Chronic toxic hepatitis symptoms and treatment. Complications of toxic hepatitis

Acute toxic hepatitis is quite dangerous form diseases caused by the penetration of toxic substances into the body. This role can be played by poisons, salts heavy metals, natural toxins (poisonous mushrooms), some drugs, alcohol and others.

Toxic hepatitis: causes

There are many factors that can lead to this result. The liver is a natural filter of the body, and it is in this organ that dangerous compounds are neutralized. Therefore, when exposed to toxic substances, it is the liver that suffers in the first place.

Liver toxicity can be benzene, arsenic, lead, pesticides, and many other compounds. Often, the disease develops with the use of poisonous mushrooms, as well as with the bites of especially dangerous animals that release toxins into human blood.

On the other hand, toxic hepatitis can also have more familiar causes. For example, quite often this condition develops when the body is poisoned with alcohol. Wherein important role plays the composition of the drink consumed, its quantity, as well as the duration of such a destructive addiction.

The cause of toxic damage can be some medical preparations, especially if you combine them with poisons and other aggressive chemicals. That is why it is forbidden to drink alcohol while taking medications and drugs, but, unfortunately, such recommendations are often neglected.

Toxic hepatitis is a very serious condition. With absence timely treatment necrotic processes begin in the tissues of the organ.

Toxic hepatitis: symptoms

The first ones do not appear immediately, but 2-4 days after the penetration of the toxin. At first, the person loses his appetite and complains about constant feeling bitterness in the mouth.

Then there is a dull pain in the region of the right hypochondrium, which radiates to the shoulder blade. It can intensify from time to time, especially if the patient has eaten something spicy or fatty. Symptoms may also appear digestive system- nausea, vomiting, constipation, diarrhea, bloating, etc.

The level of bilirubin in the blood rises, as a result of which the patient's skin acquires a yellowish tint, like proteins eyeballs.

On palpation, you can notice that the dimensions a touch and pressure in this place cause a new pain attack.

Toxic hepatitis: treatment

If a person has similar symptoms, you should immediately go to the hospital - self-treatment in this case life-threatening. After a series of tests and studies, the doctor will make a diagnosis, as well as find out the cause of the onset of the disease, the stage of its development and the toxin to which the patient has been exposed.

First you need to completely remove the toxin from the body. The methods that are used here are directly dependent on the form of the toxin, the amount and time of its administration.

If along with toxic poisoning necrosis began to develop, then the same methods are used for treatment as with viral forms illness. In the event that a patient suffers from a benign form of hepatitis caused by taking a drug, then sometimes it is possible to do without. As a rule, stopping the use of the drug stops the development of the disease.

If help was provided to the patient on time, then the prognosis for him will be favorable - the complete disappearance of symptoms will come after 2-4 weeks, after which the body will be able to slowly recover. Patients are also prescribed and special diet, which does not create additional load to this organ.

Toxic hepatitis is a chronic or acute illness liver, which develops as a result of the penetration of chemical or other toxic substances into the body, toxic effects them to liver cells, accompanied by a cell tumor and their death, and manifested by progressive jaundice, pain in the hypochondrium and an increase in the size of the liver.

Acute toxic hepatitis develops when a single large amount of poison or a small doses of toxic substances resembling liver cells usually symptoms appear within 4-6 days.

chronic hepatitis appears as a result of repeated ingestion of poison, not large doses, which does not resemble liver cells, may appear after a few months. Symptoms acute hepatitis- pronounced, the disease is difficult, the patient needs to be hospitalized quickly, and with untimely help, the disease can lead to death. Chronic hepatitis does not develop immediately, the symptoms appear gradually, if the cause is not removed, then they are complicated by liver failure and the appearance of cirrhosis.

Causes and treatment of toxic hepatitis

Ingestion of toxic substances can be accidental, professional or intentional. Harmful substances enter the body different ways. Through the digestive tract, the respiratory system.

Through the body, poisons can also enter the bloodstream and then the liver. Getting into the blood, some liver poisons have a direct effect on liver cells disrupting her life and work. Some types of poisons also disrupt blood circulation in the vessels that feed the liver, which leads to a lack of oxygen in the cells and their death, with further disruption of the liver.

Liver poisons have different origins

Industrial poisons enter the body through the skin or during inhalation, when large doses are ingested, an acute infection of the liver occurs with the necrosis of its cells and replacement by fat cells, with frequent hit small doses, chronic hepatitis appears.

phosphorus - found in fertilizers, used for metal processing;
insecticides - used in rural industry to control various insects;
arsenic - formed in metallurgical plants;
chlorine hydrocarbons - components of oil;
pesticides - used in rural industry to kill weeds;
phenols - are found in antiseptics used for disinfection;
aldehydes are used in industry for the manufacture of acetic acid.

Alcohol is constant and overuse alcohol, especially Bad quality, create liver toxicity. 50 grams of alcohol per day for men, and up to 30 grams for women are safe doses At high doses, alcohol has a toxic effect.

All alcohol taken from digestive tract passes to the liver, where it is actively processed. The main component of the conversion of alcohol in the liver is its association with the enzyme dehydrogenase. As a result of the enzymatic conversion of alcohol, acetaldehyde is released. He is pretty toxic substance, under its influence, violations occur different reactions in the liver. There is an accumulation of acids and the replacement of liver cells with a tissue of fats.

Plant poisons have a hepatotropic effect (they act directly on the liver cell, disrupting the vital activity of the organ and replacing it with fat tissue), resulting in acute hepatitis.

Hepatitis symptoms

Symptoms of acute toxic hepatitis

In mild forms, it can pass with virtually no symptoms, it manifests itself only during a group examination. In more severe forms toxic hepatitis can appear in the form of such symptoms:

Symptoms of chronic toxic hepatitis:

Heaviness in the right hypochondrium, due to an increase in the size of the liver;
Short medium pains in the right hypochondrium, worse after eating;
Increase in the size of the spleen and liver;
Vomiting, nausea, bitterness in the mouth, loss of appetite, diarrhea, bloating, these symptoms develop due to impaired bile output;
subfebrile temperature 37–37.50 degrees;
Itching on the body, the body itches due to the accumulation of bile acids;
Apathy, fatigue.

These symptoms may periodically subside (remission), and reappear.

Complications of toxic hepatitis

In mild forms, hepatitis is completely cured. In other forms, it can be complicated by the following diseases:

Liver failure is necrosis of liver cells and, a violation of its functions and their replacement with fat cells, is determined by the following symptoms:

Hepatic encephalopathy, appears in violation of the toxic work of the liver;
Jaundice;
swelling;
body weight loss;
Bleeding.

Cirrhosis of the liver, chronic illness resulting in the death of liver cells and their replacement with fatty acids.

Hepatic coma, violation of the liver, reflexes, consciousness, the result can be fatal.

First you need to remove contact with the poison. In order to prevent the passage of poison into the blood, and subsequently into the liver, it must be removed from the stomach with the help of artificial vomiting. To weaken the effect of poison on the gastric walls, you can use a decoction of flax seeds or milk. In the presence of high temperature You can put cold compresses on your head. While you are doing all this, urgently call ambulance, or go to the toxicology department in the hospital for treatment.

With the manifestation of symptoms of acute toxic hepatitis, the patient must be urgently hospitalized to the hospital, where they will be carried out under the supervision of a doctor, such methods of treatment:

Herbal hepatoprotectors for the treatment of toxic hepatitis

These drugs increase the resistance of the liver to negative impacts(drugs, alcohol, poisons). Strengthen the neutralizing hepatic function and accelerate the recovery of infected cells.

Preparation Liv 52

Ingredients: prickly marques, common chicory, western cassia, common yarrow, black nightshade, terminal arjuna, gallic tamarix.

Activates enzymes (acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, cytochrome P450, etc.) involved in the removal of toxic substances. Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase reduces the damaging effects of alcohol and promotes its release.

Struggling with negative impact free radicals.
Components activate the production of substances that reduce the work of free radicals. Free radicals are damaging healthy cells, accelerate their aging and necrosis.
Choleretic action.

A drug activates the supply of bile by the liver cells and promotes the excretion of bile through the ducts. Excess fats and toxic substances are excreted with bile.

Anti-inflammatory action.

The effect is achieved through the effect of the active elements of the drug on inflammatory factors . So nightshade extract reduces the appearance of leukotrienes, substances that are responsible for the formation of inflammatory and allergic reactions.

Essentiale Forte

Normalizes the hepatic metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids, increases its neutralizing effect. Promotes healing of the liver after damage from toxic hepatitis, prevents the appearance of scar cells in it. The preparation is based on special fats extracted from soybeans.

The effects of the drug and the mechanism of action in toxic hepatitis:

Restores and strengthens liver cells.
Special fats enter damaged liver cells, which activates the restoration of its functional ability and integrity.
Reduces the amount of fat in the blood.
This effect It is achieved by reducing cholesterol in the liver, reducing its absorption in the stomach and increasing its excretion with bile.
Reduces the appearance of scar tissue in the liver.

A drug activates an enzyme that inhibits main constituent of scar tissue.

The effectiveness of Essentiale in alcoholic toxic hepatitis:

Summarizing

Summing up, it must be said that the liver is very important organ in a person. Moreover, it is only one of all organs that can be completely cleansed. Moreover, it happens in October and March. Therefore, during these months, you should especially carefully monitor your diet and give up bad habits.

The liver in our body is the most amazing and unpretentious organ. She performs over 400 various functions, while it is the main barrier between the blood coming from the intestines and all other organs. Hepatocyte cells process the incoming material, synthesize substances necessary for the whole body from it, remove and neutralize poisons and toxins.

Having a huge ability to recover, the liver, nevertheless, is subject to destructive influence. harmful substances if they come in quantities she finds difficult to handle. In this case, inflammation of the liver develops - hepatitis, and hepatocyte cells partially die and are destroyed. What is toxic hepatitis, what factors cause it and how is this disease treated?

What is toxic hepatitis

effects of chemicals on the liver

Acute toxic hepatitis develops as a result of ingestion of a small amount potent poison or weak irritants, but in high concentrations. Typically, toxins enter through gastrointestinal tract, less often through Airways and skin cover.
Chronic hepatitis occurs due to chronic exposure to small doses of a toxin over a long period of time. Diseases related to hepatitis have the ICD-10 code under the number K71 (toxic liver damage). alcohol disease The liver is separated into an independent group and has the code K70.

Can toxic hepatitis be contagious? No, it's exclusive therapeutic disease caused by the influence of an external chemical factor for a certain person. Group disease occurs only if all patients are simultaneously exposed to the toxin ( food poisoning, industrial accidents).

Causes of toxic hepatitis

According to statistics, the most common cause of toxic hepatitis in Russia is alcohol abuse, as well as subsequent uncontrolled intake medicines to relieve hangover.

Drug-induced toxic hepatitis develops as a result of a single dose of a large dose of drugs or long-term treatment, even under medical supervision. Among the most dangerous for the liver medicines include the following groups:

antipyretic;
anti-tuberculosis;
sulfonamides;
antiviral;
anticonvulsants.

Separately, hepatitis can be distinguished after chemotherapy with cancer. Cytotoxic drugs used for growth suppression cancer cells, have a negative effect on all organs and tissues, primarily on the liver. After chemotherapy, a blood test is required to monitor the condition biochemical processes in the liver. Depending on the results, a diet and rehabilitation treatment are prescribed.

Another cause of toxic hepatitis are industrial poisons. This group of substances can poison the body both through the digestive tract, and by contact with the skin or inhalation of polluted air. Major hepato toxic substances applied in modern industry, are:

pesticides, including insecticides;
chlorinated hydrocarbons (petroleum products);
phenols;
aldehydes;
phosphorus;
arsenic.

Another large group of toxins that have destructive action on the liver - poisons plant origin:

death cap;
cross;
heliotrope;
bitter.

Poisoning with plant poisons usually occurs as a result of improper mushroom picking or self-medication with herbs of unknown origin.

Symptoms of acute and chronic toxic hepatitis

Symptoms of toxic hepatitis will vary slightly depending on the nature of the disease. At acute course the first signs usually appear after 2–4 days, less often after 12–24 hours (for example, in case of poisoning with a pale toadstool).

Acute toxic hepatitis is accompanied by the following symptoms:

At chronic course disease symptoms may periodically appear and disappear:

The liver increases in size, a blood test reveals an increase in bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase, the level of AST and ALT enzymes changes. It is necessary to carry out additional research to exclude other forms of hepatitis, especially infectious ones.

Treatment of toxic hepatitis

Treatment for toxic hepatitis consists of fast removal poison from the body symptomatic therapy and creation optimal conditions for liver regeneration. For this, hepatoprotective substances are used. As a rule, these are vitamins, enzymes and herbal products.

Treatment of toxic hepatitis with folk remedies

Treatment of toxic hepatitis folk remedies can only be used under medical supervision. Help relieve nausea and normalize liver function:

juice from sauerkraut;
infusion of mint;
grapefruit juice;
infusion of horseradish roots;
decoction of calendula;
juice and pulp of pumpkin.

Diet plays an important role in the treatment of liver diseases. It is the main stimulus for regeneration, since it allows you to eliminate the impact adverse factors and create conditions for quick recovery providing the liver with all essential substances. You should also minimize the intake of all medications. There is a saying: " The best pill for the liver, this is the absence of any pill, ”and it is close to the truth!

Diet for toxic hepatitis of the liver

What diet should be followed for toxic liver hepatitis? Exclude all foods that are difficult for digestion:

You can not eat fatty, spicy, fried. Food is steamed, baked or boiled.

IN daily diet must include:

It is also good to drink green tea, a decoction of dried fruits, there are figs and green vegetables.

Nutrition for toxic hepatitis should be carried out in small portions, 5-6 times a day. It is advisable to adhere to the principle separate power supply: do not mix protein and carbohydrate foods in one go, and eat fruits separately from everything.

Forecast

In general, with timely diagnosis and proper treatment the prognosis is favorable. The liver has an exceptional ability to regenerate and easily restores up to 75% of dead cells.

An unfavorable outcome may be as a result of acute injury with a large dose of poison and a delay medical care(for example, the poison of the pale toadstool causes the first signs of poisoning to appear after the liver has been exposed to it).

Chronic toxic hepatitis can be complicated by cirrhosis of the liver - the replacement of functional hepatocyte cells with scar tissue. This usually happens as a result of the constant exposure of the liver to toxins, when the poison does not allow the cells to recover normally, for example, when drinking alcohol.

Toxic hepatitis - non-contagious disease liver, which occurs as a result of poisoning the body with chemicals: alcohol, drugs, plant poisons and industrial toxins. The disease is accompanied by pain in the right hypochondrium, nausea, indigestion, fever. In the treatment of toxic hepatitis, it is important to exclude the impact of the destructive factor, quickly remove the poison from the body and create favorable conditions to restore the liver. To do this, they take hepatoprotective drugs and follow a sparing diet.

Many factors can cause liver damage. But only the development of toxic hepatitis involves the impact on the body of chemical compounds.

The disease is not contagious, but can provoke the development serious violations. Therefore, it is worth considering in more detail what toxic hepatitis is, its main symptoms and treatment.

For pathological process characterized by acute or chronic forms.

In the first case, the toxic chemical has an affinity for hepatocytes and provokes their death after 3-4 days. In the absence of help, the prognosis is poor.

Chronic toxic hepatitis occurs with repeated contact with small doses of poison. It is possible to work with chemicals for many years before the first signs of illness appear.

Etiological factors

Toxins enter the body through respiratory system, digestive tract, skin.

It is customary to allocate the following reasons toxic hepatitis:

Medicines, chemotherapy. If the patient has a history of chronic pathologies and is forced to constantly take drugs, then toxic hepatitis of the liver may occur. Pathology also occurs with uncontrolled intake of drugs. following groups: antibacterial, anti-tuberculosis, anticonvulsants (barbiturates), non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and chemotherapy drugs.
Alcohol. Frequent use leads to an increase in iron absorption and its deposition in hepatocytes. This process causes the formation of free radicals and the gradual destruction cell membranes. Toxic alcoholic hepatitis often develops when drinking alcohol outside of meals.
Industrial poisons: arsenic, phosphorus, pesticides and insecticides, aldehydes, carbon tetrachloride, phenols;
Drugs. Etiological factor occurs in severely addicted people taking multiple drugs;
Poisons natural origin. In this group are the toxins of fungi and weeds, the action of which is directed directly to the liver.

Types of toxic hepatitis

Depending on the type of poisonous compound, it is customary to divide the pathology into the following types:

drug-induced hepatitis;
professional uniform;
alcoholic hepatitis.

Find out if hepatitis is contagious.

It is important to remember that toxic hepatitis is contagious when the disease is transmitted through oral-genital contact.

In this case, a person can become infected by touching the remains stool sick. This indicates the development of alimentary-toxic hepatitis.

Symptoms of the disease

Symptoms of hepatitis are determined by the form of pathology.

Clinical picture of acute hepatitis

In mild cases, an asymptomatic course is characteristic. However, in general, acute toxic hepatitis causes the following symptoms:

occurrence pain syndrome in the area of the right hypochondrium;
decreased appetite;
high body temperature;
bouts of nausea and vomiting;
weakness and apathy;
impaired orientation and slight dizziness;
joint pain;
minor nosebleeds, small hemorrhages on the surface of the skin;
tremor of the limbs;
lethargy or an excited state;
yellowness of the sclera and skin;
urine takes on a dark tint;
feces are discolored, have a greasy sheen;
the liver is enlarged due to inflammatory process and replacement of cells with adipose tissue.

Clinical picture of the chronic form

The disease is characterized by a gradual development and increase in the clinical picture. Characteristic the following symptoms toxic hepatitis:

the temperature is slightly increased - no more than 37.5 ° C;
periodic pain, which is characterized by aggravation after eating;
weakness, increased fatigue;
heaviness in the abdomen;
symptoms of a dyspeptic disorder that develop as a result of a violation of the outflow of bile: nausea and vomiting,
flatulence, diarrhea, bitter taste in the oral cavity;
pruritus;
an increase in the size of some digestive organs: the liver and spleen.

This symptomatology occurs during an exacerbation of the disease, then subsides during remission.

Stages of the disease

The following main stages of the development of the disease are distinguished:

Latent period. It begins with the entry of toxic substances into the body and continues until symptoms appear.
Stage of acute clinical manifestations. Appear the following signs toxic liver damage: jaundice, fever, weight loss, weakness and loss of appetite, dyspeptic disorders. This stage is characterized by damage to vital organs.
exit stage. This is the interval from the most detailed clinical picture to recovery or lethal outcome.

Consequences

Identify positive and negative consequences liver damage. With timely diagnosis and treatment, recovery occurs. However, in advanced cases, the development of liver failure, liver dystrophy is possible.

Complications of toxic hepatitis

What is dangerous pathology? In a severe course of the disease, the development of such disorders is characteristic:

Liver failure. It develops against the background of the death of hepatocytes, their replacement with adipose tissue. The functionality of the liver is impaired and the following signs develop: edema, bleeding, jaundice, weight loss, encephalopathy (the occurrence of mental and neuromuscular disorders).
Cirrhosis of the liver. The disease is a chronic pathology that involves the death of hepatocytes and their gradual replacement by connective tissue cells.
Hepatic coma. It is a progressive pathology of the liver and central nervous system. The patient has confusion, convulsions, impaired reflexes. May lead to death.

recovery prognosis

Generally timely diagnosis And proper therapy helps to completely cure the disease. Therefore, the prognosis is favorable.

However acute lesion digestive organ large doses of a toxic substance, combined with the absence qualified assistance physicians can be fatal.

Features of the disease in childhood

Toxic hepatitis in children is diagnosed much less frequently. The cause of the pathology is the accidental penetration of toxic compounds into the liver of the child due to the carelessness of the parents, against the background of the use medications, in case of poisoning by plants, mushrooms. Characteristically severe course pathology in a child. With absence medical treatment death is possible.

Children tend to develop an acute form of the disease, clinical picture identical to adult symptoms.

Treatment of toxic hepatitis should be aimed at preventing serious disorders in the liver and the body as a whole.

The prognosis is mostly unfavorable.

Diagnosis of toxic hepatitis

To confirm the diagnosis, a comprehensive examination is required:

the attending physician must conduct a survey and examination;
laboratory research: conducting general analysis urine and blood, coprograms, biochemical research blood;
instrumental techniques: radiography, ultrasound of the digestive tract, liver, if necessary.

Features of treatment

Therapy involves the termination of contact with toxic agents and their speedy elimination, elimination unpleasant symptoms and regeneration of hepatocytes (the liver is able to independently restore up to 75% of damaged cells).

Medical therapy

In the treatment of toxic hepatitis, drugs with a hepatoprotective effect are widely used:

Sirepar,
Hepaphid,
Essentiale,
Hepatosan,
Hepel,
silegon,
Silimar.

These drugs stimulate the synthesis of endogenous phospholipids, have anti-inflammatory and choleretic effects. With hepatitis, a long course of treatment with these drugs is required - up to 6-7 months.

Features of dietary nutrition

Treatment of toxic hepatitis is impossible without medical nutrition. It will launch regenerative processes provides the body with nutrients.

Dietary nutrition for hepatitis involves eating 6 times a day, eat in small portions. All food should be at a moderate temperature.

What not to eat with toxic hepatitis

The diet for toxic hepatitis involves the exclusion from the patient's diet of such products:

pastries and black bread;
fatty meats (lamb, duck) and fish (catfish, cod);
salo;
mushrooms;
fried, spicy, too salty and smoked foods;
canned products;
vegetables and fruits without heat treatment;
coffee, cocoa, chocolate and products based on them;
carbonated and alcoholic drinks.

What can you eat with toxic hepatitis

It is allowed to take cereals boiled in water, boiled or stewed vegetables, soufflé and cutlets from meat and fish low-fat varieties, baked fruits, boiled pasta, puree soups.

Folk remedies

Is it possible to use a medicine based on folk recipes? The use of such drugs for treatment is possible only under control medical staff. With the disease, the following remedies help well:

sauerkraut or grapefruit juice;
infusion of mint or horseradish roots;
pumpkin pulp.

Preventive actions

Prevention of toxic hepatitis comes down to preventing contact with toxic substances. If toxic hepatitis occurs in a person who works in a hazardous industry, then a job change is necessary, you can retire.

The disease occurs in a chronic or acute form. Acute toxic hepatitis occurs when a large concentration of toxic substances enters the body at the same time. Clinical manifestations in this case, they appear literally on the second or third day and are distinctly pronounced. Chronic toxic hepatitis is a consequence of long-term poisoning of the liver with toxic substances that enter the human body in small quantities. Symptoms of such a disease can appear months, and even years after the onset of toxic agents entering the body.

Acute and chronic form pathologies are dangerous for human life. Firstly, because such a disease can lead to, and also because it can develop, followed by liver failure. That is, in any case, without treatment, the prognosis of the course of the disease is unfavorable, and the likelihood of a fatal outcome is very high. Especially dangerous for humans is drug-induced toxic hepatitis caused by long-term use medicines, in particular antibiotics.

Causes

As mentioned above, the disease occurs due to the action of toxic agents on liver cells. At the same time, the entry of poison into the body can be caused by the professional activity of a person - that is, the body is poisoned when a person works in adverse conditions. Also, poisons can enter the human body intentionally - when he himself uses them for the purpose of suicide, or when someone offers him to use them intentionally, for the purpose of murder. By the way, the use of liver poisons in order to commit a criminal act is an extremely common way to take a person's life, therefore, when autopsy of dead people, the doctor carefully examines the liver cells, trying to detect traces of poison in them.

Another way that toxic substances enter the body is by accident. That is, when a person does not understand that the use of a particular substance can harm his health. This is how drug-induced hepatitis usually appears - a person uses various medical preparations long time, not knowing that they are causing irreparable damage to his liver cells.

For liver cells, poisons are:

many medicines;
alcohol;
poisons contained in plants and fungi;
components on industrial productions, in particular insecticides, arsenic, phosphorus, pesticides and others.

Note that drug-induced hepatitis occurs due to different reasons. One of them is the above - long-term use drugs leading to chronic poisoning. However, acute toxic hepatitis can also occur with a single administration of drugs, especially intramuscularly or intravenously. In addition, inhalation of toxic drugs is considered very dangerous, as this causes acute drug-induced hepatitis very quickly.

Toxic hepatitis is not contagious, although under certain conditions it can infect other people. In particular, oral sex can cause infection if toxic agent is found in fragments of fecal masses transmitted from a sick person to a healthy person during oral sex. But in fairness, it should be noted that this method of infection is quite rare, so we can assume that toxic hepatitis cannot be transmitted from person to person.

Symptoms

If it's about chronic pathology, then it can be asymptomatic for a long time. Therefore, when the signs of the disease appear, it is already striking. a large number of liver cells, which is fraught with serious conditions. In the acute form, the signs usually appear quickly, so diagnosing the pathology in this case is much easier.

The characteristic symptoms of toxic hepatitis are as follows:

the appearance of small hemorrhages on the skin (petechiae);
dark urine;
discoloration of feces;
yellowing of mucous membranes and skin;
frequent nosebleeds and hemorrhages.

A person with such a diagnosis may experience skin itching, he loses weight, up to, complains of bitterness in the mouth and belching, and other symptoms of indigestion. As the process progresses, more and more severe symptoms such as vomiting, fever with impaired general condition, acute or dull pain in the right hypochondrium, as well as signs psycho-emotional disorder(clouding of consciousness, hallucinations, loss of consciousness and even coma).

Extremely severe conditions can cause death of a person, so it is so important to diagnose the disease in a timely manner and prescribe treatment.

Diagnosis and treatment

It is impossible to make a diagnosis of toxic hepatitis with only one examination of the patient and the collection of his anamnesis, although given the specifics of his professional activity, the disease can still be suspected. Therefore, diagnostics uses methods such as ultrasound, CT and MRI. But the most significant are laboratory methods, allowing to determine the level of bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, AST and ALT, as well as gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase.

Treatment of toxic hepatitis is to remove toxic substances from the body. Therefore, patients with this diagnosis are shown bed rest and gastric lavage. In addition, they are prescribed enterosorbents to remove poisons from the intestines, and the introduction of intravenous drugs that also remove toxins. It is mandatory to take hepatoprotectors that protect liver cells and restore them - Heptral, Essentiale and others.

In addition, the treatment of toxic hepatitis involves taking vitamins that increase overall immunity, and choleretic drugs that can speed up the process of removing poisons. If the patient has drug-induced toxic hepatitis, or if it is known which poisons caused the disease, it is necessary to urgently stop the flow of medicines or other substances into the body, since without this the treatment will not have an effect. In some cases, antidotes are shown to neutralize certain toxic substances. And of course, the patient is shown a certain diet - protein-free.

Some people treat toxic hepatitis with folk remedies. However, all the methods that can be used to treat this disease at home are effective only on initial stages diseases. In particular, one can artificially induce vomiting to rid the stomach of poisons, or apply cold compress on the forehead in order to remove the temperature.

But folk treatment can never replace drug therapy, and therefore such methods can only be undertaken with the aim of supporting the body until the moment when the person can go to the doctor. Moreover, such methods are usually effective only when acute poisoning- at chronic man does not understand what caused his poor health.

If a person has developed drug-induced hepatitis, he will also need artificial induction of vomiting, but due to the fact that such a pathology occurs only with prolonged exposure to poisons on the liver, others folk methods treatments will be useless and only in a hospital can a person's life be saved.