Questionnaire "Determination of neuropsychic stress" (comrade Nemchin)
A. Volkov, N. Vodopyanova
Introductory remarks
A symptomatic questionnaire was developed to identify the predisposition of military personnel to pathological stress reactions in extreme conditions. Practical experience shows that a significant number of young people do not cope with the adaptation to military and naval service during the first 3-4 months. This is most often manifested in psychosomatic and emotional disorders (pathological stress reactions). The questionnaire allows you to determine the predisposition to pathological stress reactions and neurotic disorders in extreme conditions of military service according to the following symptoms of well-being: psychophysical exhaustion (reduced mental and physical activity), impaired volitional regulation, instability of the emotional background and mood (emotional instability), vegetative instability, impaired sleep, anxiety and fears, a tendency to addiction.
The technique was created on the basis of a clinical and psychological examination of 1,500 healthy servicemen and 133 servicemen who first fell ill with neurosis and neurosis-like conditions in the first year of military service. The age of the examined is 18–35 years. Of the observed signs related to the phenomenology of neuroses, 42 were selected, which were most common in 133 servicemen who fell ill with neurotic disorders as a result of working in extreme conditions of military service. Long-term application of this method has shown high validity and reliability of this technique.
Symptomatic Feeling Questionnaire (SOS)
Instruction: the proposed questionnaire reveals the features of your well-being in a given period of time. You need to unambiguously answer 42 questions: either “yes” or “no”.
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Processing and evaluation of results. Answers "yes" - 1 point, "no" - 0 points. In accordance with the "key", the total scores for each scale and the total number of points scored - the total indicator of neuroticism are calculated.
Up to 15 points. A high level of psychological resistance to extreme conditions, a state of good adaptation.
16–26 points. The average level of psychological resistance to extreme conditions, the state of satisfactory adaptation.
27–42 points. Low stress resistance, high risk of pathological stress reactions and neurotic disorders, a state of maladaptation.
"Key"
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Processing of results and their characteristics. After the subjects fill in the right part of the questionnaire, the points scored are calculated. At the same time, 1 point is awarded for the “+” sign placed against subparagraph A; put against subparagraph B, 2 points are awarded; put against sub-item B, 3 points are awarded. The maximum number of points that the subject can score is 90, the minimum number is 30 points, when the subject denies having any manifestations of neuropsychic stress.
Table 2.1
Characteristics of the three degrees of CNP according to the questionnaire
(7.A. Nemchin)
According to the statistics presented by T. A. Nemchin, according to the sum of the points scored, the NPN index (IN) distinguishes three degrees of NNP and their characteristics (Table 2.1).
IN< 42,5 - the first degree of NNP - the relative safety of the characteristics of the mental and somatic state.
42,6 > IN< 75 - the second degree of NPI - a feeling of recovery, readiness for work and a shift towards sympathicotonia.
IN> 75 - the third degree of NNP - the disorganization of mental activity and a decrease in the productivity of activity.
There are certain differences between men and women at all stages of NPI.
practical work
1.4 Test of neuropsychic stress Nemchin
Purpose: to study the degree of neuropsychic stress.
Description: The questionnaire consists of 30 items, each of which reflects different aspects of neuropsychic stress.
Procedure: the subject is asked to answer 30 questions, choosing the answer that corresponds to his current state.
Instruction: “Please fill in the right part of the form, marking with a sign, plus those lines, the content of which corresponds to the features of your condition at the present time. At the same time, in each block of signs, where 3 variants of the manifestation of the sign are indicated, there can be only one check mark. Blocks must not be skipped.
Subject N.P.
Subject E.E.
Subject N.P. Weak neuropsychic stress is characterized by a slightly pronounced (or not expressed at all) state of discomfort, mental activity of an adequate situation, readiness to act in accordance with the conditions of the situation.
Subject E.E. Weak neuropsychic stress is characterized by a slightly pronounced (or not expressed at all) state of discomfort, mental activity of an adequate situation, readiness to act in accordance with the conditions of the situation.
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Scales: anxiety level
Purpose of the test
The technique is designed to measure the level of anxiety.
Test Description
The questionnaire consists of 50 statements. It can be presented to the subject either as a list or as a set of cards with statements.
Instructions for the test
You are invited to familiarize yourself with a set of statements regarding character traits. If you agree with the statement, answer "Yes", if you do not agree - "No". Do not think for a long time, the first answer that comes to your mind is important.
Test
1. Usually I am calm and it is not easy to get me mad.
2. My nerves are no more upset than other people.
3. I rarely get constipated.
4. I rarely have headaches.
5. I rarely get tired.
6. I almost always feel quite happy.
7. I am confident.
8. I almost never blush.
9. Compared to my friends, I consider myself quite a brave person.
10. I blush no more than others.
11. I rarely have a heartbeat.
12. Usually my hands are quite warm.
13. I am no more shy than others.
14. I lack self-confidence.
15. Sometimes it seems to me that I am good for nothing.
16. I have periods of such anxiety that I cannot sit still.
17. My stomach troubles me a lot.
18. I do not have the courage to endure all the difficulties ahead.
19. I would like to be as happy as others.
20. Sometimes it seems to me that such difficulties are heaped up in front of me that I cannot overcome.
21. I often have nightmares.
22. I notice that my hands begin to tremble when I try to do something.
23. I have extremely restless and interrupted sleep.
24. I am very worried about possible failures.
25. I had to experience fear in those cases when I knew for sure that nothing threatened me.
26. It is difficult for me to concentrate on work or on any task.
27. I work with a lot of pressure.
28. I am easily confused.
29. Almost all the time I feel anxiety about someone or something.
30. I tend to take everything too seriously.
31. I often cry.
32. I am often tormented by bouts of vomiting and nausea.
33. Once a month or more I have an upset stomach.
34. I am often afraid that I am about to blush.
35. It is very difficult for me to focus on anything.
36. My financial situation worries me a lot.
37. Often I think about things that I would not want to talk about with anyone.
38. I had periods when anxiety deprived me of sleep.
39. At times, when I am confused, I sweat a lot, which makes me very embarrassed.
40. Even on cold days, I sweat easily.
41. At times I get so excited that it's hard for me to sleep.
42. I am an easily excitable person.
43. At times I feel completely useless.
44. Sometimes it seems to me that my nerves are very shattered and I'm about to lose my temper.
45. I often find myself worrying about something.
46. I am much more sensitive than most other people.
47. I feel hungry almost all the time.
48. Waiting makes me nervous.
49. Life for me is associated with unusual stress.
50. I am often overcome by despair.
Processing and interpretation of test results
Key to the test
The number of responses of the subject, indicating anxiety, is counted.
Answers " Yes» on statements: 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50.
. Answers " No» for statements: 1, 2, 3.4, 5, 6, 1, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13.
Answers matching the key are valued at 1 point. The points are added together.
Evaluation of test results
. 40-50 points considered as an indicator of a very high level of anxiety,
. 25-40 points indicate a high level of anxiety,
. 15-25 points- about the average (with a tendency to high) level of anxiety,
. 5-15 points- about the average (with a tendency to low) level of anxiety,
. 0-5 points- low level of anxiety.
Sources
Personal scale of manifestations of anxiety (J.Taylor, adaptation by T.A. Nemchina) / Diagnostics of emotional and moral development. Ed. and comp. I.B. Dermanova. - SPb., 2002. S.126-128.Genre: Psychology
Format:PDF
Quality: Scanned pages
Description: The modern era of social development is characterized by two important features. Firstly, this is an unprecedented rate of development of science and production, which has the character of a scientific and technological revolution, and, secondly, the ever-increasing role of man as the main productive force of society in this process.
The humanization of almost all areas of social practice objectively requires a deep development of the main problems of human knowledge, its theoretical and practical aspects. The high dynamism of everyday life and activities of a modern person, the intensification of social ties and communication of people, the need to make responsible decisions in an uncertain situation and lack of time, the increased requirements for competence and efficiency of a person are, in turn, connected with the need not only for a deep study of his personality, character, abilities and other mental characteristics, but also the development of practical measures to increase the potential properties of a person that could fully meet difficult life situations.
These and many other circumstances force a person to quickly and fully adapt and maintain high performance in a constantly changing environment. The urgency of the problem of human adaptation to new conditions is also increasing in connection with the expansion of the ecological range, going into space, mastering previously hard-to-reach areas of the Earth, deploying work on the continental shelf of the World Ocean, tension in international military-political relations, the need to work in unusual, often very difficult , dangerous or in so-called "extreme" conditions. The increased demands on the physical, moral, psychological qualities and abilities of a person in the overwhelming majority not only are not accompanied by any adverse consequences, but, on the contrary, cause the mobilization of the spiritual and physical resources of the individual, ensuring overcoming difficulties. However, in some cases, extreme conditions can become objective causes of a person's special - "stress" - conditions.
At present, it is difficult to find in the specialized literature a word so often used to denote a wide variety of strong experiences and sensations of mental and physical discomfort that a person has in an “extreme” situation, such as the word “stress”. This word has become one of the symbols of the modern way of life, its use has gone far beyond the boundaries of science and is increasingly common in everyday life. At the same time, the concept of "stress" over the past decades has been the object of careful attention and deep interest of representatives of various fields of human science.
The problem of stress is being studied by physiologists, physicians, psychologists, sociologists, philosophers, and yet, it is still very far from being resolved. While the biochemical, physiological, and other biological aspects of stress are now well developed, the most complex section of this problem, the psychology of stress, has not been sufficiently studied. So far, those studies that have as their goal the study of the states of mental adaptation and maladjustment in healthy people - representatives of mass professions, students, mental workers in industrial enterprises, persons from the administrative, economic, managerial apparatus, etc. have not received proper development. It is in these categories that the specifics of daily labor activity are most closely connected with the high demands placed on the neuropsychic sphere. Especially important are the studies of adaptation processes in such a mass category of workers as operators, whose activities, in the conditions of the growth of technical progress, are becoming more and more complex, becoming more responsible and accompanied by a strain of creative forces and abilities.
The problem of intense labor activity is systematically reflected in the materials of the congresses of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, in government resolutions, is highlighted in political and economic documents, and is set as one of the main tasks of the five-year plans. The humanistic task of health care, and in particular mental hygiene and medical psychology, is, on the one hand, to ensure optimal stress in the labor process, its high efficiency, and, on the other hand, to prevent undesirable consequences that may accompany prolonged neuropsychic overstrain. .
The object of this study was healthy people, mainly those who, due to the specifics of their work, are periodically or systematically exposed to extreme factors, especially during periods of a significant increase in the intensity of work, an increase in responsibility for its quality and for mistakes, in conditions of limited time to achieve high results. . The subjects included workers from a number of large industrial facilities in Leningrad - workers in the main professions, employees of the administrative and managerial apparatus, designers, engineers, students of higher educational institutions, university teachers. As a "sample", "training group", or a kind of model of neuropsychic stress of the highest degree, a group of neurotic patients with clinically distinct signs of stress, emotional disorders, anxiety, fear was used.
The general objectives of the study were to clarify the phenomenology of neuropsychic stress, to study the shifts that occur at different levels of the neuropsychic and somatic organization of a person, to study the causes and mechanisms of neuropsychic stress.
The questionnaire is a list of signs of neuro-
mental stress, compiled according to clinical
psychological observation, and contains 30 main characteristics of this condition, divided into three degrees of severity. The study is carried out individually in a separate, well
illuminated and isolated from extraneous sounds and noises.
Instruction: "Depending on the answer you choose, the content of which corresponds to the characteristics of your condition at the present time, put the letter A, B or C next to the number of each item of the questionnaire."
Questionnaire text:
Presence of physical discomfort:
a) the complete absence of any unpleasant physical sensations;
b) there are minor discomforts that do not interfere with work,
c) a large number of unpleasant physical sensations that seriously interfere with work.
Presence of pain:
a) complete absence of any pain;
b) pain sensations periodically appear, but quickly disappear and do not interfere with work;
c) there are constant pain sensations that significantly interfere with work.
Temperature sensations:
a) the absence of any changes in the sensation of body temperature;
b) a feeling of warmth, an increase in body temperature;
c) a feeling of coldness of the body, limbs, a feeling of "chills",
State of muscle tone:
a) normal muscle tone;
b) a moderate increase in muscle tone, a feeling of some muscle tension;
c) significant muscle tension, twitching of individual muscles of the face, neck, arm (tics, tremor);
Movement coordination:
a) normal coordination of movements;
b) increasing the accuracy, ease, coordination of movements during writing, other work;
c) decrease in the accuracy of movements, impaired coordination, deterioration of handwriting, difficulty in performing small movements that require high accuracy.
The state of physical activity in general:
a) normal physical activity;
b) increase in motor activity, increase in speed and energy of movements;
c) a sharp increase in motor activity, the inability to sit in one place, fussiness, the desire to walk, change the position of the body.
Feelings from the cardiovascular system:
a) the absence of any unpleasant sensations from the heart;
b) a feeling of increased cardiac activity that does not interfere with work,
c) the presence of unpleasant sensations from the heart - increased heart rate, a feeling of constriction in the region of the heart, tingling, pain in the heart.
Gastrointestinal manifestations:
a) the absence of any discomfort in the abdomen;
b) single, quickly passing and not interfering with work sensations in the abdomen - suction in the epigastric region, a feeling of slight hunger, periodic "rumbling";
c) severe discomfort in the abdomen - pain, loss of appetite, nausea, thirst.
Respiratory manifestations:
a) the absence of any sensations;
b) increase in depth and quickening of breathing, not interfering with work;
c) significant changes in breathing - shortness of breath, feeling of insufficiency of inspiration, "lump in the throat".
Manifestations from the excretory system:
a) the absence of any changes;
b) moderate activation of the excretory function - a more frequent desire to use the toilet while fully maintaining the ability to abstain (endure);
c) a sharp increase in the desire to use the toilet, difficulty or even impossibility to endure.
Sweating condition:
a) normal sweating without any changes;
b) moderate increase in sweating;
c) the appearance of profuse "cold" sweat.
Condition of the oral mucosa:
b) moderate increase in salivation;
c) a feeling of dryness in the mouth.
Skin coloration:
a) the usual color of the skin of the face, neck, hands;
b) redness of the skin of the face, neck, hands;
c) blanching of the skin of the face, neck, the appearance of a "marble" (spotted) shade on the skin of the hands.
Susceptibility, sensitivity to external stimuli:
a) the absence of any changes, normal sensitivity;
b) a moderate increase in susceptibility to external stimuli that does not interfere with work;
c) a sharp exacerbation of sensitivity, distractibility, fixation on extraneous stimuli.
Feeling of confidence in yourself, in your abilities:
a) the usual feeling of confidence in one's own strengths, in one's abilities;
b) increasing the feeling of self-confidence, belief in success;
c) a feeling of self-doubt, the expectation of failure, failure.
Mood:
a) normal mood;
b) elated, elevated mood, a feeling of elation, pleasant satisfaction with work or other activities;
c) decreased mood, depression.
Sleep features:
a) normal, ordinary sleep;
b) a good, strong, refreshing sleep the night before;
c) restless, with frequent awakenings and dreams, sleep during the previous several nights, including the day before.
Features of the emotional state in general:
a) the absence of any changes in the sphere of emotions and feelings;
b) a sense of concern, responsibility for the work performed, "excitement", an active desire to act;
c) feeling of fear, panic, despair.
Noise immunity:
a) the normal state without any changes;
b) increase in noise immunity in operation, the ability to work in conditions of noise and other interference;
c) a significant decrease in noise immunity, inability to work with distracting stimuli.
Speech features:
a) ordinary speech;
b) increasing speech activity, increasing the volume of the voice, speeding up speech without deteriorating its quality (logicality, literacy and etc.);
c) speech disorders - the appearance of long pauses, hesitations, an increase in the number of unnecessary words, stuttering, too quiet voice.
General assessment of mental state:
a) the usual state;
b) the state of composure, increased readiness for work, mobilization, high mental tone;
c) a feeling of fatigue, lack of concentration, absent-mindedness, apathy, decreased mental tone.
Memory features:
a) regular memory
b) memory improvement - it is easy to remember what you need;
c) memory impairment.
Attention features:
a) normal attention without any changes;
b) improving the ability to concentrate, distraction from extraneous matters;
c) deterioration of attention, inability to concentrate on business, distractibility.
Wits:
a) ordinary intelligence;
b) increased intelligence, good resourcefulness;
c) decreased intelligence, confusion.
Mental performance:
a) normal mental performance;
b) increase in mental performance;
c) a significant decrease in mental performance, rapid mental fatigue.
Phenomena of mental discomfort:
a) the absence of any unpleasant sensations and experiences from the psyche as a whole;
b) a feeling of mental comfort, an increase in mental activity, or single, mild, quickly passing phenomena that do not interfere with work;
c) pronounced, diverse and numerous mental disorders that seriously interfere with work.
The degree of prevalence (generalization) of signs of stress:
a) single, weakly expressed signs that are not paid attention to;
b) clearly expressed signs of tension, not only not interfering with activity, but, on the contrary, contributing to its productivity;
c) a large number of various unpleasant signs of stress that interfere with work and are observed from various organs and systems of the body.
Voltage state frequency:
a) the feeling of tension almost never develops;
b) some signs of tension develop only in the presence of really difficult situations;
c) signs of tension develop very often and often without sufficient reasons.
Tension State Duration:
a) very short, no more than a few minutes, quickly disappears even before the difficult situation has passed;
b) lasts almost the entire time of being in a difficult situation and performing the necessary work, stops shortly after its completion;
c) a very significant duration of a state of tension that does not stop for a long time after a difficult situation.
The general degree of severity of stress:
a) complete absence or very weak severity;
b) moderately pronounced, distinct signs of tension;
c) pronounced, excessive stress.
Processing of the methodology and interpretation of the result. After filling out the form, the points scored by the test subjects are calculated by summing them up. At the same time, for the “+” mark put by the subject against point “a”, 1 point is awarded, against point “b”
