How much dairy products are digested. "Average" products in terms of assimilation time

The time of digestion of products in the stomach plays a key role in the preparation of the menu against the background of diseases of the digestive tract, as well as in the transition to a raw food diet. Digestion of food in medicine total time finding food bolus in the stomach cavity. During digestion, food breaks down into carbohydrates, proteins, and fat components.

Carbohydrate digestion presents a more complex picture, with multiple digestive mechanisms involved. Considering the importance of carbohydrate-containing components for human health, the question of the speed of digestion causes some difficulties.

Mechanism of food digestion

All food consumed by man is a natural source nutrients, vitamins, which are so necessary for the health of the body. The complex digestive mechanism clearly separates combined substances into simple ones, distributes all substances to the necessary parts of the human body.

All that is not digested is excreted with feces. So you can simply explain the whole process of digestion. Clinicians talk about the following stages of food digestion:

grinding food in the mouth and breaking down carbohydrates with saliva;
getting food into the stomach and processing it hydrochloric acid about 4 hours (during this time, primary splitting and antibacterial treatment occur);
the transformation of the food bolus into gruel in the duodenum;
absorption of nutrients;
excretion of undigested food from the colon with feces.

Food is pushed through the intestines different speed with the help of smooth muscle contraction - peristaltic process.

Note! Thus, the digestion time is the interval between food entering the stomach and the penetration of the food bolus into the small intestine for the distribution of nutrients.

Factors influencing the rate of digestion of food

On the speed and speed of digestion of food in the cavities gastrointestinal tract influenced by the following factors:

Temperature regime. Hot foods always take longer to digest than cold foods. So, 1 hour is enough to digest okroshka, and 3-4 hours to digest hot soup or baked potatoes with meat.
Meal time. Digestion of food occurs faster and more actively at lunchtime, so these hours are the main ones for taking the main amount of food.
Heat treatment. Raw vegetables are digested in the stomach and intestines much faster than steam or fried foods. In the latter, there are no special enzymes that are responsible for the processing food components.
Compatibility of food ingredients. Popular foods that increase the rate of digestion in the stomach include salads and complex meals. So, for example, a salad with an apple and hard cheeses will be digested for about 4 hours, despite the fact that fresh apple digested fairly quickly.

Problem excess weight, is also due to non-compliance with the rules medical nutrition. You should not eat until the previous food lump is digested.

Classification of products by digestibility

Clinicians gastroenterologists and nutritionists conditionally classify all food products into several major groups. The classification is based on digestion time. The following groups are distinguished:

Carbohydrates and carbohydrate-containing foods. The processing time of food components is about 30-50 minutes. This group includes salads, freshly squeezed juices, raw vegetables or fruit.
Protein food and some types of fats. The processing time of food from these ingredients varies within 2 hours. This group includes lean varieties meat, fish, all seafood, chicken eggs, milk.
Complex carbohydrates and starchy ingredients. The processing of such food requires digestive mechanism about 4 hours. This group includes nuts and legumes, hard cheeses, fatty cottage cheese, cereals, potatoes.
Indigestible or difficult to digest food. Food ingredients included in this group are digested for a long time or not digested at all. Such products include coffee and coffee drinks, preservation, mushrooms in any form, fresh flour and confectionery products, pasta, especially from wholemeal flour.

Table: food type and digestion time

How much food is digested? Below is a table of digestion rates of popular food ingredients.

Type of food or food group	Digestion time in hours (1 h = 60 min)
Purified or sparkling water	Instant walkthrough food ways to the intestines
Freshly squeezed vegetable juice	25-30 min
Squeezed fresh fruit juice	40-45 min
Raw vegetables and vegetable salads with oil, including raw carrots, cucumbers, tomatoes	45 min
Watery fruits, berries	50 min
Oranges, tangerines, grapefruits	30-45 min
Apples, pears	40-60 min
Peaches, cherries, grapes	45 min
White cabbage, zucchini, eggplant	1-2 hours
Cereals, legumes: beans, corn, peas, buckwheat, rice	2 hours
Dairy and dairy products	2.5-3 hours
Meat of beef, pork/poultry	5 hours/2.5 hours
Nuts and dried fruits, especially prunes, dried apricots	3.5 hours
Vegetable oils	2 hours

If products with small and high speed digestion of food, then the time spent in the organs of the digestive system is counted based on the longest digestible product.

What product and how much is digested in the gastric cavity, will help determine the dietitian-gastroenterologist. by the most long products meat products are considered, including sausages, smoked meats, semi-finished products. Increases the digestion time of frying foods, stewing in a large amount of fat, oil. Even if fresh foods are digested in 30 minutes, when frying or fatty heat treatment speed increases up to several hours.

The speed of food digestion is important in peptic ulcer, gastritis with a tendency to perforation of the mucous membranes, in violation of the function of the sphincter, with gastroesophageal reflux. With such pathologies, the diet includes foods that are digested quickly and exclude the stagnation of the food bolus in the stomach.

About food digestion different time days in a popular health program:

1:502 1:512

In order to be healthy and live long, it is very important to know and take into account the digestion time of food in the stomach. According to doctors, a person who, while eating, does not take into account the time of digestion of food, carries kilograms of rotting food, earns many diseases and shortens his life.

1:1053 1:1063

For good digestion The following key points must be considered:

It is absolutely unacceptable to throw into the stomach, as in a "furnace", products that require different times for digestion - by doing this you expose it to an additional and unjustified burden. For example, a dish of potatoes with pork will be digested in about 5 to 6 hours, while separately consumed potatoes are digested and would go to the intestines in an hour.
It is optimal to mix food of the same digestion time (vegetable salad, apples with pears, carrot juice) - this will only slightly stretch the time the food stays in the stomach due to the difficulty in selecting enzymes for processing compared to mono-nutrition. This version of the "hash" is the most gentle for the body.
The addition of oils, even to salads, lengthens the time spent in the stomach by 2-3 times, due to the effect of enveloping food, and the impossibility of its rational processing with juices and enzymes.
You can not drink water, tea and other liquids if the stomach is undigested food- with this you dilute the gastric juice, complicate the digestion of food and increase the load on the gastrointestinal tract. In addition, along with the liquid, undigested foods inevitably “skip” into the intestines, which will rot or ferment in it for a long time.
If you are drinking water empty stomach, it immediately passes into the intestines.
Chew food thoroughly - this also speeds up the digestion process due to better grinding and the beginning of enzyme processing in the oral cavity.
Eat protein foods only in the form of heat - warm food digested in the stomach for about 2-3 hours (which is optimum time for the breakdown of proteins), and only after that it enters small intestine, where the stage of splitting nutrients from food continues.
Cold food in the stomach is digested much faster, so proteins do not have time to digest normally and go straight to the small intestine, as a result of which the bacteria found in meat products (proteins) begin to multiply and cause discomfort in the gastrointestinal tract (bloating, gases, constipation). etc.)

Digestion time in the stomach

1:5148

2:504 2:514

How much food is digested

2:583

It is useful to know how much time the body digests different category food.

2:749

For example, drunk water on an empty stomach immediately enters the intestines.
Freshly squeezed vegetable and fruit juices absorbed by the body in fifteen to twenty minutes.
Also, in twenty minutes the body is absorbed watermelon.
It takes the body half an hour to digest: salads (mixed, from vegetables and fruits), melon, oranges, grapefruits, grapes.
In forty minutes, fruits and berries are digested, such as: cherries, apples, pears, peaches, apricots etc.
Also, it will take forty minutes for the body to digest tomatoes, lettuce (red, roman, Boston, garden leaf), celery, yellow peppers, cucumbers and various other juicy vegetables.

2:1946

2:9

For the processing of root crops, for example, such as carrot or turnip the body will require about fifty minutes.
Avocado, eaten on an empty stomach is digested within two hours, since it contains a large number of fat.
to digest vegetables that contain starch the body will need at least an hour.
Cereals that contain starch, such as: rice, buckwheat, barley etc., are digested from sixty to ninety minutes.
Legumes such as beans, lentils etc. the body assimilates in ninety minutes.
From an hour to two, the stomach will need to digest foods such as: soft-boiled egg, cocoa, broth, rice, boiled river fish and milk.

3:1794

3:9

For digestion sesame, pumpkin, and sunflower seeds the body will take about two hours.
Almonds, pecans, peanuts, Brazilian nut and walnut our stomach will digest in two and a half to three hours.
From two to three hours, our stomach will digest foods such as: scrambled eggs, bread, hard-boiled eggs and boiled sea fish.
boiled chicken and beef, Rye bread, ham and potatoes will be digested for about three to four hours.
Four to six hours will be digested following products: peas, herring, mushrooms, fried meat.

4:1556 4:9

It should be noted that all indicators are averaged, and also, much may depend on the characteristics of the organism.

5:732

Consider digestion time various products. I think it will be of interest to many and each person should have an idea about this. Knowing the digestion time of foods is very important for maintaining your health. If you know the digestion time of food, you can prepare dishes that will be digested normally in your stomach and will not poison the body with toxins from undigested food residues.

Speaking about the time of digestion of food, we will understand full cycle, that is, the period of time that is necessary for the products to completely split into useful material. Many gastroenterologists will tell you that the digestion time of even heavy meat products does not exceed 4-5 hours. But they talk about the time of digestion of foods in the stomach. In fact, food is not in the stomach for more than 4 hours. After that, it enters first into the small intestine, where the assimilation process takes place, and then into colon for withdrawal.

The figures below are average values. The time of digestion and assimilation also depends on individual characteristics organism, on the diet, food composition, the amount of food eaten and on the compatibility of products with each other. So friends, let's look at which products pass through our stomach almost instantly, and which ones stay there for long hours.

Water - if your stomach is empty, then water passes immediately into the intestines.

Fruits and vegetables

Fruits are digested on average 30-60 minutes. Energy and enzymes are almost not spent on the digestion of fruits.

fruit- vegetable juices And vegetable broths- 20-30 minutes.

Semi-liquid juices, such as pureed vegetable or fruit salad - 20-30 minutes. For example, a glass of freshly squeezed orange juice, will leave our stomach within 20 minutes after you drink it.

Juicy fruits: oranges, apples, pears, plums and so on. For example, a couple of eaten juicy and fragrant oranges will leave the stomach in 30-40 minutes. Grapefruits, grapes - 30 minutes. Apples, pears, peaches, cherries, etc. - 40 minutes

Fleshy fruits and dried fruits: bananas, figs, dates will pass the stomach for more time, how juicy fruit, but still very fast compared to the products that follow. Watermelon - 20 minutes. Melons - 30 minutes.

Raw mixed vegetable salads - tomatoes, leaf salad, cucumber, celery, green or red pepper, other juicy vegetables - 30-40 minutes

Leafy vegetables - spinach, chicory, kale - 40 minutes

zucchini, broccoli, cauliflower, green beans, pumpkin, corn on the cob - 45 minutes

Root vegetables - carrots, beets, parsnips, turnips, etc. - 50 minutes

Cereals, cereals and legumes

Grain digestion time

Concentrated carbohydrates - cereals and cereals. The time of digestion of cereals and cereals in the stomach increases dramatically. Therefore, it is recommended to eat fruits on an empty stomach, separately from cereals and cereals. A plate of ordinary porridge leaves the stomach only after 4-5 hours!

Brown rice, millet, buckwheat, cornmeal, oats, pearl barley - 90 minutes

Durum wheat pasta - 3 hours

Semi-concentrated carbohydrates - starches, Jerusalem artichoke, acorns, corn, potatoes, Jerusalem artichoke, yams, chestnuts - 60 minutes

legume digestion time

Beans and legumes. common pea and chickpeas, lentils, beans (white, red, black) are digested in an hour and a half. Soybeans - 2 hours

Cereals or legumes of the same type: 2.5-3 tsp.
A mixture of grains and / or legumes (no more than two types): 3-3.5 hours.
A mixture of grains and / or legumes (more than two types): more than 4-5 hours.

Nuts and seeds

Seeds - sunflower, pumpkin, sesame - about 2 hours
Nuts - almonds, peanuts (raw), cashews, brazil nuts, Walnut, pecans, Brazil nuts are digested in 2.5-3 hours.
Tip: If seeds and nuts are soaked overnight in water and then crushed, they will digest faster.
Soaked nuts: 1.5 tsp

Dairy

Raw milk slowly leaves the stomach, pasteurized even more slowly and boiled even more slowly. High-fat milk passes through the stomach more slowly than low-fat milk.

Skimmed milk, ricotta, low-fat cottage cheese, cheese, homemade cheese are digested for about 90 minutes.
Milk is completely digested in 12 hours. Tea or coffee with milk: 24 hours

Curd from whole milk- 2 hours
Hard cheese made from whole milk, such as Dutch and Swiss cheese, will take 4 to 5 hours to digest.
Sour milk drinks - 1 hour

animal squirrels

Boiled eggs stay in the stomach longer than raw eggs. The scrambled eggs stay there for a long time as well.
Egg yolk- 30 minutes
Egg (totally) - 45 minutes.
Fish - 45-60 minutes
Chicken - 1-2 hours (no skin)
Turkey - 2 hours (no skin)
Beef, lamb - 3-4 hours
Pork - 4-5 hours

On average, meat is digested in the stomach within 4-5 hours, and absorbed by the body for a very long time. Bacon is digested slowly, due to fat lowers stomach acidity. For most people, it is difficult to digest. Fat significantly prevents the release of gastric juice after eating, reduces absorption and delays the digestion process.

Fatty food. It can be like fat in pure form, for example, lard, or just fatty meat or fish, ice cream, and so on. Fat greatly inhibits gastric digestion. Exactly fatty food takes the longest time to digest. By the way, fatty fried meat, for example, barbecue, is digested up to 72 hours, while our body spends a lot of energy on digesting such food. A person who regularly eats meat carries several kilograms stool, which turn into slags and release toxins that poison the body.

It is not important how long the food is in the stomach, but in what form, digested or not digested (digested or not fully digested), it will pass into the intestines, and what will happen to it next.

Külmkapp Foto: Sven Arbet

If you suffer from an unhealthy habit - overeating, think about it, maybe you start eating while your stomach has not yet coped with previous dose food?

Different foods require different “attention” from our digestive system. What happens to food after we have swallowed it? In order for food to benefit a person and give the necessary energy, it must turn into chemical elements which the body then absorbs.

This process begins in the mouth, when saliva dissolves and teeth grind food. Later, in the stomach, it is attacked by acid and gastric juices. After leaving the stomach, food enters the intestines, where it continues to interact with gastric juice. Then it is absorbed through the capillaries into the blood passing through the liver - thousands of enzymes located there neutralize any poison (such as alcohol, for example), while retaining useful iron, vitamins and glucose.

More specifically, all food can be divided into 4 categories according to the time of its digestion in our stomach:

The food that passes quickly (these are mostly carbohydrate foods)
- average digestion time (this is mainly protein food)
- food of long assimilation (it includes fatty foods and a combination of fatty with protein)
- Excessively long in the assimilation of food and practically indigestible.

The first category includes: almost all fruits (with the exception of bananas, avocados and the like), vegetable and fruit juices (not mixed), berries, kefir. All of the above products do not stay in our stomach for more than 1 hour. For example, fruits pass into the intestines from the stomach after 40–45 minutes. In some situations, it can take 35-40 minutes.

The second category includes: vegetables, herbs, dairy products with the exception of cottage cheese and hard cheese, sprouts, soaked nuts and seeds, all dried fruits. All of them enter our intestines in about 1.5-2 hours.

The third category includes: cereals and cereals, nuts and seeds that are not previously soaked in water, cottage cheese and hard cheese, all types of mushrooms, legumes (if they are boiled), bakery products from flour of the highest grades. Their residence time in the stomach is 2–3 hours from the moment they are received.

And, finally, to the 4th group belong: tea with milk, coffee with milk, meat (including poultry, as well as fish), pasta (with the exception of those made from whole grain flour or flour from durum wheat), all types of canned food. All products from the 4th group are digested very problematic, or practically not digested at all.

What conclusion can we draw now, guided by the information about how much food is digested in the stomach? Everything is very simple:

If you want to be healthy, you don't have to stick to a diet, you just need to eat as much as you can. more products, which are absorbed in a short period of time. Thus, you protect your digestive system, and the body spends less energy on its processing.
- Avoid or eat at a minimum those foods that belong to category 4.
- It is not recommended to combine foods and foods that have different digestion times in the stomach.
- If you have problems with your stomach or intestines, eat only food from categories 1 and 2.
- In the evening, you can also eat foods only from categories 1 and 2.

Digestion time in the stomach

After dinner, food is digested in the stomach from two to four hours, after which it enters small intestine, where the digestion process lasts another four to six hours, after which the food passes into the large intestine, where it can stay for about fifteen more hours.

The numbers below show how much time the products spend in the stomach and refer to people with a healthy digestive system with a single intake of only one specified product.

Water
If you drink water on an empty stomach, the water immediately passes into the intestines.

Juices and salads
- Fruit juices, vegetable juices and broths are digested in 15-20 minutes
- Semi-liquid (mashed salad, vegetables or fruits) 20-30 minutes

Fruits
- Watermelon is digested in 20 minutes
- Melons - 30 minutes
- Oranges, grapefruits, grapes - 30 minutes
- Apples, pears, peaches, cherries and other semi-sweet fruits - 40 minutes

Vegetables
- Mixed salads (vegetables and fruits) are digested within 20-30 minutes
- Raw mixed vegetable salads - tomatoes, leaf lettuce ("roman", Boston, red, leaf, garden), cucumber, celery, green or red pepper, other juicy vegetables are digested within 30-40 minutes
- If vegetable oil is added to the salad, then the time increases to more than an hour
- Vegetables cooked in steam or in water, as well as leafy vegetables- spinach, chicory, kale - 40 minutes
- Zucchini, broccoli, cauliflower, green beans, pumpkin, corn on the cob - 45 minutes
- Root vegetables - turnips, carrots, beets, parsnips, turnips, etc. - 50 minutes

Semi-concentrated carbohydrates - starches
- Artichoke, acorns, corn, potatoes, Jerusalem artichoke, yams, chestnuts - 60 minutes
- Starchy foods, such as husked rice, buckwheat, millet, cornmeal, oatmeal, quinoa, Abyssinian panicle, barley are digested on average 60-90 minutes

Concentrated carbohydrates - cereals
- Brown rice, millet, buckwheat, cornflakes, oats (first 3 - best) - 90 minutes

Beans and legumes (Concentrated carbohydrates and protein, starches and proteins)
- Lentils, lima beans, chickpeas, peas, kidney beans and beans - 90 minutes
- Soybeans - 120 minutes

Nuts and seeds
- Sunflower seeds, pumpkin seeds, pepita, sesame - about 2 hours
- Nuts - almonds, filberts, peanuts (raw), cashews, brazil nuts, walnuts, pecans - 2.5-3 hours

Dairy
- Skimmed milk, low-fat cottage cheese, ricotta, low-fat cottage cheese or cream cheese for about 90 minutes
- Whole milk cottage cheese - 120 minutes
- Hard cheese from whole milk - 4-5 hours

animal squirrels
- Egg yolk - 30 minutes
- Egg (full) - 45 minutes
- Fish - cod, scrod, flounder, sole seafood - 30 minutes
- Fish - salmon, trout, herring, oilier fish - 45-60 minutes
- Chicken - 1-2 hours (no skin)
- Turkey - 2 hours (no skin)
- Beef, lamb - 3-4 hours
- Pork - 4-5 hours

Today, many men and women are addicted to the right and balanced diet. This is one of the main elements healthy lifestyle of life in general, along with maintaining good physical shape and lack of bad habits. In addition, very often people begin to adhere to proper nutrition to get rid of a few extra pounds and tighten your figure.

In order to eat a balanced diet, it is necessary to understand exactly how the processes of digestion and assimilation of food in the human body proceed. In this article, we will tell you about what is meant by these terms, and how long food is digested in the body of an adult and a child.

What is the digestion and assimilation of food, and what determines the time of these processes?

Despite the fact that many people consider these concepts to be synonymous, in reality, there are differences between them. significant differences. The term " digestion"Means the length of time that food is in the human stomach. Proteins and fats are broken down during this time, so in the case of them, these two concepts are similar.

Meanwhile, the processes of digestion and assimilation of carbohydrates in the human body are a little more complicated. Getting into oral cavity, products are first broken down into chemical elements, and only after that they are gradually absorbed by the digestive tract.

It should be borne in mind that the rate of digestion of food and assimilation various dishes may differ significantly depending on their composition.

In general, these processes begin with the mechanical and enzymatic processing of food in the oral cavity. Further, any food enters the stomach. Food stays in the stomach for an average of 30 to 360 minutes. Then, up to 7-8 hours, the products continue to be sent to the small intestine, while at the same time being split and partially absorbed.

Finally, everything that has not had time to be digested moves to the large intestine, where it can stay for up to 20 hours until it leaves the body. Only upon completion of all these processes, it is possible to figure out how long a person's food is digested.

How long does it take for various foods to be digested in the human stomach and intestines?

The only product that practically does not linger in the stomach is pure water without impurities. If you drink any amount of water on an empty stomach, it moves into the intestines almost immediately, after a maximum of 5-10 minutes.

For all other types of food, it takes some time to digest first in the stomach and then in the intestines. Consider how long it takes to digest various food in the stomach of an adult and a child.

The body of newborn children is able to absorb only milk protein, while for the final digestion and splitting of the milk of his mother, the baby needs approximately 2-3 hours, and the milk of a cow or goat - about 4 hours.

By the age of 7, the volume of the child's stomach increases to one liter, and the number of glands in it increases significantly. The time it takes to digest a certain kind food at this age is about two norms compared to the time needed for an adult.

At the age of 10-12 years, this figure is about 1.5 norms, and adolescents after 15 years of age need the same time to digest any food as adults. In addition, it should be borne in mind that in men, food is broken down and absorbed a little faster than in women, and in older people after 75-80 years required time for digestion of dishes can be slightly increased.

Depending on the type of vegetables and fruits, the time required for their assimilation in the stomach of an adult has approximately the following values:

Natural fruit and vegetable juices, as well as vegetable broths - about 15-20 minutes;
Puree in the form of mashed fresh fruits and vegetables, as well as light fruit and vegetable salads, not seasoned vegetable oil– from 20 to 30 minutes;
Watermelon is completely digested and broken down in the body of an adult within 20 minutes, melon, grapes, grapefruit and grapes - about half an hour, peaches and apricots, apples, as well as cherries and other berries - about 40 minutes;
Pumpkin, zucchini, Brussels sprouts and cauliflower, broccoli spend about 40-45 minutes in the stomach. Approximately the same amount of digested kale, chicory, spinach, bell pepper, celery and fresh cucumbers;
Various root vegetables such as turnips, beets, turnips, parsnips or carrots take at least 50 minutes to digest.

In addition, it should be borne in mind that fruits and vegetables eaten raw take longer to digest than the same foods that have been processed. heat treatment. So, any vegetables, boiled, stewed or steamed, are digested for about 40 minutes.

At the same time, in such dishes, the amount of valuable and nutritive substances is reduced, due to which, accordingly, the time of their processing is reduced.

In turn, other products are digested in the human body much longer.

For example:

Many people are interested in how much time is digested in the human body milk and dairy products. On average, this figure for fresh cow and goat milk is about 120 minutes. Pasteurized milk leaves the stomach a little longer, while boiled milk takes even longer. In addition, the disintegration period of this drink directly depends on percentage fat in it. Yes, more fat milk leaves the human body longer than less fat. However, this figure refers only to the breakdown of the drink by the stomach. Fresh milk is completely absorbed by the body after at least 12 hours. As for dairy products, kefir and other sour-milk drinks leave the stomach after about an hour, cheese and homemade cheese after 90 minutes, cottage cheese after 2 hours, and hard cheese after 4-5 hours;
Pasta and vermicelli break down in the stomach for about 3 hours, most cereals - about 4-5 hours, peas, beans and other legumes - at least 2 hours;
Almost all nuts are digested in about 2.5-3 hours. Meanwhile, if you soak them in water overnight or even for a day, this period will be significantly reduced;
Boiled eggs are completely digested in 45 minutes, while the yolk does this much faster;
Fish and dishes from it are digested quite quickly - from 30 to 60 minutes, while meat, on the contrary, remains in the human stomach for a long time. The digestion time for poultry, such as chicken or turkey, is about 2 hours, for beef, 3-4 hours, and for pork, about 4-5 hours. Despite the fact that any kind of meat leaves the stomach after a maximum of 5 hours, they can remain in the human body for up to several days. Fatty and well-done meat, which most men love so much, is fully absorbed only after about three days. Human body spends on digestion and assimilation of these types of food great amount energy. Regular use similar products inevitably leads to slagging of the body and the appearance of extra pounds.

Of course, this is all incredibly relative. In fact, the process of digestion of food begins even before it enters the oral cavity. In addition, adding any, even the most insignificant product to a certain dish, can completely change the time required for its absorption by the human body.