Antiparasitic drugs for humans. Effective antiparasitic drugs

A wide spectrum of action means that the tool is able to destroy several types of worms or protozoa at the same time. There is no universal medicine that immediately destroys all forms of helminths.

Dead or paralyzed worms are expelled from the body during a bowel movement, usually within 24 hours of taking the drug.

To reduce the toxic effects of antihelminthic drugs on the body, to avoid poisoning by the decay products of helminths, it is necessary to take sorbents during cleansing the body, drink at least 2 liters of water per day.

Types of medicines with a wide spectrum of action

Modern synthetic anthelmintic drugs for the treatment of humans have replaced drugs based on natural ingredients. Their main advantage is high efficiency, the ability to quickly eliminate different types of worms. The disadvantage is high toxicity, but if you follow the dosage, take into account all these contraindications, then the drugs are well tolerated.

There are tablets with different active ingredients.

Groups of drugs against helminths:

Overview of effective drugs

Decaris contains the substance levamisole

Contraindications:

• intolerance to levamisole;
• drug agranulocytosis;
• under three years of age;
• the period of bearing a child and natural feeding.

You need to take the medicine after eating. Repeated therapy for toxoplasmosis is carried out after a week, for other types of helminthiasis - after 7-14 days.

In pediatrics, it is allowed to use only Decaris with a concentration of the active ingredient of 50 mg.

The anthelmintic agent is produced in tablets of 6 pieces per pack and as a suspension in dark glass bottles with a volume of 30 ml. One pill and 5 ml of suspension contains 100 mg of mebendazole. The price of tablets is 90–100 rubles, suspensions are 120–150 rubles.

Contraindications:

• intolerance to mebendazole;
• chronic damage to the large intestine (Crohn's disease);
• cirrhosis, hepatitis and other disorders in the liver;
• ulcerative form of colitis.

How to use

During the day after taking the medicine, it is strictly forbidden to drink alcohol, fatty foods, laxatives.

Vermox contains lactose as an auxiliary ingredient, so it is better for people with intolerance to this substance to choose another medicine.

The medicine is produced in tablets, each of which contains 100 mg of mebendazole. The pills are packed in blisters of 6 pieces. The average cost is 150–160 rubles.

Anthelmintic Vormin

Contraindications:

The suspension can be used to treat babies older than a year, at the age of 1-2 years - 10 ml once, after two years - 20 ml. This dosage is considered standard, depending on the form of helminthic invasion, the doctor determines the duration of therapy.

White oblong tablets for chewing contain 0.4 g of albendazole, in 5 ml of suspension, 10 g of powder for preparing a solution, the concentration of the active ingredient is 0.2 g. The price is 250–280 rubles.

Wormil contains albendazole

Contraindications:

• children under the age of two;
• before starting therapy, you need to conduct a pregnancy test - the drug negatively affects the development of the fetus;
• lactation period;
• intolerance to albendazole.

During therapy and within two weeks after its completion, it is necessary to use reliable contraceptives.

The standard dose for adults and children over two years old is 1 pill or 10 ml of suspension, powder daily, with neurocysticercosis and echinococcosis, a double dose of medication is allowed. When diagnosing cystic echinococcosis, the dosage for patients weighing less than 60 kg is 0.015 g per kilogram of body weight, but not more than 0.8 g for 24 hours - they drink the medicine in 2 doses.

Duration of the course depending on the form of helminthiasis

Vormil can be taken for prevention by people who are at increased risk of infection with helminths - agricultural workers, the elderly, preschoolers. The medicine is taken for three days on a tablet, a second course should be done after 6 months.

Contraindications:

• liver failure;
• intolerance to the main or additional ingredients of the drug;
• pregnancy, especially the first trimester;
• age less than four years;
• ocular cysticercosis.

Laboratory studies have shown that the active component of the antihelminthic drug penetrates into breast milk, adversely affecting the well-being and development of the child.

With a single dose, the medicine should be drunk before bedtime, if you need to drink the medicine several times a day, then the interval between doses should be 4-6 hours. The tablet is bitter, so it is better not to chew it, swallow it whole, drink it with clean non-carbonated water.

Instructions for use

During treatment with Praziquantel, grapefruit juice and drinks that contain it should not be consumed - otherwise, the concentration of the drug in the blood may greatly increase, which will cause intoxication.

Helmintox is characterized by low toxicity

Contraindications:

• allergic reactions to pyrantel;
• myasthenia - during treatment;
• pathology of the kidneys and liver;
• lactation.

In pediatrics, it is allowed to use the suspension for the treatment of children older than six months. For children, the dosage of the medicine for infection with roundworms, hookworms and pinworms is prescribed at the rate of 2.5 ml per 10 kg. It is enough to take the drug once.

How to take medicine

With hookworm, the dosage of the drug does not change, but the duration of the course increases to three days.

First, before taking a remedy for worms, the human body must be cleansed and prepared for further treatment. To get rid of the waste products of worms, it is recommended to drink plenty of warm drinks, choleretic agents, and detoxifying drugs (for example, Enterosgel).

When treating helminthiases, it is important to consider the following points:

The last stage of therapy can be called restorative, and it necessarily requires the appointment of funds that help restore the functionality of the liver and gastrointestinal tract. In addition, medicines are recommended to strengthen the immune system, increase the body's natural defenses.

Medical treatment

The drug is available in the form of tablets, as well as suspensions for oral administration. Doctors recommend taking the tablets or suspension at the same time, while eating.

The method of using the medicine is as follows:

• The traditional dosage for a child over 3 years of age and an adult is 400 mg once.
• To get rid of ascaris, pinworms, whipworm and necator, you need to take one tablet once.
• With teniasis, strongyloidiasis, 400 mg of the drug per day is prescribed, the course of treatment is three days.
• For the treatment of opisthorchiasis, take one tablet twice a day, the course of therapy is three days.
• In childhood giardiasis, 400 mg per day is recommended, the duration of treatment is five days.

If a patient is diagnosed with severe mixed helminthiasis, against which there are lesions of internal organs, a violation of their functionality, then it is reasonable to use the remedy for several weeks, then take a short break, and the course is repeated again. Intervals are necessary in order to reduce the toxic effects of the drug on the human body. The price is 30-50 rubles.

Pirantel is an anthelmintic drug, a pharmacy can provide a remedy in the form of tablets, as well as suspensions for oral administration. One tablet includes 250 mg of the main component - pyrantel.

The doctors' comments show that Pirantel is well tolerated by patients, however, in a number of situations, such side effects are not excluded:

1. Dizziness, weakness.
2. Pain in the stomach.
3. Loss of appetite.
4. Insomnia or drowsiness.
5. Increase in body temperature.
6. Allergic reaction.

The dosage of Pirantel depends on the invasion, age and weight of the patient. An adult weighing up to 75 kg is recommended to take three tablets, and if the body weight exceeds 75 kg, then 1000 mg of the active substance is recommended once. The price for Pirantel is 25-55 rubles.

The best drugs: a brief description

Release form - capsules and tablets. The dose for an adult and a child over 12 years of age is calculated as 0.025 grams per kilogram of body weight. Against the background of the use, a convulsive state, allergic reactions, sleep disturbance, fever may occur.

Mebendazole is a broad-spectrum drug that shows maximum results in the fight against pinworms. It is advisable to prescribe for the treatment of the larval stage of echinococcosis. The drug accumulates in echinococcal bladders, as a result of which irreversible processes are observed in the body of helminths.

The method of application is as follows:

• In the treatment for an adult and a child over 12 years old, 100 mg of the active substance is recommended, it is enough to take it once. Young children do not exceed 50 mg of the drug.
• In severe ascariasis, ankylostomiasis and mixed forms of helminthic invasion, take 100 mg twice a day for 3 days.

If a single dose of the remedy was recommended, then side effects are an extremely rare phenomenon, and the maximum that happens is pain in the abdomen and nausea. However, with prolonged therapy with high dosages, headaches, disruption of the gastrointestinal tract, and blood quality parameters change.

An absolute contraindication is hypersensitivity to the drug, the time of bearing a child and breastfeeding, Crohn's pathology, and also if the patient has a history of liver failure.

Undoubtedly, every person is well aware that if a drug helps to destroy living organisms, even the simplest ones, it is quite harmful to people and is highly toxic.

An adult takes the drug one capsule twice a day half an hour before meals, the capsules are washed down with water. For children aged 5-12 years, one capsule per day can be taken. The duration of therapy varies from 30 to 45 days.

• constant feeling of fatigue, irritability;
• pain in the right hypochondrium;
• bloating, flatulence;
• stool disorders (alternating constipation and diarrhea);
• plaque on the tongue;
• dry skin;
• nausea, lack of appetite;
• perversion of taste;
• the appearance of rashes on the skin (pimples, blackheads, pustules);
• itching in the anus;
• insomnia, grinding of teeth in sleep;
• joint and muscle pain;
• lowering blood pressure;
• unexplained weight loss, or vice versa, weight gain;
• enlarged lymph nodes, liver and spleen.

Roundworms (pinworms, roundworms). Pinworms look like small whitish-gray worms, up to 1 cm long, roundworms can reach a length of 40 cm. They cause a serious disturbance of well-being and a breakdown in the functions of the digestive system. The place of localization of pinworms is the lower intestines, and ascaris larvae can penetrate into various organs and tissues of the body with blood flow. The main symptoms of infection are itching in the rectal area, which worsens at night, bad breath, weakness, fatigue, and abdominal pain.

This group includes different types of tapeworms, which, penetrating into the intestines, absorb nutrients, vitamins and minerals from food. They suck out all the “juices” from the body, releasing toxic substances in return that cause serious harm to the body.

flatworms or flukes are extremely dangerous, they stick to the walls of the intestine, penetrate the gallbladder, liver and provoke disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, nervous system, contribute to the development of diseases such as cholecystitis, pancreatitis, hepatitis.

For children, drugs are selected with extreme caution, taking into account age and body weight, in order to prevent overdose and undesirable consequences from taking toxic drugs. In childhood, medicines such as:

1. piperazine,
2. Decaris,
3. Pirantel,
4. Albendazole

Another opinion is that all family members, including children (especially those who attend children's groups) should take Pirantel every six months. This is especially important if there are children of preschool age in the family who begin to consciously observe the requirements of personal hygiene only by the age of 5-6. Well, if pinworms are found in a child, then treatment should be carried out by all family members without fail.

Watch the video: Remedies for worms (helminthiasis): drops, suspensions, suppositories, tablets, ointments, injections

Pharmacy medicines

Drug treatment has a stronger effect on the body than in the previous case. This does not mean that there will be harm to health. However, in the presence of certain dysfunctions, intolerance to components, allergies and other adverse reactions, treatment with these drugs is not recommended.

Next on the list is a drug called Medamin. The medicine has a huge plus: it does not remain in the body and is not absorbed by the intestinal walls, which eliminates intoxication of the body. This medicine is more narrowly aimed at combating helminths, intestinal nematodes. Pregnant women should not take it. There may also be hypersensitivity to the drug. As possible adverse reactions may be the urge to vomit, mild dizziness.

Previous medicinal tablets should not be used in children. In this case, the manufacturer claims that Pirantel can be used by babies, but only in the form of a suspension. The instructions describe in more detail the dosages for children. But even here there are a lot of factors that can affect not in favor of this drug: there are many side effects, even if not mandatory. These include vomiting, headaches, diarrhea and colic with pain in the abdominal cavity, general weakness. As in previous cases, during pregnancy, lactation, treatment of disorders of the nervous system - such drugs cannot be used.

Methods of disposal

Observing the rules of personal hygiene is the most important condition!

Eat only fruits and vegetables washed under clean water, wash your hands as often as possible.

Children's helminthiasis occurs after infection with a certain type of larvae or eggs of helminths. Doctors admit that children suffer this disease much more difficult than adults, and the risks of getting diseases associated with helminthiasis are many times higher. Little tomboys mainly suffer from those worms that are in the soil or can be transmitted through unwashed vegetables or fruits. Most often, such larvae enter the child's body in the summer, both a playground and a summer cottage can become a risk zone.

• nematodes;
• cestodes;
• trematodes.

The primary symptoms of helminthiasis in adults and children resemble signs of poisoning or general weakness of the body against the background of seasonal beriberi. Nausea, vomiting, slight fluctuations in body temperature and discomfort in the anus are alarm signals that indicate a possible infection with helminths. More often, adults ignore such symptoms or simply remove them with quick-acting medications. Children, on the other hand, rarely complain about such a manifestation of the disease, or cannot clearly enough explain their feelings. The main problem of such treatment is that it does not destroy helminths, but simply reduces their activity for a while.

• "Levamisole";
• "Carbendasim".

• albendazole;
• mepacrine.

An effective remedy is taken in combination with drugs that restore the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract and strengthen the child's immunity.

Trematodes include flukes or flukes, for the fight against which small patients are prescribed medicines with a high concentration of praziquantel. Flatworms are treated in a similar way.

Preparations for combating helminthiasis that will not harm the child

Each effective, but potentially dangerous drug is accompanied by an instruction, following which you can avoid undesirable consequences and complications. The scheme of taking funds that help in the fight against worms:

No matter how effective the drug is, it can cause side effects in any patient. Caring parents are obliged to pay attention to the condition of the child for the entire period of therapy.

The scheme of treatment of children's helminthiasis

• "Pirantel";
• "Wormil".

Universal drugs are selected according to the age of the child. Analogues of well-known medicines have a similar principle of action and are used in cases where the components of Pirantel or Vormil cause discomfort or pain, nausea, vomiting (intoxication of the body).

Conditions for taking antihelminthic drugs

Prevention of worms

Helminthiasis is more difficult for children than for adults. And the reason for this is the low immunity of the child. It is always easier to prevent a dangerous, protracted disease than to cure it in the future. Prevention of children's helminthiasis is quite simple:

• after visiting the street or the toilet, the child thoroughly wash their hands;
• all food is washed, cleaned and heat-treated before consumption;
• daily body hygiene is observed.

If there is an immediate threat of infection with helminthiasis (the child is in contact with an infected person), then the doctor prescribes prophylactic administration of drugs with anthelmintic properties. It is necessary to cure children's helminthiasis at any stage of the disease.