Tablets before sexual intercourse. Contraceptive non-hormonal pills

Vaginal contraceptive pills belong to the group of spermicides, being a kind of chemical method of contraception. This is an easy and affordable way to prevent unwanted pregnancy. The principle of operation of vaginal tablets is to introduce spermicides into the vagina, which have a local effect. Contraceptive pills for vaginal use are indicated for women who are not suitable for other, more effective contraceptives (hormonal drugs and spirals).

To increase the contraceptive effect, the use of vaginal contraceptive pills, experts recommend supplementing the use of a condom.

Indications for the use of vaginal contraceptive pills.
Vaginal contraceptive pills of local action should be used before each act of sexual intimacy. Tablets do not reduce lactation and do not affect its quality, therefore, they can be used by women in the period after the birth of a child and during breastfeeding. The substances present in their composition do not violate the hormonal balance of a woman and the microflora of the vagina. Such contraception is ideal for women after an abortion, as well as for those whose intimate life is not regular. Vaginal tablets are indicated for use during menopause, in the second phase of menopause.

Advantages of local contraceptive pills.

Few adverse reactions.
Reduces the risk of contracting STDs.
You do not need to use daily and keep track of the time of admission.
It is allowed to use for women's diseases, after childbirth and during breastfeeding.

Cons of local contraceptive pills.

Small, in comparison with hormonal contraceptives, contraceptive efficacy (75%), so it is desirable to combine their use with condoms.
With daily use, vaginal dysbacteriosis develops, therefore it is suitable for women with an irregular intimate life.
In some cases, an allergic reaction with skin irritation may occur.
The drug should be injected into the vulva fifteen minutes before intimacy.
For some time before and after sexual intercourse, you should limit the adoption of water procedures with the use of intimate cosmetics.
The need to plan sexual intercourse, which eliminates the possibility of unexpected sex.

Each manufacturer of vaginal tablets attaches instructions for use of a particular drug. Most often, the drug should be injected deep into the vagina (usually a special applicator is attached for comfortable insertion) fifteen minutes before sexual intercourse. One tablet is designed for one sexual intercourse, with a repeated act, you should use a new tablet.

Contraindications to the use of vaginal tablets.

Diseases of the genitourinary system.
Excessive sensitivity to the components of the drug.
The processes of inflammation in the vulva.
Cervical erosion.

If a burning sensation or other discomfort occurs during the use of the tablets, it is recommended to stop using the drug. Before using this chemical contraceptive, it is recommended to consult a gynecologist.

Overview of common vaginal tablets.

Patentex Oval (PatentexOval).
The drug can be produced in the form of tablets and suppositories. The composition of the drug contains nonoxynol. The drug is easily tolerated, allergic reactions are extremely rare. It should be injected into the vulva 10 minutes before intimacy. The effect persists for three hours.

Pharmatex (Pharmatex).
The most popular non-hormonal vaginal contraceptive. The contraceptive is available in the form of vaginal creams, suppositories, tablets, tampons. The basis of the drug is benzalkonium chloride, administered before intimacy for 10 minutes. The contraceptive effect of the drug is 3 hours, effective against some STDs, herpes virus, fungi. Does not affect the vaginal microflora.

Benatex.
The drug is produced in the form of non-hormonal vaginal gels and tablets. Contraindicated in colpitis, as well as irritation of the vaginal mucosa. It is recommended to administer the drug before intimacy, ten minutes before the start. The contraceptive effect lasts for three hours.

Gynecoteks (Gynecotex).
Local contraceptive tablets, benzalkonium chloride acts as the active substance. The drug has a strong antibacterial effect, apply five minutes before intimacy. The action of the contraceptive drug lasts for four hours. To increase the contraceptive effect, the drug should be combined with the use of an IUD or a vaginal diaphragm.

Traceptin (Traceptin).
Tablets are injected deep into the vulva ten minutes before sexual intercourse. Sometimes an allergic reaction can occur in the form of a burning sensation in the vagina.

In order for intimate life to bring pleasure, it is advisable to select vaginal contraceptives on an individual basis with a gynecologist.

The best solution to the problem of unwanted pregnancy is contraception. For successful protection, there are many contraceptive drugs. The most popular are hormonal and non-hormonal birth control pills. Hormonal drugs are the most effective, but have many contraindications.

How do non-hormonal drugs work?

For those who are contraindicated to take hormones, a number of non-hormonal contraceptives are available. They cannot be called pills in the sense that average buyers are used to. They are not intended for oral use, but are inserted into the vagina. On the market of contraception, they are presented in the following form:

comfortable ointments without a strong odor;
cream;
the optimal size of the candle;
vaginal balls.

Non-hormonal preparations contain spermicides, which within seconds destroy the membrane of the spermatozoon, making it sluggish and unviable. This is a very important property, because spermatozoa are able to get into the cervical canal in a few seconds, and after a minute and a half to reach the fallopian tubes.

Such active substances that destroy spermatozoa are nonoxynol, benzalkonium. In addition to reducing the activity and death of spermatozoa, these substances form a thick mucus that prevents the penetration of male cells into the uterine cavity. They also destroy fungi and germs.

Non-hormonal drugs are administered 10 minutes before sexual intercourse. For such a period of time, the product turns into a foam or cream. The active substance acts for 3-4 hours. Before each act, a new tablet or candle should be used.

Indications for use

Non-hormonal contraceptives are safe, have no restrictions on use. They can be used in the following cases:

if hormonal drugs are contraindicated;
when breastfeeding;
with some gynecological diseases (myomas);
when other means cannot be used (spiral);
with endocrine diseases (diabetes, thyroid diseases);
with violations of the cycle;
with allergies to hormones or latex.

These drugs are convenient for young women who have not yet established a regular sex life, do not have a permanent partner. Unlike new generation hormonal contraceptives, these drugs do not need to be used regularly, the intake does not depend on the menstrual cycle.

Advantages and disadvantages of non-hormonal drugs

The main advantage is simplicity and accessibility. The action of non-hormonal drugs is only local. They do not enter the blood. They have a moisturizing effect, so they can be used as lubricants.

In addition, they have the following properties:

do not affect the level of body hormones;
have no contraindications for use;
do not have a negative effect on the body;
do not destroy the microflora, do not cause irritation of the mucous membrane;
serve to prevent cancer;
protect against ectopic pregnancy;
fight inflammatory diseases;
reduce the possibility of infection.

The negative points include the fact that after sex you can not wash yourself, take a shower for the time indicated in the description. Otherwise, you can wash off the protective shell that the product creates.

Do not take these pills too often. In some cases, there are allergic reactions and individual intolerance.

Non-hormonal contraceptive pills (spermicides) must be administered before sexual intercourse in the vagina. This also creates certain inconveniences, since this must be done in a strictly defined period of time.

What drug to choose?

The newest contraceptive drugs that are currently being produced have a wide spectrum of action and are available in a rich assortment.

The most effective and popular modern contraceptive pills:

Contratex - vaginal suppositories. The package contains 10 pieces. Have an antimicrobial and antifungal effect;
Patentex Oval - Candles (10 pieces). The active substance is nonoxynol. It is recommended to use 12-15 minutes before intercourse. It has antifungal, antiviral, antimicrobial action. Does not cause allergies. No side effects;
Concepttrol - vaginal suppositories. The active substance is nonoxynol. Apply 10 minutes before sexual intercourse. Can be used to prevent sexually transmitted diseases. After the act, before the expiration of 6 hours, you can not go to the toilet, wash;
Traceptin - tablets (pack of 50 pieces). The main ingredient is benzalkonium chloride. Spermicidal, antimicrobial agent. Use 10 minutes before sex. Contraindications - colpitis, cervical erosion. Sometimes it can cause irritation, itching;
Pharmatex - has a wide range of applications. Release form: tablets, creams, suppositories, tampons, vaginal balls. Apply 10 minutes before sexual intercourse, moisten with water before administration. Serves for the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases. Has an antiseptic effect. Valid for 3 hours. But if during this time an ejaculation has occurred, and another act is being performed, then a new pill must be introduced. Contraindications: individual intolerance, diseases of the external genitalia;

Erotex - candles (5 pieces). Antimicrobial action. The drug is active for 3 hours. Use 10 minutes before the act;
Gynecoteks - vaginal tablets (12 pieces per pack), have the shape of a ringlet. Moisten before administration. Protects against infections. The action lasts 4 hours. For greater efficiency, it is used with a vaginal diaphragm or spiral. The drug is contraindicated in colpitis, individual intolerance, inflammatory diseases;
Benatex - tablets and gel. The remedy is contraindicated for colpitis, irritations of the vaginal mucosa and cervix. Requires deep penetration. Remains active for 3 hours. Antimicrobial and antibacterial action;
Gramicidin paste - has a contraceptive and antimicrobial effect. Treats colpitis, inflames diseases. Cures some diseases;
Contraceptin T - suppositories that contain tannin, chinosol, boric acid. It is a viscous thick substance that prevents the penetration of spermatozoa. Introduced 15 minutes before the act. Action time - no more than one and a half hours;
Spermicidal films are available in sterile packaging. Their use requires skill, it needs to be trained. The action starts in 15 minutes and lasts 1 hour.

Pills to use after intercourse

Sometimes unforeseen circumstances happen, and it is not possible to use protective equipment during intercourse. In order not to get pregnant, you can use non-hormonal birth control pills for just such cases.

Mifepristone is the newest non-hormonal contraceptive. You can take it in two ways:

once 600 mg immediately after the act or within 3 days after it;
1 tablet per day during menstruation. Take on days 3-6 and 27 of the cycle.

These pills are used in emergency cases, only after consulting a gynecologist.

Side effects

There are several side effects, in the manifestation of which non-hormonal contraceptives are canceled:

sudden headache;
hearing or vision impairment;
pain in the arms or legs;
sharp cough;

manifestations of allergies, itching of the body;
sudden pressure surges;
sudden nausea, vomiting.

One or more of these symptoms simultaneously indicate the incompatibility of the drug with the woman's body.

Limitations for the use of non-hormonal agents are acute inflammatory diseases and anatomical features that interfere with the administration of tablets.

How to evaluate the effectiveness of the drug?

To evaluate the effectiveness, the Pearl index is used, which reflects the frequency of pregnancy in 100 women who took a particular non-hormonal drug. The lower the index, the more effective the remedy. The index for an unprotected act is taken as the initial number: it is 85.

Non-hormonal drugs in the form of tablets are characterized by an index value from 3 to 21. Therefore, they are not effective enough. The Pearl Index of hormonal contraceptives is equal to or close to 0.

Therefore, non-hormonal means must be combined with mechanical means:

diaphragms;
condoms
rings.

Such double protection helps not only to avoid unwanted pregnancy, but also to prevent infection with various diseases. The effectiveness of complex protection is 98%.

It is necessary to use contraceptives, because the pregnancy must be desired and planned. Abortion is a real operation with all the negative consequences. The task of any woman is to take care of her health, to prevent abortions. Non-hormonal contraceptives contribute to this.

Before choosing from these drugs, you should consult with a gynecologist. There are many new drugs. What is suitable in a particular case can only be determined by a specialist.

It is difficult to say how barbaric modern methods of contraception will be considered by our descendants, because the most progressive and safe contraceptives of two hundred years ago look today as an instrument of torture. It is known, for example, that in the Middle Ages, women put iron caps on the cervix, lubricated it with a solution of mercury and lead, and inserted pessaries made of steel wire into it and caused infection and bedsores of the reproductive organs. At different times and in different countries, contraceptives were repeatedly banned either by the authorities or by the church, so devices such as a vaginal syringe or vaginal douche periodically appeared on the market, which were used to cleanse the internal female organs.

Current contraceptives promote the principle of safety and guaranteed protection against unwanted pregnancy. Three types of contraceptives are justified and approved by official medicine: physiological, barrier and drug.

Barrier. Prevent sperm from entering the uterus. The most famous barrier contraceptive is the condom (both male and female). Other barrier contraceptives are intrauterine devices, contraceptive sponges, cervical caps, and spermicides.
Physiological. Assume sexual intercourse on certain days of the female cycle, when the risk of becoming pregnant is minimal. Another method of physiological control is the method of PPA (coitus interruptus).
Medical. Presented by pills, as well as vaginal rings and spirals that release hormones that block the onset of ovulation.

When prescribing a certain method of contraception to a woman, gynecologists often provide her with the opportunity to independently choose the appropriate remedy from a number of similar ones. But how to do this if the same drug has dozens of analogues that are identical in composition and mode of action? The rating of the best contraceptives takes into account the opinion of other women, the cost of drugs, the correspondence between the expected effect and the real one, as well as the presence of additional benefits and side effects.

Please note that the information below is not a buying guide. Consultation needed with a specialist!

There are contraindications. Check with your doctor.

The best birth control pills

It has long been proven that a prolonged absence of pregnancy can disrupt a woman's health, provoking hormonal failure, as well as mental and organ diseases associated with it. The Frenchman Verne Bullo, a historian by profession, said this back in the 19th century: "If a woman is not regularly pregnant, she will suffer from hysteria and from a whole category of somatic symptoms that stimulate almost any kind of physical illness or mental condition." At the same time, unwanted pregnancy and abortion can cause no less harm to a woman than a prolonged absence of pregnancy.

Hormonal contraceptives are chosen by millions of women around the world as the preferred method of contraception. They do not affect the sensations during intercourse and are guaranteed to protect against unwanted pregnancy and the consequences of its absence. The action of hormonal contraceptives is based on the prevention of ovulation. Scientists have calculated that at the time of birth, the girl's ovaries contain about 1 million follicles that can become eggs, and by the age of 37 there are only 25,000 of them. Hormonal drugs do not allow the body to ovulate, so the woman's ovarian reserve remains full. Meanwhile, hormonal pills have not only advantages, but also an impressive list of side effects, often life-threatening.

3 Lactinet

Allowed for breastfeeding women
Country: Hungary
Average price: 675 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.8

Lactinet contains the only active ingredient - desogestrel. Belongs to the category of mini-pills (drugs containing a minimum amount of hormones). Lactinet mini-pills are often prescribed for lactating women with an active menstrual cycle, as well as for those women who are contraindicated in combined OK. Lactinet is one of the few oral contraceptives prescribed for women who smoke, as well as women over 45 years of age.

Another feature of the Hungarian OK is that its protective effect against unwanted pregnancy is somewhat lower than that of modern COCs. For this reason, the drug is not recommended for use by women in active reproductive age (up to 30 years). Otherwise, this is a fairly effective contraceptive that has a smaller list of contraindications and side effects than modern pills.

Advantages:

allowed during lactation;
does not affect weight gain;
suitable for those who are intolerant to synthetic estrogens.

Flaws:

provokes the occurrence of mastopathy;
violates the menstrual cycle during the reception;
causes depression;
causes nausea at the beginning of the course.

2 Marvelon

Normalizes the menstrual cycle
Country: Netherlands
Average price: 1,425 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.9

Combined contraceptive drug from the Dutch company Organon. Approved for use by women over 35 years of age, as it contains a reduced amount of active ingredients. In addition to the contraceptive effect, it normalizes the volume of secretions and eliminates pain during menstruation. It can be used as a means of emergency contraception, but not more than 1 time in 6 months. The effectiveness of Marvelon as a postcoital agent does not exceed 80%.

According to women who took Marvelon, the drug has a negative effect on the ability to get pregnant if it has been used for many years, so it is recommended to drink these pills in courses. Given the increased risk of thrombosis, it is recommended to be examined by a hematologist, hepatologist and vascular surgeon before taking the drug.

Advantages:

is inexpensive;
normalizes the cycle;
increases libido.

Flaws:

causes acne;
thickens the blood;
increases appetite.

1 Jess

Best quality
Country: Germany
Average price: 922 rubles.
Rating (2019): 5.0

Jess is a combined oral contraceptive from the German pharmaceutical company Bayer. The active ingredients are drospirenone and ethinylestradiol. It is used to protect against unwanted pregnancy, with severe forms of PMS, as well as for the treatment of acne. The contraceptive effect of the pills is based on blocking ovulation and changing the quality of cervical mucus, which becomes too thick for sperm to move.

Unlike other COCs with the same active ingredient, the Jess formula has been improved: it uses the latest (4th) generation drospironene, and each tablet contains 1.5 times less ethinylestradiol than other COCs. For this reason, Jess is less likely than other drugs to cause swelling, mastopathy and weight gain.

Advantages:

eliminates menstrual pain;
reliably protects against pregnancy;
improves skin condition.

Flaws:

the cycle is restored for a long time after the completion of the Jess course;
addictive;
reduces libido;
causes migraines.

The best birth control candles

Contraceptive suppositories belong to the category of spermicidal contraceptives. The principle of action of chemical spermicides is to destroy the membrane of spermatozoa: interacting with spermatozoa, the components of the drug destroy their membrane, separate the head from the tail, depriving them of the ability to move. Especially strong spermatozoa, however, are still able to get to the egg and fertilize it. This can be fraught with the birth of a child with certain physical deformities. Such a relationship has not been proven, but many women testify to this. It is not recommended to use such contraceptives regularly, because the acids contained in the candles can have a negative effect on the condition of the mucous membrane in the vagina, as well as on the cervix. Candles are not distinguished by the highest contraceptive ability. According to statistics, 15 out of 100 women who use birth control candles become pregnant within a year.

Thus, contraceptive suppositories are a convenient contraceptive option for women who have infrequent sex. Candles are ideal as an additional contraceptive - when the pill regimen has been violated or during the completion of lactation. The undoubted advantages of this method of contraception are the absence of a systemic effect on the body and the safety of intimate sensations.

3 Gynecotex

Doesn't sting
Country Russia
Average price: 140 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.8

Gynecotex suppositories use the same active ingredient as Pharmatex suppositories - benzalkonium chloride, so these products are similar. The fundamental difference between Gynekotex and Pharmatex is in cost: Russian candles are about 3 times cheaper than German ones. Some women note that these suppositories dissolve somewhat worse in the vagina and give more foam.

Advantages:

are inexpensive;
do not cause burning;
protect against infections.

Flaws:

dissolve for a long time.

2 Patentex Oval

Most popular remedy
Country: Germany
Average price: 370 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.9

The main active ingredient in Pantex Oval is nonoxynol. Included in many contraceptives as a lubricant: thanks to its spermicidal properties, it enhances the contraceptive effect of cervical caps, condoms, sponges and vaginal films. When interacting with a sperm cell, it damages its membrane, thereby depriving it of the ability to dissolve the egg cell membrane. The time required for the destruction of the spermatozoon is 40 seconds (10 times more than that of Pharmatex). The drug does not have bactericidal and antiviral properties, therefore it cannot be used as protection against STIs. There are studies proving that nonoxynol contributes to human morbidity with certain types of human papillomavirus.

Advantages:

effective;
quickly dissolve;
have a stimulating effect.

Flaws:

have an unpleasant odor;
cause itching;
foam excessively.

1 Pharmatex

Best Action. Has antiviral properties
Country: France
Average price: 349 rubles.
Rating (2019): 5.0

The main component of the drug is benzalkonium chloride. This drug has been used in medicine since 1935. It has not only a contraceptive effect, but also antiviral (protects against infection with herpes simplex viruses), antifungal and antiprotozoal. The substance has an instant effect on the sperm: its shell is completely destroyed within 10 seconds after contact with benzalkonium chloride. The rest of the drugs in this group require at least 30 seconds. Due to irritation of the mucous membrane of the vagina and cervix, the drug is able to increase the amount of secreted mucus, which has an additional contraceptive effect.

Advantages:

have a pleasant smell;
dissolve in 5 minutes;
protect against infections.

Flaws:

cause irritation;
poorly open;
provoking too much mucus.

The best intrauterine contraceptive coils

The intrauterine device is a contraceptive well known since ancient China. In the past, coils were made from aluminum wire and wood, but today they are made from hypoallergenic plastic impregnated with anti-inflammatory compounds. According to its action, the spiral refers to barrier, abortive and spermicidal agents at the same time.

Decreased fertility. The presence of an inflammatory process in the uterus contributes to the production of proteins that inhibit the maturation of the egg. As a result, ovulation is inhibited and fertilization does not occur.
abortive effect. Located inside the uterus, the spiral negatively affects the endometrium, inhibiting its growth and ability to accept a fertilized egg. In fact, the spiral provokes a miscarriage in the early stages of pregnancy.
spermicidal effect. In response to the located spiral, superficial inflammation occurs inside the uterus. As a result of inflammation, the alkaline environment in the uterus is replaced by an acidic environment that is detrimental to spermatozoa and contributes to their destruction. To increase the acidity of the intrauterine space, copper is additionally used in the spirals, which stimulates the release of an acid secret.
Barrier contraceptive effect. The inflammatory process causes irritation of the cervical canal, which, in turn, produces an increased amount of thick cervical mucus that prevents sperm from entering the uterus.

Intrauterine devices (IUDs) are a reliable and effective way to prevent unwanted pregnancy, which, however, is associated with the creation of a focus of chronic infection in the body.

3 Simurg Bio-T Ag

Best price
Country: Belarus
Average price: 600 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.8

Juno Bio-T Ag IUD is one of the best non-hormonal contraceptives that reduces the risk of unwanted pregnancy due to the fact that the intrauterine device takes the place of a fertilized egg, preventing its location. It has a classic T-shape, the basis is an anchor made of high-density polyethylene. Recommended for women who have already had childbirth, but also suitable for nulliparous women. Made in a diameter of 18 mm for nulliparous women and 24 mm for those who gave birth.

According to reviews, it is the best contraceptive for family planning and for couples who already have children. Installed for 5-7 years.

Advantages :

affordable price ;
long duration ;
reliability .

Flaws :

access of external infections to the uterus;
the need for analysis before installation;
taking medication to prevent infections.

2 Juno Juno T Au

Long service life
Country: Belarus
Average price: 3,500 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.9

The Juno T Au intrauterine device is a means of intrauterine contraception that reduces the likelihood of an unwanted conception. The coil is made of pure copper and gold, making it durable. It has a T-shape and is based on a plastic anchor. Recommended for women who need long-term protection against unwanted pregnancies. Contraindicated in pregnancy and malignant diseases of the genital organs. Valid for at least seven years.

According to many women, the main advantages of this type of contraception are affordable price and long term use.

Advantages:

long service life;
pure composition;
does not cause discomfort during intercourse.

Flaws:

the risk of infection entering the uterine cavity;
increase in the menstrual cycle;
bleeding.

1 Mirena

High quality. Efficiency
Country: Finland
Average price: 13,220 rubles.
Rating (2019): 5.0

Mirena belongs to the category of hormone-containing spirals, therefore, the principle of its action is similar to that of hormonal pills. The fundamental difference is only in the way hormones are delivered to the body. True, according to some women, the hormonal spiral, unlike OK, does not cause increased appetite, does not provoke swelling and does not cause irritation of the digestive system. Like Multiload, Mirena is installed for 5 years.

Advantages:

normalizes the hormonal background;
reliably protects against pregnancy.

Flaws:

requires large one-time costs;
causes back pain
contraindicated in the presence of benign tumors.

The best barrier contraceptives

Barrier contraception is the oldest, cheapest, most versatile and common method of contraception. A typical representative of this category is the condom. Less known are contraceptive sponges and rings, cervical caps, vaginal films and diaphragms, as well as chemical barrier agents (candles, aerosols, gels). There are practically no contraindications to the use of these drugs, so they are ideal for those who have intolerance to OK or IUDs. Some of the barrier contraceptives are able to prevent premature ejaculation in men, protect against STIs and allergic reactions to ejaculate in women. The main disadvantage of barrier agents is that they only work when they are used. Our rating includes the best barrier contraceptives.

3 Durex Classic

Most popular remedy
Country: UK
Average price: 437 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.8

The condom is the most common method of barrier contraception. Barrier contraceptives prevent the meeting of the egg and sperm. The condom is made in the form of a small thin-walled elastic tube with one closed end and an inlet on the other. Condoms are suitable for almost all women, except for latex allergies. They do not affect the hormonal background at all and, at the moment, are the only method of contraception that protects against STDs.

Many women still prefer this non-hormonal method of contraception because of its almost 100% reliability and ease of use.

Advantages:

protect against STDs;
do not change the hormonal background;
suitable for daily protection.

Flaws:

high price;
loss of sensation
there is a risk of damage to the latex shell.

2 Contraceptive sponges Pharmatex

Ease of use. Long lasting
Country: France
Average price: 65 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.9

Contraceptive sponges as a barrier method have been used by women for many centuries: in ancient times they were sea sponges soaked in oils, and today they are polyurethane foam soaked in chemical spermicidal compounds. Pharmatex sponges use benzalkonium chloride as a spermicide. Unlike contraceptive suppositories, the sponge has not only a spermicidal effect, but also a mechanical one - it physically prevents the penetration of spermatozoa into the cervix. After installing the sponge, the partners can immediately begin the PA, and in the case of repeated sexual intercourse, they do not need to insert a new sponge into the vagina, as it retains its effect during the day.

Advantages:

does not flow;
convenient to enter;
long-term;
has a pleasant smell.

Flaws:

inconveniently removed;
hard to find in pharmacies.

1 Contraceptive ring Novaring

The best hormonal background
Country: Netherlands
Average price: 1,050 rubles.
Rating (2019): 5.0

Novaring is one of the methods of hormonal contraception, which, however, uses a fundamentally different method of administering hormones - vaginal. Due to this, the hormone does not pass through the liver and organs of the gastrointestinal tract, therefore it does not have a negative effect on them. The ring releases the minimum required amount of the hormone throughout the day, which eliminates hormonal surges during the day (as is the case with oral contraceptives) and creates an even hormonal background. Another advantage of the tool is the confidentiality of its use: the ring is easy to install on your own, it is not felt during intercourse and does not require removal after. Duration of action - 3 weeks. After 21 days, the ring is removed, and after 7 days it is installed again.

Advantages:

set once a month;
does not cause nausea;
has less pronounced side effects compared to OK.

Flaws:

sometimes falls out when straining;
causes headache;
provokes the development of vaginitis;
allergic;
enhances appetite.

Best emergency contraceptives

Emergency contraception is used when it is necessary to terminate an unwanted pregnancy resulting from unprotected intercourse. Tablets or intrauterine devices are used. Means do not allow pregnancy to occur due to the fact that they delay ovulation. However, this applies to pre-pregnancy up to 72 hours after intercourse if the pill is used and 120 hours after intercourse if an intrauterine device is used. If you do not take emergency contraception before the expiration of 72 hours, then they will no longer be able to harm a possible pregnancy. It also cannot be assumed that the risk of unwanted pregnancy from unprotected intercourse decreases with age. According to statistics, women of the age category of 30-40 years are quite fertile and are also included in this risk group. The main and serious disadvantage of emergency contraceptives is that they cause serious stress to the body and harm to women's health.

3 Escapelle

Safe for the body
Country: Hungary
Average price: 360 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.8

Escapel is a contraceptive used for emergency contraception, similar in its action to Postinor. The main active ingredient is levonorgestrel. Escapel is a better and less harmful contraceptive. Made in the form of flat large white tablets. Contraindicated in pregnant women, adolescents under 16, smokers over 30-40 years of age and people with renal insufficiency. The advantage of Escapel is a high probability of preventing unwanted pregnancy, and with less loss to the body.

According to most women, Escapelle is preferred because of the softer and more gentle action, despite the high price.

Advantages:

high efficiency;
taken once;
causes less damage to the body.

Flaws:

high price;
side effects;
failure of the menstrual cycle.

2 Postinor

High result guarantee
Country: Hungary
Average price: 328 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.9

Postinor is one of the methods of emergency contraception. The contraceptive is taken in the form of tablets containing the active ingredient levonorgestrel. It prevents pregnancy by delaying the maturation of the egg or preventing ovulation. Contraindicated in adolescents under 16 years of age and with liver problems. The main advantage of Postinor is that it gives a high guarantee of preventing unwanted pregnancy, but it should not be taken more than 2 times a year.

According to women, Postinor is an effective, but dangerous contraceptive that needs to be taken after weighing the pros and cons.

Advantages:

there are no consequences in the form of hormonal disorders;
guarantee up to 95%;
72 hours to prevent unwanted pregnancy.

Flaws:

cannot be used with other contraceptives or alcohol;
can not be used more than once every six months;
can cause cycle failure and bleeding.

1 Ginepriston

Better Efficiency
Country Russia
Average price: 547 rubles.
Rating (2019): 5.0

Ginepristone is a means of emergency contraception. It is not a hormonal contraceptive, and therefore less harmful to the body. Ginepristone blocks the connection between hormones and receptors, thus preventing pregnancy, but it does not suppress the action of progesterone, as other contraceptives do. This is its main advantage over harmful hormonal emergency contraceptives. Contraindicated in women over 30-40 years old, with problems with the kidneys and uterine myoma.

Most women speak of it very positively and consider it the best choice for those who care about their health.

Advantages:

the most gentle in comparison with other contraceptives;
effective;
is not hormonal.

Flaws:

high price;
side effects;
does not allow you to save the pregnancy in case of failure.

Various methods of contraception have been developed to prevent unwanted pregnancy. Hormonal contraception is considered the most effective, and barrier contraception is the most popular.

Barrier contraception refers to non-hormonal methods. These also include intrauterine contraception (IUD) and natural methods. In the first article on non-hormonal contraceptives, we will look at some of them.

Intrauterine device (IUD)

Navy- one of the most common and reliable methods of contraception. The Pearl Index when using spirals is 0.8 - 1.9.

Myths about contraception

Some mistakenly believe that condoms are unreliable because they break all the time. However, only one to eight percent of condoms break, most often when misused. These and other misconceptions are in the material "Myths about contraception": part one and part two.

These funds are produced mainly in a T-shape with a length of 36 mm. The spiral is inserted into the uterine cavity, where it prevents the fertilized egg from attaching to the mucosa.

The spiral has so-called shoulders and a leg, which are placed in the uterus, and antennae, which, when inserted, remain in the vagina and allow the spiral to be removed.

Important! The spiral is introduced only by a specialist on the fourth to eighth days of menstruation and can remain in the uterus for up to several years.

Currently used IUDs are divided into two groups: non-drug and drug-containing, containing copper or gestagens.

Absolute contraindications to the use of VM WITH:
- acute and subacute inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs,
- malignant neoplasms of the body of the uterus or cervix,
- bleeding from the genital tract of unknown etiology,
- suspected pregnancy
- often recurrent chronic inflammatory process of the genital organs.

The most frequent and possible side effects of this type of contraception are pain, bleeding, expulsion, inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs.

In addition to hormonal and intrauterine contraception, there are contraceptives that do not require constant use, but are used during intercourse or shortly before it. These are the so-called barrier methods of contraception (BMC).

BMC prevent sperm from entering the cervical canal and / or help reduce the activity of sperm in the vagina.

condoms

Condoms are the most popular method of contraception. It is used by men: put on the penis immediately before sexual intercourse.

A modern condom is an oblong sheath made of thin latex with a small capacity for collecting sperm at the end. The most common condoms covered with a special lubricant are about 16 cm long and about three and a half cm in diameter, differing in shape, color, lubricant, and thickness.

This method of contraception is quite reliable if the condom is used correctly. The Pearl Index averages 15 However, with regular and correct use reaches two.

A condom can protect not only from unwanted pregnancy, but also from sexually transmitted infections. Proper use of this tool reduces the risk of HIV infection by 85%, and human papillomavirus - by 70%.

It is also effective against other infections, such as gonorrhea, herpes virus and others.

female condoms

The female condom is longer and wider than the male condom. It is made of flexible polyurethane plastic and is a cylinder 15 cm long and about 7 cm in diameter. One of the ends of such a condom is closed and contains a locking ring.

The female condom is inserted into the vagina before intercourse. The Pearl Index averages between 9 and 12.. Using this type of contraception, a woman is less dependent on her partner. At the same time, the likelihood of partners becoming infected with sexually transmitted infections is significantly reduced.

Important! Female and male condoms should not be used at the same time as they can slip off or even damage each other.

Cervical cap and diaphragm

These contraceptives work in much the same way. They create a mechanical barrier that prevents the penetration of spermatozoa into the uterine cavity.

cervical cap made from soft rubber. It is put on the cervix and, as it were, “sticks” to it due to its anatomical shape. The cap is inserted just before intercourse, often in combination with a spermicidal cream or gel.

The pearl index means is equal to six. Nowadays, women rarely use such caps.

adult conversation

vaginal diaphragm- a domed hemisphere with a diameter of 50 to 105 mm, made of latex, with a springy rim. The diaphragm is inserted into the vagina by the woman herself before the onset of sexual intercourse in such a way that the rim is in the vaults of the vagina, and the dome covers the cervix.

Aperture Recommended use in combination with spermicides, which significantly improves the efficiency of the method. The contraceptive effectiveness of the diaphragm in combination with spermicidal agents is average: Pearl index is from six to 15. Without combination with spermicides - slightly lower.

You can use these methods of contraception if you are unwilling or unable to use other methods of contraception. Most often, they are resorted to at a low risk of pregnancy (older age, perimenopause, postpartum period - not earlier than the sixth week after birth) and as an additional tool when using natural methods of contraception.

Important

When choosing a method of non-hormonal contraception, be sure to consult your doctor, as the use of chemicals such as spermicides can cause allergic reactions.

In addition, the gynecologist should explain how to use the cervical cap or diaphragm. The method of using these means of barrier contraception is quite difficult to “master” on your own.

Today, a huge number of hormonal drugs have been developed to prevent the development of an unplanned pregnancy. But which remedy to choose from this variety, so that it is both effective and does not have side effects, confuses each of us. Non-hormonal contraceptive pills act as an effective alternative to hormonal contraceptives.

Today, non-hormonal birth control pills are popular among women. This is because such contraceptives can be used by women in the presence of serious diseases (uterine fibroids), which are a contraindication for the use of hormonal contraceptive pills. In addition, these contraceptives can be used by women after an abortion, childbirth and during breastfeeding, as well as when it is impossible to use an intrauterine device. Thus, such non-hormonal preparations are convenient, effective, and most importantly, safe, contraceptives for many women, since they have practically no side effects.

These contraceptives do not need to be taken daily, as with hormonal oral contraception, especially if the woman is sexually irregular. They are used as a local protection against the onset of an unplanned pregnancy just before sexual intercourse. It is due to this property that these non-hormonal agents are classified as spermicides.

Mechanism of action.
Non-hormonal contraceptive pills contain active substances that contribute to the destruction and damage of the membrane of spermatozoa, which provokes their death. Such active substances are called spermicides; in the composition of these contraceptives, their role is played by nonoxynol or benzalkonium. These substances not only have a detrimental effect on spermatozoa, but at the same time form a very thin film on the walls of the vaginal mucosa that performs a protective function, and also contribute to the thickening of mucus in the cervical canal, which significantly reduces the activity of spermatozoa. Thus, there is a special barrier that prevents the penetration of spermatozoa into the uterus. That is why non-hormonal contraceptive pills are often referred to as barrier contraceptives. In addition, such non-hormonal contraceptives have anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects, protecting against sexually transmitted diseases (STDs).

Types of birth control pills.

Pharmatex.
These contraceptives are considered the most common and popular means of preventing unwanted pregnancy. The active ingredient in this drug is benzalkonium chloride. This drug is produced not only in the form of vaginal tablets, but also in suppositories, vaginal balls, cream, tampons. The non-hormonal drug Pharmatex effectively acts within three hours. They have anti-inflammatory, antiseptic and antimicrobial properties, thanks to which this contraceptive not only prevents pregnancy, but also protects against sexually transmitted diseases. It has a pronounced effect against chlamydia, candida, Trichomonas, gonococci, herpes virus and various fungi. These non-hormonal contraceptives do not enter the blood and milk of nursing mothers, do not affect the microflora of the vagina, do not disrupt the hormonal background and the menstrual cycle. Before use, the tablet should be soaked in water and inserted deep into the vagina ten minutes before sexual intercourse.

Gynecoteks.
This drug is similar in its action to Pharmatex. It has a spermicidal, antiseptic and antifungal effect, which means it protects a woman from the risk of contracting sexually transmitted infections. One tablet of Ginacotex is intended for one sexual contact only. It is inserted deep into the vagina five minutes before direct sexual intercourse. This kind of funds are effective for four hours. This drug also does not affect the hormonal background of a woman and the microflora of her vagina, however, it has some contraindications. In particular, these include hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, inflammation of the vagina or colpitis, as well as irritation of the mucous membrane of the vagina and uterus. To enhance the effectiveness of the drug should be combined with the use of a vaginal diaphragm or IUD. It is not recommended to use soap douching after sexual intercourse, since soap can destroy the active substance contained in the drug, thereby reducing its contraceptive effect. You can carry out an external toilet of the genital organs.

Patentex Oval.
The active ingredient in this drug is nonoxynol. In addition to the fact that this remedy has a detrimental effect on spermatozoa, it has antimicrobial, antifungal and antiviral effects. Patentex Oval is inserted into the vagina ten minutes before sexual intercourse. The use of this drug does not cause allergic reactions. These contraceptive pills are used one at a time for sexual intercourse.

Concepttrol.
As part of this tool, the function of the active substance is performed by nonoxynol. This drug also has a detrimental effect on spermatozoa and protects against infections and diseases transmitted by contact. Conceptol is produced in packs of ten. It should also be inserted deep into the vagina just before intercourse, ten minutes before. In the first six hours after the introduction of this drug, you can not toilet the vagina.

Traceptin.
Another effective contraceptive drug that prevents unplanned pregnancy, available in the form of vaginal tablets, is Traceptin. It contains the active substance benzalkonium chloride, which causes the spermicidal and disinfecting effect of this drug. Ten minutes before the start of sexual intercourse, one tablet of Traceptin should be inserted into the vagina. This non-hormonal contraceptive may have a side effect, manifested in the form of a feeling of itching and burning in the vagina. This drug should not be used in the presence of colpitis and