Which organ is responsible for human sweating? How we sweat

What is sweating and why is it necessary for the human body? This is a process during which liquid secretion is produced by the sweat glands. Sweat is colorless and odorless and consists of 98% water. Thanks to sweating, the water-salt level is regulated, the body is cleansed of toxins and does not overheat.

Why does a person need sweat?

The main purpose of sweat is to maintain normal temperature body, not exceeding 37 degrees. The resulting sweat comes out, evaporates, and thus cools the entire body.
Sweat glands cleanse the body of toxins harmful products exchange, chemical substances included in medications. In addition, toxic components such as arsenic, iron, and mercury come out with sweat.
Sweat glands sometimes take on the role sebaceous glands. For example, there are no sebaceous glands on the palms and soles of the feet, but there are sweat glands. They moisturize the skin and make it elastic.
Maintains normal acid-base balance. The liquid secreted by the sweat glands contains chlorides. They are formed in the body due to eating salty and spicy food. Thanks to the release of chlorides along with sweat, metabolism is normalized and a balance of acid and alkali is established.

Sometimes during the examination chlorides are found to be higher than normal. This may indicate poisoning or dehydration of the body, and become a signal of the onset of pathological processes in the organs of the urinary system.

Characteristics of the composition and mechanism of sweat production

How does sweating occur? The functioning of the sweat glands is controlled nervous system. Physical activity, rising body temperature, drinking hot drinks or food, and excitement cause a reaction in the receptors of the skin, internal organs, and muscles. Nerve impulses enter the sweat glands and lead to contraction of the ducts. As a result, sweat is released. It contains ammonia, creatinine, urea, amino acids, mineral salts, toxins, products metabolic processes. In total, there are about 250 substances released with sweat.

Normally, sweat production increases during heavy exercise. physical work, sports, in hot air, reception hot food or drinks, as well as during times of anxiety and stress.

Healthy people produce sweat constantly, but with at different speeds and intensity. How much sweat does a person produce? Even in calm state and at a comfortable ambient temperature, the human body secretes about 650 ml of sweat per day. In hot weather conditions or when physical activity sweat glands produce up to 10 liters of liquid secretion. Throughout his life, a person loses about 17 thousand liters of liquid secretion.

There are two types of sweat glands:

Eccrine glands are evenly distributed throughout the body. They begin to function from birth. The main purpose is to regulate human body temperature by moisturizing the skin. Sweat is colorless and consists of salts and toxins.
Apocrine glands are located in certain areas of the body (forehead, perineum, genitals). They are larger than the eccrine glands. The secretion secreted by the glands does not end up on the skin, but in the hair follicles. Their functioning begins only from the period hormonal changes V adolescence. Apocrine glands are not involved in regulating body temperature. Activated during times of fear, pain, and physical activity. Sweat has a sticky consistency and a milky color. The composition includes fats, proteins, hormones.

It has been noted that a woman’s body produces less sweat than a man’s body, even with the same physical activity. This is due to the greater activity of the apocrine glands. In addition, men's bodies are larger and, accordingly, contain more water.

Suspicious changes

If everything is in order with a person’s health, then the sweat released is colorless or whitish, without a specific odor. But sweat contains a lot of lipids and other substances, which, when broken down, become a favorable environment for the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria.

At various diseases the composition, color and amount of sweat changes. For example, for diseases thyroid gland iodine content may decrease or increase. The glucose content in the liquid secretion secreted by the sweat glands increases in diabetes mellitus. Bile acids increase in liver pathologies.

The smell of ammonia or chlorine may indicate kidney or liver disease. At the same time, sweat stains remain on light-colored clothes. yellowish color. Traces of a bluish tint may appear as a result of inflammatory processes in the digestive tract.

Increased sweating is called hyperhidrosis. Distinguish between primary and secondary this disease. The secondary form of hyperhidrosis is associated with pathological processes in the body:

Diseases respiratory system: pneumonia, bronchitis, tuberculosis. Therefore, if for last month Several times increased sweat formation was observed during sleep or in a calm state, you need to take an x-ray and consult a specialist.
Oncological diseases on initial stage often accompanied by increased sweating, weakness, and body temperature may rise. For example, malignancy adrenal glands. An ultrasound or MRI will help rule out the problem.
Problems with the thyroid gland (for example, hyperthyroidism) lead to changes in hormonal levels. Failures occur in the thermoregulatory process.
Increased sweating can occur due to vegetative-vascular dystonia. Changes occur in the nervous system, blood pressure changes. At the slightest unfavorable factors, sweat production increases.
Excess weight causes hyperhidrosis at night and daytime. As a result of excess kilograms, there is a strain on everything internal organs, and they begin to work in enhanced mode.
Diabetes changes hormonal background, disrupts the heat exchange process.
A person may sweat profusely due to a rheumatological disorder.
The cause of the problem is diseases of the nervous system due to stress, depression, conflict situations, insomnia.
Nicotine and alcohol reduce muscle and vascular tone, and sweat glands begin to work incorrectly. Any movement leads to difficulty breathing, weakness, headaches and sweating.
Infectious and inflammatory processes in the body associated with a cold are accompanied by an increase in body temperature. You may feel chills and weakness. The armpits, forehead, and palms sweat not only during illness, but also during the recovery period after illness.
Long-term and incorrect use of certain medicines leads to the body trying to get rid of harmful chemical compounds through sweat.
Diseases of the urinary system.

If the amount of sweat produced has increased, then you should contact a therapist who will give you directions for tests. Based on the results of the examination, the issue of further referral to narrow specialists. You may need the help of a neurologist, cardiologist, or endocrinologist.

Therapeutic actions

Treatment should begin with preventive measures.

You should carefully observe personal hygiene: take a shower, change underwear every day.
Choose clothes only from non-synthetic, breathable material (linen, cotton, wool).
The menu should be based on natural products, rich in vitamins and minerals. Ready-made dishes should contain as little spices and salt as possible. Carbonated drinks, coffee and alcohol are limited or completely eliminated.
If possible, you should avoid stressful situations and worries.

Common means in the fight against advanced education sweat are:

taking medications that calm the nervous system (Persen, Novo-Passit, Valerian);
the iontophoresis method cleanses pores and improves the functioning of sweat glands;
hormonal drugs stabilize hormonal levels;
Botox injections are prescribed, which block the work of the sweat glands.

Deodorants and antiperspirants can combat excessive sweating. The action of most of these cosmetics aimed at blocking the work of the sweat glands. Sweat continues to be produced, but does not have the opportunity to reach the surface of the skin.

If a person works physically, worries, or spends time outside in hot weather, then he begins to sweat intensely, which performs an important function. Let’s try to figure out what sweat is, what determines its color, smell and composition, why it is released.

Sweat is not just a liquid, but the result of the body’s peculiar regulation of the temperature regime, its cleansing of waste and toxins. A person can die from overheating if sweat stops secreting: but what it is and what role it plays is important to know.

Compound

Sweat has a liquid consistency. The main substances that sweat contains are sodium chloride, ammonia and urea. Together with sweat, the following microelements are released: calcium, potassium, magnesium, sulfur, phosphorus, protein, milk, lemon and ascorbic acid.

Sweat is similar in composition to urine. In sick kidneys, sweat often smells very unpleasant.

In the sweat secreted by different areas contains varying amounts of sodium chloride. There is much more of it in the upper body, especially in the neck, and much less on the hands and lower extremities.

Smell

An interesting fact is that a person smells sweat differently, since it contains: volatiles- pheromones. These substances are not particularly noticeable by smell, but the human nose is able to detect them and send appropriate signals to the centers of the brain. This is how people of the opposite sex are attracted unconsciously. Based on this elusive smell, some people are attracted to each other, while others feel hostility.

Color

Sweat can be white, transparent, or even colored. This depends on what substances have entered the body, as well as on color-forming bacteria and various violations metabolic processes in the body.

Quantity

A person needs sweat and every person sweats while he is alive.

How much sweat does a person produce per day?

The intensity of sweating depends on the state in which it is:

If ambient temperature low, then up to 500 ml of sweat can be released per day, while the sweat glands function selectively;
As soon as physical activity increases and the air temperature rises, a person begins to sweat intensely; the skin can secrete about 10-12 liters of sweat per day;
If the temperature in the sun or in the shade reaches 50 ° C, then per hour intense sweat is released in a volume of 2 to 3 liters.

If a person is healthy, then, thanks to such intense work of the sweat glands, there should not be overheating. It is known that over a lifetime the body secretes about 20 thousand liters of sweat.

The smell is interconnected with a person’s blood type and depends on the antigens he produces.

Where are sweat glands located and how do they work?

Sweat glands are found in certain areas of the body.

These include:

armpits;
feet and palms;
face, lips;
neck area;
tip of the nose;
chin;
head;
back.

The glands of the sweating system are distributed in the reticular layer of the skin and resemble twisted tubes in shape. The gland is a body with an end and a sweat duct in which a special pore can open to release fluid.

Sweat bubbles, before being released onto the surface of the skin, are first separated by a membrane, moving towards the cell membrane, they merge and are excreted through the excretory duct.

Varieties of sweat glands

The sweat glands have different morphological characteristics and functions. There are: eccrine and apocrine sweat glands.

The former function constantly and are located on the surface of the skin. The latter are connected to the hair follicles; they function most actively in the period from 14 to 60 years.

Apocrine glands

Located near hair follicles. They can function where hair grows: in the armpits, on the head, groin area and on the areolas of the mammary glands. Where hair does not grow, these glands are absent. They mainly function actively in adolescents who have reached puberty and adults, while in children and the elderly, apocrine glands do not secrete sweat in sufficient quantities.

The individual smell of people depends on this gland. They also help improve skin moisture, protect it from drying out, and give it elasticity. They perform a cleansing function of removing all substances harmful to the body.

Most of the places of localization in the human body belong to the eccrine glands. They are found in almost all parts of the body: armpits, back, face, limbs.

These glands are very important for the harmonious functioning of the body as a whole and perform whole line positive functions:

protect against overheating;
contribute to sweating during physical exertion, stress and excitement;
cleanse the body of accumulated toxins and harmful substances.

Eccrine glands

This type of gland is considered the most active. They produce odorless sweat, which is necessary to prevent the body from overheating, that is, they primarily perform the function of thermoregulation.

They secrete sweat constantly in the limb areas. The sweatiest part of them is the area of the palms and heels, which we don’t even notice. But as soon as your body temperature rises, you begin to perform physical exercise or work, how they immediately react to these changes and the person sweats.

Types of sweating

Scientists have studied the composition of sweat that comes out under different circumstances from the same person. It differs in the amount of sodium chloride salts, acids and trace elements.

For example, when stressful situations and excitement, many sweat acquires unpleasant odors and is released in the form of a thick liquid. In this case, only certain areas of the body sweat - hair, armpits, palms, feet.

Exercising helps cleanse the body of toxins and remove lactic acid.

With various diseases, the consistency of sweat also changes: a person often encounters thick and sticky discharge. And sticky sweat is a symptom of serious diseases, and this must be remembered. If there is the slightest change in its composition, you should consult a doctor.

Sweating in women and men

It is known that men sweat 2 times more than women. This difference in quantity can be explained back in ancient times. Men were mainly engaged in hunting, they had to make a lot of movements, which means they sweat more. Therefore, since ancient times, it has been the case that the sweat glands of men work most intensively, and the smell in their armpits is brighter than that of women, since the apocrine glands are actively working.

But it is known that sometimes women sweat a lot:

during periods of intense production of the hormone progesterone, especially in the 2nd half of the menstrual cycle;
in expectant mothers during pregnancy and after the birth of a child;
in women in middle age at the onset of menopause.

Sweating can be positive when thermoregulation of the body is necessary so as not to overheat, it is easier to endure physical activity, stressful and exciting situations. But at the same time, excessive sweating, called hyperhidrosis, is considered pathological phenomenon, which cannot be ignored.

Human sweat is a specific combination of salt, waste, toxins and water that are excreted from the body. Depending on execution given function the body produces a release in order to stabilize general state human, as it works like a well-coordinated and trouble-free mechanism.

Definition and benefits of sweating

Sweating is an obligatory process that occurs in the body, as it performs a number of important functions in the form of regulation salt metabolism, eliminating harmful substances and maintaining optimal temperature bodies. The activity of the sweat glands increases significantly in summer period, and in hot countries the excretory system works in enhanced mode.

Norms of manifestation excessive sweating observed when sharp increase temperature, increased physical activity, egg maturation in women during menopause and excessive body weight.

Increased sweating is not always unfavorable factor, and also brings certain benefits to the body. When the immune system fights a disease, the excretory system eliminates a large number of viruses through sweat. And also fulfilled protective function skin and their necessary hydration.

If atypical sweating occurs, it is necessary to compare all suspicious symptoms and contact qualified specialist which will install exact reason pathology and prescribe an appropriate treatment regimen.

Chemical composition of sweat

The composition of sweat is based on percentage water about 99 and 1% of various substances in the form of impurities of ammonia, salts, urea. The study also determines ascorbic, milk, lemon acid and residues of magnesium, protein, sulfur, calcium, potassium. In terms of content, the discharge is similar to urine and, in case of kidney pathology, a similar smell.

The active components of sweat do not change and have approximately the same ratio. After careful analysis, it was found that the discharge from different zones bodies contain different meanings substances. For example, in cervical region chlorides predominate, and in the legs there are impurities of calcium and magnesium.

An individual feature of sweating is the detection of nasal receptors by secreted pheromones. As a result, two people receive an unconscious sexual desire at the level of the brain, which recorded the corresponding impulse.

Causes of a specific and unpleasant odor of sweat

The phenomenon of releasing an unpleasant odor from sweat medical practice is called bromidrosis and the forms of the disease are classified:

apocrine type of pathology, accompanied by hard work sweat glands and the formation of a favorable environment for development pathogenic microorganisms that cause an unpleasant or specific smell of sweat;
Bromidrosis of the accrine type develops when excessive consumption certain products or medications containing poorly excreted active ingredients. In this case it is recommended proper nutrition and avoidance of taking appropriate medications.

If the presence of a specific and unpleasant odor is noted during the secretion of sweat, then this phenomenon may indicate the presence of a number of diseases of various origins:

appearance pungent odor sweat is formed when increased acetone and the development of cancer;
the development of kidney dysfunction or pyelonephritis causes the appearance of a characteristic ammonia odor, as the excretory system begins to do the work for these organs;
the presence of a vinegar smell appears with the development of diabetes mellitus;
education sour smell V chest may cause mastopathy. In this case, it is necessary to contact a mammologist;
at poor nutrition and metabolic disturbances are characterized by the appearance of the smell of hydrogen sulfide;
changes in the smell of sweat are formed with the occurrence of diseases of cardio-vascular system;
the presence of a genetic predisposition to a specific smell of sweat;
change in the smell of sweat secreted during menopause and during puberty of a woman.

The best solution to combat the unpleasant odor of sweat is timely examination to establish possible diseases and prescribing further treatment.

If the sweat smells like ammonia

If a specific smell of sweat, reminiscent of ammonia, appears, you must visit a doctor and determine possible reason formation of stench. This pathology occurs during the manifestation of cystitis, inflammation genitourinary system, oncological processes.

Hormonal changes in the body during puberty can also cause a corresponding odor, as endocrine system subject to a heavy load, which leads to a lack or excess of iodine.

An unpleasant smell of ammonia may appear after increased physical activity, since the body loses a large amount of glucose and produces toxins that are eliminated excretory system through the sweat glands.

Smell of sweat with cat urine

Life activity human body consists in the constant synthesis of proteins, fats and carbohydrates, which produces various substances. Especially important role Amino acids play a role in the body, participating in many processes, and when they are broken down incorrectly and kidney function is impaired, Strong smell cat urine with perspiration.

Appearance characteristic odor also observed with liver dysfunction, leukemia, infectious diseases, intestinal obstruction, and changes in the level of estrogen in a woman’s body. Symptoms are observed in athletes who receive increased physical activity.

If suspicious symptoms are detected, then in this case you need to immediately go to the hospital and carry out thorough examination. The body always reacts to major changes and gives appropriate signals. Establishing a diagnosis on early stage course of the disease increases the chances of obtaining a favorable prognosis.

Sour or vinegary sweat odor

The presence of a pronounced odor of sweat mixed with acid and vinegar may have various reasons. First we need to consider external factors impacts:

changes in the intestinal microflora and skin when following a certain type of diet;
eating excessive amounts of certain foods (garlic, seafood, beans, yogurt, asparagus, red meats, cabbage, celery). When food breaks down, sulfides are released, which do not have time to be processed, which leads to the appearance of a characteristic odor;
ignoring personal hygiene, as when large cluster secreted sweat is characterized by the appearance of an unpleasant and specific odor;
taking medications ( non-steroidal analgesics, antipsychotic and antidepressant drugs).

The release of a sour and vinegary odor also occurs with the development of such diseases:

hormonal imbalances in female body during menopause and puberty;
development of mastopathy with the appearance of a sour odor in the chest;
progression of diabetes mellitus, since acid compounds are in excess and are released through sweat.

The presence of a dog odor with heavy sweating

The appearance of such a specific smell of sweat like a dog indicates the presence serious illnesses inflammatory in nature. Selection large quantity harmful substances for the body that have not been metabolized before normal condition in combination causes the formation of a stench.

This phenomenon is observed in acute respiratory diseases and education purulent process. Symptoms require immediate and prompt attention to the hospital, as they can lead to severe consequences. The state of the body in the presence of such pathologies has significant changes, so it is impossible not to notice them!

Appearance characteristic features heavy sweating with a specific and unpleasant odor of sweat signal serious problems in the body. As a prophylaxis and warning serious diagnoses best to pass necessary tests and visit the appropriate specialist.

The total number of sweat glands in humans reaches several million. Sweating is natural physiological process characterized by the release of liquid onto the surface skin. The sweat is colorless and has a salty taste.

Sweating plays an important role in the proper functioning of the body. Sweat glands produce liquid secretion on the surface of the skin - epidermis. Its release to the outside normalizes water and salt balance in the body, regulates metabolic processes, cools the body.

Sweat renders beneficial influence on the skin, preventing dryness. Together with sweat, waste products leave the body and toxic substances, and the evaporation of secretions normalizes thermoregulation.

Let's consider what human sweat consists of, how is it formed? What is the function of sweating and what are the reasons? increased sweating in men?

Chemical composition

Human sweat contains a highly concentrated mixture of salts and some organic compounds. It consists of water, which in this aspect appears as a kind of solvent that removes other components from the human body.

The composition of human sweat is always different. He is influenced by age group person, health status, place of residence, chronic diseases in the anamnesis. If you taste the liquid, you will notice a salty taste. It is conditioned high concentration chlorine salts. The intensity of taste is based on health status.

500 ml of sweat is released per day - this is the norm. Against the background of significant physical activity, the figure increases to 1000-1500 ml in 24 hours. Increased sweating is observed in hot weather, during deterioration of health due to any illness.

In addition to water and salts, the composition contains the following compounds:

Lactic/uric acid;
Sulfuric acid;
Phosphates;
Calcium salts;
Urea;
Ammonia;
Amino acids;
Fatty acids, etc.

People wonder where the specific and sometimes unpleasant odor in the armpits comes from? In fact, sweat is 99% water and only 1% organic compounds, and it does not have a strong odor. However, in axillary area and it smells on your feet, since these places are a favorable zone for the activity of pathogenic microorganisms.

With certain pathologies, the composition/color of sweat may change. For example, the secretion becomes red (chromidrosis), as a result of which it seems that the person is secreting blood through the skin.

Analysis of secretions helps to establish an imbalance of mineral elements in the body.

Functions of sweating

How is sweat formed in humans? The secretion is produced by sweat glands, which are located throughout the body. The process of sweating is constant, never interrupted, almost all areas sweat. Only the mucous membranes are not equipped with sweat glands. The intensity of the discharge depends on the place of residence, emotional and psychological state men.

The main function of the secretion is thermoregulation. At low temperature conditions When it's cold, fluid excretion slows down significantly. Against the backdrop of hot weather conditions, on the contrary, is significantly enhanced. The secret prevents the skin from overheating and burning.

The second function is the removal of excess minerals. Not only water, but also organic components are released with the secretion. Sweating is especially beneficial for people with hypertension. Removal excess fluid leads to normalization of arterial parameters.

Other functions of human sweat:

Thanks to sweating, toxic substances, waste, and infections are removed from the body. At infectious disease Doctors advise you to sweat, and it’s for a reason. This is believed to speed up the healing process. Sweat in the background elevated temperature body is useful because the liquid moistens the skin, which reduces the temperature.
Sometimes the sweat glands take over the functionality of the sebaceous glands. For example, on the palms and soles lower limbs sebaceous glands are missing. But sweat moisturizes the skin, prevents excessive dryness, and makes the skin elastic.
Maintaining normal acid-base balance. The secretion contains chlorides, which can be formed in the body when consuming spicy foods, table salt. Their removal from the body helps to normalize metabolic processes.

Sweat glands are controlled by the central nervous system. Physical activity, increased body temperature, consumption of hot tea or food provoke “excitement” of the receptors of the skin, organs and muscles. Nerve impulses quickly reach the sweat glands, the ducts contract, which leads to the release of sweat.

There are about 250 components in sweat. Over the course of a lifetime, a person secretes about 17,000 liters of secretion.

Sweat glands: types and localization

Sweat glands are located in the middle layer of the skin. Their ducts come out and secrete secretions. The glands are localized over the entire surface of the body, but most of them are on the forehead, face, palms, soles, groin and armpits.

There are two types of glands that produce sweat. Endocrine glands cover 75% of the body and begin to work from the moment of birth. They regulate the temperature human body, protect from overheating or cold. The sweat produced by these glands is colorless and contains salts and toxic substances.

Apocrine glands cover only 25% of the body. Unlike endocrine glands they are somewhat larger and are located in certain areas: armpits, perineal area, forehead. These glands begin to work in puberty– time of puberty, do not take part in the process of thermoregulation.

The secret of the activity of the apocrine glands is not released onto the surface of the skin, but through hair follicles. Sweat may form due to excitement, nervous tension, pain syndrome or physical activity. The work of the apocrine glands is observed throughout life, but it slows down significantly or even stops due to hormonal imbalance.

Apocrine glands produce a milky secretion, which contains lipids, protein and hormonal substances, volatile acids. The liquid contains many organic components, which, when decomposed, produce a specific odor. It is the individual scent of a person that affects the opposite sex.

People do not perceive pheromones at the level of smell. In other words, they do not have any odor. However, a person’s nose senses them and then transmits the impulse to the brain.

This is how an unconscious attraction to a certain person is formed.

Pathogenesis of increased sweat secretion

When a man is in good health, a colorless secretion is produced or its shade is slightly white; the smell does not cause disgust. When a specific odor is present and appears on clothing, this indicates the presence pathological process in the body or under the influence of external factors.

In some pathologies it changes chemical composition, color and amount of secretion. For example, when endocrine disorders the iodine concentration decreases or increases, which changes the color of the liquid. Against the background of diabetes mellitus, the amount of glucose in the secretion increases, and bile acids becomes larger when liver function is impaired.

Blue spots on clothing signal the development of inflammation in the digestive tract. Pathological sweating – hyperhidrosis. The disease can be of a primary or secondary nature. In the first case, the cause cannot be established; most often the etiology is due to heredity. Secondary hyperhidrosis develops due to the following diseases:

Pathologies of the thyroid gland;
Oncology;
Obesity;
Hormonal imbalance;
Diseases of the respiratory system;
Central nervous system disorders, etc.

When hyperhidrosis is a consequence of some disease, even the best does not help solve the problem. Necessary full diagnostics, allowing you to determine the exact cause.

Treatment is carried out using conservative and surgical methods.

Cool

Sweating performs the most important function protect the body from overheating. Sweat glands are located on the entire surface of the body, their work is regulated sympathetic division autonomic nervous system. Intensity normal discharge sweat gland fluids different people not the same. Therefore, excessive sweating (hyperhidrosis) is spoken of only in cases where copious discharge sweat causes constant discomfort significantly reducing the quality of life.

Today we will talk about the conditions that cause hyperhidrosis.

Changes in the level of female sex hormones

Hyperhidrosis is often one of the manifestations of menopausal syndrome. A woman periodically experiences hot flashes to the face, neck and upper chest, accompanied by increased heart rate and sweating. This can happen at any time of the day or night. If attacks occur no more than 20 times a day, the situation is considered normal and does not require medical intervention. When others join hyperhidrosis unpleasant symptoms(pain in the head or chest area, increased blood pressure, numbness of the hands, urinary incontinence, dry mucous membranes, etc.), the woman should consult a gynecologist regarding compensatory therapy.

Increased sweating of the whole body is also typical for the first two trimesters of pregnancy. It occurs against the background of hormonal changes and is considered normal. Hyperhidrosis in the third trimester is associated with an acceleration of metabolism, the accumulation of large amounts of fluid in the body or excess weight. warning signs may have an ammonia smell perspiration and the appearance of white marks on clothing, indicating kidney problems.

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Thyroid pathologies

Hyperhidrosis is one of the symptoms of abnormally high production of thyroid hormones (hyperthyroidism). It occurs with the following diseases:

nodular toxic goiter;
Graves' disease (diffuse goiter);
subacute thyroiditis.

Increased sweating caused by malfunction thyroid gland, sometimes manifests itself in pituitary tumors. If hyperhidrosis is combined with sudden weight loss due to increased appetite, hand tremors, disturbances heart rate, irritability and anxiety, you should urgently consult an endocrinologist.

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Fluctuations in blood glucose levels

Excessive sweating often occurs with diabetes. In this case, it is associated with a violation of thermoregulation. Diabetes of any type leads to destruction nerve endings, as a result of which adequate transmission of signals to the sweat glands becomes impossible. In diabetics, hyperhidrosis primarily affects upper half body: face, neck, chest and abdomen. Characteristic increased secretion liquids at night.

Hyperhidrosis may also indicate insufficient levels of glucose in the blood (hypoglycemia). In patients diabetes mellitus The cause of the problem is usually a violation of the diet or an overdose of glucose-lowering drugs medicines. Healthy people sometimes lack glucose after heavy physical exertion. With hypoglycemia, cold, sticky sweat appears mainly on the back of the head and the back of the neck. The attack may be accompanied by dizziness, nausea, trembling and blurred vision. To quickly get rid of illness, you need to eat something sweet (banana, candy, etc.).

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Problems with the heart and blood vessels

Almost all diseases of the cardiovascular system are accompanied by hyperhidrosis to one degree or another. Increased sweating is inherent in the following pathologies:

hypertonic disease;
atherosclerosis;
obliterating endarteritis;
angina pectoris;
transient ischemic attack;
vascular thrombosis.

In addition, sweat glands increased load work in people suffering from pericarditis or myocarditis.