Allergy to Mexidol. What does Mexidol help with and how to use it correctly? You carry out all these manipulations before the ambulance arrives, which you call immediately upon discovery of the pills eaten by the child
Mexidol is an antioxidant agent.
Release form and composition
Mexidol is available in the following dosage forms:
- Film-coated tablets: round, biconvex, pure white or cream-colored (10 pieces in blister packs, 3 or 5 packs in a cardboard box);
- Solution for injection: transparent, colorless or with a slight yellowish tint (2 ml in glass ampoules, 5 ampoules in blister packs, 2, 4, 10 or 20 packs in a cardboard pack; 5 ml in glass ampoules, 5 ampoules in blister packs, in a cardboard pack 1, 4, 10 or 20 packs).
The active ingredient is ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate. Its content:
- 1 tablet – 125 mg;
- 1 ml of solution – 50 mg.
Auxiliary components of the tablets: magnesium stearate, sodium carboxymethylcellulose and lactose monohydrate.
Composition of the tablet coating: opadry II white (polyvinyl alcohol, titanium dioxide, talc and macrogol).
Auxiliary components of the solution: sodium metabisulfite and injection water.
Indications for use
For solution:
- Encephalopathy;
- Traumatic brain injuries and their consequences;
- Acute cerebrovascular accidents;
- Anxiety disorders caused by neurotic and neurosis-like conditions;
- Acute intoxication with antipsychotic drugs;
- Withdrawal syndrome in alcoholism with a predominance of vegetative-vascular and neurosis-like disorders (for relief);
- Acute myocardial infarction (as part of complex therapy, from the first day);
- Acute purulent-inflammatory processes abdominal cavity, such as peritonitis and acute necrotizing pancreatitis (as part of complex therapy);
- Primary open-angle glaucoma (as part of combination therapy).
For tablets:
- Mild traumatic brain injury, as well as the consequences of any traumatic brain injury;
- Autonomic dystonia syndrome;
- Encephalopathies of various origins(dysmetabolic, post-traumatic, dyscirculatory, mixed);
- Mild cognitive disorders of atherosclerotic origin;
- Anxiety disorders in neurotic and neurosis-like conditions;
- Impact of stress (extreme) factors;
- Conditions after acute intoxication antipsychotics;
- Withdrawal syndrome in alcoholism with a predominance of vegetative-vascular and neurosis-like disorders (relief), as well as post-withdrawal disorders;
- Asthenic conditions;
- Coronary heart disease (as one of the drugs in complex therapy);
- Consequences of acute cerebrovascular accidents in the subcompensation phase, incl. after transient ischemic attacks (as preventive courses);
- Prevention of the development of somatic diseases under the influence of extreme stress and other factors.
Contraindications
The use of Mexidol is contraindicated in the following cases:
- Acute renal and/or liver dysfunction;
- Hypersensitivity to the components included in the drug.
Due to insufficient data on effectiveness and safety, the drug is not recommended for use in children, pregnant and breastfeeding women.
Directions for use and dosage
Mexidol solution is intended for intramuscular (IM) and intravenous (IV) jet or drip administration. To prepare the infusion solution, 0.9% sodium chloride solution is used as a solvent.
The drug is administered intravenously: drip - at a rate of 40-60 drops per minute, stream - for 5-7 minutes. The maximum permissible daily dose is 1200 mg.
- Acute intoxication antipsychotic drugs: IV 200-500 mg per day for 7-14 days;
- Traumatic brain injuries and their consequences: intravenous drip at a dose of 200-500 mg 2-4 times a day for 10-15 days;
- Acute cerebrovascular accidents: in the first 10-14 days - intravenous drip at a dose of 200-500 mg 2 to 4 times a day, over the next 2 weeks - intramuscularly at a dose of 200-250 mg 2-3 times a day day;
- Decompensated discirculatory encephalopathy: 200-500 mg intravenously or in a stream 1-2 times a day for 14 days, over the next 2 weeks - 100-250 mg intramuscularly per day;
- Prevention of dyscirculatory encephalopathy: 200-500 mg intramuscularly 2 times a day, course – 10-14 days;
- Mild cognitive impairment in older people and anxiety disorders: IM 100-300 mg per day for 14-30 days;
- Open-angle glaucoma: 100-300 mg IM 1-3 times a day. Duration of treatment – 14 days;
- Withdrawal symptoms alcohol syndrome: IV drip or IM at a dose of 200-500 mg 2-3 times a day for 5-7 days;
- Acute purulent-inflammatory processes of the abdominal cavity: the dose is determined individually depending on the form and severity of the disease, prevalence inflammatory process and clinical course options. Mexidol is discontinued gradually after achieving a stable positive clinical and laboratory effect;
- Acute edematous pancreatitis: IV drip (in sodium chloride solution) and IM 200-500 mg 3 times a day;
- Mild necrotizing pancreatitis: IV drip (in sodium chloride solution) and IM 100-200 mg 3 times a day;
- Moderate necrotizing pancreatitis: intravenous drip (in sodium chloride solution) 200 mg 3 times a day;
- Severe necrotizing pancreatitis: on the first day, a pulse dosage of 800 mg is prescribed, then - 200-500 mg 2 times a day with a gradual decrease in the daily dose;
- An extremely severe form of necrotizing pancreatitis: intravenous drip (in sodium chloride solution), the initial daily dose is 800 mg, after persistent relief of the manifestations of shock and stabilization of the condition - 300-500 mg 2 times a day with a gradual decrease in the daily dose;
- Acute myocardial infarction (in addition to traditional therapy, including beta-blockers, nitrates, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, thrombolytics, antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs, as well as symptomatic drugs according to indications): it is advisable to administer the drug intravenously for the first 5 days to achieve maximum effect, the next 9 days - possible intramuscularly. General course treatment – 14 days. IV administration is carried out by slow drip infusion. Mexidol is diluted in 100-150 ml of 5% dextrose solution or 0.9% sodium chloride solution and administered over 30-90 minutes. If necessary, slow infusion over at least 5 minutes is allowed. The frequency of use of the drug is 3 times a day at intervals of 8 hours. Single dose – 2-3 mg/kg, but not more than 250 mg, daily dose – 6-9 mg/kg, but not more than 800 mg.
Mexidol tablets should be taken orally. Depending on the indications, 125-250 mg is prescribed 3 times a day.
For cupping alcohol withdrawal 5-7 days are enough. In other cases, the duration of treatment is 2-6 weeks. The drug is discontinued gradually, reducing the dose over 2-3 days.
The minimum duration of treatment for coronary heart disease is 1.5-2 months. If prescribed by a doctor, repeated courses can be given (preferably in the spring and autumn).
Side effects
In general, Mexidol is well tolerated. Sometimes there are individual side effects dyspeptic nature. Allergic reactions and drowsiness are possible.
Some patients, especially those with bronchial asthma and those with hypersensitivity to sulfites, are likely to develop severe hypersensitivity reactions.
special instructions
Mexidol is combined with all medications that are traditionally used in the treatment of somatic diseases.
Drug interactions
Ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate enhances the effect of anticonvulsants and antiparkinsonian drugs, anxiolytics, antidepressants, and benzodiazepine derivatives.
Reduces the toxic effect of ethanol.
Terms and conditions of storage
Do not expose to light or moisture. Store at a temperature not exceeding 25 ºС. Keep away from children.
Shelf life – 3 years.
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Solution for intravenous and intramuscular administration 50 mg/ml 5 ml; 50 mg/ml 2 ml;
Analogs
These are drugs belonging to the same pharmaceutical group, which contain different active substances (INN), differ in name, but are used to treat the same diseases.
- - Capsules 0.25 g
- - Substance-powder
- - Solution for intramuscular administration, ampoule 2.2 ml
- - Solution for intramuscular administration 2 ml with scarifier
- - Solution for intravenous administration 5 ml; 10 ml
- - Solution for intravenous and intramuscular administration 5 mg/ml; 30 mg/ml
Indications for use of the drug Mexidol
acute disorders cerebral circulation;
TBI, consequences of TBI;
Encephalopathy;
Autonomic dystonia syndrome;
Mild cognitive disorders of atherosclerotic origin;
Anxiety disorders in neurotic and neurosis-like conditions;
Relief of withdrawal syndrome in alcoholism with a predominance of neurosis-like and vegetative-vascular disorders;
Acute intoxication with antipsychotic drugs;
Acute purulent-inflammatory processes in the abdominal cavity (acute necrotizing pancreatitis, peritonitis) - as part of complex therapy.
Release form of the drug Mexidol
Solution for injection 5% 1 amp.
Mexidol
In ampoules of 2 ml, in a blister pack there are 5 ampoules; in a cardboard pack 2 packs.
Solution for injection 1 amp.
mexidol 50 mg
In ampoules of 2 or 5 ml, in a blister pack 5 ampoules; in a cardboard pack 2 packs.
Pharmacodynamics of the drug Mexidol
Mexidol has antihypoxic, membrane protective, nootropic, anticonvulsant, anxiolytic effects, and increases the body's resistance to stress. The drug increases the body's resistance to the effects of major damaging factors, to oxygen-dependent pathological conditions (shock, hypoxia and ischemia, cerebrovascular accident, intoxication with alcohol and antipsychotic drugs - antipsychotics).
Mexidol improves cerebral metabolism and blood supply to the brain, microcirculation and rheological properties of blood, and reduces platelet aggregation. Stabilizes the membrane structures of blood cells (erythrocytes and platelets) during hemolysis. It has a hypolipidemic effect, reduces the level of total cholesterol and LDL.
Reduces enzymatic toxemia and endogenous intoxication in acute pancreatitis.
The mechanism of action of Mexidol is due to its antihypoxic, antioxidant and membrane protective effects. It inhibits the processes of lipid peroxidation, increases the activity of superoxide oxidase, increases the lipid-protein ratio, reduces the viscosity of the membrane, and increases its fluidity. Modulates the activity of membrane-bound enzymes (calcium-independent phosphodiesterase, adenylate cyclase, acetylcholinesterase), receptor complexes (benzodiazepine, GABA, acetylcholine), which enhances their ability to bind to ligands, helps preserve the structural and functional organization of biomembranes, improves the transport of neurotransmitters and synaptic transmission. Mexidol increases dopamine levels in the brain. Causes an increase in the compensatory activity of aerobic glycolysis and a decrease in the degree of inhibition oxidative processes in the Krebs cycle under hypoxic conditions, with an increase in the content of ATP, creatine phosphate and activation of the energy-synthesizing functions of mitochondria, stabilization of cell membranes.
Pharmacokinetics of the drug Mexidol
When administered intramuscularly, the drug is detected in the blood plasma for 4 hours after administration. Cmax when administered in doses of 400–500 mg is 3.5–4.0 mcg/ml, Tmax is 0.45–0.50 hours. Mexidol quickly passes from the bloodstream into organs and tissues and is quickly eliminated from the body. The drug retention time (MRT) is 0.7–1.3 hours. Mexidol is excreted from the body in the urine, mainly in glucurone-conjugated form and in small quantities unchanged.
Use of the drug Mexidol during pregnancy
Contraindicated during pregnancy. During treatment, breastfeeding should be stopped (adequate and strictly controlled clinical studies of the safety of the drug Mexidol during pregnancy and breastfeeding have not been conducted).
Contraindications to the use of the drug Mexidol
increased individual sensitivity to the drug;
Acute renal impairment;
Acute liver dysfunction.
Strictly controlled clinical studies of the safety of the drug Mexidol in children, pregnancy and breastfeeding have not been conducted.
Side effects of the drug Mexidol
Nausea and dry mouth, drowsiness, and allergic reactions may occur.
Method of administration and dosage of the drug Mexidol
IM or IV (stream or drip). For intravenous administration, water for injection is used as a solvent. Mexidol is administered in a stream over 5–7 minutes, and dropwise at a rate of 60 drops per minute. Doses are selected individually.
Begin treatment with a dose of 0.05–0.1 g 1–3 times a day, gradually increasing the dose until therapeutic effect. The duration of treatment and the choice of individual dose depend on the severity of the patient’s condition and the effectiveness of treatment. The maximum daily dose should not exceed 0.8 g.
For the treatment of atherosclerotic dementia in elderly patients, Mexidol is prescribed intramuscularly at a dose of 0.1–0.3 g/day.
In case of acute intoxication with neuroleptics, the drug is administered into a vein at a dose of 0.5–0.3 g/day.
IN complex treatment For acute purulent-inflammatory processes of the abdominal cavity (acute destructive pancreatitis, peritonitis), Mexidol is prescribed in a single dose of 200 mg 3 times a day. In case of severe disease, the drug is diluted in 200 ml of physiological 0.9% sodium chloride solution and administered at a rate of 40–60 drops per minute. For milder cases of the disease, Mexidol is administered intramuscularly. The course of treatment is 3–10 days.
Overdose of Mexidol
In case of overdose, drowsiness may develop.
Interactions of the drug Mexidol with other drugs
Enhances the effect of benzodiazepine anxiolytics (phenazepam, diazepam), anticonvulsants (carbamazepine) and antiparkinsonian drugs (levodopa). Reduces the toxic effects of ethyl alcohol.
Precautions when taking Mexidol
Patients with blood pressure above 180/100 mmHg, a crisis course of arterial hypertension and severe affective instability require careful monitoring of blood pressure during Mexidol therapy.
Use with caution while working for vehicle drivers and people whose profession involves increased concentration.
Special instructions when taking Mexidol
In some cases, especially in predisposed patients with bronchial asthma with increased sensitivity to sulfites, severe hypersensitivity reactions may develop.
Storage conditions for the drug Mexidol
List B.: In a place protected from light.
Shelf life of the drug Mexidol
The drug Mexidol belongs to the ATX classification:
N Nervous system
N07 Other drugs for the treatment of diseases of the nervous system
N07X Other drugs for the treatment of diseases of the nervous system
An original domestic antihypoxant and direct-acting antioxidant that optimizes the energy supply of cells and increases the body's reserve capabilities
Mexidol main effects, mechanism of action, application
Domestic drug of a new generation
T.A. Voronina
REVIVING THE ENERGY OF LIFE!
NEUROLOGY: acute cerebrovascular accidents (stroke), atherosclerotic disorders of brain function, dyscirculatory encephalopathy.
SURGERY: acute purulent-inflammatory processes of the abdominal cavity (acute destructive pancreatitis, peritonitis).
PSYCHIATRY: relief of withdrawal syndrome with the presence of clinical picture neurosis-like and vegetative-vascular disorders, as well as acute intoxication with neuroleptics
MEXIDOL (ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate)
Dosage form:
- either 400 mg (8 ml) intravenously in drops per 100 ml of isotonic NaCl solution daily for 10-15 days;
- either 200 mg (4 ml) intravenously in 16.0 ml of water for injection or in isotonic sodium chloride solution (16.0 ml) twice a day, for 10-15 days. Then the drug is administered intravenously in a stream of 100 mg (2 ml) per 10.0 ml of isotonic sodium chloride solution, daily, for a course of 10 days. Or 200 mg (4 ml) intramuscularly, daily for 10 days. Subsequently it is recommended oral administration Mexidol 0.125 g three times a day for 4-6 weeks.
- either 200 mg (4 ml) intravenously in a stream of 16.0 ml of physiological NaCl solution (or 16.0 ml of water for injection), daily, for 10-15 days;
- either 200 mg (4 ml) intramuscularly, twice a day, for 10-15 days. Then you can continue treatment with a tablet form of 0.125 g three times a day, for a course of 4-6 weeks. For course prevention of dyscirculatory encephalopathy (compensation phase), Mexidol is recommended to be administered:
- either 100 mg (2 ml) intravenously in a stream of 10.0 ml of physiological NaCl solution, daily for 10 days;
- either 200 mg (4 ml) intramuscularly, daily, for a course of 10 days. Subsequently, it is advisable to take the tablet form, 0.125 g three times a day, for 2-6 weeks (in both cases - with intravenous and intramuscular administration);
- or initially, a course of prophylaxis can be started with the use of a tablet form of 0.125 g three times a day, for at least 4-6 weeks. For vertebrobasilar insufficiency due to osteochondrosis of the cervical spine, Mexidol is used:
- either 400 mg (8 ml) intravenously, in 100 ml of physiological NaCl solution, daily, 10 days;
- either 200 mg (4 ml) intravenously in a bolus in 16.0 ml of isotonic sodium chloride solution, twice a day, for 10 days; Subsequently, intramuscular administration of 200 mg (4 ml) is recommended for 10-15 days. Upon completion of intramuscular injections, switch to oral administration of the drug at 0.125 mg three times a day, for a course of 2-6 weeks.
- either 200 mg (4 ml) of Mexidol is administered intravenously, in 16.0 ml of isotonic sodium chloride solution, for 10 days;
- either 200 mg (4 ml) intramuscularly, twice a day, 10 days. In the future, it is advisable to prescribe the tablet form in the doses described above. IN acute period traumatic brain injury, the prescription of Mexidol is pathogenetically justified, since, in addition to its cerebroprotective properties, its anticonvulsant activity and potentiation of the action of dehydration agents are of great importance. Recommended doses of the drug:
- in the acute period - 200 mg (4 ml) intravenously, per 16.0 ml of isotonic sodium chloride solution, twice a day, 10-15 days;
- V subacute period- 200 mg (4 ml) intravenously in a bolus per 16.0 ml of isotonic sodium chloride solution, daily for 10 days; or 200 mg (4 ml) intramuscularly, twice a day, 10-15 days. During the rehabilitation period, it is recommended to take the tablet form 0.125 g three times a day for 4-6 weeks. The administration of the drug is very effective in the treatment of dysmetabolic, and, first of all, diabetic encephalopolyneuropathies. Mexidol, used for diabetes mellitus, improves the course of the disease itself, and also improves the uptake of glucose by cells in conditions of insulin resistance. It is recommended to administer the drug 200 mg (4 ml) intravenously in a bolus, per 16.0 ml of physiological NaCl solution, twice a day, for 10-15 days. In the future, 100 mg (2 ml) is administered intramuscularly daily for 15-30 days. Upon completion of parenteral administration, switch to tablet form - 0.125 g three times a day, for at least 4-6 weeks. Considering the lack of a direct stimulating effect on the cerebral cortex, and having a pronounced anticonvulsant effect, Mexidol can also be used in the treatment of epilepsy. The drug enhances the effect of anticonvulsants, which allows, when prescribed, to reduce the doses of traditional medications used and, thereby, reduce their side effects. Mexidol is recommended to be administered 100 mg (2 ml) intravenously in a bolus of 18.0 ml of isotonic sodium chloride solution (or in the same amount of water for injection), twice a day, for 15 days. Then the drug is administered intramuscularly at 100 mg (2 ml) daily for 15 days. Degenerative-dystrophic lesions of the central nervous system. Mexidol has a pronounced positive effect in the treatment of chronic neuroleptic syndrome with symptoms of tardive dyskinesia and subacute neuroleptic syndrome. The drug reduces the severity of oral-lingual hyperkinesis, reduces limb tremors, stiffness, hypomimia and hypokinesia, improves motor functions sick. In addition, it potentiates the effect of antiparkinsonian drugs, which makes it possible to reduce the doses of drugs used and reduce their side effects. For the treatment of degenerative-dystrophic lesions of the central nervous system, Mexidol is recommended to be used 200 mg (4 ml) intravenously in a stream of 16.0 ml of isotonic sodium chloride solution, twice a day, for 10 days. Then the drug is administered intramuscularly at 200 mg (4 ml), daily, for 15 days. In the next 4-6 weeks, it is advisable to prescribe the tablet form - 0.125 g three times a day. Autonomic dysfunction syndrome, neurotic and neurosis-like states. Mexidol has shown its high effectiveness in vegetative-vascular dystonias, especially those of the paroxysmal type. It has a vegetative-normalizing and distinct tranquilizing effect in neurotic and neurosis-like conditions. Dosage regimen of the drug: 100-200 mg (2-4 ml) intravenously in a bolus of 10.0-16.0 ml of isotonic sodium chloride solution, daily for 10 days. It is possible to administer the drug intramuscularly at 200 mg (4 ml), daily, for 15 days. After injections, it is advisable to prescribe a tablet form of 0.25-0.50 g per day. The daily dose is distributed into 2-3 doses. The course of treatment is 2-6 weeks. In this case, the course therapy is completed gradually, reducing the dose of the drug over 2-3 days. Parasomnic disorders. Mexidol has a positive effect on sleep, restoring its duration and depth, while promoting recovery correct rhythm sleep. This is combined with the absence of sedation effects when taking the drug during the day. In this case, the drug is recommended to be administered intramuscularly, 100-200 mg (2-4 ml), daily for 15-20 days. Then use the tablet form of 0.125 g three times a day for 4-6 weeks. Before discontinuation, the dose of the drug is reduced gradually over 2-3 days. Memory disorders and intellectual disability in the elderly. Mexidol is an effective drug for revitalization of elderly people. The drug has a positive effect on hypomnesia, increased distractibility and difficulty concentrating, improves the ability to concentrate and count, improves short-term memory for current events and long-term memory for the past. Recommended dosage regimen: 100-200 mg (2-4 ml) intramuscularly (depending on the degree of intellectual disability) for 10-15 days, then the drug is given orally at 0.125 g three times a day for at least 4-6 weeks Such courses are repeated every 5-6 months. Periods of extreme stress. Mexidol has a pronounced ability to improve mental and physical performance, especially under conditions of extreme influences. In such cases, it is advisable to start with intravenous administration of 200 mg (4 ml) intravenously in a stream, per 16.0 ml of isotonic sodium chloride solution, daily for 10-15 days. Then the drug is administered intramuscularly at 200 mg (4 ml) per day for 10 days, followed by a transition to taking the tablet form at 0.25-0.50 g per day; course of treatment - 2-6 weeks. It is possible to switch to the tablet form immediately after intravenous administration. Exogenous-organic diseases of the brain. The causes of exogenous-organic brain damage are: previous traumatic brain injuries, intoxication (excluding alcohol), neuroinfections, as well as combinations of these factors. Patients with exogenous-organic diseases are known to have poor tolerance to a number of drugs. Mexidol, as studies have shown, is not one of them. When used, there is a clear positive effect on existing neurological deficits in this category of patients. Recommended dosage regimen: intravenous bolus of 200 mg (4 ml) per 16.0 ml of isotonic sodium chloride solution, daily, for 10-15 days; then the drug can be administered intramuscularly at 100-200 mg (2-4 ml) per day for 10-15 days, or switch to the tablet form at 0.125 g three times a day for 4-6 weeks. Intoxication ethyl alcohol. Considering the antihypoxic, antioxidant, tranquilizing and hepatoprotective effects of Mexidol, it can be used as part of complex therapy to relieve ethyl alcohol intoxication. Mexidol warns and weakens toxic effect alcohol. Dosage regimen: 400 mg (8 ml) intravenously in 150.0 ml of isotonic sodium chloride solution twice a day for 3 days; then 200 mg (4 ml) intravenously in a bolus with 16.0 ml of physiological NaCl solution, twice a day, for 7 days. If necessary, treatment can be continued using the tablet form of the drug, 0.125 g three times a day for 2-6 weeks. Alcohol withdrawal syndrome. Mexidol is effective as a means for relieving alcohol withdrawal syndrome with somato-neurological and mental symptoms due to its pronounced antioxidant and tranquilizing effects. When comparing the speed of the relief effect of Mexidol in relation to individual symptoms of alcohol withdrawal syndrome with the effectiveness of traditional detoxification agents, a significant advantage of this drug was established. Mexidol is an effective remedy for the rapid relief of alcohol withdrawal syndrome with a wide range of effects, both on its psychopathological components and on vegetative-vascular manifestations. The injectable form, in contrast to the tablet form, turns out to be more effective in relation to affective pathology, eliminating anxiety in a significantly more short time. Recommended dosage regimen: 200 mg (4 ml) intravenously in a bolus, per 16.0 ml of isotonic NaCl solution, daily, for 10-15 days, then it is possible to switch to intramuscular administration of the drug at a dose of 200 mg (4 ml), daily, for 10 days, followed by switching to the tablet form, 0.125 g three times a day, 4-6 weeks. In some cases, a combination of only intramuscular administration of the drug (in the described dosages) and tablet form is possible. It is also possible to use only the tablet form at a dose of 0.5 g per day (2 tablets twice a day) during the entire period of the hangover syndrome. Anxiety disorders in neurotic and neurosis-like conditions. For anxiety disorders - psychogenic (neurotic), for endogenous diseases, for organic brain damage of traumatic, intoxication and vascular origin, Mexidol, used as an anxiolytic agent, is most effective for generalized anxiety and anxiety-asthenic conditions that are simple in structure. The anxiolytic effect of the drug, combined with an activating component and a vegetative-normalizing effect, contributes to the rapid reduction of emotional stress, anxiety, asthenic and autonomic disorders, sleep disorders. For the treatment of these disorders, the drug is used intramuscularly in a daily dose of 200 - 400 mg, divided into 2 doses for 14 - 30 days or orally 0.25 g (2 tablets of 0.125 g) twice a day for at least 4 weeks Mild cognitive disorders of atherosclerotic origin. For mild cognitive impairment of vascular origin, including those developing in elderly patients, the use of Mexidol has a positive effect on dysmnestic disorders, reduces the severity of cerebroasthenic symptoms and emotional instability. The drug is used intramuscularly at a dose of 200 - 400 mg per day, divided into 2 doses for 14-30 days or orally at 0.25 g (2 tablets of 0.125 g) for 4 weeks. Acute intoxication with antipsychotic drugs (neuroleptics). In case of acute intoxication with neuroleptics with symptoms of neuroleptic syndrome, Mexidol causes a decrease in the severity of hyperkinesis, tremor, and muscle rigidity. When used in combination with antiparkinsonian drugs, Mexidol potentiates their effect. In case of acute intoxication with neuroleptics, the drug is administered intravenously at a dose of 50 - 300 mg per day for 7-14 days. Intellectual-mnestic disorders of various origins. In case of organic psychosyndrome caused by chronic cerebrovascular accidents, traumatic brain injuries, neuroinfections and intoxications, initial manifestations of senile-atrophic processes, increased manifestations of mental aging, Mexidol therapy begins with parenteral administration of the drug 200 mg (4 ml) intramuscularly, daily, for 10-15 days. In the future, they switch to the tablet form of the drug - 0.125 g three times a day, for at least 4-6 weeks. Correction of insulin resistance. Inclusion of Mexidol in complex therapy diabetes mellitus allows you to achieve compensation for the disease, reduce doses of glucose-lowering drugs, stop the progression of late complications and, thus, improve the quality and prognosis of life. The use of Mexidol is especially effective for correcting chemical homeostasis in the group of diabetic patients whose hypoglycemia cannot be stabilized traditional therapy and who have high level atherogenic lipids in the blood, severe neuropathy, impaired microcirculation, hemostasis. Mexidol is especially necessary in the prevention of late complications of diabetes: retinopathy, nephropathy, " diabetic foot"At the same time, it is possible to correct tissue trophism by stimulating microcirculation, detoxification, and enhancing oxidative processes in the energy cycle. Reducing glycemia when Mexidol is included in the complex therapy of diabetes helps reduce the percentage of purulent-septic complications in surgical interventions. The positive effect of using Mexidol in the clinic is observed with short courses of treatment (5 - 7) days at a dose of 100 - 200 mg per day. The dose is selected individually depending on the biochemical profile of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. Complex therapy of acute purulent-inflammatory processes of the abdominal cavity. In acute destructive pancreatitis and peritonitis, Mexidol is prescribed on the first day, both in the preoperative and postoperative periods. The administered doses depend on the form and severity of the disease, the prevalence of the process, and variants of the clinical course. Discontinuation of the drug should be done gradually, only after a stable positive clinical and laboratory effect.
- For acute edematous (interstitial) pancreatitis, Mexidol is prescribed 100 mg (2 ml) three times a day intravenously, in an isotonic sodium chloride solution.
- Mild severity of necrotizing pancreatitis - 100-200 mg (2-4 ml) three times a day intravenously (in isotonic NaCl solution).
- Severe necrotizing pancreatitis - the drug is administered in a pulse dosage of 800 mg (16 ml) on the first day, with a double administration regimen; then 300 mg (6 ml) twice a day with a gradual reduction in the daily dose.
- Extremely severe course - at an initial dosage of 800 mg/day (16 ml) for persistent relief of manifestations of pancreatogenic shock, upon stabilization of the condition, 300-400 mg (6-8 ml) twice a day intravenously (in isotonic sodium chloride solution) With a gradual reduction in daily dosage. In complex therapy of peritonitis, Mexidol is administered in a dosage of 200-300 mg (4-6 ml) three times a day intravenously in an isotonic sodium chloride solution during the first 3 days, then 200 mg (4 ml) per day with a gradual decrease daily dose. Use in dental medical practice. The rationale for the use of Mexidol in the complex therapy of chronic generalized periodontitis (CGP) was the ability to inhibit free radical oxidation and increase the activity of the antioxidant system. To achieve optimal effects, it is advisable to use both local and parenteral routes of administration of Mexidol. For mild CGP, Mexidol is prescribed according to the following regimens. Locally in the form:
- rinsing with 2 ml of 5% solution for injection 3 times a day, for 12-14 days. Method of preparation: dilute 1 ampoule of the drug with warm boiled water and rinse for 5 minutes.
- or applications of 2 ml of 5% Mexidol solution 2-3 times a day, for 12-14 days. Method of preparation: open 1 ampoule of the drug and moisten a piece of sterile gauze or bandage, folded in 4 - 6 layers, with the solution. Apply along the outer perimeter of the gingival sulcus for 20 minutes. Additionally, it is recommended to brush your teeth with toothpaste from the "MEXIDOL dent" series 2 times a day for 3-5 minutes. Orally: 1-2 tablets orally 2 times a day, for 12-14 days. For moderate and severe degrees of CGP, Mexidol is prescribed according to the following regimens. Locally in the form:
- rinsing (2 ml of 5% solution 3 times a day) for 12-14 days.
- or applications (2 ml of 5% solution 2-3 times a day) for 1214 days. If there is a periodontal pocket, use:
- Installation of 2 ml of 5% solution for injection. Method of preparation: open 1 ampoule of the drug and moisten the turunda with the solution, which is placed in the periodontal pocket for 20 minutes. Parenteral: intramuscularly 2 ml of 5% solution (100 mg) 1 time per day for 12-14 days Oral: 1-2 tablets (0.125 - 0.25 g) 2 - 3 times per day for 12-14 days. Additionally, it is recommended to brush your teeth with toothpaste from the "MEXIDOL dent" series 2 times a day for 3-5 minutes. Contraindications The use of Mexidol is contraindicated in acute disorders of liver and kidney function. Hypersensitivity or intolerance to the drug. Side effects May be noted: from the side digestive system rarely - nausea, dry mouth. Adequate and strictly controlled clinical studies of the safety of the drug during pregnancy and lactation ( breastfeeding) and has not been performed in children. Interaction with other drugs Not installed. The drug is combined with almost all drugs used in complex therapy for the specified nosologies. Mexidol potentiates the effect of anticonvulsants, tranquilizers, antiparkinsonian drugs, and analgesics. The drug reduces the toxic effects of ethyl alcohol.
An original domestic antihypoxant and direct-acting antioxidant that optimizes the energy supply of cells and increases the body's reserve capabilities
Mexidol tablets - official* instructions for use
*registered by the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (according to grls.rosminzdrav.ru)
Registration number:
LSR-002063/07 dated 08/09/2007Trade name of the drug:
INN or group name: Ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate.
Chemical rational name: 2-ethyl-6-methyl-3-hydroxypyridine succinate.
Dosage form:
film-coated tabletsCompound:
Active substance: ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate - 125 mg, excipients: lactose monohydrate, sodium carboxymethylcellulose (carmellose sodium), magnesium stearate, shell: opadry II white (macrogol (polyethylene glycol), polyvinyl alcohol, talc, titanium dioxide).
Description:
The tablets are round, biconvex, film-coated, white to off-white in color.
Pharmacotherapeutic group:
antioxidant agent.ATX Code: N07XX
Pharmacological properties:
Pharmacodynamics:
Mexidol ® is an inhibitor of free radical processes, a membrane protector with antihypoxic, stress-protective, nootropic, anticonvulsant and anxiolytic effects. The drug increases the body's resistance to the effects of various damaging factors (shock, hypoxia and ischemia, cerebrovascular accidents, intoxication with alcohol and antipsychotics (neuroleptics)).
The mechanism of action of Mexidol ® is due to its antioxidant, antihypoxic and membrane protective effects. It inhibits lipid peroxidation, increases the activity of superoxide dismutase, increases the lipid-protein ratio, reduces membrane viscosity, and increases its fluidity. Mexidol ® modulates the activity of membrane-bound enzymes (calcium independent phosphodiesterase, adenylate cyclase, acetylcholinesterase), receptor complexes (benzodiazepine, GABA, acetylcholine), which enhances their ability to bind to ligands, helps preserve the structural and functional organization of biomembranes, transport of neurotransmitters and improve synaptic transmission. Mexidol increases the content of dopamine in the brain. Causes an increase in compensatory activation of aerobic glycolysis and a decrease in the degree of inhibition of oxidative processes in the Krebs cycle under hypoxic conditions with an increase in the content of ATP and creatine phosphate, activation of the energy-synthesizing functions of mitochondria, stabilization of cell membranes.
The drug improves metabolism and blood supply to the brain, improves microcirculation and rheological properties of blood, and reduces platelet aggregation.
Stabilizes the membrane structures of blood cells (erythrocytes and platelets) during hemolysis. It has a lipid-lowering effect, reduces the content of total cholesterol and low-density lipoproteins.
The anti-stress effect is manifested in the normalization of post-stress behavior, somatovegetative disorders, restoration of sleep-wake cycles, impaired learning and memory processes, reduction of dystrophic and morphological changes in various structures of the brain. Mexidol ® has a pronounced antitoxic effect in withdrawal symptoms. It eliminates the neurological and neurotoxic manifestations of acute alcohol intoxication, restores behavioral disorders, autonomic functions, and is also able to relieve cognitive impairment caused by long-term use ethanol and its withdrawal. Under the influence of Mexidol, the effect of tranquilizing, neuroleptic, antidepressant, hypnotics and anticonvulsants is enhanced, which makes it possible to reduce their doses and reduce side effects.
Mexidol ® improves functional state ischemic myocardium. In conditions coronary insufficiency increases collateral blood supply ischemic myocardium, helps preserve the integrity of cardiomyocytes and maintain their functional activity. Effectively restores myocardial contractility in reversible cardiac dysfunction.
Pharmacokinetics:
Rapidly absorbed when taken orally. The maximum concentration at doses of 400 - 500 mg is 3.5 - 4.0 mcg/ml. Quickly distributed in organs and tissues. The average retention time of the drug in the body when taken orally is 4.9 - 5.2 hours. Metabolized in the liver by glucuron conjugation. 5 metabolites have been identified: 3-hydroxypyridine phosphate - formed in the liver and, with the participation of alkaline phosphatase, breaks down into phosphoric acid and 3-hydroxypyridine; 2nd metabolite - pharmacologically active, is formed in large quantities and is found in the urine 1 - 2 days after administration; 3rd - excreted in large quantities in the urine; 4th and 5th are glucurone conjugates. T1/2 when taken orally - 2.0 - 2.6 hours. It is quickly excreted in the urine, mainly in the form of metabolites and in small quantities - unchanged. The most intensive elimination occurs during the first 4 hours after taking the drug. Rates of urinary excretion of unchanged drug and metabolites have individual variability.
Indications for use:
- Consequences of acute cerebrovascular accidents, including after transient ischemic attacks, in the subcompensation phase as preventive courses;
- Mild traumatic brain injury, consequences of traumatic brain injury;
- Encephalopathies of various origins (dyscirculatory, dysmetabolic, post-traumatic, mixed);
- Autonomic dystonia syndrome;
- Mild cognitive disorders of atherosclerotic origin;
- Anxiety disorders in neurotic and neurosis-like conditions;
- Coronary heart disease as part of complex therapy;
- Relief of withdrawal syndrome in alcoholism with a predominance of neurosis-like and vegetative-vascular disorders, post-withdrawal disorders;
- Conditions after acute intoxication with antipsychotic drugs;
- Asthenic conditions, as well as for the prevention of the development of somatic diseases under the influence of extreme factors and stress;
- Impact of extreme (stress) factors.
Contraindications:
Acute hepatic and/or renal failure, increased individual sensitivity to the drug. Due to insufficient knowledge of the effect of the drug - childhood, pregnancy, breastfeeding.
Directions for use and dosage:
Orally, 125 - 250 mg 3 times a day; the maximum daily dose is 800 mg (6 tablets).
Duration of treatment - 2 - 6 weeks; to relieve alcohol withdrawal - 5 - 7 days. Treatment is stopped gradually, reducing the dose over 2-3 days.
Initial dose - 125 - 250 mg (1 - 2 tablets) 1 - 2 times a day with a gradual increase until a therapeutic effect is obtained; the maximum daily dose is 800 mg (6 tablets).
The duration of therapy in patients with coronary heart disease is at least 1.5 - 2 months. Repeated courses (on the recommendation of a doctor) are preferably carried out in the spring and autumn periods.
Side effect:
It is possible that individual adverse reactions: dyspeptic or dyspeptic nature, allergic reactions.
Interaction with others medicines:
Mexidol is combined with all drugs used to treat somatic diseases. Enhances the effect of benzodiazepine drugs, antidepressants, anxiolytics, anticonvulsants and antiparkinsonian drugs. Reduces the toxic effects of ethyl alcohol.
Special instructions:
During the treatment period, care must be taken when driving vehicles and engaging in other potentially dangerous species activities that require increased concentration and speed of psychomotor reactions.
Overdose:
In case of overdose, drowsiness may develop.
Release form:
Film-coated tablets, 125 mg. 10 tablets in a blister pack made of PVC film and aluminum foil or 90 tablets in a food-grade plastic jar. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 blister packs or 1 plastic jar together with instructions for use in a cardboard pack. For hospitals. Film-coated tablets, 125 mg. 450 and 900 tablets in a plastic jar made of food grade plastic along with instructions for use in corrugated cardboard boxes.
Storage conditions:
Store in a dry place, protected from light, at a temperature not exceeding 25 °C. Keep out of the reach of children.
Best before date:
3 years. Do not use after the expiration date indicated on the pack.
Vacation conditions: On prescription
Manufacturer:
A: CJSC "ZiO-Zdorovye", 142103, Moscow region, Podolsk, st. Zheleznodorozhnaya 2
B: CJSC "ALSI-Pharma", CJSC "ALSI Pharma", 129272, Moscow, Trifonovsky deadlock, 3,
Organization accepting complaints:
LLC "NPK "Pharmasoft" 115280, Moscow, Avtozavodskaya st., 22
Comments(visible only to specialists verified by the MEDI RU editorial team)
Pharmaceutical analogues group*
*Analogues are not equivalent replacements for each other
Mexidol – medical drug, antioxidant orientation. Applicable as prophylactic with increased stress on the body due to illness, great physical and psycho-emotional stress. As a medicine, Mexidol is used in neurology, psychiatry, surgery, and therapeutic purposes. The drug enhances the effect of the main therapy, has a beneficial effect on general state the patient, his metabolism, cerebral circulation and heart function.
The active ingredient ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate is dosed in 1 tablet 125 mg, in 1 ml solution for injection - 50 mg.
The pharmaceutical industry offers two forms of drug release - Mexidol tablets and ampoules. The tablets are taken orally, regardless of meals. The drug solution can be prescribed for intramuscular and intravenous administration. Intramuscular injections of Mexidol are produced in ampoules with a dosage of 2 ml. Intravenous administration The drug uses ampoules with a dosage of 5 ml.
For treatment inflammatory diseases In the oral cavity, use a 5% solution of the drug as prescribed by the dentist. The therapy helps to effectively relieve swelling, redness, and significantly reduce the intensity of inflammation. A line of toothpastes with Mexidol has been developed. They are intended for the prevention and treatment of inflammatory diseases of the oral cavity - acute and chronic gingivitis, periodontitis.
Effect of the drug
Ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate inhibits oxidation processes in cells, preventing them from aging too quickly. It has a stimulating effect on cerebral circulation, improving brain function, renewing memory processes, improves cognitive abilities against the background of harmful external influences and organic pathology. Improves oxygen supply to organs and tissues of the body at the cellular level in conditions of oxygen starvation.
Mexidol increases the resistance of the nervous system and body to adverse stress or overload. Helps stabilize patients' condition depressive disorders. Reduces convulsive readiness of the brain. Effective for relieving withdrawal symptoms from alcohol and drug addiction.
Lipid-lowering properties are indispensable in cardiac therapy vascular disorders. Mexidol injections restore permeability cell membrane due to the regulation of the lipid component. The anxiolytic effect of the drug helps maintain emotional and psychological status - reduces anxiety and unreasonable fears.
The medicine enhances the formation of dopamine and other neurotransmitters, improves the conduction of nerve impulses.
Application of the remedy:
- Relieves headaches of various etiologies
- Reduces reactions to external stimuli– dizziness, nausea are reduced, excessive irritability, tearfulness
- Improves performance vascular system, helps relieve symptoms of numbness of the extremities, pins and needles, stiffness
- Improves appearance - sparkle appears in the eyes, interest in life appears, skin acquires a healthy color
- In some cases, visual acuity improves
The state of the nervous system is stabilized, the overall tone of the body, mood, and self-awareness increase.
Why can Mexidol be prescribed? The drug has an extensive list of indications in several areas.
Mexidol tablets in neurology are prescribed:
- In complex therapy of VSD to improve peripheral circulation, strengthen blood vessels, increase their elasticity and stress resistance
- In the treatment of dyscirculatory encephalopathy against the background of atherosclerotic changes in cerebral vessels
- In the treatment of acute cerebrovascular accidents of various etiologies
- When neurological symptoms appear against the background of atherosclerotic changes in cerebral vessels - impaired speech, motor activity, memory loss, decreased cognitive abilities of the patient
- During the recovery period after a stroke
What does Mexidol treat in psychiatric practice? Here it is widely used to relieve acute withdrawal syndrome when removing a patient from a binge. The drug is prescribed to reduce toxic effects alcohol breakdown products, fusel oils, other toxic substances during therapy.
When the body detoxifies, addicted people experience powerful negative impact on the psyche and brain function, which causes them to fall into a state of rage and nervous overexcitation. Withdrawal syndrome may be accompanied by hallucinations and confusion. Here Mexidol has a noticeable calming and inhibitory effect. It enhances anticonvulsant and antidepressant therapy. In drug-addicted patients, Mexidol injections are indicated to ease the period of withdrawal from narcotic substances, with replacement therapy.
Why are pills prescribed for neuroses? Mexidol for neurotic disorders reduces the excitability of patients, helps remove them from the body psychotropic drugs, enhances the effect of antidepressants. Effective for detoxification in case of overdose of psychotropic substances.
In surgical practice, Mexidol is prescribed for:
- therapy of pancreatitis, acute and chronic pathologies
- pancreatic necrosis
- surgical interventions for purulent processes in the abdominal cavity
The drug is prescribed to reduce the toxic effects on the brain pathological processes in the pancreas.
In therapeutic practice, the effect of the drug is in demand to strengthen the body’s resistance under increased physical and psychological stress, in unfavorable conditions external factors. The action of the drug is mild with a prolonged effect.
The method of using the medicine and its dosage are individual in each case and depend on several factors.
- concomitant medical history
- individual tolerance
- compatibility with medications taken
- benefit/harm ratio assessment
- severity of side effects
The duration of taking tablets can vary from 1 week to 1.5 months.
The classic oral regimen is as follows:
- Treatment begins with a small dose of 1-2 tablets (125-250 mg), gradually increasing it until a lasting effect is achieved
- Limitation daily norm– 800 mg
- Complete therapy smoothly, gradually reducing drug intake
The injection solution can be prescribed intramuscularly, intravenously by stream and intravenously by drip. Intramuscular injections are prescribed in the central-upper region of the quarter of the buttock 2-3 times a day, 1-2 ampoules.
The intravenous bolus solution is allowed to be administered only slowly, over 7-10 minutes. Drip administration drug solution is shown at a rate of 1 drop per minute.
Prescriptions vary depending on the diagnosis:
- In case of acute cerebrovascular accidents, the drug is prescribed in an intensive course - 4 times a day, 200-500 mg intravenously - for 2 weeks. Then they switch to intramuscular injections of 2-3 times 250 mg.
- Alcohol withdrawal syndrome – treatment course is 7 days. The drug is administered intramuscularly in a daily dosage of 100 to 400 mg active substance. Therapy helps reduce excitability and aggressiveness of patients, and reduces alcohol dependence.
- For dementia, neuroleptic poisoning - intramuscular injections in a dosage of 100 to 300 mg per day
- In complex therapy of pancreatitis, peritonitis - up to 600 mg per day intramuscular injections in equal parts 2-3 times
- In severe conditions of necrotizing pancreatitis - drip, twice. The first 2 days, the maximum dose is 800 mg, subsequent therapy is 500 mg.
- Discirculatory encephalopathy – up to 1000 mg dropwise, divided into 4 times, every 6 hours
- In a hospital setting, it can be prescribed to children at a dosage of 100 mg for neuroinfection; the medicine is administered by intramuscular injection
- For preventive purposes, to maintain the body, Mexidol is prescribed orally in a daily dosage of 200 mg for a two-week course. The medicine is taken regardless of food intake, 2 tablets in the morning and evening
Note! Although the reviews about the drug are positive, using Mexidol independently and uncontrollably is unacceptable! Without a professional assessment of the appropriateness of its use, you can harm yourself.
If you take Mexidol for a hangover or to lift your mood, it can cause nausea, drowsiness, and dry mouth. Individual intolerance to the drug may manifest itself as skin reactions.
The medicine is prohibited for use in the treatment of pregnant, lactating women and pediatrics, since studies of its effect on these categories have not been conducted.
When prescribing the drug for home treatment, the patient's area of employment should be taken into account. Mexidol slows down the reaction and causes some inhibition of thought processes. Rarely, the drug can cause coordination problems.
Analogs
If the drug is not available in the pharmacy, Mexidol can be replaced with the following medications:
- Mexidant – alcohol addiction, withdrawal from binge drinking
- Mexiprim - for disorders of peripheral circulation, metabolic processes, intoxications
- Cericardium – acute cerebrovascular accidents
- Meksifan - indicated for chronic overloads of the nervous system, to increase the body's defenses, approved for use at any age
- Meksifin – persistent disorders of brain function against the background of chronic alcoholism, drug addiction
However, it is better to entrust the selection of an analogue drug not to the pharmacist, but to the attending physician. Despite the similarity of their actions, the drugs are not completely interchangeable. If you are scheduled for outpatient treatment, it is better to wait until your next appointment.