How to open a physical office. What is physiotherapy

Naumenko Dmitry

City subsidies for school students

Miziev Khamzat

The need to equalize the subsidies allocated by the city for all school students, regardless of whether the school is public or private.

I am writing to you as the mother of a “special” disabled child. There are many such children now. Taking into account their individual characteristics and in order to provide proper psychological and pedagogical support, our families are forced to turn to private educational institutions. Our school does everything possible for us, but unfortunately its resources are not always sufficient. My wish as a mother, taxpayer and voter is that subsidies need to be leveled to ensure social equality allocated by the city for school students, regardless of whether the school is public or private.

Garbuzovsky Maxim

Receiving subsidies for private educational organizations

To ensure social equality for Moscow residents, it is necessary to equalize the subsidies allocated by the city for school students, regardless of whether the school is public or private. Now students in private schools are allocated 2-2.5 times less subsidies. Please look into this issue! Best regards, Maxim.

Goncharenko Alexey

Increasing budget funding for private schools

To ensure social equality of residents, it is necessary to equalize the subsidies allocated by the city for school students, regardless of whether the school is public or private. Now private school students are allocated 2-2.5 times less.

Volokhov Victor

Equalize government subsidies for public private schools.

I, the father of two schoolchildren, one adopted child in the family, are writing to you about making a decision on state support for private educational institutions on a par with state ones, which will improve the quality of education.

Vorobyova Katya

equal rights to budget financing of public and private schools

Private schools, like public schools, fulfill state orders in the education system and have state accreditation. All children are equal citizens of the Russian Federation. To ensure social equality of residents, it is necessary to equalize the subsidies allocated by the city for school students, regardless of whether the school is public or private. Now private school students are allocated 2-2.5 times less. By law, private schools must have equal rights with public schools to budget funding.

Lepeshkina Dilyara

budget funding of private schools

I work in a private school, where children with disabilities study and socialize, in addition to ordinary children. Such children need special attention. But we don’t have all the resources.... And all of our children are equal citizens of the Russian Federation, we are conscientious taxpayers. Schools fulfill state orders in the education system and have state accreditation. Logically and by law, we should have equal rights to budget funding.

Solovyeva Inessa

Western Degunino

Increasing subsidies for private schools

Dear Sergey Semyonovich, We kindly ask you to consider the possibility of increasing subsidies for children studying in private schools. Currently, the difference between the amounts allocated for children studying in private and public schools is significant: 63 thousand rubles. versus 140 thousand rubles. per year accordingly. We have very good school, one of the best in the Northern Administrative Okrug, but training there costs a lot. For our family, the quality of education is the main thing, and we hope that the costs will later pay off. We are trying to raise a worthy citizen, and a citizen of our country. It would be important for us if we felt your support too. Thank you in advance.

Private schools must have budget funding

Dear Sergei Semyonovich, I am writing to you about budget financing of private schools. I work as a teacher and pay my taxes conscientiously. Our school is state accredited. My desire as a taxpayer and voter is to equalize the city's subsidies for private and public school students.

Stolyarchuk Leonid

Budgetary financing of private education: equality of subsidies

Ban on tourist buses in the historical center

Ivanov Vova

Fewer tour buses in the center
Especially to Red Square, you can’t drive up or go near it!

Volkov Andrey
Khamovniki

Frunzenskaya embankment killed by buses with Chinese tourists, they accumulate up to 40 cars and they all stand with their engines running, there’s simply nothing to breathe.
There should be a designated area for buses...

Moscow has its own brand and style with access to the international arena
- Altunina Ola
  
  Moscow has its own brand and style with access to the international arena
  Moscow is a tourist capital that still does not have its own brand. Creating a city brand primarily affects the residents themselves. This determines who they will feel like and whether they will support and become involved in the implementation of the city’s brand positioning strategy. What urban problems does this project solve: Increasing the tourist flow from foreign countries; Creation of an identical urban environment; Debunking stereotypical thinking in relation to Moscow as a city with high salaries and the headquarters of the Federal Government; Solving the problem of foreigners’ lack of awareness of Moscow as a tourist destination. Project progress: Stage 1 - holding a national competition for the city’s logo and slogan, which will be used as the officially approved brand of Moscow. Since past attempts to create an official brand of the city failed, including due to its creation “from above” and “professionally and expensively,” it is the people’s competition that will attract the population’s attention to the course of the competition, which will force them to complete what they started. At the same time, the estimated costs for the national competition are less than the fee for the brand offered to organizations that participated in the tender in previous times. Stage 2 - promotion of the new Moscow brand in Russia and abroad, active work on PR in the international arena in the field of tourism ( in many countries, even in Europe, they really don’t know anything about Moscow!). This involves creating souvenirs and media products, as well as working with the media and other channels for promoting the city. Why is the “I Love Moscow” project not the same? Because the slogan is taken from the famous New York brand “I love NY”, and stands in the shape of a check mark depicting this “Moscow brand” are distributed throughout Russia. Thus, one gets the feeling that Moscow is saving on the development of its unique symbol, which in fact cannot compete with other city and regional brands. The payback of this project is possible not only by attracting sponsors and investors, but also by selling souvenirs of its own production with using the Moscow brand, especially on goods produced at Moscow enterprises. And in conclusion. St. Petersburg has its own brand. Yekaterinburg does the same. Omsk has it, Irkutsk, Yeisk, Penza and Ryazan. Uryupinsk is officially the "provincial capital". What about Moscow? Maybe we can fix it?
  
  Pension Fund
  - Serov Sergey
    Khamovniki

Relevance of the issue

Physiotherapy is a branch of medicine that studies the effects physical factors on the human body. There are many hardware physiotherapeutic methods - electrical, light, heat, hydrotherapy using special devices, etc.

Physiotherapeutic treatment can reduce the number of complicated forms of diseases, speed up the recovery process, and reduce the medication load.

Physiotherapeutic methods are effective, well tolerated by the body and safe. They have been used since ancient times, and to this day their demand and development trends in this area are obvious.

Physiotherapeutic procedures are carried out in a specially equipped room (order of the USSR Ministry of Health dated December 21, 1984 to Regulation No. 4 “On the physiotherapy department (office) of a medical institution”). Besides, modern offices equipped with devices approved by the Committee on New medical equipment Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. They must have a quality certificate and registration documents.

Where to open an office

Usually it is opened at the base medical institution- hospitals, sanatoriums, dispensaries, centers with at least 50 beds. The office also operates on the basis of a clinic if it has at least 10 outpatient doctors.

Staff

The office is staffed by a physiotherapist and a nurse.

The doctor has a higher medical education (specialization in general medicine or pediatrics) and has undergone special training in physiotherapy. He receives patients, prescribes the necessary procedures, evaluates the effectiveness of treatment, maintains documentation and is responsible for the work of the office.

The nurse has a secondary medical education and has completed training in physiotherapy. She carries out the procedures prescribed by the doctor and also prepares the patient for them; monitors the serviceability of equipment and safety precautions (grounding, insulation, etc.). During the entire procedure, the nurse stays next to the patient and monitors his condition.

It also takes care of the equipment and prevents overloads, dampness, and dust, which can lead to malfunction of the devices.

Premises requirements

A room with an area of at least 30 square meters must be allocated for a physiotherapy room. m. One couch accounts for a minimum of 6 square meters. m, and if there is only one couch in the office, then at least 12 sq. m.

The treatment room is equipped with isolated cabins for patients. The cabin dimensions are 2 m high, 2.2 m long, 1.8–2 m wide. The cabin is designed for only one stationary device or several portable ones.

Cabin frames are made of wooden or plastic racks or metal pipes. Metal structures must be insulated from stone floors and walls using a special material.

A separate shielded room or cabin is allocated for the installation of stationary UHF and microwave devices.

Another room is allocated for storing and processing materials (pads), preparing medicinal solutions for procedures, and performing preparatory procedures. The box must be isolated from the main room, its area is at least 8 square meters. m. Here they install a drying hood, sinks, a medical cabinet, washing machine, disinfection boilers and work table.

Safety precautions

Treatment in the office must be safe for patients and staff. Therefore, safety must be taken care of even at the stage of designing the office and performing repair work.

The floor is covered with a material that does not generate static electricity, such as wood or special linoleum.

The walls to a height of 2 m are painted with light-colored oil paint, and the rest with adhesive paint. It is prohibited to cover walls with ceramic tiles.

A switchboard with a common switch is installed in each room of the office, and a starting panel is installed in each procedure cabin.

The wires must be flexible, well insulated, intact, and the electrical wiring must be sealed.

Devices in metal cases of 01st and 1st electrical safety classes must be grounded (grounded).

At least once a week, a physical technician conducts a preventive inspection of all devices. The nurse monitors the timeliness of checks and notes them in the registration log.

It is necessary to install a supply and exhaust ventilation system in the office.

Physiotherapeutic equipment

There are many types of physical therapy office equipment. Therefore, it is selected depending on the specifics of the treatment carried out in a medical institution.

Standardly, the offices are equipped with devices for UHF and microwave therapy, magnetic, electro-sound and laser therapy, electrophoresis, galvanization apparatus, Darsonval, mercury-quartz irradiator, Sollux, inhalers.

Developers offer physiotherapeutic complexes that perform the functions of several devices at once and provide electric pulse, wave, magnetic and other types of physical effects.

In addition to the equipment, the office needs: a gala inhaler, an ultrasound inhaler, a tonometer, UV irradiators (for the nasopharynx and closed), a paraffin heater, and a treatment clock.

All devices are installed at a remote distance from the couch or blocked with a non-conductive shield.

Necessary furniture

The physiotherapy room is equipped with special furniture. Minimum required: examination couches separated by screens; cabinets for appliances, a desk, a storage cabinet and a fume hood.

Couches are selected depending on what procedures will be performed. For example, comfortable ergonomic models are needed for electric sleep, massage or acupuncture.

Rubber gloves, a stopwatch, a measuring tape, and safety glasses are stored in the table.

All equipment and furniture must meet quality and safety standards and requirements.

Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine

Open International University of Human Development “Ukraine”

Gorlovka branch

TEST

discipline: Fundamentals of physiotherapy

TOPIC: “Organization of physiotherapeutic care

to the population"

Performed:

Milyaeva Anastasia Valentinovna

1. Design, equipment and equipment of a physiotherapy room

1.1 Safety and health instructions for the physiotherapy department (office)

2. Organization of the work of the physiotherapy room

3. General rules carrying out physiotherapeutic procedures

1. Design, equipment and equipment of a physiotherapy room

To provide physiotherapeutic care in all medical and preventive, sanatorium and resort institutions and rehabilitation centers Physiotherapeutic departments (offices) are organized.

Depending on the capacity of the treatment and prevention institution, it can either use separate devices for physiotherapy, or create physiotherapy rooms or physiotherapy departments. Physiotherapeutic rooms are designed to provide basic types of electrical, light and heat treatment. Physiotherapeutic departments are created on the basis of large multidisciplinary hospitals, clinics, rehabilitation centers, sanatoriums and are capable of providing the entire volume of physiotherapeutic care. They also usually include reflexology, massage and manual therapy rooms.

According to this standard, the area of electrotherapy and light therapy rooms must be at least 6 m2 per couch, and if there is one couch, at least 12 m2. The room for performing abdominal procedures is allocated separately, the area is for one gynecological chair-- 18 m 2 . The floor should be wooden or covered with special linoleum that does not generate static electricity. The walls of the premises are painted with light-colored oil paint to a height of 2 m; for the rest of the walls and ceiling, adhesive paint is used. Wall cladding with ceramic tiles is prohibited.

For medical procedures cabins are equipped, the frames of which are made of plastic or well-polished wooden racks or of metal (nickel-plated or oil-painted) pipes. In the latter case, metal structures must be isolated from stone walls and floors by installing flanges made of insulating material. Dimensions of cabins: height - 2 m, length - 2.2 m, width - 1.8-2.0 m. Only one stationary physiotherapy device should be installed in each cabin; There may be several small portable devices. Stationary devices for UHF and microwave therapy are located in specially equipped shielded rooms or cabins.

The electrotherapy room must have a special insulated box with an area of at least 8 m2 for preparatory work, storage and processing of pads, preparation of medicinal solutions, etc., equipped with a drying hood, washing sinks, a work table, a medical cabinet, and disinfection boilers. , washing machine.

In each room for electrolight therapy, in an easily accessible place, a group panel is installed with a common switch or starter with a designated “on-off” position. In each treatment cabin, a starting panel is installed to connect devices at a height of 1.6 m from the floor level. Wires used to connect devices to the network must be made of flexible cable. Wires extending from the device to the patient must have high-quality insulation, and its integrity must be checked before each use. Electrical wiring and starting devices in areas associated with the conduct of water procedures, are made of special materials that ensure tightness. Each of the premises used for procedures has certain requirements. They relate to the size of the room, supply and exhaust ventilation devices, placement of devices, etc. All devices with electrical safety class 01 and I are subject to mandatory grounding (grounding).

Safety instructions should be posted in a visible place in the office.

1.1 Safety and health instructions for the physiotherapy department (office)

1. Before starting work, the nurse must check the serviceability of all therapeutic devices and grounding wires. If defects are detected, she must inform the doctor about this and make a record of the detected defects in the control and technical journal. Until the defect is eliminated, it is prohibited to carry out procedures on a faulty device.

2. Metal grounded housings of devices during procedures with contact application of electrodes should be installed out of reach of the patient.

3. It is prohibited to use radiators of the heating system, water pipes and sewer pipes as grounding. They should be covered with wooden casings painted with oil paint.

4. Before turning on the device, check that all switches are in their original positions. Changing the impact parameters or turning off the device is only permissible when the amplitude or intensity knobs are in the zero position.

5. It is strictly forbidden to troubleshoot, change fuses or wipe the panels of devices connected to the network. Non-working devices must not be left connected to the network.

6. When carrying out ultraviolet and laser irradiation It is necessary to protect the eyes of patients and medical personnel with dark-colored glasses and side protective (leather or rubber) frames. Do not look towards the primary and reflected laser beam.

7. The mercury-quartz irradiator and the Sollux lamp must be installed on the side of the patient to avoid the dangerous fall of hot glass fragments or parts of the lamp (irradiator) in case of accidental breakdowns. The Sollux lamp must be equipped with safety wire mesh with a window with a diameter of 4-5 mm in the outlet of the reflectors.

8. It is prohibited to carry out UHF therapy if the total gap between the tissues and the capacitor plates is more than 6 cm.

9. Before taking a bath (shower), it is necessary to measure her (his) temperature using a thermometer.

10. When heating paraffin (ozokerite) and carrying out thermotherapy procedures, it is necessary to prevent water from getting into it to avoid burns for patients.

11. When carrying out gas baths, it is necessary to protect gas cylinders from impacts and falls. Do not touch oxygen cylinders with objects containing grease or oil.

12. Hydrogen sulfide baths must be carried out in isolated compartments with supply and exhaust ventilation.

14. During the procedures, the nurse has no right to leave the physiotherapy room. She is obliged to constantly monitor the operation of the devices and the condition of the patients.

15. At the end of the working day, all switches, device switches, as well as socket plugs must be disconnected from the network.

16. Medium medical staff, who does not have a specialization in physiotherapy, is not allowed to perform procedures.

17. Repair of physiotherapeutic equipment by random persons is strictly prohibited.

2. Organization of the work of the physiotherapy room

The work of the physiotherapy department (office) is supervised by the head of the department (office), who supervises the therapeutic and preventive work of the staff, ensures the organization of the work of the department (office), equipping it with equipment, is responsible for the correctness of prescriptions and the implementation of treatment procedures, and is responsible for the safety of work on physiotherapy equipment, monitors the proper maintenance of medical records.

The choice of physiotherapeutic method, area of influence, dosage, frequency of exposure and number of procedures are the prerogative of the attending physician, about which he makes an appropriate entry in the medical history or outpatient card. A physiotherapist (rehabilitation doctor) has the right to cancel the attending physician’s prescriptions if they are made without due consideration of contraindications, are incompatible with the physiotherapy already being carried out, or contradict other basic principles of the therapeutic and prophylactic use of physical factors. In this case, assigning the optimal therapeutic complex carried out by a physiotherapist (rehabilitation doctor) together with the attending physician.

After examining the patient, the physiotherapist (rehabilitation doctor) makes detailed entry in the medical history (outpatient card), which indicates the name of the procedure, area of influence, technique, dosage and number of procedures. Based on the appointment, a procedural card of the patient being treated in the physiotherapy department (office), form No. 44u, is filled out. In it, the method and parameters of the impact are indicated for the nurse, and the localization of the impact is graphically marked on the silhouette diagram of the person. In this card, the nurse makes notes on the implementation of each procedure, the actual dosage of the physical factor and the duration of exposure are noted. After completion of the course of treatment, the procedural card is stored for a year. The physiotherapy department (office) must also have the following documentation: a logbook for registering primary patients, a diary for the daily work of a nurse, a logbook for registration of induction training upon hiring, a logbook for on-the-job briefing, a technical maintenance logbook, a passport of the physiotherapy department (office).

Physiotherapeutic procedures are carried out only by average medical workers, past special training and having a certificate of completion of specialization courses in physiotherapy. Some procedures are carried out only by a physiotherapist (rehabilitation doctor). The nurse should prepare the patient for the procedure: briefly introduce its essence and inform about possible sensations during the treatment process, instruct about the rules of behavior during the procedure, help to take the necessary body position, provide, if necessary, protection for the eyes or other areas of the body that are not subject to exposure. During the procedure, the nurse must be in the treatment room, monitor the patient’s condition, and if it worsens, stop the treatment and call a physiotherapist (rehabilitation doctor). She must strictly follow safety rules, know and be able to provide emergency medical care to patients in situations where it is necessary. The responsibilities of the nurse also include keeping records and reporting on the work done. Every 5 years, a physical therapy nurse must undergo advanced training in their specialty.

Since unequal time is spent on performing various procedures, so-called conventional procedural units (CU) have been introduced to account for the work of a physical therapy nurse. By current situation, for 1 USD A job has been accepted that requires 8 minutes to prepare and complete. So, for example, galvanization, UHF therapy, decimeter wave therapy, magnetic therapy are estimated at 1 USD, ultrasound therapy, treatment with dia-dynamic currents - 2, electrosleep - 3, underwater shower-massage - 4 USD . etc. The standard workload for a nurse is 15,000 USD. per year (approximately 50 USD per day for a 6-day work week and 60 USD for a 5-day week).

Preventive inspection of physiotherapy equipment is carried out twice a month, and a corresponding entry is made in the technical maintenance log.

3. General rules for conducting physiotherapeutic procedures

1. Each treatment room must have a work schedule posted in a visible place, which indicates:

a) the time the doctor sees patients;

b) time of procedures in the office;

c) time of procedures in the ward;

d) if the office is designed to serve inpatient and outpatient patients, the hours of reception of these groups of patients are indicated.

2. Each patient should be allocated certain time to carry out the procedure. The order of procedures is determined by the time specified in the procedure card.

4. Before the first procedure, the nurse familiarizes the patient in detail with the rules of conduct during and after the procedure and the nature of the sensations that he will experience during the procedure. Before each following procedure Patients should be briefly reminded of these rules.

5. Where possible, procedures should be performed on patients in a supine position. At the end of the procedure, patients, especially the elderly, should slowly move into vertical position to avoid dizziness.

6. When performing any procedure, the patient should be given a comfortable position. To prevent pain, numbness, and cramps in patients during the procedure, place sandbags under the lower back and knee joints. Patients with cardiac dysfunction and lung disease are given an elevated position of the head and chest during the procedure.

7. To fix the electrodes, it is advisable to allocate bandages for each patient and put them in the closet in special slots indicating the patient’s name. If there is a shortage of bandages, it is necessary to allocate bandages for the face and limbs and store them separately.

8. Patients with infectious diseases(fungal infections, etc.) must be serviced at a specially allocated time with the obligatory use of individual linen.

9. During procedures, wires should not be left directly on the patient’s body.

10. After the procedure, patients should rest for 20-30 minutes.

Bibliography

1. Pankov E.Ya. Physical factors and recovery processes. - Kharkov, 1989. - 48 p.

2. Technique and methodology of physiotherapeutic procedures / Ed. V. M. Bogolyubova.-- M.: Medicine, 1983.--352 p.

3. Physiotherapy: Transl. from Polish /Ed. M. Weiss and A. Zembatogo.-- M.: Medicine, 1985.--496 p.

4. Physical rehabilitation: Textbook for academies and institutes of physical culture / Under the general editorship. prof. S.N. Popova. - Rostov n / D: publishing house "Phoenix", 1999. - 608 p.

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Introduction

Conclusion

Bibliography

Introduction

A physiotherapy room is one of the structural divisions of a medical and preventive institution, which is a complex of auxiliary equipment and equipment that are designed to perform physiotherapeutic procedures.

The organization of a physiotherapy department (office) includes the process of rational placement and arrangement of equipment for subsequent ease of use and safety of procedures.

It is permitted to open a physical therapy office subject to compliance with safety and sanitary standards.

The purpose of the work is to explore all aspects of the organization of a physiotherapy room, the regulatory framework, the basic rights and responsibilities of personnel, and sanitary standards.

Job objectives:

Chapter 1. Department of Physiotherapy. General questions of the organization, as well as a list of documents and regulations of the physiotherapy department (office)

The physiotherapeutic department is a structural unit of an institution for treatment and prevention of inpatient, rehabilitation or outpatient clinic type.

In the physiotherapy department, electric current treatment is carried out with low, ultra-high and high frequencies; electrosleep and ultrasound; laser therapy; microwave therapy, magnetotherapy; as well as heat therapy, hydrotherapy and inhalation.

The necessary premises are provided for all types of treatment.

Physiotherapeutic departments must comply with hygienic and sanitary standards, as well as radiation and fire safety requirements.

The following persons should be allowed to work in the physiotherapy room:

· With high relevant professional qualifications, in accordance with current regulations;

· Those who have undergone instruction and training in the appropriate manner, as well as a knowledge test regarding labor protection requirements

· Past medical checkup

· Not having medical contraindications

In each treatment and prevention institution, if there is a physiotherapy room, there must be a passport of the physiotherapy department. The following documents are also attached to the passport:

· Permission from the Sanitary and Epidemiological Service (SES) to open a physiotherapy office (department) in the institution

· Diagram showing the placement of equipment

· Diagram showing grounding, indicating the depth of grounding, cross-section of wires and material, as well as soldering of joints; including a certificate of testing the effectiveness of grounding, submitted once a year

· Management order medical institution, indicating positions and professions, hazardous working conditions, additional payment for persons working in harmful conditions, in the amount of 15%

· A journal in which a note is made about the current repairs and routine inspection of the physiotherapy room equipment

· Briefing log

· List of nurses

· Instructions for actions in case of fire

· Periodic personnel inspection log

· Procedure log

· Register of primary patients

· List of staff of the medical institution, indicating telephone numbers and addresses

· Nurses' work schedule

· Office work plan

· Job descriptions of nurses and doctors in the physical room

Copies of the following documents are required:

· Copy of the certificate and attachment of the accreditation and licensing commission

· License and protocol

· Act on checking the hygienic and sanitary condition of the department premises

· Annual and monthly reports on the work of nurses and doctors in the physical therapy office

physiotherapy room sanitary standards

The working hours of the physiotherapy room are set from 07.00 to 18.00.

The doctors' workload is five patients per hour, forty per day.

Regulations

· Federal Law "On Compulsory Medical Insurance in the Russian Federation";

· Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated October 4, 2012 No. 1006 “On approval of the Rules for the provision of paid medical services";

· Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of November 28, 2014 No. 1273 “On the program of state guarantees free provision citizens of medical assistance for 2015 and for planning period 2016 and 2017";

· Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of March 6, 2013 No. 186 “On approval of the Rules for the provision of medical care to foreign citizens on the territory of the Russian Federation”;

Chapter 2. Responsibilities of the doctor and nurse in the physiotherapy room

Responsibilities of a physical nurse:

.The need to follow all doctor's orders

2.Prepare equipment in a timely manner and workplace to receive patients

3. Maintain order and cleanliness in the office/department

Monitor the patient's well-being during the procedure

Monitor the operation of the equipment, as well as the time during the procedure

If a deterioration in the patient’s condition is detected, provide first aid if necessary, as well as immediately inform the doctor and make a note about what happened in the patient’s procedural record.

It is necessary to keep records of work and monitor the condition of patients throughout the entire treatment phase.

Maintain accounting documentation approved by the Ministry healthcare.

You must be at your workplace during the procedure.

Process medical equipment in a timely manner.

At the end of the working day, it is necessary to turn off all equipment. Heating and heating devices, as well as comply with safety regulations

Improve your skills

Observe the principles of deontology.

Responsibilities of a physiotherapist

· Providing qualified medical care, using modern diagnostic and preventive methods

· Purpose of treatment

· Providing consulting assistance to other doctors

· Supervising the work of junior medical personnel, assisting them in the performance of their duties

· Control of prescribed treatment

· Monitoring the correctness of treatment procedures and the consumption of materials

· Monitoring compliance with labor safety

· Participation in advanced training of junior and nursing staff

· Planning and analysis of your activities

· As well as systematic improvement of your qualifications

Working hours for physiotherapy room staff

The standard working week for physical therapy room staff is 33 hours; this duration is established for full-time physical therapists conducting outpatient visits.

The duration of additional leave is 6 days for doctors in physiotherapy rooms and junior medical personnel.

Chapter 3. Sanitary standards for physiotherapy departments

All newly built, reconstructed and existing medical institutions, including day hospitals, must be equipped with water supply, sewerage, and centralized hot water supply.

The quality of water for domestic and drinking purposes must comply with the requirements of SANPIN 2.1.3.1375-03.

The buildings of medical institutions in which medical treatment facilities are located must be equipped with supply and exhaust ventilation systems with mechanical drive and natural exhaust without mechanical drive.

FTO premises may only be used for their intended purpose. Carrying out any other work in them that is not related to the operation of physiotherapeutic equipment is prohibited. All treatment rooms and doctors' offices must be equipped with washbasins with hot and cold water.

In addition to treatment rooms, the physical technical department must have the following premises: the office of the head of the physical technical department (12 m 2), physiotherapist's office (12 m 2), head nurse's office (12 m 2), storage room for storing portable medical equipment and consumable medical equipment (6 m 2), equipment maintenance room (18 m 2), linen room for storing clean linen (6 m 2), pantry for storing cleaning items and dirty linen (4 m 2), storage room for storing carbon dioxide cylinders (8 m 2), a compressor room (according to SNiP standards), bathrooms with washbasins in the airlocks for men and women for patients and staff (according to SNiP standards).

The surface of the walls, floors and ceilings of the premises must be smooth, easily accessible for wet cleaning and resistant to the use of detergents and disinfectants approved for use in the prescribed manner.

Each room must have an alarm system to invite patients to a procedure and call medical personnel into the treatment room to assist the patient.

Cabinets electro- and phototherapy. The composition and area of newly built and reconstructed electro- and phototherapy rooms, the requirements for ventilation, heating, air conditioning, and lighting of premises must comply with the current SNiP.

The walls of rooms in offices to a height of 2 m should be painted with light-colored oil paint, the rest of the walls and ceiling - with adhesive paint. Wall cladding with ceramic tiles is prohibited. The floor should be wooden without potholes or covered with linoleum, which does not generate static electricity. It is prohibited to use synthetic materials that can create static electric charges.

The area of electro- and phototherapy rooms must be planned at the rate of 6 m 2per couch, and if there is one couch - at least 12 m 2. A separate room for intracavitary procedures with an area of 18 m should be equipped 2for one gynecological chair.

To carry out medical procedures, treatment cabins should be equipped, the frame of which is made of plastic or well-polished wooden racks, or metal (nickel-plated or oil-painted) pipes.

Metal structures of cabins must be insulated from stone walls and floors by installing flanges on pads made of non-conductive material 40-50 mm thick (wood pads, pre-boiled in paraffin and painted with oil paint). Flange mounting screws (bolts) should not be longer than the height of the gasket. The dimensions of the cabins should not be less than 2 m in height and 2.2 m in length. The width of the cabins is calculated depending on the type of device: for HF and microwave therapy devices, powerful UHF generators, devices for general galvanization with baths for limbs and stationary for light therapy devices - 2 m, for other devices - 1.8 m. Each cabin must have a wooden couch with a lifting headrest (chair with a headrest), a chair, a hanger, a device for local lighting, one stationary or two portable physiotherapy devices placed on movable tables.

In laser therapy rooms, the walls and ceiling should have a matte finish. In this case, the walls are painted with oil paint in a color that promotes maximum absorption of reflected rays (green, light green). In the office next to the laser (0.7 m from it), it is necessary to place a couch for the patient, as well as provide free access for service personnel to the control panel and for the patient to pass to the couch.

The distance between the installation and the wall of the office (the wall of the treatment cabin, another apparatus) must be at least 1 m. The doors of the premises must be equipped with internal locks and have a sign “No unauthorized entry!” and a laser danger sign.

In rooms for electro- and phototherapy there should be supply and exhaust ventilation with a supply of heated air, providing 3-4 times air exchange per hour, and window transoms. In UHF therapy rooms, fotaria with DTR dumps (PRK), the supply and exhaust ventilation performance should provide 4-5 air exchanges per hour. The air temperature in the premises must be at least 20°C.

Each room must have an independent power supply line coming from the distribution board, laid with wires of the required cross-section according to calculation. To distribute the load across current phases, the inputs should be laid with a voltage rating of 380/110 or 220/127 V four-wire. Connecting household electrical equipment to this line is prohibited.

In each room it is necessary to equip a group switchboard (for example, AP-50, A-3114/7) with a common switch, and at a height of 1.6 m from the floor, trigger panels (type A-50) or NVD buttons with a plug socket are placed on the walls and terminals in an insulating frame.

The group board should be mounted with U-27 fuses or 16 A maximum current circuit breakers with the number of groups corresponding to the number of devices (the number of devices also includes sterilizers and other devices). The distribution voltage for powering the devices is 127 or 220 V.

Grounding wires and grounding strips in the physiotherapy room are fixed to the walls at a distance of 5-10 cm from the floor. The cross-section of the grounding line inside the building is 24 mm 2(with a tire thickness of 3 mm), outside the building - 48 mm 2(tire thickness 4 mm).

Inhalation therapy rooms. The area of the room, temperature and humidity conditions and ventilation must comply with sanitary standards: 4 m 2per seat, air temperature within 20°C, supply and exhaust ventilation with 8-10 air exchanges per hour. It is prohibited to carry out inhalation therapy in light therapy rooms.

To connect portable inhalation devices, ultrasonic aerosol and electro-aerosol devices, it is necessary to provide plug sockets with protective (grounding) contacts.

Thermotherapy room. For heat treatment (paraffin and ozokerite treatment), it is necessary to allocate an isolated room at the rate of 6 m 2for one couch, but not less than 12 m 2if there is one couch, equipped with supply and exhaust ventilation, providing 4-5 air exchanges per hour. To heat paraffin (ozokerite), a special room (kitchen) with an area of at least 8 m2 must be provided .

The floors of the premises should be covered with linoleum, the kitchen walls should be tiled to a height of 2.5 m with glazed tiles. Tables for heaters and pouring paraffin (ozokerite) into cuvettes must be covered with heat-resistant material. Heating of paraffin (ozokerite) should only be done in special heaters or in a water bath.

Hydrogen sulfide hospital.

Treatment hydrogen sulfide baths must be carried out in a separate room or dead-end section of the hydropathic clinic, isolated from other treatment rooms.

The block of premises should consist of: a hall with an area of 8 m2 2for one bath, the minimum area of the hall with one bath is not less than 12 m 2; laboratories for the preparation of solutions with an area of at least 10 m 2one place with a fume hood; premises for storing solutions with an area of at least 8 m2 ;

The walls in the bathroom and laboratory should be tiled with glazed tiles or painted with oil paint on zinc white. Baths must be made of corrosion-resistant materials. A hydrogen sulfide hospital must have a ventilation system isolated from other rooms with air exchange in the bathroom + 3-5, in the airlocks + 3-4, in the locker room + 3-3. The exhaust pipe for air exhaust must be higher than the ridge of the building's roof.

Pipes supplying hydrogen sulfide water, as well as highly concentrated brine or sea water, must be made of materials resistant to aggressive environments. Fittings (taps, handles, etc.) must be made of corrosion-resistant materials. Wooden parts and objects should be coated with oil paint on zinc white. Coating with oil paint on white lead is prohibited.

Chapter 4. Safety precautions

The physiotherapy room (department) is organized on the above-ground floors of the medical institution.

The basement can be used for mud storage, boiler room, compressor room. The air temperature in the rooms is maintained within +20°C with humidity up to 70%. Therefore, all offices must have supply and exhaust ventilation.

Pipes, water heating radiators and all metal objects connected to the ground must be covered with protective grilles and other devices that would prevent even accidental contact of the patient with them. For this purpose, electrical fittings (panels, sockets, switches, etc.) are covered with insulating, non-conducting material.

To connect devices, the electric light therapy room is equipped with starting panels "PNV-30" and "PV-30" at a height of 1.6 m, which have a fuse, a switch, terminals for connecting stationary devices, a white terminal for grounding, 1-2 sockets for portable devices. The distance from the socket to the device should not exceed 2 m. The switchboards are connected to the cabinet's main 100 A switchboard, which has a common switch, voltmeter, E-27 fuses or circuit breakers. For most offices, a cabin system for placing equipment is acceptable. In addition to the apparatus, a wooden couch, a chair, and a hanger are installed in the cabin, which is 2 m high and long and 1.6 m wide. The office outside the cubicles houses the nurse's desk, which contains log books, procedure charts, and an electric procedure clock.

In dental institutions, taking into account the specifics of procedures in the oral cavity, in the physiotherapy room, equipment can be placed on the walls or bedside tables, without dividing into booths, since constant visual monitoring of the patient during the procedure is required. Estimated area per device in such conditions: 3-4 m2 .

When working with laser installations, the main source of danger, except electric current high (3-5 kV) and low (200 V) voltage is laser radiation (direct, reflected and scattered). The best way to organize laser therapy is a separate room with an area of 20-25 m 2, the ceiling and walls of which are painted with matte blue-green paint that absorbs red light. There is a sign on the outside of the office door: “Caution! Laser radiation!” In difficult circumstances, you can allocate a booth in the light therapy room. The office should not have devices with a shiny reflective surface. The lighting should be bright (300-500-1000 lux), which causes constriction of the pupils and reduces the likelihood of damage to the retina due to accidental exposure to scattered-reflected laser light. A laser hazard sign with the inscription “Caution! Do not look along the beam” is placed next to the laser device. During the procedure, the nurse (doctor) puts on sunglasses "ZN62-OZH", and the patient wears glasses with blue-green lenses ("SZS-18", "SZS-22"), which are included with the device.

When aiming the beam at the source of the disease, you must not look towards or along laser beam, since with unprotected eyes there is a danger of damage to the retina from direct or reflected light. It is prohibited to bring shiny objects into the area of exposure to the beam (rings, watches, mirrors, etc.), which cause reflection of light and increase the possibility of it entering the eye structures.

To protect the skin of service personnel, a regular long-sleeved medical gown is sufficient. Laser devices are operated in intermittent mode (50-60 minutes of operation, 30 minutes break). The HeNe laser tube should be kept on at all times to prolong its service life. The Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Russian Federation, by resolution of June 8, 1992, No. 17, section 2, paragraph 24, determined for personnel (doctors, nurses) working with laser systems of any class a 15% increase in official salary.

The preparation of a concentrated radon solution is carried out in special laboratories with appropriate equipment. Medical personnel working with radon are provided with special clothing and are required to follow all safety regulations. Ventilation in the office should work throughout the day.

The paraffin-ozokerite treatment room is equipped with a room with a fume hood for preparing the coolant mass. Heating of paraffin (ozokerite) is carried out in special paraffin heaters or a water bath, which is boiled on a closed electric stove in a fume hood.

Since these substances are easily flammable, the cabinet table must be covered with fire-resistant material and the cabinet must be equipped with a fire extinguisher. Due to the increased fire hazard, open fires, open electric stoves and electric boilers should not be used in the office.

Special rooms are equipped for inhalation and electromud therapy, since these procedures lead to an increase in air humidity. This can negatively affect electrical wiring and devices in ordinary offices where there is no hermetically sealed insulation. In physiotherapy rooms, equipment is arranged according to a diagram approved by the head of the department so that it and the trigger panels are easily accessible.

All changes can be made only with appropriate permission. Passports of devices in operation must be kept by the head nurse of the department.

All devices with electrical safety class 01 and I are subject to mandatory grounding to the building circuit.

Daily monitoring of the condition of the equipment is carried out by a nurse before the start of the work shift.

For normal and long-term operation, it is necessary to systematically care for the equipment. Therefore, every day at the beginning and end of the working day, the nurse removes dust from the switched off devices with a slightly damp cloth. Dust from the internal parts of the device is removed with a vacuum cleaner by a technician during routine inspections. To reduce dust, when not in use, devices are covered with sheets or special covers. To prevent the effects of dampness, physiotherapy rooms are located in a dry, bright, ventilated room, where the equipment is placed away from windows.

When bringing the device in from a frosty street, keep it inoperative at room temperature for 24 hours. This time is usually indicated in the technical instructions for the device. It is necessary to protect the devices from impacts and shocks. Therefore, it is best to move them in wheelchairs with good shock absorption. To avoid overheating, it is necessary to operate intermittently, which will extend their service life.

A special hanger is equipped for the wires, where they hang along their entire length, which eliminates kinks and extends their service life. Twisting and bending wires during storage leads to rapid damage not only to the insulation, but also to the wire itself. The metal plates of the electrodes are stacked and periodically remove lead oxide from the surface with sandpaper. The plates are straightened on a solid base with a special roller.

Rice. 1. Laser hazard sign according to GOST R 50723-94

The finishing of premises should be made only from non-combustible materials. Premises must meet fire safety requirements and have the necessary fire prevention and fire protection equipment.

Chapter 5. Hardware organization of the physiotherapy room

The physiotherapy room is designed to carry out therapeutic rehabilitation procedures due to the influence of such physical factors as light, heat, water, eclectic and magnetic fields, ultrasonic waves, laser radiation. Depending on the size and scale of the activity, it is possible to use one type of treatment or several at once.

When choosing equipment and furniture for your office, you should pay attention to three most important criteria:

patient safety and comfort;

convenience, ergonomic conditions for normal work of personnel;

compliance of the equipment with the latest developments in the field of physiotherapy, high clinical efficiency.

Standard option equipment - several regular or massage couches, separated by screens. Nearby there are cabinets for equipment<#"justify">Among various health services, physiotherapy occupies one of the leading places in terms of the number of visits and treatment procedures provided. In the late 1980s, the physiotherapy service Russian Federation was characterized by the following statistical indicators (approximate estimates are given):

Over the past decade, the qualitative and quantitative equipment of physiotherapy rooms in medical institutions of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation has remained virtually unchanged. However, there remains a strong need to provide physiotherapeutic equipment (PTA), which implements a classic set of therapeutic techniques.

The persistence of this need is determined by the following factors:

· Commissioning of new facilities.

· The need for a planned replacement of the FTA, which has reached material and moral wear and tear.

· Replenishment of physical therapy service strategic reserves.

The optimal solution to the problem of meeting the annual healthcare need in FTA is an integrated approach. At the same time, the basis of such equipment should be the idea of a multivariate hardware complex.

This diversity is explained by the fact that the physiotherapy service is part of most medical and preventive institutions various levels and profile: from a district clinic to a regional multidisciplinary hospital, from a factory dispensary to a large specialized sanatorium.

In each medical institution, the physiotherapy service solves its own range of tasks, determined by the specifics of a particular institution. This circumstance gives rise to a variety of qualitative and quantitative requirements for the hardware of physiotherapy departments (PTD).

The optimal solution to the problem of hardware equipping medical and treatment-and-prophylactic departments of various profiles can be found on the basis of a systemic variable approach to the formation of hardware complexes. As a basic equipment option (BVO), a hardware complex has been formed that provides physiotherapeutic procedures for all medical specialties general hospitals.

The structure of such a BVO physiotherapy department is given below. Based on the BVO, it is possible to easily create special equipment options, expanded in comparison with the BVO both in the range and in the number of physiotherapeutic devices, taking into account the profile and level of a particular medical institution or some local healthcare system.

This expansion is carried out on the basis of a formed and regularly updated database of physiotherapeutic equipment.

As an example, below is an expanded version for equipping the FTO, built on the basis of the BVO.

The formation of the BVO was carried out taking into account the following criteria:

· Preservation of the classic office structure of the FTO.

· Minimizing the range of devices that implement the required set of techniques for each office.

· Minimizing the number of devices in each office.

· Priority activation of devices with the following parameters:

o with a high ratio " quality/price;

o backed by guaranteed delivery and service.

o designed and manufactured by the supplier.

Equipment for the physiotherapy department. Basic and advanced options are presented in Appendix B.

Conclusion

During the writing of the work, all aspects of the organization of the physiotherapy room, the regulatory framework, the basic rights and responsibilities of personnel, and sanitary standards were examined.

The main tasks of the work were solved

.Consider the regulatory framework and basic sanitary standards for organizing a physiotherapy room

2.Consider the main responsibilities of a doctor and junior medical staff

.Consider the basic requirements for organizing a physiotherapy room, including footage, location of equipment and safety precautions

Bibliography

1.Ulashchik, V.S. Physiotherapy. Universal medical encyclopedia / V.S. Ulashik. - M: Book House, 2012. - 640 p.

2.Klyachkin, L.M. Physiotherapy / L.M. Klyachkin. - M: Medicine, 1988. - 270 p.

.Bogolyubov, V.M. Physiotherapy and balneology / V.M. Bogolyubov. - M: Binom, 2015. - 312 p.

.Sokolova, N.G. Physiotherapy / N.G. Sokolova. - M: Phoenix, 2014. - 352 p.

.Obrosov, A.N. Handbook of physiotherapy / A.N. Obrosov. - M: Medicine, 1976. - 344 p.

.#"justify">. #"justify">.http://www.consultant.ru/

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To provide physiotherapeutic care, physiotherapy departments (offices) are organized in all treatment and preventive, sanatorium and resort institutions and rehabilitation centers.

Depending on the capacity of the treatment and prevention institution, it can either use separate devices for physiotherapy, or create physiotherapy rooms or physiotherapy departments.

The area of electrotherapy and light therapy rooms must be at least 6 m2 per couch, and if there is one couch - at least 12 m2. The room for abdominal procedures is allocated separately, the area for one gynecological chair is 18 m2. The floor should be wooden or covered with special linoleum that does not generate static electricity. The walls of the premises are painted with light-colored oil paint to a height of 2 m; for the rest of the walls and ceiling, adhesive paint is used. Wall cladding with ceramic tiles is prohibited.

Cabins are equipped for medical procedures. Stationary devices for UHF and microwave therapy are located in specially equipped shielded rooms or cabins.

In the electrotherapy room there must be a special insulated box with an area of at least 8 m2 for preparatory work, storage and processing of pads, preparation of medicinal solutions, etc., equipped with a drying hood, washing sinks, a work table, a medical cabinet, disinfection boilers, washing machine.

In each room for electrolight therapy, a group panel with a common switch or starter having a designated “on-off” position is installed in an easily accessible place.

Safety instructions should be posted in a visible place in the office.

1.1 Safety and health instructions for the physiotherapy department (office)

2. Metal grounded housings of devices during procedures with contact application of electrodes should be installed out of reach of the patient.

3. It is prohibited to use radiators of the heating system, water pipes and sewer pipes as grounding. They should be covered with wooden casings painted with oil paint.

4. Before turning on of the device, check that all switches are in their original positions. Change exposure settings or turn off. the device is permissible only with the zero position of the amplitude or intensity knobs.

5. It is strictly forbidden to troubleshoot, change fuses or wipe the panels of devices connected to the network. Non-working devices must not be left connected to the network.

6. When carrying out ultraviolet and laser irradiation, it is necessary to protect the eyes of patients and medical personnel. personnel with dark-colored glasses and side protective (leather or rubber) frames. Do not look towards the primary and reflected laser beam.

8. It is prohibited to carry out UHF therapy if the total gap between the tissues and the capacitor plates is more than 6 cm.

9. Before taking a bath (shower), it is necessary to measure her (his) temperature using a thermometer.

10. When heating paraffin (ozokerite) and carrying out thermotherapy procedures, it is necessary to prevent water from getting into it to avoid burns for patients.

11. When carrying out gas baths, it is necessary to protect gas cylinders from impacts and falls. Do not touch oxygen cylinders with objects containing grease or oil.

12. Hydrogen sulfide baths must be carried out in isolated compartments with supply and exhaust ventilation.

14. During the procedures, the nurse has no right to leave the physiotherapy room. She is obliged to constantly monitor the operation of the devices and the condition of the patients.

15. At the end of the working day, all switches, device switches, as well as socket plugs must be disconnected from the network.

16. Nursing personnel who do not have specialization in physiotherapy are not allowed to perform procedures.

17. Repair of physiotherapeutic equipment by random persons is strictly prohibited.

2. Organization of the work of the physiotherapy room

The choice of physiotherapeutic method, area of influence, dosage, frequency of exposure and number of procedures are the prerogative of the attending physician, which he makes an appropriate entry in the medical history or outpatient card. After examining the patient, the physiotherapist (rehabilitation doctor) makes a detailed entry in the medical history (outpatient card), which indicates the name of the procedure, area of influence, technique, dosage and number of procedures. In this card, the nurse makes notes on the implementation of each procedure, the actual dosage of the physical factor and the duration of exposure are noted. After completion of the course of treatment, the procedural card is stored for a year. The physiotherapy department (office) must also have the following documentation: a journal for registering primary patients, a diary for daily recording of medical work. nurses, registration log of introductory briefing upon hiring, log of briefing at the workplace, control

technical maintenance log, passport of the physiotherapy department (office).

Physiotherapeutic procedures are carried out only by average medical professionals. workers who have undergone special training. Some procedures are carried out only by a physiotherapist (rehabilitation doctor).

Honey. the nurse must prepare the patient for the procedure: briefly introduce its essence and report possible sensations during the treatment process, instruct about the rules of behavior during the procedure, help take the necessary body position, provide, if necessary, protection for the eyes or other parts of the body that are not subject to impact . During the procedure, honey. the nurse should stay in the medical clinic, monitor the patient’s condition, and if it worsens, stop the treatment and call a physiotherapist (rehabilitation doctor). She must strictly follow safety rules, know and be able to provide emergency medical care. helping patients in situations where it is necessary. Responsibilities: Med. Sisters also include keeping records and submitting reports on the work done. Every 5 years, a physical therapy nurse must undergo advanced training in their specialty.

Preventive inspection of physiotherapy equipment is carried out twice a month, and a corresponding entry is made in the technical maintenance log.

3. General rules for conducting physiotherapeutic procedures

1. Each treatment room must have a work schedule posted in a visible place, which indicates:

a) the time the doctor sees patients;

b) time of procedures in the office;

c) time of procedures in the ward;

d) if the office is designed to serve inpatient and outpatient patients, the hours of reception of these groups of patients are indicated.

2. Each patient should be allocated a certain time for the procedure. The order of procedures is determined by the time specified in the procedure card.

4. Before the first procedure, the nurse familiarizes the patient in detail with the rules of conduct during and after the procedure and the nature of the sensations that he will experience during the procedure. Before each subsequent procedure, it is necessary to briefly remind patients of these rules.

5. Where possible, procedures should be performed on patients in a supine position. At the end of the procedure, patients, especially older ones, should slowly move to a vertical position to avoid dizziness.

8. Patients with infectious diseases (fungal infections, etc.) must be served at specially allocated times with the mandatory use of individual linen.

9. During procedures, wires should not be left directly on the patient’s body.

10. After the procedure, patients should rest for 20-30 minutes.

Electrotherapy

Electrotherapy (or electrotherapy) is the use of therapeutic purpose various types electricity.

During electrotherapy, energy is supplied to the body in the form of electric current, magnetic or electric fields and their combinations.

With all methods, so-called nonspecific reactions common to many physical factors appear in the form of increased blood circulation, metabolism, and tissue trophism. At the same time, the action of each factor is characterized by specific reactions unique to it.

Constant and alternating pulse currents can cause, depending on the frequency, intensity and other parameters, an increase in inhibitory processes in the central nervous system, an analgesic and blood circulation-improving effect, and muscle contraction.

Contraindications for electrotherapy are malignant neoplasms, a tendency to bleeding, fresh significant hemorrhages in the cavity or tissue, severe cardiac failure, pregnancy.

The most lasting effect is achieved when treating patients in subacute, and in some cases in acute period diseases. Some types of electrotherapy are contraindicated in some cases, for example, the use of tetanizing current for spastic paralysis, diathermy (long- and medium-wave) - with purulent processes that do not have a way out for pus, etc. Electrotherapy should not be used in patients with circulatory failure III degree, hypertension Stage III, for acute bleeding, malignant diseases, etc. Some patients cannot tolerate certain types of electrotherapy.

Electric current is applied in continuous and pulsed mode. Types of electric current used for medicinal purposes.

Continuous low voltage direct current. Galvanization improves the permeability of cell membranes, enhances lymph circulation, promotes the resorption of decay products, improves trophism and tissue regeneration processes, and accelerates the restoration of impaired nerve conduction.

Pulse direct currents low voltage. Pulsed current enhances inhibitory processes in the brain and is used for electrosleep therapy; tetanizing (formerly called faradic) current contracts skeletal muscles, used for electro-gymnastics and classical electrodiagnostics; Exponential current (Lapika) in structure resembles the current of a nerve, causes a motor reaction in deep-lying muscles, and is used mainly for electro-gymnastics.

Diadynamic current (Bernard)- constant pulsating, rectified sinusoidal current, used in various modifications (single- or two-phase, with short or long periods, etc.); one of the most effective analgesic agents for acute, subacute and chronic lesions of the peripheral nervous system, muscles, joints, etc.

Constant high electric field voltage. Franklinization. There is an electric field and charged air particles - ozone air ions and nitrogen oxides. The entire body is affected and expands peripheral circulation, the trophic function of the nervous system is enhanced, the processes of hematopoiesis and metabolism are stimulated.

Low voltage alternating current- interfering (ionomodulation). The current is formed by adding two alternating current circuits with a frequency of 3900-4000 Hz and 3990-4000 Hz; interference is created in the frequency range 10-100 Hz; ionomodulation acts directly on deeply located tissues and organs, causing a blockade of the path between the lesion and the central nervous system.

Sinusoidal modulated current, received from the Amplipulse-3 apparatus, is characterized by a carrier frequency of 5000 Hz and modulations in frequency from 10 to 150 Hz and amplitude from 0 to the maximum value; has a pronounced analgesic effect and an effect on nervous trophism.

High frequency currents. High frequency pulse current and high voltage- local darsonvalization - with a frequency of 300-400 kHz and voltage up to 10-15 kV causes reflex reactions of all systems (and internal organs), reduces the excitability of the neuromuscular system, has a pronounced analgesic, antipruritic, antispastic effect, improves trophism, promotes the growth of granulations and epithelium. Diathermy - frequency 500-1500 kHz, voltage 100-150 V, current up to 1-2 A; endogenous heat is formed in the tissues, biochemical processes and trophism are activated, metabolism and phagocytosis increase, an analgesic and especially antispastic effect is expressed.

High frequency electromagnetic field. With general darsonvalization (autoinduction), weak high-frequency currents arise that the patient does not feel; inhibitory processes in the central nervous system are enhanced, arterial blood pressure is slightly reduced in patients with stage I B, II A hypertension, metabolic processes are enhanced and corrected functional disorders nervous system.