Agenesis of the right kidney. What is renal agenesis and how to treat such a pathology? Treatment and prevention
Knyazhik, also known as wild hop, or leaf climber, is the most beautiful liana of the Siberian and Far Eastern forests. Its bluish-purple or blue flowers on thin stems climbing the dark trunks of gloomy taiga trees, they create a fabulous picture.
The botanical genus Prince is represented by eight species. All of them grow in the forests of the Northern Hemisphere. In in natural conditions There are three species: large-petaled prince, Siberian and Okhotsk.
ABOUT INK AND PRINCES
Scientific Latin name plants - Mgadepe. Translated, it literally means “generator of ink.” And indeed, ink shades appear quite clearly in the deep purple color of the princely flowers.
The origin of the Russian name for this vine is not entirely clear. It is believed that it is associated with the word “prince”. Perhaps the plant was so named because of the shape of the flower, a little like a crown, or maybe because this vine climbs up the trees and seems to dominate them.
FALSE PETALS
Princes, like clematis, belong to the ranunculaceae family. These plants are very similar to each other, which is why some scientists classify them as one botanical genus. However, there is a significant difference between them, although almost imperceptible at first glance. In both princes and clematis, what we take for brightly colored large petals are actually sepals. U different types there can be from four to eight. But the prince, unlike clematis, has very small, pale, but still real petals. They are hidden inside the flower.
IN THE MOUNTAINS AND ON THE SEA COASTS
The habitat of the Prince of Okhotsk is Eastern Siberia, Kamchatka, Sakhalin, Kurile Islands, coast of the Sea of Okhotsk, Khabarovsk and Primorsky territories, Amur region. Outside our country, the plant can be found in, Korea and. The usual habitats of the Prince of Okhotsk are coniferous and deciduous forests. This liana can grow both on the edges and on rocky slopes, at an altitude of up to 1100 m above sea level. In sparse grass meadow communities sea coasts it takes on a creeping form, covering the ground with a patterned carpet.
BRIGHT FLOWERS AND FLUFFY FRUITS
Prince of Okhotsk is an elegant shrub vine with a thin, up to 5-7 mm in diameter, woody stem. It easily climbs up towards the sun, over other plants, be it trees or tall grass, growing in nature up to 6 m in length. The leaves of the prince are complex, double-triple. That is, on each petiole there are three groups, each with three pointed segments with a serrated edge. With the help of long petioles, the vine entwines other plants, for which it is sometimes called a leaf climber.
Prince of Okhotsk blooms in May - June. It has four long, up to 6 cm, sepals, covered with soft pubescence. Their color can be violet-blue, azure, and sometimes white. Under the sepals are hidden numerous true petals, densely covered with short hairs. They are narrow, white, widened at the top, and do not exceed the length of the stamens, so it is very difficult to understand that these are real petals.
The prince blooms for quite a long time, 2-3 weeks, after which numerous and very elegant fruits and nuts are formed. They are collected in capitate fluffy fruits, which finally ripen in August-September. Distinctive feature nuts - long feathery columns yellowish color, by which the wind picks them up and carries them throughout the area. In fruit, the plant looks as elegant as in flower.
ARCHES AND PERGOLAS
Princes, like clematis, are exclusively decorative, so they are often grown in gardens and parks. Since these vines are attached not by tendrils, which they do not have, but by leaf petioles, it is better to use a net as a support rather than thick bars. Arbors are often covered with princes.
These ornamental plants are very popular among landscape designers. With their help, you can create stunning vertical shapes, flowering hedges, arches, and pergolas in your garden. In the southern regions, roses are entwined with these vines: the result is a very elegant bush, on which such different flowers coexist.
Prince of Okhotsk is a winter-hardy species. In the garden, they look for a semi-shaded place with fertile, well-moistened soil. The flowers of the large-petalled princeling are very beautiful, they look double. But this species is rarely grown because it does not tolerate cold well and needs shelter for the winter.
IT IS IMPORTANT TO KNOW
All parts of the plant are used in Mongolian and Tibetan folk medicine. They are used to stimulate cardiac activity, as well as for edema, gastritis and stomach cancer. Tincture of princely leaves has a general strengthening effect. The plant produces a large number of phytoncides, which are effective in combating certain pathogens of infectious diseases.
A BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF
Kingdom: plants.
Department: angiosperms.
Class: dicotyledonous.
Order: Ranunculaceae.
Family: Ranunculaceae.
Genus: prince.
Type: Prince of Okhotsk.
Latin name: Atragene ochotensis.
Size: length - 3-6 m.
Life form: liana.
Life expectancy of a prince: 7-10 years.
Knyazhik is an incredibly beautiful shrub plant, often used for landscaping garden plots. The plant belongs to the genus Clematis from the Buttercup family. The first mention of this vine was found in encyclopedic dictionaries late 19th – early 20th centuries. At this time, the plant was known as wild hop or bindweed. Such names are due to the fact that the plant has woody stems, which, as they grow, cling to support with the petioles of their leaves.
Princely varieties for the Moscow region
This is the closest relative of another flower popular among gardeners -. Their main difference lies in the structure of the flowers. The prince has them correct form. Their color range varies widely.
Flowers most often have the following colors:
- red-violet;
- purple;
- pink;
- blue;
- white or lilac.
The root system of the vine is quite fragile, and the leaves are located oppositely. Only three species of this plant are found in Russia. The most common type is the Siberian princeling, which is also used in folk medicine. This species is most often found in coniferous forests. The plant loves light and reaches a height of 3 m. Following it are species such as large-petalled and Okhotsk.
No less popular is the Prince Purple Dream variety with large flowers, the diameter of which reaches 10-12 cm. Its buds are double during any flowering period. The plant has a pleasant aroma with grapefruit notes. Adult specimens reach a height of 2 meters. This is an excellent option for combination with perennials, as well as roses and decorative shrubs.
Which variety should I choose?
If we look at the princelings in more detail, the varieties of this plant are very similar in appearance, but have some distinctive features. The variety Ballet Skert with soft pink flowers also stands out. It can be used to form living curtains for arches or trellises in the garden. Prince Lemon Dream, a gentle lemon shade, also looks great. Its sepals are slightly elongated with wavy edges. The plant blooms in May, and in the summer this phenomenon repeats, but not so abundantly. The plant can be used as a ground cover crop.
Gardeners do not ignore the Alpine Prince with beautiful flowers pink or purple. Its homeland is considered to be Central and Southern Europe. Flowering usually begins between May and June. If you create favorable conditions, then the plant, as in the case of other varieties, will bloom again in summer period. It is better to choose moist soil. The most favorable location is in partial shade.
Princes: choosing a place and time of landing
Caring for them is not so difficult, but you need to follow certain rules. For planting, it is preferable to choose illuminated areas, but if necessary, the Siberian princeling, photos of which are presented in large numbers, can grow in partial shade, which also distinguishes it favorably from related clematis. 
However, you should avoid drafts and also take care of protection from cold winds. Since the plant is a vine, support structures will be required. These can also be garden fences. During winter, you can forget about caring for the prince, since it is a fairly frost-resistant crop that does not require additional shelter.
Most favorable period planting the prince in the garden - May.
The end of August is also suitable for this. If you plan to buy princely varieties for the Moscow region in Moscow, then it is worth considering that two-year-old seedlings take root most easily. These can also be cuttings with a root system, but of the same age. Before planting, the soil must be enriched with humus or ordinary manure. To disinfect it, you can use a solution of potassium permanganate. The liana will grow better if you create a drainage layer of approximately 10 cm. The soil is prepared long before planting.
Rules for planting and caring for princes
Like the prince, it needs regular watering - about once a week or 10 days. After two days, the soil can be loosened to retain moisture longer. In summer, when the air temperature rises greatly, more frequent use is allowed - 2-3 times a week. Before wintering, the plant also needs abundant watering. You should fertilize the soil no more than 2 times a month. As soon as the first shoots appear, fertilizing should be done. Next, the procedure is repeated during the formation of buds. To make the plant feel better during flowering, it is worth reapplying fertilizers. If you choose organic ingredients, then liquid or mullein would be the most suitable option. Some gardeners recommend using bird droppings for this in a ratio of 1:15. Before applying any type of fertilizer, the plant should be watered thoroughly.
There are three options for pruning plants from this family. It is worth noting that most varieties do not require pruning at all, as they belong to the group of vines that bloom on last year’s growths. In this case, it is enough to carry out preventive actions, i.e. remove dried branches and remove faded flowers. In order to form a certain shape, you can autumn period When flowering has finished, slightly adjust the plant. 
Reproduction methods
Seed propagation rarely allows preserving the varietal qualities of plants of this species. Before direct sowing, a so-called two-month stratification is required. To do this, the seeds are added to the sand and then placed in a cold place, preferably a refrigerator. Thanks to this, seedlings appear already in the third month after planting. If this is not done, the process will drag on for up to 8-9 months. At first, the seedlings should be protected from light and watered regularly. Young specimens are transplanted to a permanent location in the autumn months.
The method of dividing a bush is also common among gardeners, although it is not as effective. This is due to the fact that already adult specimens do not tolerate changes in location well and have difficulty taking root. At the same time, only adult princelings can be used for division.
A proven method of propagation is cuttings. For this, summer cuttings are used, and their rooting is carried out in greenhouse conditions. The main thing is to adhere to a certain temperature of up to 25 degrees for this period. For accelerated emergence a growth stimulator can be used in the root system. Within a month, the first results appear. In more than half of the cases, cuttings proceed successfully. The substrate for this is usually a mixture of expanded clay and sand. Landing at a permanent place is carried out no earlier than a year after this.
Prince of Siberia: medicinal properties and contraindications
This plant is considered not only decorative, but also beneficial for health. ABOUT medicinal properties princes have been known for a long time. ethnoscience ranks them among the plants that can be successfully used to treat tumors. IN currently Plants of this family are actively used in antitumor therapies. This is due to the presence in their composition of such useful substances, like magnesium, iron, sodium and others. Experts also note antibacterial, regenerating and restorative properties medicinal plant.
IN medicinal purposes Not only flowers, but also young shoots can be used. The procurement of raw materials is carried out during the flowering period. The collected grass must be processed. Drying is carried out first in the sun, and then under a canopy.
It should be noted that the prince is not suitable for fresh use.
Traditional medicine recommends preparing infusions and decoctions based on it. Ready-made products have a great effect on the functioning of the heart, stimulate metabolism, eliminate inflammatory processes gastric mucosa, and also cope well with headaches. The plant can also be used to treat female diseases.
However, in any case, before this you will need to consult a doctor, since the prince, like any treatment plant It also has contraindications. This poisonous grass, the use of which is strictly prohibited during gestation. Paroxysmal tachycardia is another reason to abandon tinctures and decoctions of princely. Doctors are also skeptical about the use of this herb in the presence of extrasystole.
How to distinguish princes from clematis - video
They differ in the structure of the flower. The drooping “bells” of the prince consist of small, inconspicuous petals bordered by larger sepals. But clematis has no petals at all - we take colored sepals for a flower. Princes Word сlematis goes back to ancient Greek clema- mustache. However, clematis is attached not by antennae (it does not have them), but by petioles and young leaves - it is they that cover the support when touched. Therefore, rope or wire mesh is best suited for support, rather than thick wooden blocks. The same applies to princes.
The most persistent of them are a gardener's dream come to life of a beautifully flowering vine that does not need to be pruned or removed from its support and covered for the winter. They freeze only in the frostiest years. When the coverings are just removed from large-flowered clematis, the princelings are already covered with foliage. Their flowering lasts about three weeks. Prince Alpine blooms first and is replaced by Okhotsk , and then Siberian . After flowering, beautiful silvery twisted curls of fluffy fruits appear - “dandelions”. Planting these three species together will help create beautiful “long-lasting” compositions. Princes also look great on supports such as bushes. And this is no coincidence, because these vines are undergrowth plants.
Prince Alpine (A. alpina) originally from Central and Southern Europe. It rises along supports to a height of up to 3 meters. It blooms in May-June on last year's shoots with single drooping blue-violet flowers from 2 to 6 cm in diameter from four sepals. It has a pleasant feature for gardeners - sometimes it blooms again at the end of summer - beginning of autumn on the shoots of the current year. It needs to be formed from the very beginning. Mature plants are rejuvenated by cutting two buds from the base. This princeling was one of the first to be introduced into cultivation, and many varieties of different shades were obtained from it.
Prince of Okhotsk (A. ochotensis) distributed in Primorye. Its thin, almost herbaceous stems reach 3 meters in height. Large, up to 4 cm long, single “bells” with 4-8 very dark, violet-blue or azure sepals appear in June on the shoots of the previous year. This is one of the most frost-resistant princes.
Prince of Siberia (A. sibirica) is sometimes called “wild hop” or “Siberian vine” - its vines reach 3 m. Indeed, it inhabits the European part of Russia and Siberia. Large bell-shaped flowers 3-4 cm long with white or yellowish-white sepals, covered with soft hairs, appear in July-August and sometimes again in the fall. They have a pleasant subtle aroma and contain a large amount of nectar, so there is always a vibrant bee life around the Siberian princeling. This vine grows well in partial shade and open areas. Flowering lasts longer in shade. This prince brought to modern varieties White color and high winter hardiness.
Prince large-petalled (A. macropetala) - liana with shoots up to 3 m, native Eastern Siberia And Far East, China and Korea. Large drooping blue-purple flowers differ in shape from the rest of the princes. Four outer sepals, 4-5 cm long, cover the narrower lobes located inside, making the flower look “double”. This prince blooms a week later than the Alpine one. Unlike other princes, he prefers a sunny location. Of all those listed, it is the least winter-hardy: it is better to remove it from its support for the winter, mulch the root collar and cover the shoots.
Princes grow well in loose, fertile neutral or slightly alkaline soils. Responsive to moderate watering, but cannot tolerate stagnant water. They prefer warm sunny places, but grow well in light shade. Bottom part It is advisable to shade the plants. For example, hostas, which can be planted at a distance of 40-50 cm from the base of the vine.
The planting hole must be made deep enough - at least 50 x 50 cm. Planting, replanting and dividing are best done in the spring, before growth begins, since the shoots are very fragile and can be seriously damaged during transplantation.
In the first year of life, in dry weather, abundant watering is required. During the season there should be at least three liquid feedings - alternately with organic and mineral fertilizers. It is especially important to feed in the spring, at the beginning of growth, and before budding. If you have planted species whose flowers form on last year's shoots, in the spring you need to do formative and sanitary pruning. To ensure that the plant remains decorative, promptly remove damaged and dried stems.
Varieties are propagated by cuttings and division of rhizomes, but most easily by layering. To do this, in the spring, young stems are bent and covered with earth. They can take root during the summer. in spring next year They will only have to be separated from the mother plant and replanted.
They grow well in loose, fertile, neutral or slightly alkaline soils.
Responsive to moderate watering, but cannot tolerate stagnant water.
They prefer warm sunny places, but grow well in light shade. It is advisable to shade the lower part of the plants. For example, hostas, which can be planted at a distance of 40-50 cm from the base of the vine.
One of the beautifully flowering vines, and also one that does not require pruning and covering for the winter, is the prince. It is often called clematis.
This is partly true, because until recently the princes were part of, and only recently they were separated into a separate independent group, which includes eight species of this wonderful vine.
Attention to the princes did not arise by chance. At a time when clematis are just beginning to grow leaves, these climbing plants are already completely leafy and are preparing to delight with flowering, which occurs in April - early May.
On sale, princelings are still often called clematis, sometimes with the clause “small-flowered.” But they can be distinguished by the shape of the flower. Prince flowers have a bell-shaped drooping shape, while clematis flowers open almost horizontally.
Kinds
Of those princelings that grow in the forests of our country, the following are grown in gardens:
- large-petalled;
- Siberian;
- prince of Okhotsk.
In addition to them, the Alpine prince is found.
The Alpine representative is one of the first to begin to bloom, followed by the Okhotsk and Siberian ones. Proper planting of different types of princelings and clematis will help create constantly blooming compositions.
Prince Alpine
As the name suggests, this representative of the princely family comes from the mountainous regions of Europe. Its height can reach 3 meters. A real alpine prince has a flower with four petals of blue-violet color, up to 6 cm in diameter. But the princely varieties bred by breeders on its basis can already have a variety of colors.
The Alpine princeling can give a second bloom, not as abundant, of course, as the spring one, but still beautiful and pleasant. The second flowering may occur on shoots that have grown during this year; accordingly, you can admire the flowers of this vine in late summer - early autumn. Old vines are rejuvenated by cutting them at a height of 2-3 buds from the base of the bush.
Prince of Okhotsk grows everywhere in the forests of the Primorsky Territory of the Far East. The height of its shoots reaches the same height as its alpine counterpart, three meters in height. However, the size and shape of the flowers differs significantly. Okhotsk has small flowers with 4-8 petals in blue, purple or other shades of this direction. This species is considered the most frost-resistant.
Prince of Siberia , unlike those mentioned above, blooms in July or August. And the color of its large flowers, 3-4 cm long, is white or yellowish, which made it possible for breeders to experiment when breeding new varieties. Repeated flowering may occur in the fall on the current year's shoots. Large flowers, covered with tiny hairs, have a thin nice smell what attracts great amount insects, and the first here, of course, are bees. Siberian princeling can grow well both in partial shade and in sunny places. Moreover, in partial shade, flowering lasts longer.
Prince large-petalled permanent resident of Siberia and the Far East. Its flowers are interesting, which can be called almost double, which is unrealistic for other species of princeling. The four upper petals, about 4 to 5 cm long, which, in general, are not parts of the flower at all, but sepals, hide the inner smaller and narrower petals. This species blooms a little later than the Alpine prince with blue-purple flowers.
You need to choose a sunny location for it. Unlike other species, this princeling is the most susceptible to frost. To preserve it, it is recommended to remove the shoots from their supports and cover them for the winter, while simultaneously covering the root collar with dry soil or peat.
Growing
Planting and caring for princelings is no different from the clematis that was written about. Just like them, the princes cannot stand marshy and damp places, they are afraid strong winds. Being understory plants, their heads love the sun and their legs love shade. Princes are not picky about soil; they grow well in any soil, but better in fertile, breathable soil with neutral acidity. In dry weather, they require abundant watering, especially young plants in their first year of life.
The princeling should be fed three times - at the beginning of the growing season of shoots, during budding, and after flowering. Fertilizers are used both organic - mullein or bird droppings, and mineral - complex or urea solution. Bush-forming pruning is carried out in the spring, at which time all dry and diseased shoots are removed. Transplantation, if required, is best done in the spring, when there are no shoots of the current year, which are distinguished by their fragility.
Reproduction
The princeling can be propagated by seeds, layering, cuttings, and dividing the rhizome. Princeweed seeds are sown in containers in the fall and buried in the ground. That is, the seeds are subjected to cold stratification.
Cuttings are cut at the end of June - beginning of July from the middle part of the shoot so that each cutting has one or two internodes. An oblique cut 3-5 cm long is made under the lower node. Cuttings are planted after 5-10 cm with the bud buried 2-3 mm into the ground. Rooting is carried out in greenhouses at a temperature of +20-25 degrees with periodic soil moistening and ventilation. Our constant assistant, a cut plastic bottle, can serve as a greenhouse.
Reproduction by dividing the bush is carried out in the spring before the beginning of the growing season. I dig up old bushes 4-5 years old completely and divide them so that each part of the division has its own roots and renewal buds. Divided parts of the bush are planted with the lower bud deepened by 8-10 cm.
Reproduction by layering is the simplest and most trouble-free. In spring, young shoots are bent to the ground, pinned and covered with soil on top. Rooting may occur during the season. And next year you will only need to separate the young plants from the mother bush and plant them in the chosen place.
Purchased princelings with a closed root system, i.e. in a container, can be planted in a permanent place at any time of the season.
Video about Clematis– in this series we’ll talk about clematis, clematis pruning groups and where it’s best to plant clematis. Let's start with
Clematis - video
Today we will try to give tips and recommendations for growing clematis, since today there is no shortage of planting material. Many people have already bought and tried to plant clematis, but very often problems and questions arise about growing clematis. Let's try to resolve these issues today.
Let's start with systematization - what are clematis, what are princelings? Let's start with a few words on this issue, and then we'll talk about planting and caring for clematis.
Clematis are divided into three groups, as everyone knows, according to the method of pruning. The first group is not pruned at all and remains to spend the winter on supports. The second group is pruning at a height of about a meter from the ground. The third group is pruning at a height of 10-15 cm from the ground, i.e. in October, the entire above-ground part is cut off. To cover or not is the second question.
The first group of clematis mainly includes princelings. Now there are a lot of them: terry, and not terry, and blue, and red, and white. Princes are very different from large-flowered clematis both in appearance and in growing conditions - in everything, but princes give people the opportunity to special effort have a flowering support on the site at a height of several meters (4-5-6 meters), and abundant May flowering. It is very important to know that the princelings are not removed from the support; this vine is winter-hardy. They are planted immediately in a permanent place with constant support. There is no longer any need to disturb him after landing. The larger it grows, the more leaves it will produce in the summer, and the more flowers it will have in the spring. Sometimes you can also get flowering in August, but it will, of course, not be as abundant as in May. Many people are also attracted to the seed pods that form after clematis bloom.
Princes can grow in one place for a very long time, but there is one caveat. After several years of growth in one place, the entire flowering part of the princelings rises to the top, and the bottom becomes bare. Therefore, it would be nice to plant some flowers near the princes that would fill this void. Some gardeners say that you can cut it off, and then new shoots will appear, but everyone decides for themselves. But usually, reducing the decorativeness of the princes in the lower part is solved by planting some perennials near it, which cover the exposed part. But when planting perennials, you need to take into account the size of the plant’s root system. Buzulnik and knyazhik can prevent a friend from receiving required quantity light and nutrition. And buddleia will not only well cover the bare shoots of the prince, but will also delight you with fragrant flowering.
Do I need to trim and shape the princes? Everyone decides this for themselves. You may or may not trim it.
The second group of clematis is the clematis itself. They usually bloom for the first time in May-June, and for the second time in August-September. In May-June, clematis of the second group bloom on the shoots of the previous year, and in August-September - on the shoots of the current year. Typically, the second group includes highly decorative clematis: large-flowered and double. By the way, double flowers usually appear on last year’s shoots. On the shoots of the current year, as a rule, non-double flowers are formed. To get double flowers all the time, cut the clematis to a height of about 1 meter above the ground, put the shoots, cover them and save them until next year. You can cover it with a box, spruce branches, or film. Typically, clematis are quite winter-hardy, although the second group is more delicate. It even happens that clematis are not covered for some reason, but in most cases they still do not freeze out.
In the spring, when the snow has melted and the frosts have passed, you need to lift the clematis and attach it to a support. And it is on these shoots that double flowers will form. These shoots will give rise to young shoots, which will produce non-double flowers at the end of summer.
