Asthenia after influenza or physical fatigue. How weakness manifests itself after a cold

The body throws all its strength into the fight against viruses, especially the flu and serious viral diseases. After recovery, the person is in a weakened state, which is manifested by high fatigue, apathy, irritability and drowsiness. Usually, after an illness, it recovers in 2-3 weeks, during which it is desirable to support the body and help it return to shape. Today we will talk about how to quickly recover from the flu and SARS, and what to do in order for the disease to go away without complications.

The state after the illness is characterized by moral and physical exhaustion, vitamin deficiency and dehydration. Psychological weakness leads to a loss of interest in the outside world, a decrease in interest in work, apathy and a desire for loneliness.

As a result, a person becomes distracted, inattentive, concentrates poorly on business, is not interested in what is happening.

Why is the recovery of the body after the flu and SARS so difficult, and what to do in such a situation? When the virus enters the body, the main protective mechanism is launched, as a result, the body temperature rises. The patient loses a lot of energy, and additional efforts are needed to fight the disease, so the person is in constant tension.

Viral intoxication leads to the depletion of all body systems, and the effect of viruses on the brain leads to impaired neuronal metabolism and general weakness. In addition, diseased cells suffer from a lack of oxygen, so the production of melatonin, known as the hormone of joy, decreases.

Metabolism usually slows down in winter, all processes in the body take place in slow mode, including recovery after SARS.

Weakness after the flu is normal, the main thing is to prevent it from turning into asthenia.

Attention - asthenia!

Asthenia is not only physical, but also psychological weakness, not associated with a previous disease, it must be treated. Asthenia is often associated with chronic fatigue syndrome, which also occurs after the flu or SARS.

It differs from ordinary fatigue in that it does not go away even after a long sleep or rest, a person becomes irritable, insecure, experiences drowsiness, problems with concentration, cannot find strength even for the simplest actions.. Appetite worsens, severe headaches appear and the heart rhythm is disturbed. If you notice these symptoms, then you should consult a doctor for advice and prescribe the right treatment.

Asthenia, or more simply - weakness for no reason

How to identify complications of the disease

Weakened immunity after ORVI is manifested by general weakness, which disappears within 1-2 weeks. At this time, the body continues to be attacked by viruses and bacteria. If the weakness does not disappear long time, then there may be complications of the disease, which should be paid close attention.

Weakness, including, may indicate heart problems (accompanied by pressing chest pain), meningitis or encephalitis (nausea and headache), as well as pneumonia, which is often asymptomatic and is accompanied by fever, a slight cough, and green or brown sputum.

Therefore, if the weakness does not go away within two weeks after recovery and is accompanied by the above symptoms, then it is advisable not to postpone the visit to the hospital.

How to recover after SARS

The main principles of restoring immunity after the flu or SARS are rest and replenishment of the vitamin balance.

The body spends all its strength on the battle with the disease, and the supply of vitamins and microelements is significantly depleted, therefore, after recovery, it is necessary not only to restore moral and physical strength but also to replenish the reserves of useful substances.

When answering the question of how to quickly recover from an ARVI, it is important to highlight the main areas of rehabilitation.

Physical rehabilitation includes

• Water procedures. Doctors recommend regular relaxing baths or showers. The combination of a swimming pool with a sauna is considered ideal.
• Charger. Start every morning with a light exercise that provides energy for the whole day and keeps you well toned.
• Massage allows you to put the muscles in order and improve the emotional state of the patient.
• walks rendered on the street positive influence on metabolism and accelerate the elimination of toxins. The main thing is to dress properly, taking into account the weather, so as not to freeze and not sweat. In the first days after the illness, it is enough to walk for 30 minutes twice a day.

Massage - effective remedy recovery

Psychological rehabilitation

• This can also be included walks on fresh air because they improve the emotional state. It is also recommended to ventilate the apartment more often, especially before going to bed. It has been proven that sleeping in a cool room promotes proper rest and recovery after a busy day.
• Drink vitamin and soothing teas, infusions of herbs or berries, for example, decoctions of wild rose, fruit drinks from cranberries, currants or lingonberries - they perfectly restore immunity and cleanse the body. It is advisable to drink at least two liters of fluid per day to remove all remaining toxins.
• An important condition for a speedy recovery is good rest. After an illness, it is advisable to sleep 1-2 hours more than usual. During the flu and a few days after the temperature drops, stay in bed.

Maintaining vitamin balance

• Vitamins after orvi It is advisable to take at least a month. Multivitamin complexes well restore the immune system, which is seriously affected after the flu and SARS. Also useful are tinctures of arnica, chamomile, St. John's wort and licorice, they increase protective barrier and have antimicrobial properties - this is a good prophylactic from bacterial infections, which are dangerous complications after the flu.
• Reconsider your daily menu. Lean fish and meat, liver, legumes, nuts and mushrooms remain ideal suppliers of vitamins and trace elements. Experts recommend including iodine-containing foods in the diet, such as seaweed and seafood, as well as whole grain cereals, which are rich in vitamin B.
• Enzymes have a serious impact on almost all processes, including nerve impulses and digestion, so consume kefir, homemade yogurt, fruits, vegetables, herbs and pickles (cabbage, cucumbers, tomatoes, apples and watermelons) every day. The state of the immune system largely depends on the intake of enzymes, which is why they are often called the source of life. The oldest enzyme is homemade soy sauce, which effectively improves digestive processes. Modern analogues of the sauce are not so effective, but also quite useful.
• famous for their immunomodulatory properties plants such as chaga, ginseng root, Chinese magnolia vine, eleutherococcus, calendula flowers, chamomile, St. John's wort, as well as well-known onions and garlic.
• To replenish vitamins in winter, eating is considered effective. seed sprouts wheat, cabbage, peas, pumpkins, sunflowers or lentils. It is very easy to cook them, it is enough to soak the seeds and, after the appearance of the seedlings, eat, for example, in the form of salads. Approximately 2 tablespoons of sprouted lentils and the same amount of wheat, seasoned with one lemon or a glass of rosehip infusion, satisfy a person's daily need for vitamins and microelements.

A systematic approach is the key to health

Summing up, let's decide how to properly recover from an orvi. In general, a complete diet, rich in vitamins and minerals, plentiful drink, regular walks, water treatments and massages systemic influence on the body and restore strength in just a few days.

It should be noted that this mode winter time It is recommended not only after a flu or a cold, but also as a strengthening of the immune system for the prevention of viral diseases.

For citation: Nemkova S.A. Modern principles of treatment of post-infectious asthenic conditions in children // RMJ. 2016. №6. pp. 368-372

The article presents modern principles for the treatment of post-infectious asthenic conditions in children.

For citation. Nemkova S.A. Modern principles of treatment of post-infectious asthenic conditions in children // RMJ. 2016. No. 6. S. 368–372.

Fatigue is the most common complaint when patients visit doctors. One of the causes of this symptom may be asthenic disorders, which, according to various researchers, affect 15–45% of people. Along with fatigue and mental instability in patients with asthenia, irritability, hyperesthesia, autonomic disorders, and sleep disorders are observed. If simple fatigue after the mobilization of the mental and physical forces of the body can be characterized as a physiological temporary state that passes quickly after rest, then asthenia implies deeper pathological changes that last for months and years, which are quite difficult to cope with without medical help.

Classification of asthenic conditions

1. Organic form
It occurs in 45% of patients and is associated with chronic somatic diseases or progressive pathologies (neurological, endocrine, hematological, neoplastic, infectious, hepatological, autoimmune, etc.).

2. Functional form
Occurs in 55% of patients and is considered a reversible, temporary condition. Such a disorder is also called reactive, because it is the body's response to stress, overwork, or an acute illness (including SARS, influenza).
Separately, mental asthenia is distinguished, in which, along with functional borderline disorders(anxiety, depression, insomnia) reveal asthenic symptom complex.
When classifying according to the severity of the process, acute asthenia is distinguished, which is a reaction to stress or minor overload, and chronic asthenia that occurs after infectious diseases, childbirth, etc.
By type, hypersthenic asthenia is distinguished, which is characterized by hyperexcitability of sensory perception, and hyposthenic asthenia - with a reduced threshold of excitability and susceptibility to external stimuli, with lethargy and daytime sleepiness.
In the ICD-10, asthenic conditions are presented in several sections: asthenia NOS (R53), state of exhaustion of vital forces (Z73.0), malaise and fatigue (R53), psychasthenia (F48.8), neurasthenia (F48.0), as well as weakness - congenital (P96.9), senile (R54), exhaustion and fatigue due to nervous demobilization (F43.0), excessive exertion of forces (T73.3), prolonged exposure to adverse conditions (T73.2), exposure to heat (T67 .5), pregnancy (O26.8), fatigue syndrome (F48.0), fatigue syndrome after a viral illness (G93.3).

Post-infectious asthenic syndrome:
- occurs as a result of an illness infectious nature(ARVI, influenza, tonsillitis, hepatitis, etc.), occurs in 30% of patients who complain of physical fatigue;
- The first symptoms appear after 1-2 weeks. after an infectious disease and persist for 1-2 months, while if the root cause was of a viral origin, then periods of temperature fluctuations are possible;
- general fatigue, fatigue, aggravated by physical exertion, weakness, irritability, sleep disturbance, anxiety, tension, difficulty concentrating, emotional instability, resentment, tearfulness, irascibility, capriciousness, impressionability, decreased appetite, sweating, feeling of interruptions in the heart , lack of air, lowering the tolerance threshold for various stimuli: loud sounds, bright light, vestibular loads.
This is explained by the fact that after the cure of the underlying disease, small disturbances in energy and metabolic processes remain in the body, which provoke the development of malaise. If the asthenic syndrome is left unattended, then its progression can cause secondary infection, which will significantly worsen the functioning of the immune system and the patient's condition as a whole.
Allocate two main types of post-influenza asthenia:
- hypersthenic character: this type of asthenia takes place on early stages in mild forms of the course of the flu, the main symptoms are internal discomfort, increased irritability, self-doubt, reduced performance, fussiness and lack of concentration;
- hyposthenic character: this kind of asthenia is characteristic of severe forms of influenza, while activity first of all decreases, drowsiness and muscle weakness appear, short-term outbursts of irritability are possible, the patient does not feel the strength for vigorous activity.

Clinical manifestations post-infectious asthenia
– Increased exhaustion of mental and physical functions, with the leading symptoms being fatigue, fatigue and weakness, inability to fully rest, which leads to prolonged mental and physical stress.

Concomitant manifestations of asthenia
- Emotional instability, which is most often expressed in frequent shift mood, impatience, restlessness, anxiety, irritability, restlessness, inner tension, inability to relax.
- Vegetative or functional disorders in the form of frequent headaches, sweating, loss of appetite, interruptions in the heart, shortness of breath.
- Cognitive impairment in the form of memory and attention loss.
- Hypersensitivity to external stimuli such as door creaking, TV noise or washing machine noise.
- Sleep disturbance (difficulty falling asleep at night, lack of energy after a night's sleep, daytime sleepiness).
Follow-up observations of children who had influenza and acute respiratory viral infections with lesions of the nervous system revealed that the main disorder that occurs in children after influenza is asthenia, which has its own characteristics depending on age. In young children, asthenia is more often manifested by astheno-hyperdynamic syndrome, in older children - astheno-apathetic. It has been shown that cerebral asthenia in a child is characterized by exhaustion, irritability, manifested by affective outbursts, as well as motor disinhibition, fussiness, mobility; at the same time, long-term asthenic conditions that develop in children after influenza can lead to memory impairment, mental retardation and mental retardation, as well as anorexia, excessive sweating, vascular lability, prolonged low-grade fever, and sleep disorders, which allowed researchers to talk about damage to the diencephalic region . Diencephalic pathology in children after influenza most often occurs in the form of neuroendocrine and vegetative-vascular symptoms, diencephalic epilepsy, neuromuscular and neurodystrophic syndromes. IN to a large extent suffering from the flu emotional sphere child. D.N. Isaev (1983) noted in children post-influenza complications in the form of psychosis, in which emotional disorders came to the fore. This is also evidenced by the data of other researchers who described a mood disorder with a predominance of depression in children after influenza. The development of amental-delirious syndrome, psychosensory changes, impaired perception of the environment with insufficient orientation were noted. In addition to mental changes, after the flu, neurological disorders occur in the form of hearing, vision, speech, movement, and seizure disorders.
A study devoted to the study of psychoemotional disorders in patients with Epstein-Barr virus disease, viral infectious mononucleosis and mumps infection with serous meningitis showed that the disorders are presented in the form of three main syndromes: asthenic, astheno-hypochondriac and astheno-depressive, while the diversity and frequency of occurrence of psychoemotional disorders depend on the duration and severity of the syndrome of post-viral asthenia and the state of autonomic regulation.
A number of studies devoted to the study of catamnesis in patients with lesions of the nervous system during influenza and enterovirus infection revealed functional disorders in the form of asthenia, lethargy, loss of appetite, absent-mindedness, autonomic lability (in the form of cardiovascular dysfunction and changes in the electrocardiogram) and emotional imbalance, with In this case, the frequency of occurrence of these syndromes was directly dependent on the severity of the course of the disease in the acute period and the premorbid characteristics of the organism. The premorbid state of the child in the development of post-influenza residual effects on the part of the nervous system is given very significant importance. An important role of the premorbid state in the development of the acute period of the disease, in the outcome of the disease, and, finally, in the formation of residual phenomena has been established. The unfavorable course of the post-influenza reparation period is aggravated by an early history of cerebral insufficiency (convulsions, rachitic hydrocephalus, irritability, cranial injuries), as well as hereditary burden. In order to study the functional state of the central nervous system (CNS) in patients with post-influenza complications, some authors conducted electroencephalographic studies, the results obtained most often indicated inhibition phenomena in the central nervous system in patients with post-infectious asthenia.
The largest follow-up study of the state of health and developmental characteristics of 200 children who recovered from influenza and adenovirus infection for 1–7 years after discharge from the hospital showed that 63% of patients developed normally in the future, and 37% had functional disorders in the form asthenia, emotional and vegetative lability, mild neurological syndromes (high tendon reflexes, stop clonus, etc.), while the frequency and severity of pathological changes depended on the severity of the nervous system damage in the acute phase of the disease, as well as on premorbid burden. The nature of neuropsychiatric disorders in the follow-up was different, the most common was cerebral asthenia (in 49 children out of 74 with residual effects), which manifested itself with a variety of symptoms (severe exhaustion, lethargy, easy fatigue, inability to long-term concentration, unreasonable whims, absent-mindedness, change behaviour). Schoolchildren showed a decrease in academic performance, slowness in preparing lessons, and poor memorization of what they read. Children under the age of 3-5 years had certain features in the manifestation of this syndrome (increased irritability, excitability, excessive mobility, frequent whims). The second most common syndrome was emotional disturbances, which consisted in a rapid change in mood, resentment, excessive impressionability, attacks of aggressiveness, anger, followed by depression and tearfulness. In third place were pronounced vegetative disorders (pulse lability, fluctuations in blood pressure, pallor, hyperhidrosis, cold extremities, prolonged subfebrile condition in the absence of any inflammatory processes), as well as poor appetite, a tendency to vomit during force-feeding. All these symptoms indirectly indicated damage to the diencephalic region, while the duration of these disorders was 1–3 months, less often 4–6 months. The frequency of residual effects was significantly lower in the group of children who had the correct regimen at home and followed all the instructions given to parents before discharge. In cerebral asthenia, great importance was attached to the creation required mode suggesting: lengthening of the night and daytime sleep, a long stay in the air, a decrease in school workload (an additional free day a week), a temporary exemption from enhanced physical education (with the recommendation of daily morning exercises), the appointment of vitamins, especially group B, preparations containing phosphorus, enhanced, good nutrition. With pronounced emotional lability and vegetative imbalance, in addition to general strengthening treatment, preparations of valerian and bromine were given. All children who have had influenza and other respiratory viral infections with neurological disorders, for 6 months. exempted from preventive vaccinations. The question was also raised about the advisability of creating sanatoriums, special forest schools and preschool institutions for children who have had respiratory viral and other diseases with damage to the central nervous system.

Basic principles of therapy for asthenic conditions
Treatment of asthenia involves a complete recovery period after an infection, while strengthening the immune system, good nutrition, healthy sleep and rest, rational pharmacotherapy are mandatory.
The use of psychostimulants for the treatment of patients with post-infectious asthenia is undesirable. Achieving a psychostimulating effect for such patients is possible with the help of neurometabolic drugs, nootropics, which are currently classified as anti-asthenic drugs (Nooklerin, ethylthiobenzimidazole, hopantenic acid), as well as adaptogens.
One of the most modern anti-asthenic drugs is deanol aceglumate (Nooklerin, PIK-Pharma, Russia) - a modern nootropic drug of complex action, which has a structural similarity to gamma-aminobutyric and glutamic acids, recommended for use in children from 10 years old. Nooklerin, being an indirect activator of metabotropic glutamate receptors (type 3), a precursor of choline and acetylcholine, affects the metabolism of neurotransmitters in the central nervous system, has neuroprotective activity, increases brain energy supply and resistance to hypoxia, improves glucose uptake by neurons, and modulates the detoxifying function of the liver.
The drug underwent a wide and multifaceted study in large medical centers in Russia (for 800 patients in 8 clinics), and the results obtained at the same time indicated a significant positive effect of Nooklerin on asthenic (lethargy, weakness, exhaustion, absent-mindedness, forgetfulness) and adynamic disorders.
It has been shown that Nooklerin has the most pronounced therapeutic efficacy in asthenia (in 100% of cases), astheno-depressive conditions (75%) and adynamic depressive disorders (88%), increasing the activity of behavior in general and improving general tone and mood. Study of the effectiveness of the use of Nooklerin in functional asthenia psychogenic nature in 30 adolescents aged 13–17 years (with the determination of the condition of patients according to the MFI-20 Subjective Asthenia Scale and the Visual Analogue Asthenia Scale) indicated that the drug is an effective and safe anti-asthenic agent in the treatment of this group of patients. It was found that the effectiveness of Nooklerin does not depend on the gender of the patient, his age and social status. After a course of Nooklerin, on the MFI-20 scale, the average total score decreased from 70.4 to 48.3 points, and on the scales reflecting general asthenia, from 14.8 to 7.7 points, while 20 out of 27 patients turned out to be responders people (74.1%). Non-responders were 25.9% of adolescents, among whom patients with asthenic manifestations on the background of long-term neurotic disorders (over 2 years) predominated. There were no other factors affecting the effectiveness of Nooklerin in the studied adolescents. The results of the study also indicated the need to take Nooklerin for at least 4 weeks, while the most pronounced anti-asthenic effect was noted at the last visit (day 28) and was absent at the 2nd visit (day 7), with the exception of the lungs. manifestations of insomnia (in 4 patients), which disappeared without medical intervention. None side effects was not noted.
It has been shown that the use of Nooklerin in children aged 7–9 years with mental retardation, encephalopathy (with pronounced symptoms of asthenia and psychopathic behavior) contributed to a decrease in asthenic manifestations, improved memory, working capacity, the ability to maintain active attention, expansion of vocabulary, while headaches were leveled. , as well as manifestations of kinetosis (children tolerated transport better). When conducting a study of the effectiveness and tolerability of Nooklerin in borderline neuropsychiatric disorders, which are formed against the background of residual organic insufficiency of the central nervous system of the asthenic and neurotic spectrum, in 52 children aged 7–16 years, a positive distinct nootropic and mild stimulating effect of Nooklerin was revealed: decrease in fatigue, anxiety, decrease in emotional lability, strengthening sleep, weakening enuresis - in 83% of children, improvement in attention - in 80%, auditory verbal memory - in 45.8%, visual figurative memory - in 67%, memorization - in 36% , while the anti-asthenic and psycho-stimulating effect was not accompanied by the phenomena of psychomotor disinhibition and affective excitability. In another clinical study, involving 64 adolescents aged 14–17 years, suffering from neurasthenia against the background of school maladaptation, after treatment with Nooklerin, a significant decrease in fatigue and asthenia was noted. Deanol aceglumate is included in the standards of specialized medical care of the Russian Federation and can be used for organic, including symptomatic, mental disorders, depressive and anxiety disorders in connection with epilepsy. It was also revealed that Nooklerin has a positive effect on the visual analyzer in the form of an increase in its functional activity. Thus, the results of numerous studies indicate that Nooklerin is effective and safe drug for the treatment of asthenic and asthenodepressive conditions, as well as cognitive and behavioral disorders different genesis in children.
The high therapeutic efficacy of Nooklerin in serous meningitis in children has been shown. A clinical and laboratory examination was conducted in 50 patients with serous meningitis aged 10 to 18 years, while 64% of patients had an enteroviral etiology of the disease, and 36% suffered serous meningitis of unknown etiology. During the study, the 1st group (main group), together with the basic therapy of serous meningitis, received Nooklerin from the 5th day of hospitalization, the 2nd group (comparison group) received only basic therapy (antiviral, dehydration, detoxification drugs). The degree of asthenia was assessed using the Childhood Asthenia Symptom Scale and the Schatz Asthenia Scale, quality of life using the PedsQL 4.0 questionnaire, and EEG dynamics. The results obtained showed that in the period of convalescence after 2 months. after discharge from the hospital, manifestations of cerebrosthenic syndrome in the comparison group were detected much more often than in children receiving Nooklerin. Testing of patients with serous meningitis on two scales (Questionnaire for identifying the level of asthenia by I.K. Schatz and the Scale of symptoms of asthenia in children) to determine the level of asthenia in the acute period of the disease and in follow-up after 2 months. after discharge to various groups revealed a significantly lower level of development of asthenic manifestations in children treated with Nooklerin by the time of discharge from the hospital, as well as a significant decrease in the manifestations of asthenia after 2 months. taking the drug, compared with the comparison group. The data obtained confirm the fact that Nooklerin has not only a psychostimulating, but also a cerebroprotective effect. When assessing changes in the quality of life in these patients, the study revealed a decrease in the level of quality of life after 2 months. after suffering serous meningitis in children who received only basic therapy in the acute period of the disease, while in children who received serous meningitis together with basic therapy for 2 months. Nooklerin, the quality of life remained at the original level. The data obtained during the EEG examination in the acute period of the disease and in follow-up after 2 months. after discharge from the hospital, fully correlated with clinical observations and data obtained by questioning patients. The authors made an assumption that Nooklerin as a drug, in its chemical structure close to natural substances that optimize brain activity (gamma-aminobutyric and glutamic acids), when used in children with serous meningitis, facilitating the process of nerve impulse transmission, improving fixation, consolidation and reproduction of memory traces, stimulating tissue metabolism, helps to optimize neurometabolic processes, which prevents the formation of organic deficiency. The use of Nooklerin in complex therapy serous meningitis smoothes interhemispheric differences in the functioning of the brain, which also contributes to the protection of the development of symptomatic epilepsy in the period of late convalescence. In general, the results obtained in the study showed the high therapeutic efficacy of Nooklerin, and also confirmed its psychostimulating, neurometabolic and cerebroprotective effects along with good tolerance, which made it possible to recommend it for inclusion in the standard of care for children with serous meningitis for the prevention and treatment of post-infectious asthenia for improving disease outcomes.
Thus, the conducted studies indicate that Nooklerin is a highly effective and safe agent for the treatment of a wide range of conditions accompanied by asthenia. These conditions include increased chronic fatigue, weakness, chronic organic neurological mental and somatic diseases (infectious, endocrine, hematological, hepatological, schizophrenia, addiction to psychoactive substances, etc.). The drug Nooklerin causes a fairly rapid decrease in asthenic disorders in most patients, while the advantage of the drug is the absence of negative properties and complications characteristic of other psychostimulants. All of the above allows us to recommend Nooklerin as an effective and safe means in the treatment of asthenic conditions in children, including postinfectious asthenia.
In the treatment of asthenia after influenza and acute respiratory viral infections, herbal tonic preparations are also widely used - eleutherococcus extract (Extractum Eleutherococci), lemongrass tincture (Tinctura fructuum Schizandrae), ginseng tincture (Tinctura Ginseng). If fatigue is combined with increased irritability, sedative herbal or combined composition- tinctures of valerian, motherwort, passionflower extract, etc. The intake of multivitamin preparations and magnesium-containing products is also indicated.

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Titles

It is possible to judge that the patient has developed asthenia after the flu if he has fatigue, accompanied by excessive irritability, sleep disturbance, memory loss, performance and concentration. Neurologists say that this condition occurs when there is a metabolic disorder in the brain, which can occur after a variety of somatic diseases.

Causes of the disease

After this or that ailment, which deplete the internal organs of the patient, asthenia can occur. All sorts of infections can lead to this phenomenon, as well as mental, emotional, psychological and physical overload, a poorly organized daily routine, that is, work and rest, improper and irregular nutrition, and many other factors.

As a rule, asthenia, which appeared as a result of prolonged experiences, belongs to the category of neurasthenia. In addition, this violation occurs in the initial period of diseases of the internal organs. In this case, asthenia either accompanies the central disease, or occurs after it ends.

This violation has many characteristic symptoms, in particular, this pain in the region of the heart, back, abdomen. In addition, the patient increases sweating, the heartbeat becomes rapid, the person is haunted by a feeling of fear, and sex drive decreases, weight also decreases, while sensitivity to sounds and light develops.

Why does such a phenomenon occur? As noted above, most often asthenia appears after infectious diseases, which are influenza or bronchitis. So, experts say that this deviation has two types, one of which is dominated by fatigue, while the other person becomes very irritable.

Most often, people suffer from the first type of asthenia. If you see a doctor with constant feeling fatigue, then the specialist will be able to make a correct diagnosis only if this symptom is also accompanied by headaches, dizziness, irritability, indigestion, that is, heartburn, belching, a feeling of heaviness in the stomach, decreased appetite.

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Features of the occurrence of asthenia

Asthenia has some of its own characteristics, and they depend on the disease that caused the violation. So if we are talking about the flu, then such patients develop nervousness, the person becomes excessively irritable, fussy, his temperature rises slightly, and his performance decreases. The so-called post-influenza deviation lasts for a rather long period, sometimes it reaches a month.

In addition, the fact that there are more and more cases of asthenia after the flu or the common cold is not encouraging. Experts explain this by the fact that patients, as a rule, already suffer some manifestations of this deviation even before the disease. Thus, asthenia is fertile ground for the appearance of certain colds, due to which post-influenza asthenia occurs after.

In addition, the named ailment has a constant development. To begin with, a person feels a little tired, after which he is overcome by a breakdown. Then a person already begins to understand that he should take at least a short break, but he does not rest properly and forces himself to work, not completely recovering. In this case, the systematization of tasks causes certain difficulties, a person very often takes minor phenomena for the main ones.

Further, the situation only gets worse. A stronger fatigue begins to overcome a person, after which the understanding comes that rest is simply necessary. However, in this case, it is very difficult for the patient to stop, and he continues to work in the same mode, that is, by inertia. As a result, asthenia syndrome has a progressive character. There is a feeling of apathy, and constant headaches make themselves felt, sleep is disturbed. After some time, all these symptoms soon lead to depression.

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What are the ways to overcome asthenia?

To eliminate such an unpleasant phenomenon, you need whole complex events. Speaking more specifically about them, then a person who is experiencing asthenia will have to stop taking alcoholic beverages and drinking strong brewed coffee. At the same time, you should regularly engage in physical exercises, which should not only exhaust you, but also bring a kind of pleasure. It is also necessary to take a contrast shower, but it should be a pleasant temperature for the body and in no case irritate.

This procedure should be done before going to bed. Swimming is also an excellent remedy for this disease. In addition, doctors prescribe special means that improve brain nutrition. Great results will bring a good sleep.

Particular attention should be paid to nutrition. So, you need to take foods that improve brain function. This is a food that is rich in protein, namely meat products, legumes and soy products. Vitamins belonging to group B have the same properties. These are eggs and liver products. Tryptophan, which is also useful in this situation, is found in cheese, turkey, bananas and cereal bread.

If you eat food that is rich in the above vitamins and tryptophan, then a person quickly improves mood, as they affect the release of hormones such as serotonin, choline, methionine and norepinephrine. In addition, these substances are stimulants active work brain, while distraction and forgetfulness disappear and positive emotions are formed.

We should not forget about ascorbic acid, because it is she who is involved in energy metabolism. Therefore, there is a need for vitamin C after surgery or influenza. In order for a full-fledged energy metabolism to occur, you should eat foods containing iron, manganese, calcium or magnesium, as well as phosphorus and other useful substances.

It is necessary to introduce the following foods into your diet, such as currants, rose hips, a variety of vegetables, sea buckthorn, kiwi and many others. It is necessary to remember about the vitamin-mineral complex. Moreover, doctors say that the treatment of asthenia is impossible without taking vitamin preparations. They can be obtained at home, just every meal should be enriched with fruit salads, which should include bananas, pears or apples, you should pamper yourself with low-fat yogurts and berry-based fruit drinks.

If after the flu there is indifference, constant fatigue, blood pressure decreases, then you should pay attention to adaptogens.

The neurocirculatory form of asthenic syndrome has many other names, the most common being da Costa's syndrome or soldier's syndrome. Both names of the ailment were in honor of Jacob Mendez da Costa, who studied the consequences of the American Civil War.

Symptoms:

• Cardiac defects
• Problems of autonomic regulation heart rate
• Vascular pressure and blood pressure regulation disorders
• Respiratory disorders
• Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and urinary system
• Problems of thermoregulation
• neurotic syndrome

Symptoms are similar to cardiovascular diseases, although no pathologies are detected during examination. The disease occurs with neuro-emotional stress of an acute and chronic nature, physical factors, with chronic intoxication, dyshormonal disorders, infectious diseases, injuries and organic somatic disorders.

Functional asthenia

Primary or functional psychopathological disorder occurs in perfectly healthy people due to the influence of certain factors and is characterized by reversibility. So, if it appeared after infectious lesions, severe operations or childbirth, then this indicates its somatic nature.

This form affects people with increased mental, physical and intellectual stress. And also those whose work requires increased attention, emotional overstrain or is associated with a shift work schedule, which violates biological rhythms. Prolonged anxiety and mild depression are also risk factors.

Classification of functional asthenia:

• Acute - work overload, stress, jet lag.
• Chronic - post-infectious, postpartum, postoperative, a sharp decline body weight.
• Psychiatric - depression, anxiety, insomnia.

The disease is characterized emotional weakness, increased fatigue, affective lability. The symptoms may be so severe that ordinary light, soft sounds, and other stimuli can destabilize the patient.

Mental asthenia

The mental form is characterized by increased exhaustion mental processes and delayed recovery of their normal functioning. Often it is combined with emotional lability and mental hyperesthesia.

Symptoms of mental disorders are diverse, consider the main signs of the disease:

• Violation sensory knowledge, that is, perceptions, ideas and sensations - hyperesthesia, hypoesthesia, hallucinations and illusions.
• Disorders of the thought process - inhibition of thinking, difficulty in formulating speech.
• Problems of memory, sleep, self-awareness, failure biological rhythms responsible for rest and wakefulness.

The causes of pathological changes can be various infectious diseases that directly affect the brain (meningitis, encephalitis). Exposure can occur as a result of intoxication or secondary infection, when the infection enters the brain from other organs and systems. Exposure to chemicals, drugs, food components or industrial poisons - this is another possible cause of pathology.

Neurotic asthenia

The neurotic type of asthenic syndrome is one of the phases of the development of the disease. That is, if the pathology occurs against the background of neurasthenia, then it is not true, since weakness, impotence, loss of strength and other symptoms are only a visible phenomenon. Pathology disrupts the mechanisms mental activity leading to changes in behavior and impact on quality of life. The malaise is characterized by constant complaints of inexplicable fatigue, loss of strength, decreased vitality, fatigue, intolerance to previously habitual loads. There is an increased sensitivity to external stimuli, physiological sensations and loud sounds.

The causes of psychopathological illness, as a rule, are associated with traumatic events, prolonged exposure to stimuli that lead to nervous strain. Treatment includes A complex approach, consisting of psychotherapeutic, pharmacological and restorative therapy. In severe forms, the recovery process takes place in special specialized institutions. As for prevention, it involves the creation of favorable conditions for neutralizing emotional overstrain and stress.

Post-infectious asthenia

Post-infectious asthenic syndrome occurs as a result of an infectious disease or its concomitant. Malaise can occur after influenza, tonsillitis, hepatitis and other diseases. The patient complains of severe weakness, headaches, decreased performance, aching legs and back.

• It occurs in 30% of patients who complain of physical fatigue.
• The first symptoms appear 1-2 weeks after the infectious disease and persist for 1-2 months. If the root cause was of a viral origin, then periods of temperature fluctuations are possible.
• The main signs are physical, that is, a feeling of general fatigue, weakness, irritability prevails.

This is explained by the fact that after the cure of the underlying disease, small disturbances in energy and metabolic processes remain in the body, which provoke the development of malaise. If the asthenic syndrome is left unattended, then its progression can cause secondary infection, which will significantly impair the functioning of the immune system.

Treatment involves a full recovery period after the infection. Mandatory is the strengthening of the immune system, immunotherapy, good nutrition, healthy sleep and rest.

Asthenia after viral infection

Very often, viral infections lead to the development of psychopathological disorders. Acute respiratory viral infections account for 75% of all cases of pathology.

Main symptoms:

• Unexplained compressive headaches
• Sudden mood swings
• Fatigue, apathy
• Low performance
• dizziness
• Pain in joints and bones
• Changes in the cardiovascular system
• Functional disorders in different organs and systems

Vegetative disorder is provoked by a viral infection, which remained after a course of therapy. This happens if the patient suffers a disease on his feet, does not take medications that stimulate the immune system, lives in constant stress and nervous tension.

The syndrome has three degrees, each of which is characterized by an aggravation of clinical symptoms.

• Mild - patients complain of fatigue, weakness, fatigue, minor problems with sleep.
• Medium - fatigue and fatigue increase and are systematic. Sleep problems become constant, it is difficult to fall asleep and wake up, headaches torment.
• Severe - there is an inability to perform any physical or mental load. Light exercise causes tremors, breathing problems, nausea, and tachycardia. Sleep becomes disturbing, it is difficult to wake up and fall asleep.

Asthenia after influenza

Fatigue, fatigue and headaches are the symptoms that accompany us after the flu. Asthenic syndrome after an illness is a neuropsychic and physical weakness. Discomfort appears without any exertion, but does not go away after good rest and sleep.

Protein metabolism disorders are also among the factors provoking the disease. In the blood, the level of ammonia rises, which negatively affects the central nervous system, reducing the activity of the transmission of nerve impulses and disrupting the regulation of energy metabolism. For the treatment of this condition, combined drugs and anti-asthenic drugs are used.

Nervous asthenia

Asthenic disease of the nervous type often occurs as a result of injuries, pathologies of the brain, infectious diseases, neurasthenia, as well as physical, mental and emotional overload.

Symptoms:

• Irritability
• Apathy
• Anxiety
• Autonomic disorders
• nervousness
• sleep disorder
• Weakness and exhaustion

In addition to the above signs, there are sharp mood swings. If the disease is accompanied, for example, by atherosclerosis, then the symptoms are aggressive, it is difficult for the patient to control emotions. The nervous form is characterized constant fatigue, pain and mental retardation. This is due to the fact that short-term memory suffers.

Neurasthenia causes excessive sweating, hot flashes, rapid heart rate, and changes in blood pressure. Headache is a common symptom. The amount and nature of pain depends on the accompanying ailments. Patients complain of pains of a tightening nature that occur at any time of the day.

With the progression of the disease, the patient becomes apathetic, secretive. If neurasthenia is accompanied by vegetative-vascular dystonia, then anxiety and various phobias appear. In addition, meteo-lability appears, that is, the dependence of the psychophysiological state on changes in atmospheric pressure, temperature and weather conditions generally. There are pains in the joints and limbs, pressure surges. Treatment of all signs of the disease is aimed not only at eliminating pathological symptoms, but also at identifying and eliminating the root cause.

Cerebral asthenia

Cerebral psychopathology appears in patients who have suffered various injuries and injuries, for example, bruises or concussion. The disease may be the result of an infection, problems with cerebral circulation, intoxication or poisoning. The peculiarity of this form is that the symptoms either appear or disappear, which is not the case with other types of ailments. Symptoms do not depend on the type of activity of the patient or his mood.

Examination of the nervous system can reveal defects in many reflexes that work for no apparent reason. As a rule, pathologies concern abdominal reflexes, coordination problems and pain similar to migraine are possible.

If the disease appeared as a result of a concussion, then there may be bouts of causeless aggression. With atherosclerosis, an unstable emotional state and tearfulness are observed. In addition, inhibited brain function is possible, difficulties when trying to navigate in simple situations.

Asthenia by cardiac type

asthenic autonomic disorder according to the cardinal type, it is characterized by palpitations, tachycardia attacks, shortness of breath and lack of air. Pathology is accompanied by regular crises, the duration of which is up to ten minutes.

The disease develops under the influence of such factors:

• Regular nervous tension
• Alcohol abuse and smoking
• Hormonal disorders
• Sedentary lifestyle
• Hereditary features of the body

To restore the body, medications are used, but before that, it is necessary to completely eliminate any stressful situations and depressive states. Useful properties have physical activity, proper nutrition, healthy sleep and positive emotions.

Sexual asthenia

Asthenic syndrome of the sexual type is characterized by a decrease in sexual activity. Pathology can be caused by various infectious agents, diseases genitourinary system, stress or prolonged physical exertion.

Mental and emotional stress, hormonal changes, recovery after complex operations, change of time zones and non-compliance with the regime of rest and work, this is another cause of the disease.

The disease can occur due to sexual experiences, fears, anxiety and problems in personal life. Complete rest and appropriate therapy primary cause syndrome allow you to restore sexual health and the normal functioning of all organs and systems of the body.

Vascular asthenia

Vegetative vascular psychopathological pathology is characterized by headaches, pain in the heart, redness or blanching of the skin. Gradually, blood pressure and temperature rise, the pulse quickens, chills begin. Unreasonable fears and anxiety are possible, which occur against the background of general weakness, dizziness, sweating, nausea, blackouts in the eyes.

Symptoms:

• Painful sensations on the left side of the chest
• Dizziness and headaches
• Unreasonable weakness, fatigue
• Sleep problems
• Weakness of muscles and whole body
• Temperature fluctuation
• Arrhythmia
• Jumps in blood pressure
• Tachycardia
• Anxiety, depression
• severe shortness of breath
• Polyuria

The above symptoms indicate the progression of the disease. Attacks last from a few minutes to 1-3 hours and go away on their own. Lack of sleep, overwork, malnutrition, frequent stress and nervous experiences provoke seizures and exacerbate pathological symptoms.

organic asthenia

Organic asthenic syndrome or cerebrosthenia occurs due to a malfunction in the functioning of the psyche and nervous system. Ailments appear after severe illnesses, chronic somatic lesions or organic pathologies. Main reasons - organic lesions brain of different etiology, that is, traumatic brain injury, intoxication, bacterial and viral infections, atherosclerosis.

The main symptom is muscle weakness, increased fatigue, absent-mindedness and inability to concentrate. In addition, there is irascibility, irritability, conflict. But at the same time, patients are characterized by indecision, self-doubt and own forces. There is a decrease in memory, sleep problems, frequent dizziness, vegetative lability, loss of appetite.

For an accurate diagnosis, superposition brain scan is used. The procedure makes it possible to identify an imbalance, determine the amount of neurotransmitter and enzyme supply necessary for the normal functioning of the brain. Treatment involves establishing true reason ailments. The therapy is complex, it consists of a course of medications, psychotherapeutic techniques, physiotherapy exercises and other physiotherapy.

Physical asthenia

The physical form of psychopathological malaise occurs as a result of prolonged and severe overexertion. The peculiarity of the pathology is that it causes rapid physical exhaustion, along with the psychological symptoms characteristic of the disease.

Symptoms:

• Loss of appetite
• Constant feeling of thirst
• Weight loss
• Sleep problems
• Thought Process Disorders
• Lethargy of consciousness
• Decreased libido
• Headaches, dizziness
• Bouts of nausea

The syndrome may appear after past illnesses, after surgery, injuries, severe stress, intoxication of the body. Therapy is to identify the underlying cause of the disease. Patients are advised to review the daily regimen, eliminate stressful and irritating factors. The doctor prescribes a complex of medications, as a rule, these are tranquilizers, antidepressants and sedatives. A prerequisite for recovery is the creation of favorable psychological conditions that will support mental health at an appropriate level.

Chronic asthenia

Chronic asthenic condition is a pathology that requires serious attention and medical care. As a rule, a defect appears in the presence of factors such as:

• Somatic, mental, endocrine, infectious, chronic and any other diseases.
• Postponed operations, regular heavy loads and stressful situations, improper rest and sleep patterns, duration of medication use.
• Damage to the immune system by viruses and other bacterial microorganisms that penetrate into various bodies and systems, changing the structure of cells.

All of the above reasons lead to the fact that there is a feeling of fatigue and weakness that do not go away after sleep and proper rest. The thing is that most people are carriers of viruses, but the pathological syndrome develops only in those who have a weakened immune system.

The symptomatology of the disease is similar to its other forms. First of all, it is unreasonable weakness, fatigue, irritability, depression, headaches and dizziness, ailments in the absence of physical exertion, muscle pain, loss of concentration.

Pathology is diagnosed in the presence of several symptoms at the same time. Treatment is long and begins with the identification of the underlying cause. Further therapy consists of regular physical activity, which must be performed regardless of health or mood. It is necessary to properly organize the daily routine, that is, work and rest. Do not forget about good nutrition, minimizing stressful situations and nervous shocks.

Muscular asthenia

Muscular asthenic syndrome manifests itself as fatigue, reduced endurance. With its progression, it becomes impossible to perform any actions with the help of muscles. The patient feels a decrease in the strength that is needed for normal work. Often the disease appears as a result of a stroke or with muscular dystrophy. Nervous exhaustion causes symptoms that manifest as chronic fatigue.

The patient complains of sleep problems, depression, exacerbation of chronic diseases of the cardiovascular system. The mechanism of pathology lies in the lack of energy necessary for the functioning of the muscular system. The main reasons: sedentary lifestyle, aging, infectious diseases, pregnancy, exacerbation of chronic diseases, diabetes, damage to the cardiovascular system, anemia. In addition to muscle weakness, there is increased anxiety, apathy, chronic pain. In some cases, admission medications leads to the development of the syndrome.

General asthenia

Asthenia of the general type is impotence, weakness and increased fatigue, pathologically affecting the functioning of all systems and organs. The psychopathological state is manifested by irritability, low mood, headaches, sleep problems and other vegetative-somatic symptoms.

To date, there are two types of general psychopathological disorder:

• Hypersthenic - intolerance to loud sounds, light, irritability, irritability, sleep disturbances.
• Hypostenic - the threshold of excitability is significantly reduced, lethargy, daytime sleepiness, weakness, fatigue are observed.

The main symptoms of malaise are causeless weakness, progressive fatigue, decreased performance, headaches, muscle weakness, and sleep disorders. The main principle of treatment is symptomatic complex therapy. The patient is prescribed drugs that increase the immune system, normalize sleep and improve mental activity.

Prolonged asthenia

The long course of asthenic syndrome is characterized by the progression and aggravation of adverse symptoms. The disease requires medical attention and serious diagnosis. As a rule, a long-term psychopathological disorder goes through three stages, each of which is characterized by an increase in pathological signs. So, mild headaches and causeless fatigue in the first stage turn into systematic pains of a squeezing nature, the inability to concentrate and do the usual work.

Depending on the provoking factor, that is, the root cause of the disease, the patient may suffer from irritability, irascibility, muscle weakness, depression, sleep disturbances, loss of appetite, temperature fluctuations, exacerbation of chronic diseases. The treatment is long, since it is necessary to establish the cause and eliminate it, carry out symptomatic therapy of the above symptoms and restore the normal functioning of the body after the violation.

Mixed asthenia

The mixed type of asthenic syndrome is most often found in patients young age during the period of hormonal changes. Pathology is functional disorder, which is based on the pathology of adaptation and neuroendocrine regulation of the organism. The reasons can be both internal and external factors.

The mixed type is clinical picture from cardiac, hypertensive and hypotensive psychopathological disorders. This form has a variety of symptoms. Patients may complain of pain in the heart, frequent headaches, exhaustion, drowsiness, sleep disturbances, dizziness, discomfort in the gastrointestinal tract, sweating, irritability, and much more.

This pathology presents difficulties in the diagnostic process, as it has signs of many diseases. The disease is treated with the help of complex therapy, which is aimed at restoring the autonomic mechanism of the body.

Somatogenic asthenia

A psychopathological disorder of the somatogenic type occurs with debilitating chronic lesions of the endocrine system and internal organs, as well as with injuries and surgical interventions.

In ICD 10, the disease is included in category F06.6 - "Organic emotionally labile (asthenic) disorder caused by a somatic disease." The disease is called organic, symptomatic or secondary asthenia. Symptoms depend on the dynamics of the underlying somatic lesion.

Main symptoms:

• Depletion of mental functions - increased fatigue, drowsiness, weakness, decreased performance.
• Anxiety, irritability, feeling of tension and other emotional-hyperesthetic phenomena.
• Autonomic disorders - tachycardia, high blood pressure, hyperhidrosis.
• Decreased libido, changes in appetite and body weight, absent-mindedness, memory loss.

Therapy involves the elimination of the true cause of the disease. Patients are advised to eat fully, to establish a mode of work and rest, to minimize experiences, nervous breakdowns and stressful situations.

Asthenia in schizophrenia

Very often, schizophrenic disorder is accompanied by various comorbidities, most often it is asthenic syndrome. The pathological condition is characterized by increasing personality changes. Psychological exhaustion, decreased activity and increased mental stress are observed.

The malaise occurs with nervous overstrain and stressful situations. Past viral and infectious diseases, predisposing genetic factors and metabolic disorders are the main causes of the disease. Patients complain of weakness, decreased concentration, memory and performance, mood swings, irritability, causeless fatigue, decreased libido. With its progression, hallucinations (auditory and visual), somatic passivity appear.

The disease has several stages, each of which is characterized by an increase in pathological symptoms. As a rule, treatment is carried out in special clinics. The patient is waiting for a long course of drug therapy, various physiotherapy and a course of recovery.

morning asthenia

Increased fatigue, general weakness and irritability that occur in the morning indicate the development of asthenia. Morning neuropsychic weakness most often occurs with violations of the usual sleep and wakefulness regimen. The reason may be night work, stress, worries, jet lag, recent illnesses, and more.

In order to get rid of unpleasant symptoms, it is recommended to adjust your daily routine, get enough sleep and avoid stressful situations. But if you woke up, and the signs of illness are already making themselves felt, then simple gymnastics will help restore vitality.

• Close your eyes, slowly stretch in bed. This will melt and warm up. muscular system which will prepare the body for the day's work and fill it with energy. But most importantly, thanks to simple sipping, the hormone of pleasure begins to be produced, which contributes to a good mood.
• Make a couple deep breaths and exhale, hold your breath for a while. Blink your eyes 30-40 times. Using the palm of your hand, rub the bridge of your nose to light feeling heat.
• Clench your hands into fists and unclench, repeat 5-10 times. Relax, alternately tense the muscles of the feet, calves, thighs and buttocks. Pull your knees up to your stomach, wrap your arms around them. Inhale deeply through your nose and exhale.

Agastral asthenia

Asthenic agastric syndrome is a combination of neuropsychiatric and trophic symptoms. The disease appears as a result of a violation metabolic processes and absorption of substances necessary for the normal functioning of the body. Patients experience progressive weight loss, weakness, increased fatigue, and problems with appetite. In addition, hypotrophy of subcutaneous fat and muscles is noted. With a complete diagnosis, it is possible to identify iron deficiency anemia, problems with the immune system.

The disease negatively affects the central nervous system, causing changes in character, anxiety, suspiciousness, irritability and tearfulness. Sleep problems take on a systematic character, against the background of memory loss, headaches, dizziness, fainting spells appear. The patient suffers from thirst, frequent calls to urination, disorders of thermoregulation and fluctuations in body temperature.

Treatment and prevention involves dietary nutrition necessary to provide the body with all the necessary substances. The patient is prescribed a complex of vitamins, amino acids, iron preparations and various psychotropic drugs to restore the nervous system.

Traumatic asthenia

The traumatic form of the asthenic condition occurs as a result of craniocerebral trauma. But there are a number of factors that contribute to the development of the disease, these are alcoholism, intoxication, infectious lesions and vascular disorders. Pathology appears as a result of a degenerative change in the brain tissue. The severity of neuropsychic signs depends on the severity and location of the injury, the age of the patient, and other factors.

Pathologies of the neurological system are expressed as epileptiform seizures, hypertensive syndrome and dynamics disorders cerebrospinal fluid. The patient complains of decreased performance, irritability, emotional lability, vegetative and vestibular disorders, somatic disorders. This symptomatology may appear immediately after injury or after several months or even years.

Treatment involves a gentle lifestyle. Patients are prescribed restorative therapy, various medications to restore and calm the nervous system, drugs to increase the protective properties of the immune system and regular physical activity to maintain tone.

Asthenia after pneumonia

Asthenic syndrome after pneumonia occurs very often. Pneumonia is one of the most common diseases in the diagnosis and treatment of which there are many difficulties. This is due to the variety of pathogens and variants of its course. Besides, wide choose drugs and antibiotics affects the recovery of the body in different ways, causing a number of side effects, including psychopathological ones.

Inflammation of the lung tissue is manifested by various clinical and radiological signs, which requires a long course antibiotic therapy. The disease is caused by autonomic dysfunction and belongs to post-infectious disorders. After the illness, within 2-4 weeks, the patient complains of increased weakness, fever, drowsiness, headaches, loss of strength, increased sweating, decreased performance.

In some cases, errors in drug treatment lead to various pathologies and recurrences of the infection. Therefore, after a course of basic therapy, the patient is prescribed preventive and restorative procedures, that is, massages, vitamin therapy, healthy sleep and rest, a minimum of stress and healthy nutrition. This helps to restore the protective properties of the immune system and has a beneficial effect on the nervous system.

Asthenia with osteochondrosis

Osteochondrosis and a psychopathological condition are similar in their development mechanism, since both diseases cause degenerative processes. With osteochondrosis, dystrophic processes occur in cartilage and bone tissue, as a rule, in the intervertebral discs. Bone blood supply worsens, bone tissues do not absorb calcium, and against the background of such pathological processes various vegetative disturbances occur.

Since osteochondrosis can occur as a result of trauma, infection or chronic physical overstrain, the concomitant asthenic syndrome can be post-infectious, traumatic or chronic.

Symptoms:

• Frequent headaches and dizziness
• Pain in joints and muscles
• Nausea
• Pain in the region of the heart
• Weakness
• Reduced performance
• mood swings
• Temperature fluctuations
• Decreased sexual function

The therapy uses an integrated approach, which involves drug treatment, physiotherapy, reflexology, therapeutic exercises. A healthy sleep, a minimum of stress and a good diet rich in vitamins and minerals are mandatory.

spring asthenia

Seasonal exhaustion of the body or spring asthenic condition is a problem that occurs due to a deficiency of minerals and vitamins, a sedentary lifestyle, frequent stress and nervous breakdowns, and an irregular working day. The syndrome is accompanied by a painful condition, fatigue, decreased performance, sleep problems, irritability.

Main features:

• Anxiety
• Increased nervous excitability
• Loss of strength and weakness
• apathy
• Headaches and dizziness
• Confusion, difficulty concentrating

Since most often the disease occurs due to a lack of vitamins, it is necessary to replenish the supply of nutrients in the body. For this, pharmacy vitamin-mineral complexes are suitable, which are rich in vitamins C, groups B and A. Despite the fact that the disorder causes increased weakness, it is not recommended to lie at home for days on end. IN medicinal purposes 1-2 hour walk in the fresh air is perfect. This will eliminate the lack of oxygen in the blood and improve blood circulation. Particular attention must be paid to nutrition. The diet should contain fresh vegetables and fruits, natural juices and helpful herbal decoctions. Do not forget about proper sleep and rest.

The main cause of asthenia in this case is the flu. How can this syndrome be overcome?

It is possible to judge the appearance of this condition only if there are such symptoms:

• fatigue.
• Excessive irritability.
• Sleep disturbance.
• Decreased memory, concentration and performance.

Neurologists note the main cause of this disease in violation of metabolism in the brain, which is observed after various somatic diseases.

Headache, fatigue and increased fatigue are observed in a person after suffering the flu. Fatigue becomes not only physical, but also neuropsychic. These symptoms appear without any exertion, and fatigue does not go away even after proper rest or sleep.

Violation of protein metabolism also affects the work of the central nervous system. The level of ammonia rises, due to which the activity of the transmission of nerve impulses decreases and the regulation of energy metabolism is disrupted.

Causes of asthenia

Asthenia may be preceded by many factors. Depletion of organs after various ailments is quite normal, which provokes asthenia. The main causes of asthenic syndrome are:

• Infectious diseases.
• Physical exercise.
• Mental stress.
• Emotional loads.
• Mental loads.
• The wrong mode of the day, that is, a combination of rest and work.
• Irregular and improper nutrition.

Neurasthenia is called an ailment that arose as a result of strong emotional experiences. This violation can occur before the manifestation of another disease of the body. It either accompanies a central disease, or occurs after a person has been ill.

Asthenia can manifest itself in various symptoms, which largely depends on the causes of its occurrence. The main symptoms by which it can be identified are:

1. Pain in the back, heart, abdomen.
2. Frequent heartbeat.
3. Increased sweating.
4. Decreased sex drive.
5. Increased sense of fear.
6. Sensitivity to light and sound.
7. Weight loss.

Common causes of asthenia are infectious diseases, which include bronchitis or influenza. Depending on individual characteristics, asthenia may prevail either in a state of irritation or in a state of rapid fatigue.

Often, asthenia is accompanied by increased fatigue. It can be eliminated with the help of a doctor who will first conduct a diagnosis to identify concomitant signs:

• Headache.
• Irritability.
• Dizziness.
• Digestive disorders: heartburn, belching, feeling of heaviness in the stomach, loss of appetite.

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Features of the development of asthenia

Each asthenic syndrome is accompanied by its own developmental features. It all depends on the factors that caused asthenia. If we talk about the flu, then a person with asthenic syndrome becomes irritable, fussy, his temperature rises slightly, and his capacity decreases. Post-influenza asthenia lasts for a long time, sometimes up to a month.

There is a tendency to increase asthenic conditions after flu or colds. Experts explain this by the fact that before the onset of these diseases, people experience asthenic syndrome, caused, for example, by nervous experiences or physical overwork. Thus, asthenia contributes to the occurrence of influenza, colds and other diseases, and then manifests itself again, but after recovery.

Asthenia is the main ailment of modern man. This is due to the way of life that everyone is forced to lead if they want to succeed, achieve something and become successful person. The individual is constantly in working condition, not allowing himself to fully relax and even recover.

Asthenia does not go away on its own, it constantly develops if you do not deal with its elimination. First, a person feels tired, then he feels a breakdown. Finally, now there are thoughts that it's time to relax. However, even this does not happen, because a person does not allow himself to sleep for a long time and gain strength. As soon as the state of health has improved, the person believes that he has already recovered. He again starts work, not completely getting rid of asthenia. The main factors are perceived as secondary, which allows the disease to calmly and gradually develop.

Untreated asthenia and strenuous work lead to even more fatigue. Here a person is already really thinking about rest. However, if he allows inertia to take over, then he begins to work through force. Now asthenia is gaining momentum, it is becoming progressive.

Soon there is apathy, which is accompanied by headaches. There is no more strength and energy, a person works forcedly, through willpower. All this leads to depression.

What are the ways to overcome asthenia?

Talking about asthenia, by and large it refers to tension, fatigue, fatigue and weakness. These symptoms can be alleviated different ways, which give energy, pleasure, moral satisfaction, peace or relaxation. What are the ways to overcome asthenia?

Let's consider some of them:

1. Avoid alcoholic drinks and strong coffee. These drinks stimulate the nervous system.
2. Engage in physical exercises that do not exhaust, but bring pleasure.
3. Take a contrast shower, especially before bed.
4. Swim, not necessarily in a big rhythm. The main thing is to enjoy the process.
5. Sleep fully. This helps the brain to be more saturated with useful elements. Special medications that a doctor can prescribe will also help here.
6. Eat well. The work of the brain improves protein foods: legumes, meat, soy. Liver products and eggs (vitamin B), cheese, turkey, banana, cereal bread (they contain tryptophan). These products contribute to the production of special hormones: methionine, choline, serotonin, norepinephrine. These food substances help brain activity, which contributes to the rapid elimination of forgetfulness and absent-mindedness. Positive emotions are formed.
7. Consume vitamin C. Ascorbic acid becomes important during the period after recovery from an illness. There are many vitamins in food. Iron, magnesium, manganese, phosphorus, calcium and other elements should also be added here.
8. Take vitamin complexes. There is no need to talk about the benefits of a specific group of vitamins. You should eat foods that fill the body with various vitamins. These are: vegetables, currants, sea buckthorn, wild rose, bananas, kiwi, pears, apples. From them you can make low-fat yogurts, salads, fruit drinks.
9. Take adaptogens. They become useful if after the flu there is constant fatigue, indifference, and blood pressure decreases. Adaptogens include leuzea, ginseng, pantocrine, which are added to your favorite drinks, but not to alcoholic ones.
10. Make decoctions of herbs. If insomnia develops after the flu, then before going to bed you should use decoctions of herbs: hops, geranium, valerian. If there is no desire to make a decoction, then you can apply essential oil of lavender, oregano, etc. to the pillow. Another method for insomnia can be pouring cold water on your feet before going to bed.
11. Observe the regime of going to bed and getting up. If you always go to bed and wake up at the same time, then the body will get used to the regimen and will feel good at the time when you need to wake up.

If necessary, before going to bed, you should take a shower at a pleasant temperature for yourself.

You should rest more often, especially after recovering from the flu or another illness. At other times, you should not overload yourself with excessive work so as not to reduce immunity and defensive forces body, making it weak before infections.

Forecast

Asthenia, or in other words - weakness, is always felt after an illness. Depending on the gravity and the duration of the illness, a person also recovers strength for a long time. The prognosis is comforting if a person allows himself to recover, gain strength, rest after an illness that can be compared with work.

Asthenia does not affect life expectancy. It affects general well-being man and on the strength of his immune system. If a person does not give himself proper rest, does not restore strength and does not calm his nervous system, then his immunity becomes weak. And this is fertile ground for the penetration of viruses and bacteria to provoke a new disease.

It is not surprising that people after one illness quickly fall ill again. It is generally accepted that immunity is "hardened" after the fight against the first infection. In fact, he is exhausted, since he directed all his strength and resources to recovery.

Asthenia after infectious diseases: what to do?

In acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI), catarrhal symptoms are often replaced by an asthenic condition, which is characterized by weakness, adynamia, complete indifference to the environment and loved ones. Asthenic syndrome can be due to various diseases, including those that occur after respiratory infections. The significance of asthenia after ARVI for clinical practice is confirmed by the fact that in the International Classification of Diseases of the 10th revision, G93.3 syndrome is separately identified - fatigue syndrome after a viral infection. Appeal about asthenic symptom high and reaches 64%. The presence of asthenic disorders in children contributes to a deterioration in the quality of life, difficulties in adaptation in preschool and school institutions, learning disorders, decreased communicative activity, problems in interpersonal interactions and tension in family relationships.

When we talk about asthenia after ARVI, we are talking about reactive asthenia, which occurs in initially healthy individuals as a result of stress adaptation under stress, as well as in the period of convalescence. The most susceptible to asthenic reactions are children with reduced adaptive capabilities of the body. The causes of asthenic syndrome are very diverse. Along with asthenia due to physiological and psycho-emotional causes, asthenia associated with convalescence after infectious diseases, injuries and operations is distinguished.

The leading pathogenetic mechanism of asthenia is associated with dysfunction of the reticular formation, which regulates the activity of the cortex and subcortical structures and is the "energy center" of the central nervous system (CNS), which is responsible for active wakefulness. Other mechanisms for the development of asthenia are autointoxication by metabolic products, dysregulation of the production and use of energy resources at the cellular level. Metabolic disorders that occur with asthenia lead to hypoxia, acidosis, followed by a violation of the processes of formation and use of energy.

Post-infectious asthenovegetative disorders can have both somatic manifestations (impaired thermoregulation, respiratory, vestibular, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal disorders) and emotional-behavioral disorders (fatigue, emotional lability, hyperesthesia, sleep disorders). It is important to remember that the clinical manifestations of asthenovegetative syndrome can be a "mask" for the debut of organic pathology. Treatment of asthenia largely depends on the factors that caused it and the clinical manifestations. There are 3 main directions in the treatment strategy:

1. etiopathogenetic therapy;
2. non-specific general strengthening, immunocorrective therapy;
3. symptomatic therapy.

An important component of the treatment of asthenia is the observance of the daily regimen, exposure to fresh air, physical exercise, balanced diet.

Considering the leading role of dysfunction of the reticular formation in the development of asthenia, the neurospecific S100 protein isolated from nervous tissue is of great interest. This protein is synthesized and localized exclusively in CNS cells and is extremely important for their normal functioning, since it performs neurotrophic functions, regulates calcium homeostasis in CNS cells, and is involved in the regulation of synaptic transmission. It has been experimentally established that the release-active forms of antibodies to the S100 protein have a fairly wide spectrum of psychotropic, neurotropic and vegetative modulating activity.

Due to the fact that Tenoten contains antibodies to the S100 protein in a release-active form, it modifies its functional activity of the S100 protein itself.

The study of the dynamics of asthenovegetative manifestations after infectious diseases in children against the background of Tenoten (E.V. Mikhailov, Saratov State Medical University) showed that the drug eliminates the manifestations of asthenia, improves autonomic homeostasis, reduces anxiety in children, improves mood, facilitates learning processes and stabilizes general condition (Fig. 1).

Dynamics of asthenovegetative manifestations after infectious diseases against the background of Tenoten for children (E.V. Mikhailov, Saratov State Medical University)

A comparative randomized study led by M.Yu. Galaktionova at the Krasnoyarsk State Medical University included 60 children and adolescents aged 11 to 15 years with a clinically and instrumentally confirmed diagnosis of "vegetative dysfunction syndrome" of a permanent paroxysmal course. The main group received Tenoten 1 tablet 3 times a day, the comparison group - a course of traditional basic treatment, including nootropic and vegetotropic drugs, sedatives and, in some cases, antipsychotics. The results are presented in fig. 2.

Dynamics of symptoms in children while taking the drug Tenoten for children (M.Yu. Galaktionova, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University)

At the end of the course of treatment, the majority of examined patients in both groups showed a decrease in the number and intensity of asthenoneurotic complaints, a decrease in the severity of pain syndrome (headaches, cardialgia, abdominal pain). At the same time, in 80% of patients of the main group, positive dynamics was observed already by the end of the 2nd week from the start of treatment (on the 10–14th day). Improvement in the psycho-emotional background, the disappearance of anxiety, a significant increase in working capacity, concentration of attention and normalization of sleep were noted by the 14–17th day in 73.3% of the patients of the main group, which indicated nootropic effect Tenoten's actions. At the same time, the dynamics of the described clinical symptoms in patients of the comparison group was noted only in 43.3% of cases at the time of discharge from the hospital.

In the study by A.P. Rachin, while taking Tenoten, there was an improvement in concentration and productivity of attention compared to the control group.

As an antioxidant agent for asthenic syndrome, it is possible to use course Coenzyme Q10, a vitamin-like substance that is directly involved in the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate, antioxidant protection and promotes the restoration of other antioxidants (vitamin E). It is important to remember that omega-3 fatty acids, the main dietary source of which are fish and some plant products, have a significant neurometabolic effect.

Thus, only programmatic treatment of asthenovegetative syndrome, including minimization of risk factors, correction of autonomic dysfunction, immune imbalance (for frequently ill children), and sanitation of foci of infection will make it possible to cope with this pathological condition and prevent its development in the future.

Treatment of asthenia after influenza

Symptoms of postviral asthenia

The very word "asthenia" literally means "weakness". Asthenia may have various reasons. Asthenic syndrome after the flu is a violation of well-being, provoked by the activity of the virus. The more severe the disease, the more pronounced its manifestations.

Usually, asthenia after the flu is accompanied by the following symptoms:

• lethargy;
• irritability, mood swings;
• apathy (unwillingness to do anything);
• fast fatiguability;
• sleep disturbance;
• recurrent headaches;
• dizziness;
• loss of appetite;
• constipation;
• deterioration of the skin and hair.

Often people attribute this condition to fatigue, hypovitaminosis, a bad day, etc. But if you recently had the flu, this is probably the reason.

Causes of asthenia after influenza

The main reasons for the development of post-viral asthenia:

• consequences of intoxication;
• side effects of drugs;
• fluid loss;
• lack of vitamins;
• weakening of the immune system by a viral infection.

Once in the body, the virus disrupts many biochemical processes. Changes affect first the respiratory organs, then the circulatory system (for example, the influenza virus is able to reduce the rate of blood clotting). Particles of viruses, products of their vital activity, destroyed epithelial cells etc. cause intoxication, i.e., poisoning of the body. Especially strongly intoxication affects the work of the nervous system.

With severe intoxication, convulsions, hallucinations, vomiting are possible in the acute period of the disease.

The consequences of exposure to toxins on the brain are felt for a long time after the victory of the body over the virus. That is why the head may hurt, the quality of sleep, the ability to concentrate, etc., may deteriorate.

Side effects of the drugs used also contribute to the development of asthenia. For example, high doses of interferon are known to have toxic effect. Abuse of antipyretic drugs adversely affects circulatory system, liver and kidneys. If antibiotics were used to combat the complications of influenza, there is a risk of developing dysbacteriosis during the recovery period.

What to do?

How can you help your body recover from an infection? In most cases, it is enough to adjust the daily routine, diet, and some habits. It is necessary to ensure the intake of vitamins and nutrients with food, you can also take tableted vitamin-mineral complexes. However, in some cases, asthenia is so severe that it requires medical attention and special treatment.

Good Habits

To begin, consider good habits, which will help restore the balance of power and overcome the exhaustion of the body without resorting to medication.

First of all, it's food. Food must contain a large number of vitamins, and at the same time, be easy on the intestines. The diet should include foods such as:

• fresh vegetables and fruits;
• lean meat and fish;
• dairy products;
• a variety of drinks - juices, teas with herbs and fruits, mineral waters;
• greenery;
• cereal porridge.

An equally important role is played by the regime of the day.

It is necessary to allocate a sufficient number of hours for sleep and rest. Sleep in a ventilated room with a comfortable temperature. It's good to take a walk before bed.

To improve mood and speed up metabolism, there is nothing better than physical activity. Priority should be given aerobic exercise. This is gymnastics, running, swimming. Even an ordinary walk on foot will positively affect brain function, gastrointestinal tract and the vascular system.

medical treatment

In severe cases, asthenia after influenza requires treatment. Almost all patients with similar symptoms are prescribed vitamins, minerals, as well as biologically active additives - extracts of ginseng, eleutherococcus, magnolia vine. Echinacea tincture has an immunostimulating effect. Patients with dysbacteriosis are prescribed a course of lactobacilli. With a decrease in memory, anxiety, mood swings, sedatives are prescribed, for example, Glycine. In addition to medications, physiotherapy procedures are used.

Similar symptoms

Feeling unwell after a viral infection can speak not only about asthenic syndrome. Similar symptoms may indicate pathologies such as:

• hypovitaminosis - lack of vitamins, more often observed in winter and early spring;
• sluggish infection that arose as a complication of SARS;
• neuroinfection - inflammation of the nervous tissue caused by the entry of a virus or bacteria into the spinal cord or brain; accompanied by fever, headaches, dizziness;
• chronic fatigue is the result of constant stress at work or at home, lack of proper rest, etc.

Since many complications of viral infections are more dangerous than the primary disease, it is better to consult a doctor if suspicious symptoms appear, especially if you have recently had a severe acute respiratory infection.

Asthenia

Asthenia (asthenic syndrome) is a gradually developing psychopathological disorder that accompanies many diseases of the body. Asthenia is manifested by fatigue, a decrease in mental and physical performance, sleep disturbances, increased irritability, or vice versa, lethargy, emotional instability, autonomic disorders. To identify asthenia allows a thorough questioning of the patient, the study of his psycho-emotional and mnestic sphere. A complete diagnostic examination is also necessary to identify the underlying disease that caused asthenia. Asthenia is treated by selecting the optimal working regime and a rational diet, using adaptogens, neuroprotectors and psychotropic drugs (neuroleptics, antidepressants).

Asthenia

Asthenia is undoubtedly the most common syndrome in medicine. It accompanies many infections (SARS, influenza, food poisoning, viral hepatitis, tuberculosis, etc.), somatic diseases (acute and chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer 12p. intestines, enterocolitis, pneumonia, arrhythmia, hypertension, glomerulonephritis, neurocirculatory dystonia, etc.), psychopathological conditions, postpartum, post-traumatic and postoperative period. For this reason, asthenia is faced by specialists in almost any field: gastroenterology, cardiology, neurology, surgery, traumatology, psychiatry. Asthenia may be the first sign of an incipient disease, accompany its peak, or be observed during the period of convalescence.

Asthenia should be distinguished from ordinary fatigue, which occurs after excessive physical or mental stress, change of time zones or climate, non-compliance with the regime of work and rest. In contrast to physiological fatigue, asthenia develops gradually, persists for a long time (months and years), does not go away after a good rest and needs medical intervention.

Reasons for the development of asthenia

According to many authors, asthenia is based on overstrain and exhaustion of higher nervous activity. The immediate cause of asthenia may be insufficient intake of nutrients, excessive energy expenditure or metabolic disorders. Any factors leading to the depletion of the body can potentiate the development of asthenia: acute and chronic diseases, intoxications, poor nutrition, mental disorders, mental and physical overload, chronic stress, etc.

Asthenia classification

Due to the occurrence in clinical practice allocated organic and functional asthenia. Organic asthenia occurs in 45% of cases and is associated with the patient's chronic somatic diseases or progressive organic pathology. In neurology, organic asthenia accompanies infectious organic lesions of the brain (encephalitis, abscess, tumor), severe traumatic brain injuries, demyelinating diseases (multiple encephalomyelitis, multiple sclerosis), vascular disorders(chronic cerebral ischemia, hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke), degenerative processes (Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, senile chorea). Functional asthenia accounts for 55% of cases and is a temporary reversible condition. Functional asthenia is also called reactive, because in fact it is a reaction of the body to stressful situation, physical fatigue or an acute illness.

By etiological factor isolated somatogenic, post-traumatic, postpartum, post-infectious asthenia.

According to the features of clinical manifestations, asthenia is divided into hyper- and hyposthenic forms. Hypersthenic asthenia is accompanied by increased sensory excitability, due to which the patient is irritable and does not tolerate loud sounds, noise, bright light. Hyposthenic asthenia, on the contrary, is characterized by a decrease in susceptibility to external stimuli, which leads to lethargy and drowsiness of the patient. Hypersthenic asthenia is a milder form and, with an increase in asthenic syndrome, it can turn into hyposthenic asthenia.

Depending on the duration of the existence of asthenic syndrome, asthenia is classified into acute and chronic. Acute asthenia is usually functional. It develops after severe stress, transferred acute illness(bronchitis, pneumonia, pyelonephritis, gastritis) or infections (measles, influenza, rubella, infectious mononucleosis, dysentery). Chronic asthenia is characterized by a long course and is often organic. Chronic functional asthenia refers to chronic fatigue syndrome.

Separately, asthenia associated with the depletion of higher nervous activity is distinguished - neurasthenia.

Clinical manifestations of asthenia

The symptom complex characteristic of asthenia includes 3 components: own clinical manifestations of asthenia; disorders associated with the underlying pathological condition; disorders caused by the psychological reaction of the patient to the disease. Manifestations of the asthenic syndrome itself are often absent or weakly expressed in the morning, appear and increase during the day. IN evening time asthenia reaches its maximum manifestation, which forces patients to without fail take a rest before continuing work or moving on to household chores.

Fatigue. The main complaint in asthenia is fatigue. Patients note that they get tired faster than before, and the feeling of fatigue does not disappear even after a long rest. If we are talking about physical labor, then there is a general weakness and unwillingness to do their usual work. In the case of intellectual labor, the situation is much more complicated. Patients complain of difficulty concentrating, memory impairment, decreased attentiveness and quick wits. They note difficulties in formulating their own thoughts and their verbal expression. Patients with asthenia often cannot concentrate on thinking about one specific problem, find it difficult to find words to express any idea, are absent-minded and somewhat slow in making decisions. In order to do the work that was feasible before, they are forced to take breaks, in order to solve the task they are trying to think about it not as a whole, but by breaking it into parts. However, this does not bring the desired results, increases the feeling of fatigue, increases anxiety and causes confidence in one's own intellectual failure.

Psycho-emotional disorders. A decrease in productivity in professional activities causes the emergence of negative psycho-emotional states associated with the patient's attitude to the problem that has arisen. At the same time, patients with asthenia become quick-tempered, tense, picky and irritable, quickly lose their temper. They have sharp mood swings, states of depression or anxiety, extremes in assessing what is happening (unreasonable pessimism or optimism). The aggravation of psycho-emotional disorders characteristic of asthenia can lead to the development of neurasthenia, depressive or hypochondriacal neurosis.

Vegetative disorders. Almost always, asthenia is accompanied by disorders of the autonomic nervous system. These include tachycardia, pulse lability, changes in blood pressure, chilliness or a feeling of heat in the body, generalized or local (palms, armpits or feet) hyperhidrosis, loss of appetite, constipation, pain along the intestines. With asthenia, headaches and a “heavy” head are possible. In men, there is often a decrease in potency.

Sleep disorders. Depending on the form, asthenia may be accompanied by various sleep disorders. Hypersthenic asthenia is characterized by difficulty falling asleep, restless and rich dreams, nocturnal awakenings, waking up early, and feeling overwhelmed after sleep. Some patients develop the feeling that they hardly sleep at night, although in reality this is not the case. Hyposthenic asthenia is characterized by the occurrence of daytime sleepiness. At the same time, problems with falling asleep and poor quality of night sleep persist.

Diagnosis of asthenia

Asthenia itself usually does not cause diagnostic difficulties for a doctor of any profile. In cases where asthenia is a consequence of stress, trauma, illness, or acts as a harbinger of pathological changes beginning in the body, its symptoms are pronounced. If asthenia occurs against the background of an existing disease, then its manifestations may fade into the background and be not so noticeable behind the symptoms of the underlying disease. In such cases, signs of asthenia can be identified by questioning the patient and detailing his complaints. Particular attention should be paid to questions about the patient's mood, sleep status, his attitude to work and other duties, as well as to his own condition. Not every patient with asthenia will be able to tell the doctor about his problems in the field of intellectual activity. Some patients tend to exaggerate existing disorders. To obtain an objective picture, along with a neurological examination, a neurologist needs to conduct a study of the patient's mnestic sphere, assess his emotional state and response to various external signals. In some cases, it is necessary to differentiate asthenia from hypochondriacal neurosis, hypersomnia, and depressive neurosis.

Diagnosis of asthenic syndrome requires a mandatory examination of the patient for the underlying disease, which caused the development of asthenia. For this purpose, additional consultations of a gastroenterologist, cardiologist, gynecologist, pulmonologist, nephrologist, oncologist, traumatologist, endocrinologist, infectious disease specialist and other narrow specialists can be carried out. Mandatory delivery of clinical tests: blood and urine tests, coprograms, determination of blood sugar, biochemical analysis of blood and urine. Diagnosis of infectious diseases is carried out by bacteriological studies and PCR diagnostics. According to the indications, instrumental research methods are prescribed: ultrasound of the abdominal organs, gastroscopy, duodenal sounding, ECG, ultrasound of the heart, fluorography or radiography of the lungs, ultrasound of the kidneys, MRI of the brain, ultrasound of the pelvic organs, etc.

Asthenia treatment

General recommendations for asthenia are reduced to the selection of the optimal mode of work and rest; refusal to contact with various harmful influences, including the use of alcohol; the introduction of health-improving physical activity into the daily routine; compliance with a fortified and appropriate diet for the underlying disease. The best option is a long vacation and a change of scenery: vacation, spa treatment, tourist trip, etc.

Patients with asthenia benefit from foods rich in tryptophan (bananas, turkey meat, cheese, wholemeal bread), vitamin B (liver, eggs) and other vitamins (rose hips, black currants, sea buckthorn, kiwi, strawberries, citrus fruits, apples, raw vegetable salads and fresh fruit juices). A calm working environment and psychological comfort at home are important for patients with asthenia.

Drug treatment of asthenia in general medical practice is reduced to the appointment of adaptogens: ginseng, Rhodiola rosea, Schisandra chinensis, eleutherococcus, pantocrine. In the United States, the practice of treating asthenia with large doses of B vitamins has been adopted. However, this method of therapy is limited in its use by a high percentage of adverse allergic reactions. A number of authors believe that complex vitamin therapy is optimal, including not only vitamins of group B, but also C, PP, as well as microelements involved in their metabolism (zinc, magnesium, calcium). Often, in the treatment of asthenia, nootropics and neuroprotectors are used (ginkgo biloba, piracetam, gamma-aminobutyric acid, cinnarizine + piracetam, picamelon, hopantenic acid). However, their effectiveness in asthenia has not been definitively proven due to the lack of large studies in this area.

In many cases, asthenia requires symptomatic psychotropic treatment, which can only pick narrow specialist: neurologist, psychiatrist or psychotherapist. Thus, antidepressants are prescribed individually for asthenia - serotonin and dopamine reuptake inhibitors, antipsychotics (antipsychotics), procholinergic drugs (salbutiamine).

The success of the treatment of asthenia resulting from any disease largely depends on the effectiveness of the treatment of the latter. If it is possible to cure the underlying disease, then the symptoms of asthenia, as a rule, disappear or are significantly reduced. With a long-term remission of a chronic disease, the manifestations of asthenia accompanying it are also minimized.

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