He is being transplanted with a donor organ. kidney donors

March 28, 2015

Who can become a posthumous donor?

In our country, there is a law on the right to harvest organs after death, if there is no statement about the refusal of the deceased, or his relatives. Therefore, if there is no refusal to donate in the documents of a person whose brain is no longer working, and whose heart is beating, one can prepare for an organ transplantation, which another terminally ill person is waiting for every minute.

The organs of the elderly and chronically ill people are not suitable for transplantation. After 60 years, even blood from donors is no longer taken. This is about sudden death as a result of the accident of young people. If the brain is already dead, but the heart is still working, the team of doctors may decide to remove the organ. If there is no other will.

An important condition for this is the absence in the resuscitation team of the attending physician of the recipient to whom the organ is intended. The reasons are clear. For the deceased young man the gratitude of the saved one will remain, and a good memory of him for many years.

Determination procedure clinical death patient is complex and leaves no ambiguity. The whole picture of brain death is confirmed. But only chief physician The hospital is responsible for the correctness of all conclusions and authorizes the removal of the organ.

Anyone who has died in the morgue can become a donor. If there is no refusal of relatives, an autopsy is mandatory. In this case, some meninges, bone parts and tissue of the eyes. In cases of violent death, an autopsy is inevitable.

Can I refuse to donate after death?

The right to a body does not apply if:

• in the documents received by the medical institution, there is a refusal of posthumous donation;
• relatives or an accompanying person declares that the deceased did not agree to donate;
• relatives forbid dissecting the body of the deceased.

The organ transplantation service in our country is not developed. Many legal obstacles can put an organ harvesting at clinical death as an illegal act. Therefore, patients wait years for a life-saving operation and often find a donor abroad for a lot of money.

It is necessary to regret and mourn untimely dead people, but it is also necessary to provide assistance to the living.

There has always been a demand for donor organs in the world. Millions of people are in need of organ transplants. Many of them never wait their turn and die. And according to the law of the market, if there is a demand, then there will always be a supply. Those who want to sell a part of their body and at the same time earn good money, by their standards, number in the hundreds of thousands around the world. The most popular organ donor is the human kidney.

From the article you will learn:

• how much does a human kidney cost, officially and on the black market
• how to sell a kidney
• Is the sale of organs legal in Russia and the world
• how much does a kidney transplant cost

Let's start with the fact that according to statistics for every 10 thousand people - 5 are born with one kidney. And many of you may not even realize it. This pathology is called renal agenesis. In principle, this does not pose a threat to life. Enough to carry on correct image life and everything will be fine. However, not everyone is so lucky. And if you urgently need a transplant operation, what should you do? Where to apply? And how much will this "pleasure" cost? Where to find a donor? This is what the main problem. While in Russia those who want to sell their paired organ great multitude.

The cost of a transplant operation in Russia and in the world

In Russia, a kidney transplant operation is free. If you do it in public institution. But here, the biggest disadvantage is huge queue from those who wish. And even if you already have your own donor, you still need to wait in the wings. As a result, the lion's share of patients die without waiting for the operation.

Such a long waiting procedure is connected with the position of the state regarding the “black market” human organs, in order to exclude the possibility of abuse, profit and, as a result, the growth of the shadow market for trade in organs.

Typically, no more than 1,000 such operations per year are carried out in the country. State expenses for such operations range from 800,000 to 1.2 million rubles on average.

In the US, the number of such operations annually is 18,000. In Germany and Israel, approximately 20-25 thousand operations are performed per year.

For more affluent clients who do not want to wait for who knows how long or for those who urgently need an operation, you can contact private clinics. Here, the cost of the operation may vary several times, depending on the parameters:

• the urgency of the operation, i.e. what condition is the patient in?
• clinic type
• who is the donor

Also, the price of transplantation can be greatly influenced by the surgeon who supervises the patient and subsequently performs the operation. If this is one of the luminaries of medicine, then the price can be safely multiplied by 30-50%.

As a result, the cost of a kidney transplant operation in private clinics in Russia can vary from 30 to 100 thousand dollars.

How much does a kidney cost abroad?

The price depends specifically on the country where the operation is planned. So in Germany, the procedure will cost 100-130 thousand dollars, in the USA - 150 thousand, and countries such as Pakistan or India will take only 20-30 thousand.

How much does a human kidney cost?

Practically all over the world, including in Russia, the purchase and sale of kidneys is a criminal offense. So in the United States, such acts face a substantial fine of 20-50 thousand and a prison sentence of 5 to 10 years. However, business is booming.

So, in some countries, such as India, Pakistan, the government turns a blind eye and practically does not pursue those who want to sell or buy kidneys. Due to the low standard of living, the population is practically lining up to part with their kidney. This is used by businessmen and various intermediary firms.

In the same Pakistan, you can easily find clinics that provide similar services. So-called "donor farms" are developed here, where people who have undergone complete medical examination and found fit for transplantation. They live in special areas comfortable conditions. They provide good nutrition and rehabilitation after surgery. All this will be paid for by the future client who needs a transplant.

How much will a kidney donor receive?

And although the transplant operation itself is an expensive procedure, the cost of which ranges from several tens to several hundred thousand dollars, the kidney donor himself receives an amount several times, or even tens of times less than the full cost of the operation.

So in Russia, the cost of a kidney, namely the amount that the patient will receive in his hands, is 3-5 thousand dollars. The price can vary greatly depending on where you live. The highest prices are naturally in Moscow. Here, under favorable circumstances, you can even get up to $ 10,000 for your organ.

The smallest rates in a remote province. In connection with low level life and a small salary, or even unemployment, many are ready to part with their body for a ridiculous amount of 30-50 thousand rubles.

If you look at third world countries, then the largest number wishing to receive money for a piece of their flesh again in India and Pakistan. The issue price is about $1,000 per kidney.. And despite the fact that the supply far exceeds the demand.

Sell ​​or not?

Consider first what the donor will get from selling his kidney:

• material reward - 3-5 thousand dollars. For some, this is serious money.
• opportunity to save someone's life. Especially if we are talking about close relatives - children, sisters, brothers, parents

If you are seriously (or not) thinking about the possibility of selling your kidney, then you need to know in advance about the consequences:

• Mortality risks. According to statistics, for every 10,000 organ transplants, the death rate is 3 people. But this is in developed countries high level medical care. In third world countries, mortality is 10-30 times higher. In Russia, the death rate for kidney transplants is 12-18 for every 10,000 operations.
• After nephrectomy, life expectancy is reduced by 10-15 years.
• The compulsion to lead a lifetime healthy lifestyle life, i.e. no alcohol, cigarettes, only proper nutrition. Otherwise possible serious problems with health.
• The ban on lifting weights, violation of this rule can even lead to death.
• It will be especially difficult for smokers, because. transplant involves complete failure from smoking, because the likelihood of blood clots increases tenfold.
• After the operation, a 20 cm long scar remains for life. It is also possible to remove several ribs during the operation.

Where to buy and sell a kidney

Unfortunately, it is impossible to do this directly and even more so officially in view of the current legislation. The law prohibits the receipt of financial compensation for the donation of a kidney.

To find a buyer, I use the following schemes:

• directly contact relatives or the patient who needs a transplant. But here is the most a big problem is a question of compatibility. And in order for a kidney to fit a person, it is necessary to spend enough time.
• search for applicants through intermediaries. As a rule, they already have bases of people, both looking for donors and those who want to become them. And you can quickly choose the most suitable option. But here your final amount will be greatly reduced, due to the fact that the intermediary takes part of the amount received. It all depends on his appetite. Sometimes the final donor receives only 20-30% of the contract amount.

But here you need to understand that all the risks associated with receiving monetary rewards are especially high. So it is not uncommon for donors, after the operation, to be left without money at all, or with a small amount received by them as a deposit. And in the future, it is practically impossible to demand the return of the due remuneration, because. All conditions are negotiated exclusively in oral without signing any official documents.

Don't want to lose your organs? Become, without prejudice to health.

Finally

Selling a kidney for the purpose of enrichment is a rather dubious occupation. The small cost that the donor will receive in his hands, in the amount of 3-5 thousand dollars, practically does not compensate for all the inconveniences and hardships that he will (or may experience) in a few years. What can we say about the fact that a person sells a decade of his life for money, which he will most likely spend within a couple of months, well, a maximum of six months or a year.

If we divide the remuneration received for the sold kidney by the number of days lost as a result of the life operation, we get that the donor sells one day of his life for ridiculous money in the amount of $ 1-2.

The only thing correct solution becoming a donor is saving a human life. Well, the reward for this should be considered as a small encouragement.

Currently, in a number of countries, most organs for transplantation are taken from brain-dead or living donors. In the United States, about 20,000 brain-dead donors are used each year for organ donation and transplantation.

Who can be an organ donor

Organ and tissue donors for transplantation can be:

1) living donors - closest relatives (identical twins, brothers, sisters, parents);

2) living donors who do not have family ties with the recipient (relatives of the husband or wife, friends, close acquaintances);

3) dead donors - the corpses of people who suddenly died from cardiac arrest (biological death) and people with brain death, but with ongoing heart contraction.

The law clearly defines who can be an organ donor.

Dead donors with constantly beating hearts and organ perfusion are defined by the neurological criteria for brain death. Biological death is determined by cardiac criteria (complete cardiac arrest).

Who can be an organ donor: living and dead donors

living donor must be of age, fully conscious, able to make a decision voluntarily, without extraneous pressure. The donor must be physically and mentally perfectly healthy, capable of undergoing an organ removal operation without significant health risks. In a number of countries, transplantation of a kidney or 2-3 segments of the liver from those who can be an organ donor is performed quite often (40-60% from total number organ transplants).

In the case of further improvement of immunosuppressive therapy and an increase in the survival rate of transplanted organs, only the lack of cadaveric organs can justify the use of organs from living donors. In our country, taking an organ from a living donor who is not a close relative is prohibited for ethical and legal reasons.

Dead donors: distinguish between donors who died from cardiac arrest (biological death) and donors from brain death, but with a beating heart.

In donors with biological death, it is necessary to perform cold preservation of organs as soon as possible after cardiac arrest in order to reduce the time of thermal ischemia, which causes degenerative changes in organs and sharply reduces the possibility of restoring normal function after organ transplantation.

Brain-dead donors are usually patients with severe traumatic brain injury or cerebral hemorrhage, in whom brain function is irreversibly lost while other bodily functions are maintained by intensive care. Brain death, by common agreement among scientists in most countries, is equated with the death of an individual.

Requirements for organ donors

The best option for transplantation is the presence of a healthy donor, aged 3 to 65 years, with an irreversible head injury or incurable cerebrovascular disease. With an extreme shortage of donor organs, some countries allow the use of organs from people with brain death over 65 years of age or from donors with biological death (with a non-beating heart). Donor history should be clarified and a thorough physical, laboratory and instrumental examination to identify diseases that are a contraindication to taking donor organs. These include generalized infection (including hidden forms HIV infection, viral hepatitis B and C), tumors (with the exception of non-metastasizing brain tumors). Hypertension and atherosclerosis are not a contraindication to organ donation.

Criteria for brain death in organ donors

brain death is established by a commission consisting of an anesthesiologist, a surgeon (neurosurgeon), a neuropathologist, a psychiatrist and an attending physician, according to established neurological criteria, after a double examination in a hospital with an interval of 6 to 12 hours. The loss of brain function is determined by:

1) by the absence of a reaction to external pain stimuli, the presence deep coma, muscle atony;

2) by the absence of spontaneous breathing and cough reflex (including when the position of the endotracheal tube changes or the absence of irritation of the mucous membrane of the trachea and bronchi during sputum suction), spontaneous respiratory movements within 3 minutes after turning off the device artificial respiration;

3) by the absence of eye movements, corneal reflexes, pupillary response to light, the presence of wide pupils, isoelectric EEG (absence of brain activity);

4) by a steady decrease in body temperature. Gradually developed hypothermia with a body temperature below 32°C can be considered a reliable criterion. brain death;

5) to reduce blood pressure despite ongoing resuscitation (transfusion of solutions and administration of medicines for many hours).

The decision about brain death cannot be made if the patient is in deep hypothermia, severe hypovolemia, with cerebral edema, in a state of intoxication with depressants like barbiturates, because under these conditions a reversible isoelectric electroencephalogram can be observed.

Physicians in the transplant team should not be involved in the diagnosis of brain death. The rules for ascertaining the fact of brain death, neurological criteria and the procedure for taking organs from a donor are legally legalized in our country. If the deceased during his lifetime did not leave a will on consent to the removal of organs, then in the event of his sudden brain death, the consent of relatives is required for the removal of organs. The collection of organs for transplantation is carried out by a special team of doctors in the same medical institution where the death occurred.

Types of organ transplant operations

To indicate the features of transplantation, special terminology is used:

- autogenous transplantation- the donor and the recipient are the same person;

- isogenic transplantation- donor and recipient are identical twins;

- syngeneic transplant- donor and recipient are first-degree relatives;

- allogeneic transplant - donor and recipient are of the same species (for example, human-to-human transplant);

- xenogenic transplantation- donor and recipient belong to different species (for example, a transplant from a monkey to a person).

To refer to the transplantation of an organ on its usual place adopted term orthotopic transplant. When an organ is transplanted to any other anatomical site, they speak of heterotopic transplantation.

If the severed organ or torn off part of the body is re-implanted into the host's body, then such an operation is called replantation.

Alloplastic transplant replacement of an organ or tissue with synthetic materials.

About 1,500 organ transplants are performed in Russia every year. This is many times less than in the US, UK, Brazil and many other countries. The development of transplantation treatment is hampered not only by outdated legislative acts but also the low awareness of citizens in this area.

We will acquaint readers with the data that seem to be the most important for understanding the peculiarities of transplantation in Russia.

Source: depositphotos.com

Presumption of consent

The legislation of the Russian Federation regarding donation is based on the presumption of consent. This means that any deceased capable citizen is a candidate for donors. At the same time, every Russian has the right to report his desire or unwillingness to donate his organs and tissues for the benefit of people after death. This statement may be oral (spoken in the presence of two witnesses) or written. In the latter case, it must be certified by a notary or the head physician of the hospital.

It should be noted that Russians very rarely announce their will regarding posthumous donation. In addition, the country has not yet created a federal register of such applications, so this system can hardly be called effective.

Rights of the deceased donor's relatives

This is one of the most problematic aspects of post-mortem donation. According to the current legislation, the relatives of the deceased, in the absence of his lifetime consent, have the right to oppose the removal of organs for the purpose of transplantation. However, the law does not regulate the actions of a doctor in such a situation. The doctor must inform people of death or near death loved one, but he is not obliged to conduct a conversation about the possibility of posthumous donation. It turns out that the relatives of the deceased (dying) person should raise this issue on their own initiative. Needless to say, in most cases they are not able to do this (due to lack of awareness or due to severe emotional state). In addition, relatives of the deceased may have different views for posthumous donation, and the law does not explain which opinion should be decisive for the doctor. In such a situation, conflicts are inevitable that harm and medical staff and the relatives of the deceased.

Rules for diagnosing the death of a donor

This point is spelled out in the law most clearly: organs can be removed only if a person has been diagnosed with brain death or biological death, that is, respiratory and cardiac arrest. The fact is that brain death does not always mean the end of all vital functions organism: in conditions of resuscitation, heartbeat and breathing can be maintained with the help of equipment for several days.

The start time of the procedure for ascertaining brain death depends on the diagnosis and treatment that the patient received (in particular, on medicines given to him). To diagnose brain death, a special council should meet. Its members study the medical history and conduct research designed to determine the presence or absence of brain activity (computed tomography brain, checking the possibility of spontaneous breathing, etc.). The decision on brain death cannot be made earlier than after 6 hours of observation of the patient.

However, many transplantologists argue that this part of the legislation is also imperfect. It is enough that for the patients who were led sedatives(and this category includes almost all patients in intensive care units), the procedure for diagnosing brain death should be postponed for at least 20 hours. According to doctors, during this time, decay processes begin in the body, and by the time a decision is made on the possibility of removal, the organs already become unsuitable for transplantation.

Lifetime donation

Russian legislation provides for the possibility of intravital related donation. It is not forbidden to transplant an organ or tissue to a child, brother or sister, one of the parents (but not the husband or wife).

Opportunity to buy organs

Paid organ donation is completely prohibited in Russia. All offers of this kind are criminal.

Donation for HIV

faces, virus-infected human immunodeficiency are not eligible to become donors. This prohibition applies to patients viral hepatitis B and C, as well as on patients with malignant neoplasms.

Unidentified donors

The removal of organs from people who could not be identified after death is prohibited. The reasons for the ban are not related to either medical or moral and ethical considerations. Lawyers refer to the legislative norm, according to which only Russians can become donors, and it is not possible to determine the citizenship of a person who died unidentified.

Child donation

Until recently, little Russians who needed a transplant of donor organs could only count on the help of foreign clinics. Harvesting of organs from deceased children was not prohibited, but was practically not carried out, since the procedure for diagnosing brain death in such patients was not regulated by law. In 2015, this omission was corrected, and doctors were able to remove organs from patients who died between the ages of 1 and 18. Of course, these procedures can only be carried out with the informed and written consent of the parents of the deceased.

The attitude of the majority of Russians towards posthumous donation can be characterized as negative. According to the results of sociological surveys, about 20% of our fellow citizens do not want to bequeath their organs for transplantation for religious reasons, although none of the official religions condemns donation. Particularly alarming is the fact that almost 40% of respondents are hesitant to consent to post-mortem organ harvesting for fear that their will will lead to dishonest provision of organs. medical services or in general will provoke criminal actions of doctors.

It is obvious that the reason for such an attitude towards extremely important issue is the imperfection of the legislation. Since 2015, there has been a draft law “On donation of human organs and their transplantation”, prepared by the Ministry of Health, but still not considered by the State Duma of the Russian Federation. This document partly fills in the gaps in the legislation. For example, it contains provisions on the organization of a federal register of wills of potential donors, the absence of which prevents the use of even those disabilities which are now available to domestic transplantologists. The creation of an all-Russian register of recipients is also expected (today, doctors have only regional waiting lists). However, according to experts, this draft law also contains norms that will not only ease, but complicate the situation of patients in need of transplantation. In particular, the kidney is again not included in the list of organs allowed for removal, namely, its transplantation is indicated a huge number sick.

The number of people in need of organ transplants will always exceed the number of potential donors. In our country, this problem is especially acute, and its solution, unfortunately, is a matter of a very distant future.

Video from YouTube on the topic of the article:

Nephrologists count kidneys unique body person. They work without stopping even for a minute.

Their work is difficult and replaces the whole system. Without them, our existence is impossible, because they purify our blood from harmful substances.

If their work fails, the toxins cease to be excreted from the body, it becomes poisoned. Output is regular. IN difficult cases a transplant is required.

general information

They are located in the retroperitoneal space, have the shape of a bean. The mass of one is 120−200 g.

There are many functions. The main - excretory - remove water and water-soluble substances from the body. There are others: hematopoietic, protective, endocrine.

They are patient and do not complain about their health, more often they get sick in silence. But for some signs, you can suspect problems with them:

• swelling of the eyelids, hands, ankles due to fluid retention;
• pain in lumbar region, which is caused by a stretched capsule around them;
• - sign;
• high blood pressure for no reason - the kidneys or vessels that feed them with blood are sick;
• or reddish - there is blood, they suspect.
• urination is difficult (, burning, pain, rare /).

The list of kidney diseases is extensive: kidney failure, etc.

With these diseases, if left untreated, a person can die. Patients undergo hemodialysis to purify the blood. But it doesn't always help. Then transplantation is indicated. This is a paired organ, so the functions of one can be performed by the other.

Thanks to this feature, people were allowed to become donors of this organ. Thousands of Russians need. They have been waiting for a transplant for years. But only 500 people undergo surgery every year - the rest die.

Potential Donors

The Law of the Russian Federation "On Transplantation of Human Organs and (or) Tissues" defines the circle of those who can become a donor. This:

• living relatives;
• people who are not related to the patient;
• the dead are the corpses of people whose brain is dead and whose heart is contracting.

Relatives

You can be on a “waiting list” for transplantation for decades. To save the patient, his relatives decide to give him their kidney.

First, the closest relatives (brother, sister, father, mother) are considered for this role. An identical twin would be ideal. The risk of rejection of a foreign organ will be minimal.

Then - indirect relatives (relatives of the husband or wife, friends, relatives, acquaintances).

The main thing is that the organs of relatives are healthy, and only doctors will determine this.

Other candidates

But more often, a person who is ready to part with a kidney (for money, of course) becomes a stranger who meets all the criteria.

You can also take it from the dead, if death (biological or brain) is recorded. The law determines when the dead can donate an organ.

There are 2 types of non-living donors:

1. At biological death when there is a written lifetime consent of the deceased to become a donor.
2. After brain death, recorded by doctors. The cause of death is often incompatible with life injuries after accidents.

How to get advice

It is necessary to undergo a deep medical examination to check your health and determine compliance with the tissues of the recipient.

It is forbidden to take the organ until the final results of the analyzes and tests have been received. Are determined possible risks during the operation.

It is often found that a person who decides to donate an organ cannot donate his kidney because of the detected malfunctions in the body.

Transplant conditions and how to donate a kidney?

By the way, only kidneys are harvested from a living person. Heart, liver, lungs are taken only from corpses.

The main conditions for transplantation, age - from 18 to 50 years. Diseases - upon detection infectious diseases, HIV, hepatitis, tumors, ischemia physicians will not be allowed to become a donor. With hypertension and atherosclerosis, organ retrieval is possible.

A person who wants to donate his organ goes through a series of stages:

1. He is carefully examined for contraindications to donation. Doctors are responsible for the result of the operation, so you need to know if he is healthy for her. If there are no complaints from doctors, they proceed to the next stage.
2. If the recipient is already known, it is checked whether the organ is suitable for him. Blood groups are determined. For transplant participants, they must match. Check if biological tissues are compatible.
3. The donor is admitted to the clinic. Specialists examine him and conduct secondary tests: ultrasound, echocardiography of the heart, x-rays of the lungs, blood tests.
4. A transplant is being prepared: they study possible risks, draw up documents and receive consent for the operation.
5. A transplant is underway.

Cost and how the deal goes

Living donation in Russia is allowed only free of charge and only in relation to relatives. Nothing will change in this regard in the coming years.

This law applies to all developing countries. The sale of organs is prohibited by the states of all countries and is allowed only in Iran.

How much does a kidney transplant cost in Russia? The final cost is determined by the price of the organ and operation.

This operation is complex and therefore expensive. On average, it costs $20,000. The price ranges from $10,000 to $100,000.

The cost is determined by the prestige of the clinic, the fame of the surgeon. The luminaries operate in an elite clinic, which means that it will cost 30-100 thousand dollars. The urgency of the operation also affects the price.

In the regions, they can also do a free transplant. But not everything is so smooth here. The state allocates 1.2 million rubles every year. on them. And for how many patients will this money be enough? There are many patients, a huge queue forms, and it moves very slowly.

In the Russian Federation, organs are transplanted in clinics. Their list is on the Internet. The most famous are the oncological and hematological centers at the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow MA named after. Sechenov, University. Pavlov in St. Petersburg.

Black market price

But the need for donor organs is great, and they are sorely lacking. appears. There are many ads on the Internet about the desire of people to sell a piece of themselves.

But a natural question arises: what would be the price of a kidney organ if the sale of the organ were officially allowed? Today, a kidney would cost from 1.5 million rubles. up to 15 million

This figure was obtained by converting its value on the black market abroad into rubles.

A lot of money, and there are people who are ready to say goodbye to the kidney organ. There are many who seek to get rich in this way.

The price is set by the donor. In large metropolitan areas, a kidney is sold for high price, and the highest - in Moscow, where they will ask for it from $ 10,000.

In small towns with small salaries and low prices organs are cheaper. And the cheapest ones are in provincial villages. There you can buy it for only 30 thousand rubles.

The order of the nephrectomy

It took a week from hospitalization to surgery. After 7 days, a nephrectomy (kidney sampling) is performed. Here's how the operation goes.

First, the anesthetist gives the donor general anesthesia. After the catheter is connected (cleans bladder) and drainage, (provides hydrobalance). Then they carry out: make 2-4 small incisions of 1 cm each on the side of the abdomen. Access to the kidney is open.

The surgeon carefully separates the kidney, adrenal gland, and ureter from the tissues and removes the organ. This is the most critical stage of the operation. The main thing in it is not to damage anything and prevent large blood loss. Blood vessels, the ureters are excised, then clamped. Wounds are sutured and a sterile bandage is applied.

Quite rarely, in this case, abdominal surgery. Surgical intervention lasts 2-3 hours and is recorded on camera. After the operation, the donor spends the first day in intensive care, where he regains consciousness under the supervision of doctors.

Most often, surgeons take left kidney- there are closer vessels and a longer vein.

Possible risks of nephrectomy and recovery period after surgery

She is not dangerous. Probability of dying operating table small, 1:3,000, although it is impossible to foresee everything.

If he feels satisfactory the next day, he is transferred to the ward. There will be no pain, analgesics will cope with it. If necessary, a short course of antibiotics will be prescribed. He is in the hospital depending on his condition.

Possible complications are rare, but still there are infections, bleeding and blood clots, damage to nearby organs.

The final recovery lasts up to a year, at this time you need to carefully monitor yourself and follow all the doctor's recommendations.

Consequences and conclusion

A healthy person recovers within a month and a half and goes to work. active life he can lead in a year. Women are not allowed to give birth afterwards.

Donor life is like life ordinary people: habitual image life, daily activities. Life expectancy, according to most transplantologists, is not reduced. The risk of diseases of the remaining kidney is small and occurs in 0.5% of donors.

But each organism is individual, it is not worth excluding complications in the future, even if they are small, even with a normally proceeding rehabilitation. Yes, and about the problemsthat may arise, you need to know:

The human body does not have extra organs, but he can share some parts if necessary. Kidney removal is a risk for the donor, but a salvation for the patient.

Before deciding to take this serious step, you need to think carefully, choose a reliable clinic and unconditionally listen to the doctor. Donation is a “quiet feat” for another person.