Comedones on the cheeks causes. Medical and cosmetic preparations for self-care

Closed comedones are a common problem. They appear on the face and can even spread to the back. The cause of their occurrence can be stress, diseases of the internal organs, but most often teenagers suffer from them when their body experiences a hormonal surge, as well as women during pregnancy, menopause and in case of malfunctions in the menstrual cycle.

Sebum accumulates under the skin and turns into a small nodule. Often they are small and almost invisible, but sometimes they are quite large and also cause pain. Being under the skin, they do not have the opportunity to finally mature and come out; and if an infection penetrates into such a comedone, then there is a high probability of developing serious inflammation. How to get rid of them? Let's figure it out.

Open and closed comedones - what's the difference?

Skin rashes, called comedones, are divided into two types - open and closed comedones. The first are formed when the contents of the mouth of the follicle appear on the surface of the skin. This species is considered the most noticeable, as it visually represents black dots. Such formations are easy to remove even at home.

Getting rid of closed comedones is not so easy. An attempt at conventional mechanical removal can only result in them turning into red, inflamed pimples with a white top. This type of comedones is popularly called "millet" because they look like millet grains. In dermatology, the term milia is used to define them.

What causes the appearance of closed comedones on the skin of the face? The main reason is the accumulation in the sebaceous glands of a secret secreted in excess. The inability to release secretions into the pores and contributes to the formation of small whitish nodules under a thin layer of skin (subcutaneous acne).

Among the many causes of closed-type rashes, the main factors in their appearance are improper skin care (especially oily or dry), as well as the use of cosmetics that cause closed comedones.

Causes of closed comedones

The main reason for the appearance of closed comedones are various hormonal disorders, but doctors note a number of other factors:

1. Excessive activity of the sebaceous glands.
2. Improper skin care or complete neglect of personal hygiene, resulting in clogged skin pores.
3. In some cases, certain medications may be the cause.
4. Genetic predisposition, as a result of which comedones can appear even in those who monitor the condition of the skin.
5. In men, an excessive amount of testosterone in the body also leads to the appearance of comedones.
6. In exceptional cases, the appearance of comedones can be influenced by environmental pollution. As a result, clogging of the skin pores with particles of dust, dirt and various compounds, which leads to the appearance of closed comedones.

As a result of hormonal disorders, comedones often appear in pregnant women, even if all hygiene requirements are met. Endocrine diseases and problems with the gastrointestinal tract also increase the likelihood of such acne.

What do closed comedones look like?

Closed comedones are small, flesh-colored or white bumps that protrude slightly above the surface of the skin. From the outside, they can be completely invisible and can only be felt by touch, if you run your hand over the skin. They are felt as a slight roughness or unevenness.

Medical treatment

It is necessary to treat closed comedones comprehensively. First you need to identify the cause of their appearance and cure, and then deal with cosmetic skin defects.

Preparations for the treatment of acne and comedones are aimed at reducing the activity of the sebaceous glands, eliminating comedones and skin defects from their occurrence. Medicines can be both internal and external use.

The most used drugs for comedones:

1. Zerkalin (ointment) is a remedy related to antibiotics. Production - Croatia. Able to treat acne and other similar formations on the skin. Effectively fights comedones.
2. Roaccutane (in capsules) is a drug aimed at suppressing acne and comedones. Made in Switzerland. Contains beeswax, soybean oil. The drug should be started with small doses with a gradual increase.
3. Zincteral (tablets) - catalyzes metabolic processes. Producer Poland.
4. A series of cosmetics - Hollyland. It produces drugs in the form of ointments, lotions, masks for the treatment of problem skin. Made in Israel.

Any drug may have side effects or incompatibility with other drugs. Before using drugs, you should consult with your doctor about the appropriateness of their use.

Skin cleansing

First of all, at home, it is necessary to thoroughly cleanse the skin of the face with a special cosmetic product using a sponge or sponge. Hygiene care begins with the fact that the composition for washing is applied to wet skin, and then rubbed without pressure until bubbles appear and removed with a wet sponge. This helps to cleanse the epidermis of particles of fat, layers of dead cells and dirt.

Every week you need to peel with fruit acids or use a scrub to cleanse the skin of dead cells. Masks with bodyaga or clay also help to expand the pores and renew the epidermis. However, when using peeling or scrub, they can only be done once a week. If masks are the only method in the fight against closed comedones, then in a day or two.

At home, vegetable masks made from carrots, cucumbers, zucchini and apples will help to cope with closed comedones. Finely grind the vegetables, you can use a grater or a blender, and if they do not contain acids, then lemon juice is added. The composition is supplemented with vegetable oil, most often olive oil. But in the advice of cosmetologists and reviews of many women, you can read that this oil can clog pores. In this case, you need to use a cosmetic vegetable oil suitable for your skin.

Folk remedies

Traditional medicine will help to deal with such a problem. Herbal decoctions, various masks made from natural ingredients have a positive effect on the skin, no worse than expensive pharmaceutical products.

Effective remedies for closed comedones:

1. Chamomile. Take 2 tablespoons of dried chamomile, pour a little boiling water over it. Wait 30 minutes, strain, apply the gruel on your face, hold for 15 minutes, do such manipulations every day. After a week, you will notice that the comedones have decreased in size, and over time, the millet will completely disappear.
2. Protein treatment. Take one fresh chicken egg, separate the protein from the yolk, beat it with 1 tablespoon of sugar, divide the mixture into 2 equal parts. Apply the first half to the face, wait until it dries completely, then do the same with the second half of the mass. Rinse off the mask with cool water, do not forget to lubricate the skin with a nourishing cream after the procedure. Such manipulations remove impurities, cleanse pores, and contribute to the opening of millet;
3. Vitamin mask. Grate carrots, zucchini, cucumber (in equal amounts), add 1 tbsp to the mixture. spoon of olive oil, mix thoroughly. Put the resulting slurry on your face in a thin layer, wait 10-15 minutes, then rinse with warm water;
4. Salt. Take a glass of boiled water, dilute a finely grated piece of antibacterial soap in it, add 1 tablespoon of fine salt. Moisten a cotton pad in the solution, use it to rub into problem areas on the skin for no more than three minutes, do not overdo it, this method should be used very carefully so as not to damage the skin;
5. Citrus tonic. Dilute 1 tablespoon of lemon or grapefruit juice with 1 cup of boiled water. Moisten a cotton pad with this product and wipe the places of accumulation of millet. Use this remedy in the morning and evening.

Do not expect lightning-fast action from these recipes, for a high-quality result, 2-3 weeks should pass. Do not be alarmed if millet on the nose lasts longer than on all other zones, this is a natural process.

Treatment with a laser

This procedure not only has no consequences in the form of scars or scars, but is absolutely painless.

There are three types of such laser peeling:

1. pulsed laser. During processing, bacteria die, and the secretion of the sebaceous glands also decreases. As a result of this decrease in the intensity of secretion, less sebum is produced, which is a breeding ground for bacteria. As a result, old comedones dissolve, and the likelihood of new comedones formation decreases.
2. Processing with a blue laser (frequency 405-420 nm). This procedure destroys bacteria that are deep in the skin and promotes the resorption of comedones.
3. diode laser. Unlike the previous type, this procedure contributes to the complete cessation of sebum secretion. It is quite effective in the treatment of acne, when comedones are formed in large quantities over the entire surface of the face.

This effective method allows you to achieve visible results after the first procedure, and thanks to the ability to adjust the depth of penetration, the specialist can work with problem areas without affecting the surrounding tissues.

Why is the medicine not helping?

This impatient question is asked to dermatologists and cosmetologists by many patients after several weeks of treatment with the recommended drug. Doctors usually explain that there are several reasons why a drug is ineffective:

• the medicine was taken constantly and in the indicated dosage;
• the use corresponded to the instructions attached to the drug;
• if it was used only in the place where acne appeared;
• when using the medicine, all hygiene rules were observed.

If the comedones on the nose or in another part of the face have not disappeared a week after starting the drug, this is quite natural. At the first stage, the medicine prevents the occurrence of new acne. The old ones disappear on their own, but this takes time, at least a month. It is advisable to change drugs only if an allergic reaction occurs.

How effective this or that medicine can be evaluated no earlier than two months later. You can not take two drugs at the same time, as it is difficult to understand which of them brings real benefits. And we can talk about the ineffectiveness of treatment only after two months, when it becomes clear that there is no improvement, new foci of acne appear. In this case, you need to contact your doctor again.

This must be remembered constantly and throughout the course of treatment with medicines, cosmetics or folk remedies, adhere to the following simple recommendations.

1. Daily use facial cleansers (milk, tonic, lotion), weekly - scrubs or gommage.
2. Self-extrusion of comedones is strictly prohibited, which in 95% of cases leads to their inflammation, which has to be treated with antibiotics.
3. Choosing the right line of cosmetics for skin care.
4. Do not leave makeup on your face overnight.
5. Limit the amount of fatty, fried, spicy, pickled, salty, sweet, flour foods in your diet.
6. Stop taking long-term medications.
7. It is useless to fight comedones if you smoke a lot or abuse alcohol. It's time to say goodbye to bad habits with problem skin.
8. Try to be less affected by stressful situations.
9. Treat existing stomach diseases.
10. Move to an area with a more favorable environmental situation.

All these measures are not only an effective fight against comedones, but also the prevention of this cosmetic defect. Not only will it change your life, but it is necessary if you want to look stunning.

Blackheads on the skin are a type of acne that occurs in clogged skin pores.

Plug for the opening of the pore - a mixture of thickened secretion of the sebaceous gland, dead epithelial cells and dirt. Initially, there is no inflammatory process in these formations, but without proper care, infection and complications will appear.

In no case should you try to cleanse the skin of comedones on your own - an infection penetrates into the open pore. In addition, pressure on the skin around the acne with fingernails or fingertips causes the pore to expand and deform even more, becoming even more dirty.

The appearance of comedones is a sign of malfunctions in the body, or a signal of improper facial care.

Photo

Closed comedones

The accumulation of sebum occurs inside the skin, a tubercle appears, which eventually begins to become inflamed and leads to severe infection. Closed comedones are also called whiteheads or millet, they cannot be squeezed out, the treatment is complex, sometimes even medication.

open comedones

More commonly referred to as blackheads. There is a gradual accumulation of sebum, which does not come out naturally due to blockage of the pore with a clot of dirt and dead cells. This type of comedones is easier to treat. Prevention of open comedones - the implementation of personal hygiene rules and regular cleansing procedures.

Symptoms of comedones

Comedones are small black dots and are more common in teenagers.

Signs of comedones include:

• dull skin;
• enlarged pores;
• roughness of the skin.

To establish an accurate diagnosis, contact a dermatologist who will conduct an external examination, prescribe a series of tests and select the appropriate treatment.

How to get rid of comedones

As a rule, comedones are accompanied by concomitant endocrine diseases and diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Complex treatment - therapy of concomitant diseases that caused the appearance of comedones.

Patients need to regularly do cosmetic procedures to exfoliate dead cells and release sebum. Skin care should be regular and thorough. Wash your face with a cleanser twice a day, touch your face skin with your hands as little as possible, make sure that your hair does not touch your skin.

To remove the layer of dead cells, peels with fruit acids and microdermabrasion are done. After this procedure, apply a remedy to prevent the development of comedones on your face. If some areas of the skin are inflamed, treatment with salicylic acid solution and antimicrobial gel is required.

Which doctors to contact for comedones

Treatment of comedones

Before treating comedones, you need to consult a dermatologist, gastroenterologist and endocrinologist. If there are diseases, then appropriate treatment will be needed first. As a rule, after eliminating the identified cause, comedones will disappear on their own.

Effective treatment of comedones includes the following components:

• elimination of excess sebum;
• the use of skin products;
• regular peeling of the skin.

In addition, dermatologists use topical and oral antibiotics, as well as oral contraceptives for women, to treat comedones.

Skin cleansing

It is important to learn how to cleanse your skin properly. The skin needs systematic cleansing. Also, do not forget about dead skin cells, which affect the blockage of pores and the formation of comedones.

Peelings, scrubs and cosmetic exfoliators are used in the treatment, which are aimed at removing the upper, dead skin layer, which will ensure that closed blackheads come out on their own to the surface of the skin. However, this approach is effective when the number of comedones is small.

Manual cleaning

Manual cleaning is a lengthy process. The cleansed skin of the face is pre-steamed and then acne is squeezed out in turn with fingers wrapped in sterile napkins. Then the beautician wipes the skin with a special disinfectant lotion, and at the end of the procedure makes a tightening and soothing mask.

vacuum cleaning

A vacuum pore cleaner draws out accumulated secrets from the sebaceous glands, like a small vacuum cleaner. The cleaning procedure is divided into stages. First, impurities and cosmetics are removed with cleansing agents. Then the skin is irrigated with steam to open the pores. Then they do a deincrustation procedure by electrophoresis, during which the secret from the sebaceous glands is liquefied, keratinized cells are partially removed that block the exits from the ducts.

When the skin is prepared, it is exposed to the vacuum cleaning apparatus. Within 15-20 minutes, the skin is massaged with a vacuum cleaner that draws the contents from the pores. After the procedure, a mask is applied to the cleaned areas, which narrows the open pores so that the infection does not get through them and moisturize the skin. The complex of procedures takes 1-1.5 hours.

Vacuum cleaning affects the skin much more gently than the hands of a beautician, the procedure is often compared to a relaxing massage. This cleaning method is painless, after it there are no marks on the skin in the form of abrasions, but the force with which the contents of the pores are drawn out is sometimes not enough with narrow ducts. In these cases, the procedure is supplemented with manual cleaning.

fruit acids

Chemical cleansing of the face with the help of AHA - fruit acids - a relatively new technique. The mask will help open the pores and thus replace the steam bath. Then a composition is applied to the face that warms the skin, and also softens and even partially dissolves fat rods. The treatment ends with a soothing mask with a pore-tightening effect.

Pros: the cleaning method is officially recognized as non-traumatic; the recovery period is reduced to a minimum. Since fruit acids stimulate cell renewal, the skin looks fresh after this cleansing. Cons: it is impossible to remove 100% of blackheads with fruit acids; Sensitive skin is sometimes irritated.

Ionization

Desincrustation, or ionization of the skin with a mask or lotion, depending on the condition of the skin. A special preparation, which is applied to the areas affected by acne, contains anti-inflammatory, wound healing and other components, the effect of which is enhanced by the action of galvanic current. At the same time, the contents of the pores are liquefied and drawn out. Pros: non-traumatic and painless. Cons: to achieve the result, the procedure is repeated several times. And this pleasure is not cheap.

Removal of comedones

When it comes to large comedones, the doctor prescribes removal. This procedure is carried out through the following methods:

In addition, Ayurvedic methods of treatment, in which essential oils are used, have become widespread. Essential oils are used to make creams for home use and other skin care products.

A table of comedogenicity of natural oils has been developed. In this list, oils received an index (0-5), which indicates the level of comedogenicity. So, at zero value, the oil does not clog pores, but the higher the indicator, the more it happens.

Folk remedies for the treatment of comedones

In the treatment of comedones, folk remedies help. However, the use of a particular prescription is best agreed with a dermatologist.

Rice Purifying Mask

For the evening, prepare 50 g of rice and rinse, then pour a glass of water. In the morning, strain and mash the rice. The mask is applied to a pre-cleansed face with a thick layer.

Grapefruit mask

Grind 2 tablespoons of oatmeal and mix with a glass of grapefruit juice diluted with water 1 to 10. Wipe the affected areas with a mask for two minutes and rinse, then apply a daily light cream.

Tomato mask

We take a ripe tomato, squeeze out the juice and mix with a tablespoon of oatmeal and grated egg yolk. We apply a mask based on the mixture on the problematic part of the skin for half an hour. Then rinse off and apply moisturizer.

White clay mask

To prepare this mask, you will need magnesia, boric acid powder, rice starch, white clay and burnt alum. Take the ingredients by a teaspoon, mix and add a three percent hydrogen peroxide solution. You need to keep the mask for half an hour, then wash your face and apply the cream.

Mask based on kefir

Apply kefir to the affected areas of the skin and wash off after 20 minutes, after which the skin moisturizes. Kefir helps open pores and dissolve fat.

Citrus mask

We dilute lemon juice with water in a ratio of 1 to 3, wipe the skin with the resulting liquid in the morning.

Vitamin mask

Grate carrots, cucumber and zucchini, then add lemon juice or olive oil to them. After cleansing the skin, apply a mask from the mixture obtained on the face and hold for 20 minutes.

Salt and baking soda scrub

Salt and soda take 4 g each and mix, slightly diluted with water. Next, apply to the affected areas, but not three. Hold for 10 minutes and wash off. The procedure should not be done more than once a week.

Egg scrub

Beat an egg with a glass of sugar and two teaspoons of lemon juice and aloe vera juice. Shake and apply on the face. Keep for 15 minutes and wash off.

Cosmetics for comedones

When choosing cosmetics for problem skin, pay attention to special products, which include:

• zinc;
• salicylic acid;
• ammonium lactate;
• retinol;
• vitamins A and E;
• sulfur;
• skinoren;
• essential oils;
• plant extracts.

These products will cleanse the skin and relieve or prevent inflammation. In addition, micellar water (“Exfoliac”), special gels or lotions are used for washing:

• "Cleanans";
• "Clerasil Ultra";
• "Cetafil";
• "Sebium".

No less effective in cleansing oily skin will be tonics and lotions (non-alcoholic) containing essential oils:

• lemon
• menthol;
• eucalyptus;
• tea tree;
• plant extracts of aloe;
• chamomile;
• calendula;
• green tea;
• witch hazel.

Cosmetic brands offer special "anti-comedone" lines:

• "Clean Line" at Garnier;
• "Pure Zone" at L'Oreal;
• "Visibly Clear" by Neutrogena;
• "Normaderm" by Vichy.

To cleanse the skin in the nose area, special strips are used.

Causes of comedones

Dermatologists identify the following causes of comedones:

• hormonal changes during puberty;
• pregnancy and menopause;
• endocrine diseases;
• diseases of the gastrointestinal tract;
• unbalanced diet, in the absence of essential vitamins;
• uncontrolled medication;
• alcohol and smoking abuse;
• improper selection of cosmetics, causing allergic reactions;
• heredity.

Doctors also note that stressful situations and emotional overload can negatively affect the condition of the skin and cause comedones.

Foods that cause comedones

Dermatologists have long proven the relationship between skin health and diet. Among the products that negatively affect the quality of the skin, coffee occupies the first place. Owners of problem skin are also advised to stop using:

• fast food;
• flour;
• sweet;
• alcohol.

It is important for women to remember that the problem of rashes is easier to prevent than to cure. If you want to look good, watch your health: follow the daily routine and give preference to healthy food.

Prevention of comedones

Use only properly selected cosmetics. So, for example, with oily skin, you can not use dense and oily creams or abuse oil-based cosmetics.

Choose products for daily care that reduce sebum production, narrow pores, exfoliate dead cells, and prevent the development of inflammation.

Thoroughly cleanse the skin. For oily and combination skin, it is recommended to wash with warm water without the use of soap and alcohol-based cleansers, which dry the skin and stimulate the production of sebum.

Regularly use soft scrubs and exfoliants to remove keratinized dead epithelium particles, as well as clay and film masks to cleanse pores.

Touch your face as little as possible with your hands, while in places with polluted air - cover your face with a scarf, bandages or other items of clothing.

Questions and answers on the topic "Comedones"

Question:Hello. My question is: in certain lighting, my skin seems clean, but if you look in bright daylight, you can see a lot of small colorless tubercles. When washing, if you run your fingers over the soaped skin, then small tubercles are felt. What will you advice me? Does skinoren or an analogue of skinonorm help with this problem, or does it only act on acne vulgaris? I also wipe my face with alcohol 2% solution of salicylic acid in the evenings, am I doing it right? What do you recommend for face care?

Answer: Hello. You need to add products with AHA acids (gels, mousses) to your daily care, from professional chemical peels, for example, Jessner, light TCA. Azelaic acid preparations (Skinoren, Azelik) are effective in solving this problem, so it can be applied in the evening after washing. It is better not to use alcohol lotions on the face, as this can lead to increased skin sensitivity and dryness.

Question:Hello. I am 20 years old male. For the past 3 years, the main problem is the forehead, nose, and the most problematic area of ​​​​the chin on both sides, in general, the t-zone, acne, the so-called flesh-colored closed comedones, are visible when the skin is stretched. How to get rid of them? They provoke inflamed red pimples.

Answer: Hello. First you need to determine the cause of your problem. I recommend taking an analysis for the Demodex mite, a complete blood count, a biochemical blood test. These studies will help clarify the cause, so it will be easier to deal with the problem and give recommendations for facial skin care.

Question:Hello. I have closed comedones, how to deal with this with creams and ointments, there are no inflammations on my face at all, sometimes a pimple, I heard that differin and skinoren can help? Or is there something better?

Answer: Hello. Internal consultation of the doctor of the dermatologist is necessary.

At a young age, comedones give people a lot of problems. As a rule, they appear on the nose, forehead, chin, back. In this article, we will describe in detail what comedones are and how to deal with them.

After all, these seemingly harmless pimples can lead to the development of acne.

What are comedones?

So called black dots on the skin, resulting from the accumulation of fat and dirt particles in the pores. Usually acne begins to appear in adolescence, when they work as hard as possible. As a result, sebum clogs pores. Mixing with dead particles of the dermis and dirt, the fat turns into a so-called cork.

Causes

Considering the question of what comedones are, it is impossible not to highlight the possible factors for their appearance. First of all, this is improper skin care, especially at a young age. In the evening and in the morning it is necessary to wash, while removing cosmetics, with special means. This will cleanse the skin of dust, oil and sweat that clog pores. The next reason is a genetic predisposition. Young people who have suffered from this skin ailment are also likely to be affected by this problem. Another important factor is the climate.

Studies have confirmed that residents of humid regions are much more concerned about this problem.

Kinds

There are open and closed comedones. The first look like brown-black dots. And they can be quite large. What is It is subcutaneous acne, shaped like a tiny nodule. They are usually pale white in color. Their peculiarity lies in the fact that sebum, accumulating in the pores, cannot freely come out.

How to deal with comedones?

First of all, it is necessary to carry out daily competent skin care. It is recommended to wash only with cleansers. This will to some extent prevent the emergence of new problem areas. In the treatment of the disease, an integrated approach is important. It is necessary to regularly carry out procedures that normalize the processes of sebum secretion and desquamation of dead particles. You can remove old cells with the help of microdermabrasion. After the procedure, a therapeutic agent should be applied to the skin to prevent the occurrence of comedones. If there are inflamed areas, they must be treated with an antimicrobial gel. In addition, you need to reconsider your diet, excluding fatty and sweet.

Comedones on the nose, chin and forehead area are recommended to be treated with special products. They are applied pointwise to problem areas and prevent the development of inflammation. Creams containing AHA, especially glycerin ones, help quite well. They remove the top "dead" layer and open clogged pores. Periodically, it is necessary to perform a deep cleaning of the face with special products. It can be white clay, badyaga, etc. It will be useful to visit the cosmetologist's office. He will thoroughly cleanse your face and give recommendations for care. Another tip: try to touch your face as little as possible to prevent dirt from getting on your skin.

" comes from the Latin comedones, so the other spelling of this word "comedones" is not entirely correct. It is customary for them to designate black dots on the bodyformed in the expanded hair follicles of the epidermis, clogged with dirt. This dirt is made of dead skin particles and dust, in which bacteria readily multiply, which can cause quite serious inflammation. Most often, comedones can be found on the face, especially in its nasolabial part, neck and shoulders. In rare cases, black dots may occur in the area and groin.

Types of comedones

Comedones differ among themselves into two types - closed, so-called white-headed, and open - black-headed. Closed comedones can be identified by semicircular nodules located in the deep layers of the epidermis, covered with a thin skin and filled with a viscous substance of a white or yellowish hue. Over time, the secret accumulates and at one point it can break out, the comedone turns from closed to open. Outwardly, this is manifested by its darkening, caused on the one hand by contamination of the secret, on the other - by its oxidation.

In the Middle Ages, there was a belief that comedones were actually miniature worms. For treatment, the skin was smeared with honey to lure the worms out.

Reasons for the appearance

The impetus for the formation of blacks can be a metabolic disorder or hormonal imbalance, which usually occurs during adolescence. We can say that everyone at the age of 12-14 sooner or later encounters comedones. Often they appear together with acne - teenage acne, and sometimes they themselves become the cause of Acne vulgaris.

Why You Shouldn't Squeeze Comedones

No matter how great the temptation to squeeze out the comedone with your hands, you can’t succumb to it. With inept handling, part of the secret will not come out, but will penetrate deep into the skin, thereby creating a focus of future serious inflammation. The body will perceive the substance as a foreign body, will try by all means to get rid of it, the result of such attempts will be pigmented and scars.

Comedones are best removed by a professional beautician. If acne has been added to the black dots, in this case, you should consult a dermatologist.

Preventive measures

There is no 100% protection against education. However, you can reduce the risk of their appearance by regularly cleansing the skin with a product whose pH does not exceed 5.5, as well as reviewing the diet, avoiding fatty and sweet foods, and contacting a specialist for advice on prevention against the occurrence of comedones.

Comedones on the face are one of the main skin problems in our time. They clog pores, representing a kind of cork from sebaceous formations, the remnants of decorative cosmetics and dirt. This problem is typical for all categories of the population, but, of course, it causes more discomfort to women and adolescents. Basically, comedones cover the surface of the face, especially the chin, nose wings and forehead are affected. Comedones, of course, are not life-threatening in themselves, however, with improper treatment, they can become inflamed, and then the patient will need medical treatment.

Comedones on the face are clogged pores

Comedones on the face

In order to be able to answer the question of how to get rid of comedones on the face, you first need to understand the causes of their occurrence. Many factors influence their appearance, but most often they occur due to hormonal imbalance, especially during adolescence, with prolonged use of hormonal contraceptives, during a woman's pregnancy or during menopause.

Comedones on the face - look at the photo

The main factors for the occurrence of comedones include:

• Improper skin care;
• Rare facial cleansing with scrubs or lotions;

Note! Abuse of cleansers is just as harmful as neglecting them! It leads to trauma to the delicate skin of the face, and since the products wash off the natural protective layer, the dirt penetrates the pores more easily.

• Incorrectly selected creams for skin type;
• Neglect of the procedure for removing cosmetics at night;
• Poor-quality decorative cosmetics, which by no means often leads women to the formation of the notorious black dots;
• Prolonged exposure to direct sunlight and hypothermia of the body also lead to a violation of the barrier functions of the skin. To protect your skin, you should use creams designed to protect the skin from ultraviolet rays or exposure to low temperatures;
• Bad ecology. Often, ambient air pollution and prolonged systematic stay in dusty rooms also affect the condition of the skin;

Advice! To improve the condition of the skin of the face in this case, if possible, change the environmentally unfavorable area of ​​​​frequent stay to an area with a more favorable environmental situation (for example, transfer to another branch of the company, etc.)

• Bad habits. Of course, everyone knows that frequent smoking and alcohol abuse are irreconcilable enemies not only for the skin of the face, but for the whole human body as a whole;
• Wrong, unbalanced diet. When fighting comedones, fatty, fried, spicy, pickled, sweet and starchy foods should be excluded from the diet;
• Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Violation of the internal organs, and especially the digestive organs, sooner or later leads to slagging of the body, as well as to a decrease and decrease in the number of beneficial microorganisms. Metabolic disorders contribute to clogging of the sebaceous ducts of the skin with poorly absorbed substances;

• Stress. Psychological experiences lead to a violation of the chemical composition of subcutaneous fat, there is an increase in sweating;
• genetic predisposition. If the parents had or have black dots on their faces, then most likely it will also be difficult for their children to avoid such problems.

Types of comedones

Doctors divide comedones into two types: closed and open:

• Closed comedones - when the pores are completely clogged. It is more difficult to remove closed comedones, as they are internal. They are located deep in the epithelial tissue, so if you try to squeeze them out, the contents will come out with difficulty. This type of comedones eventually leads to inflammation and the formation of pustules and nodes. Externally, this transformation manifests itself in the form of whiteheads with a diameter of no more than a few millimeters. It is better to treat closed comedones in salons with cosmetologists, with the appointment of medications, since home remedies will not be enough here.

Note! White comedones are different from millet (milium), the two should not be confused. Formations on the skin during millet are filled with a white liquid and do not have exit holes.

• open comedones

It is easier to get rid of open comedones, as they are external and affect the less deep layers of the epidermis. With oily facial skin, the mouths of the hair follicles are enlarged. The ducts become clogged, like a cork, with street dirt and cosmetic residues and turn black, forming the “heads” of comedones. Therefore, among the people they have the well-known name "black eels". Open comedones on the face can be easily squeezed out on their own (although this is not recommended), and they do not lead to inflammatory processes.

Treatment

Skin comedones can be treated in different ways, the choice of treatment tactics depends on the degree of skin damage. To improve the final indicators of therapy, it is better to use a complex treatment of this problem. After the consultation, the dermatologist must prescribe an effective drug treatment and give the patient recommendations for improving the quality of personal hygiene.

Advice! To choose an effective way to treat comedones, you should consult a doctor! Comedones on the face can talk about problems with internal organs, malfunctions of the digestive system or hormonal pathologies! Self-medication can lead to undesirable consequences.

In some cases, if we are dealing with an uncomplicated process, the cause of which is a local rather than a systemic violation, we can trust beauty salons equipped with beauty parlors. A cosmetologist will determine the type of rash and will be able to offer you several methods and tips on how to remove comedones.

• mechanical cleaning

The specialist steams the face with the help of a steam bath with the addition of medicinal herbs, and then removes black dots with a special spatula. The technique is effective, but quite painful.

• brushing

It is a peeling machine with brushes. As a result, blood supply to the upper layers of the skin improves, which stimulates the process cell renewal.

• ultrasonic cleaning

The procedure is suitable for both prevention and removal of comedones. Ultrasound exfoliates the upper layers and stimulates cell renewal.

• vacuum cleaning

This type of cleansing is painless and does not cause redness of the skin after the procedure. Initially, the skin is steamed, and then it is cleaned with a tube through which sebaceous plugs are sucked under.

• Laser cleaning

Facial cleansing is done with a laser, which easily breaks down sebaceous plugs.

• Galvanization

In this technique, the beautician uses a device with a low frequency current, it is known as disincrustation.

• Vaporization

This method is good for removing open comedones. Under a stream of water, it affects the vessels and muscles, the epidermis is disinfected, comedones are removed, and, after all this, a therapeutic mask is applied.

• Chemical peel

Fruit acids are applied to the skin, which quickly dissolve comedones, cleansing the cells well and renewing the skin.

Home remedies for comedones

At home, special masks are used to get rid of unopened cases of comedones. The procedures will be less effective and longer, but they work quite well for preventive purposes. A big plus is that homemade masks are natural, useful in composition and do not belong to expensive procedures. Let's consider some of them:

• Protein mask

This face mask is good for all skin types. It perfectly removes comedones and dries the places of their formation. You will also need sugar to make it. If you have oily skin, then mix the protein with crushed sugar, if dry, the yolk. Whole is suitable for combination skin. The components of the mask should be whipped into foam and applied with a brush on the face, allow the mask to dry and apply another layer. Next, you need to attach a piece of thin paper to your face (you can take a table napkin) and repeat the application several more times. The mask will be well removed after complete drying, and skin impurities will remain on the paper.

• Lemon mask

To prepare the mask, you will need to mix egg white with concentrated lemon and aloe juice (two tablespoons each).

• Gelatin mask

Dissolve gelatin in half a glass of water, let the mixture swell. Heat the resulting mass in a water bath. Apply to the face, avoiding hairy areas (eyes, eyebrows). The mask is applied in several layers until completely dry, then it is well removed, the remnants of the mask on the face should be washed off with warm water.

• Activated charcoal mask

The tablets should be crushed and mixed with water, and then applied to the face for no more than 20 minutes. Cosmetologists also advise adding charcoal to a gelatin mask - the effect of treating comedones will be doubled as a result.

• Soda scrub mask

Mix soda with salt, diluting with water until smooth.

• Oatmeal mask

Mix soda with oatmeal, adding water.

Oatmeal mask - an effective remedy for comedones

Advice! It is worth treating comedones at home no more than once a week, after cleansing the skin. The sebaceous ducts will no longer become clogged, and the existing comedones will dissolve and come out. Masks are usually applied for 15 minutes.

You can also get rid of comedones at home in a more radical way - mechanical cleaning at home. It does not differ from cleaning by a beautician in the salon, the main thing is to sterilize the face and hands well. Cleanse the skin with lotion or facial cleanser from impurities and decorative cosmetics, then steam the skin. To do this, you will need to pour hot water into a saucepan and add a decoction of herbal infusions to it. A string, calendula or chamomile are great, as they are excellent antiseptics and relieve inflammation well.

Cover your head with a towel, keeping your face over the saucepan for 15 minutes. This procedure perfectly opens the pores, and the comedones will be much easier to remove as a result. Take squeezing wipes, however, remember that you should not touch poorly responsive and inflamed comedones. Change wipes frequently to prevent infection. After the procedure, sterilize your face again with alcohol, let it dry and rinse your face with cold water - this will help close the pores. Wiping your face with a towel is not worth it, so as not to introduce an infection, it is better to just blot the skin with a napkin. After ten minutes, apply a moisturizer.

Dermatologists suggest using a home scrub in the fight against comedones. It is easy to make and gently cleanses the skin. Take coffee grounds and sour cream in a 1:1 ratio and mix, you can also make a scrub from sea salt, liquid and olive oil by mixing all the ingredients together. The mixture is applied in circular, rubbing movements into the skin, then washed off with warm water.

Note! If comedones are caused by hormonal imbalances, you should also visit a dermatologist to diagnose the skin condition and prescribe the right treatment.