Initial letter medicinal wild plants. Contraindications herbs initial letter

Betonica officinalis L.

Initial letter medicinal widely distributed, mainly in the southern regions of the Non-Black Earth Region, it can be found in the garden, vegetable garden, along roads and under the fence.

It has a woolly stem, reaching a height of 90 cm, and leaves. To the touch - a pleasant, soft plant, which is decorated with reddish-purple flowers, located in the axils of elongated leaves and at the top of the stem in the form of a semi-whirl.

Biological description of the initial drug

The initial letter has a perennial, fibrous, sheer, short rhizome. Erect stem 30-60 (100) cm high, simple, more or less woolly with long stiff hairs.

The leaves are opposite, oblong-ovate, petiolate, crenate, obtuse, heart-shaped at the base, wrinkled, covered on both sides with rough hairs.

The flowers are large, bisexual, irregular, sub-pistillate, located in the axils of the upper leaves, forming many-flowered semi-whirls. The calyx is correct, non-falling, bell-shaped. Corolla deciduous, light purple, less often white, two-lipped, covered with fine downy outside. The stamens are two-strong, do not reach the middle upper lip. Pistil with a four-lobed, four-celled upper ovary, sitting on a glandular disc; column filiform, almost equal length with stamens, ending in a bipartite stigma. Flowering occurs from late June to September.

The dry fruit consists of four oblong, externally convex, trihedral, smooth brown one-seeded nuts, seated at the bottom of the remaining calyx. fruits in Central Russia ripen in July-October.

Where does the initial letter grow (distribution and ecology)

Initial letter medicinal grows almost throughout Europe, quite common in almost the entire territory European Russia, in the Caucasus, in Western Siberia and Ural.

It can be found in damp and dry meadows, elevated places, in shrubbery and on the edges and clearings of forests.

What is included in the initial drug

The initial letter contains bitter and tannins(stachidrine, choline, beniticin), alkaloids (0.1-0.5%), mucus and essential oil (up to 0.058%).

The seeds of the initial cap contain fatty oil (up to 42%) and an enzyme that breaks down fats. The leaves of the initial letter contain 12.46%, the flowers - up to 7.07% of tannins, which are partially used for tanning skins.

Pharmacological properties

IN medicinal purposes use the roots, rhizomes and grass of the initial letter. The plant has expectorant, anti-inflammatory, choleretic properties.

Preparations based on the initial letter have an analgesic, sedative, pressure-reducing effect. The initial letter stabilizes digestion, normalizes the metabolism in the body, improves blood circulation.

When to collect and how to store the initial letter

Drop cap grass is harvested during flowering, it is cut with sickles (or just scissors). Dry in the shade or in well-ventilated rooms, in the attic under an iron roof, spreading a layer of 5-7 cm.

Roots and rhizomes are harvested in autumn, dug up with shovels, shake the ground, wash in cold water, dried in the attic under an iron roof or in well-ventilated areas. Raw materials are stored in boxes lined with paper.

What diseases are used for

Preparations from the roots and rhizomes of the initial letter are used as a laxative and emetic. A decoction of the roots of the initial letter is used for poor appetite, colitis , kidney and liver disease, gastritis and nervous diseases.

The initial letter is used in the treatment of hemorrhoids, bronchitis, migraine, cystitis, epilepsy and many other diseases. This plant has astringent and wound healing properties.

A tincture based on the leaves, roots or rhizomes of the initial cap helps cure gout, sciatica, neuroses and cystitis.

Preparations prepared from the aerial part of the plant are used as a decongestant. nervous tension, hypotensive, normalizing metabolism remedy for kidney disease, atherosclerosis and hypertension.

Use of a drop cap in medicine (recipes)

The initial letter is included in the composition of many choleretic mixtures, but it can also be used separately for violations of the liver and jaundice. Zavara from the initial medicinal drink when gastrointestinal diseases- indigestion, stomach pain, hyperacidity with heartburn.

For bronchitis and asthma, take a decoction of the initial cap, 2 cups a day, as a sputum thinner and anti-inflammatory agent. A decoction of the initial letter is used as a sedative for epilepsy, headaches, nervous exhaustion.

The stems and leaves of the initial cap can cause sneezing, and the roots can cause vomiting, so decoctions should be used taking into account individual tolerance.

It is strictly forbidden to use drugs based on the initial letter for pregnant women. The rest can use this medicinal plant, but with caution! It is necessary to strictly observe the indicated doses!

Used as an expectorant and blood pressure lowering agent infusion of herbs (leaves). To prepare it, take 1 tablespoon of raw materials, pour a glass of boiling water and leave to infuse for 2 hours. Then strain and take 4 times a day before meals, 1-2 tablespoons.

For some patients with profuse mucous sputum and asthma, doctors prescribe herbal tea letters. Preparing this tea is quite easy and fast. To do this, you need to take 1 teaspoon with a slide of herbs and pour 250 ml of boiling water, then leave to infuse for 15 minutes. Strained tea is used for internal reception(in case of diarrhea or other intestinal disorders) and rinses. Depending on the indication, you can take a cup 1-3 times every day.

As a choleretic and diuretic prepare the following infusion of leaves and roots. To prepare it, you need to take half a tablespoon of the roots and the same number of leaves of the initial cap and pour 200 ml of them boiled water. After insisting 2 hours in a cold place, strain the composition. Take this infusion should be 3-4 times a day, one tablespoon at a time.

With repeated fainting, high pressure and disorders nervous system use flower tincture. Take glass jar and fill in a third of the volume with dry crushed flowers. Pour vodka up to the neck of the jar. Put the composition in a warm and dark place for two weeks, then strain. It should be taken 20-30 drops, diluted with a small amount of water.

At pulmonary hemorrhage helps next infusion of herbs. Take 2 tablespoons of herbs, pour a glass of boiling water and put on low heat for 5 minutes, then let it brew for 20 minutes and strain. Next, add 40 grams of port to the infusion. Take the medicine should be 70 ml three times a day before meals.

Used as a laxative root decoction. Take 20 grams of dried roots and pour them with a glass of boiling water, put on fire for 20 minutes. After straining the resulting broth, it is taken in a tablespoon three times a day.

Good to know...

From the grass of the initial letter, you can get brown-olive paint, which is used to dye wool.
In veterinary practice, a milk decoction of the leaves of the drop cap is fed to animals with intestinal inflammation.
Dried plant powder is used to kill mice.

In this article, we propose to talk about the plant initial medicinal. In folk medicine, this plant is often used, as it has big amount useful properties. The range of application is very wide, you will learn about it by reading the article to the very end. The initial letter, the photo of which is provided in the next section, is used in the treatment of:

nervous exhaustion;
dizziness;
headaches;
diseases of the gastrointestinal tract;
gout;
rheumatism;
inflammation of the kidneys;
inflammation of the bladder;
bronchitis;
asthma and so on.

How to use the plant, when and where to collect it, and much more will be discussed in this article.

Initial letter medicinal

Let's start with the very description of the initial drug. This plant belongs to Considered a favorite of gardeners for its incredible beauty and a wide range of useful properties that even doctors knew. ancient rome and Greece. In Rus', the letter received a large number of titles:

field sage;
scrofula;
smoke and so on.

You can see a photo of the initial cap in this section of the article. It is also very important that in medicine the medicinal letter has not found official recognition, so it will not be possible to purchase it in a pharmacy. However, it can be easily grown on your own. garden plot. Special attention flower growers are given a large-flowered initial letter, which can decorate any flower bed with its purple-pink bloom.

What does the letter look like? The plant we are considering today is a perennial. Gardeners need to be aware that the roots of the plant have many appendages, this should be considered when transplanting or dividing adult flowers. The straight stem, reaching a height of a meter, has pubescence in the form of stiff hairs.

You need to know that the genus of initial letters is represented by fifteen species (you can meet them in a temperate climate). Here are some of them:

medicinal (which will be discussed in the article);
cultivar Alba;
grade Superba and so on.

Chemical composition

The plant initial medicinal has a number of useful properties, so it is still used in Tibetan medicine. It can be found among forest herbs and meadow forbs.

What is the chemical composition this plant? The stems, flowers and leaves contain:

proteins;
alkaloids;
glycosides;
essential oils;
resins;
vitamins of group K;
group C vitamins;
beniticin;
stahydrine;
calcium salts;
anthocyanins;
choline.

In addition to all of the above, it is worth noting that a large number of fatty oil. It is important to note that the initial medicinal letter also contains tannins.

Collection

It is worth noting that this plant is very unpretentious. Even a novice gardener can grow it. The plant is content with ordinary garden soil, and in order for the flowers to be tall and even, a sunny meadow is needed. Vegetation occurs in May, and the plant blooms in early July. Compared to other perennials, the drop cap blooms for a long time (about three weeks).

If you are going to use the plant for medicinal purposes, then the collection must be done at the time of flowering. How to harvest? It is necessary to carefully cut the stems with basal leaves. Further, the resulting raw materials must be dried in the sun, the room must be well ventilated (it is better to do this on the street). When the herb dries, it acquires an unpleasant and bitter taste. The resulting raw material can be stored for up to two years.

If you want to next year the initial letter has bloomed again, then it is not worth cutting off the entire plant under the root for the sake of stock. Leave about ten percent of all thickets.

Beneficial features

What parts of the plant are used for medicinal purposes?

leaves;
stems;
flowers;
roots.

In the previous paragraph, it was mentioned how to collect the green part of the plant. It is worth noting that the roots are stored a little longer (three years). The only thing necessary condition- dry and ventilated area.

All these parts are used for medical purposes. What properties does the plant have?

anti-inflammatory;
expectorant;
choleretic.

Preparations based on the initial letter are able to provide the following actions:

soothing;
painkiller;
reducing pressure.

In addition, the plant has beneficial effect on metabolic processes in the body and blood circulation, improves digestion. Folk remedies based on the initial letter are used in the following cases:

nervous excitability;
epilepsy;
constipation;
dizziness;
migraine;
asthma;
general weakness of the body;
treatment of ulcers;
wound treatment.

Application

Now let's talk a little about the use of the initial drug. As mentioned earlier, medicine has not recognized this plant, it cannot be bought already in ready-made in a pharmacy. But you can grow on the site and make your own stocks of such useful raw materials. The use of initial letters in folk medicine is very wide. It is used for cystitis, epilepsy, bronchitis and so on. It is especially important to pay attention to the astringent and healing properties of the plant.

The roots of the plant are used to make decoctions and infusions, which are used for the following purposes:

laxative;
treatment of colitis;
improvement of appetite;
help with diseases of the liver and kidneys;
gastritis;
diseases of the nervous system.

The ground part of the plant is used to prepare infusions for the treatment of:

radiculitis;
gout;
cystitis;
neurosis;
atherosclerosis;
kidney disease;
hypertension.

Another feature of the initial letter is the ability to quickly stop bleeding. Tinctures are often used for pulmonary and uterine bleeding.

Treatment

Forest herbs are often used in folk medicine, as their effectiveness has been proven by several generations. The initial letter medicinal is no exception. Stocks of this raw material will never interfere, if necessary, you can take right amount and use " grandmother's advice» in the treatment of any disease. For medicinal purposes, prepare:

Herb tea	One teaspoon of dry grass is poured with a glass of boiling water and infused for fifteen minutes. Strain the finished tea and use as directed. A maximum of three glasses of the resulting tea can be drunk per day.
leaf infusion	For cooking, you need a tablespoon of raw materials and a glass of boiling water. It takes two hours to insist. After that, the infusion is filtered and taken two tablespoons four times a day before meals.
root decoction	It is necessary to weigh twenty grams of dry plant roots and pour a glass of water. After that, it is necessary to boil the broth for twenty minutes. It is necessary to take the resulting remedy in a tablespoon three times a day as a laxative.
Flower tincture	Grind the raw materials, take a glass jar and fill it with flowers exactly one third. Next, you need to pour vodka to the brim. Remove the resulting composition in a dark place for two weeks. Next, you need to strain the tincture. Twenty drops are taken for high blood pressure, nervous disorders and fainting. If necessary, it can be diluted with a small amount of water.

Application in gynecology

Please note that the treatment folk remedies should be discussed with your doctor. If you have no contraindications, then you can start treatment.

In this section, we will talk about how a medicinal initial letter can help with gynecological diseases. It has already been said earlier that it has analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties, in addition, it can stop bleeding. In connection with these features, it is used in gynecology. The initial letter for gynecological diseases can be used in the form of a powder, one teaspoon three times a day. Please note that only the leaves of the plant need to be ground into powder.

When the uterus is lowered, you can use a decoction. For cooking daily allowance it is necessary to pour three tablespoons of dry grass with three glasses of water and boil the resulting mixture for fifteen minutes. The broth should be filtered and drunk in four doses an hour before meals.

Inflammation and tuberculosis of the lungs

Tinctures and decoctions of the leaves of the drop cap are used to treat the lungs. Now we will talk about diseases such as inflammation and tuberculosis.

For inflammation, you need to prepare a tincture. Again, we take into account daily dose. We will need:

one tablespoon of dry letters;
liter of boiling water.

Mix the ingredients and insist for an hour. The broth must be filtered and drunk in one day. How many tricks to do is a personal matter for everyone. It is important to note that medicines Based on this plant, it is best to take shortly before a meal. The resulting broth can be sweetened with honey. The course of treatment in this case lasts three weeks.

With tuberculosis, you can prepare a decoction:

one tablespoon of crushed leaves of the initial letter;
one glass of water;
two tablespoons of port.

Mix everything and boil for twenty-five minutes. The broth should be filtered and taken daily cold fifty grams.

Sweating feet

Herb initial drug can even save you from the problem excessive sweating legs. To do this, you need to take daily foot baths before going to bed based on a decoction. For cooking, you need to mix two hundred grams of raw materials with three liters of boiled water. The mixture should be infused for half an hour. Next, you need to strain and take a bath. Please note that the approximate duration of the procedure is fifteen minutes.

Contraindications and side effects

Indications for use have been described in detail above, now we focus on side effects and contraindications.

In no case should you use products based on this plant for pregnant and lactating women. The rest can use the initial letter for medical purposes, only after consulting with the attending physician. side effects none are noted if the correct dosage is observed.

The initial letter medicinal is a time-tested remedy, do not be afraid to use healing herbs for the treatment of diseases. Even experienced doctors sometimes it is recommended to resort to folk recipes. However, in no case do not self-medicate.

The initial letter medicinal is a plant that has been used in folk medicine since antiquity. His healing properties doctors used in healing Ancient Greece, Rome, curing numerous ailments - with its help they cleansed the body of harmful substances, causing vomiting, relieved constipation, relieved headaches, healed and disinfected wounds.

Description of the initial drug

The initial letter medicinal (in Latin - Stáchys officinalis, popularly - scrofula, shrike) - is a perennial upright plant of the Lamiaceae family with a fairly high (up to 1 meter), unbranched, tetrahedral, having a dense and hard cover of hairs stem; leaves with a short petiole ovate or heart-shaped - in the lower part, sessile lanceolate - near the inflorescences. The flowers of the plant are large, bisexual. Semi whorls of small flowers are collected in the axils of the leaves of the upper tier, at the top of the stem they form a large correct form spike inflorescence. root system the initial letter is fibrous, its basis is a perennial lignified rhizome. The fruit is dry, composite, consisting of four trihedral one-seeded brown nuts.

It grows almost everywhere, preferring:

High dry places of coniferous and mixed forests - clearings, edges, well-lit glades.
Dry meadows.

The initial flower blooms from June to the end of September, the fruits ripen from July to October.

Healing and beneficial properties of the initial letter

Thanks to his chemical composition the initial letter has whole line useful and healing properties for humans:

Strengthens immunity, blood circulation, metabolism.
Improves the process of blood clotting.
Normalizes blood pressure.
Heals and disinfects wounds.
Helps improve digestion.
It has pronounced analgesic, expectorant and choleretic effects.

The area of \u200b\u200bgrowth of the initial drug (video)

The chemical composition of the plant

The initial letter medicinal contains a large number of substances, among which most valuable to human body are:

Flavonoid glycosides (flavonoids) - up to 1.54%,
Essential oils(ethers) - up to 0.83%,
Alkaloids (stakhidrin, betonitsiy, choline) - up to 2.0-2.42%,
Resins - up to 5.72%,
Vitamins of groups C and K.
Tannins - up to 5.0%,
Carbonates - up to 1.0%.

Collection of medicinal herbs

The rhizome is used in folk medicine much less frequently.

Initial grass is harvested in the summer during the period of mass flowering of plants - in June-August. The collection is made in dry and clear weather, in the early morning, when the sun is not yet high in the sky, but the dew on the leaves has already dried up.

The stems are cut with a sharp sickle, knife or large tailor's scissors. Before the workpiece, the cutting edges are well sharpened. The use of blunt cutting accessories can lead to unwanted pinching of plant parts and the development of rot. When harvesting, do not cut off broken and withered plants, with signs of disease, pest damage. Be sure to leave for further propagation of at least 10% of the plants in the plot.

Plants growing near busy roads, farms, cemeteries, toilets, places affected by forest fires are unsuitable for medicinal purposes.

The cut grass is placed in a canvas bag in such a way that it lies in a sufficiently loose mass, is not injured or frayed. At home, the grass is sorted, cleaned of dirt and plants of a different species cut by mistake. Dry the drop cap, like a herb containing volatile essential oils, in well-ventilated dry attics, under sheds, in specially equipped drying cabinets at a temperature of no more than 45-50 degrees, laying out the plants in a thin even layer. Dried to readiness, the grass is crushed and stored in linen bags in a dry place for 3 years.

Rhizomes are harvested after the full ripening of the fruit - in September-October. Rhizomes dug out of the ground are washed and dried in the shade, the finished raw material is crushed.

Store rhizomes, like grass, for 3 years in canvas bags.

Storage of the initial drug (video)

The use of the initial letter in folk medicine

Properly collected and dried medicinal raw materials from the initial cap have a very extensive use in folk medicine for the preparation of water decoctions, alcohol tinctures, infusions, powders. Together with other herbs, the initial letter is part of the herbal medical fees and mixtures.

Decoctions of rhizomes

Decoctions of rhizomes in small doses are an excellent laxative. Apply them before meals at a dosage of 1 tablespoon per dose.

Water decoction. 15-20 grams of crushed rhizomes are poured into 200-300 ml clean water, boil over low heat for about 25-30 minutes. The resulting broth is allowed to cool, carefully filter it.
Decoction in milk. 15 grams of finely chopped rhizomes are poured into 500 ml of fatty homemade milk, for 25-30 minutes, the mixture is boiled over low heat, let it brew well for at least 2 hours and then filter.

Tinctures

Dry raw materials are poured with high-quality vodka, medical alcohol and insist until stable color in a dark place. A day take tincture 2-3 times a teaspoon, be sure to dilute it in 3 equal parts of boiled water.

infusions

Infusions are used to treat stomatitis, purulent tonsillitis, pulmonary bleeding, sinusitis and chronic sinusitis, as an expectorant for coughing with sputum, asthma, diarrhea, diseases of the liver, digestive organs, urinary tract; as a sedative. Take infusions 3-4 times a day immediately before meals

Infusions are prepared from the leaves, stems and rhizomes of the plant:

From leaves. A teaspoon of raw materials is poured with 200-300 grams of boiling water, allowed to brew thoroughly for at least 2 hours.
From grass. 2 tablespoons of well-chopped stems and leaves are poured with 200-250 grams of water, boiled well over high heat for about 5-7 minutes, after which they are allowed to brew for 20 minutes. The finished infusion is filtered and 35-40 grams (about 2 tablespoons) of good port are poured into it.
From leaves and roots. Half a spoonful of dry rhizomes and herbs are poured with 200 grams of boiling water, the resulting mixture is allowed to brew for at least 2 hours, after which the infusion is filtered

Powder

Finely ground powder from the grass is inhaled with a long-lasting runny nose, chronic headaches.

About contraindications

In addition to useful properties, the letter has a number of contraindications for diseases such as:

An acute form of gastritis, characterized by low acidity.
Hypotension (low blood pressure).
Varicose veins and thrombophlebitis.
In addition, the use of the initial letter during pregnancy is contraindicated, due to its enhancing effect on the tone of the uterus, which can lead to miscarriage.

As with synthetic medicines, when using a drop cap, so that its effect does not have negative impact on the body, it is necessary to consult a doctor.

How to collect a medicinal letter (video)

The useful properties of the initial letter, with the correct collection of medicinal raw materials, drying and application, will help to effectively deal with many ailments without resorting to many drugs. traditional medicine. Such treatment will not only be safer and very often productive, but will also help save money on the purchase. expensive drugs in a pharmacy.

In order not to lose the material, be sure to save it to your social network Vkontakte, Odnoklassniki, Facebook by simply clicking on the button below.

The initial letter officinalis, also called black, is a perennial herb belonging to the labial family. The plant has a straight, drooping, woolly and tetrahedral stem, ovate-heart-shaped hairy leaves arranged oppositely and spike-shaped inflorescences, in which flowers of deep purple color are collected. The total height of the plant does not exceed one meter. The fruits of the drop cap are 4 oblong nuts, located 2 in one cup.

The initial medicinal flower blooms throughout summer period. Fruit ripening occurs at the end of summer - the beginning of autumn.
characteristic feature medicinal initial letter can be called a bright bitter smell.

Grass grows abundantly throughout Russia, in Ukraine, in the Tien Shan mountain system, Pamir. The initial letter medicinal prefers to settle in mixed and coniferous forests, groves, in cemeteries, meadows, along roads.

Initial letter medicinal - healing properties

For medical purposes, the herb and root parts of the initial drug are used. The plant contains tannins and bitterness, which gives it expectorant, astringent, choleretic, diuretic and laxative properties. Medicines made from the initial letter are also known for their pain-relieving and sedative abilities. The herb helps to reduce blood pressure, normalization of metabolism, improvement of blood circulation and digestion.

The use of the initial drug in homeopathy and traditional medicine

ethnoscience and homeopathy widely use this plant.

Preparations based on the root parts of the medicinal initial are used internally as a laxative and emetic.
Decoctions and teas from the leaves are used for increased nervous activity, epileptic seizures, dizziness, headaches, migraines, constipation.
Outwardly, preparations based on the initial drug are used for ulcers, on open wounds and inflammation of the mucous membranes.
Homeopathy ascribes to the initial letter the ability to help with asthma and a tonic property.
Preparations based on the initial letter are also used for hemorrhoids, cystitis, colitis, disorders gastrointestinal tract, with gastritis, colitis, kidney and liver diseases.
Traditional medicine prescribes infusions from the roots and herbs of the initial drug for radiculitis, gout, cystitis and acute nervous disorders.
The hemostatic property of the initial cap allows it to be used for heavy uterine bleeding.
It is believed that the plant contributes to the normalization of metabolism, helps with atherosclerosis and hypertension.

Dosage forms

For medical purposes, infusions, decoctions, tinctures and teas based on the initial drug are used.

Tea. Manufactured on the basis dried herb plants. 1 st. pour a spoonful of raw materials with a glass of boiling water and leave to infuse for 15 minutes. Strain and chill. Apply to the treatment of mucous membranes or inside with gastrointestinal disorders. The daily maximum of the drug is 750 ml.
Infusion. Herb Infusion #1: 1 st. pour a spoonful of raw materials with a glass of boiling water and leave for about two hours. Strain and take 2 tbsp. spoons 3-4 aza a day. The drug is indicated for high blood pressure and nervous excitability. Can be used as an expectorant.
Herb Infusion #2: 2 tbsp. Spoons of grass pour a glass of boiling water and put on a low flame for 5 minutes. Then keep covered for 20 minutes. Strain and dilute 40-50 g of port. The drug is used for pulmonary bleeding.
Flower based tincture. Pour 1 part of dried flowers with 2 parts of vodka and keep in a dark place for at least two weeks. Strain before use. Indications for admission are fainting, nervous disorders, high blood pressure.
Root decoction. Pour 15-20 g of dry root with a glass of boiling water and cook over low heat for 20 minutes. Use internally for constipation.

Contraindications to the use of the initial drug

It is forbidden to use the initial letter when:

severe hypotension,
vascular thrombosis,
with gastritis with low acidity,
pregnancy,
individual intolerance.

Use funds from the drop cap should be very careful, not exceeding allowable dosage. With uncontrolled intake, it can occur toxic effect on the body, as the plant contains alkaloids and glycosides.