A medicine to improve expectoration in adults. Phlegm in the bronchi - how to withdraw, drugs for mucus
Normally, a certain amount of secretion is always produced in the respiratory tract of a healthy person. This is a constant process aimed at cleansing them, preventing infection from entering them and renewing the cells of the inner lining of the bronchi.
Usually no significant problems with the excretion of mucus are found. Difficulties arise when a disease develops.
In the presence of pathological conditions, sputum begins to be produced in very large quantities, stagnates in the bronchi, becomes too viscous and, as a result, hardly comes out.
Its accumulation often attracts infection, often bronchitis, causes significant congestion in the pulmonary circulation, and provokes pulmonary insufficiency.
As a result, the patient develops severe malaise or even a pronounced disease state.
It is necessary to get rid of the accumulation of mucus in the bronchi. For this, it is advisable to consult a doctor for advice. He will conduct bronchoscopy, clinical and biochemical blood tests, ultrasound, histological and microscopic examination.
These studies will determine the reasons for the increased accumulation of secretions in your airways.
They may be:
- Flu.
- SARS.
- bronchitis.
- laryngitis.
- pharyngitis.
- pneumonia.
- bronchial asthma.
- malignant neoplasms in the lungs.
- tuberculosis.
- allergic reactions
- heart failure.
- years of smoking.
- fungal infection.
With these diseases, inflammation of the respiratory tract, swelling of the bronchi, a change in the structure of their mucous membrane, as a result, a large amount of sputum begins to be produced. Sometimes it becomes too much and it causes a strong cough.
The secret is divided into serous, mucous, purulent, interspersed with blood, vitreous, etc. Its color is different, depending on the disease that has arisen.
There are a variety of ways to get rid of phlegm, often used for bronchitis. This must be done, as its accumulation significantly disrupts the work of the cardiovascular, pulmonary and circulatory systems. In addition, a large amount of sputum strongly irritates the mucous membrane.
When sputum comes out, the bronchi are completely freed from its accumulation and the patient's well-being improves markedly.
It is especially important to get rid of the accumulated secret in time and promptly if wheezing, whistling, are heard in the chest. This indicates that the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract can no longer cope with its sharply increased volume, which also contains toxic substances and cell decay products.
Medicines
It is necessary to deal with the accumulation of sputum with the approval of the attending physician. He will examine the patient, collect a detailed history, conduct a laboratory and instrumental examination.
After the diagnosis is clarified, it will be possible to influence the main cause of increased production and its accumulation in the respiratory tract.
It is very important to distinguish between dry and wet cough. Measures to combat them will be different.
Dry cough is an unfavorable symptom, as mucus does not leave the respiratory tract. Therefore, the main method of treatment is to transfer it to wet, when the patient is already able to independently excrete sputum from the body.
For this, medical and folk methods of treatment are used.
They operate in two main areas in two directions, using:
- Mucolytics(contribute to the thinning of mucus, turning it into a semi-liquid state and making it easy to leave the respiratory tract)
- Expectorants(activate the muscular layer of the inner lining of the bronchi, helping to remove accumulated sputum)
The main drugs also include:
- bronchodilators;
- anti-inflammatory substances;
- antibiotics;
- antiviral medicines;
- antihistamines, etc.
They allow you to completely dissolve the secret in the respiratory tract, bring it out, eliminate the causes of increased sputum formation in the bronchi. These medicinal substances help the bronchi to significantly expand their lumen, push sputum out, and also destroy the infection that provokes a relapse of the disease.
There are many ways to get rid of mucus in the lungs. The tested remedy in this case is honey and its derivative products. They are prepared in a variety of ways and perfectly activate the lymph circulation in the lungs, completely thin the sputum, and have a significant expectorant, anti-inflammatory and bactericidal effect. In addition, they increase the body's defenses.
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herbal remedies
- Chamomile;
- nettle;
- lavender;
- St. John's wort;
- blooming Sally;
- thyme;
- licorice;
- immortelle;
- ivy leaf;
- coltsfoot;
- succession;
- aloe;
- marshmallow.
To avoid drying out the throat, you should actively humidify the air in the room. It is advisable to arrange water containers around the room, or purchase a humidifier.
- Milk with the addition of pine parts also helps well.. You should take 3 cups of hot milk, add a few crushed cones with resin to it. Then you need to insist this drink in a thermos for at least two hours, strain and take two hundred milliliters twice a day.
- Inhalation helps to clear the bronchi of mucus. You can carry them out with dry steam, a decoction of potatoes, herbs, essential oils. They have antispasmodic and reflex action, stimulate blood circulation and help get rid of mucus in the lungs.
- It is advisable to drink more liquid. It dissolves the secret, helps to evacuate it from the respiratory tract, promotes detoxification of the body. Fruit drinks, milk with honey, soda solution, green tea or lemon juice are especially useful.
- You must completely stop smoking and drinking alcohol.. Nicotine and alcohol stimulate blood flow to the respiratory tract, cause swelling of the bronchi, which contributes to dehydration. In addition, they significantly weaken the immune system. If these bad habits are abused, serious complications can develop that require long and complex treatment.
Drugs that remove mucus from the bronchi
For effective treatment and to achieve a quick effect, you need to know the main medicines that will help get rid of the accumulation of sputum in the lungs. They can be used only after the approval of the attending physician, since each of them has a number of side effects and contraindications.
With a dry cough, mucolytics come first. They translate a dry cough into a wet one and relieve congestion in the airways.
These most often include:
- Lazolvan;
- Glaucine;
- Codeine;
- Tusuprex;
- Libeksin.
Often in these cases, Ambrobene And ACC. They are drugs of complex action, completely eliminating cough, greatly facilitating breathing and significantly increasing the body's defenses.
Expectorants are more commonly used for wet coughs in bronchitis. They directly regulate the separation of sputum from the bronchi into the external environment.Some of them act on the centers of the brain, others - on the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract. For this, such effective pharmacological agents are used as:
- Thermopsol
- Codelac
- Herbion
- Pertussin
- Bronchicum
- Ambroxol
- Bromhexine
Syrups potion extracts
A good result is provided by various syrups and extracts, which contain plant substances of reflex action. These include
- marshmallow
- barberry
- thermopsis
- Dill seeds
- licorice
- coltsfoot
- thyme
- sage
- chamomile
Aromatherapy with eucalyptus oil, menthol, tea tree also has an excellent effect. They actively act directly on the patient's bronchi, having a positive effect on them. Usually they are used for a wet cough, when you need to quickly facilitate the removal of sputum that is already gradually leaving.
The pharmaceutical industry produces special syrups, potions and solutions to get rid of coughs and remove excess secretions. These include Gedelix, Doctor Mom etc.
All these drugs have an effective effect in the fight against accumulations of sputum in the bronchi. They differ in their purpose, dosage and duration of treatment.
These funds have different intensity of impact on the human body and its pulmonary system. Also, all of them make it possible to cough up, remove the secret from the bronchi and relieve their inflammation.
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Breathing exercises to expel mucus
Stimulates the withdrawal of accumulated mucus also special gymnastics. It allows:
- Completely remove swelling of the bronchial mucosa;
- significantly restore respiratory function;
- ensure an active flow of oxygen to the cells of the body;
- stimulate blood circulation in tissues;
- create the necessary load on the muscle layer of the bronchi;
- help to expel mucus;
- relieve cough.
These measures make it possible to make the work of the respiratory system, associated tissues and structures more intense.
The exercises are quite simple and even a child can perform them. They actively help get rid of sputum in bronchitis and activate the body.Here are the most effective examples:
Gymnastics can have an even more pronounced effect than taking medications.
In addition, it can help those who are deprived of the opportunity to take pharmacological agents due to contraindications.
The patient needs to lie on his back, while the surface should be flat. After that, he leans to one side at an angle of five degrees. He breathes deeply, spitting out sputum into a specially prepared basin. Then he turns to the other side. Must be done ten times.
Kneel on a bed or rug and lean forward. If the secret from the bronchi leaves, get rid of it. If there is nothing, then after a short break, repeat the exercise ten times.
Lie on the very edge of the bed, the surface should be flat. Hang out of bed as far as possible. Then do the same on the other side. Spit the outgoing mucus into prepared containers. Run ten times.
Lie on your back. The legs should be in an elevated position, so it is better to put something under them. Stay in this position for half an hour. After that, get up, clear the bronchi from the released secret and repeat the exercise three more times.
These movements enable the natural cleaning of the airways. They allow you to very fully evacuate the secret, make the work of the lungs more intense, and activate lymphatic drainage. In addition, they affect the entire system, including the smallest alveoli..
There are many ways to remove phlegm and you should use them all in order to get rid of the disease and regain your lost health.
How to remove phlegm from the bronchi at home?
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Drugs that can help cure one type of cough are harmful for another
Any treatment begins with a diagnosis, and this is especially important when coughing: drugs that can help with one type of cough are harmful for another. Listen to your cough. If you have a sore throat and painful attacks come one after another, if you cannot sleep because of this, then this is most likely a dry cough. Doctors call it unproductive: as a result of such hard work, after which the muscles of the chest and abdomen hurt, no product (sputum) is formed. This empty cough is due to irritation of the cough receptors in the throat. And it needs to be extinguished with antitussive drugs.
A productive cough, in which sputum is discharged, is fundamentally different from it. This is useful: the trachea, bronchi and lungs need to be cleaned of sputum. When she is gone, the cough subsides. But the trouble is when it goes badly - this happens when there is very little sputum or when it is too viscous.
In such cases, the body needs help with expectorants (they increase the production of thin sputum) or mucolytics (they make sputum less viscous). Many drugs have such a double action - they also help to remove phlegm by stimulating the activity of special cilia that “sweep” it from the respiratory tract. Coughs are often treated with the drug codeine.
It is not right. They can only be used as a last resort, when other means do not help. And it's better if it's just codeine or dextromethorphan close to it. Because almost all combined preparations based on them also contain expectorants.
This combination is irrational: some components help sputum discharge, while others prevent this by suppressing cough. This is especially bad with a productive cough.
In addition to medicines, the home atmosphere is important - the air must be humid. To do this, place a basin of water in the room or hang a wet towel. And drink plenty of fluids - at least 6-8 glasses a day.
What drugs to prefer when the cough is dry and painful
Antitussive drugs depress the cough center in the brain
Combined preparations based on codeine (Codelac, Terpincod N, Tedein, Terkodin)*
- dextromethorphan (Robitussin) and combined preparations with it (Glycodin, Tussin Plus, Alex Plus)
- preparations of butamirate (Sinekod, Panatus, Omnitus)
Soothe cough receptors in the throat
Prenoxdiazine (Libexin)
- numerous collections, syrups, teas, lozenges, lozenges, lozenges with menthol, extracts of eucalyptus, licorice, licorice, white locust, wild cherry, etc. (Pectussin, Glyceram, Licorin, etc.)
- sprays Kameton and Ingalipt
When sputum does not come out well (there is very little of it or it is viscous)
Preparations that facilitate sputum discharge:
Expectorant mucolytics:
- Bromhexine preparations (Bromhexine, Solvin, Ascoril)
- Ambroxol preparations (Ambroxol, Ambrobene, Lazolvan, AmbroGeksal, Halixol, Codelac Broncho, Ambrosal, Flavamed)
- preparations of carbocysteine (Fluifort, Fluditec, Libeksin Muko, Bronchobos)
- acetylcysteine preparations (ACC, NAC-ratiopharm, Fluimucil, Acestine) - better suited when there is little sputum
Expectorant herbal remedies:
- medicines with marshmallow, anise, elecampane, coltsfoot, plantain, sundew, violet in the form of syrups, drops, fees, tablets, etc. (Bronchicum, Bronchosan, breast fees No. 1-3, Dr. Mom, Lycorine, Mukaltin, Pectussin, Pertussin, Thermopsis, etc.)
Inhalations with eucalyptus, camphor, menthol, balsam of Peru and other herbal remedies can help with any cough.
They require complex treatment, including antibacterial or antiviral therapy, antipyretic and antihistamine drugs, immunostimulants and immunomodulators. Pathogenetic treatment is aimed at reducing signs of inflammation, bronchodilation, restoring the patency of the respiratory tract, as well as thinning and excretion of sputum. For this purpose, patients are prescribed expectorants. This is a group of drugs that ensure the removal of bronchial secretions from the respiratory tract.
In healthy people, a mucous secret is constantly produced, designed to moisturize and cleanse the epithelium of the respiratory tract. With infection and inflammation of the respiratory tract, the activity of cilia of epithelial cells decreases, and sputum production increases. It becomes viscous and difficult to separate. To cope with a similar problem and eliminate a productive cough, drugs that help thin and expectorate sputum will help. They restore the work of the ciliated epithelium and accelerate the progress of the tracheobronchial secret.
The drugs in this group are divided into 2 large subgroups:
- Secretomotor means that directly stimulate expectoration.
- Mucolytics or secretolytics liquefying mucus.
Expectorants are designed to treat a productive cough with a viscous and thick discharge that occurs when the bronchi, bronchioles, lungs, trachea, as well as other diseases are affected.
Mucolytic and expectorant drugs are auxiliary drugs that make life easier for the patient, but do not eliminate the cause of the cough. They should only be used in combination with etiotropic antimicrobial therapy.
Mucolytics thin the thick bronchial secretion, have a mild anti-inflammatory effect and prevent sputum from sticking to the walls of the respiratory tract.
Mechanism of action
- a reflex act that protects the body from foreign substances by removing them from the respiratory system. This is the most important symptom of broncho-pulmonary diseases. The cough reflex occurs when the receptors of the mucous membrane of the bronchi and trachea are irritated, which becomes inflamed and swells. It intensively produces thick mucus, which does not come out, but continues to stimulate cough receptors.
Cough happens and. In the first case, it is necessary to use agents that improve sputum excretion, but do not suppress the coughing act - mucolytic and expectorant drugs. They thin the sputum and help it move from the lower respiratory tract to the upper. Despite the fact that this group combines a large number of drugs, they all differ in the main pharmacological action.
Medications
Medicinal herbs, herbal teas, pharmacological preparations and folk remedies have an expectorant effect.
Only a doctor should choose one or another cough medicine, taking into account the form and stage of the disease, the patient's condition, the nature of sputum and the presence of concomitant pathologies. Herbal remedies and folk remedies are safe, but often ineffective. Particularly noteworthy are potent synthetic drugs that have a number of contraindications and side effects. Most of them have a symptomatic effect, and some drugs have anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects.
Synthetic secretolytics are used to eliminate cough, which is a symptom of inflammation of the bronchi, lungs, and trachea. They are prescribed to premature and young children who have reduced surfactant synthesis, a substance that stabilizes the pulmonary alveoli.
Bromhexine- an effective mucolytic, which is prescribed to people with spastic bronchitis, bronchiectasis. Bromhexine is a synthetic analogue of the active plant substance vasicin, which can thin and remove sputum. In the human body, bromhexine is absorbed into the blood and, as a result of a number of metabolic reactions, turns into ambroxol. The drug is produced in tablet form, in syrup and drops for inhalation administration. The action of the drug begins a day after the start of treatment: the viscosity of sputum decreases, the work of the ciliated epithelium increases, the volume of sputum and its excretion increase. Bromhexine provides the stability of the alveoli during breathing due to the production of pulmonary surfactant. Side effects - dyspepsia and allergies. Currently, bromhexine is considered an outdated drug, doctors recommend it less and less.
"Ambroxol"- a medicine that provides protection of the respiratory mucosa from external influences, including infection. This drug is vital and is widely used in medical practice. Due to the effect of the drug, the mobility of the villi of the ciliated epithelium is activated, mucociliary transport is restored, due to which a less viscous discharge is formed. Increased production of surfactant protects cells and tissues from invading pathogenic microbes. Ambroxol is a metabolite of bromhexine and has identical properties. It has a pronounced antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect. Use the drug for prophylactic purposes before and after surgery. Ambroxol is used in tablet form to treat wet cough in adults. Children under one year old are given a delicious syrup at an age dosage.
Acetylcysteine is the main active ingredient of the drug "ACC" and its analogues. It is an effective mucolytic that can thin the viscous bronchial discharge and remove it from the body. Assign "ACC" to persons with an infectious pathology of the respiratory organs, accompanied by the formation of thick mucus: bronchitis, tracheitis, and also,. Acetylcysteine is used to treat colds and is included in the complex therapy of such serious diseases as cystic fibrosis, lungs and others. Acetylcysteine is an important drug that is produced in the form of powder and effervescent tablets. Among the side effects are allergic reactions, shortness of breath, bronchospasm.
Carbocysteine- a mucolytic agent with bronchosecretolytic action. It liquefies, breaks down and dissolves difficult to expectorate viscous mucus, and also slows down the process of its formation. "Carbocysteine", "Libeksin Muko", "Mukosol" and other analogues normalize the condition of the mucous membranes and promote their regeneration. These drugs do not provoke bronchospasm and are safer than ACC. The very next day after the start of treatment, the discharge of sputum and mucus from the respiratory tract improves, which facilitates breathing and reduces coughing.
Combined expectorants- potent drugs used according to strict indications and doctor's recommendations. The most common representative of this group is Ascoril. Despite the high efficiency and rapid onset of the therapeutic effect, the drugs of this group have many contraindications and cause a variety of side effects. Codelac Broncho is available in various dosage forms: tablets, syrup, elixir. The syrup is prescribed mainly to children in a dosage appropriate for age. It reduces the viscosity of sputum, promotes its discharge, weakens the cough reflex and reduces inflammation in the airways.
"Bromhexine" and "Ambroxol" contribute to the penetration into the sputum of antibiotics from the group of penicillins, cephalosporins, macrolides, fluoroquinolones. In this regard, expectorants, based on these drugs, are prescribed together with antimicrobial agents.
In chronic obstructive inflammation of the bronchi, a good therapeutic effect is provided by the combined use of mucolytics, bronchodilators, antispasmodics - Salbutamol, Eufillin. In the process of treatment, the work of the ciliated epithelium is enhanced, inflammation and swelling of the mucous membrane are reduced, and sputum production is facilitated.
Phytotherapy
Some medicinal herbs have an expectorant effect and clear the bronchi of phlegm. Official medicine allows the use of these herbs for a wet cough. You can buy them in the pharmacy network and use strictly according to the instructions.
Expectorant herbs include:
- Plantain,
- Altey,
- Coltsfoot,
- Thyme,
- licorice,
- Sage,
- Calendula,
- Chamomile,
- thermopsis,
- Oregano.
These herbs irritate the gastric mucosa and the centers of the brain, and then reflexively activate the work of the mucous glands in the bronchi and the contractility of the bronchial muscles. Due to this, sputum becomes liquid and plentiful, it moves faster through the respiratory tract and leaves the body.
Breast preparations are prepared from medicinal herbs or brewed separately. A good therapeutic effect is given by decoctions, infusions, syrups, herbal teas and drinks. Most people suffering from a productive cough choose natural remedies and confirm their high effectiveness. On the basis of medicinal herbs, modern pharmaceuticals produce a huge number of herbal remedies.
Folk remedies
Traditional cough medicines, actively used at home, are quite effective and affordable for everyone. This mild expectorant therapy gives good results, the main thing is to stock up on the necessary ingredients and patience. Before proceeding to self-treatment, you should consult with a specialist.
To clear the bronchi of unwanted and excessive sputum, it is necessary to consume as much liquid as possible and do herbal and essential inhalations.
Video: cough and expectorants, Dr. Komarovsky
Many diseases of the respiratory system are accompanied by excessive sputum production. This is a serious symptom indicating involvement in inflammation of the bronchi. In this case, you need to urgently see a doctor in order to diagnose the disease and decide on treatment. It is very dangerous to prescribe sputum thinners on your own.
What are mucolytics
Drugs that thin mucus and remove it from the respiratory tract are called mucolytics.
When hit in organism infection or with allergic reactions, the bronchi begin to secrete mucus in large quantities. So there is a cough with sputum.
The secretion of mucus protects the bronchi and helps the body get rid of from harmful bacteria. By the nature of sputum, you can guess what is happening in the body. For example, if the sputum is yellow or green, then we can talk about the bacterial cause of the inflammation. If it is clear and liquid, then the disease is caused by a virus. And when the sputum, on the contrary, is viscous, we can talk about the presence of an allergic reaction.
All cough medicines are divided into mucolytics and mucokinetics. The difference between them is that the former thin the sputum, and the latter contribute to its speedy discharge.
Mucolytics are usually used for dry coughs. If you take them with a wet cough, then sputum will begin to stand out in too much quantity. And it will be problematic for the patient to expectorate it.
Mucolytics are divided into 2 groups:
- Direct action. They destroy the composition of sputum and reduce inflammation.
- Indirect action. They reduce mucus production.
There are cough remedies that combine the properties of mucolytics and mucokinetics.
What cough medicines are available for adults
How fast will the recovery be? depends on the effectiveness of the prescribed treatment. Expectorants for cough should be prescribed only by a doctor after examination of the patient. He listens to the lungs, assesses age, the presence of chronic diseases and selects the appropriate cough medicines.
For adults, there is a large selection of expectorants. Among them:
- ACC. Active ingredient - acetylcysteine. It has an expectorant, antitussive and anti-inflammatory effect. It is produced in the form of effervescent tablets, granules for the preparation of syrup and in solution.
- Codelac Broncho. In its composition: ambroxol, thermopsis, as well as other components. It reduces the viscosity of sputum and improves its discharge. The drug is usually prescribed one tablet three times a day. You can take it for no more than five days.
- Lazolvan. Has expectorant action. Available in the form of syrup, solution for inhalation, tablets, lozenges. Usually taken before meals.
- Fluimucil. The active substance of the drug is acetylcestein. It helps loosen phlegm. Usually produced in granules, which are diluted with warm boiled water.
- Bronchoval. Expectorant with the active substance - Ambroxol. Available in tablets or syrup.
- Broncholitin. An effective combination cough medicine. It has an expectorant and antiseptic action. It contains: ephedrine hydrochloride and glaucine hydrobromide. But not everyone can take it. There are many contraindications for this drug.
- Suprimabroncho. Effective herbal remedy for cough. Produced in the form of syrup.
There are analogues of these drugs: Ambrosan, Cofacin, Flavamed, Mukosol and others. But once again it should be recalled that the independent choice and prescription of drugs leads to tragic consequences. Only a doctor should prescribe an expectorant.
From herbal preparations from cough, the most effective ones can be distinguished: Gerbion (from wet and dry cough separately), Pectusin, Broncho-Immuno, Sage Bronchoactiv and others.
Cough medicines for children
A child suffering from a cough must be shown to a specialist. Moreover, it cannot be treated on its own. Because in children, pathology develops faster than in adults. Therefore, any cough, even a seemingly harmless one, can lead to a rather sad end if the treatment is incorrectly prescribed.
Typically, a child is prescribed the following cough remedies:
Cough preparations during pregnancy
Pregnant women often have a cough due to a weakened immune system during this period. This is very dangerous because coughing fits increase the tone of the uterus. But many expectorants have contraindications: pregnancy. What to do?
It is very dangerous for pregnant women to prescribe drugs that cause sputum thinning when coughing. Such funds should be prescribed only by a doctor after an examination.
It is very dangerous to take any medication during the first trimester. Because during this period the main organs of the child are laid. In the second and third trimester, you can take cough medicines as prescribed by your doctor.
Usually, the following drugs are prescribed for pregnant women:
- licorice syrup;
- Bromhexine;
- Bronchicum;
- Ambrobene;
- Lazolvan;
- Carbocysteine.
It should be remembered that cough medicines containing acetylcysteine should not be taken by pregnant women at all times.
Expectant mothers should do inhalations that cause sputum thinning. These are soda inhalations, as well as with essential oils. Inhalation with bay leaves, valerian and Asterisk balm works well.
Pregnant women should take care of themselves, not catch colds and protect the body from viruses.
Side effects of mucolytic drugs
Usually, cough medicines are well tolerated by patients. But sometimes there are unwanted side effects.
Often there are allergic reactions when taking drugs that cause sputum thinning in people predisposed to this. Some mucolytics pass into breast milk. Therefore, nursing should be especially careful when choosing expectorants.
Mukaltin should not be taken with thrombophlebitis and severe renal failure.
Bronholitin is not prescribed to patients with problems with the cardiovascular system.
In rare cases, when taking drugs that cause sputum thinning, there are disorders of the gastrointestinal tract: nausea, diarrhea, and even vomiting. Especially if the dosage is broken.
You must carefully follow the instructions for use of the drug. This will help avoid unpleasant consequences.
Doctors prescribe antitussive drugs to patients suffering from, or wet cough , in which thick sputum is poorly separated. Depending on the patient's condition, he is prescribed either mucolytic agents (allowing to thin sputum), or expectorants (capable of facilitating sputum discharge). It can be both synthetic medicines and herbal medicines.
Despite the fact that most people prefer to take herbal medicines, you need to understand that all medicinal plants, regardless of their positive properties, have certain contraindications and provoke side effects, like drugs of synthetic origin. In addition, most drugs contain a number of other substances that cause the manifestation of negative effects.
It should also be taken into account that any medicine for sputum in the lungs, including folk remedies for sputum, can cause the manifestation of different types. Therefore, all drops, tablets, syrups and other medicines can be taken only after the approval of the doctor and according to the scheme that he has determined.
Classification of antitussives
There is the following division of antitussive medicines:
Expectorants that stimulate the expectoration process
Expectorants are used for wet coughs, as expectorant tablets, syrup and other drugs stimulate the process of sputum discharge.
If you characterize the general list of expectorant drugs, you need to consider that they are divided into two types.
reflex action drugs
Irritating effect on the gastric mucosa, and as a result, the vomiting center is excited. The production of mucus in the respiratory tract is activated. There is also an increase in the peristalsis of the smooth muscles of the bronchi, the activity of the epithelium, which removes sputum into large bronchioles and into the trachea. As a consequence, such expectorants with a wet cough facilitate expectoration and removal of sputum.
Basically, these are preparations based on expectorant herbs for bronchitis, acute respiratory viral infections, etc.: wild rosemary, thermopsis, coltsfoot, thyme, etc. Expectorant folk remedies are also prepared on the basis of these herbs, but such folk recipes for patients who worried about a strong cough, you also need to coordinate with your doctor.
Means of direct resorptive action
They provoke irritation of the bronchial mucosa after they are absorbed in the digestive tract. As a result, the secretion of liquid sputum increases.
It should be borne in mind that it will not be possible to choose a good and strong expectorant for coughing on your own, without a preliminary examination by a doctor, since it is necessary to take into account all the features of the course of the disease. The optimal drug for smokers is also selected by the doctor. You should be very careful when choosing such drugs for pregnant women.
Any expectorant drugs with, despite their composition, can be used only after approval by a doctor. Even expectorants during pregnancy based on herbs cannot be used uncontrollably, since manifestations of allergies, a negative effect on the woman and the fetus, are possible. If sputum does not come out well during pregnancy, you should immediately consult a doctor and use his recommendations.
Each expectorant for children should be used only after the appointment. Despite the fact that many drugs for children (tablets, syrups for children, herbs) are sold in pharmacies without a prescription, the pediatrician determines how to treat an expectorant cough in a child, taking into account all the features of the disease. Therefore, parents are not recommended to ask directly at the pharmacy about what good expectorants for children from 1 year old will be advised by the pharmacist.
Mucolytic drugs
must be taken into account when applying mucolytics that this is a remedy that dilutes sputum, which ultimately helps to remove it faster. Mucolytics are drugs that are prescribed for bronchitis , pneumonia and other respiratory ailments. The list of mucolytic drugs is quite wide. It should be borne in mind that this mucolytic action can be as follows:
- mucolytic drugs for children and adults that affect the viscosity and elasticity of mucus in the bronchi (etc.);
- mucolytic agents for children and adults that activate sputum excretion (,);
- Drugs whose mucolytic effect is the reduction of mucus production ( glucocorticoids , anticholinergics , ).
When choosing any of the drugs with such an effect, you need to take into account that only a doctor should prescribe such a mucolytic agent, since there are a lot of important points that need to be taken into account.
Both adults and children should not be given such medicines at the same time as antitussives; they are not prescribed if the cough is strong and wet.
All antitussive drugs for children and adults are prescribed by the doctor if there are certain symptoms and characteristics of the disease. Therefore, it is possible to look for an effective, cheap and good medicine for coughing and bronchitis in a pharmacy only after a diagnosis has been made.
Altea preparations
Such cough remedies for children and adults are indicated for acute and chronic ailments of the respiratory system - with bronchitis , obstructive bronchitis , emphysema .
These are effective cough remedies if the patient has the formation of sputum that is difficult to separate, which has a strong viscosity.
How does it work?
Adult and pediatric medicines based on marshmallow herbs produce an effect by stimulating the peristalsis of the bronchioles. There is also an anti-inflammatory effect, the agent dilutes the secretion of the bronchi.
Contraindications
High sensitivity to the drug peptic ulcer . The syrup should be used carefully for fructose intolerance and with.
Use with caution during pregnancy, also in children under 3 years of age. A cough remedy for children from 3 years old is used according to indications.
Side effects
Treatment may be accompanied by allergies, vomiting, nausea,
Mukaltin
Medicine for a child 3 years and older is used as an expectorant. If there is a need to give cough tablets for children, then children from a year old can first dissolve one tablet in 100 g of water. Adults use 1-2 tablets. Mukaltin 4 r. per day, treatment can last from 1 to 2 weeks.
Reviews of cough tablets for children indicate that Mukaltin is an inexpensive and good remedy.
Price from 200 rubles.
shown
At cough with sputum difficult to separate .
Contraindications
Do not prescribe to children under 3 years of age, with high sensitivity, with peptic ulcer.
Side effects
How to drink?
Children - 5 ml every 3 hours, adults - 10 ml every 3 hours.
Thyme
Medicines based on this herb act as an expectorant, also produce an analgesic and antimicrobial effect. They have the same indications and contraindications as plantain.
Grass - from 50 rubles, essential oil - from 100 rubles.
How to drink?
To prepare a decoction, 1 tbsp. l. herbs pour 1 tbsp. water and boil for 15 minutes. After that, filter and bring the contents to 200 ml. Drink 1 tbsp. l. 3 p. per day for 2-3 weeks.
Syrup and lozenges are produced. Cough lozenges and syrup provide an expectorant and mucolytic effect. Pastilles, like syrup, are indicated for paroxysmal cough, sputum that is difficult to separate.
From 150 rub.
How to drink?
The syrup can be given to treat a child from 6 months - half a teaspoon. twice a day. Children from 1 to 6 years old - 1 tsp. twice a day, children 6-12 years old - the same dose three times a day. Adults are shown to drink 2 tsp. three times a day.
Pastilles for children from 6 to 12 years old - 1 pc. three times a day. Adults - 1-2 lozenges three times a day.
What is better - syrup or lozenges - is determined by the doctor. It is important to take into account the age of the patient (for example, lozenges are not prescribed for a child of 4 years old), and also what helps to get rid of the cough more effectively, taking into account the experience of the patient.
Bronchicum TP
It contains primrose and thyme.
How to drink?
Children from 1-4 years old - 0.5 tsp each. three times a day (for a child 6 months and older - only under the strict supervision of a doctor). Children from 5 to 12 years old - 1 tsp. 4 p. per day, adults - the same dose of 6 r. in a day. Bronchicum is important to apply at regular intervals.
Pertussin
Contraindications
Age up to 2 years, pregnancy, pulmonary bleeding. Caution is taken for diseases of the adrenal glands, liver and kidney failure.
Side effects
Headaches, tinnitus, stomatitis , vomit , bronchospasm , pulmonary hemorrhage, skin rash.
How to drink?
It is better to take medicines with such an active ingredient after meals. At the same time, it should be taken into account that a stronger liquefying effect is noted if a person drinks a lot of liquid at the same time.
Children 2-5 years old - 100 mg 2-3 times a day, 6-14 years old - 100 mg, adults - 200 mg three times a day. Treatment should not last more than 7 days, but in acute bronchitis, the doctor may extend therapy.
How to take ACC in sachets depends on the disease. As a rule, ACC is recommended to be dissolved in half a glass of tea, water or juice, taken immediately after dilution.
This active substance contains the drug
(cough medicine for children, tablets, drops for children),
(except bromhexine hydrochloride drops contain levomenthol, anise oil, eucalyptus, fennel, mint, oregano oils), Solvin
(tablets, syrup).
Expectorant and antitussive action is noted.
Contraindications
Age up to 6 years (potion and syrup - up to 2 years), pregnancy (first trimester), breastfeeding, high sensitivity.
Side effects
Nausea, allergies, vomiting, dizziness, headaches.
A pronounced effect is noted after 2-5 days of treatment.
How to drink?
Children from 2 years old - 2 mg, children from 6 years old - 8 mg three times a day. Adults are shown 8-16 mg 4 r. in a day. It is possible to use these drugs in the form of inhalations, which are carried out twice a day. To do this, you need to dissolve the agent with distilled water or saline. For children 2-10 years old, the dose is 2 mg, from 10 years old - 8 mg.
The use of this mixture for children under one year is not practiced. A list of medicines for infants can be obtained from a doctor.
Combined cough medicines
Such drugs include,. These drugs can be used only if there are strict indications - they are prescribed for obstructive syndrome.
The price of Joset syrup is from 200 rubles, Ascoril - from 300 rubles, Kashnol (manufacturer India - from 150 rubles). The funds are available in the form of tablets and syrup.
The composition includes guaifenesin, bromhexine, salbutamol.
Showing
At COPD , asthma , emphysema , tracheobronchitis , pneumonia , tuberculosis , chronic bronchitis .
Contraindications
Pregnancy and feeding, age up to 3 years, liver and kidney failure, myocarditis , diabetes , ulcer , tachyarrhythmia , aortic stenosis .
These cough syrups and tablets for children and adults are not used simultaneously with drugs - non-selective β-adrenergic blockers, antitussive drugs, MAO inhibitors.
