Gel to maintain microflora. The microflora of the vagina is disturbed: the causes of an unpleasant phenomenon

Women's health is rather fragile and can suffer from the aggressive effects of many factors. Various viral, bacterial and fungal diseases can attack the organs of the reproductive system if certain circumstances contribute to this. Yes, and taking various medications adversely affects the state of the organs of the genitourinary system. So antibacterial drugs, especially with prolonged use, can lead to disruption of the normal balance of the microflora of female organs. The topic of our conversation today will be the regeneration of the vaginal microflora after antibiotics, we will discuss drugs that will help to cope with this problem.

Violations of the microflora of the vagina may initially not disturb the patient's well-being at all. But in the absence of adequate correction, unpleasant symptoms may occur over time: burning, itching, visible swelling and redness of the external genitalia, excessive dryness of the vagina, etc. If such symptoms appear, you need to visit your gynecologist and undergo a full examination. The specialist will help you choose those medicines that will ensure the restoration of microflora and will be most effective in your case.

As you know, with full health, the epithelial tissues of the vaginal cavity are inhabited by acidophilic lactoflora, the so-called bacteria capable of producing lactic acid. It is acidophilic lactoflora that is 95% of all bacterial particles that are normally found on the surfaces of the mucous membranes of the vagina. And the lactic acid produced by it performs protective functions, preventing the activity of pathogenic or opportunistic organisms.

Antibiotics destroy not only pathogenic particles, but also representatives of normal microflora. After a course of such therapy, the number of lactobacilli on the surface of epithelial tissues is noticeably reduced. Accordingly, there is a decrease in the production of lactic acid, a change in the acidity of the vagina. Why is the restoration of the vagina required, or rather indicators of its acidity. This contributes to the activity of aggressive and conditionally pathogenic microorganisms.

Preparations for restoring the vagina after antibiotics

There are quite a few drugs that help normalize the microflora in the vagina. But it is better that they are prescribed by a doctor after an appropriate examination.

The basis of therapy is usually special vaginal probiotics, which contain lactobacilli. And in order to achieve the most positive effect, you need to use dual-action products that will stimulate the restoration and growth of the epithelium, and populate the mucous membranes with the right amount of healthy microorganisms.

The drugs of choice are usually vaginal tablets "Laktogin" (Vagilak), "Gynoflor" or "Ecofemin".

Preparations to restore the microflora of the vagina should be used from about the fourth to fifth day of antibiotic therapy. Usually they are used just before bedtime, once a day. And the optimal duration of vaginal probiotic therapy is six to twelve days, depending on the recommendations of the specialist.

It is worth noting that recovery from antibiotics with the listed drugs can sometimes cause itching, burning, redness and swelling. Usually, such symptoms do not require interruption of the course of therapy, but if they appear, it is still worth consulting a doctor.

After the end of the course of microflora regeneration after antibiotics with vaginal tablets, it is worth waiting one week. In the absence of any negative symptoms, the doctor may also prescribe additional use of VaginormaS. Such vaginal tablets effectively restore the full balance of vaginal acidity, thereby stimulating the activity and development of healthy microflora. Vaginorm C is usually used for one week.

More preparations for the microflora of the vagina:

Among the drugs that can be used to normalize the microflora of the vagina after taking antibiotics, it is worth highlighting the Bifidumbacterin candles. Such a tool should be used once or twice a day for five to ten days. The medicine has absolutely no contraindications, with the exception of individual intolerance.

Sometimes Kipferon is used to treat violations of the vaginal microflora. Such a medicine incorporates an immunoglobulin complex preparation, as well as human interferon alpha-2b. Kipferon helps to successfully cope with many conditions that require the use of antibiotics. But only a doctor can prescribe it.

The medicine is usually used twice a day, introducing one or two suppositories deep into the vagina. The optimal duration of therapy is one and a half weeks.

Even as preparations for the vagina for the treatment of microflora disorders, Normloflorin-B or Normoflorin-L drugs can be used. The tool is intended for internal use - it should be taken twenty to thirty milliliters (two to three tablespoons) once or twice a day. It is best to take it half an hour before a meal. Before each use, dilute the powder with food liquid (1: 3) and drink immediately. The optimal duration of such treatment is two to four weeks.

Therapy of the disturbed microflora of the vagina should be carried out under the supervision of a qualified gynecologist.

Dysbiosis, a violation of the vaginal microflora, affects every second woman. Often the disease is asymptomatic and eventually gives serious complications. By what signs can the disease be determined and how to restore the microflora of the vagina with medications.

In a healthy woman, the vaginal flora is 99% represented by lactobacilli and bifidobacteria, and only 1% by opportunistic microorganisms.

This percentage is considered normal, does not harm and does not provoke the development of any disease.

But the vulnerable and sensitive vaginal microflora is threatened by a large number of adverse external and internal factors. Under their influence, colonies of conditionally pathogenic microorganisms (fungi, gardnerella, streptococci, staphylococci, proteus, Escherichia coli, chlamydia) "displace" lactobacilli with bifidobacteria. A failure occurs, and dysbiosis develops with inflammation of the vagina - vaginitis. In a certain period of life, every woman faces this disease sooner or later.

When does this happen and how does it manifest itself? It all depends on how strong the pathogen is and how strong the woman's immune defense is during this period. The development of dysbiosis can provoke:

Hormonal changes during pregnancy. In a healthy woman, discharge may appear or increase. They are accompanied by itching and burning, pain during sexual intercourse. Antibacterial and immunocorrective drugs to restore the vaginal microflora during this period are not prescribed. Only local treatment is indicated and, if necessary, it is allowed to be carried out repeatedly.

General and sexual infectious diseases. Always accompanied by dysbiosis. Pathogenic microorganisms of sexual infection, together with opportunistic microflora, cause severe inflammation, which can be removed by special antibacterial drugs.

Restoration of the vaginal microflora after antibiotic treatment is necessary, because, in addition to pathogenic microorganisms, lacto- and bifidobacteria of the vagina die. Antibiotic treatment of common infectious diseases leads to the same result.

Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract with an imbalance of microflora. Anatomically, the walls of the rectum and vagina are located side by side. Proximity enables pathogenic microorganisms (E. coli, Enterococcus) to easily pass this barrier.

Dysbiosis can also develop from an unbalanced diet with a large amount of carbohydrate foods. Also, one of the common causes of dysbiosis is a violation of the basic rules of intimate hygiene.

The disease does not manifest itself with specific symptoms for a long time, and those women whose body could not cope on its own turn to the doctor. First, a woman has a white or grayish liquid discharge. After they acquire an intense yellow color with a thick consistency. In the acute period, a woman may complain of discomfort, moderate pain with itching and burning. If treatment has not been carried out, the disease becomes chronic, and exacerbation alternates with remission. The death of lactobacilli, and the excessive growth of opportunistic flora lead to serious consequences - ascending infection of the uterus with appendages, urethritis, cystitis.

the amount of discharge has become more than usual;

discharge acquired an intense yellow color;

the walls of the vagina have become “dry”, there is a feeling of constant discomfort during sexual intercourse;

worried about dryness, itching and burning of the external genital organs;

the discharge had an unpleasant, specific smell.

To make a diagnosis, a doctor after an examination will prescribe pH-metry, microscopy and smear bakposev, amine testing.

Elimination of pathogenic bacterial flora (antibacterial treatment).

Restoration of the vaginal flora.

Support for healthy microflora.

Of the antibacterial drugs, if the disease has developed against the background of infections, Sumamed, Trichopolum, Amoxiclav, Doxycycline, Metronidazole, Tibertal, Ornidazole are prescribed.

Tampons, baths, vaginal tablets, suppositories are included in the treatment to restore the vaginal microflora. The purpose of local procedures: to suppress pathogenic microflora, to normalize local immunity, to enable the normal amount of bifidus and lactobacilli to recover.

Dalacin (in the form of a cream and vaginal suppositories) is an antibacterial drug with the main active ingredient clindamycin phosphate.

Vaginal suppositories Flagyl with the main active ingredient metronidazole.

Vaginal suppositories Hexicon (based on chlorhexidine).

At the second stage, to restore the flora, the local immunity of the vaginal walls is corrected. Prescribe tablets Immunal, Cycloferon.

To increase the amount of useful microflora of the vagina, prescribe drugs with strains of live acidophilic lactobacilli: Normoflorin L, B, D (liquid concentrate), Acepol (capsules); candles Atsilakt, Laktonorm Kipferon, Bifidumbacterin.

One of the most popular and effective drugs for the treatment of vaginosis is Lactobacterin in tablets and powder for solution preparation.

Intravaginal treatment lasts 10 days, starting on the 10th day of the cycle. If menstrual flow begins, the drugs are not administered.

The normalization of the vaginal microflora will be faster if a diet with a sufficient amount of fresh, “live” fermented milk products is included in the treatment.

If flora in the form of Candida fungus predominates in vaginal dysbacteriosis, this is thrush, the most common type of disease.

Symptoms of candidiasis are bright: strong curdled discharge, burning with itching, pain when urinating, discomfort during sexual contact.

Thrush can develop for many reasons: hormonal disruptions, hypothermia, unbalanced nutrition, specific treatment (immunosuppressants, chemotherapy drugs). But most often it becomes a consequence of antibiotic treatment.

In gynecology, there are enough tools and techniques, but the restoration of microflora after thrush is a rather difficult task for two reasons. First: vaginal candidiasis often relapses. Second: women who self-medicate, ignorance and the wrong choice of the drug only exacerbate the situation.

Normalize the functioning of the immune system.

Eliminate local manifestations.

Use systemic therapy to prevent relapse.

The Candida fungus is one of the many representatives of the normal human microflora. Therefore, the task of treatment is not to kill, but to limit and control its reproduction.

The restorative course of treatment includes local preparations (suppositories), systemic drugs (tablets, capsules). After severe candidiasis, injectable preparations are indicated.

Antifungal therapy with drugs based on clotrimazole (Kanesten), iconazole (Gynotravogen), miconazole (Klion-D).

Antimicrobial therapy with drugs with natamycin, nystatin, levorin.

After treatment of thrush, suppositories, vaginal tablets, ointments and solutions topically are shown to restore microflora.

In order for drug treatment to give a good result and the microflora of the mucous membranes to recover, it is necessary to eliminate or reduce the influence of a number of factors: give up bad habits, use antibacterial and hormonal drugs reasonably and for medical purposes, eat rationally, strictly observe hygiene.

Only if all conditions are met, the treatment of dysbiosis will give a positive result and prevent relapse.

The composition of the microflora of the vagina, what functions does it perform? What is vaginal dysbacteriosis, why does it develop and what symptoms does it cause? Ways to restore local immunity.

The content of the article:

The microflora of the vagina is a symbiosis of microorganisms that are constantly located and multiply on the mucous membrane of this gynecological organ. As part of the vaginal biocenosis lactobacilli - 95-97%, as well as opportunistic microorganisms - anaerobic and gram-positive rods, enterobacteria, cocci - respectively 3-5%. Lactobacilli (Dederlein sticks), producing lactic acid, normalize local immunity and suppress the activity of opportunistic bacteria.

Features of violation of the microflora of the vagina

Thanks to the symbiosis of beneficial and conditionally pathogenic microorganisms, a stable acidity is maintained in the vagina, so pathogenic bacteria and fungi, invading from the outside, are neutralized in an acidic environment. In connection with physiological hormonal changes - the monthly menstrual cycle - slight deviations in acidity occur.

Girls are born with a sterile vagina. But from the first second after birth, the skin and mucous membranes of the genital organs are inhabited by bacteria that do not need oxygen, that is, cocci and anaerobes. Dederlein sticks are present in the vaginal secretion, but in small quantities. Until menstruation begins, the acidity level remains neutral. As we grow older, estrogen begins to be produced, the walls of the vagina thicken, and the pH drops to normal due to increased activity.

The acidity (pH) of the vagina in girls in the premenstrual period is 7.0. In the future, the indicator depends on the condition of the outer part of the mucous membrane of the reproductive organ.

Vaginal condition	Acidity, pH
Norm, lactobacilli	3,8-4,5
Cytolytic vaginosis	< 3,8
candida vaginitis	4,0-4,5
Trichomonas colpitis	5,0-6,0
Aerobic vaginitis	> 6,5
Atrophic vaginitis	6,0-6,5
Bacterial vaginosis, cocci and enterobacteria	4,5-5,3

Violation of the balance of microflora is called dysbacteriosis or vaginal dysbiosis. That is, the activity of lactobacilli is suppressed, due to which the opportunistic or pathogenic microflora begins to multiply uncontrollably. There are favorable conditions for the development of inflammatory processes of the reproductive organs.

In a healthy adult woman, various bacteria live in the vagina - more than 40 species. Most of them are Dederlein sticks, useful microflora. The microecological system is responsible for the condition of the reproductive organs.

By themselves, pathogenic microorganisms - the causative agents of sexually transmitted diseases, and fungi - are not the cause of dysbiosis. But they cause acute inflammatory processes, which provoke a decrease in local immunity.

The main causes of violations of the microflora of the vagina

Dysbacteriosis can be considered not as a disease, but as a condition.

The reasons for the imbalance of beneficial and conditionally pathogenic microorganisms are:

Hormonal changes - can be triggered by external factors or appear in violation of organic metabolism and diseases of the endocrine system. External factors include: growing up, pregnancy, abortion, menopause.
Congenital anomalies of the reproductive system.
Treatment with certain medications - antibiotics, corticosteroids, antidepressants.
Intestinal dysbacteriosis caused by malnutrition, malnutrition, infectious diseases.
Formation of neoplasms in the gynecological system - polyps, cysts, leiomyomas.
Random change of sexual partners, use of spermicides to prevent pregnancy, irregular sex life.
Sexually transmitted diseases.
Neglect of hygiene of the intimate area or frequent douching, use of detergents that are not suitable for the care of the genitals.

Factors causing the development of dysbiosis: chronic stress and frequent hypothermia, emotional and physical overwork, unbalanced nutrition, emotional overload.

Common signs of vaginal dysbacteriosis

Manifestations of bacterial dysbiosis are purely individual.

Possible symptoms:

Qualitative and quantitative changes in secretions. The volume of the vaginal secretion may increase or decrease, the color, smell and consistency change. The color becomes grayish, greenish, yellowish, the smell is ammonia, fishy, sweetish. Consistency - too liquid or curdled. A thick secret sticks to the walls of the vagina.
There may be itching, burning, pain. The mucosa becomes thinner, hyperemic. For some women, signs of discomfort appear only during the menstrual cycle.
During intercourse, unpleasant and sometimes painful sensations appear.
At a young age and during the transition to menopause, adhesion of the labia minora occurs.
Burning and soreness when urinating.

Signs of an inflammatory process with a change in the microflora of a woman's vagina do not always appear. In some cases, bacterial vaginosis is detected during a routine examination, or when the patient went to the doctor with complaints of frequent inflammatory processes, infertility, early termination of pregnancy.

How to restore the microflora of the vagina?

Vaginal dysbiosis is confirmed with a swab-scrape from the cervical canal and directly from the vagina. Complex treatment helps to restore the balance of microflora and normalize local immunity. Treatment is carried out in 2 stages. They create conditions for increasing the activity of lactobacilli and restore immunity, and then use drugs that destroy pathogenic microflora and stop the reproduction of opportunistic pathogens.

Hygiene measures to restore the balance of the vaginal microflora

To restore local immunity, you need to pay attention to sanitary and hygienic measures and personal care. If, against the background of dysbacteriosis, an STD infection has not occurred or the doctor does not insist on douching, this type of washing should be completely abandoned.

For hygienic washing, you need to use special products with a pH of up to 5.5. Even ordinary baby soap has a pH of 7. During ablutions, you need to make sure that your hands or the shower head move from front to back so as not to bring E. coli to the surface of the vulva mucosa.

Underwear and towels should be changed every day, and bedding every 3-4 days. It is advisable to choose products only from hygroscopic natural fabrics that can be washed at high temperatures - 90-100 ° C in order to destroy pathogens.

It is necessary to exclude overheating and hypothermia, temporarily abandon baths, visits to the bathhouse, swimming pool, solarium, swimming in open water.

Normalization of the microflora of the vagina with nutrition

It is necessary to normalize the diet, abandon strict diets, the use of foods that contain easily digestible carbohydrates (sweets), high-calorie foods and fatty foods, canned food and alcohol.

Often, vaginal dysbacteriosis develops against the background of intestinal dysbiosis. Therefore, you need to increase the amount of dairy products, fresh fruits and vegetables in the diet, with the exception of bananas and grapes. Do not overheat or overcool food, the temperature of the dishes should be at the level of 25-50 ° C. It is necessary to increase the drinking regime with pure or mineral water, compotes, fruit drinks and green teas - from currant leaves or fennel fruits.

It is advisable to refuse whole milk. In adults, there are practically no bacteria that are responsible for its absorption. The development of intestinal dysbacteriosis can aggravate the condition of the vaginal microflora.

Medications to restore the microflora of the vagina

For the treatment of dysbiosis, medicines of different groups are used.

Antimicrobial and antibacterial agents

When prescribing drugs of this type, preference is given to vaginal suppositories: Clindamycin and analogues - Metronidazole, Tinidazole, Ornidazole, Neo-Penotran. But antibiotics of various types can also be prescribed, taking into account additional symptoms and concomitant diseases. The course of treatment with suppositories is 5-7 days.

Antifungals

When a fungal flora is detected, agents that inhibit conditionally pathogenic organisms are prescribed. These include antifungal suppositories: Pimafucin, analogues Clotrimazole, Nystatin.

In the treatment of vaginal candidiasis, high efficiency has been proven from the use of complex agents - Terzhinan vaginal suppositories or an analogue of Polygynax in capsules. In addition to the antifungal component, the dosage form includes a hormonal anti-inflammatory agent that accelerates the regeneration of the mucosa.

Preparations for restoring the balance of microflora

This group includes vaginal suppositories or tampons soaked in solutions made from dried bacterial cultures. Medicines are used: Atsilact, analogs of Bifolact, Ginolact, Vaginorm or Bifidumbacterin. The multicomponent Gynoflor is widely used. It contains acidophilic lactobacilli and estriol (synthesized hormone estrogen).

If bacterial vaginosis cannot be eliminated for a long time, Solkotrikhovak is used - a vaccine to stimulate immunity. This tool prevents relapses and can be used as a preventive measure. The drug is administered only as prescribed by the doctor, accurately calculating the injection time. Introduction three times, once every 2 weeks. A year after the first injection, revaccination may be required. Knowing how to restore the microflora of the vagina after multiple relapses, it is possible to avoid inflammatory processes in case of possible hypothermia or the need to be in adverse conditions for some time.

The therapeutic course is often supplemented with the use of antihistamines. They try to use the latest generation of drugs, which are taken 1 time per day.

Improving the microflora of the vagina with folk remedies

Traditional healers advise to carry out hygiene measures with the help of tar soap with antiseptic and antibacterial action. It is enough to wash the genitals 2 times a week.

make tampons, wrapping cotton wool in gauze. Leave long enough ends so that the medical accessory can be easily removed. Tampons are impregnated with honey, sea buckthorn oil, water decoctions of calendula, chamomile, whey. When preparing the infusion 2 tbsp. l. brew a glass of boiling water, be sure to boil, at least 1 minute, and filter.

Help restore the balance of microflora sitz baths. Use chamomile, calendula, oak bark, St. John's wort and sage. First, decoctions are made according to the above recipe, and then diluted in 2 liters of boiled water. The procedure lasts 15-20 minutes.

If the gynecologist does not mind douching, use decoctions of the aforementioned medicinal herbs or whey. A decoction that can be soaked in tampons, and also used for douching and sitz baths: mix equal amounts of chamomile, dried juniper berries, oak bark and walnut leaves. Brew 1 tbsp. l. 0.5 l of boiling water.

To increase general immunity, potions are made according to the following recipes:

Rowan. Dried rowan berries are brewed like tea, boiled for 15 minutes, cooled to room temperature. Pour into a glass of drink 2 tbsp. l. onion juice and liquid honey. A glass is drunk per day, in equal portions, regardless of the meal.
Currant. Blackcurrant leaves are brewed - 3 tbsp. l. for 250 ml. When the drink has cooled, add crushed garlic cloves - 5-6 pieces, juice of half a lemon. Stir, let it brew for 1 hour. Filter. Take similarly to rowan medicine.

They have an effective effect suppositories. Melt cocoa bean butter - 30 ml, add lavender essential oil - 20 drops, stir until smooth. Then cylinders are formed, wrapped in foil and placed in the refrigerator chamber. For the formation of candles, it is better to use disposable syringes. Cut off the lower part of the syringe, gain a thick mass, squeeze out a column 1.5-2 cm high. The frequency of use is 2 times a day, in the morning and in the evening, the duration of the treatment course is 5-7 days.

Prevention of vaginal dysbacteriosis

Stabilization of local immunity contributes to the prevention of inflammatory diseases of the intimate sphere.

When taking care of yourself, use products with lactic acid.
Wear underwear made from natural fabrics.
When having sexual intercourse with unfamiliar partners, use barrier contraceptives (condoms).
Change daily pads every 3-4 hours, and hygienic - every 1.5-2 hours.
Flavored products should be avoided when caring for the genitals.
Make sure your diet contains a sufficient amount of raw vegetables, fruits, dairy products and high-fiber foods.

How to restore the microflora of the vagina - look at the video:

At the first signs indicating a disease of the genital area, it is necessary to choose the time for a visit to the gynecologist. When treating with antibiotics, introduce probiotics, prebiotics and vaginal suppositories into the therapeutic regimen to restore the vaginal microflora.

The normal microflora of the vagina consists of 90% lactobacilli, 9% bifidobacteria, the remaining percentage is opportunistic pathogens. For various reasons, sooner or later, every woman is faced with dysbacteriosis or dysbiosis - a violation of the microflora of the vagina. This pathology is characterized by sluggish symptoms or does not manifest itself at all. But it has serious health consequences and can cause ascending infection and infertility. Treatment of this condition is essential.

Treatment of dysbacteriosis

If signs of dysbiosis appear (leucorrhea of various colors and textures, an unpleasant odor, vaginal dryness, pain, itching and burning in the area of the vestibule of the vagina and during urination), you should consult a gynecologist.

First you need to find out the causes of the disease. The survey includes:

1. Determination of anamnesis.
2. Examination on a gynecological chair.
3. Taking smears for bakposev, the study of microflora for sexually transmitted infections.
4. Blood sampling for hormones.

After establishing the factors contributing to the development of the disease, the following activities are carried out:

elimination of pathogens and related complications;
colonization of the vagina with beneficial microorganisms;
consolidation of the result with the help of immunostimulating drugs.

Dysbiosis is often observed after treatment of thrush or antibiotics.

If dysbacteriosis is caused by pathogenic organisms (viruses, bacteria) or increased reproduction of conditionally pathogenic microflora, for example, a fungus of the genus Candida, then antibacterial therapy is first prescribed.

With factors not related to pathogenic influence, medications are immediately prescribed to restore the healthy flora of the vagina.

Preparations that contribute to the normalization of microflora

There are a huge number of drugs to maintain optimal vaginal biocenosis. Their principle of action is to colonize the mucous membrane with beneficial microorganisms. Most often, these are probiotics, including lactobacilli. It is better if the composition of the drug is complex and contains, in addition to lactobacilli, also bifidobacteria. These organisms maintain the acidic environment of the vagina and thereby prevent the causative agents of vaginitis from multiplying.

Medicines must have a healing effect, otherwise the beneficial microflora will not be able to gain a foothold on the affected epithelium and will soon be removed from the body.

There are several dosage forms of medicines for restoring the microflora of the vagina;

suppositories;
pills;
capsules;
gels.

Medicines in the form of candles

Suppositories are the most popular form of prescribed drugs. This is due to:

high efficiency;
rapid onset of therapeutic action;
ease of use.

1. Bifidumbacterin. Contains Bifidobacterium bifidum in the amount of 10 million CFU. It is characterized by high efficiency in the field of restoration of the vaginal flora. Simultaneous reception with antimicrobial, antiviral drugs and immunostimulants is possible. Contraindications include: age up to 3 years and sensitivity to the drug. One suppository contains 1 dose of bifidobacteria. Apply 1-2 candles for 5-10 days. The cost is about 80 rubles.
2. Lactobacterin. Contains Lactobacillus acidophilus 10 million CFU. They are highly active against staphylococci, Proteus and Escherichia coli. In the process of vital activity, lactobacilli produce lactic acid, which prevents the reproduction of pathogenic and opportunistic microbes. In addition, they maintain an acid-base balance in the range of 3.8–4.2. The drug is used to treat dysbacteriosis, as well as to prevent infection before childbirth and operations in gynecology. Used 2 times a day, 1 suppository for 5-10 days. Contraindications are childhood, hypersensitivity and untreated candidiasis. Allowed with chemotherapy and antibacterial treatment. The price is 160–210 rubles.
3. Kipferon. Contains plasma protein and interferon alpha. It is an immunobiological drug. It has an immunostimulating, antiviral and antimicrobial effect. Not applicable in case of hypersensitivity to the constituent components. It is injected deep into the vagina 1-2 times a day for a course of 10 days. If there is no result, the doctor may prescribe a second treatment. The cost is about 620 rubles.
4. Acylact. Contains more than 10 million CFU of acidophilic lactobacilli. It has a detrimental effect on pathogenic and opportunistic microbes. It is used for non-specific colpitis and bacterial vaginosis, before gynecological manipulations and childbirth, for the prevention of dysbiosis after antibiotic therapy. Do not use for vulvovaginal candidiasis. Method of application: 1 suppository 1-2 times a day for 5-10 days. A second course is possible in 10-20 days. The price is about 140 rubles.

Vaginal tablets and capsules

Unlike suppositories, these dosage forms are prescribed less frequently, but at the same time they are no less effective. Commonly prescribed drugs:

Vaginorm-S . The active substance is ascorbic acid. The medicine has an antiseptic effect. The drug lowers the pH of the vagina, thereby inhibits the growth of bacteria and contributes to the normalization of beneficial flora. It is used for bacterial vaginosis, nonspecific vaginitis and for the prevention of violations of the internal microflora. It has no effect on fungi of the genus Candida. Used 1 tablet vaginally at bedtime for a course of 6 days. The cost is about 660 rubles.

Gynoflor E. Contains lyophilizate of acidophilic bacteria and estriol. It is characterized by a protective and regenerating effect on the vaginal epithelium and contributes to the restoration of biocenosis. Indications for use are: bacterial vaginosis, normalization of microflora after chemotherapy and antibiotic treatment, atrophic vaginitis in postmenopause. It is applied 1-2 times a day for 6-12 days. The cost is within 900 rubles.

Not used:

with endometrial hyperplasia;
with hypersensitivity;
with malignant tumors dependent on estrogen;
with genital bleeding;
with endometrial hyperplasia;
with hypersensitivity;
in girls who have not begun sexual activity.

Ecofemin. The composition contains Lactobacillus acidophilus LaCH-2 in an amount of more than 100 million. The drug maintains a normal balance of the vaginal microflora. Approved for use by pregnant and lactating women. Contraindicated if there is candidiasis. It is used for the treatment and prevention of violations of the vaginal biocenosis, 1 capsule 2 times a day for 6 days. The doctor may recommend re-treatment after a break of 10-20 days. The price is about 600 rubles.

Lactoginal. The active ingredient is a lyophilisate of lactobacilli L.casei rhamnosus Doderleini. It is highly effective against a wide range of microorganisms, improves local metabolism, restores immunity, and lowers the pH level. Contraindicated in women under 18 years of age and with symptoms of thrush. Allowed during pregnancy and lactation. It is used intravaginally, previously moistened with water, 1 pc. before bed for a week. It is possible to extend the course of treatment up to two weeks. The cost is around 750 rubles.

Lactonorm. Contains acidophilic microorganisms, not less than 100 million CFU. Recommended for acute, chronic vulvitis and vaginitis, bacterial vaginosis after antibiotic treatment, atrophic vaginitis. Contraindicated in thrush. Do not use the drug immediately before sexual intercourse and during menstruation. Apply 2 times a day for 1 week. The cost is about 460 rubles.

Medicines for oral use

There are preparations for restoring the biocenosis of the vagina, intended for oral use. These include:

1. Vagilak. It contains the probiotics Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 and Lactobacillus reuteri RC-14. The drug helps to increase the number of beneficial bacteria in the vagina and increases the immunity of the mucous membrane to the influence of pathogenic microflora. The drug is indicated for bacterial vaginosis, during antibacterial and antiviral therapy, in preparation for childbirth and gynecological operations. Apply 1 time per day during meals with water. The cost is about 690 rubles.

2. Ecofemin. This is a dietary supplement (biologically active additive) containing lactic acid bacteria Lactobacillus acidophilus LMG 8151, Lactobacillus crispatus LMG 9479, Lactobacillus brevis LMG 27275. These microorganisms restore the intimate flora, reduce the acid-base balance, and produce lactic acid in the course of their vital activity. Apply 1 capsule 2 times a day 30 minutes before meals. The course of treatment is 10-15 days. The price is about 780 rubles.

Gels

Often, in order to improve the condition of the microflora, preparations in the form of a gel are prescribed:

1. Salvagin gel. The active substances are Citrobiotic, Inulin, Lactic acid, Aloe-vera. It is an antiseptic and antibacterial drug. It normalizes the microflora and acidity of the vagina, affects pathogenic microbes and viruses, as well as fungi of the genus Candida, promotes the growth of beneficial microorganisms and has a healing effect on the epithelium. Apply the drug at bedtime. In the supine position, the tip of the tube is inserted into the vagina. The cost is about 900 rubles.

2. Floragin gel. Contains a mixture of lysates of beneficial bacteria L. Bulgaria, S. Termophilus, B. Biphidus, L. Helveticus. Normalizes the microflora and protects against the growth of pathogenic microbes. It has a moisturizing effect, reduces the symptoms of vaginosis, fights secretions and unpleasant odors, and restores the acid-base balance. It is not recommended to use the drug for a long time, as local reactions in the form of burning and increased sensitivity are possible. Allowed for pregnant and lactating women. Used before bed. The cost is around 500 rubles.

The main plus of the use of local preparations to normalize the normal biocenosis of the vagina is the effect of the therapeutic substance directly on the focus of the disease. They are easy to use and practically do not cause side effects. Most of them are allowed for pregnant and lactating women. They do not have a negative effect on health and do not require a doctor's prescription to purchase them.

But you should not be engaged in the choice of medicines on your own. When the first signs of pathology appear, you need to seek qualified help from a female doctor, who, after an examination, will prescribe the correct treatment regimen.

Proper balance of intimate microflora

Various reasons can lead to an imbalance in the intimate microflora. One of the most common is incorrect water procedures. In no case should you bathe too often - no more than 2 times a day. In addition, you do not need to wash the entrance to the vagina with soap - it is enough to treat only the external genitalia with it. Soap should be used delicate, and best of all, a special intimate, gel or other product designed specifically for this purpose.

It is advisable to use boiled water to cleanse the genitals. It should be warm, but not too hot and certainly not cold. No need to use a washcloth, as the skin of the intimate area is very delicate. The direction of movement during this intimate procedure is from front to back. Other movements can cause bacteria to enter the vagina from the anus.

Other causes of vaginal dysbiosis

Very often, dysbacteriosis is a consequence of taking antibiotics, reducing immunity, as well as non-compliance with hygiene during intercourse. A man should also be very careful about his intimate hygiene, because many bacteria are brought into the woman's vagina by her partner. Both participants must wash themselves before sexual intercourse. For men, it is also enough to use warm, clean water and mild soap without a washcloth.

If you use intimate disinfectants, do not use them too often. Ordinary antibacterial soap with triclosan, for example, can completely kill all the good bacteria once it enters the vagina. Stick to reasonable limits, because very often women in the pursuit of cleanliness upset the balance of intimate microflora, and, as a result, pathogenic and opportunistic microorganisms settle there.

Another common cause is the overuse of tampons. If you have unpleasant sensations in the vagina, a strange smell and color of discharge, an increase in their number, discomfort during intercourse, then you should generally refrain from tampons. They should not be consumed in the last days of menstruation, and also changed less often than after 4 hours. In any case, using pads is much safer when it comes to maintaining proper balance in the vagina. During menstruation, it is worth refraining from sexual activity, from visiting the pool, sauna and taking baths.

It is very important to wear the right underwear. Panties made of synthetic non-natural fabrics, thongs and tight pants are reasons that can also lead to disorders in the intimate sphere. The ideal underwear should be made from pure, natural fabrics, preferably cotton. Panties should not reap and "cut" into the skin.

How to restore the normal balance of intimate microflora?

The natural environment for the vagina is acidic. Soap is alkali, so abundant washing with soap only harms our intimate area. Lactic acid, which is secreted by special "friendly" bacteria living in the vagina, is aggressive for various microbes, but at the same time spares sperm. That is, violations of the intimate microflora in some cases even prevent the occurrence of a desired pregnancy.

Treatment of vaginal dysbacteriosis involves the use of special suppositories with lactobacilli and ascorbic acid. Be sure to consult with your gynecologist and take a swab for flora at the beginning and at the end of treatment. It is also very important to stimulate the protective properties of the immune system, a correct and balanced diet, the use of fermented milk products in food, and the intake of vitamin preparations.

You can also get rid of violations of the microflora with folk remedies. Sour-milk products help fight the onset of dysbacteriosis not only from the outside, but also directly at the site of its occurrence. An excellent folk remedy that is absolutely safe and time-tested is washing with kefir. It is enough just to take any kefir, dilute 2 tablespoons of it in a glass of warm boiled water, and wash yourself with this solution for a week. Can also be used with the addition of kefir or natural whey.

Intimate hygiene is necessary for every person. Proper care of the delicate parts of the body ensures comfort and convenience. If you follow all the recommendations correctly, there will be no unpleasant sensations, odors and various diseases provoked by dysbacteriosis.