Venous and arterial blood. What is the difference between arterial and venous blood?

Why is the blood almost black from the vein, but not thick?

As you know, blood can be venous and arterial.

Arterial oxygenation in the lungs.

Venous blood is saturated with carbon dioxide as a result metabolic processes in organism.

Venous blood is dark red, almost black blood (in low light).

The color and thickness of blood are concepts from several different planes. The color is determined by the oxygen saturation of the blood and the number of red blood cells. Thickness is reflected in the folding of the protein. platelets seem to be involved.

Blood from a vein is black in color because there is almost no oxygen in the veins and a large number of carbon dioxide. Because of all this, she became so dark. After it passes through your lungs it will become brighter.

The dark color of venous blood is absolutely normal, this is how it should be, perhaps even with a bluish tint. The color depends on the characteristics of a particular organism. The more oxygen the blood gives to the organs, the darker it will be.

Venous blood always has a very dark, almost black tint. Arterial, on the contrary, is bright scarlet. Arterial blood is saturated with oxygen, and venous blood, passing through the vessels, loses a significant part of it and is saturated with carbon dioxide. For this reason, its color also changes.

Human blood has venous and arterial blood. Accordingly, the arterial one is bright red, as it is saturated with oxygen. Venous blood is dark in color, since its function is saturation with carbon dioxide.

This is normal. Venous blood is poor in oxygen and rich in carbon dioxide. But the color of blood and its density are in no way related concepts. Don't worry about this - everything is fine with you.

The thickness of the blood has nothing to do with its color. Whether the blood will be thicker or thinner depends on the degree of coagulation, and this in turn depends on the amount of protein. The color indicates the oxygen saturation of the blood. It is because of this arterial blood in the light it is much lighter than the venous one.

When I was playing sports, we often had blood taken for tests at the physical dispensary (the medical commission was regular and mandatory), then I discovered this oddity, I asked the doctor, he said everything was fine, deoxygenated blood without oxygen(well, almost) this is where the color comes from.

Blood contains a protein called hemoglobin. It contains iron, and it is found in red blood cells - these are blood cells.

These red blood cells give blood its famous red color. And that's why the color of blood can be different, it all depends on the presence in this moment It depends on the oxygen content in the blood cells.

The human body contains both arterial and venous blood. And venous blood differs in color, it is darker, it has little oxygen. But blood from an artery is bright red, because it is well saturated with oxygen.

Venous blood contains carbon dioxide, which gives dark color to her.

The color of blood is actually determined by its saturation; either oxygen or carbon dioxide.

The dark color in the veins is their normal state, since they are already on the way back when they have already delivered oxygen to the capillaries and, in return, collected carbon dioxide for delivery to the exchanger, that is, to the lungs.

Finally, about the thickness of the blood, which depends on its viscosity and the causes of which are; shaped elements blood cells They increase density. And the second is plasma density-reducing. The imbalance between the formed elements in the plasma is the cause of the blood condition.

That's it, fuck you, you're becoming a vampire! Joke. What should it be like? Venous blood is always very dark, almost black in some people. This occurs due to the fact that there is almost no oxygen in the venous blood and a lot of carbon dioxide. This is why it becomes dark. It will pass through the lungs and become bright scarlet and arterial.

Blood is a liquid tissue that circulates in circulatory system vertebrates and humans.

Thanks to blood, metabolism in cells is maintained: blood brings necessary nutrients and oxygen and takes away decay products. By transferring biologically active substances(for example, hormones), blood mediates the relationship between various organs and systems and plays a major role in maintaining the constancy of the internal environment of the body. The connection of tissues with blood occurs through lymph - a liquid that is located in the intertissue and intercellular space.

Blood consists of plasma and formed elements - erythrocytes (red blood cells), leukocytes (white blood cells) and platelets. Blood contains about 20% dry matter and 80% water. Plasma contains sugar minerals and proteins - albumin, globulin, fibrinogen. Red blood cells are necessary for the respiration process. They supply the body with oxygen thanks to the hemoglobin they contain. White blood cells protect the body from germs and accumulate where they go. Platelets, together with fibrinogen, take part in blood clotting during cuts and bleeding.

The blood in the body is continuously renewed. It circulates through closed system- circulatory system. Its movement is ensured by the work of the heart and a certain tone of the blood vessels. The vessels through which blood flows to the organs are called arteries. Blood flows from organs through veins (the liver and heart are exceptions). The color of arterial blood is bright scarlet, and venous blood is dark red.

The heart is a kind of pump that continuously pumps blood through blood vessels. The longitudinal septum divides it into right and left halves, each of which consists of two cavities - the atrium and the ventricle. Blood enters the atria through the veins and exits through the arteries from the ventricles, which have thick muscular walls. The passage of blood from the atria to the ventricles, and from them to the arteries, is regulated by connective tissue formations - valves. They close automatically and prevent blood from flowing in the opposite direction.

The work of the heart depends on a number of factors. If physical activity is increased, the walls of the atria and ventricles contract more often. The same thing happens with mental influence (for example, fear). Heart rate individual species animals are different. At rest in a large cattle, sheep, pigs it is 60–80 times per minute, in horses - 32–42, in chickens - up to 300 times. The heart rate can be determined by the pulse - the periodic expansion of blood vessels.

There are two circles of blood circulation - large and small. Venous blood from internal organs is collected in two large veins- left and right. They fall into right atrium, from which venous blood enters in portions into the right ventricle, and from it passes through the pulmonary artery into the lungs, where it is saturated with oxygen through the lung tissue, giving off carbon dioxide. The oxygenated blood then flows through the pulmonary veins into the left atrium. The path along which blood moves from the right ventricle through the lungs to the left atrium is called the small or respiratory circle. The main purpose of the pulmonary circulation is to saturate the blood with oxygen and remove carbon dioxide from it.

From the left atrium, blood enters the left ventricle, and from there into the aorta. Arteries branch off from it, branching into smaller ones. Organs and tissues are supplied with blood through the smallest blood vessels - arterial capillaries, which penetrate all tissues of the animal's body. From the left ventricle, blood moves through arterial vessels, and then through venous vessels and enters the right atrium, passing through the systemic circulation. It supplies blood enriched with oxygen and nutrients to all organs and tissues of the body.

In order to notice any disturbances in the body in time, you need at least basic knowledge of the anatomy of the human body. It’s not worth delving deeply into this issue, but having an idea of the simplest processes is very important. Today let's find out how venous blood differs from arterial blood, how it moves and through which vessels.

The main function of blood is to transport nutrients to organs and tissues, in particular, the supply of oxygen from the lungs and the return movement of carbon dioxide to them. This process can be called gas exchange.

Blood circulation occurs in a closed system of blood vessels (arteries, veins and capillaries) and is divided into two circles of blood circulation: small and large. This feature allows it to be divided into venous and arterial. As a result, the load on the heart is significantly reduced.

Let's look at what kind of blood is called venous and how it differs from arterial. This type of blood primarily has a dark red color, sometimes they also say that it has a bluish tint. This feature is explained by the fact that it transports carbon dioxide and other metabolic products.

The acidity of venous blood, in contrast to arterial blood, is slightly lower, and it is also warmer. It flows through the vessels slowly and quite close to the surface of the skin. This occurs due to the structural features of the veins, which contain valves that help reduce the speed of blood flow. It also has extremely low levels of nutrients, including a reduction in sugar.

In the vast majority of cases, this type of blood is used for testing during any medical examinations.

Venous blood goes to the heart through the veins, has a dark red color, and carries metabolic products

With venous bleeding, it is much easier to cope with the problem than with a similar process from the arteries.

Number of veins in human body several times the number of arteries, these vessels ensure blood flow from the periphery to the main organ - the heart.

Arterial blood

Based on the above, let us characterize the arterial blood type. It ensures the outflow of blood from the heart and carries it to all systems and organs. Its color is bright red.

Arterial blood is saturated with many nutrients; it delivers oxygen to the tissues. Compared to venous, it has a higher level of glucose and acidity. It flows through the vessels according to the type of pulsation; this can be determined in arteries located close to the surface (wrist, neck).

With arterial bleeding, it is much more difficult to cope with the problem, since the blood flows out very quickly, which poses a threat to the patient’s life. Such vessels are located both deep in the tissues and close to the surface of the skin.

Now let's talk about the paths along which arterial and venous blood moves.

Pulmonary circulation

This path is characterized by blood flow from the heart to the lungs, as well as in the opposite direction. Biological fluid from the right ventricle moves through the pulmonary arteries to the lungs. At this time, it gives off carbon dioxide and absorbs oxygen. At this stage, the venous vein turns into an arterial vein and flows through the four pulmonary veins into left side heart, namely to the atrium. After these processes, it enters the organs and systems, we can talk about the beginning of a large circle of blood circulation.

Systemic circulation

Oxygenated blood from the lungs enters the left atrium and then into the left ventricle, from which it is pushed into the aorta. This vessel, in turn, is divided into two branches: descending and ascending. The first supplies blood to the lower extremities, abdominal and pelvic organs, bottom part chest. The latter nourishes the hands, organs of the neck, upper part chest, brain.

Blood flow disturbance

In some cases, there is poor outflow of venous blood. Such a process can be localized in any organ or part of the body, which will lead to disruption of its functions and the development of corresponding symptoms.

To prevent this pathological condition It is necessary to eat right and provide the body with at least minimal physical activity. And if any disorders appear, consult a doctor immediately.

Glucose level determination

In some cases, doctors prescribe a blood test for sugar, but not a capillary one (from a finger), but a venous one. In this case, biological material for research is obtained by venipuncture. The preparation rules are no different.

But the glucose level in venous blood is slightly different from capillary blood and should not exceed 6.1 mmol/l. As a rule, such an analysis is prescribed for the purpose of early detection diabetes mellitus

Venous and arterial blood have fundamental differences. Now you are unlikely to confuse them, but it will not be difficult to identify some disorders using the above material.

Venous circulation occurs as a result of the rotation of blood to the heart, and in general, through the veins. It is deprived of oxygen, as it is completely dependent on carbon dioxide, which is necessary for tissue gas exchange.

As for human venous blood, as opposed to arterial blood, then it is several times warmer and has a lower pH. In its composition, doctors note a low content of most nutrients, including glucose. It is characterized by the presence of metabolic end products.

In order to obtain venous blood, you must undergo a procedure called venipuncture! Basically everything medical research V laboratory conditions They take venous blood as a basis. Unlike the arterial one, it has a characteristic color with a red-bluish, deep tint.

About 300 years ago, an explorer Van Horn made a sensational discovery: It turns out that the entire human body is penetrated by capillaries! The doctor begins to conduct various experiments with medications, as a result of which he observes the behavior of capillaries filled with red liquid. Modern doctors know that capillaries play human body key value. With their help, blood flow is gradually ensured. Thanks to them, all organs and tissues are supplied with oxygen.

Human arterial and venous blood, difference

From time to time, everyone wonders: is venous blood different from arterial blood? The entire human body is divided into numerous veins, arteries, large and small vessels. Arteries facilitate the so-called outflow of blood from the heart. Purified blood moves throughout the human body and thus provides timely nutrition.

In this system, the heart is a kind of pump that gradually pumps blood throughout the body. Arteries can be located both deep and close under the skin. You can feel the pulse not only on the wrist, but also on the neck! Arterial blood has a characteristic bright red hue, which when bleeding takes on a somewhat poisonous color.

Human venous blood, unlike arterial blood, is located very close to the surface of the skin. Along its entire surface, venous blood is accompanied by special valves that facilitate the calm and smooth passage of blood. Dark blue blood nourishes tissues and gradually moves into the veins.

In the human body there are several times more veins than arteries. If any damage occurs, venous blood flows slowly and stops very quickly. Venous blood is very different from arterial blood, and all because of the structure of individual veins and arteries.

The walls of veins are unusually thin, unlike arteries. They can withstand high pressure, since powerful shocks can be observed during the ejection of blood from the heart.

In addition, elasticity plays a key role, thanks to which blood moves through the vessels quickly. Veins and arteries provide normal blood circulation, which does not stop for a minute in the human body. Even if you are not a doctor, it is very important to know a minimum of information about venous and arterial blood that will help you in case open bleeding quickly provide first aid. The World Wide Web will help replenish the stock of knowledge regarding venous and arterial circulation. You just need to enter the word of interest into the search bar and in a few minutes you will receive answers to all your questions.

This video shows the process of converting arterial blood into venous:

Blood constantly circulates throughout the body, providing transport various substances. It consists of plasma and suspension various cells(the main ones are red blood cells, leukocytes and platelets) and moves along a strict route - the system of blood vessels.

Venous blood - what is it?

Venous – blood that returns to the heart and lungs from organs and tissues. It circulates through the pulmonary circulation. The veins through which it flows lie close to the surface of the skin, so the venous pattern is clearly visible.

This is partly due to a number of factors:

It is thicker, rich in platelets, and if damaged, venous bleeding is easier to stop.
The pressure in the veins is lower, so if a vessel is damaged, the amount of blood loss is lower.
Its temperature is higher, so it additionally prevents rapid loss heat through the skin.

The same blood flows in both arteries and veins. But its composition is changing. From the heart it enters the lungs, where it is enriched with oxygen, which carries it to internal organs providing them with food. The veins that carry arterial blood are called arteries. They are more elastic, blood moves through them in spurts.

Arterial and venous blood do not mix in the heart. The first passes along the left side of the heart, the second - along the right. They are mixed only in case of serious heart pathologies, which entails a significant deterioration in well-being.

What is the systemic and pulmonary circulation?

Contents are expelled from the left ventricle and enter the pulmonary artery, where it is saturated with oxygen. It is then distributed throughout the body through arteries and capillaries, carrying oxygen and nutrients.

The aorta is the largest artery, which is then divided into superior and inferior. Each of them supplies blood to the upper and lower parts of the body, respectively. Since the arterial system “flows around” absolutely all organs and is supplied to them with the help of a branched system of capillaries, this circle of blood circulation is called large. But the arterial volume is about 1/3 of the total.

Blood flows through the pulmonary circulation, which has given up all the oxygen and “taken away” metabolic products from the organs. It flows through the veins. The pressure in them is lower, the blood flows evenly. It returns through the veins to the heart, from where it is then pumped to the lungs.

How are veins different from arteries?

Arteries are more elastic. This is due to the fact that they need to maintain a certain speed of blood flow in order to deliver oxygen to the organs as quickly as possible. The walls of the veins are thinner and more elastic. This is due to the lower speed of blood flow, as well as the large volume (venous is about 2/3 of the total volume).

What kind of blood is in the pulmonary vein?

The pulmonary arteries ensure the flow of oxygenated blood into the aorta and its further circulation through big circle blood circulation The pulmonary vein returns some of the oxygenated blood to the heart to nourish the heart muscle. It is called a vein because it supplies blood to the heart.

What is venous blood rich in?

When the blood reaches the organs, it gives them oxygen, in return it is saturated with metabolic products and carbon dioxide, and acquires a dark red hue.

A large amount of carbon dioxide is the answer to the question why venous blood is darker than arterial blood and why veins are blue. It also contains nutrients that are absorbed into digestive tract, hormones and other substances synthesized by the body.

Its saturation and density depend on which vessels the venous blood flows through. The closer to the heart, the thicker it is.

Why are tests taken from a vein?

This is due to the type of blood in the veins - rich in products metabolism and vital functions of organs. If a person is sick, it contains certain groups of substances, remains of bacteria and other pathogenic cells. In a healthy person, these impurities are not detected. By the nature of the impurities, as well as by the level of concentration of carbon dioxide and other gases, the nature of the pathogenic process can be determined.

The second reason is that venous bleeding When a vessel is punctured, it is much easier to stop. But there are times when bleeding from a vein for a long time doesn't stop. This is a sign of hemophilia, low content platelets. In this case, even a minor injury can be very dangerous for a person.

How to distinguish venous bleeding from arterial bleeding:

Assess the volume and nature of leaking blood. The venous flows out in a uniform stream, the arterial flows out in portions and even in “fountains”.
Determine what color the blood is. Bright scarlet points to arterial bleeding, dark burgundy - for venous.
Arterial is more liquid, venous is thicker.

Why does venous clot faster?

It is thicker and contains a large number of platelets. The low speed of blood flow allows the formation of a fibrin mesh at the site of vessel damage, to which platelets “cling.”

How to stop venous bleeding?

With minor damage to the veins of the extremities, it is often enough to create an artificial outflow of blood by raising an arm or leg above the level of the heart. A tight bandage should be applied to the wound itself to minimize blood loss.

If the injury is deep, a tourniquet should be placed above the damaged vein to limit the amount of blood flowing to the injury site. In summer you can keep it for about 2 hours, in winter - for an hour, maximum one and a half. During this time, you need to have time to deliver the victim to the hospital. If you hold the tourniquet longer than the specified time, tissue nutrition will be disrupted, which threatens necrosis.

It is advisable to apply ice to the area around the wound. This will help slow down your blood circulation.

Video

Blood in the human body circulates in a closed system. The main function of biological fluid is to provide cells with oxygen and nutrients and remove carbon dioxide and metabolic products.

A little about the circulatory system

The human circulatory system has complex device, biological fluid circulates in the pulmonary and systemic circulation.

The heart, which acts as a pump, consists of four sections - two ventricles and two atria (left and right). Vessels, blood bearers from the heart are called arteries, to the heart are called veins. The arterial one is enriched with oxygen, the venous one – with carbon dioxide.

Thanks to the interventricular septum, venous blood, which is located on the right side of the heart, does not mix with arterial blood, which is on the right side. Valves located between the ventricles and atria and between the ventricles and arteries prevent it from flowing in the opposite direction, that is, from the largest artery (aorta) to the ventricle, and from the ventricle to the atrium.

When the left ventricle, whose walls are thickest, contracts, it creates maximum pressure, oxygen-rich blood is pushed into the systemic circulation and distributed through the arteries throughout the body. In the capillary system, gases are exchanged: oxygen enters the tissue cells, carbon dioxide from the cells enters the bloodstream. Thus, the arterial becomes venous and flows through the veins into the right atrium, then into the right ventricle. This is a large circle of blood circulation.

Next, the venous blood flows through the pulmonary arteries into the pulmonary capillaries, where it releases carbon dioxide into the air and is enriched with oxygen, again becoming arterial. Now it flows through the pulmonary veins into the left atrium, then into the left ventricle. This closes the pulmonary circulation.

Venous blood is located in the right side of the heart

Characteristics

Venous blood differs in a number of parameters, ranging from appearance and ending with the functions performed.

Many people know what color it is. Due to its saturation with carbon dioxide, its color is dark, with a bluish tint.
It is poor in oxygen and nutrients, but it contains a lot of metabolic products.
Its viscosity is higher than that of oxygen-rich blood. This is explained by an increase in the size of red blood cells due to the entry of carbon dioxide into them.
It has a higher temperature and more low level pH.
Blood flows through the veins slowly. This is due to the presence of valves in them, which slow down its speed.
There are more veins in the human body than arteries, and venous blood overall accounts for approximately two-thirds of the total volume.
Due to the location of the veins, it flows close to the surface.

Compound

Laboratory tests make it easy to distinguish venous blood from arterial blood by composition.

In the venous oxygen tension is normally 38-42 mm (in the arterial - from 80 to 100).
Carbon dioxide - about 60 mm Hg. Art. (in arterial – about 35).
The pH level remains 7.35 (arterial - 7.4).

Functions

The veins carry the outflow of blood, which carries metabolic products and carbon dioxide. It receives nutrients that are absorbed by the walls of the digestive tract and produced by the glands internal secretion hormones.

Movement through the veins

During its movement, venous blood overcomes gravity and experiences hydrostatic pressure, therefore, if a vein is damaged, it calmly flows in a stream, and if an artery is damaged, it flows in full swing.

Its speed is much lower than that of the arterial one. The heart pumps out arterial blood at a pressure of 120 mmHg, and after it passes through the capillaries and becomes venous, the pressure gradually drops and reaches 10 mmHg. pillar

Why is material taken from a vein for analysis?

Venous blood contains breakdown products formed during the metabolic process. When diseases occur, substances enter it that should not be present in a normal state. Their presence allows one to suspect the development of pathological processes.

How to determine the type of bleeding

Visually, this is quite easy to do: the blood from the vein is dark, thicker and flows out in a stream, while the arterial blood is more liquid, has a bright scarlet hue and flows out like a fountain.

Venous bleeding is easier to stop; in some cases, if a blood clot forms, it may stop on its own. Usually required pressure bandage, applied below the wound. If a vein in the arm is damaged, it may be enough to raise the arm up.

As for arterial bleeding, it is very dangerous because it will not stop on its own, the blood loss is significant, and death can occur within an hour.

Conclusion

The circulatory system is closed, so the blood, as it moves, becomes either arterial or venous. Enriched with oxygen, when passing through the capillary system, it gives it to tissues, takes up decay products and carbon dioxide and thus becomes venous. After this, it rushes to the lungs, where it loses carbon dioxide and metabolic products and is enriched with oxygen and nutrients, again becoming arterial.

In medicine, blood is usually divided into arterial and venous. It would be logical to think that the first flows in the arteries, and the second in the veins, but this is not entirely true. The fact is that in the systemic circulation, arterial blood (a.k.) actually flows through the arteries, and venous blood (v.k.) through the veins, but in the small circle the opposite happens: c. It enters from the heart into the lungs through the pulmonary arteries, releases carbon dioxide to the outside, is enriched with oxygen, becomes arterial, and returns from the lungs through the pulmonary veins.

How does venous blood differ from arterial blood? A.K. is saturated with O 2 and nutrients; it flows from the heart to organs and tissues. V. k. - “spent”, it gives O 2 and nutrition to the cells, takes CO 2 and metabolic products from them and returns from the periphery back to the heart.

Human venous blood differs from arterial blood in color, composition and functions.

By color

A.K. has a bright red or scarlet tint. This color is given to it by hemoglobin, which added O 2 and became oxyhemoglobin. V.K. contains CO 2, so its color is dark red, with a bluish tint.

By composition

In addition to gases, oxygen and carbon dioxide, the blood also contains other elements. In a. k. a lot of nutrients, and c. to. - mainly metabolic products, which are then processed by the liver and kidneys and excreted from the body. The pH level also differs: in a. k. it is higher (7.4) than that of v. k. (7.35).

By movement

Blood circulation in arterial and venous systems significantly different. A. k. moves from the heart to the periphery, and v. k. - in the opposite direction. When the heart contracts, blood is ejected from it under a pressure of approximately 120 mmHg. pillar As it passes through the capillary system, its pressure decreases significantly and is approximately 10 mmHg. pillar Thus, a. k. moves under pressure from high speed, and c. It flows slowly under low pressure, overcoming the force of gravity, and its reverse flow is prevented by valves.

How the transformation of venous blood into arterial blood and vice versa occurs can be understood if we consider the movement in the pulmonary and systemic circulation.

Blood saturated with CO 2 enters the lungs through the pulmonary artery, from where CO 2 is excreted. Then saturation with O 2 occurs, and the blood already enriched with it enters the heart through the pulmonary veins. This is how movement occurs in the pulmonary circulation. After this, the blood makes a large circle: a. It carries oxygen and nutrition through the arteries to the cells of the body. Giving up O 2 and nutrients, it is saturated with carbon dioxide and metabolic products, becomes venous and returns through the veins to the heart. This completes the large circle of blood circulation.

By functions performed

Main function a. k. – transfer of nutrition and oxygen to cells through the arteries of the systemic circulation and the veins of the small circulation. Passing through all organs, it gives off O 2, gradually takes up carbon dioxide and turns into venous.

The veins carry out the outflow of blood, which has taken away cell waste products and CO 2 . In addition, it contains nutrients that are absorbed digestive organs, and hormones produced by the endocrine glands.

By bleeding

Due to the characteristics of movement, bleeding will also differ. With arterial bleeding, the blood flows in full swing; such bleeding is dangerous and requires prompt first aid and medical attention. With venous flow, it calmly flows out in a stream and can stop on its own.

Other differences

A.K. is located on the left side of the heart, in. k. – in the right, blood mixing does not occur.
Venous blood, unlike arterial blood, is warmer.
V. k. flows closer to the surface of the skin.
A.K. in some places comes close to the surface and here the pulse can be measured.
The veins through which the v. flows. to., much more than arteries, and their walls are thinner.
Movement a.k. is ensured by a sharp release during contraction of the heart, outflow into the. the valve system helps.
The use of veins and arteries in medicine is also different - they inject medications, it is from this that they take biological fluid for analysis.

Instead of a conclusion

Main differences a. k. and v. consist in the fact that the first is bright red, the second is burgundy, the first is saturated with oxygen, the second is saturated with carbon dioxide, the first moves from the heart to the organs, the second - from the organs to the heart.

Women red, vital fluid that circulates in the animal body, in the veins, by the power of the heart. The blood consists of light, yellowish fluid and thick liver; scarlet, veiny, arterial blood circulates in the fighting veins; black, subcutaneous, venous... Dictionary Dahl

Noun, g., used. very often Morphology: (no) what? blood, what? blood, (see) what? blood, what? blood, about what? about blood and on blood 1. Blood is a red liquid that moves through the blood vessels in your body and nourishes your body... ... Dmitriev's Explanatory Dictionary

And, prev. about blood, in blood, kind. pl. blood, w. 1. Liquid tissue that moves through the blood vessels of the body and provides nutrition to its cells and metabolism in it. Deoxygenated blood. Arterial blood. □ [Semyon] stabbed himself in the left... ... Small academic dictionary

blood- and, sentence; about blood/vi, in blood/; pl. genus. blood; and. see also blood, bloody, bloody 1) Liquid that moves through the blood vessels of the body and provides nutrition to its cells and metabolism in it. Deoxygenated blood … Dictionary of many expressions

BLOOD- BLOOD, a liquid that fills the arteries, veins and capillaries of the body and consists of a transparent pale yellowish color. the color of plasma and the formed elements suspended in it: red blood cells, or erythrocytes, white, or leukocytes, and blood plaques, or ... Great Medical Encyclopedia

ICD 10 I95.95. ICD 9 458458 DiseasesDB ... Wikipedia

And, offer. about blood, in blood; pl. genus. blood; and. 1. Liquid that moves through the blood vessels of the body and provides nutrition to its cells and metabolism in it. Venous k. Arterial k. K. came out of the nose. To crash into a cell, until there is blood. TO.… … encyclopedic Dictionary

blood- scarlet (Bashkin, Gippius, Meln. Pechersky, Sologub, Surikov, etc.); crimson (Turgenev); hot (Meln. Pechersky); hot (Sologub); hammered (Druzhinin); cherished (Gippius); sultry (Dravert); seething (Minaev) Epithets of literary Russian speech... Dictionary of epithets

I (sanguis) liquid tissue that carries out transport in the body chemical substances(including oxygen), due to which integration occurs biochemical processes, occurring in various cells and intercellular spaces, in unified system … Medical encyclopedia

- (sanguis, αϊμα) K. has long been known to people as a more or less bright scarlet liquid that fills the body of warm- and cold-blooded animals. It was only in the 17th century that those shaped elements of carbon were finally discovered, the presence of which... ... Encyclopedic Dictionary F.A. Brockhaus and I.A. Efron

Blood constantly circulates throughout the body, providing transport of various substances. It consists of plasma and a suspension of various cells (the main ones are erythrocytes, leukocytes and platelets) and moves along a strict route - the system of blood vessels.

Venous blood - what is it?

This is partly due to a number of factors:

It is thicker, rich in platelets, and if damaged, venous bleeding is easier to stop.
The pressure in the veins is lower, so if a vessel is damaged, the amount of blood loss is lower.
Its temperature is higher, so it additionally prevents rapid heat loss through the skin.

The same blood flows in both arteries and veins. But its composition is changing. From the heart it enters the lungs, where it is enriched with oxygen, which it transfers to the internal organs, providing them with nutrition. The veins that carry arterial blood are called arteries. They are more elastic, blood moves through them in spurts.

Arterial and venous blood do not mix in the heart. The first passes along the left side of the heart, the second - along the right. They mix only when serious pathologies heart, which entails a significant deterioration in well-being.

What is the systemic and pulmonary circulation?

From the left ventricle, the contents are pushed out and enter the pulmonary artery, where they are saturated with oxygen. It is then distributed throughout the body through arteries and capillaries, carrying oxygen and nutrients.

The aorta is the largest artery, which is then divided into superior and inferior. Each of them supplies blood to the upper and lower parts of the body, respectively. Since the arterial system “flows around” absolutely all organs and is supplied to them with the help of a branched system of capillaries, this circle of blood circulation is called large. But the arterial volume is about 1/3 of the total.

How are veins different from arteries?

What kind of blood is in the pulmonary vein?

The pulmonary arteries ensure the flow of oxygenated blood into the aorta and its further circulation throughout the systemic circulation. The pulmonary vein returns some of the oxygenated blood to the heart to nourish the heart muscle. It is called a vein because it supplies blood to the heart.

What is venous blood rich in?

When the blood reaches the organs, it gives them oxygen, in return it is saturated with metabolic products and carbon dioxide, and acquires a dark red hue.

A large amount of carbon dioxide is the answer to the question why venous blood is darker than arterial blood and why veins are blue. It also contains nutrients that are absorbed in the digestive tract, hormones and other substances synthesized by the body.

Its saturation and density depend on which vessels the venous blood flows through. The closer to the heart, the thicker it is.

Why are tests taken from a vein?

This is due to the type of blood in the veins - saturated with metabolic products and vital functions of organs. If a person is sick, it contains certain groups of substances, remains of bacteria and other pathogenic cells. U healthy person these impurities are not detected. By the nature of the impurities, as well as by the level of concentration of carbon dioxide and other gases, the nature of the pathogenic process can be determined.

The second reason is that venous bleeding when a vessel is punctured is much easier to stop. But there are times when bleeding from a vein does not stop for a long time. This is a sign of hemophilia, a low platelet count. In this case, even a minor injury can be very dangerous for a person.

How to distinguish venous bleeding from arterial bleeding:

Assess the volume and nature of leaking blood. The venous flows out in a uniform stream, the arterial flows out in portions and even in “fountains”.
Determine what color the blood is. Bright scarlet indicates arterial bleeding, dark burgundy indicates venous bleeding.
Arterial is more liquid, venous is thicker.

Why does venous clot faster?

It is thicker and contains a large number of platelets. The low speed of blood flow allows the formation of a fibrin mesh at the site of vessel damage, to which platelets “cling.”

How to stop venous bleeding?

It is advisable to apply ice to the area around the wound. This will help slow down your blood circulation.