UFO general physiotherapy. UV "Sun": instructions for use

Not everyone modern methods treatments are associated with the use medical supplies. So, in an innovative and forward-looking way complex impact on the human body is photohemotherapy - ultraviolet irradiation of blood. To date, the method has not been sufficiently studied, but its speed and effectiveness have been proven. Exposure to ultraviolet light has a long-term effect and is recommended for many diseases.

We will talk about the essence of the technique, its strengths and weaknesses.

UVB of blood - what is it?

Ultraviolet purification is based on the ability of the light flux to adjust the composition of the blood at the cellular level.

During the procedure, the following changes occur in the blood:

• The amount of hemoglobin increases;
• Pathogenic bacteria and viruses die;
• Are improving antioxidant properties blood;
• Metabolic processes are activated;
• The acid-base balance is restored.

Thus, there is a comprehensive normalization of blood levels shaped elements and chemical compounds. These changes help strengthen the immune system, improve tissue nutrition, reduce blood viscosity, and therefore restore microcirculation and resolve blood clots. UV irradiation is often used in medicine to enhance the effect of classical drugs.

How is UFO done?

The procedure is carried out in a specially equipped sterile room.

The device can be used to influence the patient’s blood:

The technique for placing a needle in the first case or a light guide in the second is no different from placing a dropper.

It includes the following steps:

• Treating the skin with a disinfectant solution;
• Penetration of the skin and vessel wall with a disposable sterile needle (light guide);
• Fixing the element near the installation site.

A standard UFO course includes 8-12 sessions lasting about 1 hour each. During the course, the patient is recommended to carefully monitor the daily routine, eat well, without limiting yourself in carbohydrates and glucose, and also refrain from bad habits and stress. Side effects The procedure is extremely rare, but when individual intolerance slight local redness is possible.

Indications and contraindications for doctors

The main indications for the use of ultraviolet blood irradiation are:

• Intoxication when harmful substances enter the body;
• Diseases of the respiratory system associated with inflammatory processes or allergic reactions;
• Diseases of the cardiovascular system ( ischemic disease, arterial thrombosis, hypoxia, spasms, thrombophlebitis, atherosclerosis, etc.);
• Diseases digestive system, Firstly - chronic gastritis, stomach and intestinal ulcers;
• Violation of hormone generation, if caused by diabetes mellitus, obesity or other complications;
• Arthritis, arthrosis and other joint diseases;
• Infertility, sometimes impotence and pathological menopause;
• Dermatitis and some sexually transmitted diseases (UVR is especially effective for herpes, skin rashes, chlamydia).

In some cases, the method is recommended to relieve symptoms of intoxication during pregnancy, as well as to prevent possible complications. Despite the wide possibilities of the procedure, in some diseases the result can be questionable, and sometimes even contribute to the development of complications.

Therefore, ultraviolet therapy is strictly contraindicated in the following cases:

• The patient has HIV, syphilis, tuberculosis;
• The presence of malignant tumors;
• Blood clotting disorder;
• Post-stroke period;
• Mental disorders;
• Epilepsy.

A special case in which you should refrain from ultraviolet radiation is the use of drugs that increase sensitivity to ultraviolet radiation. There are no age-related contraindications for the procedure.

Mechanism therapeutic effects

When ultraviolet radiation quanta are absorbed in the skin, the following photochemical and photobiological reactions occur:

Destruction of protein molecules;

Formation of more complex molecules or molecules with new physicochemical properties;

Formation of bioradicals.

The severity of these reactions with the manifestation of subsequent therapeutic effects are determined ultraviolet radiation spectrum. Based on wavelength, ultraviolet irradiation is divided into long-, medium- And shortwave. From the standpoint of practical physiotherapy, it is important to distinguish the zone of long-wave ultraviolet rays (DUV) and the zone of short-wave ultraviolet rays (SWUV). DUV and AF radiation are combined with medium wave radiation, which is not specially distinguished.

There are local and general effects of UV rays.

Local the effect manifests itself in the skin (UV rays penetrate no further than 1 mm). It is noteworthy that UV rays do not have a thermal effect. Externally, their effect is manifested by redness of the irradiation site (with short-wave irradiation after 1.5-2 hours, with long-wave irradiation after 4-6 hours), the skin becomes swollen and even painful, its temperature rises, and redness lasts for several days.

With repeated exposure to the same area of ​​skin, adaptation reactions develop, which is externally manifested by thickening of the stratum corneum and deposition of melanin pigment. This, in its own way, is a protective-adaptive reaction to UV rays. The pigment is formed under the influence of DUV rays, which are also characterized immunostimulating effect.

The rays of the KUF zone have a powerful bactericidal effect . KUV rays are absorbed primarily by proteins contained in the cell nucleus, while DUV rays are absorbed by protoplasmic proteins. With sufficiently intense and prolonged exposure, destruction of the protein structure occurs, and as a consequence of this, the death of epidermal cells with the development of aseptic inflammation. The destroyed protein is broken down by proteolytic enzymes, biologically active substances are formed: histamine, serotonin, acetylcholine and others, and the processes of lipid peroxidation are enhanced.

UV rays stimulate cell division activity in the skin, as a result, wound healing processes are accelerated and the formation of connective tissue is activated. In this regard, they are used to treat slow-healing wounds and ulcers. Neutrophil and macrophage cells are activated, which increases the skin's resistance to infection and is used for treatment and prevention inflammatory lesions skin.

Under the influence of erythemal doses of UV rays, the sensitivity of the nerve receptors of the skin decreases, therefore UV rays are also used for reduction pain syndrome .

General action depending on the dosage, it has humoral, neuro-reflex and vitamin-forming effects.

The general neuro-reflex effect of UV rays is associated with irritation of the extensive receptor apparatus of the skin. The overall effect of UV rays is caused by absorption and entry into the bloodstream biologically active substances, formed in the skin and stimulation of immunobiological processes. As a result of regular general exposure, strengthening local defensive reactions . Influence at endocrine glands is implemented not only by humoral mechanism, but also through reflex effects on the hypothalamus.

Vitamin-forming effect UV rays stimulate the synthesis of vitamin D under the influence of UV rays.

Ultraviolet irradiation also has desensitizing effect, normalizes blood clotting processes, improves lipid (fat) metabolism. Functions improve under the influence of ultraviolet rays external respiration, the activity of the adrenal cortex increases, the supply of oxygen to the myocardium increases, and its contractility increases.

Therapeutic effect: analgesic, anti-inflammatory, desensitizing, immunostimulating, restorative.

Diseases:

Suberythemal and erythemal doses of ultraviolet radiation are used in the treatment of diseases such as acute neuritis, acute myositis, bedsores, pustular skin diseases, erysipelas, trophic ulcers, slow-healing wounds, inflammatory and post-traumatic diseases of the joints, bronchial asthma, sharp and Chronical bronchitis, spicy respiratory diseases, chronic tonsillitis, inflammation of the uterine appendages. Also for improvement recovery processes- for bone fractures, normalization of phosphorus-calcium metabolism

Short-wave ultraviolet irradiation is used for acute and subacute diseases of the skin, nasopharynx, inner ear, respiratory diseases, for treatment inflammatory diseases skin and wounds, skin tuberculosis, prevention and treatment of rickets in children, pregnant and lactating women, as well as for air disinfection.

Local UV irradiation skin shown:

in therapy - for the treatment of arthritis of various etiologies, inflammatory diseases of the respiratory system, bronchial asthma;

in surgery - for the treatment of purulent wounds and ulcers, bedsores, burns and frostbite, infiltrates, purulent inflammatory skin lesions and subcutaneous tissue, mastitis, osteomyelitis, erysipelas, initial stages obliterating lesions of the vessels of the extremities;

in neurology - for the treatment of acute pain syndrome in peripheral pathology nervous system, consequences of craniocerebral and spinal injuries, polyradiculoneuritis, multiple sclerosis, parkinsonism, hypertension syndrome, causalgic and phantom pain;

in dentistry - for treatment aphthous stomatitis, periodontal disease, gingivitis, infiltrates after tooth extraction;

in gynecology - in complex treatment acute and subacute inflammatory processes, with cracked nipples;

in pediatrics - for the treatment of mastitis in newborns, weeping navel, limited forms of staphyloderma and exudative diathesis, atopy, pneumonia;

in dermatology - in the treatment of psoriasis, eczema, pyoderma, herpes zoster, etc.

ENT - for the treatment of rhinitis, tonsillitis, sinusitis, otitis, peritonsillar abscesses;

in gynecology - for the treatment of colpitis, cervical erosion.

Contraindications to UV irradiation:

Irradiation should not be carried out when elevated temperature bodies. Main contraindications to the procedure: malignant neoplasms, tendency to bleeding, active pulmonary tuberculosis, kidney disease, neurasthenia, thyrotoxicosis, photosensitivity (photodermatoes), cachexia, systemic lupus erythematosus, circulatory failure of II-III degree, hypertonic disease Stage III, malaria, Addison's disease, blood diseases. If during the procedure or after its completion there appear headache, nervous irritation, dizziness and other unpleasant symptoms, you must stop treatment and consult a doctor. If a quartz lamp is used to disinfect premises, then at the time of quartzing there should be no people or animals in it.

Quartzization

Using ultraviolet light, the room is disinfected. Can be carried out quartzing the room, That is effective method fight and prevent various diseases. Quartz lamps are used in medical institutions, preschool institutions and at home. You can irradiate a room, children's toys, dishes, and other household items, which helps in the fight against morbidity during periods of exacerbation of infectious diseases.

Before using a quartz lamp at home, you should definitely consult your doctor about contraindications and appropriate dosage, since there are certain conditions for using special equipment. Ultraviolet rays are biologically active and can cause serious harm if used improperly. The sensitivity of the skin to UV radiation varies among people and depends on many factors: age, skin type and its qualities, general condition body and even the time of year.

There are two main rules for using a quartz lamp: Be sure to wear safety glasses to prevent eye burns and do not exceed the recommended exposure time. Safety glasses are usually included with the UV irradiation machine.

Conditions for using a quartz lamp:

Areas of skin that are not irradiated should be covered with a towel;

Before the procedure, it is necessary to let the device work for 5 minutes, during which time a stable operating mode is established;

The device must be located at a distance of half a meter from the irradiated skin area;

The duration of irradiation increases gradually - from 30 seconds to 3 minutes;

One area can be irradiated no more than 5 times, no more than once a day;

At the end of the procedure, the quartz lamp must be turned off; a new session can be carried out 15 minutes after it has cooled;

The lamp is not used for tanning;

Animals and domestic plants should not enter the irradiation zone;

Turning the irradiator on and off must be done wearing light-protective glasses.

Some treatment methods:

ARVI:

In order to prevent viral diseases, the mucous membrane of the nose and the back wall of the pharynx are irradiated through tubes. Procedures are carried out daily for 1 minute for adults (0.5 minutes for children), for one week.

Acute respiratory diseases, pneumonia, bronchitis, bronchial asthma:

Thus, irradiation of the chest for pneumonia is carried out over 5 fields using a perforated localizer. First and second fields: half of the back surface of the chest - right or left, upper or lower. The patient's position is lying on his stomach. Third and fourth fields: side surfaces chest. The patient's position is lying on the opposite side, with his arm thrown behind his head. Fifth field: the anterior surface of the chest on the right, with the patient lying on his back. Irradiation time is from 3 to 5 minutes per field. One field is irradiated on one day. Irradiation is carried out daily, each field is irradiated 2-3 times.

To make a perforated localizer, you need to use a medical oilcloth measuring 40*40cm and perforate it with 1.0-1.5 cm holes. At the same time, you can irradiate the plantar surfaces of the feet from a distance of 10 cm for 10 minutes.

Acute rhinitis:

IN initial period diseases are treated with ultraviolet irradiation of the plantar surfaces of the feet. Distance 10cm for 10 minutes, 3-4 days.

UV irradiation of the mucous membrane of the nose and pharynx is carried out using a tube. Dose from 30 seconds with daily gradual increase to 3 minutes. The course of irradiation is 5-6 procedures.

Acute tubo-otitis:

Irradiation is carried out through a 5mm tube of the outer area ear canal within 3 minutes, the course of irradiation is 5-6 procedures.

Acute pharyngitis, laryngotracheitis:

UV irradiation of the anterior surface of the chest, trachea, and posterior surface of the neck is performed. Dose from a distance of 10 cm for 5-8 minutes; as well as ultraviolet radiation of the posterior pharyngeal wall using a tube. During the procedure, you must pronounce the sound “a-a-a-a”. Dose 1 min. The duration of irradiation increases every 2 days to 3-5 minutes. A course of 5-6 procedures.

Chronic tonsillitis:

Ural Federal District palatine tonsils performed through a tube with an annular cut. The procedure is performed with wide open mouth and the tongue pressed to the bottom, while the tonsils should be clearly visible. The irradiator tube, with a cut towards the tonsil, is inserted into the oral cavity at a distance of 2-3 cm from the surface of the teeth. The UV ray is directed strictly at one tonsil. During the procedure, you must pronounce the sound “a-a-a-a”. After irradiation of one tonsil, the second is irradiated. Start with 1 minute after 1-2 days, then 3 minutes. The course of treatment is 10-12 procedures.

Chronic periodontal disease, acute periodontitis:

UV irradiation of the gum mucosa is carried out through a tube with a diameter of 15 mm. In the irradiation zone, the lip and tongue are moved to the side with a spatula or spoon so that the beam falls on the mucous membrane of the gums. By slowly moving the tube, all mucous membranes of the gums of the upper and lower jaw. The duration of irradiation during one procedure is 10-15 minutes. The course of irradiation is 6-8 procedures.

Acne vulgaris:

UFO is carried out in turn: the first day is the face, the second day is the front surface of the chest, the third is the scapular area of ​​the back. The cycle is repeated 8-10 times. Irradiation is carried out from a distance of 10-15 cm, the duration of irradiation is 10-15 minutes.

Purulent wounds:

After cleansing purulent wound from necrotic tissue and purulent plaque, to stimulate wound healing, UV irradiation is prescribed immediately after treating the wound. Irradiation is carried out from a distance of 10 cm, time 2-3 minutes, duration 2-3 days.

Furuncle, carbuncle, abscess:

UFO continues before and after independent or surgical opening of the abscess. Irradiation is performed from a distance of 10 cm, duration is 10-12 procedures. The course of treatment is 10-12 procedures.

Proper use of the procedure will help cure acute and chronic processes, improve your general condition and help achieve maximum effect in treatment.

Action

What is UV therapy? This is a technique that allows you to treat foci of the inflammatory process using ultraviolet radiation. The manipulation is completely painless; it increases blood flow in injured areas and ensures an active supply of leukocytes to relieve inflammation.

This technique has been found wide application in the treatment of ENT pathologies, since it allows you to regulate the length of the waves and the depth of their action. With short and shallow penetration it can have a bactericidal and antiviral effect. Average depth (from 280 nm) helps to activate the work of vitamins and improve the activity of immune processes in the body. Long-wave irradiation can form pigments and stimulate the immune system.

In the treatment of ENT pathologies, the method has the following effects:

• Relieves inflammatory processes.
• Works as a pain reliever.
• Improves or activates regeneration processes at the cellular level, thereby accelerating healing processes.
• Bactericidal. Destroys microorganisms on the surface of wound areas or in inflammatory areas.
• Improves and restores metabolic processes.

This physiotherapy procedure is often prescribed to small children as a preventive or therapeutic purposes with a lack of vitamin D. Due to its lack, rickets can develop, and when exposed to ultraviolet radiation, the vitamin is actively synthesized, preventing the disease from developing.

Indications for use

UV therapy should not be used without apparent reason or without a prescription. Only if pathological processes occur in the ENT organs, after examination and diagnosis accurate diagnosis, the doctor can make an appointment.

Apply irradiation ultraviolet rays recommended for:

• Acute and chronic tonsillitis.
• Treatment and prevention of bronchitis.
• Sinusitis and sinusitis.
• Enlarged adenoids in children.
• Rhinitis.
• Therapy for ear diseases.
• Pharyngitis.

In some cases, doctors prescribe UVB therapy to stimulate or restore active work immune system, and also as a prophylactic against respiratory viral infections.

Before starting the procedure, you should accurately establish the diagnosis, as there are a number of contraindications that can cause complications.

Contraindications for use

To restore the cell, its regeneration and protective functions In case of injuries or infections, it is recommended to use UV physiotherapy. But despite the effectiveness this method treatment, there are contraindications to its use:

• Any stage of oncology development.
• Autoimmune processes that are accompanied by sensitivity to ultraviolet radiation, for example, lupus.
• Acute purulent inflammatory processes.
• Excessive fragility of blood vessels and frequent bleeding.
• Stomach ulcer, tuberculosis and arterial hypertension.

While carrying a baby or breastfeeding, physiotherapy can only be performed with the permission of the attending physician. The appointment is performed in case of inflammation of the nasal or oral mucosa.

Therapy using ultraviolet irradiation in the correct dosages and at the right approach – indispensable assistant, effective remedy in the fight against ENT pathologies.

ENT diseases and ultraviolet treatment

If there are ENT pathologies, the doctor may prescribe radiation in the following cases:

• ARVI. For the purpose of prevention or treatment of respiratory viral infections, daily dosed irradiation of the posterior wall of the nasopharynx and nasal mucosa is carried out. For adults, one minute is enough, for children half a minute.
• For bronchitis, pneumonia and asthma. To carry out irradiation and eliminate foci of inflammation, it is necessary to “treat” 5 fields of the chest. When irradiating zones 1 and 2, the patient lies on his stomach, the manipulation is carried out over half of the posterior surface of the sternum (either side) or where the inflammatory process is located. When treating the lateral surfaces of the chest, the patient takes a “lying on his side” position with his arm thrown behind his head; this is considered the third and fourth area for irradiation. The fifth zone is located on the front side of the sternum on the right side, in this case the patient should lie on his back. It is necessary to irradiate each zone separately. In one day, you can perform only one procedure on one of the selected areas. The physiotherapy procedure takes about 5 minutes, each area should be treated 2-3 times.
• Acute rhinitis, pharyngitis and laryngotracheitis. For a runny nose, irradiation is performed at the initial stage bottom surface stop for 4 days for 10 minutes. Also, using a special tube, UV irradiation of the mucous surfaces of the nose and pharynx is carried out starting from 30 seconds to a couple of minutes for 5 days. For pharyngitis and laryngotracheitis, ultraviolet radiation is used on the anterior surface of the chest, trachea and posterior surface of the neck. Good impact have rays to the back wall of the pharynx (using a tube). The manipulation takes no more than 10 minutes, therapy is carried out for one week.
• Chronic tonsillitis. For inflammation of the tonsils, use a special tube with a cut ring. It is necessary to open your mouth wide and press your tongue to the bottom as much as possible; the cut side of the tube is directed directly to the affected tonsils. The impact should be alternated on each side for 2–3 minutes. The course of therapy is from a week to 10 days.

The possibilities of physiotherapy are enormous and, with the right approach, provide maximum positive effect on the body and affected areas, destroying pathogenic microorganisms, improving metabolic processes, accelerating healing and cell regeneration.

Features of the event

In order for the treatment to be correct and not harm the general condition of the patient, you should go to a medical institution where you will be provided with proper care using special equipment. However, there are also portable devices that can be used independently at home.

Step-by-step implementation of the physiotherapy technique:

• To irradiate one of the selected zones, it is necessary to select the correct tube. There are several types of them, depending on the area that needs to be treated.
• Before use, the device must be turned on and warmed up.
• The session begins with 30 seconds and gradually increases the time limits to the period specified by the doctor.
• After completing the manipulation, the lamp must be turned off.
• The patient should rest for half an hour.

The duration of the manipulation, the length of ultrasound penetration, the course of therapy - all this is prescribed and selected by the attending physician immediately after making an accurate diagnosis. Self-medication is very dangerous, especially at home.

UV physiotherapy, indications and contraindications, benefits and harms

Thus, short-wave ultraviolet radiation (nm) has bactericidal, mycocidal and antiviral effects, which, however, depend on several circumstances. Short ultraviolet rays (approximately 254 nm) have special sanitizing properties; they are absorbed by nucleic acids, proteins and DNA. The pathogens die from lethal mutations and lose their ability to reproduce and grow. Ultraviolet irradiation leads to the destruction of a number of toxins, such as diphtheria, tetanus and dysentery, and also destroys pathogens typhoid fever and staphylococcus.

Thus, short-wave ultraviolet radiation helps patients suffering from acute and subacute inflammatory diseases of the skin and nasopharynx (both nose and tonsils). This effect is indicated for inflammation of the inner ear, in the presence of wounds that may suffer from attachment anaerobic infection, and for skin tuberculosis.

Methods and techniques for conducting UFO procedures

In medical practice, there are 2 main groups of ultraviolet radiation - general and local.

With general ultraviolet irradiation, the front and back surfaces of the human torso and limbs are exposed, and the slow scheme is used for weakened patients with low nutrition and weakened reactivity, and the accelerated scheme is used for healthy people.

The main group-scheme of ultraviolet radiation is used for patients with fairly good body reactivity or healthy people for the prevention of influenza, skin diseases, and in some cases - for pregnant women.

With a slow scheme, ultraviolet radiation begins with 1/8 biodose, gradually increasing to 2.5 biodose with repeated procedures. In this case, ultraviolet irradiation procedures are usually carried out daily, and from 26 to 28 procedures are prescribed for the entire course of treatment.

According to the basic scheme of the general UV procedure, they start with 1/4 biodoses and increase to a maximum of 3 biodoses. For the entire course of treatment, 16 to 20 ultraviolet irradiation procedures are prescribed, carried out every other day or daily.

The accelerated scheme of general ultraviolet irradiation begins with 1/2 biodoses and is increased to 4 biodoses; it is used practically healthy people or young people with good reactivity to bone fractures. If necessary repeat course UFO procedures, the interval between them must be at least 2 months.

When carrying out local ultraviolet irradiation procedures on the skin in the area of ​​the pathological focus, erythemal doses are most often used, which are divided into small - ranging from 1 to 2 biodoses, medium intensity - from 3 to 4 biodoses, high intensity - over 8 biodoses.

In turn, the general Ural Federal District is divided into 3 subgroups-schemes:

When performing one procedure, an area of ​​the skin in the area of ​​the pathological focus with an area of ​​no more than 600 cm 2 can be irradiated with erythemal ultraviolet irradiation. As shown by many years medical practice UV irradiation, when intense erythema occurs on large areas skin, patients experience such phenomena as increased body temperature, headache, nervous and muscle fatigue (the same phenomena are observed with prolonged exposure to the human body sun rays in clear weather in summer). Repeated ultraviolet irradiation in certain biodoses when affecting the same area of ​​the skin is carried out, as a rule, 1-3 days after the first procedure, when the resulting erythema begins to weaken. The same area of ​​the skin in the area of ​​the pathological focus cannot be irradiated with erythemal doses of UV irradiation more than 3-4 times due to the fact that with repeated UV irradiation procedures in the same area, the sensitivity of the skin decreases. But in some cases intensive care UV irradiation of mucous membranes and wound areas, procedures are carried out in the same place many times - from 10 to 15 procedures or more (in the absence of unforeseen complications).

Erythemal UV irradiation is carried out when:

Impact on the lesion in the form of wounds, boils, areas of erysipelas, etc.;

Field irradiation in the treatment of pneumonia, bronchitis, bronchial asthma, radiculitis, intercostal neuralgia and other diseases. In this case, the area of ​​the pathological focus to be irradiated is divided into several small areas (from 50 to 200 cm 2), and one or two areas are irradiated in one procedure;

Irradiation reflexogenic zones: erythemal ultraviolet irradiation procedures are carried out in zones: collar, panty, segment areas spinal cord. Erythemal ultraviolet irradiation of the collar zone is usually carried out in the presence of sluggish inflammatory processes of the brain, its membranes, face, as well as in vascular disorders of the upper extremities, and some diseases of the chest organs. For carrying out erythemal ultraviolet irradiation of the pelvic organs, in case of violations peripheral circulation V lower limbs impact on areas of the skin corresponding to the lumbosacral segments and the anterior surface of the thighs;

Fractional erythemal ultraviolet radiation. This method of treating pathological lesions involves the use of a perforated localizer made of medical oilcloth measuring 40x40 cm, in which 160 to 190 holes with a diameter of 2 cm are cut out. When carrying out erythemal ultraviolet irradiation procedures, such an oilcloth with holes is applied to the area of ​​the skin in the area of ​​the pathological focus . This type of erythemal ultraviolet radiation is used, in particular, for certain lung diseases, especially when carrying out procedures in children's medical institutions (for bronchopneumonia, bronchial asthma and other diseases). The skin of children is more sensitive to the effects of any type of ultraviolet radiation, which is why biodose is performed in shorter procedures than in adults; therefore, when determining the biodose, it is recommended to open each window of the biodosimeter after 15-30 s.

When conducting general UFO maximum dosage the impact on pathological foci in children under 2 years of age is no more than 2 biodoses, and in older children - no more than 3 biodoses. The area of ​​the resulting pathological foci during local ultraviolet irradiation procedures for children under three years of age should not exceed 60-80 cm2, at 5-7 years of age - from 150 to 200 cm2, and for older children - 300 cm2.

To induce erythema with appropriate ultraviolet radiation, the first effects on pathological foci (or lesions) should not exceed 1.5-2 biodoses. When carrying out repeated UV irradiation procedures, the dose of exposure to certain lesions is increased by 0.5-1 biodose (for children).

Indications. General UFOs apply:

For the prevention of solar deficiency (vitaminosis and hypovitaminosis of vitamin D in adults, pregnant women and children;

In the treatment of rickets in children;

To increase the overall resistance of the body of an adult or child.

Local ultraviolet radiation (erythemotherapy) is most often used for diseases internal organs, such as: pneumonia, bronchitis, gastritis, rheumatism, tonsillitis, tonsillitis, bronchial asthma, myositis, myalgia, radiculitis.

General and local ultraviolet radiation is widely used in surgery (after wound surgery, for erysipelas), in traumatology (for bruises, infected wounds, fractures), in dermatology (for psoriasis, pyoderma, eczema, etc.). UV irradiation is an effective method in the treatment and prevention of influenza and many infectious diseases(in particular, scarlet fever, whooping cough).

Contraindications for UFO:

Tendency to bleeding;

Active pulmonary tuberculosis;

Circulatory insufficiency of I-II degree;

Note. In the 1990s. A special method of light therapy has been developed - laser therapy using small-sized quantum generators - lasers, in which the laser beam has enormous power, which creates various possibilities for its use in intensive therapy. Laser light is characterized by coherence, i.e. consists of waves of the same frequency that move and reinforce each other, resulting in the formation of a straight, narrow, far-travelling beam of light. The laser light beam concentrates thermal energy of significant power. Any substance (including bones and metal) encountered in the path of the laser beam is instantly vaporized.

In these years, attempts were made to treat pathological lesions such as precancerous skin tumors with a laser beam. In this case, the laser installation was tuned to a frequency at which its beam was absorbed by dark tissue and reflected by light tissue. Malignant tumors on human skin they often have dark color, otherwise they may be artificially colored (dark) to ensure maximum absorption of laser light.

Since 2000, laser surgery has begun to actively develop, in particular in the treatment of certain eye diseases, such as myopia, farsightedness, and astigmatism. Whole line Damage to the retina is currently eliminated with a laser beam of a certain power.

In addition, the laser beam is used to eliminate pain impulses (for example, for pain due to damage to peripheral nerves).

Treatment of certain diseases with light laser beam has now reached great perfection and is carried out even at molecular level, which other methods of light therapy are unable to achieve.

Examples of prescriptions for UFO procedures

1. Lumbosacral radiculitis. UV-procedures of the lumbosacral zone and along the sciatic nerve, 1-2 fields per day, starting with 3-4 biodoses daily. During UVR procedures, each field is affected twice.

2. Tonsillitis. The procedures begin with one biodose, then add from 1/2 to 1 biodose during repeated irradiations, with a maximum of no more than three biodoses per tonsil, daily. For the entire course of treatment, 10 to 12 procedures are prescribed.

3. Erysipelas of the right leg. Ultraviolet irradiation procedures for the right shin, exposure to four fields (anterior, posterior and 2nd lateral), with simultaneous coverage with exposure from 5 to 7 cm healthy skin around the pathological focus, start with four biodoses and increase to 10 (adding two biodoses with each subsequent procedure). For the entire course of treatment, 4 to 5 procedures are prescribed with ultraviolet irradiation every other day.

Ultraviolet irradiation (part 2). Mechanism of action.

Mechanism of therapeutic effects

When ultraviolet radiation quanta are absorbed in the skin, the following photochemical and photobiological reactions occur:

Destruction of protein molecules;

Formation of more complex molecules or molecules with new physicochemical properties;

The severity of these reactions with the manifestation of subsequent therapeutic effects is determined by the spectrum of ultraviolet radiation. Based on wavelength, ultraviolet irradiation is divided into long, medium and short wave. From the standpoint of practical physiotherapy, it is important to distinguish the zone of long-wave ultraviolet rays (DUV) and the zone of short-wave ultraviolet rays (SWUV). DUV and AF radiation are combined with medium wave radiation, which is not specially distinguished.

There are local and general effects of UV rays.

The local effect manifests itself in the skin (UV rays penetrate no further than 1 mm). It is noteworthy that UV rays do not have a thermal effect. Externally, their effect is manifested by redness of the irradiation site (with short-wave irradiation after 1.5-2 hours, with long-wave irradiation after 4-6 hours), the skin becomes swollen and even painful, its temperature rises, and redness lasts for several days.

With repeated exposure to the same area of ​​skin, adaptation reactions develop, which is externally manifested by thickening of the stratum corneum of the skin and deposition of melanin pigment. This, in its own way, is a protective-adaptive reaction to UV rays. The pigment is formed under the influence of DUV rays, which are also characterized by an immunostimulating effect.

The rays of the KUF zone have a powerful bactericidal effect. KUV rays are absorbed primarily by proteins contained in the cell nucleus, while DUV rays are absorbed by protoplasmic proteins. With sufficiently intense and prolonged exposure, destruction of the protein structure occurs, and as a consequence of this, the death of epidermal cells with the development of aseptic inflammation. The destroyed protein is broken down by proteolytic enzymes, biologically active substances are formed: histamine, serotonin, acetylcholine and others, and the processes of lipid peroxidation are enhanced.

UV rays stimulate the activity of cell division in the skin, as a result, wound healing processes are accelerated and the formation of connective tissue is activated. In this regard, they are used to treat slow-healing wounds and ulcers. Neutrophil and macrophage cells are activated, which increases the skin's resistance to infection and is used to treat and prevent inflammatory skin lesions.

Under the influence of erythemal doses of UV rays, the sensitivity of the nerve receptors of the skin decreases, so UV rays are also used to reduce pain.

The general effect, depending on the dosage, consists of humoral, neuro-reflex and vitamin-forming effects.

The general neuro-reflex effect of UV rays is associated with irritation of the extensive receptor apparatus of the skin. The general effect of UV rays is caused by the absorption and entry into the bloodstream of biologically active substances formed in the skin and stimulation of immunobiological processes. As a result of regular general exposure, local protective reactions are strengthened. The effect on the endocrine glands is realized not only through the humoral mechanism, but also through reflex effects on the hypothalamus.

The vitamin-forming effect of UV rays is to stimulate the synthesis of vitamin D under the influence of UV rays.

Ultraviolet irradiation also has a desensitizing effect, normalizes blood clotting processes, and improves lipid (fat) metabolism. Under the influence of ultraviolet rays, the functions of external respiration improve, the activity of the adrenal cortex increases, the supply of oxygen to the myocardium increases, and its contractility increases.

Therapeutic effect: analgesic, anti-inflammatory, desensitizing, immunostimulating, restorative.

Suberythemal and erythemal doses of ultraviolet radiation are used in the treatment of diseases such as acute neuritis, acute myositis, bedsores, pustular skin diseases, erysipelas, trophic ulcers, sluggish wounds, inflammatory and post-traumatic diseases of the joints, bronchial asthma, acute and chronic bronchitis, acute respiratory diseases, chronic tonsillitis, inflammation of the uterine appendages. Also to improve recovery processes - for bone fractures, normalize phosphorus-calcium metabolism

Short-wave ultraviolet irradiation is used for acute and subacute diseases of the skin, nasopharynx, inner ear, respiratory diseases, for the treatment of inflammatory diseases of the skin and wounds, skin tuberculosis, prevention and treatment of rickets in children, pregnant and lactating women, as well as for air disinfection.

Local UV irradiation of the skin is indicated:

in therapy - for the treatment of arthritis of various etiologies, inflammatory diseases of the respiratory system, bronchial asthma;

in surgery - for the treatment of purulent wounds and ulcers, bedsores, burns and frostbite, infiltrates, purulent inflammatory lesions of the skin and subcutaneous tissue, mastitis, osteomyelitis, erysipelas, the initial stages of obliterating lesions of the vessels of the extremities;

in neurology - for the treatment of acute pain syndrome in pathology of the peripheral nervous system, consequences of traumatic brain and spinal injuries, polyradiculoneuritis, multiple sclerosis, parkinsonism, hypertension syndrome, causalgic and phantom pain;

in dentistry - for the treatment of aphthous stomatitis, periodontal disease, gingivitis, infiltrates after tooth extraction;

in gynecology - in the complex treatment of acute and subacute inflammatory processes, with cracked nipples;

in pediatrics - for the treatment of mastitis in newborns, weeping navel, limited forms of staphyloderma and exudative diathesis, atopy, pneumonia;

in dermatology - in the treatment of psoriasis, eczema, pyoderma, herpes zoster, etc.

ENT - for the treatment of rhinitis, tonsillitis, sinusitis, otitis, peritonsillar abscesses;

in gynecology - for the treatment of colpitis, cervical erosion.

Contraindications to UV irradiation:

Irradiation should not be carried out at elevated body temperatures. The main contraindications to the procedure: malignant neoplasms, tendency to bleeding, active pulmonary tuberculosis, kidney disease, neurasthenia, thyrotoxicosis, photosensitivity (photodermatoes), cachexia, systemic lupus erythematosus, circulatory failure stage II-III, stage III hypertension, malaria, Addison's disease , blood diseases. If headache, nervous irritation, dizziness and other unpleasant symptoms appear during the procedure or after it, you must stop treatment and consult a doctor. If a quartz lamp is used to disinfect premises, then at the time of quartzing there should be no people or animals in it.

Using ultraviolet light, the room is disinfected. You can quartz a room, which is an effective method of combating and preventing various diseases. Quartz lamps are used in medical institutions, preschool institutions and at home. You can irradiate a room, children's toys, dishes, and other household items, which helps in the fight against morbidity during periods of exacerbation of infectious diseases.

Before using a quartz lamp at home, you should definitely consult your doctor about contraindications and appropriate dosage, since there are certain conditions for using special equipment. Ultraviolet rays are biologically active and can cause serious harm if used improperly. The sensitivity of the skin to UV radiation varies among people and depends on many factors: age, skin type and its qualities, general condition of the body and even the time of year.

There are two basic rules for using a quartz lamp: you must wear safety glasses to prevent eye burns and do not exceed the recommended exposure time. Safety glasses are usually included with the UV irradiation machine.

Conditions for using a quartz lamp:

Areas of skin that are not irradiated should be covered with a towel;

Before the procedure, it is necessary to let the device work for 5 minutes, during which time a stable operating mode is established;

The device must be located at a distance of half a meter from the irradiated skin area;

The duration of irradiation increases gradually - from 30 seconds to 3 minutes;

One area can be irradiated no more than 5 times, no more than once a day;

At the end of the procedure, the quartz lamp must be turned off; a new session can be carried out 15 minutes after it has cooled;

The lamp is not used for tanning;

Animals and domestic plants should not enter the irradiation zone;

Turning the irradiator on and off must be done wearing light-protective glasses.

Some treatment methods:

In order to prevent viral diseases, the mucous membrane of the nose and the back wall of the pharynx are irradiated through tubes. Procedures are carried out daily for 1 minute for adults (0.5 minutes for children), for one week.

Acute respiratory diseases, pneumonia, bronchitis, bronchial asthma:

Thus, irradiation of the chest for pneumonia is carried out over 5 fields using a perforated localizer. First and second fields: half of the back surface of the chest - right or left, upper or lower. The patient's position is lying on his stomach. Third and fourth fields: lateral surfaces of the chest. The patient's position is lying on the opposite side, with his arm thrown behind his head. Fifth field: the anterior surface of the chest on the right, with the patient lying on his back. Irradiation time is from 3 to 5 minutes per field. One field is irradiated on one day. Irradiation is carried out daily, each field is irradiated 2-3 times.

To make a perforated localizer, you need to use a medical oilcloth measuring 40*40cm and perforate it with 1.0-1.5 cm holes. At the same time, you can irradiate the plantar surfaces of the feet from a distance of 10 cm for 10 minutes.

In the initial period of the disease, ultraviolet irradiation of the plantar surfaces of the feet is performed. Distance 10cm for 10 minutes, 3-4 days.

UV irradiation of the mucous membrane of the nose and pharynx is carried out using a tube. Dose from 30 seconds with daily gradual increase to 3 minutes. The course of irradiation is 5-6 procedures.

The area of ​​the external auditory canal is irradiated through a 5mm tube for 3 minutes, the course of irradiation is 5-6 procedures.

Acute pharyngitis, laryngotracheitis:

UV irradiation of the anterior surface of the chest, trachea, and posterior surface of the neck is performed. Dose from a distance of 10 cm for 5-8 minutes; as well as ultraviolet radiation of the posterior pharyngeal wall using a tube. During the procedure, you must pronounce the sound “a-a-a-a”. Dose 1 min. The duration of irradiation increases every 2 days to 3-5 minutes. A course of 5-6 procedures.

Ultraviolet radiation of the palatine tonsils is performed through a tube with a ring cut. The procedure is performed with the mouth wide open and the tongue pressed to the bottom, and the tonsils should be clearly visible. The irradiator tube, with a cut towards the tonsil, is inserted into the oral cavity at a distance of 2-3 cm from the surface of the teeth. The UV ray is directed strictly at one tonsil. During the procedure, you must pronounce the sound “a-a-a-a”. After irradiation of one tonsil, the second is irradiated. Start with 1 minute after 1-2 days, then 3 minutes. Course of treatment procedures.

Chronic periodontal disease, acute periodontitis:

UV irradiation of the gum mucosa is carried out through a tube with a diameter of 15 mm. In the irradiation zone, the lip and tongue are moved to the side with a spatula or spoon so that the beam falls on the mucous membrane of the gums. By slowly moving the tube, all mucous membranes of the gums of the upper and lower jaw are irradiated. Duration of irradiation during one procedure: min. The course of irradiation is 6-8 procedures.

UFO is carried out in turn: the first day is the face, the second day is the front surface of the chest, the third is the scapular area of ​​the back. The cycle is repeated 8-10 times. Irradiation is carried out from a distance of cm, the duration of irradiation is minutes.

After cleansing a purulent wound from necrotic tissue and purulent plaque, UV irradiation is prescribed to stimulate wound healing, immediately after treating the wound. Irradiation is carried out from a distance of 10 cm, time 2-3 minutes, duration 2-3 days.

UFO continues before and after independent or surgical opening of the abscess. Irradiation is carried out from a distance of 10 cm, duration of procedures. Course of treatment procedures.

UFO treatment

A (nm) - long-wave UV radiation (LUV)

V (nm) - mid-wave (SUV);

C - (nm) - short-wave (SWF).

UV radiation is dosed using the Gorbachev-Duckfeld biological method. The method is simple and is based on the property of UV rays to cause erythema when irradiating the skin. The unit of measurement in this method is one biodose. One biodose is taken to be the minimum time of irradiation of a given patient from a certain distance with a certain source of UV rays, which is necessary to obtain a weak, but clearly defined erythema. Time is measured in seconds or minutes.

General UFO is used for:

There are many treatment methods that are actively used by qualified doctors. Nowadays, not only medications help to cope with diseases, but also other methods of influence - diet, physical activity, medicinal herbs etc. Physiotherapy means are of particular interest. Ultraviolet irradiation (UVR) is one of them – exposure of the human body to ultraviolet rays of different wavelengths. Let's talk about what UV physiotherapy is, consider the indications and contraindications for its implementation, and consider what benefits and harms such a procedure can cause.

Ultraviolet radiation is electromagnetic radiation invisible to the eye, the wave range of which is 400-10 nm. Depending on the wavelength, such therapy can have different and varied effects, so there are quite a few indications for such treatment.

UV physiotherapy - benefits and harms

The benefits of ultraviolet irradiation physiotherapy

The properties of ultraviolet irradiation depend solely on the wavelength.
Thus, short-wave ultraviolet radiation (180-280 nm) has bactericidal, mycocidal and antiviral effects, which, however, depend on several circumstances. Short ultraviolet rays (approximately 254 nm) have special sanitizing properties; they are absorbed by nucleic acids, proteins and DNA. The pathogens die from lethal mutations and lose their ability to reproduce and grow. Ultraviolet irradiation leads to the destruction of a number of toxins, including diphtheria, tetanus and dysentery, and also destroys the causative agents of typhoid fever and staphylococcus.

At medium wavelengths (280-310 nm), UVR has a slightly different effect on the body. Such irradiation activates the synthesis of vitamins, stimulates tissue trophism and improves immunity by an order of magnitude. In addition, the average wavelength of ultraviolet exposure has a good anti-inflammatory effect, eliminates pain and has desensitizing properties.

As for long-wave ultraviolet radiation (320-400 nm), it affects the body in a slightly different way. This effect has pigment-forming, immunostimulating and photosensitizing qualities.

UV physiotherapy – harm of the procedure

UV therapy can only be carried out in doses. Excessive exposure to ultraviolet radiation can greatly harm your health. Ultraviolet radiation performed without consulting a doctor can also cause harm. In order for such procedures to be useful, the course of therapy must be carried out without interruption. In addition, it would be a good idea to consult with your doctor regarding antioxidant therapy, which will help soften hard energy influence Ural Federal District.

Indications for ultraviolet physiotherapy

Indications for ultraviolet irradiation also vary depending on the wavelength.
Thus, short-wave ultraviolet radiation helps patients suffering from acute and subacute inflammatory diseases of the skin and nasopharynx (both nose and tonsils). This effect is indicated for cases of wounds that may suffer from anaerobic infection, and for skin tuberculosis.

Exposure to medium-length ultraviolet rays will help cope with acute and subacute inflammatory ailments of internal organs (especially respiratory system). Such treatment is indicated for correcting the consequences of wounds and injuries of the musculoskeletal system, ailments of the peripheral nervous system, namely radiculitis, plexitis, neuralgia and myositis. In addition, medium-length ultraviolet rays help treat joint and bone diseases and help eliminate the deficiency of solar radiation. They can be used to treat secondary anemia, disorders metabolic processes and for .

Long-wave ultraviolet irradiation (300-400 nm) is often used to treat chronic inflammatory lesions of internal organs (especially the respiratory system). Such procedures are indicated for patients with diseases of the organs of support and movement. Long-wave ultraviolet irradiation sessions are indicated for burns, frostbite, and ulcers. They are recommended to be carried out with skin ailments– for psoriasis, eczema, vitiligo, seborrhea, etc.

UV physiotherapy – contraindications for use

There are quite a few factors that should be considered as a contraindication to UVB therapy. Such procedures are not indicated for people with hypersensitivity of the skin or mucous membranes to ultraviolet radiation. Exposure to mid-ultraviolet rays is not carried out if the patient has hyperthyroidism, hypersensitivity to exposure to ultraviolet radiation, chronic renal failure, malaria and systemic lupus erythematosus.

And long-wave treatment ultraviolet irradiation It is contraindicated for diseases of the kidneys and liver, in which their activity is significantly impaired, for hyperthyroidism, acute inflammatory processes and excessive sensitivity to the influence of long-wave ultraviolet rays.

Additional Information

So, for skin tuberculosis, it is worth mixing equal parts of stinging nettle, wild rosemary and horsetail, as well as sage leaves, marsh cudweed and thyme grass. Grind and mix all ingredients. Brew a tablespoon of the resulting mixture with a glass of just boiled water and leave in a fairly cool place for two hours. Strain the finished infusion and take it like tea - a glass three times a day. The duration of such therapy is two to three months.

For local treatment You can prepare an ointment based on immortelle. Chop one part of the plant and combine with four parts. Mix well and use several times a day.

You can cope with skin tuberculosis with the help of aloe-based medicine. Cut a few bottom leaves from the old plant, wash them, dry them and place them on the bottom shelf of the refrigerator, wrapped in parchment paper. After three to five days, squeeze out the juice from the aloe and use it to apply lotions to the affected areas.

Patients with skin tuberculosis should also mix thirty grams, the same amount and forty grams. Grind and mix all ingredients. Brew a tablespoon of the resulting mixture with a glass of boiling water. Keep the medicine in a water bath for half an hour, then set aside for an hour. Take a glass of the strained drink three times a day.

A remarkable effect is obtained by using a medicine made from equal parts of ivy bud, leaves of gray blackberry, roots tall elecampane And . Grind and mix all ingredients. Pour a couple of tablespoons of this mixture into one hundred milliliters vegetable oil and place in a water bath. After the mixture boils, boil it for another twenty minutes. Infuse the medicine under the lid for four hours, then strain and apply to lubricate the affected areas of the skin.

Even when treating skin tuberculosis, it is recommended to mix equal parts of the roots naked licorice, fruits common fennel, alder buckthorn bark, roots big burdock And medicinal dandelion. tablespoon ready collection Brew one glass of just boiled water. Place the container with the medicine over medium heat, bring to a boil and reduce the heat. Boil this product for ten minutes, then leave it for an hour to infuse. Accept ready-made composition half a glass three times a day.

You can also prepare for the treatment of skin tuberculosis healing bath. To do this you need to connect equal parts, pharmaceutical chamomile, valerian roots, medicinal sage, greater celandine and St. John's wort. Brew two hundred grams of the resulting mixture with four liters of boiling water. Leave covered for forty minutes. Strain the finished infusion and pour it into the bath. As a result, you should have a bathtub with a volume of twenty to thirty liters. Optimal temperature water - thirty-eight degrees. The duration of this procedure is a quarter of an hour to twenty minutes. After healing bath you need to blot the skin (do not rub).

UV therapy is an amazing procedure that can bring great benefit health for correct use. But before sessions of such therapy, as well as before using products traditional medicine, you must get your doctor's approval.

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It is also called photohemotherapy or is designated as an abbreviation for ultraviolet irradiation of blood. It is a dosed irradiation of blood with ultraviolet rays.

Irradiation of the human body with ultraviolet light has been used for a long time. IN clinical practice methods of ultraviolet irradiation of blood are used for various skin, surgical infections and other diseases.

The main problem of this method is insufficient clinical trial ultraviolet influence on the human body. The popularity and prevalence of the method is based solely on the experience of its application.

Ultraviolet irradiation has the following therapeutic effects:

Bactericidal (antiseptic) effect;

Anti-inflammatory effect;

Correction of humoral and cellular immunity;

Acceleration of tissue regeneration (healing);

Vasodilator effect;

Improving the acid-base state of the blood;

Erythropoiesis (stimulation of red blood cell formation);

Desensitizing (antiallergic) effect;

Normalization of antioxidant and blood levels;

Detoxification effect.

Methods for conducting ultraviolet irradiation of blood

There are two methods of blood irradiation - extravascular and intravascular.

Photohemotherapy is carried out in a specially equipped room, close to the surgical box (operating room). The patient is placed on the couch in a supine position. A vein is punctured with a needle upper limb. Intravascular irradiation is carried out by introducing a light guide into the vessel through the cavity of a needle. Extracorporeal, i.e. extravascular irradiation occurs by passing previously collected blood through a quartz cuvette with heparin. After the blood is irradiated, it returns back to the bloodstream. The session lasts 45-55 minutes. To achieve a therapeutic effect, 6-10 courses of ultraviolet irradiation of blood are prescribed.

Before the UVB blood session

IN special training the patient does not need it. It is only necessary to do a general and, in some cases, biochemical, coagulogram (condition On the day of the procedure, you need a nutritious diet with enough sweets before the procedure, as well as after it and throughout the day.

Indications for photohemotherapy:

Stomach ulcer;

Diseases of the ENT organs;

Diseases of the urinary system: pyelonephritis, cystitis, urethritis;

Contraindications:

Violation of the blood coagulation system;

Prolonged bleeding;

Ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke;

Increased sensitivity to solar radiation;

Malignant neoplasms;

Epilepsy;

Active tuberculosis, AIDS (HIV).

Possible complications

No age restrictions for carrying out ultraviolet irradiation of blood. Reviews from patients who underwent radiation sessions are mixed. Some note an improvement in their well-being, while others did not see a significant effect for them.