Accessibility Act for the Disabled. Goals and features of the state program "Accessible Environment" for the disabled

Taking into account the fact that almost 9% of the population of Tatarstan are citizens with disabilities, one of the directions of the socio-economic development strategy of the Republic of Tatarstan is the rehabilitation and social integration of people with disabilities.
It is necessary to create by means of architecture, urban planning, transport, informatization and communication conditions that provide disabled people with equal opportunities with all citizens in using social infrastructure facilities, obtaining education, realizing creative potential, and active participation in public life.
In the new design and reconstruction of public, residential and industrial buildings, it is necessary to provide for disabled people and citizens of other low-mobility groups of the population living conditions equal to those of other categories of the population.
Barrier-free environment. This term is applied to elements of the environment that can be freely entered, accessed and used by people with physical, sensory or intellectual disabilities.
Design solutions for objects accessible to disabled people should not limit the living conditions of other groups of the population, as well as the efficiency of building operation.
The main provisions that ensure that the interests of people with disabilities and other people with limited mobility are taken into account are contained in the building codes and rules SNiP 35-01-2001 “Accessibility of buildings and structures for people with limited mobility”.

General requirements for buildings, structures and their sections

1.1 Ramps

The building must have at least one entrance adapted for people with limited mobility (hereinafter - MGN), from the surface of the earth and from each underground or overhead passage accessible to MGN, connected to this building.

Floor sections on the traffic routes at a distance of 0.6 m in front of the entrances to the ramps must have a corrugated and / or contrastingly colored surface.
The maximum height of one rise (march) of the ramp should not exceed 0.8 m with a slope of not more than 8%. With a difference in floor heights on the movement paths of 0.2 m or less, it is allowed to increase the slope of the ramp up to 10%. In exceptional cases, screw ramps are allowed.
Along both sides of all stairs and ramps, as well as at all height differences of more than 0.45 m, fences with handrails must be installed. The handrails of the ramps should, as a rule, be placed at a height of 0.7 and 0.9 m, at the stairs - at a height of 0.9 m, and in preschool institutions also at a height of 0.5 m.

The width of the ramp for one-way traffic must be at least 1 m, in other cases - at least 1.8 m.
The platform on the horizontal section of the ramp with a straight path of movement or at a turn should be at least 1.5 m.
Borders with a height of at least 0.05 m should be provided along the longitudinal edges of the marches of ramps, as well as along the edge of horizontal surfaces with a height difference of more than 0.45 m to prevent slipping of the cane or leg, which is important not only for people with disabilities with disorders of the musculoskeletal system, but also for other categories of disabled people, including the visually and hearing impaired.

Barriers, railings, etc., should be installed under open stairs with a height of less than 1.9 m to prevent falls and subsequent injuries, especially for the visually impaired.
Sections of the floor on the paths at a distance of 0.6 m in front of the entrances to the stairs must have a warning corrugated and/or contrastingly colored surface.

Stairs should be duplicated by ramps, and, if necessary, by other means of lifting.

The width of the exits from the premises and corridors to the staircase must be at least 0.9 m.
The width of the flight of stairs is not less than 1.35 m.
The width of the treads of the stairs is not less than 0.3 m,
The height of the steps is no more than 0.15 m.
The slopes of the stairs should be no more than 1:2.

Stair steps must be solid, even, without protrusions and with a rough surface. The rib of the step must have a rounding with a radius of not more than 0.05 m. The side edges of the steps that are not adjacent to the walls must have bumpers with a height of at least 0.02 m.

Along both sides of all stairs and ramps, as well as at all height differences of more than 0.45 m, fences with handrails must be installed.

at the stairs - at a height of 0.9 m,
in preschool institutions also at a height of 0.5 m.

The entrance platform should have: a canopy, a drainage system, and, depending on local climatic conditions, heating so that the entrance is accessible to any category of disabled people
Transparent doors and railings should be made of impact-resistant material. On transparent door leafs, a bright contrasting marking with a height of at least 0.1 m and a width of at least 0.2 m should be provided, located at a level not lower than 1.2 m and not higher than 1.5 m from the surface of the pedestrian path.

The surfaces of entrance platforms and vestibules must be hard, not slip when wet, and have a transverse slope within 1-2%.

The width of door and open openings in the wall, exits from rooms and from corridors to the stairwell should be at least 0.9 m.

Doorways should not have thresholds and floor height differences. If it is necessary to install thresholds, their height should not exceed 0.025 m.
It is not allowed to use revolving doors and turnstiles on the MGN traffic routes.
On the MGN movement paths, it is recommended to use single-acting hinged doors with locks in the "open" and "closed" positions. Doors should also be used that provide a delay in the automatic closing of doors of at least 5 s.
Floor areas on traffic routes at a distance of 0.6 m in front of doorways and entrances to ramps should have a corrugated and / or contrastingly colored surface to provide access to the building for visually and hearing impaired people.

1. Buildings should be equipped with passenger elevators or lifting platforms in the case of premises visited by wheelchair users. The choice of the method of lifting the disabled and the possibility of duplicating these methods of lifting are established in the design decision.

2. Parameters of the elevator cabin intended for use by a disabled person in a wheelchair (internal dimensions):
width - not less than 1.1 m;
depth - not less than 1.4 m.
The width of the doorway is not less than 0.9 m.

In other cases, the size of the doorway is set in the design assignment in accordance with GOST R 51631.

Floor areas on traffic routes at a distance of 0.6 m in front of doorways and entrances to stairs and ramps, as well as before turning communication routes, must have a warning corrugated and / or painted surface, it is allowed to provide light beacons.

In public restrooms, it is necessary to provide at least one universal cabin accessible to all categories of citizens.
The universal cabin of the public restroom should have the following dimensions:
- width - not less than 1.65 m;
- depth - not less than 1.8 m.

In the cabin next to the toilet, space should be provided for placing a wheelchair, as well as hooks for clothes, crutches and other accessories.

In sanitary facilities, provision should be made for the installation of handrails, bars, swivel or folding seats.

The recommended height of curbs along the edges of pedestrian paths should be at least 0.05 m.
The height of the curb stone at the intersection of sidewalks with the carriageway, as well as the height difference of curbs, curb stones along operated lawns and landscaped areas adjacent to pedestrian paths, should not exceed 0.04 m.
Tactile aids for the visually impaired on the pavement of pedestrian paths on the site should be placed at least - 0.8 m before the information object, the beginning of the dangerous section, changing the direction of movement, entrance, etc.

For coverings of footpaths, sidewalks and ramps, the use of bulk or coarse-grained materials is not allowed.

The coating of concrete slabs must be even, and the thickness of the joints between the slabs should not exceed 0.015 m.

When arranging exits from the sidewalk near the building, it is allowed to increase the longitudinal slope up to 10% for no more than 10 m.

If there are underground and overhead passages on the territory or site, they should, as a rule, be equipped with ramps or lifting devices, if it is impossible to organize a ground passage for the MGN.

The entrance to the territory or site should be equipped with elements of information about the object accessible to the disabled.

In open individual parking lots near service establishments, at least 10% of the places (but not less than one place) should be allocated for the transport of disabled people. These places must be marked with signs adopted in international practice (Article 15 of the Federal Law No. 181-FZ).

It is advisable to place places for personal vehicles of disabled people near the entrance accessible to disabled people, but no further than 50 m, and for residential buildings - no further than 100 m.

The width of the zone for parking a car with a disabled person must be at least 3.5 m.

Enterprises, institutions and organizations providing transport services to the population provide equipment with special devices for stations, airports and other facilities that allow disabled people to freely use their services. Organizations providing transport services to the population provide the equipment of these facilities with special devices and devices in order to create conditions for the disabled for the unhindered use of these facilities. (Article 15 of the Federal Law No. 181-FZ)

A prerequisite for the accessibility of the metro is the presence of a relief (tactile) strip in front of the stairs, ramps (top and bottom) along the entire length, as well as in front of the door, ticket office, in front of the media and telecommunications and at the exit from the escalator.
Lane width - 0.5-o.6 m for ramps, stairs, in front of the media and telecommunications,
0.3 m - in front of the door and ticket office.
The distance of the strip to the edge of the extreme step of the stairs is 0.8 m.
The recommended width of the flight of stairs is at least 1.35 m.
The distance from the tactile strip to the edge of the last step is 0.8 m.
It is also necessary to have a contrasting color of the upper and lower steps of the flight of stairs and the ramp.
The presence of bumpers along the edges of the flight of stairs should be at least 2 cm, if they do not come into contact with the wall.

Entrance doors in the subway car must have a clear opening width of at least 90 cm. The height of the threshold when entering the car from the platform must be no more than 2.5 cm.

Landing platforms must have tactile shuttle lines along the boarding edge of the platform.

It is mandatory to have a sign of accessibility for wheelchair users and a contrasting warning label on the door (bright yellow or red), the height of which from the floor level should be 120-150 cm.
It is also mandatory to have special places for the disabled and signs for the movement of wheelchair users throughout the metro.

A - a symbol of accessibility for the disabled
B - a symbol of accessibility for people with hearing impairment
B - symbol "Telecommunication devices for people with hearing impairment
1,2 - symbol of accessibility for the disabled
3 - a place for the disabled, the elderly with children
4 - escalator (elevator)
5.6 - toilets for the disabled
7 - elevator for the disabled
8 - escape routes
9.10 - entrance and exit from the premises
11 - direction of movement, turn
12 - information center (reference)

5.2 Airports (foreign and domestic experience)

Frankfurt am Main Airport (FRA) has two terminals that are connected by high-speed trains, are free of charge and have wheelchair ramps. Free buses run between the terminals every 10 minutes.
The airport has automatic doors, adapted telephones and disabled toilets.
At Düsseldorf International Airport (DUS) there are rooms for the disabled and wheelchair accessible for those who request it.
Hong Kong International Airport is fully wheelchair accessible. There are many toilets, elevators, ramps and escalators around the airport and at the Ground Transportation Center with wheelchair facilities. Parking spaces reserved for disabled drivers are available in four car parks.
Wheelchairs are provided free of charge by airlines; Passengers must inform the airlines in advance before traveling.
To facilitate the movement of disabled people around the building, the Vnukovo airport terminal is equipped with ramps and special elevators. The cabins are provided with handrails, and the call buttons are located at a height accessible to wheelchair users. The elevators also provide duplication of inscriptions in Braille and voice announcements of stops. In total, 78 elevators, 61 escalators and 38 moving walkways have been built in Terminal A. In addition, the so-called “smooth floor” system has been implemented throughout the terminal, allowing passengers with limited mobility to move freely.
Information about the arrival and departure of flights at the airport is not only displayed on the scoreboard, but also duplicated by announcements over the speakerphone. Blind passengers are accompanied by Vnukovo employees during all movements around the terminal.
Ufa airport has acquired new special equipment - an ambulift. With the help of this machine, it will be easier for people with disabilities to get on or off the plane. The lift cabin can accommodate 2 wheelchairs and 2 accompanying persons. The ambulift has a so-called through corridor so that it is not necessary to turn around inside the cabin. The machine rises more than 5 meters and is suitable for almost all types of aircraft.

Fig. 1 Terminal for receiving information (convenient for both healthy people and people with visual impairments)

Fig. 2 Board with contrasting names of aircraft flights for the visually impaired

Fig.3 Special elevator for persons with disabilities at the airport

Fig. 4 Sanitary and hygienic room equipped specifically for the disabled

Rice. Index of service places for the disabled

5.3. Railway stations

More than 100 carriages with special compartments designed for disabled people run on Russian railways. In such compartments, everything is provided to facilitate travel for people with health problems.
The entrance to the train car is equipped with a special lift, with the help of which the passenger, without leaving the wheelchair, can get inside from both high and low platforms.
A double compartment designed for a disabled person and an accompanying person is wider than the standard one. So that the disabled person can transfer to the chair without outside help, there are special auxiliary belts. The sleeping shelf is transformed into any position convenient for the sick passenger.
For the blind and visually impaired, low-lying switches, sockets, conductor call buttons are equipped with plates with relief text - for reading with “fingers”, and a special sound device that provides the necessary information. An automated communication system allows you to call a guide in an emergency.
The toilet in such cars is also wider and larger in size than in ordinary ones, and additional handrails are installed in it. The toilet is equipped with a sound and light board - for passengers with vision or hearing problems.

Rice. Station entrance

Rice. Ticket office for the disabled with handrails and ramp at the station

Rice. Disabled toilet location sign

Rice. Payphone for the visually impaired

Rice. Elevating platform for disabled access to the train car

Rice. Seats for the disabled in modern trains

Rice. Special compartments for the disabled in train cars

Legislative and regulatory documents of the Russian Federation that ensure and regulate the creation of an accessible environment for people with disabilities

"Constitution of the Russian Federation" dated 12.12.1993. Article 27 enshrines the human right to freedom of movement.

Federal Law of November 24, 1995 No. 181-FZ “On the Social Protection of the Disabled in the Russian Federation”.

Article 14 "Ensuring free access of persons with disabilities to information." The state guarantees the disabled person the right to receive the necessary information.
Article 15 "Ensuring unhindered access of persons with disabilities to social infrastructure facilities."
The Government of the Russian Federation, executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, local governments and organizations, regardless of organizational and legal forms, create conditions for people with disabilities (including people with disabilities who use wheelchairs and guide dogs) for unhindered access to social infrastructure facilities (residential, public and industrial buildings, buildings and structures, sports facilities, recreational facilities, cultural and entertainment and other institutions), as well as for the unimpeded use of railway, air, water, intercity road transport and all types of urban and suburban passenger transport, communications and information (including means providing duplication of light signals of traffic lights and devices regulating the movement of pedestrians through transport communications with sound signals).
Planning and development of cities, other settlements, formation of residential and recreational areas, development of design solutions for new construction and reconstruction of buildings, structures and their complexes, as well as the development and production of public vehicles, communications and information without adapting these objects for access disabled people are not allowed to access them and their use by disabled people is not allowed.
At each parking lot (stop) of motor vehicles, including those near trade enterprises, services, medical, sports and cultural and entertainment institutions, at least 10 percent of places (but not less than one place) are allocated for parking special vehicles of disabled people who are not must be occupied by other vehicles. Disabled people use the parking spaces for special vehicles free of charge.
Article 16 "Responsibility for evading the requirements to create conditions for persons with disabilities for unimpeded access to engineering, transport and social infrastructure"
Legal entities and officials for evading the fulfillment of the requirements stipulated by this Federal Law, other federal laws and other regulatory legal acts for creating conditions for persons with disabilities for unhindered access to engineering, transport and social infrastructure facilities, as well as for unhindered use of railway, air, water, intercity road transport and all types of urban and suburban passenger transport, means of communication and information bear administrative responsibility in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

"Code of the Russian Federation on Administrative Offenses" dated December 30, 1995 No. 195-FZ
Article 5.43. “Violation of the requirements of the legislation providing for the allocation of parking spaces (stops) for special vehicles for disabled people”
Violation of the requirements of the legislation providing for the allocation of parking spaces (stops) for special vehicles of disabled persons shall entail the imposition of an administrative fine on officials in the amount established by law.
Article 9.13. Evasion of the requirements of accessibility for the disabled of objects of engineering, transport and social infrastructure
Evasion of the requirements to ensure conditions for the access of disabled people to objects of engineering, transport and social infrastructure entails the imposition of an administrative fine on officials in the amount established by law.
Article 11.24. Organization of transport services for the population without creating conditions for accessibility for the disabled
Violation of the requirements of the legislation by the head of the organization or other official responsible for organizing the system of transport services for the population and the operation of vehicles, providing for the inclusion of vehicles accessible to the disabled in the system of transport services for the population, entails the imposition of an administrative fine on officials in the amount established by law.

"Urban Planning Code of the Russian Federation" dated December 29, 2004 No. 190-FZ
Article 2. Basic principles of legislation on urban planning
The legislation on urban planning and the regulatory legal acts issued in accordance with it are based on the following principles:
-providing disabled people with conditions for unhindered access to social and other facilities;
-responsibility for violation of the legislation on urban development;
-compensation for damage caused to individuals, legal entities as a result of violations of the requirements of the legislation on urban planning activities, in full.

Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated June 21, 2010 No. 1047-r "List of national standards and codes of practice (parts of such standards and codes of rules), as a result of which, on a mandatory basis, compliance with the requirements of the federal law "Technical Regulations on the Safety of Buildings and Structures" is ensured:
P. 76. SNiP 35-01-2001 "Accessibility of buildings and structures for people with limited mobility". Sections 3 (clauses 3.1 - 3.37, 3.39, 3.52 - 3.72), 4 (clauses 4.1 - 4.10, 4.12 - 4.21, 4.23 - 4.32).

List of legal documents regulating the development of project documentation to ensure an accessible environment for the disabled.

SNiP 35-01-2001 "Accessibility of buildings and structures for people with limited mobility";
RDS 35-201-99 "The procedure for implementing the requirements for accessibility for the disabled to social infrastructure facilities";
SP 35-101-2001 "Design of buildings and structures, taking into account accessibility for people with limited mobility";
SP 35-102-2001 "Living environment with planning elements accessible to the disabled";
SP 35-103-2001 "Public buildings and structures accessible to visitors with limited mobility";
SP 35-104-2001 "Buildings and premises with places of work for the disabled";
SNiP 31-06-2009 "Public buildings and structures";
GOST R 51631-2008 “Passenger elevators. Technical accessibility requirements, including accessibility for people with disabilities and other people with limited mobility”;
GOST R 51630-2000 “Lifting platforms with vertical and inclined movement for the disabled. Accessibility technical requirements”;
GOST R 52131-2003 "Means for displaying information sign for the disabled";
GOST R 51671-2000 “Technical communication and information facilities for general use, accessible to disabled people. Classification. Availability and security requirements”;
GOST R 52875-2007 Tactile Ground Signs for the Visually Impaired. Technical requirements";
GOST 51261-99 “Stationary rehabilitation support devices. Types and technical requirements»

According to 2017 statistics, there are about 15 million people with disabilities in Russia, which is 10% of the total population. It's hard to believe, since you can rarely meet a disabled person in public places. This is due to the infrastructure of Russian cities, which is absolutely not adapted to the needs of people with disabilities. The Government of the Russian Federation intends to correct the current situation with the help of the federal program "Accessible Environment". Let us consider what the main tasks and stages of this program are, as well as what results have been achieved to date.

Legislation

The authorities took care to create comfortable living conditions for people with disabilities after Russia signed in September 2008 the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. In the same year, the government adopted, which became the starting point of the "Accessible Environment" program. Later, the program was extended more than once, and the last regulatory document in force in relation to it is (as amended on 11/09/2017).

Terms of the program implementation

According to the latest resolution, the total period for the implementation of the program falls on 2011-2020. It includes 4 stages.

1. Preparation of the legislative base in the period from 2011 to 2012.
2. Formation of the material base from 2013 to 2015. This implies the additional equipment of public facilities with special devices for the disabled, the construction of rehabilitation centers, their technical equipment, etc.
3. In 2016-2018, the implementation of the main tasks of the state program falls, which we will consider later.
4. From 2019 to 2020, it is planned to sum up the results of the work done and develop further directions for development.

The Ministry of Labor and Social Development was appointed the body responsible for the phased implementation of the state program. Other participants include the Pension Fund, the Social Insurance Fund, the Ministries of Education, Sports, Housing, Finance and other departments. Of course, the activities and initiatives of regional authorities are also important.

Goals and objectives of the program "Accessible Environment"

The main goal of the program is to improve the quality of life of disabled people and their integration into society. Its implementation is planned by achieving the following objectives.

1. Creation of an accessible environment for people with limited mobility to vital facilities and services of urban infrastructure.
2. Providing affordable rehabilitation and habilitation (formation of new skills) services for citizens with disabilities. The same task implies access to educational services and employment.
3. Increasing the transparency of the work of ITU experts and the objectivity of their decisions.

A budget of 401 billion rubles is planned for the implementation of the tasks set. In particular, in 2018 it is planned to spend more than 45 billion rubles. The sources of formation of the budget of the program are the federal budget and state off-budget funds.

Based on each of the above tasks, separate subprograms have been compiled.

Subprogram No. 1

The first subprogram is aimed at assessing the existing level of accessibility for the disabled of vital objects of the urban environment, as well as creating conditions for its improvement.

The activities under this subprogram include the following.

1. Design of new buildings and modernization of existing ones, taking into account the needs of people with disabilities. These are ramps and elevators for the free movement of sedentary citizens, the creation of additional banners that make it easier to find the right object, etc. It is necessary to adapt not only government departments, but also residential buildings under construction to the capabilities of the disabled.
2. Installation on the streets of traffic lights and stops with sound.
3. Equipping public transport with retractable ramps and introducing new units with a lower floor level.
4. Providing children with disabilities with the opportunity to receive education on an equal basis with other peers. This concerns not only the creation of a barrier-free environment, but also the technical equipment of schools with equipment for the physical and psychological recovery of children (simulators, computers for children with hearing and vision impairments, sensory rooms for relaxation, etc.). It is equally important to have psychologists in the staff of an educational institution who provide support to a disabled child in case of problems in communicating with peers.
5. Financing of sports institutions whose activities are aimed at the development of adaptive physical education and Paralympic sports.
6. Carrying out cultural events involving the participation of persons with disabilities.
7. Implementation of sign language translation in the broadcasts of the main Russian TV channels.

A budget of 35 billion rubles is planned for the implementation of subprogram No. 1.

Subprogram No. 2

The second subprogram is aimed at improving the quality and accessibility of rehabilitation and habilitation services for people with disabilities. Another important goal is to create conditions for them to receive professional training and further employment on an equal basis with those citizens who do not have health restrictions.

To achieve the goals set, a number of activities are planned.

1. Assessment of the needs of the disabled and the creation in accordance with them of an industry for the manufacture of specialized goods.
2. Opening of centers focused both on the general rehabilitation of the disabled through medical treatment and sanatorium services, and medical habilitation in the form of reconstructive surgery and prosthetics.
3. Introduction to the educational program of lessons aimed at forming an adequate perception of children with disabilities by other peers.
4. Organization of joint events by social authorities. protection and employment centers for the vocational training of citizens who, due to health problems, have lost the opportunity to work in their former specialty.
5. Incentives for employers through tax incentives to create jobs for the disabled.

Funding in the amount of 33.5 billion rubles is provided for the implementation of these goals.

Subprogram No. 3

The third subprogram is aimed at improving the objectivity of ITU decisions. The goal is planned to be achieved through the implementation of the following activities.

1. Development of new methods of examination.
2. Improving the criteria for assigning disability groups.
3. Equipping the ITU bureau with modern diagnostic equipment.
4. Creation of a system for independent evaluation of the effectiveness of the work of ITU experts.
5. Establishing effective interaction between ITU institutions of different levels.
6. Improving the qualifications of employees.
7. Establishment of public councils at the main ITU bureaus that consider citizens' complaints about the unethical behavior of experts.
8. Anti-corruption. To this end, it is planned to introduce into the activities of the ITU such modern technologies as electronic queue, audio and video surveillance.

It is planned to allocate 103 billion rubles for the implementation of subprogram No. 3.

Expected results

By the end of the "Accessible Environment" program in 2020, it is planned to obtain the following values ​​of target indicators:

• increasing the share of engineering and transport infrastructure facilities accessible to people with limited mobility up to 55%;
• the formation of a positive assessment in 52.5% of disabled people about the attitude towards them in society;
• equipping up to 44.7% of regions with rehabilitation centers;
• an increase in the proportion of citizens who have completed rehabilitation and habilitation courses, up to 53.6% among the adult population and up to 69.3% among children;
• increase in employment among able-bodied disabled people up to 40%;
• equipping 100% of the main ITU offices with modern diagnostic equipment.

These are the targets for 2018. But additions are introduced into the program every year, which are reflected in its final goals.

Intermediate results of the program

At the end of 2017, the following results were achieved in the field of improving the quality of life of people with disabilities.

1. On January 1, 2017, the federal register of persons with disabilities began to function. It is an information service in which each participant has access to a personal account with information on all payments and benefits due to him. The system allows access to public services in electronic form without visiting departments.
2. The share of public transport equipped with specialized devices for the disabled amounted to 11.1%. At the beginning of the program, the figure was 8.3%.
3. The number of subtitled television programs increased 5 times.
4. The accessibility of medical institutions for people with limited mobility increased to 50.9%.
5. The share of accessible cultural institutions reached 41.4%.
6. Among sports facilities for the disabled, 54.4% became available.
7. In the field of education, 21.5% of schools are adapted to the needs of children with disabilities. At the beginning of the program, this figure was only 2%.
8. In 2017, a pilot project was launched to introduce a system of comprehensive rehabilitation for people with disabilities in the Sverdlovsk Region and the Perm Territory. About 300 million rubles were spent on its implementation during the year.
9. 32.84 billion rubles were allocated to provide needy citizens with auxiliary technical means for the year, which made it possible to cover 1.6 million people.
10. In November 2017, the deputies in the third reading adopted a draft amendment to the federal law "On Employment in the Russian Federation". Its goal is to bring Russian labor legislation into line with the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. The bill provides for the interaction of ITU institutions with employment centers in terms of increasing the proportion of employed people with disabilities. Currently, only 25% of able-bodied citizens with disabilities have a permanent job. In Europe, this figure reaches 40%.

The scale of the implementation of the state program in certain subjects of the Russian Federation also depends on the activity and financial capabilities of the regional authorities. Some of them have achieved significant results in improving the quality of life of people with disabilities. So, in the capital of Buryatia, a whole residential area was designed for people with disabilities. In addition to housing stock, it includes medical facilities, shops, and sports facilities. Houses adapted to the needs of wheelchair users are also being actively built in Moscow and St. Petersburg.

The implementation of the program "Accessible Environment" has been carried out for 7 years. During this time, it was possible to achieve significant improvements in the quality of life of disabled people and their position in Russian society. The first significant results confirm the correctness of the chosen direction, in connection with which the government is considering the possibility of extending the state program until 2025.

On December 13, 2006, the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities was ratified. It became a significant event in the lives of many people. In Russia, this date can be considered the starting point in improving the lives of the disabled. The main purpose of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities is the obligation to protect all rights of persons with disabilities, including the right to freedom of movement, the right to education, and other fundamental human rights and freedoms. Since then, a person with a disability has been recognized as a full-fledged participant in society.

The UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities is a document that formed the basis of the federal target program "Accessible Environment" for 2011-2020, developed taking into account the proposals of Russian societies of persons with disabilities.

The FTP "Accessible Environment" also interacts with SNiP (Construction Norms and Rules) and SP (Code of Rules).

Implementation of the goals of the State Program of the Russian Federation “Accessible Environment” is not an easy task

The state course towards the full integration of disabled people and people with limited physical abilities into the life of society has recently become of particular importance. The Accessible Environment state program was developed taking into account the provisions of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and is aimed at the realization of these rights in all spheres of public life.

It is difficult to overestimate the importance of the implementation of the “Accessible Environment” FTP, since recently the number of people with disabilities in relation to the healthy population is growing inexorably. One of the main tasks of the FTP “Accessible Environment” is to ensure unhindered access to social infrastructure facilities, as well as to services for people with disabilities and people with limited mobility (MSG).

Reasons that directly or indirectly complicate the full implementation of the FTP “Accessible Environment:

• Difficult legal and infrastructural inheritance from the USSR. At that time, there was practically no legal framework for the observance of the rights of persons with disabilities, and there was also no necessary infrastructure;
• Insufficient participation of non-profit organizations (NPOs) in legislative processes;
• Insufficient practical implementation of the provisions of the FTP “Accessible Environment” by the subjects;
• Insufficient public funding;
• Problems in determining priority facilities and services in the areas of life of the disabled and MGN;
• Difficulties in determining a long-term strategy with the consistent implementation of its points and ensuring the availability of social infrastructure facilities;
• Communication barriers.

The above reasons should entail changes in the regulatory framework in the implementation of the FTP “Accessible Environment” in accordance with the provisions of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities.

"Accessible Environment". Assessment of the regulatory and legal framework.

Art. 14, 15 of the Federal Law “On the Social Protection of the Disabled in the Russian Federation” regulate the basic legal norms for organizing an accessible environment. These norms provide for unimpeded access of persons with disabilities to social infrastructure facilities, transport facilities, means of communication and communication, as well as the provision of these facilities with the necessary equipment for wheelchair users, for people with hearing, visual and mental disabilities.

A possible option for the integrated supply of special equipment to ensure the accessibility of the facility and adherence to the principles of Universal Design involves the placement of the following equipment:

• Ramps, elevators;
• Equipment for contrast marking of obstacles and steps on the way;

An accessible environment is one of the conditions for the realization of the fundamental rights of people with disabilities.

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Unfortunately, in practice this often has a declarative character - for show.

The scale of adaptation of social infrastructure facilities to the needs of the accessible environment in Russia is enormous. Therefore, a systematic approach is very important, training qualified specialists on the ground, conducting research work, developing standards in the training of people with disabilities, creating jobs for the disabled and observing the rules for organizing such jobs, independent research of objects and certification of objects in accordance with accessibility requirements.

About the future of the FTP "Accessible Environment"

There is no exact date for the completion of the FTP, and it is unlikely to be foreseen. It would be more correct to say that the "Accessible Environment" program is open-ended. You can understand this by carefully studying the UN Convention.

Recently, there has been a very clear trend towards a reduction in funding for this program from the federal budget and tightening of requirements. The logic of the reduction is clear: there will be more social infrastructure facilities with accessibility, and there will be fewer adaptation tasks.

Yes, there will be new programs with different deadlines, where the best experience will be taken into account in order to build on the results already achieved. In addition, negative experience will be taken into account in order to eliminate the existing problems of creating a barrier-free environment, including through administrative measures. Currently, the legislation of the Russian Federation in the field of organizing an accessible environment provides for the possibility of imposing sanctions against unscrupulous companies that violate the current legislation. This means that unscrupulous companies will be forced not only to pay fines, but also to correct all the shortcomings.

Free access to educational and cultural institutions, medical institutions, transport infrastructure facilities, as well as free access to information is an indisputable and fundamental human right. And only through joint efforts and thanks to a professional approach to business can we provide decent conditions for all citizens, including temporarily incapacitated people with injuries, mothers with children and prams, people with mental disabilities, people with hearing, vision, and musculoskeletal disorders , wheelchair users and other MGN.

Avoid egregious situations of installing unsafe equipment, as in the pictures below! Contact professional companies and equipment suppliers for the disabled.

, tactile floor guides for the blind, information plates and diagrams dubbed in Braille, as well as other equipment.

And stick to Universal Design principles:

• Equality of use;
• Versatility of application;
• Simple and intuitive design;
• Ease of conveying information;
• Ensuring the safety of use;
• Minimum physical effort;
• Space to use and access.

Consult with us and we will surely provide you with an expert solution.

If you are faced with the task of organizing an accessible environment for MGN at your facility, we are ready to develop comprehensive solutions for you from design to delivery of equipment. Our strengths are efficiency and individual approach to each project.

LLC “TD “SEMIVER”

Target federal program "Accessible Environment" in Russia is designed to make living conditions for people with disabilities more comfortable and of better quality. The development of this project began even before Russia signed the international Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities adopted by the UN.

The preparatory process was launched already in 2008 and lasted until 2011. Its significance was explained by official sociological data on the number of people with disabilities in our country. By that time, the indicator had reached 9% of the total population. The statistics showed that 30% of the total number of people with disabilities were of working age and would like to actively participate in society. Sociologists also noted an increase in the number of children with congenital physical disabilities, who also need special conditions for life.

It was decided to carry out the state program in two stages. The first period fell on 2011-2012, when lawyers created a legal framework to improve the quality of life of people with disabilities, sociologists, psychologists and other specialists conducted a public opinion survey, created advisory services, developed mechanisms and tools that would allow the following actions to be carried out within the framework of the program. The second stage was planned from 2013 to 2016. Total allocated from the federal budget 168.44 billion rubles to be implemented at all levels by 2020.

Objectives of the Accessible Environment program

Implementation of this program in the Russian Federation will improve the quality of medical care for the disabled and create favorable conditions for their involvement in public life in various areas. Disabled people will be given all the opportunities that ordinary people can use in the state.

2019 Accessible Environment Program consists of two parts aimed at:

• creation of easy access to the main facilities and services in the main areas of life of persons with disabilities;
• improving the quality of rehabilitation services and improving the entire state medical system.

In the course of their implementation, the following should be obtained:

• objective assessments that would increase the level of accessibility of all state and social facilities and services for people with disabilities;
• equal access to all rehabilitation facilities and services for people with disabilities;
• improving the quality of functioning of the state system of medical and social expertise.