Primary secondary and tertiary prevention of dental diseases. Methods for preventing dental diseases

And there is preventive dentistry for gums. What is it? It is called preventive measures to prevent caries and periodontal disease. Preventive direction Dentistry teaches patients how to properly care for their oral cavity, and also helps eliminate the disease at a very early stage of development.

Purpose of preventive measures

The initial stage of preventive measures is aimed at eliminating the conditions and causes of caries. Preventive dentistry is also primary stage increases the body's resistance to adverse factors environment.

At the secondary stage, a set of measures is carried out to prevent relapses and complications of the disease.

At the third stage of prevention, preventive dentistry sets the goal of carrying out rehabilitation measures to preserve tissues and organs (through replacement).

Preventive measures

Careful oral care and personal hygiene.
Use healthy products nutrition.
Conducting fluoridation of drinking water.
Regular visits to the dentist.
Detecting diseases and eliminating them at the earliest stages of development.
Conducting a professional
Timely treatment of caries and periodontal disease.
Prevention of any complications.

Orthopedic preventive dentistry

Orthopedic dentistry solves the following issues:

Finds out the reasons that contribute to the occurrence of various deviations in the structure of the maxillofacial apparatus.
Determines a possible preventive system of measures to prevent the development of certain deviations.

The first direction in orthopedic dentistry is prosthetics. With its help, defects in teeth, as well as entire dentitions, are eliminated.

The next direction of this dentistry is orthodontics. She deals with identifying the causes of anomalies in the structure of taste, as well as its deformations. Orthodontics deals with methods of eliminating such pathologies

Orthopedic dentistry includes maxillofacial orthopedics. She studies clinical manifestations, carries out preventive measures, and corrects various disorders face and jaw shapes. The causes of such disorders may be injuries, surgical interventions, complications of past diseases. Pathological conditions may be congenital, or may be acquired. In general, all orthopedic measures make your smile and teeth look beautiful.

Activities held at the centers

Today, with any problem of the oral cavity, you can contact the center for preventive dentistry. Any of these centers carries out the following preventive work:

Popularizes knowledge on preventive measures for dental diseases among university and college students.
Diagnoses dental caries, periodontal diseases, and lesions of the oral mucosa.
Registers patients using indices and criteria recommended by the World Health Organization.
Implements hygienic and preventive measures to promote the preservation dental health citizens.
Educates patients (teeth brushing methods, control teeth brushing).
Draws up and implements programs of individual preventive measures against dental diseases.
Conducts all kinds of research on protection against oral diseases.
Carries out educational work among people different categories: health workers, kindergarten teachers, school teachers and parents. Therefore, preventive dentistry is very important.

Specialty: dental hygienist

The preventive direction of dentistry led to the opening of a new specialty - dental hygienist. With its advent, the quality of domestic dentistry has reached a new level. Preventive measures have long been considered an integral part of dental care in developed countries. Therefore, the profession of a hygienist is prestigious and promising. Any medical and preventive institution tries to hire such a specialist.

Hygienist - best helper dentist, with his help the number of services provided to the patient increases at a new high level. If necessary, he can assist the doctor to perform services more quickly. Hygienists can take as usual medical institutions, and in resort and sanatorium establishments.

Areas of preventive dentistry

What is the purpose of preventive dentistry? The main thing is the prevention of diseases such as caries, pulpitis, and periodontal deviations. This is a unique set of preventive measures that prevent the accumulation of pathogenic bacteria in the mouth, which contribute to tooth decay and gum disease.

The health of teeth and gums is influenced by external and internal factors:

Internal factors include heredity, age and anatomical features person. External factors- this is the quality of consumed water, food, climatic and soil characteristics.

Based on this, the specialist prescribes the most suitable option for prevention.

Professional teeth cleaning

One of the most effective ways prevention of dental diseases in clinical settings is professional cleaning or mechanical removal of plaque and deposits. No matter how the patient takes care of the oral cavity, there are still places where plaque accumulates, which gradually turns into tartar. Only a dentist can deal with this stone. This type of cleaning is useful not only for teeth, but also for the prevention of gum disease.

Preventive dentistry is aimed at maintaining the health of your teeth. Visit a specialist regularly and your teeth will be in excellent condition!

Submitting your good work to the knowledge base is easy. Use the form below

Students, graduate students, young scientists who use the knowledge base in their studies and work will be very grateful to you.

Epidemiology of dental diseases

Currently carried out experimental and clinical studies confirm the facts of a genetically programmed temporal structure (biorhythm pattern), which is the leading factor in the morphofunctional formation and changes in the body.

Development chronic diseases(which include a number of dental ones) is subject to temporal-rhythmic ordering. For the section of disease prevention, the conceptual foundations of chronomedicine are becoming increasingly important.

Experimental studies and clinical data confirm the fact that the leading factor in the morphofunctional formation and changes in the human body is the outline of biorhythms - a genetically programmed time structure. Literary sources indicate that all spontaneous life processes are subject to temporal-rhythmic order.

Currently, the conceptual foundations of chronobiology and chronomedicine have been formulated. In 2007, at the Problem Commission on Chronobiology and Chronomedicine ( Russian Academy medical sciences) the relevance of their study for practical healthcare, especially for the prevention of diseases of organs and body systems, was noted.

A leading scientist in the field of chronobiology and chronomedicine, G. Hildebrandt, published research data in this area in 1998 and concluded that the increase in the number of chronic “diseases of civilization” is associated with a deviation from natural rhythmic orders.

There are scientific studies on the relationship between race, gender, age, concomitant pathology and the occurrence of multifactorial diseases. Genetic diagnostics allows us to identify a tendency to specific disease long before clinical manifestations. This correlation makes it possible to implement promising directions prevention of multifactorial diseases.

Interesting research was carried out by A. R. Akilzhanova as part of her doctoral dissertation on the need and prospects of molecular genetic approaches to the methodology of organizing the prevention and prediction of multifactorial diseases.

A healthy lifestyle that excludes risk factors for diseases of organs and body systems is relevant not only for general health, but also dental.

Dental caries Scientists consider them to be diseases of civilization. Long-term studies by V. R. Okushko confirm the influence of biorhythms on the seasonal frequency of dental caries. The reality is the phenomenon of sweating of dental fluid depending on the biorhythmological background of the individual. There is no doubt about the seasonal frequency of dental caries.

The acid resistance of tooth enamel depends on the activity of the pulp, which, through the hypothalamus, corrects the periods of resistance of tooth tissue to damage. It has been established that between the period of critical decrease in caries resistance and the first clinical manifestations initial caries lasts from two to four months.

The most pronounced shift in the level of caries resistance is observed in the autumn-winter period. Precaries appears at the end of winter, and from July to September the caries resistance of enamel increases. V. A. Frolov (2007) believes that seasonal fluctuations in the caries resistance of hard dental tissues are associated with the adaptive capabilities of the body, fluctuations in the level of immunity, which increase in the summer.

Dental scientists do not yet fully understand the mechanisms of the physiological component of enamel protection. Steinman R. is successfully working on the problem of chronobiology and chronomedicine in dentistry, who, together with Leonora J., identified a “hormonal axis” in the form of a chain: the hypothalamus-parotid salivary gland-dental fluid. The "hormonal axis" is subordinated biological rhythms and determines caries resistance.

Researchers have established spontaneous fluctuations in the level of functional resistance of enamel in accordance with individual and population biorhythms. Laboratory experimental studies and testing at the population level of a large amount of material have been carried out over a number of years.

Establishing the fact of seasonal fluctuations in enamel caries resistance makes it possible to adjust dental caries prevention measures in accordance with periods of critical decrease in enamel resistance and stabilization of caries resistance. According to a study of the effectiveness of a 10-year program for the prevention of dental caries, taking into account seasonal fluctuations in the physiological acid resistance of enamel, the use of preventive measures at certain periods in accordance with biorhythms is very effective.

The program provides for a large amount of health education with hygiene lessons in groups of preschool educational institutions and junior classes schools Required component program is the sanitation of the oral cavity in accordance with seasonal fluctuations in caries resistance and the degree of caries activity, as recommended by experts from the World Health Organization.

The fissures of the first permanent molars are sealed with composite materials or glass ionomer cement containing fluoride; orthodontic and, if necessary, orthopedic treatment. Dedicated great attention pregnant women undergoing endogenous and exogenous prophylaxis dental caries.

In accordance with the prevention program, it is indicated rational nutrition with limiting sweets and frequency of meals as risk factors for the accumulation of plaque, from the carbohydrates of which acids are formed that damage tooth enamel.

Received positive results increases in the acid resistance of tooth enamel are reliable, since studies of the effectiveness of prevention methods were carried out in accordance with the principles evidence-based medicine(randomized controlled trial).

Leus P. A. (2005) reports that at a meeting of experts of the World Health Organization (Liverpool, 2005) the “WHO Liverpool Declaration on further development dental care in countries for the period up to 2020." The document sets goals and formulates ways to reduce dental diseases.

Planned conducting scientific research on the problem of dental caries, oral mucosa, periodontal disease, development and implementation of programs for the prevention of dental diseases in accordance with the epidemiology of dental diseases in specific regions. It is recommended to integrate population health programs with dental programs and primary health care in the prevention of dental diseases.

In the Republic of Belarus, the National Program for the Prevention of Dental Caries and Periodontal Diseases among the Population is being successfully implemented.

The program regulates the use of three main methods of prevention: 1) high-quality controlled oral hygiene; 2) endogenous (use of food fluoridated salt) and local use fluorine compounds in toothpastes, gels, rinses, fluoride-containing filling materials; 3) nutritious nutrition with limitation of refined carbohydrates and frequency of meals.

Currently, in practical healthcare, the Order of the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Belarus dated May 30, 2011 No. 558 “On the organization dispensary observation adult and children's population at the dentist", which pays attention to the preservation and strengthening of dental health using modern methods diagnosis, treatment and prevention.

Recent publications on the prevention of dental diseases demonstrate high activity dental scientists of the republic in studying the prevalence and intensity of diseases of the teeth and oral cavity, developing methods for their treatment and prevention. We have not found any data in the available literature on recording biorhythms at the individual and population level. The fundamentals of chronobiology and chronomedicine will find a place in the development of dental science.

Terekhova T. N. (2012) believes that due to the fairly high level of dental diseases among the children of our republic, it is important to create a health-saving space in preschool educational institutions, study dental status children, which requires the development of effective health programs.

According to Melnikova E.I., the prevalence of dental caries in children aged two years is 24.9-39.3%, three years- 54.8%, four years - 72.6%, five years - 83.3%, six years - 90.0%.

The Expert Committee of the World Health Organization states the high prevalence of dental diseases in the population throughout the world. Dental diseases determine the state of human health in general.

The literature shows that the influence of anthropogenic environmental pollution on the organs and tissues of the oral cavity determines the high prevalence and intensity of major dental diseases. The intensity of the damage is directly dependent on the level of pollution, the duration of exposure to the body and the degree of adaptation of the body to adverse factors.

A study of the prevalence and intensity of dental caries in children aged seven to eight years from the Admiralteysky, Nevsky and Kronstadt districts of St. Petersburg revealed the dependence of the level of these indicators on the degree of technogenic pollution atmospheric air. These children were born and permanently reside in their areas. Lead, cobalt, manganese and nickel are competitors of calcium, which plays a decisive role in the processes of mineralization, demineralization and remineralization of hard dental tissues.

It has been established that in children of the Nevsky district, where the level of man-made air pollution is the lowest, the amount total calcium V hard tissues teeth and oral fluid of children was the highest. This led to the presence low level prevalence (85.5% of children had teeth affected by caries) and intensity (5.8 teeth on average per child) of dental caries in children in this area compared to children in two other areas.

In children of the Admiralteysky district, the prevalence of dental caries was 87.3%, the intensity was 6.9 teeth, and in children of the industrial, Kronstadt district - 92% and 8.9 teeth, respectively.

The relationship between oral tissue diseases and chronic inflammatory bowel diseases has been studied. In 80 patients with intestinal diseases, a high incidence of recurrent diseases was established. aphthous stomatitis, cheilitis, gingivitis, a decrease was noted local immunity oral cavity, local and general hemodynamics oral mucosa.

According to Nemesh O. M. (2011), “... a whole organism is a hierarchy large quantity functional systems, built on the principle of multi-link simultaneous and sequential interaction, damage to the activity of one of the systems necessarily leads to disruption of the activity of others. Methodologically, pathology can be considered as damage to the structural connections between the systemic levels of the body as an integral system, which manifests itself in dysfunction.”

A number of diseases identified as independent nosological units should be considered diseases of the second or third order.

At different types In combined pathology, the interaction between the processes of damage and compensation is especially complex. The author claims that in 85% of cases a general somatic disease is concomitant and activating pathological process flowing in periodontal tissues.

Ivanov V.S. (2001) lists 32 groups of diseases associated with periodontal damage. Among these diseases there are those that in 100% of cases are accompanied by damage to periodontal tissue. This peptic ulcer stomach and duodenum, diabetes mellitus, urolithiasis, hypo- and avitaminosis C, subacute septic endocarditis etc.

Periodontal diseases most often occur with systemic diseases body, while periodontal pathology is generalized and chronic course. This is especially evident in diseases cardiovascular system, rheumatism, nonspecific diseases lungs, liver and bile ducts, as well as in patients with constitutional exogenous obesity, with endocrine disorders.

Studying the dependence of periodontal diseases on somatic diseases And feedback helps to reveal the mechanisms of disease development and increase the effectiveness of the integrated prevention system, taking into account a number of risk factors: poor nutrition, low physical activity, smoking, drinking alcohol, chemical pollution, noise, vibration, nervous tension, increased radiation.

Kiselnikova L.P. et al. (2012) studied the influence of the intensity of dental caries damage and the hygienic state of the oral cavity on the quality of life of children 3-6 years of age. Dental diseases affect such components of quality of life as physical discomfort, functional disorders, emotional well-being of the child.

Solovyova A. M. (2012) published the results of a round table on the problem “Relationship between dental and general health”: the issue of interconnection and commonality is revealed pathogenetic mechanisms development inflammatory diseases periodontal disease and a number of somatic diseases. Scientists pay great attention to justifying the maintenance of healthy oral tissues in order to reduce the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases such as ischemic disease heart, myocardial infarction, etc.

Amirkhanov T.N. (2011) points out that the level of dental morbidity can be influenced by toxic factors production environment. During a dental examination of people working in the pulp and paper industry and, by the nature of their work, having direct contact with occupational pathogenic factors, the prevalence and intensity of dental caries and diseases of the oral mucosa was 10% higher than among plant workers not in contact with toxic substances.

In the pulp and paper industry pathogenic effect have: sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan, dimethyl sulfide, methanol, turpentine, carbon monoxide, chlorine and paper dust.

Gazhva S.I. (2012) points out that the impact of unfavorable production factors of biological, chemical and physical nature lead to changes in functioning various systems human body.

Among workers at the Sibur-Neftekhim enterprise in contact with chlorine, caustic and chloroorganic compounds, aged 20-29 years, the prevalence of dental caries was 84.3%, the intensity was 12.48 teeth on average per worker. This is significantly higher than the population of their age from this region. By the age of 30-39 years, the prevalence of dental caries increased by 8.85%, the intensity of caries - up to 15.45 teeth.

Among those working at the enterprise for up to 20 years (by the age of 40-55 years), the prevalence of dental caries was 98.45% (for individuals - 99.6%) and the index (caries of removed fillings) increased to 19.3-20. 36 teeth in one examinee. Under the influence chemical factors only 10.18% of those examined had low metabolic activity of oral microorganisms, and 66.9% of those examined had an “explosion” in the metabolic activity of cariogenic bacteria.

Kabirova M. F. (2011) in dissertation research found that workers at petrochemical production in Tatarstan had a high rate of dental caries - an average of 17.7 teeth per worker. The oral mucosa is especially affected (the prevalence of diseases of the oral mucosa was 95.5%), periodontal diseases - 94.5%. An imbalance of local immunity in the oral cavity was detected in 53.3%; less than 40% is an indicator of the absorption reaction of microorganisms by epithelial cells.

Epidemiological studies level of dental morbidity among the population of the Republic of Belarus revealed average degree prevalence and intensity of dental caries and periodontal diseases. Dentists are particularly concerned about high level dental morbidity in children of the republic.

According to E.I. Melnikova (2002), 24.96% of two-year-old children and 54.78% of four-year-old children have carious teeth.

At the age of 12 years, 83.3% of urban and 95.0% of rural children have carious teeth. An important state task is to preserve the health of the population.

Perova E.G. (2010) established a relationship between the degree of impairment of the musculoskeletal system in children and the development of anomalies and deformations of the dental system. If a child has a deep incisal overlap or a distal bite, dentists must refer the child to an orthopedic surgeon to assess the condition of his musculoskeletal system.

In turn, pediatricians and orthopedic doctors are recommended to inform parents and children with scoliosis about the need to consult a child with an orthodontist. Within the framework of national programs for children's health during early medical examination of children and preventive examinations dentists and orthopedists need integrated approach to determine the child’s health level and treatment and preventive recommendations.

Using the experience of implementing dental disease prevention programs in most countries, our country has developed a National Program for the Prevention of Dental Caries and Periodontal Diseases among the Population of the Republic of Belarus (1998). This program regulates the participation in its implementation of dentists, preschool teachers educational institutions, medical personnel of preschool institutions and schools, school teachers, parents, managers of industrial enterprises.

The same document defines three main methods for preventing dental diseases: 1) rational oral hygiene, 2) balanced nutrition; 3) use of fluorine compounds.

In addition to this program, there are health programs, a section of which is the preservation of the dental health of the population.

Prevention of dental diseases includes the whole complex measures aimed at preventing oral problems. To achieve an effect, such actions must be regular.

A smile is business card every person. It is clear that when a person has problems with teeth or gums, he will try to open his mouth less often - against this background, various complexes arise. But besides psychological problems, the condition of the oral cavity also affects the functioning of other organs and systems. That is why the prevention of dental diseases is of particular relevance, the implementation of which will require a set of simple but effective measures.

General information about prevention

What does prevention of dental diseases mean? Here is a set of measures that will prevent diseases that form in the oral cavity.

Such a program may involve the following actions:

The topic could not be more relevant, because today the intensity of caries spread is simply amazing. Statistics show that almost every three-year-old child from Russia has four teeth that are subject to caries to one degree or another. And with age, this figure only increases and will reach one hundred percent in the adult population.

Failure to comply with basic hygiene rules will lead to the fact that after 30 years a person begins to develop periodontal inflammation, which is caused by tartar deposits.

Types of prevention

The entire preventive dental program is divided into general and local types of prevention, which may or may not require the use of medicines.

If in general prevention If the use of drugs is necessary, then a large role is assigned to the complex vitamin supplements with dominance of calcium and fluorine. The duration of each such course is determined by the doctor.
Prevention of dental diseases does not always use medications. In this case, methods such as chewing thoroughly food, oral and dental hygiene. Periodic examination by a dentist cannot be ruled out.
When used in local prophylaxis of drugs, we mean strengthening drugs with increased amount calcium and fluorine. Most often these are gel-like substances and pastes - this will be secondary therapy.

Preventive measures

Prevention in dentistry includes the following methods of educating the population:

Whatever methods are used to convey the above information, it is important to remember that in their practical implementation they must become a habit.

How to learn to eat right

Nutrition plays a huge role in dental health. First, it affects the formation of the tooth before its appearance (eruption), then it affects after eruption. It's very great value has adequate nutrition expectant mother(as the primary task for correct formation fetus), as well as the child’s diet in the first year of his life, when the formation and development of permanent teeth occurs.

For proper diet It is important to follow the following recommendations:

protein foods in sufficient quantities;
the presence of essential amino acids, microelements and vitamin compounds in food;
the role of an established diet;
products containing calcium and fluoride.

But the food rich in carbohydrates, should be excluded - it has a destructive effect on tooth enamel.

Oral hygiene

Many hygiene products have already been invented that are capable of removing deposits located on the tooth surface and gums. Regular use is important here. Plays an important role correct care for teeth. A standard cleaning program is best here.

It's time to talk about basic dental and oral hygiene products.

Toothbrushes - here there are five options for the rigidity of this tool - from very hard to the opposite option. The most popular is the average value.
To remove food debris from the interdental space or plaque from the side surfaces, you can use toothpicks.
Fluxes (or dental floss) play an important role, helping to remove plaque and food debris in places that are usually impossible to clean with a brush.
As for toothpaste, its main task is said to be the removal of soft plaque and food debris. Moreover, such a product should not have an irritating effect, but, on the contrary, be good taste and have mandatory deodorizing effects. Ideally, the toothpaste should be selected individually for each family member (as for children, they should brush their teeth only with those specifically suitable for their age).

Such funds are usually divided into the following groups:

fluorine-containing (used for treatment and prevention purposes);
containing sodium phosphates, sodium gluconate, zinc oxide (anti-carious);
herbal products (containing chamomile, echinacea, sage and similar plants).

Chewing gum can be used to improve oral hygiene (which occurs by increasing salivation).

Dental elixirs are perfect for rinsing your mouth, they will disinfect oral cavity and prevent the formation of dental plaque.

One cannot help but raise a reasonable question: how many times a day should you brush your teeth? Experts say that two times will be enough, but comprehensive prevention must also include rinsing after each meal.

More fluoride

Fluoride products can be classified according to the following points:

It’s worth saying more about the latter. These usually include varnishes containing fluoride and solutions with gels. But if the former form a film adjacent to the enamel, which remains on the teeth for up to several hours and even weeks, then the latter have high concentration fluoride and, due to their remineralizing properties, can be used in the form of applications and rubbing.

Conclusion

In fact, not only doctors of a certain profile should participate in such a mission - it is definitely worth involving psychologists and teachers, especially if the problem concerns the motivation of children. Methods of influence - from play to conversation (depending on age). After classes with children, it is also important to meet with their parents, who will need to be reminded about the rules and features of oral care.

Thus, the active inclusion of public opinion will play a huge role in popularizing the issue of prevention. This program must comply with the axiom that oral care is necessary condition beautiful appearance and human health.

F KSMU 4/3-04/03

Karaganda State Medical University

Department of Dentistry childhood

Lecture on the topic:

Prevention of dental diseases in children - definition, objectives.

Prevention is a system of government, hygienic and medical measures aimed at ensuring a high level of health and preventing diseases. Prevention of dental diseases is just one of the components integrated program integrated system prevention of the main infectious diseases. This is based on the commonality of risk factors that contribute to the occurrence of many diseases. Epidemiological studies of the etiology of chronic infectious diseases (including dental ones) have drawn attention to the fact that risk factors such as smoking, poor nutrition, low physical activity, and alcohol consumption cause cancer, cardiovascular, respiratory, dental and other diseases, therefore, preventive measures must be integrated.

The introduction of these methods is possible at the population, group, and individual levels.

population-based - the use of means and methods that are necessary for all children in a given region and the use of which does not require direct participation pediatric dentist. These are water fluoridation, rational balanced nutrition, SPR and hygiene education, health measures, etc. At this stage, it is necessary to develop stable oral hygiene skills. Parents, educators, methodologists, secondary medical staff, teachers, etc.;
group – carrying out preventive measures by a doctor or with his direct participation in certain groups of children. Group methods of prevention require reflection preventive measures for each group. At the same time, the method of dispensary observation, the formation dispensary groups, appointments prophylactic agents, training in oral hygiene, use of specific and nonspecific prophylaxis;
individual level - a higher level requiring organization, a large investment of time for the doctor and the child, special means, equipment and specialists.

The role of domestic and foreign scientists in the development of a specialty

Among the pre-revolutionary scientists, A.K. Limberg, based on his own observations, proved the need preventive treatment teeth and especially in children. He showed that early treatment leads to a significant reduction in tooth loss in children. In 1918 P.G. Dauge prepared a proposal for organizing dental care. Any comprehensive program for the prevention of dental diseases in children should include all age groups from birth to 14 years 11 months 29 days. Be based on epidemiological research data, have a phased implementation plan at the population, group and individual levels. The possibility of implementation is determined by the level of development of the dental service and the material and technical support of the program. The main method of introducing prevention, and at the individual level, the only one, is medical examination of all children at the dentist.

Until 1970, there were no scientifically based implemented or widespread programs and systems for the prevention of dental diseases in the USSR. 1970 The first official publication “Comprehensive System for the Prevention of Dental Diseases” appeared. For the first time in the history of the country, this document showed the need, important, and some ways to implement the prevention of dental diseases as a system of special measures aimed at improving the health of the oral cavity. For the first time, an attempt was made to comprehensively solve the problem, as well as organized measures for prevention, including with the involvement of other specialists. The role of SPR, oral hygiene, the antenatal period, and fluoride preparations in the prevention of dental diseases was shown. In 1983, the document “ methodological recommendations on the implementation of a comprehensive system for the prevention of dental diseases in organized groups of children.” In 1984 - Order of the USSR Ministry of Health No. 670 “On measures to further improve dental care for the population”, in which the prevention of dental diseases was first given a very high priority important role. In 1985 By order of the Ministry of Health and Education of the Kazakh SSR No. 709/101, the task was given to begin the implementation of the “Comprehensive program for the prevention of dental caries and periodontal diseases” in schools and preschool institutions. In 1986, the USSR Ministry of Health issued guidelines"Organization of prevention of major dental diseases." They were the first to touch upon the problem of preventing dental diseases in terms of organizing, drawing up and implementing prevention programs, showing methods and ways of their development, stages, goals and objectives, and widely used WHO documents and its recommended approaches and methods. In 1988 there was an order of the USSR Ministry of Health No. 830 “On comprehensive program development of dental care in the USSR until 2000.” In the Republic of Kazakhstan the most high performance the introduction of dental disease prevention programs was noted in 1991. For recent years these figures decreased 2.2 times. This is a short historical path of dental prevention programs.

In introducing and improving modern methods, the contribution of E.V. Borovsky, P.A. Leus, G.N. Pakhomov and many other scientists was significant. In Kazakhstan, they also adhere to the methods of clinical examination according to T.F. Vinogradova. Main levels: population and group. Scientific development caries prevention was carried out by A.I. Fefelov, D.L. Korytny, A.A. Kabulbekov, T.K. Mukashev and others; periodontal diseases: D.L. Korytny, L.Ya. Zazulevskaya, T. Pilat, G.A. Umbetaliev, etc.; odontogenic diseases maxillofacial area– T.K.Supiev, A.S.Galyapin, A.Zh.Esimov and others.

A great contribution to the development of such programs was made by: Academician T.Sh. Sharmanov (rational balanced nutrition), professor E.I. Goncharova (terms of prevention of dental diseases depending on the dynamics of growth and development of teeth, height and weight indicators in children), Professor T.K. Supiev (prevention of odontogenic diseases), professor D.N. Dzhumadilaev ( common problems prevention of dental diseases), Associate Professor T.K. Mukashev (prevention of dental diseases at the individual level), associate professor M.A. Aldashev (prevention of dental diseases taking into account environmental factors).

The preventive principle has been and remains fundamental in medicine, the relevance of which is beyond doubt.

Illustrative material:

Presentation

LITERATURE:

Aldasheva M.A. Prevention of major dental diseases in

children. - Almaty, 2004. - 143 p.

Kuryakina N.V., Savelyeva N.A. Preventive dentistry. - Moscow,
Medical book, N. Novgorod. Publishing house NGMA 2005.- 283 p.
Persin L.S. and others. Pediatric dentistry. - M.: Medicine, 2008. – 640 p.
Kuryakina N.V. Children's therapeutic dentistry. – M. – N. Novgorod, 2007– 744 p.
Tuleutaeva S.T., Kaspakova L.A., Moldazhanova A.G. Dentistry courses. - Karaganda, 2007
Sh.Sh. Abralina, G.S. Abylkairova. Balalarda teszheginin damuyn akeletin kauiptі factorlar. Prevention of breastfeeding in most cases. Semey, 2006- 22 b.

Security questions (feedback):