Flowering calendar in the Crimea for allergy sufferers. Where to take a child with allergies in spring

Birch- a genus of deciduous trees, less often shrubs from the birch family (Betulaceae).

On the territory of Russia, this is one of the most common tree species, widely represented in the Northern Hemisphere.

All types of birch are wind-pollinated plants that bloom at the same time as the leaves bloom.

The two most common types are:

1. warty birch, or drooping (Betula pendula);
2. white birch, or fluffy (Betula pubescens).

Birch pollen is the main allergen in central regions Russia in April-May.

According to , a pollen monitoring service unique in Russia in Moscow and the Moscow Region, the intensity of birch dusting in 2017 will not exceed average level, the beginning of birch dusting is also not expected before the third decade of April.

Duration of birch dusting

The duration of birch dusting is on average 20 days or more, depending mainly on the current meteorological conditions.

The peak of dusting is usually observed on the 3-4th day after the onset.

The concentration of pollen at the peak of dusting averages 6000 pollen grains per cubic meter of air per day.

Allergen isolation

In many cases, it is impossible to completely get rid of the allergen, but even reducing exposure to it reduces the number of attacks and reduces the need for medication.

It is enough for a city dweller to go for a few days to relax in nature in order for a hay fever sufferer to feel much better. In this case, clean air positive impact on the body.

Removal from environment cause-significant allergens - one of the methods of treatment aimed at the cause and mechanism of the disease.

Activities aimed at non-drug therapy of allergies include departure for the time of flowering in another area.

There are certain zones and corners of the world that are free from the flowering of certain plants in different periods time.

How to choose a place to escape from allergies

1. Season matters
When choosing a particular resort, it is worth taking into account not only the climatic zone in which it is located, but also the season, since in certain time year in certain regions, the humidity of the air noticeably increases or the solar activity increases significantly.

This means that the same region on different dates may pose a different danger for an allergic person.

2. Investigation across the board
Before the trip, find an opportunity to interview those who have already been in this region during a particular period, or who live there on a permanent basis.

During the "detective investigation" use all possible methods, including viewing google maps in the format of real photos in the selected city.

Do not hesitate to check with the hotel management for the presence of trees and plants planted nearby that pose a potential threat.

Where to go in the spring from birch dusting

• Russia, Stavropol Territory - Essentuki, Kislovodsk
• Russia, Crimea - Feodosiya
• Russia, Krasnodar Territory - Gelendzhik, Sochi
• Caucasus - Abkhazia, Armenia
• Türkiye
• Spain - Almeria, Alicante, Benidorm
• Israel
• Montenegro
• Italy - Sicily
• Egypt
• Mexico
• Bulgaria
• Tenerife
• Greece
• Cyprus.

Unfortunately, birch grows throughout the territory of Russia, less than it only in the southernmost regions.

It will also not work to leave for a region where it is dusty earlier or later: the spread of terms is minimal, the probability of an error is very high.

If you want to get away from seasonal allergies at sea, southern countries will do, for example, Greece, Spain, India.

However, do not forget to be careful with the use of fruits - they can cause a cross-reaction.

Cross reactions to birch

For all known allergens, specialists have developed and compiled a list of products, the use of which is temporarily or completely prohibited during periods of exacerbation of the disease.

During the flowering period of pollinosis, you should not eat the following plant products:

• bananas
• mango
• pineapples
• peanut
• almond
• hazelnut
• strawberry
• apple
• pear
• apricots
• peaches
• cherry
• tomatoes
• carrot
• celery
• potato
• bell pepper

Literature and sources:

Verified by experts:

Natalia Gotselyuk, creator and leader

Elena Severova, Director for Science Candidate of Biological Sciences, Leading Researcher Faculty of Biology Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov

Pollinosis, or seasonal allergic rhinitis, occurs during the flowering of wind-pollinated plants. Their pollen has a spherical shape and a size of no more than 0.04 mm. This contributes to its transfer to thousands of distances and penetration into the mucous membranes of the nasal cavity or eyeballs.

Families of hypoallergenic plants

Brightly colored and pleasantly smelling insect-pollinated plants almost never cause allergies. Coniferous trees are also hypoallergenic. Experts even advise taking walks through the coniferous forest, as this helps to take pictures for a while. allergic symptoms. In addition to plants growing in nature, allergies can be caused by contact with a houseplant. However, such cases are more rare than common.

How to identify an allergen?

Seasonal runny nose (rhinitis) always recedes with the advent of cold weather at the end of October, and returns only in April. If pollinosis is due to a genetic (or hereditary) predisposition, its manifestation can occur at any age. Remarkably, children with such a predisposition, born in autumn winter period tolerate allergies much more easily.

In order to initiate adequate treatment or proper prevention, it is necessary to establish the allergen substance that provokes the development of an allergic reaction. This can be done by contacting a specialized medical Center or a hospital where the patient will be asked to donate skin tests and blood to determine substances produced on different types allergens. This is a fairly complex analysis that takes some time.

Is there a way to identify an allergen without resorting to help? medical workers. Helps to identify the initiator allergy flowering calendar, without which chronic allergy sufferers cannot imagine their life. If a person knows at least approximately the time period when allergic reactions are at their peak, he can calculate the right substance, using this allergy calendar.

Flowering calendar for central Russia

In the regions of Russia, the administrative centers of which are Tver, Vladimir, Yaroslavl, Ryazan, Kaluga, Tula and Smolensk, there is a flowering schedule for identifying allergies, which displays three time periods for flowering plants:

• the spring period lasts from mid-April to the end of May, when wind-pollinated trees (willow, alder, hazel, elm, aspen, willow) bloom in the second half of April; poplar - in the first two decades of May; birch and maple - in the beginning of the third ten days of May);
• summer period lasts throughout June and July, when grasses, meadow and cereals bloom (dandelion - the first decade of June; bonfire and foxtail - throughout June; linden - in last week June and the first week of July; fescue, hedgehog, couch grass, timothy grass, bluegrass - all of July);
• the summer-autumn period includes the last week of July, August, September and the beginning of October. During these months, weeds bloom - wormwood, ragweed, cyclamen and quinoa.

What is important to know when using the flowering calendar

It should be borne in mind that the flowering periods of plants indicated above may be shifted back or forward depending on weather conditions, in particular temperature. It must also be remembered that in different regions countries, active allergens may be pollen great friends from other plants. So, for example, in Rostov region- this is a quinoa, in the Stavropol Territory and the North Caucasus - pollen of ambrosia, in Kuzbass - pollen of birch, wormwood and cereal plants.

How useful is the bloom calendar?

If a person knows the time of occurrence and manifestation of allergy symptoms and the substance that provokes them, he will be able to prevent further development illness. You can do this by solving a few simple tasks:

• at the time of flowering of the plant that provokes allergies, go to another area where the allergen is not yet or is no longer activated;
• if this is not possible, plan walks in such a way as to minimize the time of contact with the hazardous substance;
• start taking the antihistamines recommended by the doctor, and start taking at least half a month before the start of flowering - this will make the manifestations of allergies a little less acute;
• in winter, when there is no allergen in nature, give them injections, gradually increasing the amount of the substance - this is called specific therapy, the essence of which lies in the fact that with the introduction of such injections, the body will get used to the aggressive substance, and during the period of exacerbation it will not react so violently to it.

Folk methods of treatment and prevention of hay fever

If for some reason (for example, fear of injections) a person cannot give injections, he should contact folk medicine, which offers several methods that have a similar result. The only thing to note is the treatment folk remedies results can be achieved much later.

So here are some recipes:

1. In winter, it is recommended to take an infusion of a plant that causes an allergic reaction in summer. To do this, take crushed dry leaves and pour them with a glass of boiling water. One tablespoon will suffice. Reception starts with minimum dose(about a teaspoon per day), and if there are no allergy symptoms (itching, rash, runny nose, watery eyes, etc.), gradually increase it.
2. Another effective method is to take honey from the pollen of a plant that provokes non-standard reaction organism. Among other things, honey and bee products are excellent prophylactic against pollinosis.
3. Another interesting and, in addition, in a pleasant way is taking warm baths with the flower of that plant, which in summer causes backlash organism. If it is not possible to get flowers, you can replace them with essential oils.

pro-allergy.ru

Plant flowering calendar for allergy sufferers

The following variation can serve as a slightly more complete calendar for a "spring" allergy sufferer, more early start flowering trees and shrubs:

allergozona.ru

Flowering and dusting calendar: periodicity of dangerous moments

There are three pollen waves:

• spring - associated with the flowering of trees (peak occurs in April - May);
• summer - during the flowering period of cereals;
• summer-autumn - associated with pollen weeds.

But in each region, both the plants themselves and the timing of their flowering can vary significantly.

Knowing the flowering period of "dangerous" plants, you can prepare in advance for the hay fever season.

The best way to avoid an aggravation is to plan a vacation for this period and go to the region where allergenic plant does not grow or the timing of its flowering is shifted to an earlier or more late period. For example, if you are allergic to birch in April-May, you can go south from central Russia.

But even if this is not possible, you can prepare for the pollinosis season in your own climate zone. You should not plan a long stay on the street for this period, protect windows from pollen, purchase air purifiers with special filters, and, finally, stock up in advance antihistamines, such as Cetrin.

Knowing the dusting and flowering calendar for allergy sufferers also helps in diagnosing the allergen. If the symptoms allergic rhinitis appear only in April, the doctor first of all conducts a study with tree allergens. This information helps to reduce the number of allergy tests and make testing more targeted.

Anyone with a pollen allergy should keep a pollen calendar close at hand. After all, "forewarned is forearmed."

Having studied the flowering and dusting calendar for allergy sufferers and knowing the dangerous period for you, you can do everything possible in advance to feel as comfortable as possible at this time.

cetrine.ru

Features of the disease

Pollinosis is a disease allergic nature, which occurs when the organism interacts with plant pollen. As a result of contact with the allergen, the immune system responds inadequate response. Manifestations of the disease in allergy sufferers appear only in the period of time when plants bloom and a significant release of pollen occurs. When the concentration of the allergen in the air reaches critical values, the immune system is no longer able to cope with the attack. The first symptoms of an allergy appear.

Not all plants can cause such a reaction. Some plants that can bloom and release pollen in various climatic regions are capable of provoking allergies. different time. Therefore, the flowering calendar is compiled for allergy sufferers for each year, taking into account these features.

Signs and symptoms of allergic reactions

Inappropriate reaction immune system to an allergen in the form of pollen is manifested by such conditions:

• the occurrence of sensations of itching and irritation in the nasal cavity;
• the appearance of mucous discharge from the nose;
• nasal congestion and bouts of sneezing;
• noise and pain in the ears (typical for childhood);
• itching, redness of the eyes;
• the appearance of swelling and lacrimation;
• manifestations of asthma attacks;
• skin reactions in the form of atopic dermatitis.

In some cases, the disease is accompanied by a state of increased fatigue, headaches, sleep disturbances and loss of appetite. Rarely, allergy sufferers are diagnosed with a concomitant increase in body temperature, increased sweating and chills. dangerous complication considered for allergy sufferers angioedema Quincke.

In order to get rid of the manifestations of the disease, you can use not only antihistamine therapy. The information contained in the flowering calendar of various plants can also help to avoid contact with allergens. The current version will be 2018.

Features of the calendar for allergy sufferers

Knowledge of the characteristics of flowering and dusting of plants whose pollen is dangerous for allergy sufferers helps to quickly and accurately determine the cause of the disease and choose effective methods fight him. Thanks to the specially compiled plant flowering calendar for 2018, this process becomes much easier for allergy sufferers. As before, in 2018 there are three main time periods when the saturation of the air with allergens is especially high:

• spring time when the trees are in bloom;
• summer period, marked by the flowering of meadow grasses;
• autumn, during which herbs related to weeds bloom.

Plant pollination table

The climatic map of the flora plays an important role, as regions may differ in weather conditions and plant species. It is necessary to take into account the adaptation of the calendar to climatic zones, because the season of flowering and pollen formation in plants in the Crimea has significant differences from, for example, Moscow. For the inhabitants of the southern regions, the duration of the "dangerous" periods of time is much longer than for the inhabitants of the northern ones.

Dusting season in the European part Russian Federation begins with the flowering of gray alder. In March 2018, it was identified high level saturation of the air with the pollen of this plant. May is characterized by the flowering of hawthorn, cornflower, wild rose. In the summer, many plants begin to bloom that can provoke allergic manifestations. The 2018 Summer Bloom Calendar contains data on many herbaceous plants.

Allergy calendar for the central region of Russia

The flowering calendar of plants is of great importance for allergy sufferers. Thanks to this calendar, you can properly plan your vacation in 2018, avoiding regions with a high concentration of allergens in the air. But most importantly, its purpose is to help diagnose the cause of nonspecific immune response. Early detection and the exclusion of allergens will help to correctly and successfully apply the appropriate means in the fight against the disease.

allrg.ru

Flowering calendar for Central Russia

Bloom calendar for Siberia

Flowering calendar for the Volga region

Allergy is divided by season into spring, summer and summer-autumn period. In spring, an exacerbation occurs in those who are allergic to tree pollen, in summer to grasses, and in autumn, weeds bloom.

Flowering of plants continues until about the end of September, then people suffering from allergies can take a break and take preventive measures, preparing for the next season.

For allergy sufferers, the flowering calendar is very useful; in accordance with it, you can rebuild your life in order to suffer as little as possible from seasonal exacerbation.

Flowering calendar for the North-West of Russia

Blooming calendar for Crimea

Flowering calendar for the South of Russia

Flowering calendar for the Urals

This tree is widespread in Russia, it is beautiful, romantic, but people who have an allergic reaction to pollen - hay fever, are not up to romance. So, the most pressing question is when the birch flowering will end, what should people with allergies do during this period? Useful information for allergy sufferers with practical tips.

There are several types of birch in Russia, and there are quite a few climatic zones in our country. In the south, birch can bloom in mid-April, in the north of the country - in May and early June. In central Russia, for example, the flowering of birch in Moscow usually ends by the first of June. In St. Petersburg - a little later. The peak of birch flowering usually falls on May 9-10, just in time for the holidays, so it’s better to do without traditional barbecue during this period.

So, how to survive birch flowering if hay fever is found in you or your child? The pollen of the tree is so fine that even in the city, far from the birch groves, there will be seizures. Therefore, allergists recommend leaving somewhere for this period. IN Lately the most popular destination is Turkey - there is dry air, the sea, no allergenic muck blooms in May. Russian resorts, unfortunately, are not very suitable, except that in the Crimea this tree is practically absent. But in the Crimea, many other different plants and herbs bloom in the spring, so if you want to go there, you need to know what exactly your hay fever manifests itself in. In principle, it is also easier in Gelendzhik and Anapa than in Moscow or the Urals during this period. But it’s better all the same - where in general to the south, where everything has already faded in May.

What to do if you can't leave?

Of course, go south to whole month rarely does anyone succeed. How to survive birch flowering and get rid of allergies? Unfortunately, despite the fact that now there are methods of immunotherapy that allow you to forget about attacks for some time, it is almost impossible to completely defeat allergies. Therefore, the only way is to stay away from birches, not to go to nature once again during this period, wear glasses, drive a car, and also wash clothes after walking.

At home, two things will come in handy - an air conditioner with an air purification function and a water vacuum cleaner. As a rule, these two accessories help to survive even if the birch is blooming right outside the window. Only now it is better to ventilate the room only when the allergy sufferer is not at home, and after airing, drive the air with an air conditioner and do a wet cleaning. Good plastic or wooden windows that are hermetically sealed will also not be superfluous. It is also worth checking the current ventilation and, if the house is low and pollen can fly into the mine, seal the holes with foam rubber.

Among thousands of allergens, plant pollen is one of the most common causes of allergic reactions. Hay fever - an allergic reaction to pollen - affects every fourth inhabitant of our planet. I will talk more about the disease itself later. Now our task is to determine which plants and how pose a threat to the health of people with allergies.

More than 700 plant species are known to which allergic patients develop sensitization (sensitivity). Plants - allergens produce pollen mainly in the early morning hours, so this time is the most dangerous for allergy sufferers. The maximum concentration of pollen in the air and in warm sunny weather, and rain and drought inhibit the maturation of pollen, so allergy sufferers feel good at this time. All these natural conditions it is necessary to remember and take into account those who are already familiar with allergies and know which plant their body reacts to.

In addition, to help allergic patients, special floristic maps and a list of plants that bloom in the regions and regions have been compiled. different countries, their special "schedules" of dusting.

Symptoms of pollinosis begin when the concentration of pollen in the air reaches threshold values. They are quite relative, but on average it is believed that the dangerous limit is 10-20 pollen grains per 1 cubic meter of air.

The pollen itself is male body seed plants, which looks like tiny grains. Their size, shape and structure are different, but the average size pollen grain is 20–60 µm. Of course it can't be seen with a simple eye. An allergen is a protein that pollen grains contain. Some plants carry pollen by wind, others by insects. In the latter case, it is not so dangerous, because it is practically absent in the air, and it is produced in smaller quantities. Such pollen is called entomophilous. Plants pollinated by insects usually have large and bright flowers with strong smell. The main threat to allergy sufferers is created by wind-pollinated plants, the pollen of which is called anemophilous.

All allergenic plants are divided into three groups - trees, cereals and weeds. They bloom at different times, and therefore exacerbations of pollinosis occur in three periods - spring-summer (trees dust from the beginning of April to the end of June), early summer (cereals bloom in June-July) and summer-autumn (weeds bloom time - from late June to late August). Usually, patients react to the flowering of not one, but two or three plants, so the seasonal exacerbation lasts about a month.

Trees

Trees are divided into gymnosperms and angiosperms. The former include coniferous plant species - spruce, pine, cedar, cypress, juniper, swamp cypress, sequoia. All of them are in large quantities emit pollen, but this pollen has a low allergenicity, although sensitivity to it exists. From coniferous trees spruce and pine most often cause allergies. Pollen of angiosperms - birch, alder and hazel, ash, maple, linden, etc. has a stronger allergenic activity. Of these, the strongest allergen is birch. Trees bloom in different dates, therefore, hay fever has its seasons.

tree flowering periods

March - April - flowering of alder, hazel and birch.
End of April - willow, poplar, elm, ash, maple bloom.
May - oak, lilac, apple tree, coniferous trees bloom.
June - linden blossoms.

Cereal (meadow) herbs

Almost all herbs from the cereal family bloom all summer from May to the end of August. The most allergenic representatives of cereals include: timothy, cocksfoot, meadow fescue, bluegrass, chaff, feather grass, bent grass, foxtail, wheatgrass.

weeds

Flowering of weeds covers the late summer period and the beginning of autumn - from August to September. At this time, wormwood, quinoa and hemp are especially dangerous for allergy sufferers. Pollinosis is also caused by dandelion, plantain, sunflower, coltsfoot, sorrel and nettle. And in the southern regions - ragweed pollen.

Artemisia pollen allergen has similar antigens and is capable of causing cross-reactions with ragweed, dandelion, coltsfoot, and birch pollen allergens.

Flowering periods of cereals and weeds

Tab. 1. Schedule of flowering of cereals and weeds

Prevention of hay fever in allergy sufferers

Despite the fact that there are much more trees in the suburban area, it is the city dwellers who are more susceptible to hay fever. Why is this happening? The fact is that rare trees in urban areas also emit pollen, and the wind carries it throughout the city for many kilometers. Pollen settles on houses and cars, mixes with car exhaust and other harmful emissions into the atmosphere, and enters the body. It becomes even more dangerous due to these impurities, which increase the ability of pollen to cause allergies hundreds of times.

To be saved from seasonal allergies, you need to take into account the proximity of the location of the trees. Find out what plants grow nearby, in neighboring squares and parks. Go for a walk where there are no allergenic plants. It is better to relax outside the city near a river or the sea, or walk in a forest where mostly coniferous or deciduous trees grow: depending on what you react to.

Be aware of weather conditions. In dry and warm weather, allergy symptoms intensify. Allergy sufferers should walk in rainy and cloudy weather and better evening than in the morning. The trees are dusty in the morning, and in the evening and at night their intensity subsides.

In the middle of summer the air is the most high concentration pollen of cereal plants - 100-500 grains in one cubic meter. June and June are the most dangerous time for recreation in forest, hilly and mountainous areas (in the mountains, the flowering time is even longer). During this period, you should not mow lawns and mow grass in your dachas.

Ornamental floriculture is less dangerous for allergy sufferers, since flowers are usually pollinated by insects.
People suffering from pollinosis can give an allergic reaction to honey, which contains the pollen of allergenic plants.
Before traveling, purchase a calendar of flowering plants in the area where you are going so that your vacation does not turn into a treatment.
When traveling in a car during flowering periods, keep the windows closed.

Pollen Allergy Symptoms

Pollen allergy is most often manifested by allergic rhinitis and conjunctivitis, that is, it causes symptoms of a runny nose with transparent secretions from the nose, cough, sore throat, as well as watery eyes, itching and redness of the eyelids. Allergic reaction can be expressed in bronchospasm, seizures bronchial asthma.

Allergy symptoms depend not only on the individual sensitivity of the person, but also on the amount of pollen in the air. Plants usually produce pollen within 1 to 2 months. The exacerbation of pollinosis continues for the same amount of time, if no measures are taken and contacts with the allergen are not minimized.

In 2017, summer began with rain and coolness, and many plants bloom later than usual. Numerous rains reduce the amount of pollen in the air, and this cannot but please allergy sufferers.

But, despite this, allergy sufferers do not interfere with taking usual measures precautions during flowering plants - allergens.

Allergy to each type of plant is characterized by a certain time of the year when this type of plant is dusty and its pollen is in the air.

Pollen from the air settles on the mucous membrane of the nose, eyes and bronchi, causing characteristic symptoms.:

Sneeze attacks

Nasal congestion and itching

Watery discharge from the nose

Feeling of "sand" in the eyes

Itching and redness of the eyelids, conjunctiva

lacrimation

Headache

In addition to the above signs of allergy, patients with pollinosis may also experience other symptoms - sleep disorders, chronic fatigue, fast fatiguability. All these symptoms lead to a significant deterioration in the quality of life of allergy sufferers and significantly reduce their daily activities, professional activity or study.

Also, over time, symptoms of bronchial asthma may join, which at first appear only during the dusting period, and in the future may be permanent.

A few useful tips will help you significantly reduce allergic attacks in the summer. In addition, strictly follow the appointments of your allergist.

How to deal with allergies in the summer?

1. Buy an air purifier for your home, it absorbs air saturated with allergens (pollen, household dust, hair and pieces of animal epidermis, exhaust gases), performs multi-stage purification and releases clean air back into the room.
2. Maintain optimum indoor humidity. Too high humidity contributes to the development of mold, which in itself is a fairly strong allergen.
3. Try not to go outside early in the morning, because this is the period when the concentration of pollen is highest in the air. Best time for walks - evening and time after rain, as drops of water nail pollen, preventing it from spreading over long distances. Consider the weather forecast when planning your walks.
4. Take a shower or bath after a walk to wash away dust or pollen from your body. If it is not possible to wash yourself completely, then at least wash your face or at least rinse your nose thoroughly. It’s also a good idea to change clothes after visiting the street.
5. Mandatory daily wet cleaning! If you feel more comfortable vacuuming, get a model with an anti-allergic filter that traps the smallest particles.
6. Allergies cause many problems and inconveniences for summer residents. Work on fresh air turns into real torture. So, when planning a trip to the country, do not forget to grab reliable allergy medications. Sunglasses - good remedy protection from allergic conjunctivitis. It is advisable to have a bandage on the face or nasal filters.
7. Beware of insects, the bite of which can provoke an allergic reaction.
8. If you are allergic to the sun, it is best to refrain from sun exposure altogether. beach holiday. You also need to be careful outside on hot and sunny days.
9. Before choosing a holiday destination, try to learn as much as you can about the local cuisine, plants, insects, and climate. Allergies can turn any vacation into an ordeal. Be sure to visit your allergist, he will help you choose medicines for the trip and provide useful tips.
10. When traveling in a car, it is better to close the windows tightly.
11. It is better to dry the washed clothes at home, and not on the street.