Why is hypertension dangerous? What is hypertension and why is it dangerous?

Hypertension or arterial hypertension is the same disease that is Lately is becoming more common. The pathology develops as a result of spasm of small vessels and disruption of the blood supply. Doctors believe that the disease is more common among people exposed to stressful situations, intensive use of table salt, and those suffering from overweight. IN initial stages development of the disease does not threaten serious consequences, but if you do not start timely treatment pathology will lead to damage to the tissues of the heart, other organs and systems. Therefore, people suffering high blood pressure, it is important to know what hypertension is, how dangerous the pathology is and what consequences the patient’s inaction may entail.

High blood pressure - what is it?

People suffering from this pathology have experienced the consequences of hypertension. It’s not even worth saying how dangerous and insidious it is. But you still need to say a few words about the effect of the disease on the functioning of systems and organs.

Attention! Scientists have proven that even slight increase blood pressure can lead to dysfunction of target organs, that is, kidneys, eyes, brain. Therefore, people whose blood pressure rises regularly should constantly monitor it, and in case of significant deviations from the norm, contact the clinic for medical help.

Diagnosis and treatment of this disease must only be carried out by a qualified physician. Therapy of the disease is quite complex, since it requires constant monitoring of blood pressure (BP) and the condition of target organs.

Before we talk about whether hypertension is dangerous and why, it is important to know how to human body blood pressure is regulated. Not in vessels constant pressure– its regulation is carried out by systole and diastole. Due to the systolic contraction of the main organ - the heart - blood is released in a circle. The intensity and amount of blood flow depends on the force with which the release occurred. Diastolic pressure, known to everyone as lower pressure, depends on elasticity vascular walls and the level of their blockage with cholesterol plaques. There is a close connection between diastole and systole - pressure indicators depend on the coherence of their work.

The bulbar system, which is located in the brain, controls the contractions of the heart and blood vessels. Its main mechanisms are humoral and neurogenic elements. The connection between them depends on how harmoniously the parasympathetic and sympathetic nerve fibers interact with each other.

Attention! Active contractions of the heart occur due to stressful situations, overweight bodies, and in turn lead to excitement sympathetic system and to narrowing blood vessels.

Also hard work heart disease is observed in people with birth defects organ. To prevent the development arterial hypertension recommend sedatives herbal preparations. Why hypertension is dangerous for the heart is not a simple question, since there is simply no single answer. For example, heart rate may increase due to blockade by adrenal hormones. This situation is quite dangerous because it leads to the release of hormones produced by the adrenal glands - adrenaline and norepinephrine. Their release leads to the development of tachycardia, increased vascular tone, minute release of blood.

Dangerous consequences

There is no need to tell you why hypertension is dangerous. It is enough to know what changes in the body can occur under the influence of high blood pressure. Often the disease leads to the following pathologies:

visual impairment, blindness, narrowing retina;
left ventricular hypertrophy;
the appearance of protein and red blood cells in the urine;
varicose veins of the legs;
heart failure;
memory problems;
impaired blood supply to the brain;
dementia;
dissecting aortic aneurysm;
encephalopathy.

According to statistics, hypertension, which occurs with complications from the heart, blood vessels and brain, is extremely dangerous condition. It is these pathologies that cause deaths.

Fact! Medicine claims that the consequences of hypertension for humans, unlike tuberculosis, oncological diseases, immunodeficiency and other dangerous pathologies are many times more dangerous.

Effect on target organs

Recognize initial signs illness is not at all difficult. It is enough to pay attention to the behavior of your own body. You should not ignore symptoms such as headache, dizziness, fatigue, weakness in the arms and legs, shortness of breath with minor exertion, weakening of memory. The regular occurrence of symptoms signals that something wrong is going on with the body. In this case, it is necessary to measure twice a day arterial pressure, recording the results, based on which the doctor can prescribe the correct treatment.

Nervous system changes

It is worth remembering that as a result of high blood pressure, when the disease becomes chronic course, there may be a risk of damage to cerebral vessels. This is due to the fact that sharp jumps pressure accelerates the blood flow transported by blood vessels. At the same time, under pressure blood flow The walls of blood vessels dilate. With irregular and short-term exposure to blood pressure, the vascular walls are quickly restored, but when chronic course pathology does not occur. As a result, the vessels lose their elasticity and protection, which threatens a stroke.

Why does vision suffer?

When blood pressure increases, large vessels dilate, which perform the function of pumping a large volume of blood. Small vessels are not involved in this process. They become “unemployed,” so to speak, and gradually become sclerotic.

The human eye consists of many tiny vessels. When the disease develops, they do not receive adequate nutrition Therefore, there is a reduction, thinning, and destruction of capillaries. This condition is fraught pathological changes optic nerve, and they are irreversible and complete loss of vision is possible.

Fact! About 70% of patients with hypertension suffer from eye diseases!

Can the heart be damaged?

Arterial hypertension negatively affects work of cardio-vascular system. Hypertension can lead to coronary disease heart - a pathology characterized by irreversible changes in the underlying muscle of the heart. Let's say more: in some cases, there is a death of certain parts of it, and this is a direct path to a heart attack.

Important! The development of the disease leads to overstrain of the vascular walls, through high pressure blood flow, as a result of which the vessels lose their strength and elasticity. This condition can cause the formation atherosclerotic plaques on their walls.

Source http://gipertonia03.ru/chem-opasna-gipertoniya.html

Man is a creature of high physical organization. All its organs and systems are in close relationship and interaction with each other. The rupture of one link in the chain of connections certainly leads to disruptions in the functioning of the entire organism as a whole.

Nature and evolution provide some duplication mechanisms. For example, when a blood vessel is blocked cholesterol plaque, the blood flow does not stop, but finds bypass routes for the affected vessel.

Unfortunately, hypertension does not provide such “indulgences” for the body. Increase in blood pressure by permanent basis inevitably leads to disruption of the functioning of many organs and the body as a whole.

All information on the site is for informational purposes only and is NOT a guide to action!
Can give you an ACCURATE DIAGNOSIS only DOCTOR!
We kindly ask you NOT to self-medicate, but make an appointment with a specialist!
Health to you and your loved ones!

Medical statistics say that the consequences hypertension for humans is much more dangerous than the likelihood of the consequences of many other dangerous diseases, such as oncology, tuberculosis or immunodeficiency.

The fact is that the onset of hypertension is practically asymptomatic. Hypertension is diagnosed at late stages, with destruction mechanisms already running.

Warning signs

There are a number of signs that may indicate the onset of hypertension. You need to be careful about your health.

You should immediately suspect something is wrong if you experience fatigue, causeless headaches, or dizziness. The next stage may be weakness in the limbs, shortness of breath even with minor physical exertion, and weakening of memory.

What to do when the first symptoms appear? The main thing is to start monitoring your blood pressure levels. You need to measure it 2 – 3 times a day for a week. Based on the measurement results, it is already possible to identify the dynamics of blood pressure behavior. With these statistics, you need to consult a doctor for consultation and, if necessary, he will prescribe treatment.

It is very important to know that incipient hypertension can sometimes be “slowed down” by the following measures:

changing your diet (avoiding salty and fatty foods);
refusal bad habits(smoking and alcohol abuse);
increase physical activity(at least up to 30 minutes a day);
getting rid of extra pounds;
leading a measured lifestyle, without stress and nervous overstrain.

Nervous system

Hypertension is a disease associated with increased blood pressure. Why is hypertension dangerous? If the disease becomes chronic, the risk of cerebral vascular damage increases sharply.

This occurs because with a sharp increase in pressure, the speed of blood flow passing through a unit of blood vessel per unit of time increases. Obviously, the increased flow increases the pressure on the walls of the vessel and, thereby, expands it.

If the exposure is short and irregular, then the walls have time to recover. But if the process is chronic, as is the case with hypertension, then the vessels become less protected from increased blood pressure inside them.

The initial stage of hypertension is characterized by frequent headaches, dizziness, and nausea. Subsequently, in the absence of treatment aimed at stabilizing the pressure, an intravascular catastrophe - a stroke - may occur. This is a blockage of blood vessels by a blood clot or a “breakage” of a vessel, causing hemorrhage.

Why is hypertension dangerous for internal organs?

Medical research over several decades has shown that hypertension has a destructive effect on the entire body as a whole and some of its organs in particular. Why is hypertension dangerous? Damage to the so-called “target organs”. Without proper treatment, the damage process can become irreversible.

The most frequent consequences hypertension:

hypertrophy (excessive enlargement) of the heart ventricles;
rupture of fundus vessels;
kidney damage;
dysfunction of the reproductive system;
diabetes;
pancreatitis;
pathology of cerebral vessels.

Vision problems

During a sharp increase in blood pressure large vessels expand to allow the increased volume of blood to be pumped. Small vessels, on the contrary, remain “out of use” and therefore become sclerotic over time.

The human eye is literally “entwined” with a network of tiny capillary vessels. If they do not receive enough nutrition, they contract, the walls become thinner, and the capillaries are destroyed. As a result, the pathological process leads to changes in optic nerve. These changes are irreversible and can lead to complete loss of vision.

More than 70% of patients with hypertension have eye diseases.

You can find a description of the symptoms of a hypertensive crisis in another article.

Depending on the type of damage to the fundus, several pathologies are distinguished:

Impotence

The functional structure of the penis in men is such that its saturation with blood occurs unevenly over time.

The physiology of sexual intercourse is based on the filling of the corpora cavernosa of the penis with blood (erection) and its subsequent outflow. Thus, the volume of filling of the veins supplying the genitals is not constant.

With increased pressure, the walls of blood vessels become inelastic and blood movement becomes more difficult. And during sexual arousal, the vessels are no longer able to ensure proper filling of the penis with blood, i.e., problems with erection arise.

Coronary heart disease is a serious disease that leads to irreversible changes in the heart muscle, up to the death of some of its parts (infarction). Arterial hypertension plays a huge role in the occurrence of ischemia (lack of oxygen in tissues and organs).

With hypertension, the walls of blood vessels are overstrained under the influence of blood flow and increased pressure and become less durable. This can lead (if certain prerequisites are present) to the appearance of atherosclerotic plaques on them.

The capacity of blood vessels decreases. In addition, the narrowed lumen can become clogged with blood clots. In those areas of the vessels where the walls are least strong, aneurysms (protrusions) are likely to occur. And this can lead to internal bleeding and death.

Acute renal failure

There is a direct connection between arterial hypertension and impaired renal function. Moreover, this connection is circular. The kidneys are both possible reason the occurrence of hypertension, and the target it affects.

Primary hypertension is often a consequence of kidney failure. The problem is insufficient excretion of water and sodium salts from the body by the kidneys.

Due to the resulting hypertension, the lumen of the blood vessels that deliver blood to the kidneys narrows. Deterioration of blood supply leads to the death of working kidney cells (nephrons), which provokes even more serious violation removal of salts and water (due to a decrease in the total filtering surface).

The pathological process leads to an increase in circulating blood volume and, accordingly, pressure.

You will find a description of renovascular hypertension here.

We will describe the list of symptoms of hypertension in another article on the site.

To prove this theory, studies were conducted on rats back in 1975. Thus, an experimental animal that does not suffer from high blood pressure was transplanted with the kidney of a rat with hypertension. As a result, the initially healthy rodent's blood pressure became elevated.

The negative impact of arterial hypertension on the functioning of internal organs is difficult to overestimate. The earlier treatment for hypertension is started, the less destructive impact it can have on internal organs human body.

Source http://serdce.hvatit-bolet.ru/chem-opasna-gipertonija.html

Hypertension in chronic form is dangerous due to an uncontrolled increase in blood pressure and rupture of blood vessels. The result will be a cerebral hemorrhage, stroke or heart attack. High blood pressure impairs vision and functional work major organs and brain.

Risk factors

To understand why hypertension is dangerous, you need to know that before going into chronic stage it goes through three stages of development. Each of them has its own pressure indicators.

The severity of hypertension is as follows:

At high numbers systolic pressure at the third stage, the vessels are forced to resist intensely as the force of the cardiac impulse increases to push blood into the vessels. Diastolic pressure increases to maintain the strength of blood flow between heart muscle impulses, provided that the vessel wall has good elasticity. Some unfavorable conditions and habits contribute to the gradual development of hypertension due to a persistent increase in pressure.

With a predisposition to hypertension (hereditary), permeability increases cell membranes. The balance of pressor (intravascular) and depressor mechanisms will be disturbed if other risk factors are added:

smoking and alcohol;
stress, frustration, depression;
obesity, high level insulin;
physical inactivity;
gender and age.

If fat is deposited on the walls of blood vessels, they become denser, thicker, and blood clots form in them. This is why the lumen of blood vessels decreases and microcirculation in organs and tissues important for human life is disrupted.

At daily use Alcohol-containing drinks can increase blood pressure significantly, and hypertension can move from the first degree to the third. When smoking components tobacco smoke cause vascular spasms. Nicotine, tars and carcinogens mechanically damage the walls of blood vessels, and atherosclerotic plaques form at the site of damage.

Daily stay in under stress promotes wear and tear of blood vessels and the transition of high blood pressure to the chronic stage. Many adrenaline junkies get not only the “pleasure” of racing cars, jumping from bridges on ropes and other extreme sports, but also the stress hormone, which sharply increases blood pressure.

If the vascular condition is unfavorable, any stress can lead to hypertensive crisis, since adrenaline has an adverse effect on the heart. It begins to contract frequently and eject large portions of blood, correspondingly increasing the pressure above normal.

Direct complications of hypertension or dangerous diseases due to its cause (heart or kidney failure, heart attack or stroke) lead to the death of 50% of hypertensive patients.

At sedentary In life, hypertension occurs much earlier by 30-50% than in active people. An untrained heart will not have the strength to cope with increased loads with a slow metabolism. With the help of adequate physical activity it's easier for him to deal with stressful situation. Physical inactivity weakens the nervous system and the functioning of the body.

U fat people pressure increases due to the abundance of animal fats, salty foods and “sofa” life in the diet. For every extra kilogram of weight, the readings on the tonometer increase by 2 mmHg. Art., atherosclerosis develops.

A vicious circle is created: cholesterol impairs the elasticity of blood vessels, atherosclerotic plaques narrow their lumen, and the work of the heart becomes difficult. Arterial hypertension also provokes the development of arterial sclerosis. With excess salt ( dietary sodium) arteries spasm, fluid is retained in the body, which develops this dangerous disease.

The male population aged 35-50 years is more susceptible to developing arterial hypertension. Women suffer from blood pressure more during menopause. In older people, the numbers on the tonometer are always higher.

Good rest (with an established daily routine and peaceful sleep) promotes spontaneous reduction in pressure. Relaxation exercises will help reduce it.

Dangerous conditions

Arterial hypertension causes diseases:

hypertrophy (excessive enlargement) of the ventricles of the heart;
damage to blood vessels of the fundus and brain;
diabetes mellitus, kidney diseases, pancreatitis;
sexual dysfunctions

At stages 2-3, blood vessels wear out and are destroyed, this leads to fatal dangerous complications from the heart, kidneys, vision, brain. And also to morphological changes: atherosclerosis of the aorta and arteries, myocardial hypertrophy, nephrosclerosis, heart failure, stroke and heart attack.

During the development of hypertension, arterial plaques form in large vessels. They break off and completely clog small vessels.

As a result of hypertension, the heart works harder to overcome the increased resistance of stiff blood vessels. Therefore, left ventricular hypertrophy develops and diastolic relaxation of the myocardium is disrupted, its blood supply deteriorates, arrhythmias and long-term hypertension occur. If even one artery is blocked, blood transport to part of the heart muscle will stop, which leads to the development of myocardial infarction. If its nutrition is disrupted, angina pectoris develops.

High blood pressure also negatively affects the kidneys, which are involved in regulating blood pressure. Gradually, the blood supply to the kidneys deteriorates, their functions are disrupted: damaged tiny vessels inside the organ reduce its filtering ability. Therefore, in the kidneys and urine ( bladder) sand and stones accumulate. When waste products are removed abnormally, they enter the bloodstream. Therefore, patients require periodic dialysis and blood purification. Kidney failure occurs when hypertension occurs against the background of diabetes mellitus.

If left untreated, the lumen of blood vessels narrows, blood supply and transportation of fresh oxygen to the brain deteriorate. Therefore, disculatory encephalopathy and stroke develop.

In men, it is possible to develop a progressive form of impotence due to a narrowing of the channel supplying blood to the penis. It must be constantly supplied with blood, and the narrow channel prevents active blood flow, so the reproductive function gradually atrophies.

Visual impairment

What is the danger of increased blood pressure, if we consider the degrees of the disease:

Source http://cardiograf.com/gipertenziya/bolezn/chem-opasna-gipertoniya.html

On May 17, Russia celebrates World Hypertension Day. Is 120 over 80 still considered the norm, is it true that coffee should be excluded as a cause of high blood pressure, and is it possible to recover from fluctuating blood pressure once and for all? A doctor answered these questions on radio Echo of Moscow in Barnaul highest category, cardiologist Diagnostic center Altai Territory Sergey Ivanov.

Hypertension is chronic illness, characterized increased level blood pressure. Until recently, it was considered higher than 140 to 90. Although last year, American doctors lowered the bar to 130 to 80. It is this bar that many Russian doctors take as a basis today.

The usual indicators of 120 to 80 still remain the norm.

Arterial hypertension is dangerous due to its hidden course. Patients often turn to a doctor when organs and systems are already affected due to many years of high blood pressure.

“Hypertension is the No. 1 killer of all cardiovascular diseases. Mortality from it over the past 25 years has increased from 98 to 107 people per 100 thousand population. This is noticeable growth. Only 50% of patients are treated effectively, and only 10% achieve the target blood pressure level, that is, below 130 over 80. This is three times lower than in Europe and the USA. Russia ranks third in prevalence after Ukraine and Poland, we have 37%. That is, every third person is sick,” the doctor said.

According to experts, by 2030 several “epidemics” are expected: there will be twice as many patients with heart failure, arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus.

As for the Altai Territory, the disease is widespread, but not critical. Altai is a rural region, and hypertension is the province of large industrial cities.

Hypertensive patients can be identified by appearance, says Sergei Ivanov. Excess weight (10 kg excess weight equal to 4 units of elevated pressure), wide rib cage, short neck and arms. Hypertension is very likely in patients with diabetes, men over 45 years of age, women over 65 years of age.

Fast food lovers, leading sedentary image life, smokers. Turns out, great importance has a dream. According to Sergei Ivanov, sleeping less than six hours is the same risk factor as smoking.

“In my practice there were many such cases: young people came fat girls with high blood pressure, who were initially treated with medication, but then they lost weight, and some’ blood pressure returned to normal on its own,” said the doctor.

Arterial hypertension is easily diagnosed at a doctor's appointment. It is enough to measure your blood pressure in a couple of visits. Yes, and at home it can be “diagnosed” if the pressure is periodically and correctly measured.

But at the same time, arterial hypertension may not manifest itself in any way. Many patients are ill for several years before they find out about it. And okay, just bad news - you have hypertension. Many already have a whole “bouquet” of diseases of organs and systems caused by hypertension.

“The clinical picture of this disease does not have specific features. Headache, fatigue, tiredness, shortness of breath are not specific symptoms, they occur in a number of other diseases,” explains the cardiologist.

Source http://www.amic.ru/voprosdnya/414257/

Hypertension ( ) is one of the main risk factors for the development of atherosclerosis and, conversely, atherosclerosis is most often the cause of hypertension. The heart has to work with an ever-increasing load. With hypertension, the speed of blood flow accelerates, turbulence increases and the number of destroyed platelets increases, the walls of blood vessels are injured. The heart, brain, and kidneys are especially affected. Thereby high blood pressure increases the likelihood of developing atherosclerosis and brings its dire consequences closer. Moreover hypertension can worsen not only the course of atherosclerosis itself, but also the diseases that it provokes.

In turn, atherosclerosis provokes the development of hypertension. The close interdependence of atherosclerosis and hypertension proven and beyond doubt. Special attention focuses on the effect of hypertension on the development of atherosclerosis coronary arteries women's hearts.

Arises hypertension as a result of a combination hereditary factors and unfavorable external influences: nervous tension, excess body weight, overconsumption salt. In hypertension, there may be various symptoms: rapid heartbeat (tachycardia), sweating, redness of the face, a feeling of pulsation in the head, chills, anxiety, internal tension, spots before the eyes, swelling of the eyelids and puffiness of the face in the morning, swelling of the hands and numbness of the fingers. However, what is very important is hypertension may also be asymptomatic. As doctors say, the presence of hypertension in a person sometimes becomes known in intensive care.

Therefore, every person should measure their blood pressure from time to time. If you suspect atherosclerosis or are already sick, this must be done and done regularly. After all, even a moderate increase in blood pressure increases the risk of stroke and myocardial infarction several times in the future.

To know for sure whether you have hypertension. you need to purchase a tonometer - a special device for measuring blood pressure in order to measure it in a calm environment. The fact is that some particularly sensitive patients react with increased blood pressure even to visiting a doctor. Of course, in this case it is quite difficult to understand how things really are.

Ideal blood pressure is 120/70. Readings 130/80 World organization health (WHO) considers how upper limit norms, but if your blood pressure goes beyond 140/90 at least 2-3 times at rest, you already need treatment. I note in passing that the pressure should not fall below 100/60. Hypotension also does not add to a person’s health.

Unfortunately, our society does not pay enough attention to the problem of hypertension. Many women consider high blood pressure to be a necessary evil and do not see a doctor until they begin to faint when the pressure goes beyond 220. This is extremely dangerous. Remember that hypertension is not only harmful in itself, but also increases the risk of developing many diseases, in particular atherosclerosis.

In the case of a stable increase in blood pressure, be sure to consult a doctor who will prescribe the appropriate treatment.

Will lower blood pressure in 3 minutes, eliminate headaches, dizziness, and unpleasant symptoms caused by exposure to radiation mobile phone or computer.

ALL ABOUT HYPERTENSION

Why is high blood pressure dangerous?

Nowadays, cardiovascular diseases occupy the first place among the causes of mortality. Untreated or insufficiently treated arterial hypertension is a major risk factor for the development of such serious complications, like a stroke (acute and transient disorder cerebral circulation), myocardial infarction, heart failure. In addition, arterial hypertension can contribute to the development of chronic renal failure and aggravate the course of existing kidney diseases. In older people, high blood pressure contributes to the appearance and worsening of memory disorders and impairment of intellectual functions. However, isolated systolic hypertension is often more dangerous than simultaneous increase systolic and diastolic blood pressure.

In 68 out of 100 cases of myocardial infarction and in 75 out of 100 cases of stroke, patients had elevated blood pressure, which remained untreated or undertreated for a long time (that is, did not reach normal). Consequently, untreated hypertension shortens life!

It has been proven that a decrease in blood pressure even by 3 mm Hg. Art. can reduce mortality from stroke by 8% and reduce mortality from coronary heart disease by 3%. Proper hylotensive therapy can reduce the risk of stroke by 35%, including recurrent (in the first 4 years) by 28%, coronary heart disease - by 20% and total risk cardiovascular complications- by 25%.

Does the risk of developing complications of arterial hypertension depend on its type and the level of increase in blood pressure?

Yes, it depends. The higher the blood pressure, the higher the risk of developing all the complications of arterial hypertension: stroke, myocardial infarction, heart failure, kidney damage. However, remember that the likelihood of developing these dangerous complications directly and equally depends on the level of both systolic (“upper”) and diastolic (“lower”) blood pressure. At the same time, in people of both middle age and over 65 years of age, the increase in systolic blood pressure is more than 141 mm Hg. Art. plays more important role in the prognosis of complications than diastolic. Increase in blood pressure for each subsequent 20/10 mm Hg. Art. from 115/75 mm Hg. Art. doubles the risk of cardiovascular complications in people 40-70 years old.

However, you should be aware that there are other factors that determine the likelihood of complications in patients with hypertension. There are a lot of these factors, but among them there are two groups - unmodifiable (unchangeable) and modifiable (changeable). This division is associated with the impossibility or possibility of fighting them.

Why is hypertension dangerous?

Hypertension is a disease that leads to increased blood pressure, caused by dysregulation of vascular tone and heart function and not associated with organic diseases any organs or systems of the body. Let's imagine how ours works circulatory system: in the center is the heart, it is a pump, with each contraction of which blood is pushed through the system of arteries. Blood pressure indicates the pressure under which blood flows through the arteries.

The amount of pressure depends on 3 main factors: the amount of blood in the system; the force with which the heart pump operates; tone of arterial walls. Healthy heart pumps 5 liters of blood every minute, and this continues uninterrupted throughout a person’s life.

Arterial hypertension is the most common human disease. For many years, the disease, often silently, damages the heart and blood vessels and if not carried out in a timely manner and qualified treatment, it manifests itself with a heart attack, stroke, angina pectoris, weakness of the heart muscle with the development of heart failure, blindness, renal failure. Sharp increase blood pressure can cause a hypertensive crisis.

The main complaints of patients are headaches associated with increased pressure, usually localized in the occipital region, sometimes appearing in the morning, after sleep. Pain in the heart area, palpitations, nausea, difficulty breathing, flushing of the face, shortness of breath during exercise, insomnia, decreased memory and vision are also observed.

The cause may be acute or prolonged emotional stress. Functional dysfunctions contribute to the development of hypertension endocrine glands, smoking, eating large quantity table salt; professions that require great responsibility and increased attention, insufficient sleep, central injuries nervous system, genetic predisposition.

Typically, one in five adults has high blood pressure, only half of them know they have hypertension, and only half of them take medications prescribed by their doctor regularly.

It is necessary to regularly check your blood pressure; if you detect high blood pressure, be sure to consult a doctor and strictly follow his instructions!

It is an erroneous point of view that it is necessary to reduce blood pressure only if it increases significantly, accompanied by a deterioration in well-being.

Convince those you love and who are dear to you,

the need to control blood pressure!

Hypertension is chronic illness, which occurs as a result of spasm of the walls of small vessels and impaired blood supply. The causes of the condition have not been clarified, but doctors consider the main etiological factor illnesses frequent stress, overweight and intensive consumption of table salt.

On initial stages pathology, a slight increase in pressure is formed in small vessels, which does not lead to serious clinical symptoms.

Hypertension is the historical name for arterial hypertension. The pathology most often develops against the background of atherosclerosis (deposits of cholesterol plaques in blood vessels) and becomes the main cause of mortality in our country.

Hypertension - what is it and how scary is it?

Hypertension is dangerous disease, gradually leading to damage to cardiac tissue.

Clinical studies conducted over 100 years have shown how dangerous high blood pressure is for human life. Experiments have revealed that there is a relationship between blood pressure levels and dementia. Impairments in cognitive functions (thinking and attention) sharply increase in patients over 50 years of age due to hypertension. True, this opinion is subject to debate, since a violation has been identified mental functions in people suffering from hypotension (low blood pressure).

Studies have shown that any deviation from the norm is fraught with damage to target organs (kidneys, eyes, brain). To prevent disturbances in them, you should be careful about your blood pressure levels. Not only measure it with a tonometer, but also undergo periodic neuropsychological testing. Using the latest test, in some European countries it is possible to establish hypertension in the initial stages, when there are no pronounced clinical symptoms.

When describing how terrible hypertension is, you need to pay attention to the damage to target organs during the disease. The most frequent complications arterial hypertension:

Hypertrophy of the ventricles of the heart;
Rupture of fundus vessels;
Damage to the glomeruli of the kidneys;
Diabetes;
Pancreatitis;
Thinking disorders.

Hypertrophy of the heart muscle due to the disease occurs due to the overcrowding of the chambers of the heart with blood. In such a situation, it cannot cope with “pumping” the liquid and expands compensatoryly.

Impaired or loss of vision due to hypertension is observed in most patients. The cause of this condition is the rupture of small capillaries in the retina. The changes are not reversible, so it is better to treat the disease in the early stages.

Nature and evolution provide some duplication mechanisms. For example, when a blood vessel is blocked by a cholesterol plaque, the blood flow does not stop, but finds bypass routes to the affected vessel.

Unfortunately, hypertension does not provide such “indulgences” for the body. An increase in blood pressure on a constant basis inevitably leads to disruption of the functioning of many organs and the body as a whole.

All information on the site is for informational purposes only and is NOT a guide to action!
Can give you an ACCURATE DIAGNOSIS only DOCTOR!
We kindly ask you NOT to self-medicate, but make an appointment with a specialist!
Health to you and your loved ones!

Medical statistics claim that the consequences of hypertension for a person are much more dangerous than the likelihood of the consequences of many other terrible diseases, such as oncology, tuberculosis or immunodeficiency.

The fact is that the onset of hypertension is practically asymptomatic. Hypertension is diagnosed in the later stages, when the mechanisms of destruction have already started.

Warning signs

There are a number of signs that may indicate the onset of hypertension. You need to be careful about your health.

You should immediately suspect something is wrong if you experience fatigue, causeless headaches, or dizziness. The next stage may be weakness in the limbs, shortness of breath even with minor physical exertion, and weakening of memory.

What to do when it appears? The main thing is to start monitoring your blood pressure levels. You need to measure it 2 – 3 times a day for a week. Based on the measurement results, it is already possible to identify the dynamics of blood pressure behavior. With these statistics, you need to consult a doctor for consultation and, if necessary, he will prescribe treatment.

It is very important to know that incipient hypertension can sometimes be “slowed down” by the following measures:

change (refusal of salty and fatty foods);
giving up bad habits (smoking and alcohol abuse);
increasing physical activity (at least up to 30 minutes a day);
getting rid of extra pounds;
leading a measured lifestyle, without stress and nervous tension.

Nervous system

Hypertension is a disease associated with increased blood pressure. Why is hypertension dangerous? If the disease becomes chronic, the risk of cerebral vascular damage increases sharply.

This occurs because with a sharp increase in pressure, the speed of blood flow passing through a unit of blood vessel per unit of time increases. Obviously, the increased flow increases the pressure on the walls of the vessel and, thereby, expands it.

The initial stage of hypertension is characterized by frequent headaches, dizziness, and nausea. Subsequently, in the absence of treatment aimed at stabilizing the pressure, an intravascular catastrophe may occur -. This is a blockage of blood vessels by a blood clot or a “breakage” of a vessel, causing hemorrhage.

Why is hypertension dangerous for internal organs?

The most common consequences of hypertension:

hypertrophy (excessive enlargement) of the heart ventricles;
rupture of fundus vessels;
kidney damage;
dysfunction of the reproductive system;
diabetes;
pancreatitis;
pathology of cerebral vessels.

Vision problems

During a sharp increase in blood pressure, large vessels dilate to allow the increased volume of blood to be “pumped.” Small vessels, on the contrary, remain “out of use” and therefore become sclerotic over time.

The human eye is literally “entwined” with a network of tiny capillary vessels. If they do not receive enough nutrition, they contract, the walls become thinner, and the capillaries are destroyed. As a result, the pathological process leads to changes in the optic nerve. These changes are irreversible and can lead to complete loss of vision.

More than 70% of patients with hypertension have eye diseases.

Depending on the type of damage to the fundus, several pathologies are distinguished:

Impotence

The functional structure of the penis in men is such that its saturation with blood occurs unevenly over time.

The physiology of sexual intercourse is based on the filling of the corpora cavernosa of the penis with blood (erection) and its subsequent outflow. Thus, the volume of filling of the veins supplying the genitals is not constant.

IHD

- a serious disease that leads to irreversible changes in the heart muscle, up to the death of some of its parts (). Arterial hypertension plays a huge role in the occurrence of ischemia (lack of oxygen in tissues and organs).

With hypertension, the walls of blood vessels are overstrained under the influence of blood flow and increased pressure and become less durable. This can lead (if certain prerequisites are present) to the appearance of atherosclerotic plaques on them.

Acute renal failure

There is a direct connection between arterial hypertension and impaired renal function. Moreover, this connection is circular. The kidneys are both a possible cause and target of hypertension.

Primary hypertension is often a consequence of kidney failure. The problem is insufficient excretion of water and sodium salts from the body by the kidneys.

Due to the resulting hypertension, the lumen of the blood vessels that deliver blood to the kidneys narrows. Deterioration of blood supply leads to the death of working kidney cells (nephrons), which provokes an even more serious violation of the excretion of salts and water (due to a decrease in the total filtering surface).

This pathological process leads to an increase in the volume of circulating blood and, accordingly, pressure.

The negative impact of arterial hypertension on the functioning of internal organs is difficult to overestimate. The earlier treatment for hypertension is started, the less destructive impact it can have on the internal organs of the human body.

>>Hypertension is dangerous

In turn, atherosclerosis provokes the development of hypertension. The close interdependence of atherosclerosis and hypertension proven and beyond doubt. Particular attention is paid to the effect of hypertension on the development of atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries of the heart in women.

Arises hypertension as a result of a combination of hereditary factors and unfavorable external influences: nervous strain, excess body weight, excessive salt consumption. With hypertension, various symptoms can be observed: rapid heartbeat (tachycardia), sweating, redness of the face, a feeling of pulsation in the head, chills, anxiety, internal tension, spots before the eyes, swelling of the eyelids and puffiness of the face in the morning, swelling of the hands and numbness of the fingers. However, what is very important is hypertension may also be asymptomatic. As doctors say, the presence of hypertension in a person sometimes becomes known in intensive care.

To know for sure whether you have hypertension, you need to purchase a tonometer - a special device for measuring blood pressure in order to measure it in a calm environment. The fact is that some particularly sensitive patients react with increased blood pressure even to visiting a doctor. Of course, in this case it is quite difficult to understand how things really are.

Ideal blood pressure is 120/70. The World Health Organization (WHO) considers the readings 130/80 to be the upper limit of normal, but if your blood pressure goes beyond 140/90 at least 2-3 times at rest, you already need treatment. Let me note in passing that the pressure should not fall below 100/60. Hypotension also does not add to a person’s health.

In the case of a stable increase in blood pressure, be sure to consult a doctor who will prescribe the appropriate treatment.