First aid for renal colic. First aid for renal colic algorithm

June 15, 2017 Vrach

If a person has renal colic, his health is seriously affected. There is a strong pain syndrome, sometimes it becomes simply unbearable. How to relieve pain? There are many ways, but it is important to use only those that do not harm and will be aimed at treating the underlying disease.

First aid

With the development of a painful attack, you need to urgently call an ambulance. Patients, as a rule, are taken to a hospital, and after acute colic is removed, treatment is carried out at home. Before the arrival of a team of doctors, you need to try to alleviate the suffering of the patient by removing the pain syndrome. First aid is allowed to be provided to a person with left-sided colic and with a history of renal pathologies, when there is no doubt about the diagnosis. If there is right-sided colic, the diagnosis of inflammation of the appendix should be ruled out before taking any drugs.

To reduce the strength of the attack, the following measures are allowed:

Strengthen the drinking regime.
Apply a warm heating pad, a bottle, a bag of sand to the lumbar region (allowed only for recurring colic against the background of the movement of a large stone with an established diagnosis). You can also take a hot sitz bath for 10-15 minutes.
Give the patient painkillers or antispasmodics to relax smooth muscles, against inflammation and acute pain. Baralgin, Papaverin, No-shpa, Revalgin tablets help well. If there is a health worker in the family, the same drugs can be administered intramuscularly.
In the absence of these drugs, it is allowed to dissolve a Nitroglycerin tablet to anesthetize an attack.

What can not be done as first aid measures? It is forbidden to take large doses of analgesics, especially if they do not have the desired effect. Also, do not heat the lumbar area for a long time, it is better to carry out a short thermal procedure, and then apply dry heat to the back (wrap it with a scarf, scarf). Any warming up is prohibited if there is an increased body temperature, because in this case the cause of the disease is the inflammatory process.

Treatment in the hospital and at home

There are a number of indications for hospitalization and treatment in a hospital:

renal colic on both sides;
an attack in a child or a pregnant woman;
the presence of only one kidney;
lack of effect from home therapy;
elderly age;
the presence of complications;
development of colic against the background of pyelonephritis, tumors;
the appearance of frequent, severe vomiting;
a sharp increase in body temperature;
lack of urination.

To relieve an attack, drugs are injected in injections using the above antispasmodics, non-narcotic analgesics (a mixture of Novocain with glucose, Pipolfen, Halidor, Atropine, Diphenhydramine, Diclofenac, Ketonal, Promedol, Platifillin, Maksigan). You can use non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in tablets, suppositories.

The use of painkillers and drugs for spasms of smooth muscles is continued until the stone passes, the patient's condition improves. Antibiotics are prescribed if the cause of colic is an inflammatory process, or it occurs against the background of pyelonephritis. In the absence of the effect of medications and acute urinary retention, ureteral catheterization is performed. Often you have to do emergency surgery (endoscopic or abdominal methods) to remove the calculus.

As the attack subsides and the patient's health returns to normal, the patient is discharged. At home, a further course of therapy is necessarily performed. It may include such drugs:

Means for optimizing blood circulation in the renal vessels - Pentoxifylline, Trental.
Uroantiseptics to relieve inflammation - Furomag, Nitroxoline.
Medicines to improve the functioning of the entire urinary system and dissolve calculi - Olimetin, Urocholum, Litovit, Uro-Vaksom, Canephron, Cyston.

Folk recipes

Any alternative methods of therapy are allowed to be used only with the approval of a doctor. Renal colic can be accompanied by serious diseases of the urinary system, which are dangerous and sometimes lead to death. It is important not to delay treatment in a hospital, hoping for folk remedies.

Stories from our readers

“I was able to cure the KIDNEYS with the help of a simple remedy, which I learned about from an article by a UROLOGIST with 24 years of experience Pushkar D.Yu ...”

There are the following recipes:

Brew a glass of horsetail grass in 2 liters of boiling water, leave for 2 hours. Strain, pour into a warm bath. Take a bath for 15 minutes.
You need to eat watermelons (300-700 g per day), since this product has a diuretic effect and relieves colic attacks - removes stones from the ureter.
With acute pain, take a cabbage leaf, crush it in your hands. Apply to the area of the affected kidney with a warm cloth, leave until the condition is relieved.
Brew a tablespoon of birch buds with 300 ml of boiling water, leave for an hour. Drink 100 ml of infusion three times a day. It is advisable to use such therapy in a course of 7-10 days.

Prevention of pathology

To no longer suffer from pain symptoms, you should follow the doctor's recommendations for the treatment of all kidney diseases. It is necessary to find out the causes of the appearance of stones in the kidneys and act on them with the help of drugs, diet. In the absence of contraindications, it is necessary to increase the water regime. Salt in the diet should not exceed the norm allowed by the doctor. Also, as a preventive measure, you should give up smoking and alcohol, lead an active lifestyle, prevent hypothermia and the appearance of foci of infection in the body. In this case, the risk of exacerbations of kidney disease will be minimal.

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Swelling of the face and legs, PAIN in the lower back, PERMANENT weakness and fatigue, painful urination? If you have these symptoms, then there is a 95% chance of kidney disease.

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This is a fast-acting German kidney repair remedy that has been used all over the world for many years. The uniqueness of the drug is:

Eliminates the cause of pain and brings the kidneys to their original state.
German capsules eliminate pain already in the first course of use, and help to completely cure the disease.
There are no side effects and no allergic reactions.

Of course, renal colic (in essence) is definitely not a certain disease. Renal colic is only a certain symptom, indicating (moreover, with rather bright, pronounced or acute manifestations) that something is not happening right in this organism as it should be.

It is believed that acute pain is usually the main manifestation that accompanies renal colic. It should be noted that it is renal colic, the main first aid, the development of which should be focused specifically on the speedy elimination of the pain syndrome, which, in terms of the frequency of its occurrence, occupies the second place today. It immediately follows the manifestations of acute forms of appendicitis.

The main causes of the development of renal colic

It is believed that the following dangerous conditions can be distinguished as the main causes of the development of such a condition as renal colic:

Long run.
Various disorders in the physiologically normal mineral metabolism in the body.
The development of both acute and chronic pyelonephritis.
The development of various forms.
Development .
Numerous neoplastic neoplasms seen in the region of the kidneys.
In addition, various diseases that are directly related to the normal functions of the male prostate gland.

Note that about 38 percent of the cases of the formation of this condition, the real causes of the development of renal colic cannot be reliably determined. However, the most common reason for this is the presence of an old urolithiasis in a patient, in fact, in which there is usually an acute blockage of the lumen of the thin ureter (a kind of stone).

Renal colic always requires treatment, and as soon as possible to the doctor. Moreover, we note that it is extremely important to do this absolutely in any case, and even when the pain has already let go by itself and even quickly enough.

And the point here is that the state of renal colic can in some cases indicate to the doctor the presence of extremely dangerous diseases, the treatment of which must sometimes begin immediately. As a rule, such conditions or diseases could include, for example, various tumors (whether benign or cancerous).

It is believed that a state of renal colic can appear suddenly, even against the background of absolute health and completely normal well-being of the person himself. The main feature of renal colic is the pronounced severity of the painful manifestations that accompany this condition as a whole.

Usually, the patient has a rather sharp and severe pain, which is concentrated in the region of the lower lumbar spine. Moreover, this pain can have a pulsating character.

Note that, as a rule, by changing the previously occupied position of the body in such a situation, it will definitely not work to reduce the intensity of pain. Most often, when changing the position of the body, acute pain usually not only does not subside, but the patient can usually be in an extremely restless state. Sometimes patients reach almost states similar to pain shock.

In addition, often acute renal colic may be accompanied by symptoms that clearly indicate a general intoxication of the body. And this usually manifests itself in a pronounced tremor (strong tremor) of all limbs, in nausea and even severe vomiting, in the development of general weakness and sometimes in impaired consciousness.

In the vast majority of cases, renal colic may be accompanied by intestinal paresis, which occurs at a strictly reflex level. This is a kind of reaction of the human body to such a pronounced pain syndrome. All this manifests itself in the form of a sharp difficulty in passing gases, in the form of constipation, and severe bloating.

As already mentioned, renal colic, always, in all cases, when it occurs, requires a strictly mandatory and urgent appeal to a qualified doctor. Moreover, it is necessary to call a doctor, regardless of the intensity of the pain sensations that are relevant for this condition and on how long the acute attack of pain lasts.

Signs of the development of renal colic can often indicate the development of completely different diseases, in which emergency specialized medical care is required without fail. For example, it can develop either an ectopic pregnancy. Just like renal colic, an attack or pancreatitis can manifest itself, and actually almost any other pathology.

Often, renal colic can be misdiagnosed and confused with intestinal obstruction, and all this is more than justified - after all, the clinical picture of these diseases can be almost identical.

In reality, the provision of first aid in the development of renal colic, as a rule, requires complete conviction in the diagnosis. It is important to understand before providing first aid that the matter lies precisely in this emergency condition. Accordingly, first of all, to determine the exact condition, physicians perform a detailed assessment of the main signs of the development of renal colic.

In this case, it is necessary to pay maximum attention to the main manifestations of the pain syndrome, which in this condition has a cramping character. Necessarily in this case, one more factor is taken into account - namely, frequent urination in the patient.

In particular, primary medical care in the development of renal colic is to urgently provide the patient with dry heat. However, if the patient has an increase in body temperature and even a violation of consciousness, then this item must be skipped as a measure of implementation.

In cases where the patient has a completely normal body temperature and really developed renal colic, the most effective first aid technique may be a warm bath. At the same time, it will be necessary to take a bath in a sitting position, and in no case in a lying position. The water in the bathroom should be as warm as possible, even hot, as far as it is possible in principle for the patient.

Although, even in this regard, doctors have their own contraindication. For example, if a patient suffering from the development of renal colic is an elderly person or a person with one or another serious disease associated with the functionality of the cardiovascular system, a hot bath is not suitable.

Also, if we are talking about a person who has previously had a myocardial infarction or in any of its forms, then a definitely hot bath for such patients is simply unacceptable. Of course, in such complex cases, primary care during the development of renal colic may be the use of severely limited.

For example, just a heating pad is suitable, which will need to be laid on the area of \u200b\u200bthe sore lower back. In addition, mustard plasters can also be used for this problem, which will also need to be placed directly in the area where the kidneys are located.

What to do to relieve an attack of uncomplicated renal colic

We will focus exclusively on those cases where renal colic is not accompanied by the development of acute pyelonephritis. In such cases, to provide first aid to the patient, it is necessary:

Initially, provide the patient with the most complete rest.
Doctors recommend starting treatment with the use of any thermal procedures (this can be the same hot bath or heating pads on the lumbar region or abdomen). In order to eliminate the spasm as soon as possible, as well as to restore the full output of urine, such patients can be administered painkillers or antispasmodic drugs.
As a rule, in the absence of the desired effect from all of the above measures, literally after ten or fifteen minutes, injections with narcotic painkillers can be prescribed to the patient.
It must be remembered that any thermal procedures, as well as the use of narcotic analgesics, are allowed only after a guaranteed exclusion from the patient of another acute surgical pathology associated with certain abdominal organs.
As a rule, in the complete absence of the intended effect even from all of the above therapy, the patient requires emergency hospitalization, moreover, in the surgical or urological department of the hospital. And there, the patient may undergo urgent ureteral catheterization, possibly puncture nephrostomy, or other strictly surgical treatment.
And finally, a patient with the development of renal colic, which is complicated by an acute form of pyelonephritis (which is accompanied by high body temperature), is undoubtedly subject to urgent and immediate hospitalization for inpatient treatment. And most importantly, be hospitalized without the slightest attempt at any of the above treatment options. In this case, any thermal procedures are strictly contraindicated!

Urolithiasis of the kidneys is a fairly common pathology that provokes the development of renal colic. This condition is caused by severe pain in the back of the back. In addition, there is a violation of urination and the general condition of the patient worsens. With such an attack, it is important to properly provide a person with first aid, so the issue of medical care at home will become especially relevant.

Signs of renal colic

In order to timely and correctly provide the patient with first aid for renal colic, you should know the symptoms of this attack, which are expressed as follows:

Sudden feeling of severe nausea and vomiting.
A state close to feverish.
Bloating.
Cramping, sharp pain that radiates to the lower back and lower back. Often it affects the genitals.
Painful sensation when urinating.
The appearance of flatulence.
The presence of blood in the urine.
Violation of the outflow of urine, with this disease, it may be completely absent, which requires immediate treatment by a medical specialist.

The manifestation of these signs indicates the occurrence of renal colic, which can cause significant harm to health and lead to death in severe conditions. Therefore, it is imperative to know the symptoms and be able to provide first aid before the arrival of doctors.

With complications and severe conditions, the patient feels very unwell, cold sweat, dizziness appears, even fainting and a strong drop in blood pressure are possible, which is accompanied by coldness of the upper and lower extremities.

First aid at home

What to do with renal colic? When an attack occurs, it is especially important to accurately help the patient at home. Because often in the first periods of time there are strong, sharp pains and other symptoms.

His further condition and the process of recovery depend on this. For a successful outcome, you need to know what first aid should be for renal colic, what should be done in the first hours and what should not be done.

With renal colic, the emergency care algorithm is as follows:

The patient is recommended to be laid down and well wrapped with a blanket, creating a warm microclimate for him.
After you need to restore the function of urine outflow, remove severe spasms. To do this, I use a heating pad, which is placed in the crotch area. At the same time, its temperature should not be very high, but acceptable for the body.
Give an injection with an antispasmodic. They will help relieve pain and help normalize the outflow of urine. Mostly used drugs Spazmalgon, Baralgin and others.

Give the patient a comfortable position so that the level of the kidneys becomes higher than the bladder.
It is necessary to prepare a special vessel so that the patient can empty himself. In this case, urination should not be tolerated in any case.
When the drug has an effect on the body, it will be necessary to empty the bladder. For this, the patient is comfortably seated and an additional warm heating pad is applied to the affected kidney.

To stop an attack of urolithiasis at home, in addition to the drugs prescribed by a specialist, others are prohibited to the patient. Because during the period of renal colic, the kidneys experience a strong load, urine is formed in small quantities, and taking other drugs can provoke intoxication and complications.

Algorithm of action after relief of an attack

After emergency care has been carried out for renal colic of the first phase, it is necessary to move on to the second. You should ask the patient about his well-being, the presence of pain and other complaints. It may take several hours to restore the function of urine outflow. Therefore, you need to carefully monitor the person so that his condition does not worsen.

If the patient feels satisfactory and does not complain about anything, you can allow him to take a warm bath. But before that, you need to measure the body temperature, if it is low, allow water procedures. In the presence of a temperature above 40 ° C, the bath is prohibited, as complications may arise and an abscess may develop.

If necessary, the patient can be given an ammonia solution or Corvalol, in case it gets bad. But you should wait a little with painkillers, they can only be prescribed by a medical specialist.

After 6 hours after the attack, the patient should be given cardiac drugs that will help strengthen and restore the work of the heart, since during the period of renal colic it experienced no less stress than the kidneys.

If over time the patient does not feel better, you can again apply the injection of antispasmodics:

No-shpu;
Baralgin,

Of all these remedies, No-shpa has less pharmacological action, but is also used in the disease.

Pain can also be relieved with injections. For example, a mixture of drugs Pipolfen and Analgin is well used. Since the first drug is able to have a sedative effect, the patient can fall asleep for a while and completely relax.

After that, you can offer the patient hot tea with lemon, which, if desired, can be replaced with rose hips or cranberries. But at the same time, it is also necessary to observe and control the outflow of urine.

Subject to all the rules, the algorithm of actions in the provision of first aid will be correct and the patient will recover. Otherwise, complications and deterioration of general well-being are possible.

What should be considered when providing first aid?

Renal colic is characterized by the appearance of a severe attack, which reduces a person's performance, contributes to impaired urination and general health. When providing care at home, it is necessary to take into account some factors related to the patient. First of all, it is:

age characteristics of a person;
the presence of additional concomitant diseases of the urinary system;
causes of colic.

If renal colic occurs in an elderly person, then when providing first aid, it is necessary to take into account what auxiliary diseases are present, whether there was a stroke or heart attack.

Because in this case, a warm bath will be contraindicated, as it will put an additional burden on the entire body and may affect the deterioration of the general condition of the patient. In this situation, you should limit yourself to mustard plasters and a heating pad.

Injections in the elderly should also be done with caution, as some drugs can interact negatively with each other and cause side effects.

In most cases, for people of senile age and those with concomitant diseases of the urinary system, it is necessary to call an ambulance so that all manipulations are performed by a qualified specialist.

When is a doctor needed?

In some cases, with renal colic, the patient urgently needs medical attention.

This occurs in severe conditions of the patient, the presence of additional diseases, therefore, in its absence, a fatal outcome is possible.

Emergency assistance is needed in the following cases:

The patient has only one kidney.
The general condition does not normalize, two days after the onset of the attack.
Colic affects 2 kidneys at once.
There is no urination due to extensive damage to the ducts, which can lead to kidney failure.
The occurrence of severe nausea and vomiting.
Critical increase in temperature indicators.
Pain mainly occurs only in the right kidney.
The patient has a wandering kidney.

With the above symptoms, the help of a medical professional is necessary, otherwise blockage of the ducts, development of renal failure and death may occur.

Renal colic is called an acute pain attack, which is caused by a sudden violation of the process of passing urine through the urethra, an increase in pressure inside the pelvis and, as a result, renal ischemia. Colic is characterized by severe cramping pain in the lower back, painful and frequent urination, psychomotor agitation, nausea and vomiting.

In urology, renal colic is regarded as a condition requiring immediate assistance, in which it is necessary to relieve acute pain as soon as possible and normalize the functioning of the kidney. It is important to understand that colic is not just an attack of pain, it is a signal from the body that the kidney is in danger.

Causes of renal colic

The development of renal colic is always due to a sharp violation of the drainage of urine from the kidney, which occurs due to external compression or internal blockage of the urinary tract. This condition is accompanied by venous stasis of the kidney, increased hydrostatic intrapelvic pressure, reflex spastic contraction of the muscles of the ureter, swelling of the parenchyma, overstretching of the fibrous capsule and ischemia of the kidney. As a result, a sudden pain syndrome develops, called renal colic.

The immediate cause of such a violation may be mechanical obstructions that prevent the passage of urine from the ureter or renal pelvis. In more than 50% of all cases, colic occurs with urolithiasis due to infringement of the calculus in any of the urinary tract. Sometimes the condition provokes torsion or kink of the ureter with its strictures, kidney dystopia or nephroptosis.

Also, the cause of blockage of the urinary tract can be clots of pus or mucus in case of pyelonephritis, torn off necrotic papillae or caseous masses in case of kidney tuberculosis.

External compression of the ureter can be caused by tumors of the prostate (cancer or adenoma of the prostate), kidneys (eg, papillary adenocarcinoma), urinary duct, and post-traumatic hematomas in the retroperitoneal region.

Another group of causes of renal colic is due to congestive, inflammatory or vascular diseases of the urinary tract: hydronephrosis, prostatitis, urethritis, periurethritis, phlebostasis, renal vein thrombosis, kidney infarction, embolism, etc.

Urodynamics in the upper urinary tract may be affected by congenital anomalies such as spongy kidney, dyskinesia, achalasia, and megacalicosis.

Symptoms of renal colic

Sudden cramping and very intense pain in the costovertebral angle or in the lumbar region is a classic symptom of renal colic. Most often, a pain attack develops during sleep at night, but sometimes this condition is preceded by heavy physical exertion, long walking, shaking driving, taking large amounts of fluids or diuretics. From the lower back, pain can spread to the rectum, thigh, ileum or mesogastric region, in women - to the perineum and labia, in men - to the scrotum and penis.

The duration of an attack of renal colic can be from 3 to 18 hours or more, while the localization of pain, its intensity and irradiation can change. During this period, a person has frequent urge to urinate, later flatulence, vomiting, dry mouth, cramps in the urethra, tenesmus, anuria or oliguria develop. Against the background of colic, tachycardia, chills, moderate hypertension, low-grade fever occur. Severe pain can cause a state of shock, manifested by bradycardia, pallor of the skin, cold sweat and hypotension.

After the attack, as a rule, a significant amount of urine is released, in which the patient can detect blood.

Emergency care for renal colic

Help with renal colic should be provided by a doctor, therefore, if there is severe pain in the abdomen and lower back, an ambulance should be urgently called. The fact is that, according to clinical signs, colic is similar to many other diseases and pathologies that are also accompanied by lumbar and abdominal pains: with acute appendicitis, aortic aneurysm, ovarian torsion, ectopic pregnancy, intercostal neuralgia, acute pancreatitis, thrombosis of mesenteric vessels, cholecystitis and others

In the event that renal colic does not occur in a person for the first time, and he is sure of this diagnosis, then before the arrival of the ambulance team, the patient's condition can be alleviated.

Emergency care for renal colic is:

Applying a heating pad to the lower back or placing the patient in a warm bath to reduce spasm of the ureter and blood vessels, while improving the blood supply to the kidney, and a blood clot or stone can slip into the bladder;
Taking any antispasmodic and analgesic drug, preferably Papaverine, Baralgin or No-shpa, in extreme cases, if these drugs were not in the medicine cabinet, you can take Nitroglycerin.

You need to understand: the described procedures will help, provided that it is really renal colic. Otherwise, thermal procedures and pain medications can only harm, for example, in acute appendicitis, a person's condition after taking a bath and No-shpa deteriorates sharply.

Upon arrival, the ambulance doctor also uses analgesics and antispasmodics to relieve the attack, but in the form of injections - this is how they are more effective.

Treatment of renal colic

After removing the attack, the treatment of renal colic involves the elimination of the factor that led to the obstruction of the urinary tract, i.e. therapy for the underlying disease. For this, the patient is recommended to undergo the following examinations:

Plain radiography of the abdominal cavity;
Urinalysis;
Urography;
Chromocystoscopy;
Ultrasound of the kidneys, bladder, pelvic organs and abdominal cavity;
Computed and magnetic resonance imaging of the kidneys.

Renal colic is understood as an abrupt onset of an attack. Often this condition is associated with, but in fact, doctors consider renal colic one of the symptoms of many pathologies of the urinary system of the body.

Causes of renal colic

Doctors say that the pain syndrome in question manifests itself against the background of a blockage of the ureter and a violation of the movement of urine. But the following reasons can lead to this state:

, moreover, only if the stone has closed the ureter and does not allow urine to come out;
tumors (benign or) of the kidneys - the ureter may be blocked by a blood clot or pus;
necrotic papillitis;
flowing in a purulent form;
kidney injury;
benign and / or malignant tumor of the ureter or bladder.

It is extremely rare that the cause of renal colic is compression of the ureter, which can occur during surgery on the pelvic organs, against the background of an increase in nearby lymph nodes or a tumor in the retroperitoneal space.

In order for renal colic to occur, provoking factors are needed, since the above pathologies themselves are not characterized by pain. The provoking factors in this case are:

long road in a car or train (shake);
medicines for the treatment of urolithiasis;
a sharp restriction in the amount of liquid consumed, or, conversely, a sharp increase in this amount;
hard blow to the back.

If there is a blockage of the ureter with a stone, then the result will be a violation of the outflow of urine. At the same time, new portions of urine continue to be produced in the renal tubules, there is no exit of this fluid from the body, and the pyelocaliceal system of the kidney expands. The longer the ureter is blocked, the faster the squeezing of the kidney vessels and the violation of its blood supply.

Note:the size of the stone/clot has absolutely no effect on the presence or absence of renal colic. There are cases when even a small size of a stone / clot (1-1.5 mm) provokes a powerful attack of pain.

Symptoms of renal colic

The main symptom of the condition under consideration is intense, sharp pain in the lumbar region. It can be joined by:

blood in the urine - not always observed, but if the stone in the ureter has sharp edges or is too large, then hematuria is inevitable;
frequent urination - occurs only if there is an obstruction to the outflow of urine in the lower parts of the ureter;
bloating;
complete absence of urine output - occurs with bilateral renal colic or in the case of the presence of only one kidney.

Doctors emphasize that there are quite a few pathologies that can mimic renal colic. For example, these include torsion of an ovarian cyst in a woman, sciatica, kidney infarction, acute pleurisy,. Therefore, self-treatment should never be carried out - only a specialist will be able to make an accurate diagnosis and provide qualified medical care.

Diagnostic measures for renal colic

To find out the true causes of the pain syndrome and confirm exactly renal colic, the patient is prescribed a number of examinations.

Physical examination

The doctor reveals pain in the anatomical location of the kidneys along the ureteral points. At the same time, differential diagnosis is carried out with a number of acute surgical diseases - for example, a specialist during the initial examination will distinguish an attack of acute appendicitis from renal colic.

Ultrasonography

With this type of examination, the doctor will see the expansion of the collecting space in the kidney, the stones in the ureters and kidneys and their exact location. with renal colic it is considered quite informative, but in some cases it will not give results - for example, with an abnormal structure of the organs of the genitourinary system, or with obesity in a patient.

Excretory urography

This method of examination is considered the most informative, is to conduct x-rays. First, a picture of the renal system is taken, then a contrast agent is injected into the patient's vein, which enters the urine quickly enough. After a certain period of time, the patient takes another x-ray - the doctor can assess the level of filling with urine with contrast of the renal pelvis, ureter, the size of the stone and the level at which it is located in the urinary system.

Excretory urography also has contraindications - an allergy to iodine (it is contained in the contrast agent used) and thyrotoxicosis.

First aid for renal colic

If the pain syndrome in question happened at home, then you need to immediately call the ambulance team. Before the arrival of specialists, it is permissible to take a warm bath or shower - this will reduce the intensity of renal colic.

Note:if there is a history of pregnancy (even the smallest period), then the bath is contraindicated! Most likely, such an intense pain attack will indicate an ectopic pregnancy, and exposure to heat can lead to rupture of the fallopian tube and the release of the ovum.

If the pain is unbearable, then before the arrival of specialists, you can take an anesthetic - for example, Baralgin or No-shpu. But this is an extremely undesirable act - such drugs "lubricate" the clinical picture and it will be difficult for the doctor to make a diagnosis.

Treatment of renal colic

If the patient is diagnosed with "renal colic", then the treatment will be selected. based on the etiology of the syndrome. For example, if the cause of the condition in question is urolithiasis, then it is possible to carry out. The essence of such treatment is the appointment of specific drugs that accelerate the process of stone exit from the ureter. But the doctor can make such appointments only after the examination confirms the presence of a small stone. As part of lithokinetic therapy, the following drugs can be prescribed:

antispasmodic - they not only reduce the intensity of pain, but also contribute to the expansion of the ureter;
alpha blockers - relax the smooth muscles of the walls of the ureter;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory - reduce swelling of the ureter and have a good analgesic effect.

Usually, when carrying out this type of therapy, the stone leaves the ureter within 2-3 days, but if this does not happen, then the doctors conduct an additional examination of the patient and decide to change the tactics of therapy - they prescribe. This method is considered the "gold standard" for urolithiasis - a directed beam of mechanical waves acts precisely on the stone and destroys it. This procedure is carried out necessarily under the control of ultrasound or X-ray, the effectiveness of such treatment is 95%.

Note:if the stone has been standing in one place for a long time, then this may result in the development of ureteral fibrosis just at the place of its localization. Therefore, even knowing about urolithiasis, the patient should not relieve renal colic at home - taking potent drugs will not change the position of the stone.

Preventive measures

To prevent the development of renal colic, you should follow the recommendations of specialists:

drink at least 2.5 liters of water daily;
follow a balanced diet;
limit (the best option would be to completely abandon it);
avoid overheating;
regularly use cranberries and lingonberries, special urological collections of medicinal herbs, but only after consultation with a urologist.

Renal colic is not just pain, but a “signal” of the body that there are problems in the kidneys and ureters. Even if the pain has been removed, it is necessary to be examined by a doctor and understand the cause of the condition in question, which will prevent the occurrence of renal colic in the future.