Menstrual blood is brown. Why are periods brown, dark, black

Menstruation- this is one of the manifestations of the work of the reproductive system of a woman. It characterizes itself through complex biochemical and hormonal changes occurring in the body and is manifested by the separation of the blood of the female genital organs, in particular the uterus.

Menstruation is inherent in all women of childbearing age, subject to the correct development of the genital organs and endocrine glands, as well as the absence of any genetic defects.

The uterine cavity is lined with a mucous membrane - endometrial tissue, which is characterized by monthly rejection. As a result, a woman notes their manifestation in herself, while already the last stage of the menstrual cycle.

At the initial stages, there is a process of cell growth in the mucosa with their subsequent transformation. Normally, the menstrual cycle should end in pregnancy, as the maturation and release of the egg occurs, a process characteristic of ovulation.

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But in the absence of fertilization, the epithelium is desquamated with a bleeding clinic and replaced with new ones.

Normally, menstruation should last no more than 5 days and be accompanied by bright red discharge. Their volume usually should not exceed 100-150 ml during the entire period.

At the same time, the first days in women are not always plentiful, but can only appear as brown sections. This condition should be absolutely painless. If these symptoms change, you need to contact a specialist for medical help.

Brown discharge is normal

Brown discharge instead of menstruation is normal:

When is brown menstruation a pathology?

This is one of the most dangerous causes of brown periods.

This situation must not be ignored, as it can lead to a threat to the life of a woman. Further progression of pregnancy in this case is almost hopeless.

Risk of miscarriage

This is also one of the main reasons for the appearance of brown discharge instead of menstruation. This condition can be associated with many reasons, they begin to appear mainly in the early stages.

1. The volume of discharge can vary, sometimes women do not notice almost any symptoms, except for a slightly noticeable brown daub on their underwear, but in some cases it can be a discharge that resembles menstruation.
2. In the latter case, there is a separation of scarlet blood with a large number of clots that begin to appear in a woman and are accompanied by other symptoms.
3. The main complaints, in addition to discharge, in a woman may be pain in the lower abdomen, a previous delay in menstruation, a feeling of nausea and engorgement of the mammary glands.

The prognosis is different, with the release of a small amount of brown formations, there is a chance to keep the pregnancy, but with a copious separation it is minimal, since the fetal egg can be separated from the surface of the uterine mucosa.

When making a diagnosis, urgent hospitalization and the appointment of hormonal drugs, as well as lifestyle changes with the exclusion of any physical activity, are required.

Inflammatory diseases

This is another common reason for the appearance of brown discharge that occurs against the background of involvement in the pathological process of both the uterine cavity and the cervix and vagina.

In most cases, this is a chronic course of the disease.

In this case, brown discharge may appear spontaneously or against the background of menstruation.

In this case, menstruation can change not only its cycle, but also the duration. They are prone to the appearance of a brown daub that persists for a long time, as well as pain.

Symptoms:

This condition requires mandatory treatment, and further anti-relapse measures aimed at preventing such symptoms.

Sexually transmitted diseases

This is one of the causes of brown menstruation.

The reasons leading to this condition have long been studied, these are infections caused by specific pathogens that have a predominant route of transmission through unprotected intercourse.

A lot of pathogens have been identified, among them the most common are chlamydia, Trichomonas, gonococci and others.

This pathology occurs in persons predominantly of the reproductive period.

If in men they can absolutely not manifest themselves, then in women one of the unfavorable signs is a change in the nature of menstruation:

1. They become more painful and pronounced, their color becomes brown, an unpleasant smell appears, and the volume may be insignificant, they will be smeared, while the duration increases significantly.
2. In some cases, symptoms may last up to several weeks. This is due to the presence of a specific inflammatory process in the uterine cavity, where the process of secretion and proliferation of endometrial tissue cells is disrupted.
3. During menstruation, a slower and more problematic separation of tissues occurs, as a result of which they will smear, their color and smell change.

Hormonal disbalance

This is another reason for the appearance of brown discharge from the genital tract, which can occur in any woman of the reproductive period.

There are a lot of specific reasons leading to this pathological condition.

Among them, the main ones are the persistence of the follicle.

In the menstrual cycle, ovulation does not occur and menstruation may come with a delay and their color becomes brown, a similar condition occurs while maintaining an active corpus luteum.

In both cases, there is a violation of the menstrual cycle.

In most cases, they do not require any additional treatment, unless accompanied by pathological symptoms. Also, similar brown discharge can be observed with progesterone deficiency, which means the inferiority of the second phase of the menstrual cycle.

Menstruation will tend to be delayed and subsequent discharges that are thick and brown in color.

Causes of discharge in the absence of sexual activity

In this case, the presence of brown discharge, which is a complication of pregnancy, should be excluded, and the risk of developing an inflammatory process is also reduced. But at the same time, there are various kinds of hormonal causes, nutritional factors and severe gynecological diseases.

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Among the diseases, internal endometriosis should be noted. This is a condition that is characterized by the release of menstruation that has a brown color.

With the development of endometriosis, the mucous membrane of the uterine cavity spreads beyond its anatomical region, so the endometrium can also be located in the muscle layer and other organs and systems.

Menstruation in a woman with this pathology is prone to lengthening, before and after them a brown discharge appears, which can last quite a long time.

Also, these are stressful situations and lifestyle changes that can lead to hormonal failure.

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Common causes of menstrual irregularities

They may be associated with several situations. These are disturbances in the work of the endocrine glands, inflammatory processes, as well as difficult situations associated with adverse effects on the body.

Operational interventions

This is one of the reasons why menstruation is dark in color.

The reason in most cases will depend on the type and nature of the manipulation performed:

Diagnostics

In most cases, it does not cause labor in modern medicine.

Usually this is a comprehensive examination:

The appearance of brown discharge on the first day of menstruation is not necessarily a pathological symptom. However, a mandatory examination by a gynecologist is necessary to exclude diseases.

Causes of brown discharge on the first day of menstruation

One of the fairly common complaints when contacting a gynecologist is that a woman sometimes has brown discharge on the first day of menstruation. There are many reasons for this. In some cases, this condition is quite normal, in others it is a symptom of a serious illness.

To find out what causes the failure of the menstrual cycle, it is important to know its physiological course. When a woman's monthly cycle is fully established, it has become constant, then menstruation should begin painlessly and last an average of 3-5 days. Normally, the interval between bleedings is from three weeks to 35 days, and the bleeding volume is from 50 and not more than 150 ml. In this case, the discharge should not have a pungent odor, be accompanied by itching, cutting and burning.

When the cycle is fully formed, a woman needs to monitor its regularity, mark the necessary days on the calendar. It is advisable to write down all its deviations from the usual in order to know the episodic or permanent nature, since this is the key to the general and reproductive health of a woman.

Physiological causes of brown discharge

The appearance of such secretions is quite normal during the period of the first menstruation, when the teenage girl has not yet fully established.

The reproductive system is still immature, the balance of hormones has not been formed and their concentration is still insufficient. Therefore, menstruation is not yet regular, meager (hypomenorrhea), manifested by weak brownish discharge in.

The period of reaching or becoming menopause is manifested by such brown discharge. It's all about the gradual extinction of the normal function of the ovaries and the female reproductive system as a whole.

It is quite acceptable when, before the onset of menstruation or within 1-2 days after their termination, scant discharge is noted, which has a brownish tint.

Such a phenomenon is not considered pathological, provided that the duration of the discharge takes no more than 3-4 days, is not accompanied by pain, burning, itching. The general condition should remain satisfactory, and there is no unpleasant odor in the discharge.

When a woman uses oral contraceptives or a hormonal spiral to prevent pregnancy, then instead of menstruation, she has the so-called. It looks like a scanty brown staining discharge that appears in the first days of the expected menstruation.

If a sexually active woman found the occurrence of brown discharge on the first day of menstruation, then the cause of this may be the onset of pregnancy. Sometimes its onset occurs imperceptibly and is manifested only by a delay. Otherwise, such discharge indicates the attachment of the embryo to the wall of the uterus.

Polycystic ovary syndrome can be manifested by the fact that a woman had normal menstruation, and then suddenly appeared menstruation of a dark brown color for several cycles in a row.

Treatment

If a woman has, the doctor will prescribe corrective hormonal treatment.

Hormonal disorders due to medication are corrected by changing the drug or changing its dose. If the failure was caused by an endocrine pathology, then the underlying disease is treated.

Stress as the cause of brown discharge requires the appointment of sedatives. You may need to consult a neurologist, psychologist and psychotherapist.

In inflammatory diseases of the uterus, antimicrobial drugs, antihistamines are prescribed.

Polyps, ectopic pregnancy need surgical treatment. There are modern laparoscopic operations that are much less traumatic than classical ones and allow you to quickly return to your normal lifestyle.

Conclusion

Deviations of the normal menstrual cycle are both symptoms of various gynecological diseases, and may have completely physiological causes. Brown discharge that appeared during menstruation is one such example. Do not panic, but it is better to immediately seek help from a specialist and undergo a full examination.

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As you know, the average duration of menstrual flow is about 3-5 days. During this time, about 50-70 ml of blood is excreted from the female genital tract (up to 150 ml, together with particles of the endometrium). The color of the discharge is bright red.

However, due to a number of reasons, menstruation may be brown. This phenomenon is not considered by doctors as a variant of the norm and requires diagnostic measures to determine the type of violation. Let's try to figure out in what cases discharge from the genital tract of this color can be noted and what they can talk about.

Why do women have dark brown periods?

Before you accurately establish the cause of such a violation, it should be noted that its appearance may be due to the following factors:

• features of sexual life;
• the presence of operations on the reproductive system in the past;
• woman's age;
• the presence of sexually transmitted diseases;
• violation of metabolic processes and hormonal failure;
• the impact of external factors (acclimatization, diets, bad habits, harmful working conditions, constant stress, etc.).

So often the explanation for why menstruation is brown may be the onset of pregnancy. At the same time, the volume of the secretions themselves is small and therefore women call them daubs. First of all, women of childbearing age who notice the sudden appearance of brown discharge should take a pregnancy test. If the test gave a positive result, then with such symptoms it is necessary to contact a gynecologist, because. often brown discharge can signal an ectopic pregnancy.

Also, among the reasons for menstruation of a dark brown color, it is necessary to name a change in the hormonal background. This can be observed in the postpartum period, when the hormonal system is restored. At the same time, many mothers note that at first their menstrual flow is rather scarce and brown.

As mentioned above, age has a direct impact not only on the nature of the secretions, but also on their color. This, in particular, can be observed in young girls during the formation of the menstrual cycle. It is worth noting that the establishment of menstruation can take up to 1.5-2 years, during which such phenomena are possible.

Mature women over 40 years of age may experience brown menstrual bleeding during premenopause. This phenomenon is not considered a deviation from the norm.

What diseases can cause brown menstruation?

Often, in the course of searching for an answer to the question of why brown blood is released during menstruation, doctors diagnose a gynecological disorder.

In diseases such as adenomyosis, endometriosis, endocervicitis, a change in the color of the discharge is often noted. At the same time, their volume also increases, which cannot but alert the girl. As a rule, it is these diseases that are the answer to the question of why a girl’s period is brown at the very beginning.

It is also necessary to say that such symptoms can also be observed with such a violation as

If we talk about why brown menstruation is already observed immediately at the end of menstruation, it is worth noting that this situation may indicate a disease such as cervical erosion. However, this symptom is not always regarded as a symptom of the disease, because. possibly postmenstrual discharge of blood retained in the folds of the vagina.

Among the causes of menstruation with brown clots, it is necessary to name first of all sexual infections. These include gonorrhea, syphilis, chlamydia, etc.

Thus, as can be seen from this article, there are enough reasons for the appearance of brown periods. That is why it is very important to accurately determine the one that caused the violation in a particular case and begin treatment.

Discharge color during menstruation one of the indicators of the health of the female reproductive system. Normally, they have a dark red hue, as the blood lingers in the uterus and is slightly oxidized before being released. But in some cases, the characteristics of menstruation change, and they become brownish in color, and sometimes an unpleasant odor. Such discharges are quite common and can be both a variant of the norm and pathology. What to do if a woman has brown menstruation, why is this phenomenon observed, and in what cases should you consult a doctor?

female reproductive system sensitive to external and internal factors therefore, the brown color of menstruation can be caused by a number of reasons, ranging from natural changes in the body to serious diseases and pathologies.

• Beginning and end of menstrual bleeding. At the end and at the beginning of menstruation, brown blood is normal - the shade of the discharge changes under the influence of hormones. If a woman feels normal, then this condition does not require medical intervention.
• Natural hormonal changes. During the formation of the menstrual cycle and before the onset of menopause, fluctuations in the hormonal background can cause a change in the color of the discharge. Menstruation, as a rule, is scanty, may be accompanied by hot flashes to the face, excessive sweating, headaches, discomfort in the lower abdomen.
• Pregnancy. Discharge of an unnatural color is one of the signs of conception and pregnancy, along with nausea, fatigue and drowsiness, breast tenderness and other signs. True, this phenomenon, as a rule, indicates an unfavorable course of pregnancy, in particular, hormonal deficiency, an incipient miscarriage, a frozen fetus.
• Polycystic ovary syndrome. A common pathology, which is characterized by a violation of the ovulatory function of the ovaries, and one of the answers to the question of why menstrual blood is brown during menstruation. In addition to this symptom, this disease is manifested by an irregular cycle, acne on the skin, hair growth on the face and chest, and infertility.

Diagnostics

To determine the cause of brown discharge during menstruation for a woman need to undergo a series of diagnostic studies, which will help to get a complete picture of the health of the reproductive system.

1. Examination at the gynecologist. Allows you to identify changes and tissue damage, erosion of the cervix, neoplasms in the uterus and ovaries.
2. Clinical blood and urine tests. They are carried out to detect inflammatory processes in the body - leukocytosis, increased ESR, and traces of protein in the urine are detected in the tests.
3. Research on hormones. A blood test to determine the level of the main sex hormones (estrogen, progesterone) makes it possible to assess the hormonal background of a woman and diagnose disorders.
4. Vaginal smear. Determines pathogens of infectious diseases in the microflora of the genital organs.
5. HCG analysis. Performed when pregnancy is suspected, normal or ectopic.
6. Tests for tumor markers. They are prescribed for suspected cancers of the uterus, ovaries and mammary glands.
7. Ultrasound of the pelvic organs. The most informative method by which you can diagnose endometriosis and other pathologies, ectopic pregnancy, neoplasms in the ovaries and uterus, assess the general condition of the reproductive organs.
8. MRI and CT. They make it possible to determine benign and malignant formations, their structure, localization and other features.
9. Thyroid research. Tests for thyroid hormones and ultrasound of the organ are carried out for hormonal disorders, thyrotoxicosis and other similar diseases.

When making a diagnosis with brown discharge to a woman you may additionally need to consult an endocrinologist, surgeon, oncologist and other specialists.

Treatment

Therapy for brown menstruation depends on the cause of the disease. In inflammatory and infectious diseases, treatment is carried out with antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory drugs in combination with vitamin therapy and immunostimulating agents.

Hormone imbalance requires hormonal therapy - as a rule, women are prescribed suitable oral contraceptives that normalize the menstrual cycle, color and amount of discharge. If a hormonal imbalance is observed during pregnancy, treatment is carried out with drugs containing estrogen, progesterone and other substances (Dufaston, Utrozhestan).

Cysts, fibroids and other neoplasms, as a rule, require surgical intervention, and an ectopic pregnancy requires immediate surgery, since this condition entails a direct threat to a woman's life.

Further prevention

After the normalization of the menstrual cycle and the shade of discharge to a woman need to eat well, take vitamins, avoid hypothermia and indiscriminate sexual intercourse. Inflammatory and infectious processes must be diagnosed and treated in a timely manner, but therapy should be prescribed exclusively by a doctor - self-medication can lead to a deterioration in women's health.

In addition, to prevent diseases of the reproductive system, one should abandon bad habits and, if possible, reduce the amount of stress.

Possible complications and consequences

By itself, brown discharge during menstruation do not pose a health hazard, but the pathologies that cause this symptom require immediate treatment. Hormonal disorders, inflammatory and infectious processes can lead to serious dysfunction of the genital organs, chronic diseases and infertility, and some neoplasms, if left untreated, lead to death.

Any change in the volume and color of discharge during menstruation may indicate a disruption in the functioning of the female reproductive system, and therefore requires an early visit to a doctor.

To find out why menstruation is brown, you should consult a gynecologist and, if necessary, undergo appropriate treatment.

Menstruation is an indicator of a woman's reproductive health, various deviations from the norm in its course always cause concern. It is quite natural that the fair sex begin to worry when they have smearing brown discharge instead of menstruation.

In this article, we will answer the question of why there is menstrual flow with a brown tint, is this a sign of pathology, and whether such a condition requires medical intervention.

Menstruation is normal

Go from 3 to 7 days, while it is dark red or very close to burgundy. This coloration is caused by clotted blood from the vessels that were damaged during the separation of the inner mucous layer of the uterus. The composition of the secretions, in addition to blood, includes mucus produced by the glands of the cervix, and dead epithelial cells.

Normal menstrual flow, even when dark in color, has the following characteristics:

• uniform structure (small clots are allowed);
• red or brown tint;
• the volume of allocations is minimal;
• no itching and burning in the vagina;
• there is no strange and unpleasant smell;
• can start a couple of days before the regulation;
• does not appear in every cycle.

Among the most likely factors for the appearance or so-called hypomenorrhea is a hormonal imbalance, which can be provoked by both the woman herself and external conditions.

brown secret

Normal brown menstruation should not have an unpleasant odor and. If such discharge is observed monthly, this is a serious reason to think about your health and consult a doctor.

If there is a spotting of a brownish tint or discharge in the form of clots, this means that there are some disturbances in the woman's reproductive system.

smears

On the first day, when menstruation began, a woman should have about 50 ml of menstrual flow. Due to any violations, a daub appears, and the prescribed amount of discharge does not come out. Additionally, you should pay attention to the symptoms associated with the regulations:

• pain in the head and in the genital area;
• heaviness in the chest;
• pain in the back;
• nausea.

If, in addition to spotting leaks that have a brown tint, the listed symptoms also appear, this may be a sign of serious abnormalities:

• normal or ectopic pregnancy;
• ovarian and pituitary dysfunction;
• endometrial dysfunction caused by operations, inflammation or tuberculosis of the genital organs;
• improper contraception;
• genital trauma;
• stressful state;
• sharp weight fluctuations;
• physical stress;
• hormonal disorders caused by endocrine pathologies.

meager discharge

Hypomenorrhea can be primary or secondary. In the first case, brown periods begin to go from the very first day. Their cause is the underdevelopment of the genital organs and congenital anomalies of the genital area. Secondary brown colors up to a certain point do not bother a woman, but can only begin when there are disturbances in the activity of the female body.

In this case, there are such causes of hypomenorrhea:

• heredity;
• infections in the genitals;
• hormonal failure due to beriberi, moving, climate change and other reasons.

On the first day of the cycle

Some women have no idea why the first day of menstruation begins with brown discharge. Experts say that this is quite normal, but only if the color and consistency of the discharge returns to normal in the following days. If there is brown discharge at the beginning of menstruation, all 3-7 days and end with brown discharge, this is a signal that the female body needs the help of a doctor who can determine the cause of such deviations.

Smell

Normally, menstruation has a metallic sour smell and a reddish tint. By the end of menstruation, less and less liquid is released, and its color gradually becomes darker, so it’s natural for a wave when a daub comes out at the end of the regulation, but it should go no more than 1-2 days. If this daub has a strong putrid odor, you should immediately consult a doctor.

natural causes

In some periods of a woman's life, the release of a brown secret instead of menstruation is normal, we will consider each of these cases in more detail.

Unsteady cycle

After they went at the age of 12-13, the hormonal cycle stabilizes for another 1.5-2 years. This process is accompanied by fluctuations in the consistency and color of monthly discharge. Since the ovaries have not yet fully matured at this age, the level of sex hormones will also vary, which means that it is quite natural that for several years after menarche a brown spotting will occur instead of regular. After 2 years, the cycle should normalize, if this does not happen, a specialist consultation is required.

Pregnancy

At the very beginning of pregnancy, brown spotting may appear during the implantation of the fetal egg to the inner layer of the uterus. The attachment of the zygote is accompanied by trauma to the small vessels of the endometrium, which are the source of small blood smearing against the background of a secret released from the vagina. The presence of pregnancy can be confirmed by a special test. If the test is positive, and the brown daub does not stop going, then the woman’s body has an insufficient level of progesterone, which is necessary for the full bearing of the fetus. In this situation, a daub may signal a threat of spontaneous abortion, in order to avoid this, you need to donate blood for hormones and undergo treatment.

Postpartum, breastfeeding

After the birth of the baby and after the cessation of breastfeeding, the woman's body gets used to the new hormonal background gradually, the menstrual cycle also normalizes only after a few months. It is quite natural that during the adaptation period, instead of menstruation, a smearing brown secret may appear. If such discharge occurs in each cycle and is accompanied by pain and an unpleasant odor, you should definitely contact a gynecologist.

Climax

When a woman enters, she may appear for 2-3 years. The level of sex hormones decreases, ovulation no longer occurs in every cycle, so the intensity of menstrual flow fluctuates from cycle to cycle. The closer the menopause, the less menstruation becomes. Over time, they begin to look like a brown daub, and then completely disappear.

Pathological causes

If menstrual flow becomes scarce and has a smearing character, most often women of reproductive age think that they have a pregnancy. But if menstruation does not go as usual, but is smeared, and the test is negative, this means that there are other reasons for abnormal discharge. Most often, gynecological pathologies, infections and hormonal disorders are to blame, especially if the brown daub is accompanied by pain in the lower abdomen, fever and other unpleasant symptoms.

Hormonal disorders

Hormonal disruptions in a woman's body directly affect the nature of menstruation. If progesterone is not enough, then the endometrium cannot fully form, because of which its normal rejection does not occur, therefore, instead of regulation, there is a brown daub. With a lack of estrogens, the mechanism of rejection of the endometrium is not fully triggered, which also leads to the release of a dark, smearing secret. Hormonal imbalance can be the result of stress, poor nutrition, improper daily routine and endocrine diseases.

Ectopic pregnancy

If a woman passed a pregnancy test, and it showed a positive result, but at the time when she had her period before pregnancy, now there are brown spotting discharges, you should immediately consult a doctor. The cause of brown spotting may be an ectopic pregnancy, namely, due to the fact that the embryo is not attached to the uterus, but in the tubes. This is a dangerous condition for a woman's health, it can only be eliminated with the help of surgical intervention, and this should be done as early as possible to prevent rupture of the fallopian tube.

infections

If a smearing brown secret is secreted instead of regular due to disturbances in the functioning of the ovaries, then this may be caused by infections and inflammatory processes in the reproductive system. Among latent infections, such symptoms are caused by Trichomonas, gonococci, gardnerella, genital herpes virus, etc. Inflammation can begin due to the pathological growth of microflora, fungi, streptococci, and staphylococci.

Surgical operations

If instead of menstruation there is a brown daub, this may be a consequence of abortion, caesarean section, partial removal of the genital organs and other surgical interventions that cause hormonal imbalance in the woman's body. If the operations went without complications, then only the first regulations can be changed, the next cycle should go normally.

Oncology

In the initial stages, tumors in the reproductive system develop asymptomatically. It is rather difficult to determine their presence by the patient's well-being, only with the growth of education in a woman menstruation delays begin, which are replaced, in which brown blood may contain impurities of pus. In the later stages of cancer, the stomach may hurt, pulling the lower back and thigh.

Sudden changes in weight

If you combine fasting with intense physical activity, then instead of the usual menstruation, a brown smearing secret will go. This disorder causes beriberi and iron deficiency in the body. Similarly, a sharp increase in weight acts, which can also be the cause of brown daub.

Influence of drugs

The brown color of menstruation can be caused not only by hormone-based drugs, but also by some other groups of medicines. Dark daub instead of regulation may appear after preparations of the following varieties:

• antibiotics. After prolonged use of antibacterial agents, the microflora of the vagina changes, which negatively affects the work of the uterus and its appendages, and slight brown discharge appears in the form of a daub. They can be caused by a slowdown in the maturation of the egg;
• anti-ulcer drugs. These drugs almost always cause menstrual disorders, they change the duration of the cycle and cause the appearance of a dark daub, even between periods;
• . These medicines are prescribed to stop uterine bleeding and heavy periods. If you violate the dosage or do not adhere to the prescription, you can provoke a daub instead of critical days or amenorrhea;
• antidepressants. Taking drugs of this group is indicated for too heavy menstruation, but prolonged treatment can lead to the fact that there may be a delay of 3-4 days, and instead of critical days, a brown daub begins.

There is a high probability of an abnormal course of menstruation in women who drink diuretics, psychotropic and steroid medications.

Hormonal drugs and birth control

Hormones are the basis of modern oral contraception, so the female body gets used to each drug for some time. Brown discharge during menstruation during the period of adaptation to a new type of contraception for several months is a variant of the norm. If the daub continues for more than three or four cycles, you should definitely consult a gynecologist.

There may be the following causes of brown spotting when using oral contraception:

• insufficient dosage of hormones;
• deviation from instructions;
• untimely taking the pills;
• individual intolerance to the drug and its components;
• bad habits and diseases.

Very often, hormonal disruptions occur in women who resort to emergency contraception (Agest, Postinor, Escapel). Usually, by the next cycle, the balance of hormones is restored, the main thing is not to use such pills too often.

After installing the intrauterine device, a brown daub may be released during the period of adaptation, as well as in case of its incorrect installation or rejection of the contraceptive by the body. For these reasons, the use of this method of contraception should be under the strict supervision of a doctor.

Wrong way of life

The following factors can change the nature of menstrual flow:

• smoking;
• alcohol abuse;
• poisoning the body with harmful substances;
• work in hazardous production;
• excessive physical activity.

With prolonged exposure to these factors, a small one may initially be observed, but against the background of a deterioration in well-being and a decrease in immunity, instead of menstruation, spotting may begin. In this case, only a complete rejection of bad habits and a change in lifestyle can cope with the problem.

climate change

Spotting can replace regular menstrual bleeding even after a normal move. More tangible changes in a woman's body occur when changing climatic zones. If such spotting continues for more than a week and the state of health worsens significantly, you should definitely contact a medical institution.

Nutrition

An unbalanced, meager diet does not saturate the body with the vitamins and microelements necessary for it, as a result of which menstrual flow can linger for quite a long time. If a woman suddenly gains or loses weight, then menstruation may disappear altogether. If the critical days are delayed by 2-3 days, and at the same time a meager brown daub is released, this indicates a lack of iron in the body. Deficiency of this trace element leads to a darkening of the color of menstrual blood.

Stress and overexertion

Excessive stress and nervous shocks cause problems in the work of the central nervous system, which is responsible for the regularity of the menstrual cycle. These factors can provoke completely different reactions in women. If some have a brown daub instead of critical days against the background of stress, then others may begin uterine bleeding. If at the same time there are no other symptoms, such as pain and general weakness, then you should not worry about this, after getting rid of stress and overstrain, the cycle normalizes.

Symptoms of pathology

Sometimes smearing dirty discharge occurs against the background of a delay - this can be a sign of hormonal disorders and serious pathologies. Brown daub instead of menstruation is typical for the following women's health problems:

• inflammatory processes in the organs of the reproductive and urinary systems;
• infection in the genital area;
• benign and malignant tumors;
• ectopic pregnancy;
• miscarriage;
• other pathological processes.

If instead of critical days a dark daub is released, you should pay attention to the accompanying symptoms:

• pain in the lower abdomen;
• increased body temperature;
• redness of the external genitalia;
• discomfort during sex;
• etc.

To determine the exact cause of spotting, you should seek the help of a doctor.

Deepening into shade

Not only the color and consistency of the liquid that stood out instead of menstruation can tell about the pathology in the body. To make a more accurate diagnosis, you should pay attention even to the shade of the discharge.

Light brown

The presence of an inflammatory process in the body can be indicated by light brown discharge instead of regular. In order to more correctly establish the cause and prescribe treatment, you should pay attention to the presence of additional symptoms:

• itching and burning;
• pulling pains in the lower back and lower abdomen;
• cramps during urination;
• temperature increase;
• pain during intimacy;
• impurities of pus and copious clots in the discharge;
• delay of menstruation by more than a month.

The same symptoms, accompanied by daubing, may indicate the presence of an infection in the body. A light brown secret can be caused by such diseases as chlamydia, gonorrhea, genital herpes, they can also be provoked by trichomonas, ureaplasma and mycoplasma.

Dark brown

A long absence of critical days is almost always a sign of disturbances in the functioning of the reproductive system. If, after a delay, menstruation went dark brown, and their consistency and shade did not change for about 4 days, this may indicate the presence of the following pathologies:

• inflammatory processes in the uterine mucosa;
• erosion;
• focal growth of the endometrium;
• endometriosis.

If curdled discharge is also mixed with bloody discharge, then candidiasis can be diagnosed.

Diagnosis and treatment

If brown discharge appears instead of normal menstruation, you should immediately go to the gynecologist. To find out the cause of such an anomaly, the doctor, in addition to a gynecological examination and smears on the microflora, can conduct a number of additional studies:

• Ultrasound examination of the pelvic organs;
• Ultrasound examination of the thyroid gland;
• general blood test and hormones;
• if the doctor suspects the presence of oncological neoplasms, he may prescribe a CT scan and MRI.

Based on the results of the examination, an accurate diagnosis is established, in some cases, with brown menstruation, you may need to consult an endocrinologist. If the cause of the violations is stress and psycho-emotional disorders, you will need to visit a psychotherapist. Only after the exact cause of the brown daub is established, the doctor will be able to prescribe adequate treatment. If there are hormonal disorders, then a course of drugs is prescribed, the intake of which should be combined with diet and lifestyle changes.

Prevention

The only means of prevention against brown daub are systematic gynecological examinations. Quite often, the initial stage of inflammatory and infectious diseases is asymptomatic, so they can only be detected during regular visits to the gynecologist.