Hematopoiesis stages. Postnatal period of hematopoiesis

Enough common problem in cats is the appearance of discharge from the genital tract. Some owners do not pay attention, believing that this process is natural, while others immediately call or rush to the veterinarian.

It is customary to divide all discharge into pathological and physiological.

/ during pregnancy

There are physiological discharges - childbirth

\ postpartum period

-Vaginal tumor

-Endometritis

There are pathological discharges - Vaginitis

-Vestibulitis

-Pyometra

Symptoms that you should also pay attention to

* Excessive licking of the vagina;

* The cat rubs its butt on the floor or rolls on the floor for a long time; also remain bloody or more light discharge;

* Increased urination and/or difficulty urinating;

* Difficulty with bowel movements;

* Lethargy, fever, increased thirst;

* Any type of vaginal discharge other than normal urine flow.

Let's look at the most common diseases among unsterilized cats at a young age:

PYOMETRA ENDOMETRITIS

Pyometra - this is the accumulation of pus in the uterine cavity due to the introduction of bacteria into the altered endometrium. Repeated exposure to the endometrium high concentrations estrogen and progesterone in the absence of pregnancy leads to cystic hyperplasia endometrium. Bacteria enter the altered endometrium upward path from the vagina through the cervix, which partially dilates before and during ovulation. It is worth noting that the pathogens belong to the normal vaginal form of E.Coli.

Symptoms. The main signs are lack of appetite, an enlarged abdomen, increased thirst, sometimes bloody or cloudy white discharge, and hair loss in the abdominal area.

Diagnostics. The diagnosis is made during general examination, ultrasound results of the uterus, as well as smear examination for pathogenic microflora.

Pyometra cat, 6 months old. The photo shows thickening of the uterine wall mucosa, changes in the endometrium

Treatment. For this pathology, drug or surgical treatment is used. During drug treatment a long course of antibiotics is used, wide range antibacterial drugs, hormonal drugs. BUT! Most often, with this pathology, this type treatment is not always effective and the attending physician has to resort to surgical treatment, to prevent relapse.

Endometritis - inflammation of the endometrium, the mucous membrane of the uterus, in which there is the release of exudate, cell proliferation, disruption physiological functions organ and increased temperature.

· Acute endometritis - the cat is apathetic, the appetite is reduced, there is a fever and vaginal discharge, does not allow touching the stomach, the external genitalia are inflamed.

· Chronic endometritis - wellness, timely onset of estrus, but fertilization does not occur or fetal death is noted during pregnancy, licks itself more often, removing spotting from the vulva. The danger is that chronic endometritis may become purulent.

Diagnostics. The diagnosis is made on the basis of a general examination, the results of an ultrasound scan of the uterus, as well as a smear examination for pathogenic microflora.

Treatment. If this disease was diagnosed on early stage, treatment for a cat includes eliminating symptoms, using antibiotics, broad-spectrum antimicrobials, and sometimes hormone therapy may be required to maintain the uterus in tone.

At acute form endometritis, they often resort to emergency sterilization, especially if pus accumulates in the uterus and does not come out. Also, in the acute form, even if you managed to cope conservative methods treatment, the probability of relapse is reduced to 70%.

If the above symptoms occur, you should not self-medicate, as all these diseases can lead to fatal outcome. To prevent complications or death of the animal, you should visit for preventive purposes veterinary clinics, for routine examination, vaccination, as well as before mating and after estrus.

Do not be ill! Take care of yourself and your pets!

Vaginal discharge, especially in unsterilized (non-castrated) cats, can be a sign of a wide variety of diseases.

Purulent vaginal discharge is one of the symptoms.

Pyometra is a serious disease, in many cases immediately life-threatening for cats. This is why you should never try to treat pyometra yourself at home. When pyometra develops, veterinarians most often perform surgical removal ovaries together with the uterus; the operation is carried out against the background intensive care and prescription of antibiotics.

If you notice vaginal discharge in your cat, first assess the severity of your pet's condition by answering the following questions:

♦ Has your cat been sterilized?

♦ When was the last time you noticed signs of estrus (heat)?

♦ Does your cat seem lethargic?

♦ What color are her gums?

♦ How quickly does the color of the gums return after the pressure stops - immediately or after 2-3 seconds?

♦ Does your cat have excessive thirst or polyuria (increased urine production)?

♦ Is there any irritation of the skin around the vulva due to discharge?

Vaginal discharge. You need EMERGENCY help from a veterinarian if:

♦ You suspect the development of pyometra (main symptoms: signs of intoxication, discoloration of the gums, vaginal discharge or its absence, polyuria, lethargy, increased thirst)

♦ The cat develops lethargy, regardless of the presence or absence of other symptoms.

Vaginal discharge. Do not delay visiting a veterinary hospital for too long:

♦ If the cat’s vaginal discharge does not become clear within 1–2 weeks.

♦ If vaginal discharge irritates the skin (the cat constantly licks the genital area).

Vaginal discharge. Treatment

To enhance resistance to infection, it is advisable to administer vitamin C at a dose of 5-10 mg/lb of body weight 2-3 times a day. (note: 1 lb = 373.2 g). To strengthen the immune system, it is also advisable to prescribe herbal medicines such as:

♦ Canadian goldenseal;

♦ astragalus;

♦ cat claw;

♦ Echinacea.

The above medicinal plants can be used either individually or in combination.

How to prepare an infusion.

♦ Pour one teaspoon of dry raw material into a glass of boiling water, leave until completely cooled and strain. Give the infusion to your cat 2-3 times a day, 1/4 teaspoon per 10-20 pounds of animal weight.

Goldenseal infusion is a fairly strong herbal medicine, so you SHOULD NOT use it for more than 7 days.

If you are unable to find the above medicinal plants, then you can use pharmacy tinctures. Dose 5-10 drops per 10-20 lbs of animal weight. Give the tincture, just like the infusion, 2-3 times a day.

TIP: Before using alcohol tincture, pour required quantity drops into a spoon and leave for a while - let the alcohol evaporate. This is especially important when using alcohol tinctures for treating cats.

Nettle infusion helps increase the resistance of the genitourinary system to infection.

To irrigate the area of inflammation, you can use a local infusion of herbs or pharmacy tinctures of Hypericum (St. John's wort) or Calendula (Calendula). The infusion is prepared according to the method described above. If you use tincture for irrigation, then in one glass boiled water dilute 10–20 drops of tincture.

In addition to herbs, irrigation can be carried out with diluted vinegar: 1–2 tablespoons of 7% table vinegar dilute in a glass of water.

How to perform vaginal irrigation in cats.

Vaginal irrigation is carried out using a Janet syringe, which is carefully inserted into the vagina to a depth of a quarter or half an inch. If you have a small breed cat, you can use a plastic syringe without a needle or an ordinary pipette.

Health to you and your pets.

The article was read by 110,939 pet owners

A cat's vaginal discharge is a sign of liquid substance(except urine) on the labia of the vulva (external genitalia). The discharge may be clear or watery (serous), bloody, cloudy and gray, yellow/green (purulent) or dark green, black, brown (postpartum). A cat's white discharge may or may not have an odor. When there is discharge, the cat constantly licks the causative area.
In some cases, vaginal discharge, depending on appearance and reasons are considered normal occurrence. However, the presence of discharge may also be a symptom of a urinary or reproductive tract disorder.

When your cat has discharge and you don’t know what to do and are looking for advice on the Internet on forums, we recommend that you do not self-medicate or experiment on your beloved cat, because the consequences of your experiment may disappoint you and your family.

Call us at any number from the contacts section and receive free consultation or arrange a doctor’s home call at the nearest time convenient for you.

What are the causes of discharge in a cat?
Vaginal discharge is normal immediately after birth period. Over the next few days, the discharge appears dark green until discharge Brown. In such cases, discharge may persist for up to 3 weeks.

Vaginal discharge is normal symptom an untouched bitch is in heat. Bloody discharge occurs for several days when the cat is in heat;
Vaginal discharge is also considered normal directly in postpartum period. The discharge is often present for several days. Color ranges from dark green to black. Traces of discharge can persist for up to 3 weeks;
After birth, when the placenta does not leave, the cat may experience constant watery and sometimes bloody discharge. This type of discharge is abnormal;
Any discharge that occurs during pregnancy is potentially dangerous;
Urogenital infections such as infections urinary tract or infections of the cat's uterus (), may lead to discharge Pink colour or which will have an opaque color (purulent);
Neoplasia (cancer) of the urogenital tract can cause bloody or purulent discharge in a cat from the vagina;
Vaginitis (inflammation of the vagina) can lead to watery or mucous discharge;
A coagulation (blood clotting) disorder may result in abnormal bloody discharge that is difficult to distinguish from blood in the urine (hematuria);
Trauma or presence foreign body in the vagina can lead to bloody, watery or purulent discharge;
An abnormal position of the (ectopic) ureter or problems with the sphincter (the muscle that acts as a valve to open the bladder) can lead to pooling of urine in the vagina and secondary irritation and resulting persistent discharge;
Defects and fistulas between the rectum and vagina can result in the passage of watery feces from the vagina.

What other symptoms besides vaginal discharge can be observed?

Any type of vaginal discharge other than normal urine flow;
Excessive attraction of cats;
Excessive licking of the vagina;
The cat rubs its butt on the floor or rolls on the floor for a long time;
Increased urination and/or difficulty urinating;
Difficulty with bowel movements;
Lethargy, fever, increased thirst.

What diagnostics are needed?

It is important to obtain a complete medical history and conduct a thorough medical checkup.
Additional Research may include:

Complete blood count (CBC), biochemical profile and urinalysis;
Culture to exclude bacterial infections urinary tract;
Vaginal cytology;
Culture of vaginal discharge;
Abdominal X-ray (X-Ray) to evaluate the uterus and pelvis;
Ultrasound abdominal cavity;
Vaginoscopy;
Cytology and biopsy of any abnormal tissue in the vagina;
Serological tests for brucellosis and herpes;
Examination of the kidneys and ureters to identify any abnormalities;
Coagulation if bloody discharge associated with blood clotting problems.

What treatment is prescribed for discharge from the loop (vagina)?
No treatment required vaginal discharge which are considered normal. Additionally, vaginitis, which sometimes occurs in young puppies, often resolves spontaneously after the cat has been spayed or gone through her first heat.
Other causes of vaginal discharge in cats require specific treatment depending on the reason. Examples of such therapy may be:

Surgical removal of an infected uterus, foreign body, or uterine or vaginal tumor (pyometra);
Surgical correction of any birth defects ureter, vaginal or rectal walls;
Prescribing antibiotics to treat infections urinary tract, bacterial vaginitis, consequences of injury;
Corrective therapy for any bleeding disorder;
Chemotherapy for individual tumors vagina or external genitalia, for example, sexually transmitted diseases (lymphosarcoma, transitional cell carcinoma).

How to treat at home if a cat has discharge from a loop? Home care
Administer all prescribed medications as directed by your veterinarian. Observe your pet. If Clinical signs does not improve or worsens, contact your veterinarian immediately.

How to call a veterinarian at home? What questions will need to be answered?
In order to call a veterinarian, you need to:

Call the operator at the numbers specified in the Contacts section;
Tell what happened to the animal;
Provide the address (street, house, front door, floor) where the veterinarian will arrive;
Specify the date and time of the doctor’s arrival.

Call a veterinarian at home and he will definitely help you.
At home, as they say, even the walls heal.

In a cat, vaginal bleeding is not always bleeding. Normally, blood discharge can be in small quantities during estrus, pregnancy and after childbirth for up to 3 weeks. Otherwise, the blood indicates a pathology of the reproductive or urinary system. It is impossible to make a diagnosis on your own. If you notice symptoms, you should contact your veterinarian for qualified help.

Negative reasons for discharge

The causes of intrauterine bleeding in cats can be different.:

Inflammatory diseases, including endometritis, pyometra. The reproductive system of a pet includes the ovaries, uterus, vagina and external genitalia. They are manifested by the animal’s restlessness, the appearance of aggressiveness, and active licking of the external genitalia;
Damage to the uterus. Accompanied by copious bleeding. There are many blood vessels on the walls of this organ;
Oncological diseases of cats. Cancer cells inhibit general immunity, including genitourinary system. Danger is indicated by purulent bloody discharge with unpleasant smell. They are caused by the growth or destruction of a tumor;
Decaying placenta. It is possible that after birth, part of the placenta will remain inside. This leads to its decomposition. As a result, blood comes from the vagina. Exists Great chance surgical intervention.

Pyometra

A disease of cats that occurs when the level of progesterone in the blood increases. Leads to purulent inflammation uterus. Cats that have never given birth and are receiving antisex drugs to suppress estrus are susceptible.

The disease can be open or closed, depending on the open/closed cervix. Open option characterized by purulent or bloody discharge. It is easier for the cat to tolerate due to the fact that the discharge comes out through an open lumen in the cervix. With the closed version there is no discharge. Pus and blood accumulate in the uterus. And since at an early stage, closed pyometra is asymptomatic, this will lead to intoxication, rupture of the organ and death of the cat.

Symptoms of the disease:

deterioration of general condition;
lack of appetite, vomiting;
increase in abdominal volume;
active licking of the belly.

In most cases effective method The treatment is to remove the cat's uterus and ovaries. After surgery, a course of antibiotic treatment is carried out, as well as maintenance therapy. In some cases it is allowed drug therapy. However, it is worth considering that it can lead to temporary improvement with further relapse.

Endometritis

Inflammation of the uterine mucosa. The cause is genital infections. Animals walking on the street, young cats under 3 years of age, when using hormonal drugs for estrus, are at risk. unbalanced diet, difficult childbirth, and a hereditary tendency is also likely.

The disease is considered in acute or acquired form. Let's look at the symptoms. In the acquired form, symptoms are mild. The pet looks healthy in appearance, but often licks itself, so the cat’s blood from the uterus is not visible. The danger is that this form may become purulent. This is due to increased accumulation of secretions due to thickening of the uterine mucosa. The secretion is a favorable environment for the development of infections. Characterized by heavy discharge and an increase in body temperature. Urgent medical assistance is required.

Symptoms in acute form:

temperature increase;
loss of appetite;
copious discharge from the genital opening;
often arches his back and assumes a posture for urination;
abdominal enlargement;
the external genitalia are inflamed.

At an early stage, antibiotics are used and antimicrobials. At purulent form carry out sterilization. For increase protective forces the body is prescribed immunomodulators.

Symptoms of uterine bleeding

What symptoms indicate bleeding? With hidden bleeding, the cat becomes lethargic, inactive, and has an impaired appetite. There is severe shortness of breath and increased fatigue. The temperature on the skin of the paws is significantly lower than the body. The abdomen is dense, enlarged, the mucous membranes are pale. Symptoms increase gradually over a period of several days to several weeks.

The owner must not forget that when intrauterine bleeding Almost all of the blood remains in the organ cavity. And only in isolated cases spots on the external genitalia. Such bleeding is very dangerous because it is detected too late.

If there is obvious bleeding in a cat, blood is released when coughing, vomiting appears, the stool becomes liquid with bloody streaks. Bloody discharge from the loop and blood in the urine are observed. It is important to consult a doctor immediately if you experience any of the symptoms listed above, or if blood is flowing more than 15 minutes and the cat has significant blood loss after it stops.

First aid when a cat is bleeding from the vagina prohibits any independent actions.

Diagnosis and treatment

Vaginal bleeding in cats is always dangerous to health. If you do not stop it in time, the cat may die.

Veterinarian for precise setting diagnosis applies following methods diagnostics:

general examination, palpation;
Ultrasound of the abdominal organs, abdominal radiograph;
cytology of discharge from the uterus;
histological examination of biopsy material;
vaginoscopy;
urine and blood tests (general, biochemical, coagulability);
sowing on nutrient media.

Depending on the cat's test results, the type of treatment prescribed will depend. It includes:

Antibiotic therapy for infectious diseases and inflammatory processes;
Surgical intervention for oncology and endometritis;
For major bleeding, a blood transfusion is given;
Antishock therapy;
Corrective therapy for bleeding disorders;
Chemotherapy to reduce the risk of relapse after surgery.

Only veterinarian prescribes treatment and selects necessary medications. Their use must strictly correspond to their intended purpose. Self-medication leads to irreversible consequences. After a successful course we recommend preventive examinations once a month

Poor health of a pet always worries its owners. For example, owners become very worried if they notice bloody discharge in cats. However, you should not panic when faced with such a phenomenon. It is necessary to understand what the symptom is associated with.

How dangerous is this?

Many owners believe that spotting in cats occurs due to pathologies of the urinary system. Indeed, the symptom may indicate inflammation or the formation of stones. Similar diseases often lead to fatal outcome. Therefore, if illness appears, it is important to show the animal to a veterinarian as quickly as possible. Often, bleeding in cats occurs due to improper diet.

Lack of iron and other foods important substances negatively affects the pet’s well-being, leading to deterioration and metabolic disorders. However, there are cases when such a symptom is the result natural changes occurring in the animal's body. But this does not mean that you need to independently draw conclusions about the reason for its appearance. To establish correct diagnosis you need to consult a veterinarian.

Normal changes that occur in the body

In some cases, bloody discharge is observed in a cat for reasons related to natural processes. Such circumstances do not pose a threat to the health of the animal. Such changes include the following:

Estrus. This process is accompanied by an increase in the pet’s activity. The female often arches her back, rolls around on the floor, and becomes playful. An absolutely normal occurrence during estrus is the presence of bloody discharge at the cat. After this period ends (as a rule, this happens after a few days), the symptom disappears completely.

Bearing offspring. The presence of this sign in a pregnant female indicates a restructuring of the body and preparation for the birth of cubs. However, intense discharge indicates the development of serious pathological processes.

Dangerous diseases

There are situations when bleeding indicates serious illnesses. This symptom should not be ignored, as it can manifest itself under the influence of the following circumstances:

The process of decomposition of the placenta. After giving birth, a cat's bloody discharge, which has a liquid consistency, indicates that the remains of the placenta have not left the animal's body. Most likely, your pet will need surgical intervention.
Infectious processes, occurring in the genitals. Thick light red discharge often occur in females with pathologies of the urinary system and uterus.
Malignant neoplasms. The flow of blood and pus is characteristic feature cancerous tumors reproductive system. As a rule, with this pathology, the discharge has an unpleasant odor.
Inflammatory processes occurring in the genitals, for example, in the vagina. Such diseases are accompanied by difficulty urinating, aggression and anxiety. The cat licks often bottom part bodies. This symptom indicates that the animal is feeling severe discomfort.

Bleeding due to vaginitis

The disease represents inflammatory process in the vaginal area. Female with similar pathology attracts males. Therefore, many owners confuse vaginitis with estrus. In cats, bleeding with this disease is accompanied by frequent licking of the perineum and restlessness. If you suspect this disease, you should show the animal to a specialist as soon as possible.

A complication of vaginitis can be an inflammatory process in bladder, pyometra and pathology of the inner layer of the uterus.

Discharge from endometritis

This disease can be both acute and chronic course. The second form of the disease does not affect the pet’s well-being. The cat mates with males, but in most cases pregnancy does not occur. If fertilization does occur, the cubs often die in the womb or almost immediately after birth. An acute inflammatory process in the inner mucous membrane of the uterus is a serious illness. Bloody discharge in cats with this pathology is accompanied by loss of appetite and general weakness. If you do not provide the animal with timely medical care, it may die.

Presence of pus in the uterine cavity

This inflammatory process is called pyometra. There are several types of the disease. Sometimes fluid or blood accumulates inside the organ. If the disease occurs in open form, these substances exit the genital tract. With a closed type of pathology, there is pus in the uterine cavity. This leads to the development acute inflammation peritoneum, rupture of organ tissue.

Symptom during pregnancy and after childbirth

Excessive bleeding in cats during pregnancy, which is bright red or light in color and lasts more than 10 minutes, indicates damage to the uterus. In this case, you need to contact a specialist as soon as possible. Also, one should not ignore the appearance brown liquid at 8-9 weeks of gestation.

The animal should be shown to a doctor. The clinic conducts lab tests. The veterinarian carries out ultrasonography for the presence of dead fetuses and makes a decision about therapy.

Not always similar phenomenon means the presence of pathology. For example, after fertilization, you may notice pink fluid flowing from the animal's genital tract. Before the birth process begins, the discharge of dark blood is also considered quite normal. This symptom cannot be ignored when the kittens have already been born.

In this situation, it may indicate mechanical damage uterine tissue. Injuries often occur during the delivery process. To eliminate this problem, drugs that stop bleeding are used. In severe cases, surgical intervention is necessary. Sometimes a female who has recently given birth becomes infected in her genitals as a result of violation of sanitation rules. In this case, the cat experiences bleeding and pus. To prevent infection, it is important to keep the area where the mother and her babies are kept clean.

Symptoms appear after sterilization

Typically, such an operation assumes the absence of estrus. However, spotting in a sterilized cat and sexual activity are sometimes observed, which indicates following states:

Neoplasms in the adrenal or mammary glands.
The presence of cysts in the uterine area.
Gradual cessation hormone activity. These substances may remain in the animal’s blood for some time after surgery. As a rule, after 8 weeks this period ends.
The presence of gonadal tissue cells in other organs.

Presence of stones in the urinary system

This pathology is often found among domestic animals.

Most often it affects males. However, sometimes stones in the organs of the urinary system are found in females. Exact reasons The formation of stones has not yet been identified. However, experts say that abuse of dry food, deficiency of vitamin A and fluid in the diet, excess weight, gastrointestinal diseases and poor heredity can provoke the disease. Stones are one of the possible explanations why your cat is bleeding.

How can you tell if an animal is unhealthy?

The phenomenon discussed in the article does not always indicate the presence of pathology. However, the presence of the disease may be indicated by such associated symptoms:

Reducing the pet's activity.
Cat's refusal to eat.
Frequent, infrequent or difficult urine output.
Licking the perineal area.
Heat.
Increased heart rate, breathing problems.

If such signs occur, you urgently need to show the animal to a specialist who will carry out necessary diagnostics. Examination using ultrasound and x-rays, laboratory tests of biological material will help determine what is causing the appearance of bloody discharge. If you consult a doctor in a timely manner, your pet can usually be cured.