Reduced thyroid gland consequences. Small thyroid gland, what does this mean? Chronic autoimmune thyroiditis consequences

The article contains information about what the volume norm should be thyroid gland in women, as well as about the standard linear dimensions of the organ. In addition, a pathology such as thyroid hypoplasia is described here in detail, indicating the reasons for its development and consequences for the patient’s body. The available information is confirmed by the video in this article, as well as photo materials.

Thyroid diseases are increasingly common in the human population, and this problem is especially relevant for the fair sex, due to some characteristics of their bodies:

More frequent hormonal shocks.
Tendency to react vividly to experiences and stressful situations.
Abuse of diets, which are the causes of metabolic disorders.

Important! Often, in their initial stages, pathologies of the thyroid gland do not produce clear symptoms, forcing patients to seek help from doctors. These diseases develop slowly, gradually destroying the thyroid gland.

They can be identified in a timely manner only with the help of instrumental methods examinations. A doctor, performing an ultrasound or tomogram of the thyroid gland, will see a discrepancy between the volume, structure and linear dimensions of the organ normal values, which will allow him to suspect certain disease and start the fight for human health in a timely manner.

Structure

This endocrine organ is similar in appearance to a butterfly and consists of three main parts:

Right lobe.
Left lobe.
Isthmus.

Interesting! About half of the human population has another part, a process extending from the isthmus, the pyramidal lobe.

The location of the gland is the anterior surface of the neck in the area of the trachea and the side walls of the larynx. When studying the volume and linear dimensions of an organ, as a rule, the parameters of its lobes are taken into account.

In teenage girls and young women, the thyroid gland is active and rarely bothers them. However, with age, hormone production decreases.

The first signs of this are:

Weakness on waking.
Nervousness for no reason.
Aggressiveness.

During examination, even palpation, it can be detected. Will show a more accurate picture ultrasound examination, the price of which is affordable, and the information content is quite high.

Organ sizes

The normal volume of the thyroid gland in women does not exceed 18 cm3. If there is a deviation from this value upward, one can suspect the presence of various kinds inflammatory processes, as well as foci of nodulation (see). However, in representatives of the fairer sex, the size of the gland can change even against the background of complete health.

The following cases may be the reason for this:

Puberty (increase, then decrease to normal).
Pregnancy (increase, then decrease to normal).
Menopause (gradual decrease).

As body weight increases, the size of the organ increases.

Thyroid gland volume, normal for women, table:

In children under sixteen years of age, the volume of the thyroid gland should not exceed 15 cm3. At the same time, the difference in this indicator between girls and boys of the same age can be from 1 to 1.5 cm 3.

Normal thyroid gland volumes for children of different age groups are indicated in the table below:

Age (years)	Organ volume (cm 3)
6	4.00 – 5.50
7 – 8	6.00 – 7.00
9 – 10	7.50 – 9.00
11	9.00 – 10.00
12	10.50 – 12.00
13	12.50 – 14.00
14	14.50 – 15.00
15	15.50 – 16.00

Before children enter adolescence, the volume of the thyroid gland in representatives of both sexes is approximately the same, but after reaching twelve years of age, this indicator young girls grows faster than boys.

Ultrasound of the thyroid gland

This technique additional research is the most commonly used to determine the size of the gland.

Ultrasound allows you to accurately determine many additional parameters of the organ:

Length.
Width.
Volume.
Thickness.
Structure.

Reduction in thyroid size in adults

A diagnosis such as hypoplasia is used to indicate insufficient gland size in children, while adult patients are diagnosed with thyroid atrophy. Because in these cases we're talking about about reducing the initial parameters. And this happens due to thyroiditis or hypothyroidism. Any of these diseases can be treated at all stages except the final stage.

And, if the volume of the thyroid gland in women is minimal, then they should pay maximum attention to their health, because their bodies are already balancing on the verge of normal and this precarious balance can be upset at any time. Therefore, in order not to waste time, you need to be regularly examined by an endocrinologist, even in the absence of complaints.

Why does the thyroid gland shrink with age, and what does this mean?

Why is the thyroid gland so important for the body? The fact is that of all the known hormones produced in the body, thyroid hormones have the most wide range actions. Any disruption of the functioning of this small organ affects the energy tone of the whole organism, including the activity of the central nervous system. nervous system.

Causes of decreased thyroid gland

It is known that in elderly people (over 65 years of age), thyroid diseases are observed twice as often as in other age groups.

Experts call a decrease in the size of the thyroid gland hypoplasia. This disease is much more common in women, and its main cause is hereditary factor. Most often this happens when the expectant mother had a lack of iodine in the body. Hypoplasia usually occurs without severe symptoms Therefore, at the time of diagnosis, the disease is often already in a chronic form.

Another reason why the thyroid gland shrinks is autoimmune thyroiditis-inflammation of the thyroid gland due to disturbances in the functioning of the immune system. Antibodies of immunity begin to destroy thyroid cells, mistaking them for "hostile".

And, probably, the main reason for the decrease in the thyroid gland is the aging of the body.

What are the dangers of a decreased thyroid gland?

A decrease in the thyroid gland in size leads to insufficient production of thyroid hormones - hypothyroidism. According to statistics, this is one of the most common diseases of the endocrine system.

Hypothyroidism has serious consequences for various systems body: cardiovascular, nervous, digestive, osteoarticular, muscular, etc. Hypothyroidism plays important role in the unfavorable course of a number of common diseases, such as:

arterial hypertension;
obesity;
type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Even light form Hypothyroidism slows down the removal of cholesterol and, as a result, hyperlipidemia develops.

The representatives of the senior age group A decrease in the thyroid gland does not appear too pronounced, and is often perceived as natural aging of the body. Clinically, this is manifested by slow mental and physical functions, intolerance to heat and cold, weight gain, constipation, decreased elasticity of the arteries, hypertension and anemia.

In both men and women, hypothyroidism causes lethargy, drowsiness, deterioration of attention and memory, dry skin, hair loss, constipation, decreased sexual desire. In the absence of therapy, severe and life-threatening hypothyroidism can result in hypothyroid coma.

Buy “Thytovito-shield” to protect the thyroid gland

Exists great amount recommendations for the health of the heart, stomach, musculoskeletal system. So why should the thyroid gland be left unprotected. Maintaining hormonal status at the proper level, especially in old age, will allow balm "Shitovit-shield" buy which you can in our online store.

"Shitovito-shield" is the result of 10 years of work of specialists from different countries. Scientists, herbalists, endocrinologists and technologists have developed a recipe for the drug based exclusively on herbal ingredients.

Thanks to the clinically selected multicomponent composition, the drug has a multispectral effect on the body. By taking Thyroid-Shield you restore thyroid function, normalize the production of thyroid hormones, restore tissue structure body, replacing its reduction and preventing the formation of nodular formations.

Today, they prefer to buy "Schitovit-shield" as buyers of older age category, and very young men and especially women. And this is not surprising, because over the past decade, problems with the thyroid gland have become noticeably younger. Autoimmune thyroiditis is increasingly observed in 3-40 year olds, and the disease develops more quickly and more aggressively in them. This disease can be compared to a time bomb. Autoimmune thyroiditis creeps up unnoticed. IN initial stage During development, the disease is asymptomatic, but almost always ends in hypothyroidism, against the background of which the entire body gradually collapses and quickly ages.

Buying “Shchitovito-shield” means getting started preventive measures problems with the thyroid gland. And we advise you not to hesitate on this issue.

Read 5842 once

Problems with the thyroid gland are one of the most popular diseases on the list. Most of them are associated with organ enlargement. Reduction of the thyroid gland (atrophy or hypoplasia), a condition opposite to enlargement, is rarely considered. The fact is that even reduced (or reduced in volume after surgery), as a rule, it continues to produce sufficient quantity hormones.

Why does the organ shrink?

Besides surgical intervention When part of a lobe or an organ is removed completely, several possible scenarios and conditions for reduction occur:

Congenital hypoplasia.
Consequences of the development of autoimmune thyroiditis.
Pituitary gland diseases.
Advanced age.

Congenital (childhood) hypoplasia

The primacy among the causes of a reduced thyroid gland belongs to a congenital defect. Usually arising due to a banal iodine deficiency in the maternal diet during pregnancy, it turns out to be a serious problem.

If a pregnant woman does not have enough iodine for at least a significant period of the gestation period, the amount of hormones produced by the thyroid gland (triiodothyronine and thyroxine) will be insufficient. Last, with huge probability, will affect the fetus in the form of underdevelopment of thyroid tissue. As a result, the reduced organ is not able to provide the body with hormonal hormones.

In particular, underdevelopment of an organ in a child is very likely if a mother suffering from hypothyroidism (insufficient production of thyroid hormones) was not treated, did not receive proper medical care and therapy before or during pregnancy.

Symptoms and manifestations of hypoplasia in a child:

decreased appetite or refusal to eat;
jaundice;
problems reacting to sound and light;
developmental delay;
lethargy and drowsiness;
hoarseness of voice;
tendency to constipation and discomfort in the stomach.

First signs. Already from the second or third month of a baby’s life, a decrease in the thyroid gland reveals itself. Since the manifestations of hypoplasia are associated with hormonal deficiency, the group of signs of the disease is characterized by a combination of functional manifestations and developmental problems (thyroid hormones are responsible for correct formation and the work of the central nervous system, brain, skeletal bones).

Such a deficiency provokes a delay in mental and physical development, development of cretinism, whole line neurological disorders. The listed symptoms become more and more pronounced (in the absence of proper therapeutic effects). With age, a reduced thyroid gland provokes difficulties with development, learning and adaptation: the baby moves awkwardly and begins to speak late. He is prone to puffiness and lethargy in the morning. Due to bad peripheral circulation, is often characterized by pale skin and cold extremities (therefore, it really needs regular physical activity and walks). Sometimes bradycardia, a slow heart rate, occurs.

Calcium deficiency and growth. Due to the fact that thyroid hormones provide metabolism, their lack inhibits metabolism and absorption useful elements. A blow to a child is especially sensitive calcium metabolism. Calcium deficiency significantly slows down growth processes ( bone age lags behind the actual), mineral deficiency has a bad effect on hair and nails.

Childhood (or congenital) hypoplasia, left without proper treatment, leads to slower growth and development, disturbances in the functioning of many body systems. If you observe any of the listed signs, even if you just suspect something is wrong with the child’s lethargy, you must immediately undergo an examination (check the blood for thyroid hormones and antibodies to them, do an ultrasound). Treatment is usually hormone replacement therapy.
Sick children need to be provided with conditions for pleasant and regular physical activity (water treatments, swings, cycling, outdoor games fresh air, hiking), comfortable rest, minimizing stress. Psychological stress and moral suffering (from reproaches, discontent) have a tremendous impact on them: they significantly worsen the body’s resistance, contribute to the destruction of the nervous system and psyche.
It is necessary to organize high-quality good nutrition, because the ability to assimilate useful material small. Everything is selected individually, by monitoring the state after eating (there should be no lethargy, heaviness, or discomfort). Typically, a child's personal preferences (and the amount of food they choose) will lead to optimal diet, saturated necessary elements, fully digestible products. This may seem unusual and even frightening, but in practice it happens that ordinary seafood (most often!) or tomatoes in a light marinade with spices, or melted cow butter, which the baby persistently reaches for, rejecting porridge, are indeed capable of stabilizing his condition, speeding up metabolism, facilitating digestion.

Reduced thyroid gland in adults

In relation to adult patients, medicine uses both the diagnostic name of the disease “hypoplasia” and the functional one - “atrophy” of the thyroid gland. Why does the organ shrink over the years? The reasons may be:

changes in the body that occur as a result of the onset of old age or menopause;
autoimmune thyroiditis;
pituitary disease.

Autoimmune thyroiditis. Mostly hypoplasia is formed against the background of hypothyroidism, due to autoimmune disorder(autoimmune thyroiditis is the most common thyroid disease, occurring against the background of stress, lack of iodine or other elements, and poor environment). This type of organ problem is the most common in Russia.

Autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT, Hashimoto's thyroiditis) is an inflammation of the thyroid gland due to an attack by one's own antibodies. At normal operation organ, it suddenly becomes an “enemy” of the body, is bombarded by the immune system, and is saturated with leukocytes. The latter call chronic inflammation gland, from which some of the cells of its tissues die. Organ atrophy occurs. The “surviving” part cannot cope with the functions, and hormonal deficiency occurs - hypothyroidism.

Those suffering from a decrease in thyroid gland often look sluggish and swollen, always tired and ready to doze off, have overweight. Since the hormonal situation in their body slows down all processes, and the violation water-salt metabolism causes swelling of fatty tissue, inevitable weight gain occurs (the person seems to be bloated).

The condition can become severe enough over time to lead to fatal outcome(without therapeutic intervention). But there is no reason for concern for those who apply for medical care: modern diagnostics And hormonal drugs able to provide stable full life with this disease.

Common symptoms observed when an organ is reduced:

nervous disorders;
incomprehensible (unreasonable) fears, anxiety;
swelling of the tongue and/or mild inflammation throat;
lowering the timbre of the voice, its weakness and hoarseness;
swelling of the legs and the whole body, puffiness of the face;
drowsiness, drowsiness, apathy;
occasional feeling of mental helplessness or impotence;
chilliness, lowering the temperature and blood pressure;
inhibited, sluggish metabolism (metabolism), accompanied by constipation, unpleasant sensations and heaviness in the abdomen;
dry skin and hair;
seals in the thyroid gland;
decreased hemoglobin and anemic conditions.

Women are characterized by the slowest and mildest course of the disease. Hypofunction occurs in them, however, more often than in men. It is difficult to identify the problem, since its symptoms have much in common with other diseases and conditions.

Reduced thyroid does not give sharp signals of his troubles; traditionally they are vague or irrelevant.

It can be difficult to compare the signs and accurately diagnose a decreased thyroid gland. Similarity of manifestations with symptoms of kidney diseases, of cardio-vascular system, overwork - all this prevents you from contacting an endocrinologist on time.
Usually it is possible to go in the right direction if several symptoms are present at the same time. In this case, comprehensive examination provides an understanding of the full picture, thanks to tests for cholesterol, sugar, hemoglobin and hormones. The analysis of hormonal levels includes indicators of thyroxine - T3, triiodothyronine - T4 (thyroid hormones), pituitary hormone (thyrotropin - THT), antibodies to the protein - thyroglobulin, a test for autoimmune thyroiditis.

Not that common (compared to magnification). This dangerous condition can lead to dire consequences.

The difficulty in diagnosis, the ability of the disease to “disguise” itself as other ailments, its smooth but destructive course, and the difficulty in treatment make this condition require careful attention.

Causes of decreased thyroid gland

Congenital disorder in children. the mother's body must be fully provided essential trace elements, since he needs to "share" them with the fetus. In cases where the mother herself suffers from acute shortage iodine, disruption of the thyroid gland, the unborn child has an extremely high chance of getting congenital disorder in the structure of the thyroid gland.
Inflammation of the thyroid gland - . In this disease, the body mistakenly “destructs” thyroid cells. The immune system mistakes certain tissues (in this case, the thyroid gland) as foreign and gets rid of them. This disorder is the most common among thyroid diseases.
occurs frequently. The development of the disease occurs, as they say, slowly but surely, and it is difficult to diagnose its presence. The cure for hypoplasia is more difficult than for other patients. The fact is that female body exposed throughout life permanent shifts hormonal levels resulting from the presence of the menstrual cycle. This makes therapy difficult. Menopause adds problems with this disease and aggravates it.
Elderly age. In an aging person, many body functions gradually decline, including endocrine system. The thyroid gland loses volume more often in older people. There is a real drying out of the organ.
Disorders in the system of parts of the brain that control the functioning of the glands internal secretion(hypothalamus and). These parts of the brain can “mistakenly” give a signal about the production of antibodies to thyroid hormones or about a decrease in the intensity of its work, leading to its atrophy.

Symptoms

Poor appetite of the child. Even a newborn eats little and falls asleep quickly, having eaten very little.
Jaundice of newborns. With a reduced thyroid gland, there is more a long period recovery requiring medical intervention.
Lethargy, drowsiness.
Numerous digestive problems. Constipation, bloating.
Retarded physical and mental development.
Change in voice, appearance of wheezing.

In adults:

Constant feeling of fatigue, drowsiness, apathy.
Appearance nervous disorders various types. Depending on temperament, a person can be either hot-tempered, aggressive, or whiny, depressed, or with suicidal tendencies.
Frequent swelling of the face. Edema accumulates not only in visible areas of the body, but also inside the body.
Chilliness, inability to warm up warm room. Often patients have constantly cold hands and feet.
Lack of appetite.
Deterioration in the speed of thought processes, poor memory.
Frequent headaches, general malaise.
Deterioration of skin condition and...
Decreased sexual desire.
violated menstrual cycle. Periodicity disappears. There are difficulties with conceiving.
Due to a slower metabolism, body weight may increase. don't help.

Consequences

Cretinism. The child is very clearly developmentally delayed. Appearance Such a patient is very revealing of his condition: the discrepancy between body proportions and norms, short limbs, protruding abdomen. Large head, “blunt” facial features, eyes wide apart, slanted. Restore the past normal condition almost impossible.
Metabolic slowdown. A low metabolic rate affects the entire body. The body is swimming with fat. There is an accumulation of fluid in the body. Toxins and breakdown products accumulate. Vital tone patients have practically none. The condition is very painful and weak.
In advanced cases it reaches critical levels. The gland is unable to perform its functions, and the activity of the whole organism is disrupted. Death comes.

Diagnostics

. Experienced doctor– an endocrinologist is able to make a preliminary diagnosis of the thyroid gland by conducting an external examination by palpation.
. The most commonly used method for determining the condition of the thyroid gland and the tissues adjacent to it. This examination gives a clear picture of the condition of the organ.
. Thanks to a detailed study of the level of hormones in the blood, an endocrinologist will be able to draw conclusions about the need to use a particular treatment method. After all, the main part of the treatment for thyroid disorders is carried out with the help of hormonal drugs.
Study of the pituitary gland and.

Treatment

Traditional treatment involves leveling hormonal levels, leading to difficulties in the functioning of the thyroid gland, eradicating the original cause of this disorder.

The main treatment is carried out with the help of drugs containing in the proportions necessary for a particular patient.

Self-prescription of any medicines extremely dangerous! It's like pointing your finger at the sky. The possibility of a positive outcome is extremely small, so for the entire period of treatment the person must be under the supervision and control of doctors.

The thyroid gland is the second most common disease after diabetes. Any variant of its pathology leads to complications and failure of the whole organism, first of all, this concerns hormonal levels.

Hyperfunction of the thyroid gland means an increased release of hormones, is common and is most often visually detectable. But hypofunction and reduction of the thyroid gland occur less frequently and it is often impossible to determine it by eye if it is accompanied by a decrease in the volume of the gland.

A reduced thyroid gland is more common in women; the pathology is inherent not only to them, but also to children and the elderly after 65 years of age - their thyroid gland size decreases in old age. In children, this disease is often congenital.

About the thyroid gland in general

The thyroid gland is called differently, but no one denies its enormous role in the functioning of the body. It can be called a small conductor (weight about 20 grams) of the whole orchestra of the body. It produces its hormones, iodothyronines, with the help of iodine, which they take active participation in the metabolism of the body and the growth of its cells.

If the thyroid gland has stored hormones, they enter the blood only on schedule, i.e. as needed and in strictly defined quantities. So, iodothyronines enhance metabolic processes, are needed for the growth and differentiation of fetal tissues, the small thyroid gland in women affects genital area– increases LH and decreases FSH level pituitary gland, leads to infertility. Responsible for:

synthesis of vitamin A;
mental development in children;
skin and hair condition;
enzyme activity;
thermoregulation;
state skeletal system and physical development;
reproductive function;
activates brain function;
increases the level of attention and speed of reactions.

Causes of the disease

If the decrease in the volume of the thyroid gland is congenital in nature, we are talking about hypoplasia (insufficient development), but if the size decreases in an adult, the acquired pathology is more correctly called atrophy.

Hypovolumia - what does this mean for the thyroid gland? This is the name for reducing its volume in the conclusion (deciphering) of sonologists on ultrasound.

A decrease in the size of the thyroid gland occurs in a number of cases:

congenital cases of underdevelopment or complete absence glands;
with partial or complete removal glands;
in the gland, the reasons for the decrease also lie in hormone imbalance;
gland injuries;
excess hormones, which suppress the function of the gland;
radiation;

The primacy belongs to the birth defect.

A small thyroid gland in its extreme manifestations in children can cause cretinism. In adults - myxedema. In children, hypoplasia can occur due to iodine deficiency in the mother's body during pregnancy; Therefore, pregnant women are prescribed iodine tablets.

The size of the thyroid gland in the womb decreases and becomes the cause of congenital hypoplasia:

lack of iodine for the fetus in the womb;
the mother has untreated hypothyroidism;
treatment with hormones during pregnancy;
at birth defects development;
impact toxic substances for a pregnant woman.

After birth, hypoplasia in a child may not manifest itself for the first 4-10 weeks, because mother’s milk contains thyroid hormones in sufficient quantities for the child. But then the hormones begin to be lacking and signs of the disease appear.

The important thing is that if a reduced thyroid gland is detected on time and treatment is started from the 21st day of life, the pathology can be completely cured.

Causes of hypovolemia in adults:

RIT treatment;
taking medications that inhibit thyroid function;
disorders of the hypothalamic-pituitary system;
pituitary diseases;
radiation treatment, radiation and chemotherapy; stress;
overload;
carcinogens in food;
autoimmune pathologies;
bad ecology;
old age;
poor quality of iodine preparations;
hypovolemia of the thyroid gland;
hypokinesia.

AITs lead to the fact that the immune system begins to reject gland cells as foreign. At the same time, antibodies are produced to them to destroy them.

What happens when the gland atrophies?

If the thyroid gland is smaller than normal, cell trophism decreases and it receives little nutrition and oxygen. The work of the cell is disrupted and is only enough to support vital activity for normal level. Over time, this metabolic disorder causes cell death. Dead cells are utilized and to eliminate voids, living cells begin to move closer together and reduce the volume of the gland.

What are the dangers of congenital hypothyroidism?

A reduced size of the thyroid gland leads to mental and physical disabilities in the child. The frequency of the pathology is 1 case per 4-5 thousand newborns.

If the thyroid gland is reduced, the disease is severe, and all abnormalities are not subsequently restored. In developed countries, pathology is detected in the maternity hospital. Warning signs and symptoms:

weight more than 4 kg;
jaundice that persists for more than a month;
poor weight gain;
decreased appetite;
child's drowsiness;
the voice is hoarse, whistling.

If the thyroid gland is reduced, the symptoms may not appear immediately, then by the age of 12-13, signs of hypothyroidism with hypothyroidism of the gland appear. This is due to the fact that the body’s need for thyroid hormones increases during puberty.

Types of hypothyroidism

The gland may decrease diffusely or in lobes. Hypothyroidism can be autoimmune, clinical (subcompensated and decompensated), and gestational. It can also be primary, secondary and tertiary, peripheral and chronic.

Signs of hypothyroidism

It is impossible to detect a decrease in the volume of the thyroid gland by palpation or visually. You just need to pay attention to some symptoms characteristic of hypothyroidism in an adult:

daytime sleepiness and lethargy;
mood changes during the day;
irritability;
hair loss;
constant chilliness;
swelling of the limbs, face and tongue;
hoarseness in voice;
dry flaky skin;
its yellowish tint;
facial expressions are poor;
muscle weakness;
decreased blood pressure, arrhythmia and bradycardia;
temperature lower than 36 degrees;
constipation and flatulence;
weight gain;
anemia;
decreased libido;
violation of MC in women;
slowing down of mental activity.

The reduction of the thyroid gland in women occurs slowly, therefore, due to 1-2 signs, they do not pay attention to it. Symptoms without sudden manifestations, is vague.

If the volume of the thyroid gland is reduced and the disease is advanced and the patient does not receive treatment, complications and consequences of hypothyroidism may occur: myxedema - mucous swelling bodies or hypothyroid coma.

Symptoms of hypothyroidism in children

Hypoplasia comes in 2 degrees. In the first year of life, such children experience:

a small child refuses to breastfeed;
he is sleepy;
reacts little to external stimuli– sounds and light;
icteric;
gaining weight very poorly;
screams hoarsely;
he has stool retention;
motor skills lag.

With age, the disease progresses further: the child cannot adapt, his learning disabilities are revealed, he begins to speak late, and is clumsy. In the mornings he is lethargic and swollen. The skin is often pale and cold. Heart rate is less than normal. If the gland is reduced, a calcium deficiency occurs, which slows down growth. In adolescents: decreased memory and appetite, constipation, poor academic performance, low temperature bodies.

Consequences of hypoplasia

Thyroid reduction and hypothyroidism are often very adverse complications. If it has not been treated since childhood, then the pathology can lead to mental retardation and infertility. It also causes problems with the cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal tract, central nervous system, osteoarticular system, MPS.

Why are there so many systems? This diversity is explained by the fact that the thyroid gland is closely connected with all other endocrine glands.

Among the diseases resulting from complications: hypertension, obesity, type 2 diabetes. The removal of cholesterol and fats, which lead to the development of atherosclerosis and cholesterolemia, slows down.

Diagnostic measures

A diagnosis cannot be made based on one symptom. There must be several signs at the same time. Then a comprehensive examination is carried out for sugar, cholesterol, hemoglobin, then an ultrasound is prescribed.

It is good to carry out treatment for early identified hypofunction. In addition, a blood test is performed for hormones - T3, T4, TSH - T3 and T4 decrease, TSH increases. An analysis is also carried out to determine the content of antibodies to the thyroid gland - normally this fraction should not be present.

Therapeutic measures

The main type of treatment for hypothyroidism in women is hormone replacement therapy. The importance of starting treatment from the 21st day of life has already been discussed. Eutirox is most often used. Thyreocomb, L-thyroxine, Thyrotom, Thyroidin are also used. The course of treatment is always individual and determined by the degree of damage - treatment can range from several months to several years.

Initially, hormones are prescribed in small doses. Such treatment is necessary to reduce the load on the cardiovascular system and to ensure that the thyroid gland continues to function without relying on external hormones.

Then the size of the thyroid gland will not constantly decrease. For minor disorders, pregnancy and subclinical form, it is possible to use homeopathic medicines.

They will correct in small quantities hormonal background and support the body. The root cause of thyroid atrophy is successfully removed, but the gland tissue is not restored. For certain indications, RIT can be used (if there are – even a few – pathological cells).

ethnoscience

Herbal medicine (alternative) and ethnoscience It is also widely used for hypothyroidism, but first consult a doctor.

Herbal treatment is an addition, but not the main method. Herbs are used in the form of infusions and decoctions.

In acute thyroiditis and atrophy, when the thyroid gland has decreased, it is recommended to use decoctions from pine buds, plantain, and partitions walnuts, sea cabbage and horsetail.

Herbal infusions and how to make an infusion to restore gland function:

Mint + motherwort + hawthorn fruits and valerian root. All this is poured with boiling water and infused.
Red currant leaves + lemon balm + nettle + tansy, coltsfoot.
Currant berries + eleutherococcus + St. John's wort + gravilate.

All fees are sold ready-made in pharmacies. The mixture is poured according to the instructions hot water and insists. Reduced function The thyroid gland always requires a diet enriched with iodine. It is advisable to limit fats and carbohydrates. Margarine, chips, marinade and fast food are also excluded.

It's okay to focus on large quantity vegetables and fruits, fish and seafood. The best meat to eat is veal, as it is the least fatty.

Has a beneficial effect on the thyroid gland proper nutrition, work and rest schedule, avoidance of stress, moderate physical activity. The decrease in hormones must be regularly monitored by being registered with an endocrinologist.