What to do with scarlet fever in kindergarten. Legislative framework of the Russian Federation

Pathogen of this disease is group A streptococcus. If this microorganism is present in the human body, it is a carrier of infection and can cause infection in healthy person.

In the absence of antitoxic immunity, the pathogen enters the mucous membranes of the nasopharynx and provokes infection. It should be noted that in some cases infection is possible through damaged areas on the body.

Length of incubation period

The incubation period of scarlet fever is the period of time from the entry of the infectious agent into the body until the appearance of the first symptoms of the disease. The incubation period for scarlet fever lasts from 12 hours to 12 days. Its duration depends on:

child's health,
the presence of chronic diseases and mandatory vaccinations.

The age of the child does not play a role in the duration of the period.

During breeding pathogenic microorganism, the child’s body tries to fight them on its own and produces antibodies. If a child has low immunity, signs of scarlet fever will soon appear:

sore throat,
small pinpoint rashes on the body,
temperature increase.

Photo: Main symptoms of scarlet fever

Incubation period of scarlet fever in children

A child who contracted scarlet fever becomes infectious to others 1 day before the rash appears. Note that during incubation period no changes in well-being are observed. For this reason, a person often does not even suspect the presence of the pathogen in the body.

On average, the first symptoms in children appear after 3-5 days from the moment of infection. Treatment of the disease begins after the first symptoms appear, since during the incubation period it is almost impossible to suspect developing scarlet fever in a child.

If a child gets scarlet fever, this means that children's body first met with the causative agent of the disease (group A streptococci).
If this microorganism re-enters the body, the disease will proceed without characteristic rashes (streptococcal tonsillitis).

Is scarlet fever contagious during the incubation period?

The infection period is 7-10 days, the disease becomes contagious 24 hours before the first symptoms of scarlet fever appear. Usually a child becomes safe for others after a course of antibiotics, but in some cases it is capable of infecting others within 10-12 days.

For these reasons, quarantine in preschool institutions lasts longer than average duration diseases.

Quarantine for scarlet fever

As soon as the establishment was noticed infected child, he will be isolated for at least 10 days. The institution declares quarantine, the duration of which is 14-20 days.

If one of the healthy children (not previously infected) came into contact with sick people, he is also suspended from attending kindergarten or school. The isolation in this case is 17 days from the moment the patient is detected.

If a child has previously suffered from scarlet fever, he is not excluded from visiting the institution. The child is examined daily by medical workers.

During quarantine in premises, surfaces, dishes or toys are treated with a special disinfectant solution. Quartz treatment and ventilation of the premises are carried out daily.

Treatment of scarlet fever is usually carried out at home, only in some severe cases the patient requires hospitalization. As a result Compliance with quarantine measures is necessary not only in kindergarten or another institution, but also at home:

If there are other children in the house, isolate them from the sick person as much as possible.
How the disease is transmitted by airborne droplets(in some cases contact-household), it is advisable that only one family member looks after the patient. This will help avoid group infection.
All family members must wear medical masks.
The child's bedding and underwear must be washed at 90 degrees.
A patient with scarlet fever should have personal hygiene products.
Ventilation and quartz treatment of the room are carried out twice a day.

The opinion of Dr. Komarovsky

The well-known pediatrician Komarovsky often encountered a disease such as scarlet fever. For the disease to progress over mild form without the development of complications, the doctor strongly recommends closely monitoring the child’s well-being.

As a rule, symptoms begin to worry after the end of the incubation period. The doctor thinks that good forecasts are provided if treatment began in a timely manner (In 1-2 days after the onset of the rash).

Parents' opinion

Parents note that during the incubation period of scarlet fever they did not notice any changes in the child’s behavior or well-being. The disease began abruptly, first a high temperature rose, the child began to complain of a sore throat when swallowing, and small, profuse rashes began to appear on his face.

Scarlet fever disease is caused by hemolytic streptococcus, which is highly contagious. That is why prevention of scarlet fever in children who have not yet become infected is very important. Since the disease is most often observed in children from 2 to 10 years old and is spread by airborne droplets and by contact, then it is very important to pay attention to possible signs the appearance of infection.

Symptoms of the disease

Hyperemia of the pharynx and tonsils, catarrhal tonsillitis also appears;
The tongue is covered with a gray coating, and after a few days it becomes crimson;
A child may become ill suddenly, with a high rise in temperature;
On 2-3 days it may appear pinpoint rash, which goes away within a week, leaving behind peeling.

Since the disease occurs upon contact with a sick person, and most often in the cold season, it is necessary, if possible, to increase immunity, drink vitamins and attend less crowded events. Also, you should not visit children's institutions if quarantine due to scarlet fever has begun there. This will make it possible to avoid possible complications which the disease may lead to.

The doctor usually prescribes a course of antibiotics, which must be taken completely, which will help avoid complications and also reduce the patient’s infectiousness. In addition, it is recommended to take antihistamines to relieve intoxication. At high temperature antipyretic drugs are prescribed. You should not try to treat your baby yourself, as there is a risk of getting not only a complication, but also severe swelling of the larynx, which often occurs with this disease.

Prevention in the absence of contact with the disease

Additionally, doctors offer such preventive measures as:

Balanced nutrition with foods rich in vitamins;
The need for ventilation and wet cleaning of the premises in which children and adults live;
Maintaining personal hygiene, washing hands;
Hardening and playing sports;
Healing everyone chronic diseases: otitis, sinusitis, tonsillitis.

You can use special products that help neutralize the infection, for example Imudon.

Pregnant women who did not have scarlet fever in childhood should be especially careful. Scarlet fever is similar to rubella and can be very dangerous to a child's health.

In kindergarten, children are not accepted into the group until quarantine is lifted, and kids who have been in contact with the source of infection are under observation for a week. Children from neighboring groups are prohibited from contacting each other. In the group, the premises are treated with special solutions, toys and dishes are washed. Be sure to treat the room with a special quartz lamp, which helps to destroy microbes.

Children who remain in the kindergarten are examined by the pharynx, temperature measurement, as well as sanitation of the oral cavity if they have been in contact with the sick person.

Lasts from 1 to 10 days, sometimes it can be longer. Often the infection is hidden, without fever, rash, therefore, in this case, an indicator of the presence, as well as peeling of the skin, which often occurs on the feet and palms. In the diagnosis, blood tests and a throat swab are used, in which streptococci and, accordingly, the presence of infection are visible.

Usually preschool age the child is constantly associated with quarantines, so you should not take the child to the group too early, such a strategy will help strengthen his immunity and protect him from unnecessary infections. When one of the children is ill with friends or at work, an adult can become the source of the spread of the disease. That is why it is better to take preventive measures and take the child out of the city or stay at home without visiting the office, for example, take a sick leave. Not all parents are ready for this approach, so during epidemics, you can temporarily limit contacts and wear a mask in places where there is a possibility of catching an infection.

If a sick child is at home, then it takes 10 days to treat the disease, and then quarantine continues for another 12 days until the status of a spreader of infection is removed from him.

In an apartment with a sick child, the same preventive measures are carried out as in a kindergarten. If possible, the child is isolated in another room. The room is wet cleaned and ventilated every day. Only toys that are easy to clean or treat should be left, the rest should be washed or discarded. He is given separate dishes. The linen and clothes of the child and the person who cares for him should be washed separately from the clothes of family members, and the baby should be cared for in a mask.

Scarlet fever usually bypasses others if prevention is followed correctly. The virus is active even if the child has been hospitalized, therefore, in order to avoid infection of the remaining family members, it is necessary to process and remove carpets, treat all surfaces with bleach solution, and ventilate the room.

The following activities will also help:

Hand washing;
Taking multivitamin medications;
Treating the throat with antiseptic solutions;
Wearing a bandage;
Careful surface treatment in all rooms with special solutions.

Since it does not exist, the disease may recur again, but it will look like a sore throat, without a rash. If the child did not comply with the prescribed bed rest, went out early for a walk or violated quarantine, then weakened immunity can play cruel joke. The disease returns again or carries with it a lot of complications.

Complications of scarlet fever

Sinusitis, otitis, lymphadenitis, pneumonia - these diseases can occur simultaneously with scarlet fever or immediately after;
Arthritis, myocarditis, rheumatism – late complications, which can subsequently even lead to disability.

Hospitalization

Other diseases are especially difficult, so most often the child is hospitalized.

Situations in which hospitalization occurs:

At severe forms oh scarlet fever that comes with high temperature, 40 degrees and above;
If there is another child in the family of preschool age;
When there is no one to care for the baby;
Children from boarding schools.

Adults can also be hospitalized if they have a septic or toxic form diseases.

Since the disease mainly affects in the autumn-winter period, it is very important to drink vitamins, increase immunity and try not to catch a cold. Walking in the fresh air will also help.

Teach your child to eat from his dishes, observe the rules of personal hygiene, sanitize his foci of existing infections (treat teeth, sinusitis, otitis media).

There are a lot of ways to get infected, it can be someone else's towel, a dirty toy taken in your mouth, hand-wiped railings in the entrance.

It is not necessary to isolate the child completely from games with peers, but it is worth explaining that the less he puts his hands and toys in his mouth, the less often he will have to give nasty pills or give injections. Perhaps this method of suggestion will work.

Scarlet fever is contagious bacterial infections and requires mandatory compliance with measures to prevent its spread.

The disease belongs to the group of infectious diseases. It occurs among adults and children. Scarlet fever is most common in children under the age of twelve.

The peak incidence occurs in cold seasons; the disease is common in areas with cold climates.

In closed groups it can lead to outbreaks of infection, especially among children attending kindergarten.

The susceptibility to the pathogen is very high. Only children under two years of age do not get sick, since they have passive immunity transmitted by their mother during breastfeeding.

The cause of scarlet fever is the penetration of bacteria into the body of a healthy person - group A hemolytic streptococcus.

This pathogen is the cause of not only scarlet fever, but also erysipelas skin, sore throat, otitis.

The pathogenic effect of hemolytic streptococcus is due to the fact that it produces a special toxin - hematoxin.

It spreads in the human body through the blood and causes general intoxication and damage to certain systems.

Streptococcus can penetrate the human body by directly contacting the mucous membranes of the oropharynx. In this case, the initial changes occur precisely at the site of its penetration.

But another penetration of group A hemolytic streptococcus into the body is rarely possible; it penetrates through wound surfaces skin (for burns, skin wounds).

With this method of penetration of the scarlet fever pathogen, atypical form diseases – extrabuccal.

The causative agent of scarlet fever enters external environment and is spread by airborne droplets. But spread also occurs through contact with a patient, use general subjects household items, toys.

Infection is possible from a patient with scarlet fever or other diseases caused by streptococcus hemolytic group A.

A person becomes contagious from the very beginning of the disease, and the contagiousness remains throughout the entire period of the disease. There is also prolonged bacterial excretion after recovery, about a month.

Clinical picture of the disease

From the moment the pathogen enters the body until symptoms appear, time passes - the incubation period.

With this pathology, it ranges from two to twelve days, in most cases it is about four days. Among sick children, some may have some symptoms during this period:

slight fatigue;
minor headaches;
tearfulness.

Then the infected person suddenly develops severe symptoms intoxication due to the action of streptococcal toxin:

a sharp rise in temperature up to 40 degrees;
lethargy;
increased drowsiness;
severe general weakness;
soreness throughout the body;
chills.

When the causative agent of scarlet fever penetrates through the mucous membranes of the nasopharynx, following the symptoms of intoxication, symptoms of inflammation of the mucous membranes of the pharynx occur.

These include symptoms of developed sore throat:

swelling, enlargement of the tonsils;
their redness;
purulent follicles, or accumulations of pus in the lacunae of the tonsils.

Symptoms of inflammation can also affect back wall pharynx, it turns red and grain appears on it.

A plaque forms on the mucous membrane of the tongue, which disappears after three days. After that, swelling of the papillae of the tongue occurs, and they acquire a crimson hue.

When the pathogen spreads across lymphatic vessels, he gets into the regional The lymph nodes.

In this case, there are signs of lymphadenitis - inflammation of the lymph nodes:

their increase;
pain on palpation;
pain when opening the mouth.

After about 24 hours, characteristic skin symptoms:

arise skin rashes small dots;
the first rashes appear on the skin of the face;
later they spread downward path all over the body;
skin rashes merge in the inguinal, elbow, popliteal folds;
can form continuous areas of hyperemia on the body;
There are no rashes on the skin of the nasolabial triangle.

Rashes on the skin persist during scarlet fever for about five days, then they gradually turn pale and disappear.

After scarlet fever rashes disappear, the skin remains unchanged.

But after a week the patient develops characteristic symptoms– peeling of the skin begins. In the area of the feet and hands it is lamellar in nature.

In the extrabuccal form of scarlet fever, skin symptoms first appear near entrance gate, and later spread throughout the body.

Also, with this form of scarlet fever, there is no damage to the oropharynx, since the pathogen penetrates through other entrance gates.

What therapy is prescribed

Treatment of scarlet fever consists of strict adherence to regimen measures and competent therapy.

Treatment is carried out only after consultation and examination of the patient by an infectious disease specialist, or by a local therapist or pediatrician.

Self-treatment can lead to the formation of severe forms of scarlet fever, the development of complications, and the spread of infection. Regime measures include:

appointment bed rest for about a week;
strict isolation of the patient;
when a sore throat develops, pureed and non-irritating food is recommended;
you need to drink a lot of fluids;
allocation of a separate set of dishes;
disinfectant cleaning of the premises.

Treatment of scarlet fever is carried out in the vast majority of cases at home. Treatment in infectious diseases department shown under the following conditions:

severe scarlet fever;
development of complications with scarlet fever;
the impossibility of strictly isolating the patient at home;
presence of other family members in the family up to the age of seven;
patients from children's social institutions.

Treatment of scarlet fever should include mandatory etiotropic treatment.

Etiotropic treatment is carried out antibacterial agents, during its implementation, the funds are prescribed in courses lasting about ten days.

The following drugs with antimicrobial action are used in the treatment of scarlet fever:

Amoxicillin;
Ampicillin;
Ampiox;
Augmentin;
Chemomycin;
Ceftriaxone;
Ceforal;
Klacid.

The drug group, dosage and frequency of administration for scarlet fever are determined only by a specialist.

To prevent the risk of complications, if signs of scarlet fever are detected, it is urgent to consult a specialist and receive the necessary treatment.

Prevention of scarlet fever

Scarlet fever is considered a disease infectious etiology who need to comply with quarantine measures.

Since the infection is contagious, it is necessary to isolate the patient from healthy people.

After recovery from scarlet fever, children are admitted to nurseries preschool institutions only in twelve days. Prevention of scarlet fever in children includes imposing quarantine in children's groups.

In a kindergarten, a group in which a child falls ill with scarlet fever is quarantined for seven days. No new children are allowed to visit during this period.

If the child communicated with the patient throughout the entire period of the disease, then he is removed from the children's team for seventeen days from the moment of first contact.

Specific prevention for scarlet fever has not been developed, there are no vaccines.

If children with poor health or small children come into contact with scarlet fever, human gammaglobulin may be administered.

Human gammaglobulin contains antibodies against hemolytic streptococcus and helps in the formation of passive immunity. This measure helps to significantly reduce the risk of infection

Quarantine implies a whole system of measures to eliminate the source of the disease and stop the spread of infection.

Scarlet fever throughout the world is considered mainly a childhood disease; children from 3 to 10 years old often suffer from this disease. There is no vaccination.

Main symptoms:

sore throat, which is accompanied by the appearance of sore throat throughout the body,
elevated temperature (up to limiting norms),
constant headache
swelling of the lymph nodes in the neck.

The consequences of scarlet fever are dangerous: purulent inflammation ears, partial deafness, heart and kidney disease, inflammation of the lymph nodes.

It is transmitted mainly by airborne droplets and through toys, clothing, and third parties. After a child has been ill, a strong immunity is formed (almost 100% that the child will no longer get scarlet fever).

Incubation period illness - from 1 to 10 days. It is worth understanding that a child is already contagious the day before the first rash appears. That is, neither parents nor a kindergarten nurse will be able to prevent the spread of this contagious disease in advance.

Scarlet fever in kindergarten is not a unique phenomenon and is quite common. All children must be examined by a nurse every morning before admission to the group. Often, scarlet fever (before the rash appears) can be confused with a sore throat. In this regard, quarantine measures are often carried out somewhat late.

The main responsibility for eliminating the epidemic lies with the head of the kindergarten, who must accept everything necessary measures, according to current legislation Russian Federation:

Resolution of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation dated December 18, 2013 N 66, Moscow “On approval of SP 3.1.2.3149-13”

Registration N 31852

In accordance with Federal law dated March 30, 1999 N 52-FZ “On the sanitary and epidemiological welfare of the population” (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 1999, N 14, Art. 1650; 2002, N 1 (part 1), Art. 2; 2003, N 2, Article 167; No. 27 (Part 1), Article 2700; 2004, No. 35, Article 3607; 2005, No. 19, Article 1752; 2006, No. 1, Article 10; No. 52 (Part 1) , Article 5498; 2007, No. 1 (Part 1), Article 21; No. 1 (Part 1), Article 29; No. 27, Article 3213; No. 46, Article 5554; No. 49, Art. 6070; 2008, N 24, Article 2801; N 29 (Part 1), Article 3418; N 30 (Part 2), Article 3616; N 44, Article 4984; N 52 (Part 1), Article 6223; 2009, N 1, Article 17; 2010, N 40, Article 4969; 2011, N 1, Article 6; N 30 (Part 1), Article 4563; N 30 (Part 1) , art. 4590; N 30 (part 1), art. 4591; N 30 (part 1), art. 4596; N 50, art. 7359; 2012, N 24, art. 3069; N 26, art. 3446; 2013, N 27, Art. 3477; N 30 (part 1), Art. 4079, and the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated July 24, 2000 N 554 “On approval of the Regulations on the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of the Russian Federation and the Regulations on the State sanitary and epidemiological regulation" (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2000, No. 31, Art. 3295; 2004, N 8, art. 663; N 47, art. 4666; 2005, N 39, art. 3953) I decree:

1. Approve the sanitary and epidemiological rules SP 3.1.2.3149-13 “Prevention of streptococcal (group A) infections” (Appendix).

Acting Chief State Sanitary Doctor

Russian Federation

A. Popova

* Registered with the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation on April 7, 2003, registration No. 4385.

Prevention of streptococcal (group A) infection Sanitary and epidemiological rules SP 3.1.2. 3149-13

I. Scope of application

1.1. These sanitary and epidemiological rules (hereinafter referred to as sanitary rules) have been developed in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation. Sanitary rules establish requirements for a set of organizational, treatment and prophylactic, sanitary and anti-epidemic (preventive) measures, timely and full implementation which provides prevention of primary and secondary (immunopathological and toxic-septic) forms of streptococcal (group A) infection.

1.2. Compliance with sanitary rules is mandatory for citizens individual entrepreneurs and legal entities1.

1.3. Monitoring the implementation of these sanitary and epidemiological rules is carried out by bodies authorized to carry out federal state sanitary and epidemiological supervision.

It is mandatory to record all elimination and prevention actions and quarantine periods in a special journal.

The manager issues an official order “On urgent measures to prevent the spread of infection." In accordance with this document, all necessary measures are taken to prevent the spread of scarlet fever.

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Document example:

Moscow Department of Education

State budget educational institution Moscow cities

"School No. 109"

GBOU School No. 109

117513, Moscow, st. Academician Bakuleva, 20 tel.: 8-499-737-48-58

Order

___.________.20__

On urgent measures to prevent
spread of infectious
illness (flu) in a preschool institution

In connection with the registration of the disease among pupils of ___________________ group in order to ensure sanitary and epidemiological well-being, prevent the occurrence and spread infectious disease V children's team, I order:

1. For medical workers:

1.1. Prepare and place in parental corners individual reminders for children and parents on flu prevention.

1.2. Do not allow children and employees with signs of acute respiratory infections into preschool educational institutions.

1.3. Immediately isolate children and staff who show signs of influenza-like illness upon arrival at the preschool or who become ill during the day from other children and staff.

1.4. Allow children and staff to the preschool educational institution only after full recovery with a doctor's certificate.

1.5. Provide employees of preschool educational institutions with disinfectants and by individual means protection.

1.8. When registering 5 or more cases of influenza in a preschool institution, ensure medical supervision for contact children for 14 days (measurement of body temperature, examination of the nasopharyngeal mucosa).

2. For educators:

2.1. Conduct active awareness-raising work among children and parents on flu prevention.

2.2. Carry out mandatory daily examination of children with subsequent recording in the observation sheet for contact children and group staff.

2.3. Strengthen hand hygiene frequent washing with soap, change of towels 2 times a week and as soiled during the period of rising incidence).

3. For junior teachers:

3.1. Regularly and efficiently carry out wet cleaning using disinfectants, which have virucidal activity, reversing Special attention on surfaces and objects that have the most frequent contact with hands.

3.2. Ensure quartzing and cross-ventilation of group rooms in the absence of children, in accordance with the requirements of sanitary and epidemiological rules and regulations.

4. To the deputy heads of administrative and chemical engineering departments:

4.1. Hold meetings with the workforce (with the obligatory presence of medical personnel) on urgent measures to prevent the spread of influenza.

4.2. Cancel planned public events until further notice.

4.3. Organize enhanced control over the implementation of anti-epidemic measures in quarantined groups.

4.4. Entrust control over the execution of the order to the manager and the head nurse.

Director of GBOU school No. 109 Yamburg E.Sh.

After the Order is ready and issued, the head of urgently calls an unscheduled staff meeting. At the meeting, the manager conveys information about quarantine and the situation in the kindergarten, and the nurse provides mandatory instructions to the staff.

All those present sign in the briefing log, which is prepared by head nurse.

Execution control quarantine measures carried out by the head nurse and the deputy for the administrative and administrative department.

In addition, the pediatric nurse, together with an infectious disease doctor, develops:

Ventilation, cleaning and quartz schedules

Examples:

Wet cleaning schedule

Time	Premises
Time	group room	Bedroom	Reception	Toilet room

Ventilation schedule

Time	Premises
Time	group room	Bedroom	Reception	Toilet room

Quartz graph

Time	Premises
Time	group room	Bedroom	Reception

All documentation must be reviewed and approved by the head of the preschool educational institution.

In addition to the documents presented above, the nurse must maintain and fill in:

Journal of scarlet fever diseases.
Logbook for quartz installation.

A reminder on how to deal with scarlet fever and preventive measures should be posted on a publicly accessible stand in a visible place.

Staff (teachers) must conduct parent meetings, conversations and consultations.

Scarlet fever quarantine in kindergarten is prescribed precisely from the moment when the sick child is isolated.

The question arises: how long does quarantine last in kindergarten? – The quarantine period due to scarlet fever in kindergarten is exactly 7 days. Children who are sick cannot be admitted to preschool educational institutions for 21-22 days until complete recovery.

Preventive actions during quarantine:

Notification to all parents and kindergarten staff.
Disinfection of the premises by special means, which are not prohibited for use in preschool educational institutions.
Disinfection of bed linen, all toys in the group, dishes, furniture
During the quarantine period, new children and children who were temporarily absent are not allowed into kindergarten. Important! If parents have expressed a desire to take their child to kindergarten during the quarantine period, the manager is obliged to accept the child. In this case, all responsibility will be on the parents.
Communication of children between groups is prohibited.
In the outbreak of the disease, children and employees must have their body temperature measured and examined twice a day.
If one or more symptoms are detected, it is necessary to isolate the sick child in a separate room, limit contact with other children and conduct an examination by a pediatrician.
Children with inflammation respiratory tract and nasopharynx, are allowed into the educational institution only after recovery, which is documented by a pediatrician.
Anyone who has been in contact with patients and has confirmatory symptoms is urgently sanitized.
No later than the second day after the first case is identified, all personnel must be examined by an otolaryngologist and undergo mandatory special rapid testing.

Employees who have not had scarlet fever, but were in a hotbed of infection (at work, at home) have the right to work fully, but with prerequisite– daily medical checkup nurse. If a patient with whom an employee has been in contact is hospitalized, examinations continue for 7 days.

If the patient was not isolated, there must be preventive examinations every day for 17 days.

If the person in contact is a child, then you are not allowed to attend kindergarten for 7 days in the first case, and 17 days in the second case.

If a child falls ill at school, no quarantine measures are taken.

Scarlet fever - contagious disease, quickly transmitted through household contact and airborne droplets. Infectious pathology quickly affects a large number of people who show signs of intoxication and other symptoms characteristic of this disease. Previously it was believed that this was a disease of children under 10 years of age, but now even adults suffer from this disease. Poor nutrition and ecology have had a negative impact on the immune system of people, therefore, more and more often they are discovering infectious pathologies, including frequent cases of scarlet fever. How does scarlet fever manifest? Is quarantine really necessary? This question interests many parents. It is important to know how to keep your child safe.

How many days does it last

Children of kindergarten age become infected more quickly; parents often bring their children with snot and cough, because there is no one to leave the baby with. Therefore, such guys get infected faster and become spreaders of the infection, without knowing it. Scarlet fever quarantine: how many days does it last in the garden?

Isolation of patients is carried out immediately after detection of the disease. In kindergarten, both children and teachers can be carriers. Parents should be told how long quarantine lasts medical staff establishments. The patient needs to recover and undergo a course of treatment. Healthy patients isolated to carry out disinfection in the group where the infected baby could be.

Important! The isolation period for this disease is 22 days. This is necessary because the child can be contagious even after recovery, which usually takes 10-14 days. The period may vary, depending on how much time in educational institution or kindergarten will have time to disinfect.

Quarantine at school also lasts 22 days. But sometimes the isolation period can be longer. In an educational institution of this type there is large quantity children, so the quarantine may be longer. How many days are there in school? Approximately 22–52 days.

Why is a 21-day quarantine prescribed for scarlet fever? A complex of administrative and sanitary and anti-epidemic measures is carried out immediately after the discovery of a sick patient. Some time after complex treatment a sick patient releases a pathogen, that is, continues to infect surrounding individuals. Therefore, it is necessary to observe certain measures to prevent infection of strangers. Which means quarantine after scarlet fever will last another week and a half.

Important! During this period, the establishment is completely disinfected. It is necessary to carry out the following measures: disinfection of toys, things, bed linen, dishes. In the room where a sick child could be located, ultraviolet irradiation of the air is carried out.

The entire group where the infected baby was located is subject to quarantine. The room is ventilated 4–6 times a day. Carpets must be given for cleaning, only warned about the infection, so that workers put on masks and gloves. All surfaces are treated with a disinfectant.

First signs

The causative agent of scarlet fever is streptococcal infection. The incubation period in children is important. Communication between a child and an infected patient may mean that the baby is already infected. It is important to start treatment during the incubation period, so there is a chance to prevent the bacteria from multiplying and the disease progressing.

It is generally accepted that the incubation period for a child lasts from 24 hours to 12 days. In a child with a weakened immune system, the first signs of scarlet fever may appear much earlier. Symptoms often begin to appear within 2–7 days.

Briefly about the causes and symptoms - photo

Children become infected streptococcal infection very fast. The bacterium produces an erythrogenic toxin. This pathogen is constantly on the skin of people, but when the immune system weakens or a wound appears, it penetrates the skin, multiplies and provokes the development of scarlet fever. The main signs of the disease are:

a sore throat;
red tongue or with a white coating;
soreness;
increased body temperature;
formation of a small cell rash on the tongue, soft palate, back of the pharynx;
then the rash spreads to the face and further down skin child.

In children, the lymph nodes become enlarged, signs of sore throat, and plaque on the tonsils appear. The baby's face becomes puffy. The course of the disease can be different, the severity of the pathology depends on general condition crumbs.

Preventive measures for child safety

After notifying parents about quarantine in a kindergarten or school due to the discovery of scarlet fever, the child needs prevention. The duration of the incubation period cannot be determined, because it is not known whether it is infected or not. If the child does not have symptoms of scarlet fever, begin immediately preventive measures. The main condition is increase immune system for self-defense against disease.

Truly, effective method prevention is vaccination. Special vaccines were developed in the middle of the 20th century. On this moment they are carried out rarely or at the request of parents whose child has suffered from signs of the disease. This is due to the fact that the vaccines caused strong allergic reactions and led to a lot of complications.

If there is a sick child in the house, it is necessary to ventilate the entire room 4-5 times a day. From birth, a child should be tempered, accustomed to proper nutrition and personal hygiene. Children with weak immunity it is better to live away from polluted and dusty cities, and you should also treat on time respiratory diseases. These measures increase the child’s immunity to the infectious agent. It is also necessary to ask educators or teachers to monitor children, epidemiological surveillance - best prevention many diseases.