From an overdose of which pills die quickly. Poisoning can be avoided

In almost every instruction for the use of a particular drug, there is an item “Overdose”, which indicates the consequences that threaten the patient in the event of a “bust” of the drug.

As a rule, the lethal dose of tablets is not indicated there. However, it is necessary to know about this, if only because, in case of accidental intake, it is correct to determine the symptoms of poisoning and provide first aid.

There are interesting statistics, however, for America, but this is not the point. In this country, literally every 19 minutes, one person dies due to “overdoing” with drugs.

The problem with taking lethal doses of pills today is quite common. After all, for poisoning to occur, a dose of only 10 times higher than the norm is needed. Thus, the lethal dose of Phenazepam tablets, a popular tranquilizer, is 10 mg.

The figure for children and the elderly is two times less.

Overdoses are accompanied by a number of reasons, among which the love of people for self-treatment is important. Predisposes to this and the fact that many drugs - and by no means harmless - are dispensed in pharmacies without a prescription.

A person can take deadly pills consciously, wanting to commit suicide. But more often it happens that this happens either due to absent-mindedness, or in case of non-compliance with the recommended admission rules. A similar misfortune can happen to a child who discovers a package of pills and decides to try them like candy. Be that as it may, a person must be saved and done as quickly as possible.

How to determine an overdose?

If the patient has taken an increased dose of tablets, then the reaction of the body will not be unambiguous: it depends on various factors, including gender and age. The disease in which this or that drug is prescribed, as well as possible concomitant ailments, also plays a role.

Of course, the symptoms will also depend on the type of pills taken, what properties and mechanism of action they have. Among the brightest and most frequently encountered are the following:

the patient may feel dizzy;
often the condition is aggravated by abdominal pain, stool disorder;
seizures are observed;
poisoning of this kind threatens with depression and respiratory arrest;
vision is impaired;
hallucinations occur.

Video: Dose Required for Death

Such reactions, in particular, can cause paracetamol - a very common antipyretic and analgesic drug. The lethal dose of paracetamol in tablets, according to various sources, ranges from 50 to 75 pieces. If we express this in grams, then the figure will be as follows: 10–15 g. But even when taking more than 20 tablets, big troubles are guaranteed. So, the occurrence of acute liver failure can also be added to the reactions described above. In such a situation, if you do not urgently consult a doctor, you can only save a person in a day with a liver transplant.

The whole body, as a result of "brute force" with paracetamol, slowly but surely decomposes, and after a week and a half it can be stated: there was an overdose of tablets with a fatal outcome.

The very first aid

Assistance rendered "in hot pursuit" can literally save a person's life. But, nevertheless, if an overdose of pills has occurred, what to do before starting any action is to first of all call an "ambulance" or call the poison control center and consult. To do this, you need to know the name of the medicine that the patient took, when approximately this happened, as well as the age of the victim.

First aid in case of an overdose of pills before the ambulance arrives will be to wash the victim's stomach, causing him to vomit, and thereby prevent the drug from being absorbed into the mucous membranes. This measure is applicable, of course, if the patient is not in an unconscious state, and is especially effective in the first half hour after taking a large dose of the drug, but not more than two hours.
In any case, an overdose after gastric lavage will not interfere with activated charcoal - an excellent adsorbent that can quickly neutralize the medication. Charcoal tablets must first be crushed, and four tablespoons of the powder should be diluted in a glass of water. In order to neutralize the lethal dose of tablets for humans, in particular, aspirin or sleeping pills, 10 grams of activated charcoal is enough.
Against the action of sleeping pills or sedatives, you can use ordinary tea, which contains substances that excite the nervous system.

How to induce vomiting?

Although vomiting is also called among the symptoms of an overdose of some drugs, it is not worth waiting until this happens by itself, because the drug will already have time to be absorbed, and washing in this case is unlikely to help.

Vomiting can be caused in several ways.

An effective solution of dry mustard or salt, which should be drunk at least three glasses, spreading two teaspoons of powder or salt into one glass.
You can give the victim to drink soapy water.
If you press your palm on the upper abdomen, this can also cause vomiting.
And the classic version is “two fingers in the mouth”, i.e. put your finger down the throat of an overdose victim.

We must remember, so to speak, about safety precautions: so that the patient does not choke on vomit, it is necessary to induce vomiting by laying him on his side or by sitting with his head tilted forward.

Video: TOP 5 Lethal Doses of Common Substances

Poisoning can be avoided

I would like to once again bring the usual phrase from the instructions for the use of drugs: store in a place inaccessible to children. And since we are talking about children, it makes sense to recall the necessary precautions.

Be sure to check whether the drug is given to the child. After all, by any chance, in the packaging of the right pills, they may not be the same at all.
It is strongly not recommended, when persuading a child to take a pill, to call it a delicious candy.
Children's medicines in liquid form usually come with a dropper or measuring spoon. It is necessary to use only them, then the possibility of an overdose will simply be excluded.

Video: TOP 10 UNSUCCESSFUL SUICIDES - Interesting Facts

To the question: "overdose of which pills can cause death?" - did not arise at all, it is necessary to adopt a few simple rules. So,

Before you start taking prescribed medicines, be sure to read the contents of the package leaflet, paying special attention to side effects.
Follow the recommendations of the doctor who prescribed this or that drug.
If you received an appointment from different specialists, you should consult with a therapist about the compatibility of prescribed drugs. In case of uncertainty or uncertainty, it is better to stop at some safe analogue.
If several drugs are prescribed, then different tablets are taken individually, and not all in one handful.
No considerations of economy should force the use of expired drugs.
Observe the rules and conditions of storage: temperature, light, moisture, etc. In particular, it is not recommended to keep tablets in the bathroom cabinet, no matter how ideally designed it may be for this.

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Each of us at least once in his life faced with the need to take activated charcoal. This is a sorbent, which is presented in the form of small black tablets. Black coal was taken hundreds of years ago. It is desirable that this medication be ...

12-year-old Ksyusha Kharisova (name changed) became ill on the evening of April 7. The head was very dizzy, vomiting began. Relatives called an ambulance, but the doctors could not help anything - the schoolgirl died before their arrival.

VERSION 1:

DID NOT WANT TO SCHOOL

In her phone, they found a screenshot from an Internet forum with chilling text: it described how to take a lot of pills so as not to die, but to get to the hospital. A version appeared: "The girl committed suicide so as not to go to school."

The school disagrees.

Yes, it's just nonsense! - Natalya Kapitonova, head teacher for academic work, is indignant. - Ksyusha loved school, did not skip classes, her grades are getting better every year - only fours and fives. On the day of her death, we appointed her on duty at the school for tomorrow, so she clapped her hands for joy!

Classmates speak out loud - I studied well, I did not clash with teachers. Beauty, everyone loved her. And when she lived a little in Moscow with her dad, she became a favorite of teachers at all - after a school in the capital! And why ruin her health in order to skip classes if she was at her best at school, could assert herself, feel important and needed?

Incredible...

But at Ksyusha's house everything was difficult. Parents lived in a civil marriage for only a year, a daughter was born. Then my father married his school friend. The girl's mother drank heavily and did not raise her daughter. Ksyusha moved to her father at the age of three. But she didn’t stop going to her own mother (by the way, trouble happened in her house). The child, as often happens, began to be torn between two families. And all the adults in this story desperately did not get along with each other.

VERSION 2:

TRIED TO GET THE ATTENTION OF THE PARENTS

The house of Ksyusha's mother stands on the outskirts of Nizhny Novgorod, near the railway. Inside is dark and dirty.

Our Ksyushenka is a beauty ... - grandmother Galina Viktorovna is crying. - Yes, she was fine with us, and her father forcibly took her away. Said there was nothing to eat here. Everything is there, we just do not indulge. Here it is necessary to share sweets among all, but there everything was given to one. The father became interested in his own daughter only when they filed for alimony!

In the house of Ksyusha's new family, the smell of valerian has not yet disappeared. The girl's father, forgetting, now and then calls his daughter by name ...

Yes, we forcibly took Ksyusha out of that barrack! What is there for a child to do? She slept on the floor, there were no seats. Mother, you say? Yes, she does not show herself to anyone, she has lost her human appearance from drinking. I drank two liters of vodka at the funeral. I spent all the days with Ksyusha, we went to school together, home - together, - says Galina Vadimovna, the second grandmother, she raised the girl almost from birth. She works as a cleaner at Ksyusha's school.

They say that the girl was forbidden to go to Nizhny Novgorod. There is dirt, an always drunk mother, always some kind of men. But Ksyusha was drawn to her older half-sister, 16-year-old Angelina. Yes, and she, of course, loved her mother - after all, she was a kindred soul. Only now, in the six years of a child's education at school, a woman came there twice, she could not call her daughter for six months.

It was her mother who brought her! - vying with each other assure the grandmother and the new mother of Ksyusha. - Imagine, she gave Ksenia a cheap Chinese phone, and a few days later operatives came and said that the phone was stolen. Our girl had to take him to Nizhny Novgorod herself, just on the eve of his death. She then became very nervous ...

By the way, on forums like the one that Ksyusha read, people are discussing how to get to the hospital so that your relatives will take pity on you and finally pay attention. The advice is absolutely wild: like "breathe a little gas and lose consciousness." Maybe the girl really despaired of getting the attention of her mother and tried to express how bad and lonely she was?

VERSION 3:

HEART ATTACK

The pressure pills that they talk about are really mine, but Ksyusha never drank them, - my grandmother is sure from the dad's side. - She carried them in her purse for me, reminded me to drink.

Relatives say that the girl has not been feeling well lately: constant headaches, her hand was taken away. While in the conclusion it is written that the cause of death is heart failure. But it developed from taking grandmother's pills or there were congenital health problems - it is not clear. The results of the examination, most likely, will have to wait at least a month. The republican department of the Investigative Committee is engaged in checking.

Drug poisoning is a fairly common problem in outpatient treatment.

It may occur for the following reasons:

Incorrect self-medication. Many people often neglect the advice of a qualified specialist, and try to cure the onset of the disease on their own. At the same time, a person without a medical education may prescribe the wrong dosage for himself, not take into account all the factors that led to a deterioration in health, or simply make a mistake with the diagnosis.
Random error. Often occurs if the patient has to independently control the intake of the drug. In this case, it is possible to overdose due to forgetfulness, or misuse a medical prescription due to poor vision. Most often, older people suffer from such errors.
Expired drug. It should be monitored, especially in the case of long-term medication. It is advisable not to throw away the packaging of the drug, as well as instructions for its use, until the end of the course of treatment.
Simultaneous use of incompatible drugs. Some medicines have the ability to enhance the effect of each other. When prescribing drugs, the doctor takes this circumstance into account; Manufacturers also write detailed information in the instructions, but errors still happen.
A perceived or actual suicide attempt. Taking a lot of drugs with a sleeping effect or any other can be used to commit suicide. At risk are adolescents, as well as people with various mental disorders.
Childish curiosity. If parents leave their first-aid kit unattended, or the drugs they take are in the public domain, a small child can try colored pills out of interest. At the same time, the consequences of intoxication can be much more serious due to weak children's immunity.

The complexity of drug poisoning is that it is usually not easy to determine the cause of a change in the patient's well-being - similar symptoms are also characteristic of food poisoning. Apart from the victim, no one knows what drugs were taken. In the meantime, the condition will rapidly deteriorate, and assistance must be provided immediately.

What drugs can poison

In general, poisoning can occur as a result of an overdose or inappropriate medication. Misuse will lead to poisoning only when a potent drug has been taken, and the effect it has is significant for the whole organism. At the same time, adverse consequences are also possible due to the lack of really necessary medical care.

With the excess of the permissible number of tablets, things are a little different. The symptoms of a drug overdose depend on whether the overdose was a one-time or regular overdose. Specialists in this case distinguish between acute or chronic poisoning. In acute intoxication, the symptoms will be pronounced, and the deterioration in well-being will be sharp; chronic is characterized by blurred symptoms and the complexity of diagnosing.

The greatest threat to health and life is poisoning with drugs of the following groups:

antihistamines;
analgin and its derivatives;
antipyretic drugs;
hypnotic;
sedatives;
opiates;
drugs for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.

Their overdose poses the greatest threat to health, and can lead to serious consequences - even death.

Depending on the purpose of the drug taken, poisoning will be accompanied by the following symptoms:

Glycosides cause a slowing of the heartbeat and pulse, up to a complete stop. Severe intoxication is accompanied by delirium and disorder of the gastrointestinal tract.
Means with antipyretic action and analgin derivatives destabilize the work of the nervous system, changing the processes of inhibition and excitation. As a result, they have a vasodilating effect, which helps to reduce body temperature and excessive sweating. Possible painful weakness, dizziness, loss of consciousness, and with a significant overdose - coma, respiratory and cardiac arrest.
Aspirin and products containing this component in the composition provoke a sharp pain in the epigastric region, excessive salivation and shortness of breath. The patient has vomiting, fever, chills, and in case of severe intoxication, a violation of visual function and heart rhythm.
Sleeping pills taken in excessive amounts destabilize the nervous system. These processes are manifested by loss of consciousness, various paresis and paralysis. There may be difficulty breathing and impaired coordination of movements.
Antihistamines in case of overdose lead to painful weakness, a sharp dilation of the pupils, nervous excitement and hallucinations. Loratadine, a popular allergy drug, causes headache, drowsiness, and tachycardia.
An overdose of tranquilizers causes depression of the central nervous system, impaired respiratory function, convulsions and tremors. The victim has impaired vision, speech, hallucinations occur.
Excessive use of penicillin changes the smell of the skin and breath - they acquire an aroma reminiscent of horse sweat.
Belladonna tincture, or atropine, dilates the pupils, causing dry mouth and a feverish flush. No-shpa and papaverine lead to similar symptoms.
Of particular danger is antibiotic poisoning: symptoms include fever up to 39-40 degrees, headache, confusion, nausea and vomiting. Perhaps a disorder of the stool, destabilization of blood pressure, increased heart rate, aching muscles and joints. Some groups of antibiotics have a specific effect. Tetracycline provokes itching and pain in the right hypochondrium, and aminoglycosides cause hearing loss. Sulfonamides can provoke the appearance of renal failure, accompanied by acute and severe pain in the lumbar region. In some cases, there are problems with urination, fever and an itchy skin rash.
Discoloration of the skin is a common occurrence in drug poisoning. Exceeding the dosage of boric acid is accompanied by redness, iodine - blanching, and preparations based on bromine lead to a brown tint.

An overdose of any narcotic drugs is characterized by disorientation, drowsiness, dizziness, loss of consciousness. Violation of the rhythm of breathing, blanching of the skin, the appearance of a cyanotic tint of the lips. In rare cases, poisoning is accompanied by nausea and vomiting, low blood pressure and coma.

Pill poisoning: what to do at home, emergency care

The main rule in case of drug overdose is an immediate response. If you suspect that someone close to you has been poisoned, or if you feel a sharp deterioration after taking medication, immediately call an ambulance.

Before the arrival of the medical team, do the following:

Find out the amount and name of the drug taken. If you personally were poisoned, it is better to write down this information and leave it in a conspicuous place, since loss of consciousness is not ruled out. If possible, call someone (family, friends, neighbors) for help.
If no more than half an hour has passed since taking the medicine, it is necessary. To do this, the victim is given to drink a large amount of warm liquid (water, tea, herbal infusion) and press the fingers on the root of the tongue. 30 minutes after taking the drugs, this measure will no longer be effective: most of the components of drugs are quickly absorbed into the blood.
Provide the patient with plenty of fluids. Especially useful are drinks that envelop the mucous membrane - jelly, rice water. They interfere with the absorption of many drugs. The benefits of milk in case of poisoning, according to doctors, are debatable: it can help only in some cases, but fat-soluble toxins will be absorbed faster.
Part of the toxic substances can be removed with the help of enterosorbents - activated or white carbon, Polysorb, Smecta, or any others. Be sure to tell your doctor about taking any medications, as they can lubricate the symptoms.
A cold compress, an ice pack, a bag of frozen food, or a wet towel placed on your forehead will constrict capillaries and help protect your brain from the effects of toxins.

It is possible to apply all the above first aid measures only when the person is conscious.

If the patient is unconscious, these actions are prohibited. We can only provide the following assistance:

Check the victim's mouth for any remaining tablets. Found medicines should be carefully removed and subsequently transferred to doctors.
Lay the patient in a horizontal position, turning his head to one side. When vomiting occurs, this will not allow the patient to choke. Forcibly inducing vomiting is prohibited.
Pull the tongue out and fix it in such a position that the person does not choke on it accidentally. It is tied with gauze or bandage to a tablespoon or any similar object.
Monitor the condition of the victim, and if breathing or cardiac activity stops, take urgent resuscitation measures (indirect heart massage, artificial respiration).

What not to do in case of poisoning

When drug poisoning is prohibited:

induce vomiting in case of a violation of cardiac activity - the risk of heart attack or ischemia is high;
gastric lavage during pregnancy, or before the age of 5 years;
drink sparkling water;
take additional drugs, in addition to enterosorbents - a combination of several medications will only worsen the patient's condition;
leave the victim unattended.

Lethal doses of pills

Quite harmless drugs available on the market can lead to death:

Phenazepam is a sedative and hypnotic drug often used in the treatment of alcohol dependence. The lethal dosage depends on many concomitant factors - the state of the liver, kidneys and heart, combination with alcohol. The duration of taking phenazepam also affects - over time, the patient develops addiction, so that the damage of an overdose will not be so detrimental to the body.
Analgin - the most popular anti-inflammatory drug can be fatal if taken in more than 5 grams. This is an average value that varies depending on the patient's body weight and general condition.
Drotaverine is a common antispasmodic used as an anesthetic for gastric colic, dysmenorrhea and other diseases. Death occurs after taking 40-60 tablets.
Clonidine (capressin, clonidine and other trade names) is a drug for lowering blood pressure, treating migraine and dysmenorrhea. Often used for criminal purposes - in combination with alcohol, it has a hypnotic effect and can be fatal; the dosage in this case depends on the individual characteristics of the organism.
Amitriptyline is an antidepressant with a sedative and hypnotic effect. It is often used to stabilize the mental state, treat neurosis and depression of various etiologies. The lethal dose is individual, the joint use in combination with alcohol increases the risk to the life of the victim. The danger of the drug is that patients taking it already suffer from mental disorders and may be prone to suicidal thoughts.

Consequences of drug overdose

The victim is prescribed a special diet, put on droppers, conduct laboratory tests to assess the condition of all organs and systems. Particular attention is paid to the kidneys, liver, central nervous system and gastrointestinal tract.

Doctors use the means of the opposite effect, and also carry out symptomatic therapy. Some medicines have antidotes that can minimize the effects of toxins. For most pain relievers, this antidote is acetylcysteine, but its self-administration at home is not recommended. In a serious condition of the patient, hemodialysis may be prescribed to him.

After rehabilitation, most functions are restored, but serious consequences are possible. So, an overdose of antibiotics can provoke hearing loss for a significant period. The results of such intoxication depend on the speed of first aid, the state of health of the patient and the number of pills he has taken.

In case of drug poisoning, an investigation is mandatory, and substitution drugs are prescribed to the patient. If a suicide attempt is confirmed, the patient needs psychological and psychiatric help.

What pills can be poisoned? Any medications, if used improperly, can lead to severe poisoning and intoxication. In severe cases, instant death can occur. This article discusses an overdose of fatal pills, symptoms of poisoning with various drugs, methods of first aid, components of treatment in a hospital setting.

Reasons for the development of drug poisoning

Drug overdose can develop for many reasons. It most often develops in people who take drugs without consulting a doctor or change their dosage without permission. Below are the main reasons why pill poisoning can develop.

Self-medication, taking drugs that are not agreed with the attending physician. Sometimes people drink drugs on the advice of friends, neighbors, relatives.
Taking large doses of the drug in critical or emergency situations. For example, with an increase in body temperature, people, trying to bring it down quickly, drink large doses of drugs, combine them with each other. Such uncontrolled use of drugs often leads to fatal poisoning.
A person taking drugs that are contraindicated for him due to age or health status. For example, the drug aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) is deadly for children, it causes Reye's syndrome in them and leads to rapid death from internal bleeding.
A fatal overdose of pills can develop in children who have eaten pills left by adults. Kids love to taste everything, they are interested in everything. All medicines that are at home should be kept out of the reach of children.
An overdose of drugs for the purpose of suicide (suicide). Most often, people use sleeping pills and tranquilizers for this purpose. From them comes a relatively easy death from an overdose.
Drug poisoning due to taking them together with alcoholic beverages.
Dangerous drug combination. In the instructions for the drugs, you should carefully read the list of drugs with which they cannot be combined.
Intentional murder. Medicines can deliberately poison a person. Some drugs in large doses are potent poisons for humans.

Please note that for each person, the lethal dosage of any drug is purely individual. It depends on the weight and age of the person, whether he has any diseases.

Features of the clinical picture in case of drug overdose

Anyone can get poisoned by pills to death. Death is possible with a certain dose of any drug. Below we will look at the symptoms of poisoning by the most common medications.

Sleeping pills, sedatives

Sleeping pills and sedatives are dangerous to human life. You can get an overdose of them unintentionally, during some kind of stressful situation. A person, wanting to calm down or fall asleep after an emotional overstrain, may take a large dose of the drug, striving for a quick effect of the drug.

Strong sedatives and hypnotics include:

bubbled;
phenobarbital;
bromital;
medinal;
teraligen;
barbital.

These substances, getting into the digestive system, are quickly absorbed and act. They can cause the death of a person in 15-30 minutes. The following are the symptoms that develop with an overdose of sleeping pills.

Increased drowsiness, weakness and lethargy. At the initial stage of poisoning, you can still establish contact with a person, talk, ask him something. Then deep sleep develops, in severe cases - coma. As a rule, when poisoned by these drugs, people die in their sleep.
A decrease in all reflexes develops due to depression of the central nervous system.
Hyperthermia. For poisoning with sleeping pills, a rise in body temperature up to 40 degrees is characteristic.
Perhaps the development of vomiting in a dream. Due to a decrease in the severity of the swallowing and gag reflex, aspiration of vomit into the respiratory tract may occur and respiratory arrest may develop.
Slow breathing. The person begins to breathe slowly and shallowly, with a frequency of less than 10 breaths per minute. This change is associated with inhibition of the respiratory center in the brain. When poisoned with sleeping pills, you can die from respiratory arrest.
Bradycardia (slow heart rate) and hypotension (low blood pressure).
Perhaps the development of seizures and hallucinations.

tranquilizers

Severe overdose of tranquilizers often results in death. These drugs act on the central and peripheral nervous system, as well as on breathing and heart function. Tranquilizers are taken strictly according to the prescription, and even a slight deviation from the dosage prescribed by the doctor can cause poisoning. Below is a list of drugs in this group:

elenium;
napoton;
seduxen;
diazepam;
oxazepam;
tazepam;
eunoctin;
librium;
radedorm.

The clinical picture of poisoning with tranquilizers is the same as with poisoning with sleeping pills.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the most commonly used drugs. These drugs include:

paracetamol (efferalgan, panadol);
acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin);
analgin;
ibuprofen (nurofen);
ketorolac (ketanov, ketolong);
nimesulide (nimesil);
indomethacin.

The drugs in this group have analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. Some reduce body temperature (paracetamol, ibuprofen). Aspirin is used to thin the blood.

Poisoning not to death with NSAIDs most often develops as a result of an overdose in order to accelerate their action. For example, feeling severe pain, a person takes a larger amount of medicine.

Please note that when children use acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin), rapid death can develop. Children do not have the enzyme to process this drug. They develop Reye's syndrome. Therefore, this drug is strictly prohibited for children.

Symptoms of poisoning with NSAID drugs resemble intestinal poisoning. The patient has a stomach ache, vomiting and diarrhea, general weakness, dizziness. It is also possible a decrease in body temperature, the development of hand trembling, the appearance of a feeling of anxiety and restlessness. By themselves, drugs in this group rarely lead to death. Dangerous are the complications that can be triggered by taking these drugs in high dosages, namely:

gastrointestinal bleeding. All NSAIDs irritate the gastric mucosa and duodenum. If you drink a lot of these drugs, damage to the integrity of the vascular wall in the submucosal ball of these organs may develop. Gastrointestinal bleeding is manifested by dark vomiting, black stools (chalky), pallor and blue of the skin, severe weakness, drowsiness, rapid pulse and lower blood pressure. A person may die due to large blood loss;
acute pancreatitis is a non-infectious inflammation of the pancreas, in which necrotic death of its tissues develops. This pathology can be caused by an overdose of NSAIDs. The patient develops severe girdle pain in the abdomen, nausea, vomiting, flatulence and diarrhea. Small purple hemorrhagic spots may appear on the skin of the abdomen. Body temperature rises to 39 degrees. This disease without surgical intervention is fatal;
Acute liver failure can develop as a result of taking a large number of drugs that the liver is not able to neutralize. The patient's skin, mucous membranes and sclera of the eyes turn yellow, pain appears in the right hypochondrium. Consciousness may be impaired. Death may occur due to liver failure;
kidney failure, in which the kidneys are unable to cope with their function and purify the blood. This pathology can occur with toxic damage to nephrons (structural units of the kidneys) with anti-inflammatory drugs.

Antibiotics

Antibiotics are drugs that are widely used in the treatment of bacterial infections. They are appointed by a doctor who negotiates with the patient the rules for both admission and dosing.

The table below shows the features of the clinical picture with an overdose of various antibacterial agents.

The name of the group of antibacterial drugs and drugs	Symptoms and signs
Penicillins, cephalosporins (amoxil, ceftriaxone, cefodox)	nausea, vomiting and diarrhea; attacks of general convulsions (as in an epileptic seizure); redness and itching of the skin (acute urticaria); arrhythmia (due to an imbalance of potassium in the blood); mental agitation or falling into a stupor.
Tetracycline	severe pain in the stomach; nausea, profuse vomiting; arrhythmia; convulsions; angioedema.
Levomycetin	nausea and vomiting; headache; anorexia (lack of appetite); heartburn; diarrhea; When using this drug in large doses, the development of acute cardiovascular insufficiency is possible.
Fluoroquinolones	kidney failure (edema, decreased amount of urine) disruption of the heart, breathing; fainting, impaired consciousness.

Antihistamines

Antihistamines are used for allergic pathologies. They can be prescribed for allergic dermatitis, urticaria, atopic dermatitis, etc. These drugs block the production of histamine, the main mediator that triggers allergic reactions. Some drugs also have a mild sedative effect. When treating them, a person is forbidden to drive a car.

The drugs in this group include:

loratadine;
suprastin;
diphenhydramine;
diazolin;
pipolfen.

Symptoms of poisoning with antihistamines appear in 15-30 minutes. With a lethal dose, a person can die within an hour.

With an overdose of antihistamines, the nervous system is primarily affected. Symptoms of poisoning with these drugs include:

feeling of severe dryness in the mouth and eyes, thirst;
increase in body temperature up to 38-39 degrees;
nausea followed by vomiting;
first, a general excitation develops, which sharply changes with lethargy;
hand trembling;
convulsions of the type of epilepsy;
tachycardia, possibly a violation of the heart rhythm;
change in blood pressure, at first it rises sharply, and then also quickly decreases to critical numbers;
incoordination, staggering;
increased drowsiness;
gradual falling into a deep coma.

Drugs to lower blood pressure

Heart pill poisoning is very common in the general population. With a heart attack or a sharp rise in blood pressure, a person can take many different drugs, fearing for his life.

Also, an overdose of such drugs can develop in older people who can forget that they took the drug and take it again.

Please note that when taking beta-blockers (for example, anaprilin) by people who suffer from bronchial asthma, rapid death may develop.

Names of popular antihypertensive drugs:

captopril;
lozap;
enalapril;
amiodarone;
anaprilin;
magnesium sulfate;
metoprolol;
nebivolol;
nifedipine.

In case of poisoning with antihypertensive drugs, the patient's blood pressure drops sharply, nausea and vomiting may develop, and consciousness is disturbed. This condition is deadly, it can lead to respiratory arrest and heartbeat.

What to do in case of drug overdose

At the slightest suspicion of an overdose of any drug, you should urgently call an ambulance. By phone, inform the dispatcher about what happened, list the symptoms of the patient and accurately name your location.

Remember that trying to cure a person of a drug overdose on your own is very dangerous. He may die in your arms and there is nothing you can do to help him. In order not to endanger his life, immediately seek medical help.

What to do while waiting for doctors? The arrival time of the ambulance team depends on many factors (for example, traffic congestion, the availability of free doctors at the time of the call). While waiting for the ambulance crew, you need to start providing first aid to the poisoned person at home. It is from her that the prognosis for the life of the patient may depend. Below are its main components.

In order to clear the stomach of the rest of the drugs you have drunk, you need to drink a liter of water in one gulp and provoke vomiting. For best results, repeat this wash several times.

This procedure is not carried out when:

disturbed consciousness of the patient;
the appearance of black or bloody vomiting.

It is not necessary to add potassium permanganate solution or any other components to the gastric lavage solution. You cannot know what chemical reaction they will enter into with the drugs that poisoned the person.

Cleansing enema

An enema is made on the basis of ordinary boiled water. The temperature of the bowel lavage fluid should be neutral (room temperature).

Sorbents

These drugs will help bind and flush out any medications that are left in the digestive tract.

Sorbents that are taken in liquid form act faster (for example, smectite or atoxyl). But if you don’t have these at home, give the patient any other sorbent, even activated charcoal will do.

Before you give a person to drink the drug, read the dosing rules that are listed in the instructions for it.

Drink

The liquid will reduce the concentration of the drug in the blood and accelerate its excretion by the kidneys, reduce dehydration. You can drink mineral water or plain water, tea with sugar.

Actions in case of loss of consciousness

If the patient loses consciousness, you need to monitor him until the arrival of the doctors so that he does not choke on vomit or his tongue. Turn his head to the side, in this position the risk of aspiration is minimal.

To improve blood flow to the head and heart, lift his legs and fix them in this position.

Before the arrival of doctors, monitor the presence of his pulse and breathing. If they stop, start an indirect closed heart massage.

What to do with the development of seizures

The only thing you can do is hold the person's head so that he does not hit her on the floor.

Remember that a person during a convulsive attack should not put anything in his mouth, especially his fingers.

medical treatment

Doctors from the ambulance, having arrived at the call, will conduct a quick examination and assessment of the condition of the poisoned person. Show them the drug that he took, and as accurately as possible name the number of pills he took. You should also describe the amount of assistance that you yourself managed to provide to the victim.

Medics will try to stabilize the condition of the victim and take him to the nearest hospital. In case of drug poisoning, treatment is carried out in the condition of the toxicological department. Patients in critical condition are hospitalized in the intensive care unit (reanimation).

Treatment may include hemodialysis, antidotes, drips, and respiratory and cardiac support. What will happen to a person and what result to expect from treatment, only a doctor can say after examining the patient and an objective assessment of his condition.

Drug poisoning can be fatal. Treatment of this condition is carried out in a hospital setting. The prognosis depends on the amount of the drug taken, the active substance, the timeliness of seeking medical help. It is impossible to treat a drug overdose on your own.

Now there are many different drugs for the treatment of almost all common diseases. However, in addition to helping you heal, medications can also be harmful. So, it all depends on individual sensitivity, the chemical composition of the drug, its dosage and proper storage. Violation of at least one indicator can provoke intoxication of the body or even death.

Overdose of drugs- this is a frequent occurrence, which is an acute clinical situation. In addition, you need to understand that intoxication can occur from absolutely any drug if you exceed the dose. Often, overdose occurs from drugs such as CNS stimulants, sedative and sleeping pills, and antidepressants.

Firstly, before taking this or that medicine, you should always carefully study the leaflet with the instructions. Particular attention should be paid to contraindications and side effects.

Secondly, always listen to the advice of a doctor, since it is he who can choose the optimal dosage of the drug. In addition, it is necessary to take into account the fact that it is strictly forbidden for children to give pills that are designed for the body of an adult.

Third, you should always follow the rules for taking drugs, as you can disrupt the pharmacological action of the tablets.

Fourth always complete the full course of treatment. Many patients believe that if the state of health has improved, then treatment can be stopped. However, this is an erroneous opinion.

Fifth, pay attention to the terms of storage of tablets. Taking expired medicines or counterfeit drugs is risking your health.

At sixth Take the tablets with pure water only.

Overdose of prescription drugs

Such medicines can be divided into several groups:

Overdose of over-the-counter drugs

It is necessary to highlight intoxication with drugs that are on sale. The list of such drugs includes the following:

Aspirin. This medication is very often used in self-medication, but few people know that it can cause death.
Paracetamol. A lethal dose of paracetamol can destroy brain cells and cause severe intoxication.
Loperamide. Few people know that these pills can be addictive and have many other unpleasant side effects.

Overdose of which pills can cause death?

From what pills can you die?

First, it's phenazepam. This medicine can have a detrimental effect on mental processes. The lethal dose of phenazepam directly depends on the concomitant factors. So, phenazepam is absolutely incompatible with alcohol and can be addictive.

Secondly, it is analgin. This drug is one of the most popular anti-inflammatory drugs. The lethal dose of analgin can be about 5 grams. However, weight and individual intolerance must always be taken into account. Often death occurs due to severe infectious complications that are very difficult to treat. Sometimes an overdose of analgin can manifest itself through acute renal failure or through hemorrhage.

Third is amitriptyline. The simultaneous use of amitriptyline and alcohol can cause acute poisoning. And as a result, a person can die due to respiratory arrest or heart failure.

Fourthly, it is drotaverine. Drotaverine poisoning can lead to complications and death. The lethal dose is 40-60 tablets, depending on the individual characteristics of the person.

How can you tell if a person is overdosing?

Symptoms of an overdose or poisoning directly depend on which medicine was taken. The main symptoms include:

Nausea and vomiting;
Abdominal pain and disorders;
convulsions;
dizziness;
hallucinations.

Such reactions are caused by an overdose of painkillers or paracetamol.

First aid

In case of poisoning and drug overdose, it is very important to competently provide first aid, since not only health, but also human life depends on it. First of all need to call "emergency", while indicating how old the victim is and what medicine the patient took.

Next comes lavage the stomach and, if possible, induce vomiting in the victim. Such measures will help prevent the active substance from entering the mucous membranes. Activated charcoal can be used to cleanse the stomach. And in order to eliminate the manifestation of poisoning with sleeping pills or sedatives, you can use ordinary tea.

What are the consequences of an overdose?

In addition to the fatal outcome, there may be many more other unpleasant consequences. So, severe intoxication can deal a heavy blow to vital organs. And if the overdose was intentional, then a consultation session with a psychiatrist will be needed, which will help to understand the reasons for such an act and prevent re-poisoning.