What are the benefits of cherries? Use of cherries in folk medicine
Hello, I am glad to meet you by the fireplace!
Summer... berry time. The other day I made cherry jam and made a compote with the addition of cherries.
Cherry- a tree that grows in literally every garden, tolerates both frost and drought. Cherry fruits are not considered some kind of exotic, traditional, familiar product. How much do we know about what beneficial properties do cherries have?
What are the benefits of cherries?
Cherry fruit contain sugars (glucose, fructose), vitamins – A, B, C, PP; mineral composition– iron, calcium, potassium, magnesium, copper, phosphorus. Cherry fruits also contain pectin, fiber, organic acids (citric, malic, tartaric, salicylic) and others. useful material.
Cherry fruits strengthen the walls of blood vessels, reduce blood clotting, and prevent the formation of blood clots; cherries are used for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis and varicose veins.
Eating cherry fruits strengthens nervous system.
Cherries are good for people with low performance hemoglobin. Anemia and some forms of leukemia are prevented and treated by vitamin B9 (folic acid), which is found in abundance in overripe cherry fruits.
Thanks to salicylic acid, cherry fruits have antipyretic and bactericidal properties.
Cherry juice is used as an expectorant.
Eating cherries is beneficial for hypertension.
Cherry juice is taken for arthritis, gout, poorly healing wounds, and metabolic disorders.
Cherry fruits quench thirst. I know how to do it quickly delicious drink, which perfectly quenches thirst - just crush fresh cherries, add a little sugar and pour cold water – that’s it, the drink is ready.
Carefully People with gastritis, ulcers, or diabetes should consume cherries, since the sour-sweet taste can provoke an exacerbation of the disease.
Do you think that this is where the beneficial properties of cherries end?
We only talked about cherry fruits. The leaves, stalks, and thin twigs of cherries are considered useful. By the way, in the old days, jam was always made with petioles.
An infusion of thin branches treats joint diseases; you can gargle with sore throat, tonsillitis, and inflammation of the gums.
They bloom every spring cherries, intoxicating with the sweet scent of soft pink flowers. The beauty of flowering and the aroma of cherry trees was first mentioned in the 8th century BC in stories about the Assyrian king Sargon II. Herodotus wrote about cherry trees and methods for making syrup from berries. And in the 3rd century BC, the physician and philosopher Siphinus mentioned that cherries have healing properties. Application of cherries in folk medicine has a centuries-old history. Not only berries, but also leaves, twigs, cherry gum or resin have medicinal properties. Useful qualities cherries for the human body are explained by their biochemical composition. The pulp of the cherry berry contains 85% water and 11% sugars, 10% carbohydrates, a minimum of protein and fat. In addition, cherries contain coloring and tannin substances, provitamin A, B vitamins, vitamins C and E. Cherries are rich in microelements that are necessary for normal operation human body: nickel, cobalt, vanadium, rubidium, boron, fluorine, molybdenum, chromium, sodium, manganese, magnesium, zinc, iodine, iron, phosphorus, copper and calcium. Cherry is an excellent product for those who want to maintain a good figure, since its calorie content is only 52 Kcal per 100g of product.
Medicinal qualities cherries
Due to the high content of iron, calcium and vitamins C and B in the pulp of the berries, eating and using cherries medicines from her improves hematopoiesis, used for anemia and low hemoglobin levels, normalizes the menstrual cycle, and has a positive effect on overall health.
Oxycoumarins and coumarins normalize blood clotting. Fiber and pectins help remove waste and toxins from the body. Darker varieties of cherries are rich in compounds P-vitamin complex and have a beneficial effect on the health of people suffering from hypertension.
Cherry berries improves intestinal motility and are traditional means traditional medicine against constipation.
A decoction of young cherry twigs and berry stalks is used for diarrhea. To prepare the decoction, take 1 glass of stalks and 10 young cherry twigs, put them in a thermos and brew with 2 liters of boiling water. Leave for 6-8 hours. Take 1 glass 3 times a day. You can add sugar to taste. Use the product until complete recovery.
For swelling, illness urinary system They use a decoction of the stalks of cherry berries. Brew 1 cup of stalks with 0.5 liters of boiling water and cook in a water bath for 10-15 minutes with the lid closed. Cool the broth, strain and drink in small portions throughout the day.
At colds in folk medicine they use tea with cherry leaves and dry berries. Pour a glass of boiling water over 5-6 cherry leaves and 5 dried berries cherries. Add sugar or honey to taste and drink not too hot for various inflammatory processes.
For hepatitis, brew 1 cup boiling water 2 tablespoons chopped dry cherry leaves. Drink 1/3 cup 3 times a day after meals.
For nosebleeds soak a tampon in a decoction of cherry leaves (10 leaves per 1 cup of boiling water) and place it in the nostrils or wrap the crushed leaves in gauze fresh leaves and also put it in the nostrils. This remedy can also be used to stop bleeding from small wounds.
Also very useful cherry juice. The use of cherry juice in treatment various diseases due to its high content of salicylic acid, copper, cobalt, iron and other substances. The juice has antimicrobial effect and is a good antiseptic. Prepare it delicious medicine maybe for future use. Pasteurized cherry juice is used as an antipyretic, useful for colds and fevers, has an expectorant effect and is useful for bronchitis and other respiratory diseases.
Cherry juice has a beneficial effect on the nervous system, improves brain activity and is indispensable for the prevention of atherosclerosis.
Cherry glue or gum- very effective remedy, used in folk medicine, which has bactericidal properties and contains valuable sugars, tannins and pectins. For inflammatory processes in the oral cavity, gastric mucosa, and loose gums, it is recommended to chew and then swallow small pieces of cherry gum.
For fibroids, endometriosis A decoction of cherry twigs helps. Twigs can be harvested for future use by cutting off young shoots about 10 cm long from the tree and storing them, twisted into a 5 cm bundle, in cloth bags. To prepare a medicinal decoction, take 1 bunch and boil it in a 3-liter enamel bowl, or in a kettle. First, put the branches in cold water, bring to a boil, and then let it simmer for 10 minutes. Healing drink ready. Drink it daily for one year, just like regular tea. You can add honey, sugar or cherry jam to taste.
Also found a cherry application in cosmetics. When porous oily skin chop 10 pitted cherries and mix with 1/2 teaspoon potato starch. Apply the mask to your face for 15-20 minutes and then rinse with cool water. The mask cleanses, refreshes the skin and tightens pores.
Attention: Cherries can only be eaten when ripe. Unripe cherry pulp and its seeds are dangerous to health due to the fact that it contains hydrocyanic acid. People with increased acidity And peptic ulcer stomach and duodenum Don't overuse cherries. After eating cherry berries, it is recommended to rinse your mouth with water due to the high activity of acids contained in cherry juice, as they contribute to the thinning of tooth enamel.
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Cherry care in spring
What are the benefits of cherry juice?
Advantages of the Lyubskaya cherry variety: early fruiting, high productivity, large fruits, high self-fertility, low-growing tree, convenient for collecting fruits.
The burn manifests itself in the spring as a sudden browning and drying of flowers, leaves and annual shoots, which is facilitated by wet weather and relatively low temperatures during flowering. Dried leaves and shoots do not fall off for a long time, and in wet weather, ash-gray pads of fungus sporulation develop on them.
Growing and caring for cherry trees
Once I accidentally noticed that the cherry tree growing near the compost pit began to bear fruit many times better, and it began to grow so much that I had to be pruned constantly, which had not happened before until the compostarium was set up there. Since then, I began to add compost under the tree trunks of the cherries according to a very simple scheme: carefully, so as not to damage the roots of the cherries, I remove a layer of soil a little less than the bayonet length of an ordinary shovel, add well-rotted and ready-made compost, and top it with the removed soil, with a heap just enough so that after a few rains it settles and becomes level with the plane of the rest of the area.
How to feed cherries in spring
"Lyubskaya"
"Miracle Cherry",
Origin.
A seedling is grown from the seed of a winter-hardy variety, after which cuttings are taken from any suitable cherry tree and grafted onto this seedling. In this way, you can get a seedling that is immediately planted in a permanent place. Fruiting will begin 3-4 years after planting.
Proper cultivation of cherries ensures good fruiting of the tree and a rich harvest. Most varieties of this crop are self-sterile, so when planting seedlings, the proximity of pollinating varieties is necessary, otherwise it will be very difficult to achieve abundant fruiting.
It is advisable to add fertilizers with phosphorus and potassium to the soil at the stage of autumn digging, so that they end up deep in the ground;
Feeding cherries in spring
The tree is medium-sized. The berries are medium in size, almost black in color and have good taste. The variety is self-fertile. Productivity is high. Winter hardiness is good. Propagates well from green cuttings.
One glass of freshly squeezed cherry juice contains as many useful substances as 25 glasses of juice of various vegetables and fruits, including the so-called “multivitamins”. Of course, it is possible that because of its “sourness” it is not so popular, but it is completely in vain. It contains various sugars, acids, micro- and macroelements, vitamins A, B, E, C, PP..
When the cherry is ripe
Disadvantages of the variety: mediocre taste of fruits, damage by moniliosis and coccomycosis.
Fruit rot begins with a small dark spot, which quickly grows, covers the entire fruit, and the same pads form on it.
How to plant cherries in spring
Watering cherries depends on the weather. As noted above, cherries do not tolerate moisture well, but, like other garden trees, the quantity, and most importantly, the quality of berries directly depends on the so-called formative watering.
"Anadolskaya"
"In Memory of Vavilov"
The main center of origin of cherries is East Asia, the second is middle Asia, third - the Caucasus, fourth - Europe with the Mediterranean and Western Siberia.
For planting it is important to choose right place. Southern and southwestern slopes, well lit by the sun, are suitable for this.
Planting a cherry tree is done in the same way as other fruit crops. It is not recommended to add nitrogen fertilizers and rotted manure to the planting hole. Nitrogen fertilizers are applied in early spring after the snow melts, and then after the tree blooms.
Nitrogen fertilizers and ash are best left for spring feeding, because they are necessary to accelerate flowering and fruiting, and now you need to preserve and strengthen the roots of the cherry.
Growing cherries from pits
Shubinka
Cherry juice has a general strengthening effect and is indicated for anemia and hypertension. Among other things, it has pronounced anti-inflammatory properties.
© A. MIKHEEV, candidate
Cut off all dried branches 15-20 cm below the beginning of their drying and burn them. Stop fertilizing with nitrogen fertilizers. You can use 1% Bordeaux mixture or copper oxychloride (40 grams per 10 liters of water) with the addition of 50-100 g of soap per 10 liters of water. In the fall, after leaf fall, spray the trees with a 5-7 percent urea solution.
udec.ru
Cherry: planting and care.
Irrigation can be divided into 2 stages (in different regions in different ways - therefore averaged for Central Russia and the South):
"English early"
Medium varieties:
The cherry culture is known in Kievan Rus (X-XI centuries), in the 11th century it was widely grown in the Novgorod province, and since the 23rd century, cherries have been grown in Ukraine and in the central regions of Russia.
Cherry propagation
Another method is suitable for growing cherries from pits. First, you should keep it for 12 hours in weak solution potassium permanganate. After this, plant it in a pot to a depth of 1.5-2 cm and cover it with plastic wrap to create a greenhouse effect. As the soil dries out, water. The film is removed only after the sprout has gained strength and become stronger.
Soil content is one of the main conditions when growing and caring for cherries. From the first years of life, the plant needs good food For this purpose, inter-row crops are planted between the trees. They contribute to the accumulation of valuable substances in the soil and prevent the appearance of weeds. Inter-row crops are grown until the cherry reaches 4-5 years of age.
Autumn treatment of cherries against pests and diseases ^
Cherry planting
The tree is vigorous. The berries are medium-sized and have a mediocre taste. Productivity is average. It begins to bear fruit at 6-7 years. Winter hardiness is average. The variety is partially self-fertile.
Dry branches appear on the cherry tree. Is it possible to prune them in the summer or wait until spring?
I recently read that it turns out that it’s not for nothing that our, that is, Vladimir’s, cherry is also called royal (I remember this from childhood) - after all, before the revolution it was specially served at the imperial table. And indeed, probably no other variety has such juicy berries. And I remember how my father and I rode bicycles to the nearest village specifically for cherries. And it was akin to a holiday: with the permission of the owners, they picked the berries themselves, the price was ridiculous - a ruble per bucket, and you could still eat to your heart's content while you were picking. We drove back with full buckets hanging on the handlebars, which also happened a fun adventure- try to keep the bike moving with such and such a load. And cherries, completely dotted with almost black ripe berries, became for me a kind of symbol of childhood.
Due to its small size, the cherry harvest grown at the dacha is harvested by hand; if long-distance transportation is required, it is cut along with the stalk. My guests who come to the seaside in the summer do exactly this with berries, cherries and sour cherries, so that they can bring it back home safely and treat their loved ones. Berries collected this way can be stored two or even three times longer. According to the guests, southern cherries are much tastier. I store the berries in plastic Turkish fruit boxes (dozhili). Many have seen them. It is convenient to arrange them in rows, they are well ventilated, and neither the cherries nor the sweet cherries are peeled off or mechanically damaged. I usually add a layer no more than 10 centimeters high so as not to choke the berries.
May-early June: ovary formation in cherries
Cherry care
"Kentskaya"
"Podbelskaya"
Cherry is one of the most popular fruit crops. The fruits are valuable because they have healing and tonic properties. Fruits contain, along with sugars and organic acids a large number of biologically active substances- vitamins C, P, B
From the seed a rooted tree of seed origin is obtained, which will begin to bear fruit in 5-8 years.
In early spring, the soil around the tree trunk is dug up to provide access to oxygen and warm it up. Digging and regular loosening prevent moisture evaporation. Loosening is carried out until mid-July - early August.
indasad.ru
Growing and caring for cherries in the garden. Properties and varieties of cherries.
How to care for cherries, varieties and hybrids, as well as several “cherry” recipes and tree care tips
Copyright © 2011; Freelance.
You can remove dry branches throughout the season. However, it is worth paying attention to this. when and how they dry out. If this happened immediately after flowering or during the period of fruit formation, then the cause is most likely a fungal disease. Then immediately cut all affected branches to healthy wood and burn. The next stage is spraying with drugs against fungal diseases, for example. "Horus" or "Skor".
And therefore, when I retired and was about to become a full-fledged summer resident, when buying a plot I was looking for one where this crop would already be growing: I didn’t want to plant from scratch, since it would take too long to wait for the harvest, and I hoped to quickly find a common language with the old plantings. And she found what she wanted - the land was developed, although a little neglected, and on the north side a real cherry jungle of huge bushes had grown. First of all, I cut out all the young growth, because it is of no use, it only depletes the soil.
In large cherry orchards, they use the same method of harvesting fruits, mechanically shaking off the fruits, and even a method with such a seemingly inappropriate name for this matter, “milking.”
Mid-July and early August: formation of buds that form the harvest
Nutritional and medicinal value of cherries
"Zhukovskaya" "Nord Star" 2 Cherry is a tree or shrub belonging to the Rosaceae family. Tree-like forms can reach a height of seven meters, and bush-like forms - three. The homeland of cherries is Crimea and the Black Sea coast. It was from there that it once came to the orchards of Rome and spread throughout Europe. This individual is one of the most drought-resistant fruit crops, but for good fruiting and improving the quality of the fruit, abundant watering is necessary. The first watering is required during flowering, the second - during the period of fruit ripening, the last watering is carried out in October after the leaves have fallen. Each cherry bush will need 3-6 buckets of water.
The main stages of autumn treatment of cherries from pests:
Cherry is a cold-resistant crop, and can even withstand severe frosts without any damage, however, caring for cherries in the fall must be carried out without fail. By devoting time to fruit bushes in the autumn months, you will receive a guaranteed harvest of excellent fruits for the next year and reliably protect your cherries from pests or the development of various diseases.
Cherry is perhaps the second crop after apple tree grown in our gardens. It is distinguished by its high precocity and begins to bear fruit 4-5 years after planting. It bears fruit annually, usually yielding 5-10, and sometimes up to 20 kg per tree. Cherry berries have a pleasant sweet and sour taste and have some medicinal properties; their pulp contains many useful substances. Cherries are widely used for preparing compotes, jams, juices, liqueurs; they are consumed fresh and dried. It is important to keep in mind that most cherry varieties are self-sterile and for pollination of flowers it is necessary to have other varieties on the site.
It took me all of April, and in May my cherries were now blooming in such a riotous color that the leaves were not visible. I was happy about the future harvest, but the ovaries that had formed suddenly began to fall off in such numbers that I was ready to cry. And from five bushes I only picked half a bucket of berries.
Picking cherries using the “milking method” is applicable when the berries are going to be processed. The fruits are collected without the stalk in special aprons made of waterproof fabric, plastic buckets.
Be sure to stop watering 20-30 days in advance, otherwise the cherry berries will crack and rot, and will not be suitable for canning, or even for making cherry liqueurs and tinctures (even after fermentation, an unpleasant odor will remain - checked).
Partially self-fertile:
Cherry varieties.
"Turgenevka"
- , B
- In one and the same place, cherries can grow and bear fruit for quite a long time - about 16 years. Therefore, when planting, it is important to avoid mistakes, the consequences of which will inevitably affect the entire life of the plant.
When growing cherries, timely formation of the crown is mandatory. Tree-like varieties form with one trunk, bush-like varieties with 2-3 trunks. In addition, it is necessary to monitor the growth of branches. Normal annual growth is considered to be 30-40 cm. Small growth is a sign of insufficient care. Annual growth can be affected by pests and tree diseases, lack of nutrients and moisture. If the branches grow large, they should be shortened to the required length (40 cm). These branches will later develop leaves and vegetative buds, and new shoots will emerge from them.
When the leaves fall from the cherry tree, carry out sanitary pruning of the branches, removing diseased and damaged branches, covering the cut area with garden varnish;
Cherry blossoms begin quite early; with the end of the dormant period, the tree immediately begins to actively consume nutrients from the soil, so pre-fertilizing cherries in the fall is more preferable than in the spring. In addition, having harvested the entire harvest at the end of summer, you can safely treat the cherry bushes with chemicals against pests and diseases, without fear for your health.
The choice of place to plant cherries will largely determine its yield. Cherries can grow in one place for up to 15-16 years, so a poorly chosen place will lead to low yields throughout its life. Light sandy loam soils with a neutral soil reaction are best suited for cherries. The depth of groundwater should be no higher than 1.5 m.
"Alpha"
| 9 |
| A distinctive feature of cherries is the self-sterility of most of its varieties. Even those that can be pollinated by their own pollen produce a much richer harvest when cross-pollinated. Moreover, certain varieties require their own pollinator varieties. This circumstance must be taken into account when planting a cherry orchard. |
| Growing and caring for cherries involves regularly loosening the soil, watering, pruning, fertilizing and protecting trees from diseases and pests. In a young plant, the root system grows and develops faster than the growth of branches, so the trunk circles should be formed twice the diameter of the crown. The soil around the tree trunk should be loose, fertilized and moderately moist. In autumn, tree trunk circles are dug up to a depth of 15-20 cm, while the proximity of the root system to the surface of the earth must be taken into account, so as not to damage them and not to cut the main roots. |
| clean and seal cracks and wounds on the tree from which gum leaks; |
| Autumn care for cherries includes: |
In the middle zone it is better to plant cherries in the spring. When planted in the fall, a seedling that is still weakly rooted may suffer or even die from frost in winter. If the seedlings were harvested in the fall, it is better to bury them until spring. Bush-shaped cherries are planted 2 meters apart in a row, and 2-2.5 meters between rows, and tree-shaped cherries are somewhat less common. The planting hole should be 5-60 cm in diameter and about 40-50 cm deep. The soil taken out of the hole is mixed with humus 1:1 and 30-40 g of superphosphate, 20-25 potassium chloride and 1 kg are added wood ash. For heavy clay soils, add 1-1.5 buckets of sand. Before planting, you should inspect the roots; the damaged ones are carefully removed to the healthy part. Having installed the cherry seedling in the planting hole, it is filled with the prepared soil mixture. To create a hole for watering, make a roller of soil around the seedling at a distance of 25-30 cm. Having filled the hole and made a hole, water the seedling with water heated in the sun in a volume of 2-3 buckets per seedling. After watering, the soil along with the seedling will settle and the root collar should be at ground level. If it turns out to be above ground level, you need to add soil, and if below, remove the excess layer so that a layer of soil of about 2-3 cm remains above the roots. To protect the soil around the seedling from excessive evaporation and cracking, mulch the planting hole with a layer of 2-3 cm from humus, sawdust or compost.
"Ukrainian griot"
| “Night” (simply an excellent variety) |
| , PP. |
| All varieties and varieties of cherries prefer light sandy loam soil with a neutral reaction and groundwater located no closer than one and a half meters from the surface. |
| Fertilizers are applied when planting a seedling, and then the annual growth of branches is monitored. If the growth is more than 50 cm, fertilizing is not required. When the growth reaches less than 30 cm, humus and superphosphate are added in the fall. Fertilizing cherries in spring is done with ammonium nitrate. Many gardeners are interested in what to feed mature cherry in the spring? Fertilizing can be done with ammonium nitrate, double superphosphate and potassium salt. Once every 3 years, humus is added to the soil. |
| all plant debris, including fallen leaves, pruned branches and diseased fruits, are removed from the tree trunk and destroyed; |
| processing of tree trunk circles; |
| Cherry roots are shallow, so the soil around the tree should be loose and free of weeds. Loosening or digging in the tree trunk circle should be done carefully, to a depth of no more than 8-10 cm, so as not to damage the roots. It is better to do digging in the fall 2-3 weeks before the leaves begin to fall, in this case the roots recover faster from damage and the cherry tree endures winter more easily. If fertilizers were applied when planting a cherry seedling, then there is no need to fertilize additionally this year, and in subsequent years organic fertilizers are applied once every 2-3 years in the fall when digging in the amount of 8-10 kg per 1 meter of tree trunk circle. Nitrogen fertilizers are applied in three stages: the first time - after the snow melts, the second - after flowering and the third - at the end of June - beginning of July. If the soil is poor in the first years after planting, in addition to nitrogen fertilizer, use an aqueous solution of mullein (1:6), slurry (1:5), and bird droppings (1:12). Apply 1-1.5 buckets of solution to each tree. To increase the yield of cherries, watering is very important. This should not be done every day, but generously, so that the soil is soaked to a depth of 40 cm. After watering, the dried soil should be loosened so that a crust does not form. IN at a young age Cherry branches well, so it is necessary to thin out shading branches, as well as dry, diseased and broken ones. Cherry branches are pruned in the spring at a stable positive temperature. Branches damaged by frost are pruned later, when the regrowth zone is identified. Pruning wounds should be covered with garden varnish. |
| Firstly, after cutting out the young growth, I did not feed the bushes with anything. But these wild children still managed to take a lot of energy before pruning. Secondly, I didn’t pay any attention to the old branches growing inside, and they also had to be removed, because they only thicken the bush, which is why the berries grow small and tasteless. And thirdly, I went crazy with watering: I poured water directly from the hose, trying to refresh the branches, which is completely contraindicated for cherries. I took all this into account. |
Cherry wood is highly valued by carpenters and cabinetmakers. It is highly polished, very hard, and furniture made from it is very difficult to distinguish from that made from mahogany. For connoisseurs, cherry is used to make smoking pipes and much more.
| Due to the high shoot-forming ability of most varieties, the crown thickens. |
| A special group of cherry varieties is represented by the so-called duki - cherry-cherry hybrids. These include: |
| Late varieties of cherries: |
| Cherries are rich in iron (according to scientists, they contain 2 times more iron than even the recognized leaders in iron content - apples). |
| Cherries are most often propagated by root shoots or green cuttings. Cuttings are harvested at the end of June, when shoots are growing rapidly. Well-developed, upward-growing green shoots are suitable for cuttings. When choosing cuttings, it is necessary to take into account that those taken from young bushes, not older than five years of age, usually take root more easily than from older ones. Anyway, top part a shoot with underdeveloped leaves is more difficult to produce roots, and it is better to remove it. |
| In case of freezing of the root system, weak tree growth, damage by diseases and pests, foliar feeding and spraying with insecticides and fungicides are carried out. To improve the quality of fruits, foliar application of fertilizers containing boron is used. |
| after the first frost, the cherry bush and its trunk circle should be sprayed with a 5% urea solution - this highly concentrated nitrogen fertilizer destroys a large number of pests, fungal and infectious agents diseases and prevents their reproduction. |
| moisture-recharging irrigation; |
| Apukhninskaya |
| That same fall, I spread manure mixed with sawdust under the bushes and covered the top with spruce branches to prevent mice. And in the winter I started studying specialized literature. By the way, I found out another one interesting point. It turns out that Vladimirskaya will not be able to show its productivity in all its glory if other cherry varieties do not grow nearby. But then I relied on the neighbor’s Shubinka cherry tree, which literally grew next to my trees. And I was not mistaken (again, the benefits of having economic neighbors). |
The fruits are used fresh and frozen, for processing to produce jam, compotes, juices, dried fruits, marmalade.
The upper cut of the cutting should be immediately above the bud, while the lower cut should be about 1 cm below the last bud. The lower leaves that interfere with planting are also removed, and the cutting is planted vertically, buried 2 - 3 cm into the soil. The ground around it is compacted a little, and so that To create high humidity, cover with film or an inverted plastic bottle with the neck cut off. Planted cuttings should be protected from direct sunlight, but good lighting is nevertheless necessary for their successful rooting.
Caring for a cherry tree also involves proper watering. Frequent watering is needed in the first years after planting. In one season, 12 irrigations are carried out; in dry summers, their number increases. After watering, the tree trunk circle is loosened, this helps improve the structure of the soil and saturate it with oxygen.
What are cherry and sweet cherry hybrids?
If you are concerned about the question of how to treat cherries in the fall against certain pests or pathogens, in the corresponding article you will find the names of the drugs and more detailed methods of combating the most common misfortunes.
fertilizer application;
The plant is of small height. Berries up to 3.5 g are mainly for technical purposes. Fruits annually and abundantly. A variety with high self-fertility. Weak frost resistance of branches.
Planting, setting up a cherry orchard and caring for it.
In the spring, when the snow had not yet completely melted, I carefully examined each cherry tree and cut out both the dry branches and those that were growing inside.
Despite the fact that housewives are well familiar with recipes for all sorts of cherry dishes, I will still give those that we use ourselves for preparing, rolling and canning at home.
In traditional gardens, a sparsely tiered crown is often formed; for bush-type varieties, 9-11 are left, and for tree-type varieties, 7-9 main branches are left. The branches are placed in three tiers according to the scheme 4-5, 2-3 and 2, the inter-tier spaces are 40-50 or 50-60 cm.
Fertilizer
"Early English"
"Lyubskaya"
Coumarins are found in the fruits, which prevent rapid blood clotting and prevent the formation of blood clots. Decoctions of branches and fruit formations are used in medicine. Medical norm consumption of cherry fruits per person - 6 kg per year.
Experienced gardeners know that cherries produce a lot of root shoots, the fight against which causes a lot of trouble. But to use this shoot as planting material It doesn't always work out. The fact is that only shoots of self-rooted cherries are suitable for propagation. If a tree or bush has been grafted, then from the root will grow offspring of the variety that was used as a rootstock, most often wildflower. To get a cutting from such a specimen, you need to cut it from the crown above the grafting site.
How to water
The development of a tree, its productivity and winter hardiness are largely influenced by the condition of the trunk. There are several reasons for trunk damage: low temperatures, in which frost holes form, sudden temperature changes, causing burns bark on the staff and skeletal branches, mechanical damage due to careless digging of the soil, damage by rodents. In places of damage on the tree, gum formation appears, which negatively affects the condition of the cherry as a whole. In order to avoid gum development, wounds are treated with garden varnish, paint or waterproof varnish. Large wounds are tied with burlap. When dying upper layers In the bark, cracks form on the trunk, in which pathogenic pests and fungi begin to accumulate, so in the fall the bark on the trunks and skeletal branches is cleared special brushes. Cherry trunks are often damaged by rodents - mice and hares. To protect against rodents, the trunks are tied with spruce branches.
Prepare the tree for winter ^
- prevention of diseases and pests;
- Crimson
Again, on the advice of experienced gardeners, I burned all the resulting waste in a hole dug in the ground, and collected cherry ash in a jar - it turns out that it is good to sprinkle radish and carrot seedlings with it.
Pruning and crown formation of cherry trees.
The cherries with the selected pits are placed in an enamel pan and heated over low heat until the berries begin to become covered with juice.
- Semi-flat crown.
- "Hydrangea"
- "Meteor"
Features of the cherry tree - a biological approach.
Cherries can be planted both in the spring, before the buds open, and in the fall - until mid-October. But when planting in autumn, there is always a risk of freezing, especially if frosts begin earlier than usual.
The main diseases of cherries: coccomycosis, rust, gum disease, hole spot, fruit rot. To prevent diseases, once every 3 years they treat with a 3% solution of nitrafen, spray the plant with a solution of Bordeaux mixture or with preparations containing copper oxychloride and polycarbacin.
Despite the high resistance of many cherry varieties to severe frosts, in winters with little snow the trees can still suffer from severe cold. Therefore, in late autumn, try to form good protection for the roots and trunk of the cherry tree from possible freezing. The usual covering of the cherry tree trunk circle with a thick layer of snow will help cope with this task. To be safe, sprinkle the resulting snowdrift with light mulch (sawdust or small straw) on top.
pruning branches;
Tree of medium height. Berries weighing 3.3-3.7 g are dark red in color, suitable for consumption in fresh and for technical processing. Productivity is average. The variety is partially self-fertile. Winter hardiness is average.
Now my cherry trees - I didn’t want to call them bushes - began to resemble those from childhood. I even scattered calendula seeds under them - also greetings from that time. However, this flower is valued not only because of its beauty, it is also a garden nurse (well, this has been discussed more than once in Dacha).
Cherry propagation in practice.
The pan with berries is periodically shaken in a circular motion so that the berries do not burn. Heated jars are filled with hot cherries and sterilized: half-liter jars - 9-12 minutes, liter jars - 14-15 minutes, three-liter jars - 30 minutes or more.
The formed tree should have a trunk 60-70 cm high and the main branches at an angle of 45 degrees to the row line. In varieties of bushy forms, 7-8 branches are left, and in tree-like varieties - 5-6. The main branches are placed in tiers: in the first 2-4, in the second 2 and in the third 1-2.
"Miracle Cherry"
Cherry pests and diseases.
Cherry varieties resistant to coccomycosis:
Trees of varieties of the tree group have a height of 3-4.5 meters, and varieties of the bush group have a height of 1.5-3 meters. Cherry is different from many other garden trees rapid growth and early fruiting, because it begins to bear fruit already in the 3-5th year, bears fruit on bouquet branches and remote annual branches. Lives for 20-30 years, the period of use of trees to obtain a full harvest of berries in the garden is 15-20 years.
Why does cherry dry?
Tree-like forms of cherries are planted with a distance of at least three meters between neighboring trees, bush varieties - two. Planting holes must be made about 50 cm deep and approximately the same diameter. They must be of sufficient width and depth so that all the roots of the seedlings fit freely when spread out. When filling, humus and superphosphate are added to the soil - 30 - 40 grams, potassium chloride– 20 - 25 grams and about a kilogram of wood ash. And if the soil is clayey, then a bucket of river sand in each hole will not be amiss.
When caring for cherries in the spring, remove dried and diseased branches, loosen the tree trunk, and dig up the top layer of soil. Since the flowering of the tree begins very early, the inflorescences may freeze slightly. To avoid this, close the bush at night. light fabric or film.
For additional protection of the cherry tree trunk from active influence spring sun, and at the same time from pests and rodents, the trunk is whitened with a simple solution of lime or iron sulfate, mullein, and clay are additionally added.
whitewashing the trunks.
Vladimirskaya
Harvest.
Now about watering. I dug up circles under each cherry tree and poured water into them for the first time, just when the buds appeared. Looking ahead, I will say that I water only three times: before flowering, after the formation of ovaries and after harvesting. This is enough for the cherry; its roots are deep, so, in general, there is enough moisture. But every time I water, I add something useful to the water - diluted compost or just an infusion of grass.
Cherries are soaked in vinegar for a day. Then the vinegar is drained. The pits are removed from the cherries and boiled with sugar, spices and 100 ml of drained vinegar until soft. Transfer to jars (you can also use ceramic dishes), pour in the remaining vinegar, after boiling for 5 minutes. Place parchment paper soaked in vodka on top.
In Western European countries with developed horticulture, cherry orchards are sometimes grown with a flat crown. The spindle-shaped crown is becoming increasingly popular in plantations with a density of up to 1000 trees per 1 hectare.
Of the fruitful foreign varieties, the gardener should take note of the following varieties: Cavalier, Viva, Stella, Christine, Napoleon, Hartland, Sweetheart (Sweet Heart), Ulster, Montmorency, Black Tartarian, Hudson. Many of them are well suited for cultivation in the south of Russia and even in the Non-Black Earth Zone.
"Zhukovskaya" (also an excellent resistant variety)
Use and application.
Cherry is a light-loving plant, grows well on light soils, is relatively drought-resistant, and winter-hardy. The soil reaction is preferably neutral (pH 6.5-7.0).
Before planting, carefully cut off any damage to the roots of the seedling. And if the roots have dried out, soak them in water for two to three hours. The peg to which the seedling will be tied is hammered into the middle of the hole in advance, before planting. The roots are covered very carefully, trying not to leave any voids. The trunk of the seedling should always be in vertical position and on the north side of the peg.
Cherry recipes.
During the growing season, fertilizing is carried out. As the first feeding, use a bucket of mullein and 1 kg of ash. The first feeding is necessary during the flowering period. The second feeding is applied after 15 days. For this purpose, nitrogenous fertilizers are used.
In its own juice.
If you are not lazy and properly care for your cherries in the fall, this beautiful tree will definitely reward you for your efforts in the next season: in the spring it will fill your garden with snow-white radiance and a wonderful aroma, and in mid-summer it will bring a good harvest of juicy fruits.
Preparation of cherry tree trunks for winter ^
Pickled cherries.
Tree of medium height. Berries average size with high taste qualities. The variety is self-sterile. Productivity is low. Winter hardiness is high, but in severe frosts the flower buds freeze.
All summer I keep an eye on whether pests have appeared. If suddenly such a misfortune happens (small boogers begin to crawl), I quickly prepare a “killer” syrup: I pour water into a 2-liter saucepan, put it on the stove, bring it to a boil and throw in a pack of smoking tobacco, five or six pieces of sugar and half a pack baking soda. Then in the evening, when the boogers, having tired themselves out in the sun, calm down, I spray the bushes directly from the broom. Usually in the morning all the pests are already gone.
Candied cherries.
To prepare pickled cherries you will need 1 kg of cherries - 0.5 liters of wine vinegar, 500 g of sugar, 4 pcs. cloves, a little cinnamon. Store in a cool place.
Pruning of a young cherry tree during its active growth consists mainly of thinning pruning, but it is also very important, as practice shows, neglected growth does not allow the formation of a strong tree.
Growing cherries - sharing personal experience on planting and care
Cherry Lyubskaya or Lyubka
You can also read about the varieties and their characteristics in this post.
"Toy"
Grows poorly in conditions of prolonged waterlogging. You don’t even have to try to grow cherries to get berry harvests worthy of your work in the garden (with the exception of only a few varieties) if the garden is located in a lowland or swampy area with close groundwater (less than 2 meters). I myself made several attempts to plant cherries in the ravine behind the plot, all of them were unsuccessful, the root system suffered greatly, and even those trees that “took root” yielded such a harvest that you don’t know whether to laugh or cry.
When the planting hole is filled in, an earthen roller with a diameter of about 60 cm is made around the seedling so that the water does not spread when watering, but gets exactly where it is intended. Water the seedlings with water, heated and left in the sun, at the rate of two to three buckets for each plant. When the water is absorbed and the soil in the hole finally settles, the root collar should be flush with the ground. If this does not happen and the roots are exposed, the soil should be added. And if, on the contrary, the neck is lower, the stem must be freed from excess soil so that a layer of at least 2 cm remains above the topmost root.
http://orchardo.ru/311-uhod-za-vishney-osenyu.html
In the video - autumn processing and feeding of cherries and other fruit trees
Gurtievka
There is also such a common cherry sore as gum - resin deposits on the trunks. What I do is: above the point of leakage and along its entire direction, I squeeze regular mustard out of the tube. Then I wrap these places with rags, wrap them in cellophane on top and do not remove this compress for a whole week.
Make syrup from sugar and water. The syrup should be thick enough. Then put the pitted cherries in it and leave it overnight. After this, drain the syrup, boil, pour it over the cherries again and cool again. Repeat this procedure until the cherries are covered with crystallized sugar. Then dry the candied fruits in the oven or stove.
After the cherry tree stops active growth (the annual growth of branches decreases, they begin to become bare and grow stronger), it’s time to do anti-aging pruning. They switch to it after the length of the continuation shoots is reduced to 25 cm. The nursery recommended that valuable cherry varieties be used for rejuvenating pruning on 2-4 year old wood, taking into account the period biological life her tree.
Vladimir cherry
Hybrids of cherries and cherries belong to the cherry species, and within this species they are separated into a separate group - duki. Most of the varieties included in this group (“English Early”, “Hydrangea”, “Melitopol Dessert”, “Beauty of the North”, “May Duke”) are characterized by pink color of fruits, light pink juice and delicate yellowish, very juicy pulp predominantly sweet taste with a slight piquant sourness.
"Memory of Vavilov"
According to the color of the juice, cherry varieties are divided into two groups:
To protect against moisture evaporation and soil cracking, it is advisable to mulch the tree trunk circles with sawdust, compost or other similar material. This will also protect you from weeds, which otherwise will definitely have to be weeded out in large quantities.
When cherries ripen directly depends on its variety and region of growth. There are varieties of early, middle and late date maturation. Early varieties ripen in mid-June, mid-ripening in early July, late varieties in mid-July and August.
Series of messages "Cherry":
During the summer, you tirelessly fought the weeds under the cherry tree. With the onset of autumn about this important procedure You shouldn’t forget either, since sodding the tree trunk circle will have a bad effect on the future development and fruiting of the cherry. To prevent the appearance of weeds, you can mulch the ground under the cherry tree in the summer, just make sure that the mulch does not cover the trunk, otherwise it will begin to rot.
Tree of medium height. Medium-sized berries with a sweet and sour taste. Productivity is high. The variety is partially self-fertile, relatively winter-hardy.
I don’t know what’s going on there chemical reaction, but the gum disappears almost completely after that. And where there is any remaining, I clean it with a knife and wipe it with brilliant green. I cured all the old bushes from this nasty thing. Pah-pah, until it no longer appears.
To prepare candied cherries you will need: 500 grams of cherries and 250 grams of sugar.
We are accustomed to the fact that the main benefit of fruit trees lies precisely in their fruits. But traditional medicine knows that the bark of such trees also has healing properties. Today we’ll talk about cherry twigs, their use to improve health, and the features of preparing and taking medicinal drinks.
Chemical composition of cherry branches
Before you start using any traditional medicine, we recommend that you familiarize yourself with the basic properties of the base product. In this case, branches of a cherry tree.
Chemical compositions cherry fruits and the bark of this tree have similar main components:
- minerals - phosphorus, zinc, potassium, magnesium, copper, chromium, sodium, calcium, iron;
- organic acids;
- vitamins - B, PP, A, E, C;
- starch.
In addition, cherry branches contain:
- tannins;
- glycosides;
- catechins;
- flavonoids;
- lemon acid.
Did you know?Cherries were previously used to treat epilepsy.
The healing properties of cherry branches
Healing power, embedded in cherry branches, has beneficial influence on various systems body:
- stimulates immune processes;
- enriches with vitamins;
- strengthens the vascular system;
- disinfects the oral cavity and pharynx;
- prevents development viral diseases respiratory organs;
- cleanses the kidneys;
- reduces blood pressure due to its diuretic effect;
- tones and invigorates;
- slows down the aging process (due to the content of antioxidants);
- enriches with folic acid (important for pregnant and lactating women);
- gets things going gastrointestinal tract(GIT);
- inhibits the growth of benign formations;
- reduces the intensity of inflammatory processes in the joints.
All of the above properties have made it possible to use cherry branches in folk medicine to cure various ailments. Indications for use
Many years of experience in using cherry twigs as a healing agent have identified diseases and conditions in which drinks prepared from such raw materials have the most beneficial effect. Let's list them:
- arthritis;
- intestinal atony;
- hypertension;
- diarrhea;
- uterine bleeding;
- myoma;
- gout;
- hay fever (allergy);
- colds;
- respiratory diseases (tonsillitis, tonsillitis, etc.);
- rheumatism.
Pregnant women and nursing mothers will benefit from tea made from cherry twigs due to the high content in the drink folic acid. But before use, it is better to consult a doctor to avoid possible harm.
Contraindications
Before you start treatment traditional methods, you definitely need to find out not only about the benefits brought by a specific product, but also about possible harm or contraindications for use.
As for cherry twigs, there are not many contraindications for their use:
- gastritis;
- duodenal ulcer;
- stomach ulcer;
- increased stomach acidity;
- diabetes.
Important! Do not forget about the dosage, duration and frequency of administration. In case of an overdose, heartburn will occur due to the increased acid content in the bark and wood of the cherry.
Procurement and storage of raw materials
Most sources on folk medicine talk about the time of collecting cherry twigs during the spring swelling of the buds on the tree. In the middle zone this happens at the end of April. For use in medicinal purposes take young branches up to 10 cm long. Cut them off sharp knife from an ungrafted healthy tree.
If you intend to often drink drinks from cherry branches, then try to prepare them in such quantities as to last for a year.
Cut branches should be washed and dried in a shaded, well-ventilated area. To do this, it is better to tie them into small bouquets of 10-15 pieces and hang them on a rope. When the branches are dry, they are transferred to paper bags and stored in a dry room.
Usage: how to brew cherry twigs
From the branches of this fruit tree you can prepare healthy tea and decoction, which are used for various ailments.
To prepare tea, you need to take 4-5 branches, cut or break them into small pieces (1 cm each) and throw them into boiling water (0.5 liters). It is better to take a saucepan from stainless steel. When the water boils, you need to reduce the heat and simmer over low heat for 10 minutes, then pour the resulting liquid into a teapot (without straining) and leave there until the drink acquires a rich color (15-30 minutes). Then strain the tea. The twigs can be used twice more for brewing, only each subsequent time the boiling time should be increased by 5-10 minutes. There is no point in using raw materials more than three times, since the beneficial substances will already be released to the maximum during this time.
You can add a little honey or cinnamon to the tea. Drink no more than three cups a day. Tea helps with colds and diarrhea, rejuvenates the body, saturates it with energy, and removes excess fluid. Useful for pregnant and lactating women, people with poor blood clotting.
At uterine bleeding you need to drink 1 glass three times a day for two days (on the third day the bleeding should stop). This drink is suitable for consumption both freshly brewed and infused. It can be drunk hot or cold.
Important! Brew tea in small quantities so that you can use it throughout the day.
Another drink that can be prepared from prepared raw materials is a decoction. He's getting ready in the following way: about 20 branches are chopped, poured with cold water in a volume of 2 liters and placed on low heat. Boil for 15 minutes and leave for two hours, then filter. You can add a little honey to the finished broth.
The resulting drink is used for various purposes. Depending on this, the frequency of administration and dosage changes:
- for the treatment of arthritis and inflammatory processes in the body - a quarter glass four times a day;
- for the treatment of endometriosis and fibroids - three cups a day for a year (to prepare a decoction, take about 20 branches, pour two liters cold water and boil for 5-10 minutes over low heat; leave for half an hour in a warm, dark place);
- the same decoction is also used to treat diabetes. It is taken up to 5 times a day, 1 glass. Drink for 10 days, then take a break for the same period. Repeat the course two more times.
Cherry is a delicious, but most importantly the healthiest berry.
Useful, medicinal properties of cherries
Many gardeners grow cherries solely for their amazing taste, not realizing that they are very beneficial for health. Since ancient times, the fruits of the cherry tree have been used as dietary product for digestive disorders.
It is believed that cherries have a beneficial effect on the nervous system and have an anticonvulsant effect. In the 20th century, many doctors used cherry decoction for epilepsy and mental disorders.
Cherry fruits have a mild laxative effect, so they are useful for constipation. In combination with milk, they are recommended for arthritis. Cherry pulp and juice have an expectorant effect and can be used for respiratory diseases.
The composition of cherry fruits includes glucose, sucrose, pectin, vitamins A, C, PP, organic acids, tannins, coloring and nitrogenous substances, copper, zinc, potassium, iron and magnesium. It is known that the kernels in cherry pits are poisonous, but under the supervision of a doctor they are successfully used to treat gout and kidney stone disease. Known about antiseptic properties cherry leaves, which can be added to tea.
The fruits of this plant contain antioxidants, strengthen capillaries, slow down the aging process of cells, protect the body from cancer, and have a beneficial effect on brain function. The coumarins they contain reduce blood clotting, which is important for thrombosis, as well as for the prevention of stroke and heart attack.
Healing recipes from cherries. Treatment with cherries
Tea from cherry branches for joint diseases
Pour 60 g of chopped thin cherry branches with 500 ml of boiling water and leave for 2 hours, then strain. Drink during the day in several doses.
Decoction of cherry stalks for bleeding
Pour 20 g of cherry stalks into 300 ml of water, bring to a boil and keep on fire for 20 minutes, then cool and strain. Take small portions throughout the day.
Decoction of cherry leaves in milk for jaundice
Pour 40 g of cherry leaves into 150 ml of milk and keep on fire for 4 minutes, then strain. Take small portions throughout the day.
Cherry fruits varicose veins veins, thrombophlebitis, arthritis and gout
During the day, eat 1 kg of cherries with milk (200 ml per serving).
Cherry fruits high temperature, nausea and digestive disorders.
During the day, eat 300-400 g of cherries with warm water.
