I seriously hurt my leg, what should I do? Leg bruise: symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and prevention

A bruise is a closed-type soft tissue injury resulting from mechanical trauma.. Its presence can be determined by the characteristic acute pain, bruising and swelling. To avoid fracture and rupture of ligaments, as well as to avoid possible complications You must go to the hospital within the first 24 hours.

Photo 1. Acute pain is a reason to seek medical help. Source: Flickr (Lydia Lim)

Mechanism of injury and causes of leg injury

As a result mechanical impact on soft tissues, blood vessels are damaged, causing internal hemorrhage, visually determined as swelling and cyanosis skin.

Due to the impact, muscles and joints experience increased load and stress, and nerve endings signal damage by pain varying intensity. The main reasons for getting a bruise:

Mechanical shock in everyday life, at work, on the sports field and in a fight;
Fall from any height;
Road traffic accidents and other accidents;
Tucking the leg.

It is important! Even a slight bruise may indicate not only a ruptured capillary, but also be a symptom closed fracture or cracks in the bone.

Classification and types of bruise

Separate different kinds and degree of bruises based on the location of the damage and the severity of the injury.

By localization

Depending on which part of the leg was hit, bruises of the soft tissues of the hip, knee, ankle joint or fingers. Each of them, despite general symptoms, has its own characteristics.

When soft tissue is bruised, it rarely swells, although bruises on the thigh are not uncommon. Swelling mainly affects the distal segments of the legs: lower leg and foot. Liquid accumulates in the vascular and intercellular space.

Most frequent injury is, in which there is a danger of damage to the ligament and the development of complications.

Often entails deformation of the nail plate, which takes a very long time to recover.

The most painful, due to the fact that tibia equipped big amount vessels that are damaged at the time of injury. This leads to the formation of a subperiosteal hematoma, pronounced edema, and if the wound becomes infected there is a risk of developing inflammatory process V bone tissue- periostitis.

By severity

Bruises are classified according to severity into:

Lungs(1st degree). Observed minor damage soft tissues;
Average(2nd degree). Accompanied by severe pain, the development of hematoma and slight swelling. Possible muscle rupture;
Medium-heavy(3rd degree). Typical tendon ruptures or sprains, as well as joint damage;
Heavy(4th degree). Distinctive feature is a violation of functionality in a certain place of the leg. Serious complications, including disability, are possible.

Symptoms and signs of bruise

Bruises are accompanied by:

Formation of bruising;
Minor or intense pain, depending on the location. The most painful injuries are to the fingers and knees;
Swelling, which over time can take the form of edema;
Impaired joint functionality;
Difficulties in movement.

Note! The size of the hematoma is affected not only by the force of the blow, but also by the condition of the vessels and the fragility of the capillaries.

Differences from fracture

The symptoms of closed fractures and severe bruises are similar, so they are easy to confuse. The difference is that with a bruise there are no violations of the bone structure. Only the skin, muscle tissue and periosteum are susceptible to injury.

It is important! As edema develops, there may be limited mobility in the injured area of the leg. This does not indicate a fracture, but often indicates damage to the joints.

You can distinguish a fracture from a bruise using axial load syndrome. It is necessary to invite the victim to lean on the sore leg or tap on the heel. Sharp pain signals a possible fracture.

First aid

Immediately after an injury occurs, it is important to assess the extent of the damage. If the ankle, foot or knee are injured, the victim must be seated so that leg turned out to be on a hill. This must be done to limit the flow of blood into the limb. This way, you can reduce the formation of excessive bruising.

On the first day necessary apply to the bruised place cold to avoid hematoma formation and reduce pain. If subcutaneous hemorrhage does occur, then in the following days it will be necessary to apply heat to the tissue to resolve the blood clots.

If you bruise your ankle or foot, bandage your leg with an elastic bandage in the shape of a figure eight. The main thing is not to overdo it. Tight bandaging can interfere with blood circulation.

Diagnostics

About availability slight bruise indicates the appearance of a bruise and mild pain. But it is difficult to distinguish a 2-4 degree bruise from a sprain, rupture of ligaments or a possible closed fracture during an external examination. For staging correct diagnosis the doctor will refer the victim to x-ray in a three-dimensional projection, only with the help of this method can a correct diagnosis be made.

Treatment of a leg bruise

The specialist prescribes treatment based on the complexity of the injury. Minor bruises can be treated at home by applying cold on the first day and application warming compresses in the following days.

If there are wounds (scratches and abrasions), you can apply painkillers and protective plasters.

A more serious leg injury requires connection (UHF and electrophoresis) and application medications to resolve the bruise and prevent the formation of ossification.

Surgery

Surgical treatment is only possible for complex bruises which lead to damage to joints and nerves.

Indications for surgery are:

Suppuration of the hematoma;
Ligament rupture or separation from the attachment site;
Intra-articular hemorrhage;
Damage nerve endings.

During surgical intervention surgeon conducts suturing ligaments or nerve endings, removes blood clots from the joint cavity, opens festering bruises, and also carries out other manipulations as necessary.

Drug treatment

The doctor may prescribe warming ointments to the victim:

Finalgon;
Capsicam;
Traumeel;
Diclofenac;
Ibuprofen;
Voltaren;
Lyoton gel;
Troxevasin;
Heparin ointment.

It is important! The products are applied with careful circular movements, barely touching the skin. Rough rubbing can cause a blood clot to form.

Folk remedies and recipes

Best helps speed up the healing process of injured tissue after a bruise alcohol warming compress.

Gauze is moistened generously in vodka or alcohol tincture and apply to the affected area 2-3 times a day, covering the top with plastic wrap and a warm piece of cloth (towel, blanket, scarf).

How to relieve swelling

In case of severe swelling, it is necessary to apply elastic bandages . The leg should be bandaged 2-3 times a day, after applying the absorbable gel (Lioton, Heparin ointment, Hepatrombin, Vental or Troxevasin).

If extensive swelling occurs, the doctor may prescribe phlebotonics(Troxevasin, Detralex, Escusan, or Normoven). Helps well cabbage leaf, applied to the bruised area, it relieves pain and reduces swelling.

Rehabilitation period

The recovery period depends on the degree of damage to internal tissues, physiological characteristics body, as well as compliance bed rest and doctor's recommendations.

Minor bruises do not require rehabilitation and go away on their own in a few days.

After more serious injuries, the patient will need long time to restore full functionality of the leg. In especially severe cases, the patient is bedridden, and during the period of rest the muscles atrophy and require special development.

Need help to speed up the recovery process qualified specialist, who will assess the condition of muscles, joints and ligaments, and then prepare a set of measures Exercise therapy, massage And physiotherapeutic procedures, including UHF and electrophoresis.

Photo 2. Massage helps improve blood circulation and accelerate injury healing.

Many people have experienced leg injuries, most commonly bruises. It is easy to get such an injury, for example, as a result of a fall or collision. After receiving a bruise, swelling develops. If we consider the bruise with medical point vision, soft tissue damage occurs, in which a holistic disorder does not develop; in selected cases, ligament rupture is determined.

Initial symptoms are noticeable immediately after injury. The patient experiences sharp pain, joint damage may occur. If present severe swelling, the leg moves with difficulty. A severe bruise is often observed, formed due to a rupture blood vessels. In the event of a bruise, it is important to begin treatment immediately so that the symptoms do not worsen. There are a number of stages of the disease, each stage is accompanied by own treatment. It is carried out within the walls of a hospital or at home.

Treatment depends on the degree of injury, severity, and characteristics of the human body. For example, a bruise in older people takes longer to heal than in middle-aged people.

All bruises are divided into degrees:

Mild degree is characterized by slight damage to the skin. For example, a small scratch. Treatment in this case is quick, quite three days so that the person can fully recover.
The second degree of severity is characterized by the occurrence of edema, at the same time severe acute pain appears, the patient’s general condition worsens, and it is necessary to consult a traumatologist.
In the third form, there is a severe hematoma, formed due to muscle rupture, a likely complication. Such bruises are typical for knee joint legs
The fourth form of injury is dangerous for a person; there is a risk of remaining disabled.

Before starting treatment, you will need to determine the severity of the injury. If the first degree of severity is present, treatment is carried out at home. In other cases, you need to consult a traumatologist.

Complications from a bruise vary. First of all, a hematoma occurs, which is a hemorrhage under the skin, then edema can form, preventing free movement. Hematoma must be treated with a cold compress, then a tight bandage is applied, and in case of severe pain, an anesthetic is used. If the hematoma reaches large sizes, an operation is being carried out to open it. Blood accumulated under the skin is removed and the bleeding vessel is blocked. If the patient constantly feels acute pain, it is recommended to consult a doctor. The cause may be hidden in the ligament rupture; surgery will be required to restore them.

Selected patients begin to massage the swelling on their own, not suspecting that they are causing thrombophlebitis in this way.

How to start treating a bruise

Treatment of a bruised leg begins with first aid medical care. Proper first aid for a bruise will significantly improve a person’s condition in the future. Initially you will need to remove pain syndrome, then take active action.

After the measures taken, the patient’s condition improves, and the patient is then treated by a doctor who prescribes individual diagnostic procedures.

Treatment of bruises in hospital and at home

If a person is too seriously injured, he is left under the supervision of doctors in a hospital. A tight bandage is applied, painkillers are prescribed, and the ligaments are heated to help them heal faster. Warming up is useful for developing the joint. While the patient is undergoing treatment, it is important that the feet are at rest; in difficult stages, surgery is prescribed to restore the ligaments.

If a person has received a 1-2 degree injury, after providing first aid, continue at home. In the first three days, you will have to take care to relieve swelling by constantly applying it to your leg. cold compress. When the swelling subsides, the bruise is treated warm compresses, perhaps even take hot baths and warm up. Heat treatment aimed at reducing hematoma.

The bruise must be treated with special non-steroidal ointments. If the patient experiences severe pain, you will need to use an anesthetic. Heparin gel and Troxevasin help relieve inflammation. These drugs are prescribed by a doctor; there is a risk of allergic reactions, which will only worsen the patient’s condition.

If the injury is severe, you will need to undergo diagnostics to rule out ligament rupture. If the bruise is not treated, damage to the nerve endings will occur and the bruise will fester. As a rule, when proper care a bruise does not harm a person’s health, especially since pharmacies sell a lot of products and drugs that help quickly relieve swelling and improve a person’s general condition. To cure the disease faster, do not miss the chance to conduct a course of electrophoresis. Even after full recovery the patient is able to observe swelling of the leg in the area former damage for a long time. This happens when there is a lot of stress on the leg.

Treatment of bruises with folk remedies

When treating a bruise, it is worth remembering traditional methods of treatment. Methods proven over the years will be effective and will complement general drug treatment.

To relieve swelling of the leg, soak gauze in vodka and apply it to the bruise for a few minutes.
Will help relieve pain onion. Grate the onion on a coarse grater, wrap it in gauze so that the fabric is saturated with juice and apply to the site of injury for three hours. Repeat the procedure in the evening and morning.
The feet are wiped with vinegar and chopped garlic, the bruise is carefully treated with the mixture, light massage movements The paste is rubbed into the sore spot, improving blood circulation.
Use indoor plant aloe. Squeeze the juice from the plant leaf and use it as a compress. Or cut the leaf in half and apply it to the sore spot; the juice helps relieve inflammation and swelling in the leg.
When the swelling of the leg begins to subside, they are used to promote healing. For example, you can use table salt or use cosmetic sea salt as a base. IN warm water half a pack of salt is diluted, the bruised leg is placed there. Monitor the temperature of the water - hot water is not needed, it will increase blood flow and the bruise will become even larger. Keep your foot in the bath for exactly an hour, then wipe off the water with lotions. It is possible to carry out the procedure daily until the leg fully resumes function and the discomfort when moving disappears.

There are no difficulties in treating a bruise, but you should not leave the disease unattended, so as not to encounter complications in the future that bring trouble to a person’s life. Properly selected treatment methods will help you quickly get back on your feet and return familiar image life. It is important to remember about safety methods; inattention and wearing uncomfortable shoes will play a fatal role in a person’s life, leaving him disabled forever.

Treatment of a bruised leg with swelling is carried out after consulting a doctor. The traumatologist first determines the severity of the injury. With severe bruises, the patient experiences swelling or swelling. At slight damage legs treatment is aimed at eliminating pain.

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To ease the recovery period after a bruise, it is necessary to relieve pain and reduce swelling. The first sign of a bruise is a hematoma. Then swelling occurs. Symptoms of the bruise persist for 3 weeks.

It is recommended to treat the bruise based on the damaged area of the leg. If the knee is injured, it is necessary to apply cold, fixing the knee in a stationary position. If this is not done, there may be a shift kneecap. If the patient is injured at home, it is necessary to take a supine position with a blanket or pillow under the thigh. If a person is injured on the street, it is necessary to take sitting position. In this case, the shin should be located above the thigh.

Shin bruises - dangerous condition, since many pain receptors are located in this area. Such an injury can cause pain shock. In this case, rapid growth of the tumor is observed. A foot contusion can cause small bones to become brittle, which can lead to frequent fractures. In this case it is required urgent help traumatologist. Treatment is prescribed after an x-ray.

First aid

It is important in the first hours after an injury to understand which parts of the body were affected (bones, joints, organs). A pressure bandage is applied to the affected area. The injured leg needs to be rested. Abrasions and scratches are treated disinfectant. You can't steam your leg.

In the first hours, the bruise is treated with cold. It helps to constrict blood vessels and stop bleeding. After 24 hours, warm baths, compresses and lotions are used. They reduce swelling and resolve hematoma. At this stage of therapy, Nanoplast forte is used, an anti-inflammatory patch. The course of treatment at home is 3-9 days.

You cannot rub the bruise yourself. Otherwise, thrombophlebitis may develop. If the swelling does not disappear for a long time, you should consult a traumatologist. For moderate and severe injuries, physiotherapy is prescribed and a UHF device is used. If the leg is swollen, electrophoresis with medicinal solution.

Directions of therapy

We relieve pain symptoms medical supplies(Troxevasin, Travumsel). Collagen cream reduces swelling and promotes limb recovery after injury. Lyoton and Fastum gel have a beneficial effect on damaged areas due to bruises and injuries. At severe damage which are accompanied by pain, the use of painkillers (ointments containing ketanol, diclofenac and analgin) is allowed. After an injury, it is recommended to take a non-steroidal pain reliever (Ibuprofen) orally.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are used for external use. They have an anti-edematous effect. Such products include Dikul balm, Deep Relief gel, Indovazin.

To eliminate the hematoma, ointment or cream with heparin (Girudalgon, Lyoton 1000) is used. Such products improve blood circulation. From vasodilator ointments Capsicam and Apizartron are used. Hematoma resorption can be improved by using enzyme preparations(Wobenzym, Phlogenzym). Their action is aimed at restoring joint mobility.

ethnoscience

Traditional medicine is used to treat bruises. The use of yarrow, plantain, St. John's wort and wormwood is recommended. An infusion is prepared from these herbs. The resulting product is used to treat leg injuries. To remove swelling, you can use iodine by applying a mesh to the area of injury. If at the site of the injury a noticeable bruise, apply lotions of apple cider vinegar, iodine and salt.

You can make an ointment from aloe and honey. The mixture is easily and quickly absorbed into the skin. The remedy will be useful if the patient has severe swelling. Immediately after a bruise, you can apply cottage cheese to the injury. It must first be wrapped in cloth or bandage and placed in the freezer. Dairy products not only keep the cold at bay, but also relieve bruises. Cottage cheese can be replaced with pureed plantain and wild garlic.

If the injury causes swelling or fluid accumulation, it is recommended to prepare a remedy from vegetable oil, boiled water and vinegar. A cloth is soaked in the resulting solution and applied to the problem area of the leg. Cellophane is applied to the bandage and a scarf is tied.

Using Vinegar, Oil and Herbs

You can prepare an ointment from spruce resin, birch tar, lard. The components are taken in the same amount. They are placed in a pot, which is closed with a lid. The container is wrapped with dough and placed in the oven. After 24 hours the pot is removed from the oven. The ointment is applied to the tissue and applied to the sore area of the leg. Before applying the subsequent dressing, it is recommended to warm the ointment and tissue with the dry heat of the oven. This remedy is effective for severe bruises in which the bone is damaged and a purulent process occurs.

Other effective folk remedies for leg injuries:

the use of a copper coin;
wormwood juice;
crushed wormwood leaves - this remedy is used if there is a dislocation or stretching of the tendons;
crushed oak bark with dried daisy flowers: for 1 tbsp. the mixture will require 1 cup of boiling water, the product is infused for 1 hour, then gauze is soaked in the solution, which is then applied to the sore spot.

A situation in which a person accidentally injured his leg, and a tumor appeared in this place literally before our eyes - this is quite common occurrence in life. Tumors and edema that appear in places of bruises are not always a direct consequence of injury. But, be that as it may, we need quick and effective help injured limb.

There are many reasons for the occurrence of edema or swelling in the legs; the most common cause is all kinds of injuries, but not only, for example:

any bruise, even when falling from a bicycle, even if your foot hits a door frame or furniture;
all types of sprains, ranging from caused uncomfortable shoes or excessive zeal during banal gymnastics, resulting in damage from falls, for example, in icy conditions;
inflammation in joints or muscles;
consequences of cracks or any violations in the integrity of the bone;
progressive course of any disease or pathology.

This list is far from complete, since swelling of the legs or their swelling can be the result of many factors, for example, cardiac dysfunction, or stagnation of fluid in the body, changes hormonal levels, and a number of other reasons. At the same time, a tendency to swelling may appear immediately after a bruise of a limb.

For these reasons, it is better not to postpone a visit to the doctor. Since a person may assume that the leg is swollen due to broken knee, but the true cause of the tumor may be other reasons. Only a specialist can accurately determine them and prescribe the most effective drugs in a particular case.

It is worth noting that there is a certain group of people whose maximum at risk limb injuries. People who are usually prone to such injuries, swelling and swelling of the legs are:

athletes, based on statistics, they, regardless of gender and age, make up half permanent patients traumatology;
women who constantly flaunt high-heeled shoes;
elderly people, the fact is that after fifty, joint mobility decreases and various pathologies develop, in addition, it is much more difficult for old people not to twist their leg when climbing into a vehicle or slipping on the street;
people suffering from significant overweight or metabolic disorders, overweight significantly increase the load on the legs, and the disturbed balance of the body makes it difficult to heal the consequences of injuries or bruises.

Physiological reasons for a predisposition to edema or swelling of the legs after bruises or injuries, as well as without them, can be:

a strenuous work day in which the position of the limbs is constant, for example, sitting on a chair for many hours. No breaks;
standing for a long time, standing work, like a salesman or waiter;
excess salt in the diet, drinking too much;
hot weather;
uncomfortable shoes;
playing sports;
pregnancy.

TO pathological reasons, in which even a small bruise of the leg will lead to swelling, include:

diabetes mellitus of all types;
heart and vascular diseases;
pathologies of the liver, kidneys or thyroid gland;
tendency to varicose veins.

Therefore, if with every bruise or injury to the legs, tumors and swelling appear, even immediately, even within 24 hours, lasting for some time, it is necessary to seek advice and undergo examinations.

After all, swelling is a symptom that may indicate the presence of any disease or predisposition to it.

The most common injuries, which almost always lead to swelling and swelling of the legs, include:

bruises;
dislocations;
sprains;
fractures;
muscle or ligament ruptures.

For them to be as quickly and effective treatment you need to visit a traumatologist and, in the future, strictly follow his instructions.

Legs below the knees become swollen (edematous) - what to do?

If you experience frequent swelling of your legs, especially below the knees, you should consult a doctor to determine the cause of this symptom and choose the most suitable treatment. Frequent reasons for such swelling are:

Typically, doctors use A complex approach to treatment, including diagnostics, medications, physiotherapy, and, if necessary, surgery.

Diagnosis is very important, as it is the basis for the entire course of treatment. It consists of the following stages:

general blood analysis;
Analysis of urine;
allergen tests;
ultrasound examinations of organs to identify pathologies;
cardiogram;
X-ray of bones and joints.

Depending on what the studies reveal, doctors prescribe the following medications:

decongestant medications such as indamethacin, or ointments such as troxevasin, heparin ointment or lyoton;
anti-inflammatory drugs are mainly prescribed non-steroidal drugs, such as diclofenac and ibuprofen;
allergy medications, usually time-tested suprastin or tavegil;
diuretics that help remove stagnant excess fluid from the body; furosemide is considered the most effective of these drugs.

In the fight against swelling and swelling of the legs, he does not lag behind medications and ethnoscience. The following remedies are considered the most effective and popular.

Flaxseed decoction.

Pour two tablespoons of flax seeds into a liter of water and cook over low heat for about twenty minutes. The broth should steep for at least a couple of hours. The resulting volume healing liquid You need to drink it within 24 hours. The course lasts a couple of weeks, with daily consumption.

Birch wraps.

Wrap your legs tightly with birch leaves and buds; you can secure them with a regular bandage. Wear until noticeable sweating occurs, usually within a couple of hours.

After this, replace the leaves and buds with fresh ones. You can also sleep with this wrap.

There are no restrictions on the use of the method; moreover, this method is very convenient for people in their dachas.

Baths with herbs and pine needles.

In order for such therapy to significantly help, you will need two contrasting containers into which you can lower your legs up to your knees. Buckets are ideal. One bath should contain hot water, half consisting of a decoction of pine needles, currant leaves, birch, and raspberries.

The second should be cool, but with the same composition. The idea is that your feet should be immersed in the bath one at a time. This will open up your pores and make your skin sweat a lot. Excess liquid will literally spill out of your skin.

What to do if your legs are swollen at the bottom of the foot

The reasons that cause swelling of the feet and ankles, in addition to the diseases already listed, include:

insect bites, snake bites;
splinters;
injuries, dislocations, cracks, sprains;
tendency to arthritis of the foot;
alcohol abuse, especially in hot weather;
incorrectly selected shoes, including such a parameter as the fullness of the last;
taking any hormone-containing medications.

With swelling of the feet, specialists usually identify the cause, only then prescribing treatment. However, diuretics are usually prescribed.

If there is a splinter, foreign body is removed, and the wound is treated with iodine or brilliant green and isolated with a plaster. In this case, the swelling goes away on its own quite quickly.

If the cause of the tumor is the bite of a snake or an insect, for example, an ant, you should immediately drop everything and consult a doctor.

Especially if the swelling is accompanied by an increase in temperature. In severe cases, hospitalization is possible, and the prescribed course medicinal drugs is individual and depends on what poison has entered the body.

In the absence of diseases, splinters and serious injuries requiring surgical intervention In addition to diuretics, ointments help well:

voltaren;
Lyoton;
fastum;
troxevasin.

External medications containing propolis or snake venom are often prescribed. These drugs, in addition to fighting the tumor, have beneficial influence on the joints.

TO folk remedies, which help to cope with swollen feet and ankles include:

Cucumber wraps.

The cucumbers themselves and the leaves, even the stems, need to be crushed, and the feet and ankles should be completely wrapped in this pulp. A simple bandage is useful for fixation. Leave overnight.

This method has an amazing cooling effect, providing complete relief from fatigue. In addition to wrapping, when frequent swelling wait, it's worth making cucumbers permanent daily product nutrition.

Baths with infusions.

For edema and swelling of the feet and ankles, it is recommended to take warm foot baths, consisting entirely of herbal infusions.

Sage, chamomile and horsetail should be mixed in equal proportions and brewed at the rate of five liters of water per 300 grams of raw materials.

Leave for several hours in a dark place. If you do this during the day, then before going to bed you can use the infusion, which has not yet completely cooled down, that is, you do not have to warm it up. Similar procedures give very good effect when repeated daily.

Rubbing.

A very old Slavic method, in which the feet are rubbed, practically massaged, rubbed into the skin:

badger fat;
bear fat.

Before the procedure, lard and fat are heated so that they do not burn, but are easily absorbed. Then the feet and ankles are loosely wrapped in a dry and hot cloth and left overnight. You can wear wool socks over the fabric.

I hurt my leg and it is swollen: the most obvious signs of a bruise, what to do

In cases where everything possible reasons nothing to do with it, but there is a swelling after a severe bruise, urgent action must be taken.

First aid for a bruise involves simple steps:

apply ice or any cold object to the affected area - a bag of frozen vegetables will do;
after cooling, lubricate the bruise with a universal ointment, for example, troxevasin, and apply a fixing bandage; if there is no elastic bandage, then a simple bandage will do;
To prevent the potential threat of thrombosis, take a couple of aspirin tablets.

Treat bruises with non-steroidal ointments:

heparin ointment;
troxevasin;
traumeel;
balm “Rescuer”.

Diversity non-steroidal drugs from bruises and contusions is now very high, so you should listen to which of these drugs the doctor recommends.

Traditional medicine has accumulated considerable experience in treating bruises, and the most popular of these methods include all kinds of compresses:

Honey compress.

Mix a tablespoon of honey and a tablespoon of vodka, moisten a thick cloth, such as linen, with this mixture, and apply to the bruise.

Onion compress.

Grate the onion, place the resulting pulp on the site of the bruise, you can cover it with gauze to fix it, leave the compress for 2-3 hours.

Herbal compress.

Mix yarrow, chamomile, nettle and horsetail in equal proportions, brew with a small amount of boiling water until it brews to form a herbal paste. Warm up the bruise by rubbing with alcohol, any alcohol lotion will do, lay out the herbal grounds, fix the compress gauze bandage and leave for 2-3 hours.

Leg bruise

First aid for a bruised shin is similar normal actions for any bruises, dislocations or sprains:

cool;
treat with universal ointment for bruises;
apply a bandage;
Take aspirin to prevent blood clots.

Towards effective medications Treat shin bruises the same way non-steroidal ointments and diuretics. The same ibuprofen very effectively treats a bruise on the lower leg, in combination with taking tablets orally and using ointment externally.

TO folk remedies For the treatment of shin bruises, of course, compresses are used.

Fat-based products are considered to be the most effective for this part of the legs.

In the old days, a compress on the shin was made on badger fat, now the fatty base has been replaced by cosmetic Vaseline, which, of course, has reduced the healing rate. However, the recipes for compresses are quite simple and will bring nothing but benefits:

Iodine compress.

Simple alcohol solution Mix iodine with a fat base, place on the bruise and secure with gauze. Leave for an hour.

Birch compress.

Grind the birch “earrings”, mix with fat or Vaseline, fix the compress on the shin with a simple bandage, and leave for 2-3 hours.

If you bruise your lower leg, you should definitely visit a traumatologist, since such injuries are often the basis for the formation and development various pathologies, such as neoplasms on muscle tissue or bones.

I sprained my ankle, my ankle is swollen - what should I do?

Any dislocation that results in swelling of the ankle is serious reason go to the emergency room. With such dislocations or bruises, there is a high probability of damage to the joint, microscopic cracks, or stretching, and possibly rupture, of the ligaments. Even if the patient did not fall down the stairs, but only stumbled while walking, the consequences can be dire.

First aid measures include cooling the area of the bruise or dislocation; there is no need to apply bandages or use medications before visiting a doctor.

For such injuries, be sure to do X-ray, depending on its result, the doctor prescribes treatment, applies a fixing bandage or, in severe cases, a plaster cast, and explains what exactly the restrictions on physical activity will be.

Medicines prescribed are usually painkillers and diuretics.

If the dislocation is just a dislocation, folk remedies help a lot:

Compress wrap made from herbal mixtures.

Horsetail, nettle, yarrow and birch buds are mixed in equal proportions and brewed to form a paste, which is used to wrap a swollen ankle using a simple gauze bandage. The compress is left for 2-3 hours.

Honey and badger fat can be used effectively as a regular ointment to lubricate the sprained area.

You can also safely classify such a wonderful medicine as “Zvezdochka” balm as a folk remedy. unique composition of this Vietnamese drug makes it one of the the best means to treat injuries such as sprains.

Also good are drugs sold in pharmacies containing snake venom and propolis.

Alcohol compresses will also be useful.

Puncture of leg with a nail

Of course, you need to visit a doctor. Since blood poisoning is possible, or damage that is not immediately noticeable, but can lead to serious pathologies, for example, if any nerve is affected, this may lead to future seizures.

First aid methods for such injuries include:

treatment of the wound, not only superficially, but also deeply, you can lubricate the edges with iodine. And pour miramistin solution inside;
complex treatment with a solution of potassium permanganate or furatsilin is possible;
Isolation of the wound with a bandage or plaster is, as a rule, not entirely sufficient for punctures.

For treatment puncture wounds The following local medications are used on the feet:

All these ointments contain antimicrobial substances in their compositions, reliably and quickly eliminate infection and heal the wound. Sometimes, if the temperature rises, a course of antibiotics is prescribed wide range influences such. How:

levofloxacin;
clindamycin;
macrolide.

Medicines containing these antibiotics will easily eliminate any, even the most complex infection.

Among the folk remedies used for puncturing the leg, there is only one thing - plantain. You can just attach a sheet back side to the wound, you can prepare a paste from the leaves and put it on the sore spot.

Compresses for such injuries are not allowed, even alcohol, as they interfere with healing damaged tissue, and, accordingly, slow down the healing process.

I was bitten by a midge, my leg is swollen - what to do?

Insect bites usually cause allergic tumors. In such cases, you need to consult a doctor only if the temperature has risen, the swelling progresses, with a bright red coloration of the skin. Of course, you shouldn’t wait for these signs, but if a doctor is not nearby, you don’t have to worry about these symptoms and do it on your own.

First aid for insect bites:

wash the bite site with soap;
treat the skin boric acid or alcohol-containing lotion;
lubricate the damage with rich baby cream.

Speaking about treatment, it is worth remembering anti-allergy drugs, such as:

suprastin;
tavegil.

Locally, the bite should be treated only to relieve itching; this can be dealt with well by:

boric acid;
miramistin.

To folk remedies that successfully combat edema caused by allergic reaction for insect bites include regular parsley and celery. The most effective recipes it could be considered:

A compress of leaves and roots of celery or parsley.

The root and leaves are ground into a paste; this can be done fairly quickly using a blender. The mixture is placed on the site of the bite and any swelling, and fixed with gauze. The duration of action is a couple of hours.

A decoction of parsley or celery leaves.

The leaves of the plant are boiled over low heat for about ten minutes, after which the broth is infused and cooled. Drink about a liter a day. This is an excellent anti-allergenic remedy that completely cleanses the body of toxins and quickly relieves allergic swelling.

Juice from the roots and leaves of parsley and celery.

Using a juicer, squeeze the juice from the rhizome and leaves, lubricate the bite site with it, you can also use it internally, 3-4 drops per half a glass of water.

What can't you do?

In case of bruises, various leg injuries and subsequent swelling or edema, under no circumstances should you:

ignore the damage and do not consult a doctor;
warm the injury site;
subject the injured limb to physical activity;
use independently medications, such as antibiotics;
go to the emergency room for public transport without fixing or marking the injured area;
abuse painkillers, ranging from analgin to novocaine injections;
overly rely on folk recipes, ignoring doctors' orders;
Try to reduce dislocations yourself.

To summarize, it should be noted that any, even the most insignificant, at first glance, damage or systematically appearing symptoms can have far-reaching consequences.

Therefore, for any injury, be it a small bruise or a serious dislocation, you should definitely contact a doctor. The same should be done if swelling in the legs constantly appears. A visit to doctors will allow you to correctly diagnose the condition, and, therefore, effectively and completely cure the disease.

IN next video clearly shows what to do in case of injury in case of a bruised leg.

Nowadays it is difficult to find a person who has never received abrasions, injuries or bruises in his life. Most of these injuries are not serious, and often people don't even notice them. However, a leg bruise stands out among this type of injury. It should be taken as seriously as possible, because if you do not pay due attention to this damage, unpleasant consequences may arise.

The most prudent and correct option in this case, contact a traumatologist and follow his advice. However, given the rhythm modern life, a person does not always find time to visit a specialist. Therefore, treating a bruised leg at home becomes relevant.

What is a leg bruise?

This injury has a fundamental difference from a fracture. It consists in the fact that when a bruise occurs, the integrity of the skin is not compromised, which cannot be said about a broken leg. However, in the first case, damage to the blood vessels and lymphatic vessels. Because of this, hemorrhage occurs.

Externally, the damaged area appears as a bruise or even a hematoma. In this case, this place is almost always compacted, and there is also a disturbance in the functioning of the muscles. When pressing on the injured area, the patient will feel pain of different nature: from sharp to dull. This depends directly on the severity of the damage, the size of the hematoma and some other factors.

What causes a foot bruise?

As you know, a person moves a lot, and all the load falls on the legs. It is worth noting that lower limbs According to statistics, they are the most traumatic parts of the body. Severe bruise legs can be obtained in several ways.

The main causes of damage are:

falling from a height when landing on your feet;
a blow to the foot with a heavy object;
compression of the leg;
falling of a heavy object on the leg;
unsuccessful landing after a jump.

It is worth noting that in most cases, small children injure their feet, as they are constantly in motion (jumping, running, etc.). There is also Great chance“earn” a bruise during lessons physical culture At school. Parents should know about treating a bruised leg at home, since no one is immune from such an injury. When a child comes home with a hematoma on his leg, first aid must be provided immediately.

Symptoms of injury

Before talking about treatment for a bruised leg, you should consider the signs of damage. After all, it is not difficult to distinguish a bruise from a fracture, but if you do not know the basics, you can waste precious time identifying the nature of the injury. The first minutes are probably the most important. During this period of time, you need to have time to provide first aid in order to further recovery happened as quickly as possible.

Among the main symptoms of a leg injury are:

sharp pain that gradually subsides;
a hematoma that appears after a bruise on the leg (usually several hours later);
swelling in the area of injury;
maintaining leg mobility.

The last sign distinguishes a fracture from a bruise, because in the first case the patient will not be able to move his leg for some time. In any case, it is necessary to contact a specialist as soon as possible. This way you can avoid serious complications, and get valuable advice from the doctor.

First aid for a bruised leg

As noted above, first aid should not be neglected in case of injury. It is not always the case that a person gets a leg injury near medical institution so that you can immediately contact a specialist. Therefore, it is necessary to consider some ways in which you can alleviate the patient’s condition at home.

If you bruise your leg, you should take some actions:

To begin with, it is worth providing the victim with peace. To do this, you need to place it on a horizontal surface and slightly raise the injured leg.
Then, if possible, give the injured person a pain reliever.
Ice should be applied to the damaged area after wrapping it in a cloth. This action will relieve pain and prevent bruising.
If you have an ointment on hand for bruises, swelling, and bruises, you should definitely use it.
If there are wounds, they must be washed, treated with an antiseptic and bandaged.

Classification

There are two main types of injury in question:

Bruised fingers. Oddly enough, this is the most common type of damage, most often seen in the summer when people wear open-toed shoes. Usually occurs due to a blow from a heavy object. In most cases, the nail plate is damaged, the injury is accompanied by severe pain, swelling and discoloration of the skin in the affected area.
Damage to the dorsum and sole of the foot. This type occurs as a result of compression of the leg, a fall from a height, a collision with a vehicle, etc. In such cases, it becomes difficult for a person to move, bruises appear after two to three days.

Treating a bruised leg at home

None of us are immune from injury. In any case, we must be prepared to deal with damage, and this will require knowledge. So, what to do if you bruise your leg? It is necessary to first cope with the swelling in order to do further rehabilitation simple and short-lived. To do this, remember first aid:

it is necessary to ensure complete rest for the patient;
A cold compress should be applied to the injured area;
If there are wounds, you need to treat them and apply a bandage.

If the sick person has a slight injury, then you can safely use ointment for bruises, bruises, and swelling, preferably on oil based. The most effective are bodyaga and " Ambulance". At least one of these ointments must be in your first aid kit to avoid unpleasant consequences.

Traditional therapy

Many people don't trust medicines, therefore, traditional methods of treatment are often used, especially when it comes to bruises or abrasions. A universal remedy A plantain leaf has always been considered a remedy for injuries of this kind. However, this is far from the only way. Let's consider the treatment of leg bruises with folk remedies.

To relieve inflammation, you can dissolve salt in warm water and place the injured leg there for about an hour. Remember that when using ointments according to traditional methods It is not recommended to rub the area of injury, otherwise the veins will become blocked.

After first aid has been provided, you can continue treating the bruise in the following ways:

wet the towel warm milk and apply to the damaged area, cover with cling film;
mash the potatoes and apply them to the injured area;
if you find fresh wormwood, you can grind it into porridge and also apply it to the bruise;
grate the onion and apply the resulting porridge to the injured area several times during the day for 20 minutes.

Possible complications

What to do if you bruise your leg? The answer is simple - provide first aid. Under no circumstances should complications be allowed to arise. They usually arise as a result of incorrect or untimely treatment. Then there is a high probability of hemarthrosis, which is an accumulation of inflammatory fluid in the joint. This is a very unpleasant and painful phenomenon.

If the cartilage is damaged as a result of a bruise, post-traumatic arthrosis may occur. In the case when the leg was in one position for a long time, it was fixed, there is a possibility of the appearance of trophic ulcers. Therefore, do not delay treating a bruised leg at home, because later you will have to face a more serious test.

Rehabilitation

After the specialist has identified the injury and removed the swelling, he must prescribe restorative therapy. Its success depends on compliance with the doctor’s advice, the severity of the injury, as well as on the human body itself. However, before prescribing treatment, a specialist must understand the situation in detail so that recovery occurs as quickly and successfully as possible.

Doctors usually prescribe exercises for the patient physical therapy, manual therapy, occupational therapy, etc. However modern medicine proposes new restoration methods that need to be carefully studied and their effectiveness assessed.

It is worth noting that you cannot insure yourself against injury. To avoid it, in most cases you just need to be careful and careful. But if you are bruised, immediately give yourself first aid and contact a specialist as soon as possible.