Biophysical methods for repairing cartilage damage. Joint restoration: modern methods of stimulation of regenerative processes, types of medications and surgical interventions

Due to muscle disorders, degenerative lesions often damage the cartilage of the joints. Ligaments also suffer. In area hip joint fibrous formation may appear, which will disrupt the work bone connection. To restore the previous functionality, it is necessary to use drugs to restore cartilage tissue joints.

Causes and symptoms of joint destruction

Joints are made up of bones that cover cartilage. It is the cartilage that allows you to slide freely articular surfaces between themselves. Bones deliver nutrients to cartilage. If there is a problem in one component of the joint, the operation of the entire system is disrupted. Therefore, it is important to monitor the condition of your joints and, if necessary, urgently begin treatment of the problems that have arisen. Otherwise, a person may develop serious diseases.

Factors that destroy the joint:

Metabolic disorders within the joint. Cartilage is made up of collagen and proteins, while proteins are made up of valuable elements. If changes occur in the metabolism of such elements (chondroitin and glycosamines), cartilage begins to break down.
The inflammatory process damages the cartilage. Substances are produced that continue to destroy the tissue, the bone grows, spikes form. If such a pathology is not eliminated in time, osteoarthritis may occur.
Too much stress on the joints also damages cartilage.

Most often, these causes make themselves felt in the area of the knee, intervertebral, hip joint, as well as in the joints of the hands.

Textile knee joint subjected to heavy loads every day excess weight, by doing active movements. If it is damaged, it is important to direct all your efforts to its restoration.

A disease in which cartilage suffers is manifested by pain in the lower back, neck, knee, hands, crunching when performing movements, and the inability to unbend.

If you do not carry out treatment, after a while the pain in the joints makes itself felt even in a calm position, in the morning the body is shackled. A person cannot even take a step on his own.

Methods for restoring cartilage tissue

Active physical activity leads to the fact that the cartilage tissue in the hip joint or other part of the body wears out. Restoration of the cartilaginous tissue of the joints is carried out with the help of a change in nutrition, medicines, traditional medicine, physiotherapy, gymnastics.

Therapy with drugs

The restoring effect has treatment with chondroprotectors. The drug prevents the development and progression of degenerative-dystrophic processes in musculoskeletal system. Exist the following means based on chondroprotectors that help restore and build up cartilage tissue:

drugs with chondroitin sulfate: Chondroxide, Mukosat;
products with glucosamine: Flexamine, Artron;
medicine with mucopolysaccharide: Arteparon;
combined preparations: Movex, Triaktiv;
a drug that simultaneously includes chondroitin and glucosamine: Teraflex;
means, which include natural components of animal origin: Rumalon, etc.

With severe destruction in the knee joint or in the area of the hip joint, chondroprotectors alone cannot restore cartilage tissue. Comprehensive treatment is required.

Application of Chondroxide

Chondroxide stimulates the production of proteoglycans, accelerates the processes of restoration of cartilage and bone tissues, increases the production synovial fluid.

It is contraindicated to use the drug during pregnancy and while breastfeeding. The duration of treatment is six months. If necessary, the course of therapy is repeated after a while. Tablets can be purchased at the pharmacy with a prescription.

Application of Artron

The drug reduces a person's need for pain relief and inflammation. To enhance the effect, it is recommended to additionally drink funds with chondroitin sulfate.

The drug is prohibited during pregnancy and lactation, in childhood, with serious pathologies of the kidneys and liver, with allergic reactions.

The use of Teraflex

This drug contains glucosamine with chondroitin sulfate and ibuprofen. Teraflex has a pronounced chondroprotective effect and an effect that relieves inflammation.

The drug is prohibited for diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, high content potassium in the blood, impaired blood clotting, kidney or liver failure.

Teraflex can be combined with other drugs only after consulting a doctor. When restoring cartilage, it is recommended to monitor blood counts, as well as the functioning of the kidneys and liver.

Application of Rumalon

This drug is made from calf cartilage. It is used to restore the cartilaginous tissue of the joints, to better supply them with blood, to relieve pain and inflammation.

The remedy is contraindicated during pregnancy, lactation and an allergic reaction to the components of the drug. You can buy medicine at a pharmacy with a prescription from a doctor.

All preparations based on chondroprotectors are recommended to be drunk within six months. The duration of therapy is determined by the doctor, taking into account the course of diseases of the musculoskeletal system, general well-being patient, as well as the degree of cartilage damage.

Treatment with injections

In the joints, cartilage tissue can be restored with the help of special injections. Injections are prescribed by a doctor, as it is important to choose the right drug. Often in the form of injections, Hydrocortisone or Kenalog is injected into the joint.

Injections have contraindications and side effects and may not always lead to positive results.

Remember! Injections to restore cartilage tissue in the hip joint can be done in one thigh no more than three times with an interval between them of two weeks.

Additional ways to restore cartilage

Ointments, compresses, lotions help to restore cartilage tissue. Such funds promote better blood circulation, relieve soreness and muscle spasms.

In addition to drug therapy, the following methods of treatment are used to restore cartilage:

Physiotherapy can enhance the effect of the drug. They resort to magnetotherapy, UHF and ultrasound therapy, electrotherapy, inductothermy, phototherapy, and the use of laser technology.
To strengthen muscles, relieve pain and spasms, it is recommended to undergo a massage course. If the massage is performed correctly, it brings very good results in the restoration of cartilage.
In order to better supply the knee with blood, as well as produce synovial fluid, it is recommended to perform special gymnastics. The set of exercises is determined by the doctor. They can be performed sitting, lying down or in the water. It is forbidden to excessively load the joints, squat, perform exercises on bent knees.
Some foods also help build cartilage tissue. Include red pepper, rose hips, citrus fruits, sea buckthorn, greens in your diet. It is useful to eat salmon, mackerel, sardines, as well as chicken meat, cod, radishes, cabbage, garlic, chicken eggs and other products. They contain vitamins and minerals, omega-3 fatty acids, which are needed for normal operation human joints.
To alleviate the patient's condition, you can resort to folk therapy. A compress with honey, burdock helps to relieve swelling and inflammation in the affected joint. vodka tincture dandelion. Any method of traditional medicine is used only after consulting a doctor.

Healthy foods, balanced diet, dosed physical activity allow, together with drug treatment, to successfully restore the cartilaginous tissue of the joints.

Now you know how to restore the cartilage system in the body. Treatment is prescribed only by a doctor: all drugs are selected individually. If timely action is taken and complex therapy, you can quickly restore the condition of cartilage and tissues in human joints.

2017-02-04

Coxarthrosis of the hip joint 2 degrees - symptoms and treatment

Coxarthrosis of the hip joint is one of the varieties of arthrosis and has become a leader among other diseases in the musculoskeletal system. Coxarthrosis of the hip joint of the second degree begins to develop due to the fact that the cartilage tissue is destroyed. This disease occurs in people of different age groups, but it is most common in people over 40 years of age. If the disease is at an early stage of development, then it can be cured, but many people ignore the occurrence periodic pain and start the disease.

Causes

If a patient has grade 2 coxarthrosis of the hip joint, the symptoms and treatment will differ from other stages of the disease. The patient has damage to the cartilage tissue in the hip joint, as a result of which he has mild pain, which intensifies over time, and more severe forms a person loses his ability to work. There is bilateral and unilateral coxarthrosis of the 2nd degree, that is, there is a violation of one or both hip joints.

There are primary and secondary coxarthrosis, that is, the disease arose independently or as a result of damage to other diseases. If this is a secondary form, then it occurs after the development of hip dysplasia, Perthes disease, congenital dislocation of the hip, infectious lesions, aseptic necrosis femoral head, as well as after suffering injuries.

If this is a primary degree, then it occurs after a lesion of the spine - osteochondrosis and after a lesion of the knee joint - gonarthrosis, also after that coxarthrosis of the knee joint of the 2nd degree can develop, which deprives a person of full movement.

There are several reasons for the onset of the development of degenerative processes of varying degrees:

Increased loads (prolonged standing, increased pressure on the cartilage due to carrying weights);
Chronic inflammatory process (arthritis) of autoimmune (tissue is damaged by its own antibodies due to disorders in the immune system) or infectious origin;
malnutrition;
Injuries (fracture, dislocation, bruise). They cause the deterioration of the synthesis of joint fluid, which is necessary to lubricate the surface of the hip joint. The surface of the cartilage becomes uneven, which further accelerates the process of destruction. Next, inflammation begins to develop, after which the shape of the joint changes;
A predisposition that is inherited. From parents, you can get a gene, the presence of which determines the synthesis of cartilage tissue, which has altered properties.

Among the factors that increase the likelihood of coxarthrosis of the second degree, include:

overweight body;
hormonal changes;
circulatory disorders;
metabolic disorder;
senile and advanced age;
spinal pathology;
flat feet;
sedentary lifestyle.

The disease is not inherited, however, some features in the form of body structure, metabolic disorders and cartilage weakness can be inherited from parents. As a result, if a person's relatives suffer from coxarthrosis, then he is likely to acquire this disease in the first or second degree.

Symptoms of coxarthrosis

The extent to which the manifestations are expressed depends on the degree of development of changes in the cartilage. In the first degree of the disease, pain in the hips sometimes occurs, only sometimes when the leg is moved, a crunch can be felt and slight pain after walking, standing or working, disappearing after rest.

But with the second degree of coxarthrosis, the pain does not go away even in a calm state and becomes constant. Quite often, the pain has a radiating character, that is, it gives to groin, hips and lower back. IN morning time the patient may experience stiffness of the hip joints, but after movement or exercise, this symptom disappears. With prolonged physical exertion, a person develops lameness, but it also disappears after rest. Therefore, after the appearance of the very first symptoms, it is necessary to consult a doctor. After all, than earlier man will start treatment, so it will be more likely cure. This disease can seriously affect a person's ability to work and his quality of life.

The second degree of coxarthrosis is characterized by the following manifestations:

Stiffness when moving (it is difficult to rotate the hip, abduct, bend and unbend the leg);
Painful sensations that are localized in the area of \u200b\u200bthe hip joint. Pain in this case can be given to the lower leg, thigh, knee or inguinal region;
Pronounced crunch during all leg movements;
Lameness that appears after a long walk;
The localization area begins to redden and swell;
Deformation. It can be determined by taking an x-ray.

The presence of a characteristic clinical picture makes it possible to make a preliminary diagnosis of coxarthrosis. In order to find out how pronounced structural changes are, you need to do an x-ray and a tomogram. The second degree is characterized by the presence of visible bone growths on the edges of the cartilage, depressions and deformities on the hip joint, cysts (cavities with fluid inside). In addition, the gaps between the surfaces of the joints are narrowed to 2/3 of the norm.

Treatment of coxarthrosis

If the patient has already developed deforming arthrosis of the hip joint of the 2nd degree, the treatment will include a comprehensive and complex therapy. There are several areas of treatment that can bring an effect in coxarthrosis. Used in treatment medications, which are necessary to reduce the intensity of pain and inflammation. Usually, the doctor prescribes non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, such as diclofenac. Chondroitin is prescribed to nourish and restore cartilage tissue.

Mud baths, electrophoresis and magnetotherapy also bring a good effect in the treatment. In addition, the doctor prescribes therapeutic exercises, which are carried out after a decrease in pain and reducing inflammation. The patient performs small physical exercise, which help restore cartilage tissue and reduce the deformation of the articular tissue.

Surgical treatment is prescribed at the third stage of the disease. During it, the surgeon removes bone growths, cysts, areas of cartilage and performs a correction of the shape of the hip joint. If there have been significant changes in the articular tissue that can no longer be corrected with the help of correction, then the doctor implants an artificial joint, which is made of a durable titanium alloy.

Treatment of coxarthrosis with medications

Before starting drug treatment of coxarthrosis of the 2nd degree of the hip joint, the patient must reduce the load on the affected area. Therefore, the patient is obliged to reconsider his lifestyle and change his professional activity if he is an athlete or is on his feet for a long time throughout the working day. This will protect the diseased area, which needs rest to prevent further development arthrosis, because it can go into a more severe form.

Regarding medications, they are aimed at reducing pain in the hip joint. For this, patients are prescribed anti-inflammatory drugs, these are orthophen, ibuprofen, diclofenac and others. Gels, creams and ointments also bring good results in pain relief, these are capsicam, fastum-gel, finalgon and others. In addition, the doctor prescribes chondroprotectors that help restore the affected joint, these are teraflex, alfpluton, chondroxide. My patients use a proven remedy, thanks to which you can get rid of pain in 2 weeks without much effort.

Drugs prescribed for the treatment of coxarthrosis muscle spasm, which eliminate muscle spasms, accompanied by severe pain. After taking drugs to reduce muscle spasm, it is necessary to reduce the load on the legs, as you can damage the joint even more, and this will lead to very bad consequences. In addition to the above drugs, the doctor prescribes vasodilators which relieve the hip joint and also eliminate pain.

Preparations for joints and cartilage: drugs for the restoration of cartilage tissue of the joints

Cartilage is a type connective tissue, which consists of intercellular substance and chondrocytes.

Cartilage is divided into several types: hyaline, elastic, fibrous. A significant difference between cartilage tissue and others - complete absence inside her nerve endings and blood vessels.

Functions of cartilage and joints

The elasticity of the skeleton is provided by hyaline cartilage. Disturbed metabolism can weaken it, excessive loads on the body, weight lifting and overweight.

In this case, thinning, erasure and gradual development of joint diseases occur. If the cartilage is worn out, then this is immediately displayed on the state of the knee, hip joints, neck and lower back.

Sluggish joint pathologies, such as osteochondrosis, thinning of the knee joint and inflammation in it are often associated with dystrophy in the articular and cartilage tissue.

To avoid destruction, preconditions for thinning, and to restore cartilage, it is recommended to use chondroprotectors. They help to get rid of the disease in a shorter time. Such drugs are characterized by a targeted effect on the production of new cells in tissues. Chondroprotectors are used to form the required amount of synovial fluid.

Chondroprotectors will be effective if they are used on early stages diseases when the destruction did not cover the entire cartilage tissue. Otherwise similar drugs absolutely useless.

With the development of destructive processes, the bone becomes rough, and the nearby hyaline cartilage, in constant contact with it, also begins to undergo destruction.

As a result pathological process synovial fluid partially ceases to be produced, the joint feels a sharp lack of such fluid, lubrication and nutrition.

As a result, the cartilaginous tissue slowly dies off, and changes occur in the joint, entailing the loss of its original functions. A classic example of such a mechanism is osteochondrosis.

The composition of drugs in this group includes substances produced in human body and necessary for the formation of synovial fluid. The main active ingredients of chondroprotectors are glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate in various combinations and proportions.

Chondroprotectors are able to stop the destruction of cartilage. Such drugs:

do not allow the disease to develop further;
reduce the manifestation of pain in the joint;
improve blood flow in the affected area.

You should be aware that the treatment does not give a quick result. The patient will feel a positive effect on his body no earlier than 3-5 months after the start of therapy. The course of treatment is usually 6 to 12 months.

How best to take?

Since only slightly destroyed hyaline cartilage can be repaired, treatment should be started as early as possible. Already at the first signs of illness and discomfort in the joint, you should seek the help of doctors.

If cell death occurs in the joints and cartilage, the drugs will become powerless.

It is equally important to systematically take chondroprotectors, even if visible result from their use. Doctors strongly advise to continue therapy even after 2-3 courses, because the restoration of the connective tissues of the joints is a rather lengthy process.

Chondroitin and glucosamine are simply an indispensable source of maintaining joints, and if their use is not stopped in time, the destruction of the hip joint will resume.

Therefore, for reliable and positive effect it is important to consolidate the result. The exact dosage of the drug in each individual case will be prescribed on an individual basis and will depend on:

degree of destruction;
associated pathologies;
patient's age.

As a rule, the treatment is well tolerated by patients. Chondroprotectors practically do not have side effects, but subject to adequate dosage and compliance with the intake.

In this case, it should be taken into account that with extreme caution such drugs are prescribed to people suffering from diabetes because of high content they have glucose.

Chondroprotectors are also not allowed for small children and pregnant women.

Choosing the Right Medicines

Relieve the patient's condition and relieve back pain can be various forms medicines:

gel;
ointment;
cream;
balm;
pills.

Modern pharmacology offers a large selection of medicines to combat pathologies and aimed at restoring the cartilage tissue of the joints and cartilage. IN

In view of the relatively high cost of drugs and the need for their long-term use, you should consult a doctor to select the ideal drug.

He can prescribe several types of remedies for arthrosis, osteoarthritis, osteochondrosis and problems of the hip joint:

to restore cartilage;
anti-inflammatory;
to relax muscles;
soothing;
vasodilators.

If the neck hurts, the patient may be shown anesthetics and antiphlogistic drugs that relieve pain, relieve inflammation and swelling. Often, for the treatment of the knee and hip joint, such medicines should be chosen in the form of rubbing, ointments and gel.

Intra-articular and intramuscular injections can be used. Such drugs are usually divided into groups. Note that intra-articular injections into the knee joint, for example, show high efficiency.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

Many of these drugs are based on Diclofenac. It is effective in the treatment of diseases of the knee, hip joint and intervertebral discs. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are characterized by an increase in the action of analgesics and the removal of the inflammatory process. NSAIDs have clear contraindications:

childhood;
pregnancy and lactation;
pathology of the digestive tract, and in particular a stomach ulcer and 12 duodenal ulcer.

Diklak and Voltaren will be no less effective.

The same group of drugs includes drugs that help to cope not only with the pathologies of the knee joint, but also with any other diseases of the musculoskeletal system:

Ibuprofen. Preparations based on this active substance similar in their properties. They are similar to Diclofenac drugs, but with the difference that they can be used to treat young children and pregnant women suffering from osteochondrosis. This is due to the fact that Ibuprofen is much more easily tolerated by the body. This group includes Reumatin and Nurofen;
Indomethacin. Means with it active substance have anesthetic and antiphlogistic properties. They treat inflammation of the hip, knee joint and osteochondrosis. Applying large dosages possible manifestation of side effects in the form of stool disorders, irritation of the intestinal mucosa. Therefore, it is absolutely impossible to exceed the recommended dose. Contraindications are similar to Diclofenac preparations. These include Inteban, Indomethacin;
Ketoprofen. Medicines, which include this substance, help get rid of the inflammatory process and pain syndrome much faster than drugs on Ibuprofen. However, they are characterized by rather unpleasant negative consequences for the body and many contraindications. Ketoprofen is used for pathologies of the knee joint, osteochondrosis. This group includes Fastum-gel, Ketonal;
Nimesulide. Preparations based on this substance belong to the new generation of drugs that do not have side effects. Nimesulide is indicated for patients suffering from pathologies of the musculoskeletal system for external use. Great remedy for pain in the knee and problems of the hip joint. With prolonged use, irritation and itching are likely to develop. skin at the place of application. The group includes Nimulid and Nise.

Vasodilators and muscle relaxants

After muscle strain, vasoconstriction occurs, which prevents normal blood circulation. This process becomes a prerequisite for a functional failure in the work of organs and their oxygen deficiency.

Muscle relaxants and vasodilators may be prescribed to address these effects. Articular circulation is able to improve Xanthinol nicotinate. Promotes nutrition and accelerates the recovery processes of the drug on lipoic acid.

When the disease causes pain, muscle relaxants should be taken. They help to relax the muscles, soothe them, normalize blood circulation and reduce pain in the hip and knee joints.

Under the influence of such drugs, the mobility of the joint is restored, and the parts of the body affected by the pathology recover faster.

In view of a large number adverse reactions therapy with muscle relaxants should be under the close supervision of a doctor.

Unlike many analogues, Mydocalm does not sedative effect on the body and can be used in parallel with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

Cartilage repair and sedatives

To restore the joints, one should not forget about the rehabilitation of cartilage tissue. For these purposes, the chondroprotectors mentioned above are usually recommended and vitamin complexes. Vitamins are necessary to improve metabolism, and in particular, calcium metabolism.

They are indicated for the rapid recovery of ligaments, tendons and hyaline cartilage. These drugs include Centrum, Calcium and others, which include vitamins A, B, C, D, E, calcium and phosphorus.

In case of problems with the musculoskeletal system and to build up cartilage tissue, not only injections are used to influence the pathology itself, but also sedatives. This is important for the simple reason that constant pain depresses the patient and drives him into depression which can further aggravate the disease.

Donormil;
Gidazepam.

In some situations, the use of antidepressants can reduce the intake of anesthetics and anti-inflammatory drugs.

In each case, the doctor will decide how to restore cartilage tissue. From a quick diagnosis, right choice methods and preparations will directly depend on the quality and productivity of therapy.

It is categorically impossible to self-medicate, because it will not only not bring the desired result, but also significantly aggravate the course and symptoms of the disease. Often the consequences of such treatment are irreversible.

The choice of medicines and their dosage should be entrusted to a qualified and experienced doctor. Based on the results of analyzes and studies, he will be able to take the right decision. Under this condition, the recovery process will take less time and require minor material costs.

Hello, friends! Let's continue the topic of cartilage damage. We will look at hyaline cartilage damage and try to answer questions injury prevention And cartilage restoration, how to treat and restore joint cartilage.

Hyaline cartilage covers the touching heads of our bones at the joint and can be damaged very easily. To prevent this from happening, nature provides a complex and unique structure. Considering all the features of this structure, with right attitude to their joints, their service life is enormous. Unfortunately, cartilage has a very limited potential for regeneration (self-healing).

If an injury occurs and the cartilage is damaged, cracked, exfoliated, then it is restored in this case due to the flow of blood and nutrients from the bone. It is on this property that the operation is based. But the newly formed restored tissue already consists of. This fabric does not have enough in its composition. Such tissue is not suitable for performing the functions of hyaline cartilage, it is less reliable, not as strong, smooth and elastic than the original one. But it is better to have at least such tissue in the form of a patch on the cartilage than to have nothing.

My point is that in such a situation with cartilage repair, especially if there is already damage or if the cartilage has been operated on, it is necessary to think about what to do in order to strengthen the cartilage tissue, push for natural restoration and protect yourself from subsequent damage and diseases of the joints, the probability of which, unfortunately, increases many times over.

Nutrition and restoration of cartilage tissue of the joint

Be that as it may, these are living tissues, therefore, in any case, they consist of living cells that are born, live, feed, multiply and die. Cartilage cannot be fed like all other cells in our body, due to the nutrients that blood brings to them. Cartilage does not have capillaries. This is understandable: no vessels can withstand such loads that the cartilages of the knee joint experience, they simply burst right away. There are no nerve endings there, otherwise our every step would be given severe pain. But you have to eat. The cartilage tissue of the joints is nourished by osmosis. It's a rather complicated phenomenon to explain. Therefore, I will write this: nutrients come to the joint, there they are taken and dissolved in, produced by special cells, and the synovial fluid, entering the joint, constantly mixing and renewing there, being absorbed into the cartilage fibers, nourishes them with the necessary substances and takes away the products of decay and vital activity . And to make the whole process as efficient as possible the following conditions must be met:

The synovial fluid must be sufficiently fluid.

This point, in principle, should be clear to everyone and does not require long discussions. In order for the synovial fluid to be liquid, it is needed. You need to determine your consumption pure water per day (30 ml x your weight) and drink it. Something can only be diluted with water. I met people who said that the joints were crunching, but began to drink more water and the crackling stopped. It's as simple as that, and he may have prevented himself from injury and cartilage destruction. True, one must be careful here: a crunch without pain and discomfort may be natural for joints. If after a warm-up and exercises the crunch goes away - everything is fine, if it is accompanied by pain - see a doctor. The same goes for blood. Only water can "thinn" the blood, nothing else. Aspirin or other medicines of a similar effect can prevent blood clotting for a certain time, but time will pass and everything will return. In addition, only sufficiently liquid blood is able to quickly and easily deliver nutrients and oxygen through the vessels and capillaries to the most remote corners of our body and to the joints. I think it is clear that the consumption of pure water is one of the main conditions for the restoration of cartilage tissue. If this simple condition is not accepted, the rest will be useless.

Synovial fluid should be in sufficient quantity,with its deficiency, the contacting parts of the jointwill put more pressure on each other and collapse.

This indicator in a normal, non-injured joint also depends on the amount of water and other nutrients consumed, necessary for the body and, in particular, to special cells located on the surface. Under these conditions, the body will produce as much fluid as necessary.

If we take the state after the operation (during the operation internal environment joint is washed), then in order to replenish the composition of the fluid and protect the cartilage, the doctor prescribes drugs - the main component of the synovial fluid and the intercellular substance of the cartilage tissue. These drugs are also called "prosthetic synovial fluid". Their main function is to retain water in the knee joint. They are expensive. The cost depends on various factors, as well as the degree of processing. Some drugs are injected into the joint after surgery and for prevention during strong sports loads, others - for degenerative diseases of the joints and cartilage. The degree of viscosity of the drug depends on how long it can be in the joint cavity and make up for the lack of its own synovial fluid. belong to the group. This is a topic for a separate article and we will definitely talk about it. Here I will say that the drugs hyaluronic acid useful for the joint and the whole organism, one minus, the introduction into the joint (even a simple injection) is a violation of its environment and the likelihood of infection. And the joint of each person can react in its own way. You have to be careful with this. Hyaluronic acid preparations can also be in the form of additives (dry matter). As well as other drugs of the chondroprotective group, their effectiveness has not been precisely determined and is debatable. So, drink water.

- a group of drugs and biologically active additives to food designed to maintain and restore cartilage tissue.

In the joint, there must be a constant renewal and mixing of the intra-articular fluid, and this can only be achieved through the mechanical work of the joint, its flexion and extension.

Here, too, everything is clear: stagnant water is a swamp and a hotbed of everything bad. A new portion of liquid with nutrients should be mixed with the old one and enrich it. If the movements are not enough, then enrichment does not occur and the cartilage has nothing to eat, its cells starve and die, and there is no question of recovery at all. After cartilage surgery, doctors forbid standing on the leg to allow it to heal, pressure on it is dangerous during this period. But it is during this period, when it is impossible to stand on the leg, it is necessary to move the leg even more and perform flexion and extension movements, constantly mixing the fluid of the knee joint. Carefully, controlling movements, up to the pain threshold.

Synovial fluid should be rich in composition, those. contain in the right amount all the necessary nutrients for cartilage tissue cells. Essential trace elements and vitamins cartilage tissue takes only from the synovial fluid.

First, I will remind you that our body is a complex interconnected system. And this system, by the way, needs standard substances: proteins, fats, carbohydrates, enzymes, fiber, and. For us, everything is quite simple. It is necessary to consume all this in the right quantities, and the body will figure it out on its own: where, why and what to direct it. What goes to the heart, what's in the bones, what's in the joints. This entire article could be reduced to a couple of phrases: drink water, eat well and move - you don’t need to know anything else. But then who will read it? And would you believe so easily? After all, we need evidence, arguments, and so on. So let's continue.

In each of my articles about the various components of the joint, I focused on their composition. The compositions of ligaments, cartilage, menisci and synovial fluid were disassembled. This means that in order for all this to live and be restored, it must be given in the required amount. It so happened that for the joint, in addition to the standard set of nutrients, you need:

specific substances glycosaminoglycans (this includes) ,

In fact, the body produces all this itself, if it has enough of what to produce it from. But modern science and medicine believe that it would be a good idea to give him these substances directly. And then everyone will be fine: the body will not waste time and effort to produce these substances, but enough and even excess will provide effective recovery(in this case cartilage). Well, let's believe science and for now accept the fact that in order to maintain and restore cartilage tissue and the joint itself, we need good nutrition and these substances in the form of nutritional supplements.

In other articles, we will analyze each of these substances: which, how much, to whom and how to choose and how to take and whether to take.

For effective regeneration cartilage,need to maintain high level chondrocytes - the main cartilage cells of the tissue.

The restoration of cartilage tissue and the production of the necessary compounds and substances are dealt with chondrocytes.

Chondrocytes, by their nature, do not differ from other cells in terms of development and regeneration, their metabolic rate is quite high. But the problem is that there are very few of these same chondrocytes. In articular cartilage, the number of chondrocytes is only 2-3% of the cartilage mass. Therefore, the restoration of cartilage tissue is so limited.

In order for the cartilage of the knee joint to recover, it is necessary to achieve a high number and activity of chondrocyte cells. All that is required of us is complete nutrition, which they can receive through the synovial fluid, through motor activity.

And there is one more thing that should not be forgotten. Let me remind you that in the joint, under the influence of various causes (internal and external), processes of destruction and restoration are constantly taking place. And our mission is to maintaining a balance between factors that damage articular cartilage and factors that contribute to its protection and regeneration. With an injury or after surgery on the cartilage, the task becomes more complicated: it is necessary to restore the cartilage tissue faster than it will be destroyed. And the issues of recovery in our body are dealt with hormones. Hormones speed up metabolic processes. Under the action of hormones, muscle tissue is restored after stress and damage, strengthened bone, ligaments and tendons. Hormones also take part in the process of cartilage repair. Rather, according to modern science, one hormone - insulin-like growth factor hormone (IGF). It is he who is able to cause the division of chondrocytes. The amount of this hormone in the blood depends on the intensity of training and load. The more intense and more frequent it is, the more the hormone and the more intensive the process of cartilage restoration. We will definitely return to this issue. Consider artificial and natural analogues of this hormone. I also have experience in this.

The joint must constantly move, otherwise the synovial fluid will not be able to effectively penetrate the cartilage tissue and carry nutrients there. Thus, the vital activity and restoration of cartilagealmost entirely dependent on our physical activity.

Well, I will not be original: movement is life, or rather, life is movement. And even more specifically: the life of the joint is. Let's not take into account injuries. Why do joints get sick and cartilage breaks down?

A person is born. As a child, he constantly runs, jumps, learns the world, does not sit still. The study begins: we sit down at the table and reduce physical activity, but we are saved by the metabolism and a strong growing young organism, with great potential for recovery. We get older, sit in a chair for more long term, then into the car and home, and growth is already stopping, the processes of metabolism, regeneration and recovery are slowing down in mind natural causes; in the joints, the processes of destruction begin to prevail over restoration. The cartilage is destroyed.

Don't you think that the right way out is to start running and jumping right now, when the body and joints need it most? Please note that this scheme can be applied to any part of our body.

I have great experience communication with rehabilitation physicians. I have a bunch of programs and exercises, both my own and found somewhere. I'll sort them out and give them to you sometime. But that's not the point. If you have an injury, or you have already experienced knee surgery, then there are specialists who will give you their recommendations. In this case, you can not do without consulting a doctor and you need to listen to him. If you are an athlete, then your task, on the contrary, is to control the load and listen carefully to your body. Gradually, you will feel when you can move on to the next step and increase the load on the injured limb. The main thing is not to force events, gradually, smoothly increase the load and return to the previous level.

I want to give some advice to those who go to work, live an ordinary life of a city dweller, but understand the need to change something in their lives and try to come to a more active and healthy lifestyle life. I assume that otherwise you would not be reading this blog.

Let’s move away from exercises and complexes, no one will do them all the time, but I won’t be able to give you a way to heal joints without doing anything, in a week. Sorry.

I also work in the office, I also sit on a chair at the computer all day, and now at home. The truth is, there's enough in my life vigorous activity A: Two to three hours three to four times a week I do high-intensity workouts. But if this is discarded, there are no differences. What am I doing?

Firstly, I strongly advise you to add to your life, if not already, sports and hobbies. It will enrich life, make it brighter and richer. You will feel that you are different from many in that you can do something that is not available to others. You will be proud of yourself and your body (and so it will be, the body will not go anywhere, it will be forced to tone up to match your activity). You will not sluggishly trudge home, thinking: “Now eat, then TV and sleep. There are two more days until the weekend." Goals and plans will appear.

You came to the office, sat down on a chair and began to work. How to act?

After a certain amount of time (an hour or two), and so several times a day, you need to:

Take your eyes off the monitor. Close the eyes with the inner ribs of the palms, slightly press and make rotational movements for 10-20 seconds. And for another 20-30 seconds, continue to sit with your eyes closed.

- Then get up and slowly approach the cooler (the source of quenching the thirst of an office worker).

- Pour a glass of water.

- Slowly drink water and at the same time, without turning your head, look with your eyes into different sides your office (up-down, right-left).

- After that, you can go out into the corridor, walk and return to the place.

Don't sit down right away. If you are already very busy and do not have time, then pick up your documents and continue reading while standing (as one of the options).

- At the same time, rise and fall on your toes several times.

- Rotate the body several times in different directions.

- Without stopping looking at documents or a monitor, bend over and stretch your lower back, do a few tilts (keep your back straight).

- Tired? You can sit down and continue working.

Now let's move on to the legs. They're not busy, are they?

You can do leg exercises as often as you like. Stretch, spread, strain the muscles of the legs, press the pedal (foot work), while the knee joint will make small movements. Perform these exercises alternately and with both feet together. You can even tango under the table with your feet. Nobody sees.

In my opinion, everything is simple. If you wish, you can easily diversify this set of exercises. Note that I do not give the number of times or the number of approaches: just do as many as you see fit. It's better than just sitting in one place all day without moving.

And after work, you will find training or a gym, yoga, horseback riding, shooting at a shooting range, dancing, martial arts, wushu, ballet, etc. and so on. Well, do not forget about your loved ones, dates, cinema, theater, walks.

If you already have problems with cartilage, you can not forget about it. But it’s also not worth it to completely limit yourself in everything and think about it all the time. Change a little life, add more movement, consume necessary substances eat well and move on with your life. And all this will only diversify and enrich life, make it healthier and longer. No need to justify yourself and say: “I have no time. I'm busy (busy). We have to do the job."

I usually give this example. Imagine a smart workaholic scientist. He sits day and night, writes, opens, works, does not see the light of day, forgets not only to move, but even to drink and eat. A little more and he will finally invent a perpetual motion machine or prove how to win incurable disease. They support him, waiting for the results. And then bam, the body can not stand it. Stroke. I wonder why? The person is dying. His works have not been completed, the disease has not been defeated, and the perpetual motion machine has not been invented. Everything he did was unnecessary: the result was never achieved. But there was not enough time, as usual, just a little bit. Like this. And it's one thing if our scientist is 90 years old. And if 50? He did not have time and ruined himself, and we did not receive a great revelation or healing.

Let's move on to the issue of returning to activity after an injury. Usually, after operations on the knee joints and cartilage, doctors say something like: "By the way, chess is also a sport." The phrase is deadly, especially if there were any plans, hopes and goals. For professional athletes, this is generally scary. Us, ordinary people who are also doing something, it also hurts to hear this.

First, I must say that ordinary doctors forbid everything, so if you play sports and you have an injury, you need to contact sports doctors who deal with sports injuries. There the situation and opinions will not be so categorical. I remember once in the clinic I went at the same time to the gastroenterologist and complained that heartburn sometimes occurs, there was such a period. I was forbidden to do everything: bending, bending, it is strictly forbidden to swing the press, etc. Well, how do you like it? By the way, it was worth starting to drink more water and the problem with heartburn self-destructed. My coach tells me the same thing about the doctor.

Secondly, the main advice is a gradual, deliberate approach to your studies. Both rehabilitation, after an injury, and the main one related to your sport. Loads should be consistent, gradually becoming more complex. You feel that pain has appeared - so far this is your limit. Pain cannot be overcome. Trust your body, it will tell you and you will feel that you can already do more.

Another issue worth devoting a separate article to is psychological condition after injury. This is what worries me the most right now. Here, too, the only way is consistency and slowness. The body could do something more, and the brain will gradually understand it. So, step by step, step by step, you will return to your former life and workload. Of course, everything happens and there are injuries that you need to come to terms with and accept, reconsider your life and previous activity. But let's not think about it. positive thoughts and mood play a huge and often decisive role in any human activity.

Non-hormonal anti-inflammatory drugs

Now, as for the tablets, the so-called anti-inflammatory painkillers non-hormonal drugs. It has long been proven that such tablets adversely affect the cartilaginous tissue of the joint and gradually destroy it. Destruction occurs both under the influence of the chemicals themselves, and the fact that by anesthetizing and not feeling the pain signal from the knee, you load it, which provokes even more mechanical damage. These drugs can be used occasionally, in moments of acute intolerable pain. Then it's justified. And as soon as the opportunity arises, it is necessary to quickly go to the doctor for examination and finding out the reasons.

The same applies to injections with similar drugs into the joints. This also includes hormonal drugs. Only in extreme cases, when the doctor has accurately determined that the benefit will be higher than the harm from such an injection, only then is the use of such means justified. It could be infection or a strong, persistent inflammatory process.

Folk remedies for the treatment of cartilage and joints

As you understand, this issue, especially when it comes to traumatic injuries, is completely irrelevant. I think that on the Internet you can always find a large number of folk remedies for relieving pain and treating joints. But one must understand that any tincture, wrapping the knee cabbage leaf or rubbing an injured joint with a decoction of burdock will not solve problems. These remedies are good later, when you know the causes of pain, and when the doctors have done everything they could. They will help relieve a slight swelling, cool, warm up, reduce weather pain that occurs in a damaged joint. Folk remedies can replace expensive creams from pharmacies, designed to warm up the joint and thereby increase the flow of additional nutrients to the sore spot. These are very valuable remedies invented by nature, but you need to know when you can take them and hope for their effect. I am also against any chemistry and pills that heal and cripple at the same time. That is why, when choosing products and supplements for myself, I am guided by their natural natural origin and the absence of side effects.

That's all. I think it's time to finish and no longer load you with information.

I'll make a little announcement. I feel that the time has come to write a whole series of articles about various substances and supplements, which are necessary both for the whole body and for our joints. Gradually, step by step, I will try to take it all apart and give it to you. So subscribe to the blog, read and apply.

If you have any questions, please write and comment. But do not forget about some of the principles that are given in the article about. I am not a doctor, but as a person who has endured and experienced a lot, as they say "in the subject" and I can quite help with questions that doctors usually do not answer.

All the best, don't worry!

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Cartilage is a type of connective tissue that consists of intercellular substance and chondrocytes.

Cartilage is divided into several types: hyaline, elastic, fibrous. A significant difference between cartilage tissue and others is the complete absence of nerve endings and blood vessels inside it.

Functions of cartilage and joints

The elasticity of the skeleton is provided by hyaline cartilage. It can be weakened by impaired metabolism, excessive stress on the body, heavy lifting and overweight.

Sluggish joint pathologies, such as osteochondrosis, thinning of the knee joint and inflammation in it are often associated with dystrophy in the articular and cartilage tissue.

Chondroprotectors will be effective if they are used in the early stages of the disease, when the destruction has not covered the entire cartilage tissue. Otherwise, such drugs are absolutely useless.

With the development of destructive processes, the bone becomes rough, and the nearby hyaline cartilage, in constant contact with it, also begins to undergo destruction.

As a result of this pathological process, the synovial fluid partially ceases to be produced, the joint feels a sharp lack of such fluid, lubrication and nutrition.

As a result, the cartilaginous tissue slowly dies off, and changes occur in the joint, entailing the loss of its original functions. A classic example of such a mechanism is osteochondrosis.

The composition of the preparations of this group includes substances produced in the human body and necessary for the formation of synovial fluid. The main active ingredients of chondroprotectors are glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate in various combinations and proportions.

Chondroprotectors are able to stop the destruction of cartilage. Such drugs:

do not allow the disease to develop further;
reduce the manifestation of pain in the joint;
improve blood flow in the affected area.

You should be aware that the treatment does not give a quick result. The patient will feel a positive effect on his body no earlier than 3-5 months after the start of therapy. The course of treatment is usually 6 to 12 months.

How best to take?

If cell death occurs in the joints and cartilage, the drugs will become powerless.

It is equally important to systematically take chondroprotectors, even if there is no visible result from their use. Doctors strongly advise to continue therapy even after 2-3 courses, because the restoration of the connective tissues of the joints is a rather lengthy process.

Chondroitin and glucosamine are simply an indispensable source of maintaining joints, and if their use is not stopped in time, the destruction of the hip joint will resume.

Therefore, for a reliable and positive effect, it is important to consolidate the result. The exact dosage of the drug in each individual case will be prescribed on an individual basis and will depend on:

degree of destruction;
associated pathologies;
patient's age.

As a rule, the treatment is well tolerated by patients. Chondroprotectors practically do not have side effects, but subject to adequate dosage and compliance with the intake.

In this case, it should be taken into account that such drugs are prescribed with extreme caution to people suffering from diabetes mellitus due to the high content of glucose in them.

Chondroprotectors are also not allowed for small children and pregnant women.

Choosing the Right Medicines

It is possible to alleviate the patient's condition and quench back pain with various forms of medications:

gel;
ointment;
cream;
balm;
pills.

Modern pharmacology offers a large selection of medicines to combat pathologies and aimed at restoring the cartilage tissue of the joints and cartilage. IN

In view of the relatively high cost of drugs and the need for their long-term use, you should consult a doctor to select the ideal drug.

He can prescribe several types of remedies for arthrosis, osteochondrosis and problems of the hip joint:

to restore cartilage;
anti-inflammatory;
to relax muscles;
soothing;
vasodilators.

Intra-articular and intramuscular injections can be used. Such drugs are usually divided into groups. Note that, for example, show high efficiency.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

childhood;
pregnancy and lactation;
pathology of the digestive tract, and in particular a stomach ulcer and 12 duodenal ulcer.

Diklak and Voltaren will be no less effective.

The same group of drugs includes drugs that help to cope not only with the pathologies of the knee joint, but also with any other diseases of the musculoskeletal system:

Ibuprofen. Preparations based on this active substance are similar in their properties. They are similar to Diclofenac drugs, but with the difference that they can be used to treat young children and pregnant women suffering from osteochondrosis. This is due to the fact that Ibuprofen is much more easily tolerated by the body. This group includes Reumatin and Nurofen;
Indomethacin. Means with this active ingredient have anesthetic and antiphlogistic properties. They treat inflammation of the hip, knee joint and osteochondrosis. Using large dosages, side effects may occur in the form of stool disorders, irritation of the intestinal mucosa. Therefore, it is absolutely impossible to exceed the recommended dose. Contraindications are similar to Diclofenac preparations. These include Inteban, Indomethacin;
Ketoprofen. Medicines, which include this substance, help get rid of the inflammatory process and pain syndrome much faster than drugs on Ibuprofen. However, they are characterized by rather unpleasant negative consequences for the body and many contraindications. Ketoprofen is used for pathologies of the knee joint, osteochondrosis. This group includes Fastum-gel, Ketonal;
Nimesulide. Preparations based on this substance belong to the new generation of drugs that do not have side effects. Nimesulide is indicated for patients suffering from pathologies of the musculoskeletal system for external use. Great remedy for pain in the knee and problems of the hip joint. With prolonged use, the development of irritation and itching of the skin at the site of application is likely. The group includes Nimulid and Nise.

Vasodilators and muscle relaxants

After muscle strain, vasoconstriction occurs, which prevents normal blood circulation. This process becomes a prerequisite for a functional failure in the work of organs and their oxygen deficiency.

When the disease causes pain, muscle relaxants should be taken. They help to relax the muscles, soothe them, normalize blood circulation and reduce pain in the hip and knee joints.

Under the influence of such drugs, the mobility of the joint is restored, and the parts of the body affected by the pathology recover faster.

Due to the large number of adverse reactions, muscle relaxant therapy should be carried out under the close supervision of a doctor.

Unlike many analogues, Mydocalm does not have a sedative effect on the body and can be used in parallel with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

Cartilage repair and sedatives

To restore the joints, one should not forget about the rehabilitation of cartilage tissue. For these purposes, the above-mentioned chondroprotectors and vitamin complexes are usually recommended. Vitamins are necessary to improve metabolism, and in particular, calcium metabolism.

They are indicated for the rapid recovery of ligaments, tendons and hyaline cartilage. These drugs include Centrum, Calcium and others, which include vitamins A, B, C, D, E, calcium and phosphorus.

In case of problems with the musculoskeletal system and to build up cartilage tissue, not only injections are used to influence the pathology itself, but also sedatives. This is important for the simple reason that constant pain depresses the patient and drives him into a depressive state, which can further aggravate the disease.

Osteochondrosis is a degenerative disease of the intervertebral discs. Manifested pain syndrome different intensity, which depends on its stage and the degree of destruction of the fibrous ring. On initial stage to restore the cartilaginous tissue of the spine, it is enough to remove pathogenic factors of influence and the health of the musculoskeletal system will quickly recover in a natural way. In the second stage of osteochondrosis, when sustainable forms disc protrusion, recovery is possible only with integrated approach to therapy.

Here it is required to use all the possibilities of manual therapy and modern pharmacological preparations. In addition, the patient will be required to make efforts in terms of abandoning the lifestyle that, in fact, led to such a disease.

Essentially, disc protrusion is border state between osteochondrosis and disc herniation. Therefore, when appearing on radiographic images typical signs For such a condition, it is important to start treatment immediately. In this case, the patient is insured against severe neurological disease associated with rupture of the fibrous ring, exit of the nucleus pulposus and infringement radicular nerves.

Preparations (drugs) in injections for the restoration of cartilage tissue of the spine

Modern pharmacological preparations for the restoration of cartilage tissue of the spine are made on the basis of chondroitin and glucosamine. These are structural basic substances that are involved in the nutrition, formation and restoration of any cartilage. This is, so to speak, its basis. With arthrosis and chondropathy of large joints of the upper and lower extremities these medicines are injected directly into the joint cavity and give excellent results.

It is very difficult to use such drugs to restore the cartilage tissue of the spine. The effectiveness of such therapy is usually zero. And there are objective reasons for this:

transportation of any medicinal substance in the focus of pathological changes does not occur completely, but within 10 - 15 percent (even with intravenous administration what can we say about the injection into the gluteal muscle);
if we talk about the cartilaginous tissue of the spine, then here with osteochondrosis, and even more so protrusion, the medicine does not come in principle, since it can only be delivered using diffuse metabolism, and muscle tissues blocked by the inflammatory process;
chondroprotectors for osteochondrosis to a certain extent act positively on areas of damaged large joints, but do not treat the spine;
to ensure the transport of these pharmacological agents in the intervertebral cartilaginous discs, it is necessary to connect manual therapy to the treatment;
with the help of osteopathy and massage, reflexology and therapeutic exercises, doctors will be able to ensure a high degree of bioavailability of chondroitin and glucosamine from intramuscular injection (bioavailability with manual therapy is 20 - 25%).

The following injections are most often prescribed to restore the cartilaginous tissue of the spine:

"Alflutop" 2 ml intramuscularly 1 time per day for 20 days;
"Chondroitin sulfate" and "Glucosamine hydrochloride" 2 ml 1 time per day for 5 days;
"Meloxicam" 6 mg (1 ml) intramuscularly every other day for a course of 20 injections;
"Artrocelsus", "Struktum" and others.

When conducting course treatment it is also advisable to apply intramuscular injections « Nicotinic acid"or" Nikoshpana "in order to improve capillary circulation in the area of affected intervertebral discs.

Spinal cartilage restoration with manual therapy

It is most effective to restore the cartilage of the spine using manual therapy techniques. They contribute natural process tissue regeneration. Allow to improve general state patient's health.

Our manual therapy clinic uses the following types effects for the restoration of cartilage of intervertebral discs:

traction traction spinal column in order to eliminate compression of the radicular nerves and increase the intervertebral spaces to provide space for the full expansion of the discs;
massage to relieve excess tension from the muscular frame of the back and increase local blood circulation in the area of pathological changes;
osteopathy to improve muscle condition, facet joints and restoration of the position of the vertebral bodies;
reflexology and, as necessary, pharmacopuncture (introduction of drugs into biologically active points in minimal dosages) to start the process of tissue regeneration due to hidden reserves organism;
kinesitherapy and therapeutic exercises to strengthen the muscular frame of the back, correct posture defects, etc.

In addition to manual therapy methods, the patient will be offered a full accompanying consultation on lifestyle changes in such a way as to start the reverse process in the area of pathological changes.

Nutrition for the restoration of cartilage tissue of the spine

Proper nutrition for the restoration of the cartilage tissue of the spine allows you to provide several aspects at once. Firstly, the patient will be able to reduce body weight and tighten muscles with the help of diet and dietary modifications. Second, right organized meals will energize and allow you to work effectively therapeutic gymnastics. Thirdly, with the help of certain foods, you can speed up the process of cartilage tissue repair. Such products include small breeds of marine fish, gelatin, kelp, cartilage tissues of large cattle(used for making jelly).

In addition to nutrition, drinking balance should be restored. You need to accustom yourself to drink at least 2 liters of water per day. This will enhance the hydrophobicity of the cartilage tissue and its cushioning properties.

Avoid sugary soda, coffee, black tea, and chocolate whenever possible. All these drinks include extractive substances that can destroy cartilage tissue in the human body.

Injury, aging, inflammatory processes lead to damage to the cartilage tissue, which is accompanied by pain, decreased mobility. It is important to know how the restoration of the cartilage tissue of the joints takes place in order to take timely measures to rid the body of negative processes. Cartilage is a type of connective tissue. The cartilage of the joint is in contact with the synovial fluid, which is the lubricant between the rubbing joints.

Cartilage tissue has a structure that allows the reverse process of deformation to be performed. A structural feature of cartilage is a small number of cells surrounded by a matrix (intercellular space). The cartilages of the spine have a perichondrium, while the articular cartilages do not. The joint is filled with synovial fluid, which provides it with nutrition. Cartilage tissue is divided into 3 groups according to the ratio of collagen and elastic fibers:

hyaline;
elastic;
fibrous.

Causes and consequences of destruction

Articular cartilage is destroyed by various factors:

Injuries.
Unbearable load on the joint.
Lack of physical activity.
Unbalanced nutrition.
Bad habits.
Deficiency of vitamins, minerals.
Wrong metabolism.
Infections.
Hypothermia.

Also destruction articular cartilage caused by impaired circulation. Cartilage repair is the process of replacing damaged cartilage cells with chondrocytes. Self-healing is 50% and can last up to 10 years. A serious injury carries the risk of incurability to the body, due to low cartilage metabolism.

As a result of negative processes, the process of stratification and thinning of the cartilaginous tissue begins, which leads to difficulty in sliding the bones against each other. The bones are flattened, bone growths appear, a decrease in the bone gap is observed, which is accompanied by constant pain and a significant decrease in mobility.

With absence adequate therapy a person loses the ability not only to work, actively rest, but also to move

Cartilage tissue is not difficult to injure due to weak ligamentous apparatus holding the joint in the correct position. If the cartilage loses its strength and smoothness of the surface, becomes thinner, the joints rub, which leads to increased destruction. If the process is not stopped, bone outgrowths called osteophytes can form. Contributes to the destruction and deficiency of synovial fluid.

To restore cartilage tissue in the joints, it is necessary to create high concentration cells are chondrocytes. With low motor activity, the articular cavity receives insufficient oxygen and nutrients, which has a negative effect on the condition of the cartilage. Therefore, one of the main tasks is to increase physical activity.

Medicines for the formation of chondrocytes

To start the process of restoring joints and cartilage, medications are used:

Adrenalin. It is used daily in small doses to provide an anabolic effect on cartilage tissue. Habituation is not noted.
Polyvinylpyrrolidone. A 15% solution injected into the joint improves the friction of the surfaces.
Anabolic steroid. Help enhance the recovery process.
Hydrocortisone, Prednisolone. Medicines are used for administration by ultrasound or electrophoresis.

If the degree of cartilage deformation is defined as a mild form, it is justified to use chondroprotectors for prophylactic purposes to restore cartilage tissue. Drugs containing Glucosamine and Chondroitin help retain water in cartilage tissue, make joints elastic, and inhibit the activity of cartilage-destroying enzymes.

Substances for recovery

To improve the nutrition of cartilage tissue in the menu of a person who has joint problems, add certain products containing substances that can contribute to the restoration of cartilage.

Collagen

Protein gives joints strength. His dishes contain:

Jelly.
Aspic.
Filled fish.
Fruit jelly.
Milk jelly.
Marmalade.

Patients with articular diseases should systematically use lean varieties meat, fish, dairy products. This will allow the body to produce collagen on its own.

Sulfur

A microelement that promotes the production of molecules that moisturize cartilage, which can become dry and brittle.

The chemical element can be obtained from food

Selenium

Provides cartilage with lubrication. Sulfur without selenium cannot serve as a building material for cartilage. Products containing a large amount of sulfur and selenium: eggs, milk, poultry, beef, cod, sea bass, legumes, buckwheat, wheat, oatmeal.

Omega-3 fatty acids

Substances have the ability to relieve inflammation in the cartilage tissue, activate the restoration of cartilage. Fatty acid found in many types of fish: mackerel, herring, sardine, salmon. Steam cooking is best.

Restoration of cartilage tissue can be carried out if it receives required amount food substances. Insufficient blood circulation and a deviation in the composition of the synovial fluid impede the regeneration of cartilage. Quick Recovery cartilage contributes to the maintenance of a large number of chondrocytes. Need to organize balanced diet by including natural products in fresh without allowing the use of:

fast food
dishes prepared by frying;
fatty foods;
carbonated drinks.

Modern invasive methods

Among the restorative methods used, the following procedures are priority.

Transplantation

A fragment of the patient's cartilage tissue is transplanted to the site of cartilage destruction.
Cartilage tissue is grown in the laboratory, transplanted to the site of the affected cartilage.

Sanation

Removed with an endoscope damaged tissue cartilage, polish its surface. At the same time, regenerative processes are activated, the subsequent destruction of the tissue is suspended.

build up cartilage

The technique was developed in Switzerland and is based on the restoration of cartilage tissue by building up. Surgical intervention lasts for 40 minutes. After removal of cartilage tissue defects through drilled holes from bone marrow extract stem cells. A collagen membrane is superimposed on the affected area, which leads to the accumulation of stem cells capable of producing tissue similar to the one in which they are formed.

Rehabilitation, after building up the cartilage of the hip joint, takes place within 3 months. For elderly patients, the technique of building up cartilage tissue is unacceptable.

Endoprosthetics

It is performed in 2 types: replacement of worn cartilage; surgery when it is necessary to completely replace the knee joint.

The joint is pierced with a “thick” needle, through which an optical video system is inserted, which allows for a complete examination. Arthroscopy makes it possible to examine the damage to the menisci and joints, which is important for the diagnosis of pathology. Conventional studies do not provide such an opportunity. The procedure allows you to remove menisci, chondromatous and osteochondral bodies, arthroplasty, restoration of the ligaments of the knee joint.

Positive results of arthroscopy:
Pain, swelling of the joint disappear.
The range of motion increases.
Motor activity is restored.

The method that achieves the most high score. It is used in the treatment of the knee joint, where cartilage fusion is impossible

It is important for patients that after the procedure there are no postoperative scars. The rehabilitation period lasts a maximum of 5 days.

How traditional healers treat

In combination with medicines used in the restoration of cartilage folk remedies. Proven funds cartilage treatment:

Gelatin

The substance is derived from animal tissues. It has a slowing down effect on the process of destruction of articular tissue, helps to increase the elasticity of cartilage.

Recipe number 1. To prepare the medicine, take 1 tablespoon of gelatin, pour 100 ml of warm boiled water, leave to swell for 7 hours. After the time has elapsed, another 100 ml of water is added. Drink the resulting drink in a warm form in evening time. The course of treatment is 30 days.
Recipe number 2. Two teaspoons of gelatin pour 200 ml of warm boiled milk. Add honey to taste. After an hour of infusion, heated over low heat until the substance is completely dissolved. The mixture is cooled at room temperature, after which it is placed in the refrigerator. Use jelly with caution so as not to cause intestinal upset.

Turmeric

Turmeric anesthetizes, reduces inflammation, relieves swelling, increases joint flexibility.

Recipe number 1. Take 1 teaspoon of turmeric, red pepper on the tip of a knife, 2 tablespoons of chopped ginger. Add mustard oil to the consistency of a paste. The mixture applied to the bandage is applied to the painful joint. After wrapping, leave for 3 hours.
Recipe number 2. Turmeric and ground ginger in equal quantities combined with vegetable oil to the state of gruel. Apply to the painful area of the joint, insulate and leave overnight.

Aloe for cartilage regeneration

Recipe number 1. Shredded aloe leaf is mixed with 2 cloves of crushed garlic, half a medium-sized onion. Bring to a boil over low heat. Cool, apply a compress, wrapping the leg, for 7 hours. Recipe number 2. Grind an aloe leaf, squeeze out the juice. Before each meal, take 1 teaspoon. The course of treatment is 10 days.

Aloe, relieving pain, stimulates the restoration of cartilage

Popular in folk medicine are considered herbal infusions medicinal plants. Recipe number 1. Grind burdock leaves, celandine grass. Fill with vodka. Insist without access to light for 4 days. Rub sore joints for 10 days. Recipe number 2. So, 5 peeled chestnuts are chopped, pour 200 ml of vodka. Withstand 7 days. Use for daily rubbing for 2 weeks.

To the question whether it is possible to restore the joint with folk remedies, there is a definite negative answer. Only in conjunction with drug therapy, folk remedies are able to help the diseased joint.

Physical activity

Growth hormone depends on the intensity of the loads, but often excessive training does not contribute to the restoration of cartilage tissue. The recommendations given should be followed. Training doesn't have to be exhausting. The optimal frequency of training should be determined. The duration of training should not be long. The duration of classes is agreed with the doctor, depending on the condition of the joints and cartilage tissue.

As fuel, before active physical activity, accepted unsaturated fats. It should be remembered: at the end of training, growth hormone in the blood increases by 4 times. There is a misconception that cartilage tissue wears out due to physical exertion.

Physical activity - main method prevention of joint pathologies. Sports activities, light exercises help to improve the nutrition of cartilage tissue, help fight excess weight, strengthen the muscle corset that supports the joints.