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Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic acid). Acetylsalicylic acid: instructions for use

| Acidum acetylsalicylicum

Analogues (generics, synonyms)

Recipe

Rp.: Acid acetylsalicylici 0.5

D.t. d. No. 10 in tab.

S.: 1 tab. 3-4 times a day after meals.

pharmachologic effect

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent. It has an anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic effect, and also inhibits platelet aggregation. The mechanism of action is associated with the inhibition of the activity of cyclooxygenase, the main enzyme of the metabolism of arachidonic acid, which is a precursor of prostaglandins, which play a major role in the pathogenesis of inflammation, pain and fever.

The analgesic effect of acetylsalicylic acid is due to two mechanisms: peripheral (indirectly, through the suppression of prostaglandin synthesis) and central (due to inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis in the central and peripheral nervous system). Due to the decrease in the production of prostaglandins, their influence on the centers of thermoregulation decreases. Irreversible violation of the synthesis of thromboxane A2 in platelets determines the antiplatelet effect of acetylsalicylic acid. In high doses, acetylsalicylic acid inhibits the synthesis of prothrombin in the liver and increases prothrombin time.

Mode of application

Acetylsalicylic acid is taken orally, after a meal, with a large amount of liquid - water.
For pain syndrome, adults are recommended to take 250-500 mg / day (1 / 2-1 tablet) 3-6 times / day. The interval between doses should be at least 4 hours. The maximum single dose is 1000 mg, the maximum daily dose is 3000 mg.
Children over 16 years of age in a single dose of 250 mg (1/2 tablet) 2 times / day, the maximum daily dose is 750 mg.
As an antipyretic, it is prescribed at a body temperature of more than 38.5 ° C (in patients with a history of febrile convulsions - at a temperature of more than 37.5 ° C) at a dose of 500-1000 mg.
The duration of treatment (without consulting a doctor) should not exceed 5 days when prescribed as an anesthetic and more than 3 days as an antipyretic.

Indications

- pain syndrome of low and medium intensity of various etiologies (including headache - migraine, toothache, neuralgia, myalgia, joint pain, lumbago);
- fever (fever) with influenza, colds (ARVI) and other infectious and inflammatory diseases.

Contraindications

- hypersensitivity to salicylic acid, its derivatives or other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs;
- erosive and ulcerative lesions of the gastrointestinal tract in the acute stage of hemorrhagic diathesis
- predisposition to hemorrhage
- increased bleeding
bleeding disorder (hemophilia, von Willebrand disease)
- telangiectasia
- vitamin K deficiency
- thrombocytopenia, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, hypoprothrombinemia);
- nephrolithiasis, hyperuricemia;
- deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase;
- severe violations of the liver and kidneys;
- pronounced violations of the water-electrolyte balance and acid-base balance;
- pregnancy and lactation;
— children's age up to 16 years;
- taking methotrexate at a dose of 15 mg per week or more;
- gout and gouty arthritis. With caution in concomitant therapy with anticoagulants, hyperuremia, gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer.

Side effects

- nausea, loss of appetite, stomach pain;
- allergic reactions (skin rash, urticaria, Quincke's edema, Lyell's syndrome, bronchospasm, eosinophilia, anaphylactic shock, angioedema, "aspirin triad": a combination of bronchial asthma, recurrent polyposis of the nose and paranasal sinuses and intolerance to acetylsalicylic acid);
- Reye's syndrome;
- interstitial nephritis, papillary necrosis, nephrotic syndrome;
- thrombocytopenia, anemia, leukopenia;
- violations of the liver and kidneys, renal failure;
- dizziness, headache, tinnitus, hearing loss;
- erosive and ulcerative lesions of the mucous membrane of the stomach and duodenum, gastrointestinal bleeding;
- increased severity of heart failure;
- aseptic meningitis.

Release form

Tab. 500 mg: 10 pcs.
Tablets are white, round, with a flat-cylindrical surface, with a score on one side and a double-sided chamfer. 1 tab.
acetylsalicylic acid 500 mg
Excipients: potato starch, talc, citric acid monohydrate.
10 pieces. - blister packs (1) - cardboard boxes.

ATTENTION!

The information on the page you are viewing was created for informational purposes only and does not promote self-treatment in any way. The resource is intended to familiarize healthcare professionals with additional information about certain medicines, thereby increasing their level of professionalism. The use of the drug "" without fail provides for a consultation with a specialist, as well as his recommendations on the method of application and dosage of the medicine you have chosen.

CHAPTER 46 BASIC DOSAGE FORMS

Solid dosage forms

Tablets - a solid dosage form obtained by pressing medicinal substances, a mixture of medicinal and excipients or molding special masses, intended mainly for oral or sublingual administration.

Prescription examples:

Write out 10 tablets of acetylsalicylic acid (Acidum acetylsalicylicum) 500 mg for oral administration, 1 tablet 3 times a day after meals.

Rp.: Tabulettae Acidi acetylsalicylici 0.5

S. Take 1 tablet orally 3 times a day after meals. Write out 50 tablets

nikospan * (Nicospanum) for oral administration, 1 tablet 3 times a day after meals. Rp.: Tabuletta

Nicospanum N. 50

D.S. Take 1 tablet orally 3 times a day after meals.

Dragee is a solid dosage form for internal use, obtained by repeated layering of medicinal and excipients on sugar granules (grains).

Prescription example:

Write out 50 tablets of chlorpromazine (Chlorpromazinum) 100 mg for oral administration, 1 tablet 3

times a day after meals. Rp.: Dragee Chlorpromazini 0.1

S. Take orally 1 tablet 3 times a day after meals.

Powders - a solid dosage form for internal and external use, consisting of one or more crushed substances and having the property of flowability.

Capsules - a dosage form consisting of a drug enclosed in a shell.

Prescription examples:

Write out 20 g of the smallest powder of streptocidum (Streptocidum) for application to the wound surface. Rp.: Streptocidi subtilissimi 20.0 D.S. Apply to the wound surface.

Write out a powder consisting of zinc oxide (Zinci oxydum) and talc (Talcum) 10 g each as a powder on the affected skin 2 times a day.

Rp.: Zinci oxydi

M.f. pulvis subtilissimus.

D.S. Sprinkle on the affected areas of the skin 2 times a day.

Write out 30 g of magnesium oxide (Magnesii oxydum) for oral administration in 1/4 teaspoon 1 hour after meals as a suspension in 1/3 cup of warm water.

Rp.: Magnesii oxydi 30.0

D.S. Take orally 1/4 teaspoon 1 hour after meals as a suspension in 1/3 cup warm water.

Write out 10 powders in wax paper, 500 mg of analgin (Analginum) for oral administration, 1 powder for headache.

Rp.: Analgini 0.5

D.t. d. N. 10 in charta cerata

Write out 30 gelatin capsules with oxacillin sodium * (Oxacillinum-natrium) 250 mg for oral administration 1 capsule 4 times a day 2 hours before meals.

Rp.: Oxacillini-natrii 0.25

D.t. d. N. 30 in capsulis gelatinosis

S. Take orally 1 capsule 4 times a day 2 hours before meals. Write out 30 powders of ascorbic acid (Acidum ascorbicum) 50 mg for oral administration, 1 powder 3 times a day. Rp.: Acidi ascorbinici 0.05 Sacchari 0.3 M. f. pulvis

S. Take 1 powder by mouth 3 times a day.

Write out 10 powders containing 200 mg of analgin (Analginum) and paracetamol (Paracetamolum) for oral administration, 1 powder for headache.

Paracetamoli aa 0.2

S. Take 1 powder by mouth for headaches.

Soft dosage forms

Ointments are soft dosage forms that have a viscous consistency and are prescribed for external use.

Write out 10 g of an ointment containing 0.25% oxolin (Oxolinum) for application to the nasal mucosa 2 times a day. Rp.: Unguenti Oxolini 0.25% - 10.0

D.S. Apply to the nasal mucosa 2 times a day. Write out 10 g of an ointment containing 0.1 g of menthol (Mentholum) and 0.2 g of Protargol (Protargolum) for application to the nasal mucosa.

Rp.: Mentholi 0.1

Protargoli 0.2 Vaselini ad 10.0 M. f. unguentum

D. S. Apply to the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity. Pastes are varieties of ointments with a powder content of at least 25%.

Prescription example:

Write out 50 g of a paste containing 5 g of anesthesin (Anaesthesinum) and salicylic acid (Acidum salicylicum) for application to the affected areas of the skin.

Rp.: Anaesthesini

Acidi salicylici aa 5.0

Amyli 10.0 Vaselini ad 50.0

Suppositories are dosage forms that are solid at room temperature and melt or dissolve at body temperature.

There are rectal suppositories (candles) - suppositoria rectalia, vaginal - suppositoria vaginalia.

Prescription examples:

Write out 20 vaginal suppositories containing 250,000 units of nystatin (Nystatinum), for use 1 suppository 2 times a day.

Rp.: Suppositorium cum Nystatino 250,000 IU

S. 1 suppository 2 times a day.

Write out 10 rectal suppositories containing 250 mg of anesthesin (Anaesthesinum) for use, 1 suppository at night.

Rp.: Anaesthesia 0.25

M.f. suppository rectal

S. 1 suppository at night.

Liquid dosage forms

Solutions are a liquid dosage form obtained by dissolving a medicinal substance (solid or liquid) in a liquid (solvent).

Prescription examples:

Write out 200 ml of calcium chloride solution (Calcii chloridum; single dose - 1 g) for oral administration, 1 dessert spoon 3 times a day. Rp.: Solutionis Calcii chloridi 10% - 200 ml. D.S.

Take 1 dessert spoon 3 times a day.

Calculation:

A single dose of calcium chloride (1 g - 1.0) should be received in one dessert spoon (10 ml). To find the concentration of the solution as a percentage, a proportion should be drawn up: 1.0 - 10 ml

x - 100 ml; x = 10.0 (i.e. 10%).

Drops occupy a special place among liquid dosage forms in terms of the concentration of substances and the method of dosing, they can be administered both internally and externally.

Prescription example:

Write out 10 ml of a solution of haloperidol (Haloperidolum; single dose - 1 mg) for oral administration, 10 drops 3 times a day. Rp.: Solutionis Haloperidoli 0.2% - 10 ml D. S. Take orally 10 drops 3 times a day.

Calculation:

A single dose (1 mg - 0.001) should be received in 10 drops (i.e. 0.5 ml, since 1 ml of an aqueous solution contains 20 drops). To find the percentage concentration of the solution, we compose the proportion:

0.001 - 0.5 ml

x - 100 ml; x = 0.2 (i.e. 0.2%).

Examples of prescribing solutions for external use: Write out 500 ml of a 0.02% solution of furacilin(Furacilinum) for gargling 3 times a day.

Rp.: Solutionis Furacilini 0.02% - 500 ml D. S. Gargle 3 times a day.

Write out 100 ml of a 1% alcohol solution of salicylic acid (Acidum salicylicum) for application to the affected areas of the skin.

Rp.: Solutionis Acidi salicylici spirituosae 1% - 100 ml

D.S. Apply to the affected areas of the skin.

Write out 100 ml of a 10% oily solution of camphor (Camphora) to rub the affected joint.

Rp.: Solutionis Camphorae oleosae 10% - 100 ml

D.S. Rub the affected joint.

Write out 10 ml of a 0.25% solution of zinc sulfate (Zinci sulfas) for instillation, 2 drops 3 times a day in both eyes.

Rp.: Solutionis Zinci sulfatis 0.25% - 10 ml

D.S. Instill 2 drops 3 times a day in both eyes.

Note: since all eye drops are sterilized, the prescription can be omitted

"Sterilisetur!"

Tinctures are a liquid dosage form, which is often an alcoholic, transparent extract from medicinal plant materials, obtained without heating and removing the extractant.

Prescription example:

Write out 30 ml of tincture of valerian (Valeriana) for oral administration, 30 drops 3 times a day.

Rp.: Tincturae Valerianae 30 ml

D.S. Take 30 drops orally 3 times a day.

Extracts - dosage form, which is a concentrated extract from medicinal plant materials, intended for internal or external use.

Prescription examples:

Write out 30 ml of liquid buckthorn (Frangula) bark extract for oral administration, 30 drops at night.

Rp.: Extracti Frangulae fluidi 30 ml

D.S. Take 30 drops orally at night.

Write out 10 powders of rhubarb root extract (Rheum) dry 500 mg for oral administration, 1 powder 2 times a day before meals.

Rp.: Extracti Rhei sicci 0.5

S. Take 1 powder by mouth 3 times daily before meals. Infusions and decoctions are aqueous extracts from medicinal raw materials that differ in the extraction mode. Prescription examples:

Write out an infusion of herb Adonis vernalis (Adonis vernalis) at a concentration of 1:30 for oral administration, 1 tablespoon 3 times a day.

Rp.: Infusi herbae Adonidis vernalis 6.0 - 180 ml

D.S. Take orally 1 tablespoon 3 times a day.

Write out 200 ml of decoction of oak bark (Quercus) at a concentration of 1:10 for gargling AND a glass of warmed decoction 3 times a day.

Rp.: Decocti corticis Quercus 200 ml

D. S. Gargle And a glass of warmed decoction 3 times a day.

Note: when the concentration of infusion or decoction is 1:10, their concentration can be omitted.

Medicines - a liquid dosage form, which is a mixture of various liquid or liquid and solid medicines.

Prescription examples:

Write out a mixture containing caffeine-sodium benzoate (Coffeinum-natrii benzoas; single dose - 100 mg) and sodium bromide (Natrii bromidum; single dose - 500 mg) for oral administration, 1 tablespoon 3 times a day for 4 days.

Rp.: Coffeini-natrii benzoatis 1.2

Sodium bromide 6.0

Aquae destillatae ad 180 ml

M.D.S. Take orally 1 tablespoon 3 times a day. Calculation: The total amount of the medicine is 15 ml (tablespoon volume) * 3 (number of doses per day) * 4 (number of days) =

Caffeine-sodium benzoate should be taken: 0.1 - 15 ml (1 tablespoon)

X - 180 ml (total volume of the mixture); x = 1.2.

Sodium bromide should be taken: 0.5 - 15 ml.

x - 180 ml; x = 6.0.

Write out a mixture consisting of 180 ml of spring Adonis vernalis herb infusion (Adonis vernalis) at a concentration of 1:30 with the addition of sodium bromide (Natrii bromidum; a single dose of 300 mg), for oral administration, 1 tablespoon 3 times a day.

Rp.: Infusi herbae Adonidis vernalis

Sodium bromide 3.6

M.D.S. Take orally 1 tablespoon 3 times a day.

Note: if a decoction or infusion is included in the mixture, then the infusion or decoction is first prescribed according to the established rules, and then the medicinal substance is added in a dose calculated for the volume of the infusion (or decoction).

Calculation: a single dose of sodium bromide (300 mg - 0.3) should be received in 1 tablespoon (15 ml). The total number of doses (180 ml ÷ 15 ml) is 12.

The total amount of sodium bromide required to prepare the mixture will be: single dose χ number of doses, i.e. 0.3 χ 12 = 3.6.

Dosage forms for injection

Dosage forms for injection- a separate group of dosage forms for parenteral administration (under the skin, into the muscle, into the vein, etc.).

Prescription examples:

Write out 3 ampoules of 1 ml of a 2% solution of Promedol (Promedolum; a single dose of 20 mg) for subcutaneous administration. Rp.: Solutionis Promedoli 2% - 1 ml D. t. d. N. 3 in ampullis S. Inject 1 ml subcutaneously.

Write out 3 bottles of insulin (Insulinum) containing 5 ml of the drug with an activity of 40 IU per 1 ml. Assign subcutaneously, 12 IU before breakfast, 18 IU before lunch, 6 IU before dinner.

Rp.: Insulini 5 ml (and 40 IU - 1 ml)

S. Administer subcutaneously 12 units before breakfast, 18 units before lunch, 6 units before dinner.

Write out 30 vials containing 500 mg of streptomycin sulfate (Streptomycini sulfas) for intramuscular injection of 500 mg 2 times a day. Before use, dissolve the contents of the vial in 3 ml of a 0.5% solution of novocaine. Rp.: Streptomycini sulfatis 0.5

S. Before use, dissolve the contents of the vial in 3 ml of a 0.5% novocaine solution. Enter intramuscularly 2 times a day. Rp.: Solutionis Novocaini 0.5% - 5 ml D. t. d. N. 30 in ampullis S. For dissolving streptomycin.

Dosage forms for inhalation

Aerosols are aerodisperse systems in which the dispersion medium is air, gas or a mixture of gases, and the dispersed phase is particles of solid or liquid substances.

Prescription example:

Prescribe 1 pack of efatin* (Ephatinum) aerosol. Assign for inhalation 2 doses 3 times a day. Rp.: Aerosolum "Ephatinum" N.1 D.S. Inhale 2 doses 3 times a day.

Acetylsalicylic acid is an agent that has a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect. The medicine eliminates high fever and pain, reduces platelet aggregation. Find out how to use the drug, in what quantities to use and what helps acetylsalicylic acid - detailed instructions for use contain all the necessary information.

pharmachologic effect

The tool prevents the synthesis of prostaglandins, which are involved in inflammatory processes, contribute to the appearance of pain and fever. As a result of a significant decrease in the amount of prostaglandins, the vessels dilate, which contributes to increased sweating. So the drug has an antipyretic effect.

When using the medication, the nerve endings become less sensitive to pain. The drug is taken orally, the maximum level of the active substance in the blood is reached in a short time - after 10-20 minutes. The level of salicylate, which occurs as a result of the metabolism that has occurred, rises within two hours. The excretion of the components of the drug is carried out by the kidneys. Partial excretion is carried out 20 minutes after taking the drug, salicylate is partially removed from the body after 2 hours.

Release form and composition

Acetylsalicylic acid is available in tablets. The composition is represented by a different amount of active substance - 100, 250, 50 mg, supplemented with citric acid and potato starch.

Aspirin and Analgin

Many are interested in whether aspirin is acetylsalicylic acid or not? Is acetylsalicylic acid aspirin or analgin? Aspirin is a derivative of salicylic acid. Acetylsalicylic acid, often referred to as aspirin, was obtained by replacing one hydroxyl group. Therefore, analgin is a completely different drug.

What does acetylsalicylic acid help with?

For decades, aspirin has been the most popular drug in the world.

The medicine is prescribed when:

fever;
rheumatoid arthritis;
rheumatic fever, occurring in an acute form;
Dressler's syndrome;
rheumatic chorea;
a heart attack in which the lungs are affected;
acute thrombophlebitis;
headaches, including migraines;
osteoarthritis;
neuralgia;
various pain sensations - with diseases of the teeth, with menstruation, accompanied by discomfort; pain in muscles and joints;
diseases of the spine, accompanied by syndromes, the list is represented by osteochondrosis, sciatica, lumbago;
myocardial infarction, ischemic heart disease, atrial fibrillation, thromboembolism (used for prevention).

Contraindications and side effects

Contraindications to the use of the drug are presented by a list that includes:

portal hypertension;
bleeding in the digestive tract;
Reye's syndrome;
hemorrhagic diathesis;
aspirin triad;
insufficient amount of vitamin K in the body and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase;
the presence of erosive and ulcerative lesions in the gastrointestinal tract in an acute form;
hemophilia;
insufficiency of liver and kidney functions;
the presence of a dissecting aortic aneurysm;
hypoprothrombinemia;
periods of pregnancy, lactation;
excessive sensitivity of the body to the components of this drug and other drugs that eliminate inflammatory reactions, which is manifested by the development of rhinitis and the appearance of urticaria.

Possible negative reactions

Some people may develop side effects:

diarrhea;
nausea;
skin rashes;
the appearance of noise in the ears;
the occurrence of erosive and ulcerative lesions, bleeding in the digestive tract;
angioedema;
development of the aspirin triad;
the appearance of pain in the abdomen;
the occurrence of thrombocytopenia, anemia;
development of anorexia;
Reye's syndrome;
bronchospasm;
the appearance of headaches, dizziness;
visual impairment;
hemorrhagic syndrome;
deterioration in the condition of heart failure occurring in a chronic form;
disturbances in the functioning of the kidneys and liver.

If the doctor has prescribed acetylsalicylic acid, the instructions for use and contraindications should be carefully studied in order to avoid negative consequences.

The use of large doses of the drug

When using the drug in large quantities that do not correspond to the recommended doses, negative reactions of the body are possible. Overdose leads to the following problems:

violations of acid-base balance and electrolyte;
confusion of consciousness;
nausea, accompanied by vomiting, the presence of pain in the abdomen;
dehydration of the body;
hearing and vision problems;
tremor;
sleepy state.

In rare cases, drug abuse leads to metabolic acidosis and coma.

How to use

According to the instructions for use of acetylsalicylic acid, the tablets are taken after meals. You can drink the drug not only with ordinary water, but also with mineral alkaline, as well as milk.

The dosage is determined by the doctor. If it is not possible to see a doctor and the problem is not significant, you can take aspirin in the amount of 1-2 tablets, which corresponds to 500-1000 mg. The dose indicated is for an adult. 3-4 medications are allowed per day.

Is it possible to use 2 tablets of acetylsalicylic acid 4 times a day? It is forbidden to use the medicine in such an amount. The maximum daily dose corresponds to 6 tablets. You can be treated with the drug for no longer than two weeks.

Effect on blood clotting

Acetylsalicylic acid thins the blood. To learn how to take pills to improve the rheological properties of the blood, you should consult a doctor. The specialist will select an individual dosage. To prevent platelet adhesion, the drug is used in an amount of 0.5 tablets / day. The duration of the course is usually 2-3 months.

myocardial infarction

To prevent myocardial infarction, 250 mg of the drug per day is used. With thromboembolism and disorders of cerebral circulation, 0.5 tablets / day are also used. Gradually, the amount of the drug is increased to 1000 mg (2 tablets / day).

Instructions for use of Acetylsalicylic acid at a temperature in children and adults

Aspirin is usually prescribed for a cold.

Tablets at a temperature are not used on an empty stomach. If you need to bring down the temperature of an adult, the recommended dosage is 250-1000 mg of the drug. You can take the medicine 3 or 4 times a day.

At a temperature, children are given from 100 to 300 mg of the drug. It is advisable that the doctor select the dose of the medication. The size of the dose for children is determined according to age.

To kid over two years old give 100 mg of the drug.
From the age of three use of 150 mg is allowed.
When treating a child over four years old it is necessary to apply 200 mg of the drug, and in the treatment of a child of age over five years old- 250 mg.
Acetylsalicylic acid in the recommended amount can be given to a child 3 or 4 times a day.

For headache

Acetylsalicylic acid is an effective remedy for headaches. You can also take paracetamol. The drug is potent, because it can both benefit the body and harm it. When determining the appropriate dose of the drug, you should be as careful as possible. If rest is not planned in the near future, take two tablets. If after taking the drug it will be possible to sleep or relax, the dose of the drug should be reduced to 0.5-1 tablet. To obtain the desired effect, the medication should be taken immediately after the onset of discomfort.

The indicated doses of the drug are intended for use by an adult. For children, this treatment option is not suitable.

Hangover

Regardless of the reasons for the development of a headache, it is possible to effectively solve the problem that has arisen. For example, in everyday life, people often take the drug with a hangover. But we should not forget that the drug eliminates only the pain, but not the hangover itself. To get rid of the problem, use other medicines for a hangover.

How does aspirin affect blood pressure?

Does aspirin raise or lower blood pressure? The drug does not affect blood pressure in any way. The ability of the remedy to eliminate pain during migraines and reduce intracranial pressure is explained by its ability to thin the blood. It is harmful to use the drug for hypertension due to the risk of bleeding.

Reception during menstruation and toothache

Can I use the product during menstruation? In such cases, you can use the drug, but with caution and prior consultation with a doctor. The recommended dose is 1 tablet 2 times a day, but it is still better to use other painkillers for these purposes - analgin, spasmalgon, no-shpu.

Aspirin also helps with toothache, because it is able to have a pronounced analgesic effect. But you can not use more than 4000 mg of the drug per day. Otherwise, severe damage to the brain and internal organs may occur. Children under 12 years of age should select other drugs, as well as pregnant women. Paracetamol will also help with the appearance of a toothache.

How to get rid of acne

The drug helps to get rid of acne. It acts quickly and is one of the most effective remedies. Acetylsalicylic acid, when used on the face, destroys bacteria, which allows you to stop the inflammatory process and dry the skin. For treatment, the tablet must be dissolved in water and the liquid used for wiping. The solution is applied pointwise, directly on the acne.

masks

A face mask with honey helps to heal the skin. For 3-4 tablets, honey and water are required in the amount of 1 tsp. and 5 drops respectively. From these components, a slurry is prepared, which is applied for a quarter of an hour. The remains of the product are washed off with warm water.
A mask with acetylsalicylic acid for acne may contain other ingredients, such as black clay. The component is prepared in the amount of several tablespoons, diluted with water to obtain a homogeneous mass. Then the last and main ingredient is added - Acetylsalicylic acid in the form of a powder (1 tab. per 1 tbsp. Clay). The prepared slurry covers the skin of the face for 20 minutes, after which it is washed off with cool water.

If you decide to use acetylsalicylic acid to fight acne, do not forget that the courses should be short, otherwise you can dry out the skin. If you have dry skin, be careful when choosing this method of acne treatment.

Acetylsalicylic acid is suitable for the face in cases where the skin is oily

Before using masks, make sure that the body's reaction to the effects of the components is normal. Otherwise, there is a risk of irritation. When searching for a remedy with acetylsalicylic acid for acne, reviews will help you make the most correct choice.

Acetylsalicylic acid for hair

Aspirin has a beneficial effect on hair follicles. A drug:

restores shine;
eliminates the consequences of unsuccessful staining;
brightens uncolored hair in a natural way;
increases volume;
accelerates the growth process;
neutralizes the negative impact of chlorine when visiting the pool;
eliminates electrification and alopecia.

However, not everyone and not always can use aspirin for hair restoration. You can not often do compresses and masks. When used externally, the main component of the product penetrates well through the tissues. Hair aspirin can be used from the age of 12, as there is a high risk of Reye's syndrome if used earlier. For those who have eczema, psoriasis or dry seborrhea, as well as those with sensitive skin, care based on the use of Acetylsalicylic acid is not suitable.

Apply simply: dissolve 2-3 tablets in warm water and add to any hair mask.

childbearing, lactation

During pregnancy, it is strictly forbidden to use Acetylsalicylic acid. A nursing mother should also not use the medicine. Pregnant women are not prescribed medication because of the content of harmful substances.

Aspirin and alcohol

It is important to know how to take medicine so as not to harm your body.

Are acetylsalicylic acid and alcohol compatible?

With their simultaneous use, the mucous membrane of the digestive tract is irritated, it is possible to provoke the development of allergies, the appearance of ulcers and intragastric bleeding, the occurrence of a stroke, a heart attack. Possible death.

It is necessary to take the medicine before drinking alcohol. Using it for a day, it will be possible to reduce the severity of a hangover.

Combination with caffeine

Caffeine can be used with the drug. However, there are contraindications, so you should consult with your doctor.

Best before date

The shelf life of the drug is 2 years. It is necessary to store the product at room temperature in a place where light and moisture do not penetrate, children and animals do not have access.

What is acetylsalicylic acid, what helps and how to take it, is indicated in the instructions for use. It is especially important to consult a doctor when treating children. For young patients, the drug can be very dangerous.

| Acetylsalicylic acid

Analogues (generics, synonyms)

Recipe

Rep.: Tab. "Aspirinum" №10

D.S. 1/4 tab. 1 r/d n/n

Rp.: Acid acetylsalicylici 0.5

D. No. 10 in tab.

S.: 1/4 tab. 1 r/d n/n

pharmachologic effect

NSAIDs; has anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic effects associated with indiscriminate inhibition of the activity of COX1 and COX2, which regulate the synthesis of Pg. As a result, Pg is not formed, which ensures the formation of edema and hyperalgesia.
A decrease in the content of Pg (mainly E1) in the center of thermoregulation leads to a decrease in body temperature due to the expansion of skin vessels and an increase in sweating.

The analgesic effect is due to both central and peripheral action. Reduces aggregation, adhesion of platelets and thrombosis by suppressing the synthesis of thromboxane A2 in platelets.

The antiplatelet effect persists for 7 days after a single dose (more pronounced in men than in women). Reduces mortality and the risk of myocardial infarction in unstable angina.

It is effective in the primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases, especially myocardial infarction in men over 40 years of age, and in the secondary prevention of myocardial infarction. In a daily dose of 6 g or more, it inhibits the synthesis of prothrombin in the liver and increases the prothrombin time.
Increases plasma fibrinolytic activity and reduces the concentration of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors (II, VII, IX, X). Increases hemorrhagic complications during surgical interventions, increases the risk of bleeding during anticoagulant therapy.

Stimulates the excretion of uric acid (impairs its reabsorption in the renal tubules), but in high doses. Blockade of COX1 in the gastric mucosa leads to inhibition of gastroprotective Pg, which can lead to mucosal ulceration and subsequent bleeding.
Less irritating effect on the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract have dosage forms containing buffer substances, enteric coating, as well as special "effervescent" forms of tablets.

Mode of application

Soluble tablets: inside, previously dissolved in a small amount of water, - 400-800 mg 2-3 times a day (no more than 6 g).

In acute rheumatism - 100 mg / kg / day in 5-6 doses.

Inside, with fever and pain syndrome for adults - 0.5-1 g / day (up to 3 g), divided into 3 doses.
The duration of treatment should not exceed 2 weeks. Effervescent tablets are dissolved in 100-200 ml of water and taken orally, after meals, a single dose is 0.25-1 g, taken 3-4 times a day.
Duration of treatment - from a single dose to a multi-month course.
To improve the rheological properties of blood - 0.15-0.25 g / day for several months.

With myocardial infarction, as well as for secondary prevention in patients who have had a myocardial infarction, 40-325 mg 1 time per day (usually 160 mg). As an inhibitor of platelet aggregation - 300-325 mg / day for a long time.

With dynamic disorders of cerebral circulation in men, cerebral thromboembolism - 325 mg / day with a gradual increase to a maximum of 1 g / day, for the prevention of relapses - 125-300 mg / day.

For the prevention of thrombosis or occlusion of the aortic bypass - 325 mg every 7 hours through an intranasal gastric tube, then orally - 325 mg 3 times a day (usually in combination with dipyridamole, which is canceled after a week, continuing long-term treatment with ASA).

With active rheumatism, it was prescribed (not currently prescribed) at a daily dose of 5-8 g for adults and 100-125 mg / kg for adolescents (15-18 years old); multiplicity of application - 4-5 times a day. After 1-2 weeks of treatment, children reduce the dose to 60-70 mg / kg / day, adults continue treatment at the same dose; duration of treatment - up to 6 weeks. Cancellation is carried out gradually over 1-2 weeks.

Indications

Rheumatism, rheumatoid arthritis, infectious-allergic myocarditis, pericarditis, rheumatic chorea - currently not used.

Feverish syndrome in infectious and inflammatory diseases. Pain syndrome (of various origins): headache (including those associated with alcohol withdrawal syndrome), migraine, toothache, neuralgia, lumbago, thoracic radicular syndrome, myalgia, arthralgia, algomenorrhea.

As an antiplatelet drug (doses up to 300 mg / day): IHD, the presence of several risk factors for IHD,
painless myocardial ischemia,
unstable angina,
myocardial infarction (to reduce the risk of recurrent myocardial infarction and death after myocardial infarction),
repeated transient cerebral ischemia and ischemic stroke in men,
prosthetic heart valves (prevention and treatment of thromboembolism),
balloon coronary angioplasty and stent placement (reducing the risk of re-stenosis and treating secondary dissection of the coronary artery),
with non-atherosclerotic lesions of the coronary artery (Kawasaki disease),
aortoarteritis (Takayasu's disease),
valvular mitral heart disease and atrial fibrillation,
mitral valve prolapse (prophylaxis of thromboembolism),
recurrent pulmonary embolism,
pulmonary infarction, acute thrombophlebitis,
Dressler syndrome.

In clinical immunology and allergology: in gradually increasing doses for prolonged "aspirin" desensitization and the formation of stable tolerance to NSAIDs in patients with "aspirin" asthma and the "aspirin triad".

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity;

erosive and ulcerative lesions of the gastrointestinal tract (in the acute phase), gastrointestinal bleeding;
"aspirin" triad (a combination of bronchial asthma, recurrent polyposis of the nose and paranasal sinuses and intolerance to ASA and drugs of the pyrazolone series);
hemorrhagic diathesis (hemophilia, von Willebrand's disease, telangiectasia, hypoprothrombinemia, thrombocytopenia, thrombocytopenic purpura);
dissecting aortic aneurysm, portal hypertension; vitamin K deficiency;
liver / kidney failure;
pregnancy (I and III trimesters), lactation; deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, children's age (up to 15 years - the risk of developing Reye's syndrome in children with hyperthermia on the background of viral diseases).

Caution:
Hyperuricemia, urate nephrourolithiasis, gout, liver disease, gastric ulcer and / or duodenal ulcer (history), decompensated CHF.

Side effects

Nausea, loss of appetite, gastralgia, diarrhea; allergic reactions (skin rash, angioedema, bronchospasm);
impaired liver and / or kidney function;
thrombocytopenia, anemia, leukopenia, Reye's syndrome (encephalopathy and acute fatty degeneration of the liver with the rapid development of liver failure),
formation on the basis of the hapten mechanism of "aspirin" asthma and "aspirin triad" (a combination of bronchial asthma, recurrent polyposis of the nose and paranasal sinuses and intolerance to ASA and drugs of the pyrazolone series).

With prolonged use - dizziness, headache, vomiting, erosive and ulcerative lesions of the gastrointestinal tract, hypocoagulation, bleeding (including in the gastrointestinal tract);
visual disturbances, decreased hearing acuity, tinnitus, bronchospasm, interstitial nephritis, prerenal azotemia with increased blood creatinine and hypercalcemia, papillary necrosis, acute renal failure, nephrotic syndrome, aseptic meningitis, increased CHF symptoms, edema, increased activity of "liver "transaminase.

Overdose.
Symptoms (single dose less than 150 mg / kg - acute poisoning is considered mild, 150-300 mg / kg - moderate, more than 300 mg / kg - severe): salicylism syndrome (nausea, vomiting, tinnitus, blurred vision, dizziness, severe headache, general malaise, fever is a poor prognostic sign in adults).

Severe poisoning - hyperventilation of the lungs of central origin, respiratory alkalosis, metabolic acidosis, confusion, drowsiness, collapse, convulsions, anuria, bleeding.

Initially, central hyperventilation of the lungs leads to respiratory alkalosis - shortness of breath, suffocation, cyanosis, cold clammy sweat; with increased intoxication, respiratory paralysis and uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation increase, causing respiratory acidosis.

In chronic overdose, the concentration determined in plasma does not correlate well with the severity of intoxication.

The greatest risk of developing chronic intoxication is observed in the elderly when taken for several days more than 100 mg / kg / day.

In children and elderly patients, the initial signs of salicylism are not always noticeable, therefore it is advisable to periodically determine the concentration of salicylates in the blood: a level above 70 mg% indicates moderate or severe poisoning; above 100 mg% - about extremely severe, prognostically unfavorable.

In case of moderate poisoning, hospitalization for 24 hours is necessary.

Treatment: provocation of vomiting, the appointment of activated charcoal and laxatives, constant monitoring of CBS and electrolyte balance; depending on the state of metabolism - the introduction of sodium bicarbonate, a solution of sodium citrate or sodium lactate.

An increase in reserve alkalinity enhances the excretion of ASA due to alkalinization of urine.
Alkalinization of urine is indicated at salicylate levels above 40 mg% and is provided by intravenous infusion of sodium bicarbonate (88 mEq in 1 liter of 5% dextrose solution, at a rate of 10-15 ml / h / kg); restoration of BCC and induction of diuresis are achieved by the introduction of sodium bicarbonate in the same doses and dilution, which is repeated 2-3 times.

Caution should be exercised in elderly patients in whom intensive fluid infusion may lead to pulmonary edema. The use of acetazolamide for alkalization of urine is not recommended (may cause acidemia and increase the toxic effect of salicylates).
Hemodialysis is indicated when the level of salicylates is more than 100-130 mg%, in patients with chronic poisoning - 40 mg% and below if indicated (refractory acidosis, progressive deterioration, severe CNS damage, pulmonary edema and renal failure).

With pulmonary edema - IVL with a mixture enriched with oxygen.

Release form

Tablets, tablets [for children], enteric-coated tablets, coated tablets, effervescent tablets

ATTENTION!

Registration number:
P N003627/01

Tradename:
Acetylsalicylic acid.

PIM or grouping name:
Acetylsalicylic acid.

Dosage form:
Pills.

Composition per tablet:
Active substance:

Acetylsalicylic acid - 500 mg

Excipients:

Potato starch - 91 mg
Talc - 9 mg

Description:
Tablets are white, slightly marbled, flat-cylindrical in shape with a chamfer and a notch.

Pharmacotherapeutic group:
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID).

ATX code:
N02BA01

Pharmacological properties:
The drug has an analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory effect, which is due to the inhibition of cyclooxygenases involved in the synthesis of prostaglandins. Acetylsalicylic acid inhibits platelet aggregation by blocking the synthesis of thromboxane A2.

Pharmacokinetics:
When taken orally, absorption is complete. During absorption, it undergoes presystemic elimination in the intestinal wall and in the liver (deacetylated). The absorbed part is rapidly hydrolyzed by nonspecific plasma cholinesterases and albuminesterase, so the half-life is no more than 15-20 minutes. It circulates in the body (by 75 - 90% due to albumin) and is distributed in tissues in the form of salicylic acid anion. The time to reach the maximum concentration is 2 hours. The serum concentration of salicylates is very variable. Salicylates easily penetrate into many tissues and body fluids, incl. into the cerebrospinal, peritoneal and synovial fluids. Penetration into the joint cavity accelerates in the presence of hyperemia and edema and slows down in the proliferative phase of inflammation. Small amounts of salicylates are found in the nervous tissue, traces - in bile, sweat, feces. When acidosis occurs, most of salicylic acid turns into non-ionized acid, which penetrates well into tissues, incl. into the brain. It quickly passes through the placenta, in small amounts it is excreted in breast milk. It is metabolized mainly in the liver. Metabolites of acetylsalicylic and salicylic acids are glycine conjugate of salicylic acid, gentisic
acid and its glycine conjugate. It is excreted mainly by active secretion in the tubules of the kidneys in the form of salicylic acid (60%) and in the form of metabolites. The excretion of salicylic acid depends on the pH of the urine (with alkalization of the urine, the ionization of salicylates increases, their reabsorption worsens, and excretion increases significantly). The rate of excretion depends on the dose: when taking small doses, the half-life is 2-3 hours, with increasing doses it can increase up to 15-30 hours.

Indications for use:
Treatment of moderate or mild pain syndrome: headache (including withdrawal symptoms), toothache, sore throat, back and muscle pain, joint pain, pain during menstruation. Increased body temperature in "colds" and other infectious - inflammatory diseases (in adults and children over 15 years old).

Contraindications:

Hypersensitivity to acetylsalicylic acid and other NSAIDs or other components of the drug;
Erosive and ulcerative lesions of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) (in the acute phase);
gastrointestinal bleeding;
Hemorrhagic diathesis;
Combined use of methotrexate at a dose of 15 mg per week or more;
Complete or incomplete combination of bronchial asthma, recurrent polyposis of the nose and paranasal sinuses and intolerance to acetylsalicylic acid;
Bronchial asthma induced by taking salicylates and other NSAIDs;
Pregnancy (I and III trimester), breastfeeding period;
Children's age (up to 15 years, when used as an antipyretic). The drug is not prescribed for children under 15 years of age with acute respiratory diseases caused by viral infections, due to the risk of developing Reye's syndrome (encephalopathy and acute fatty liver with acute liver failure).

Carefully:
With concomitant therapy with anticoagulants, gout, peptic ulcer of the stomach and / or duodenum (in history), including chronic or recurrent peptic ulcer, or episodes of gastrointestinal bleeding; with renal and / or liver failure, deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase; hyperuricemia, bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hay fever, nasal polyposis, drug allergy, concomitant use of methotrexate at a dose of less than 15 mg / week, pregnancy (II trimester).

Use during pregnancy and lactation:
During pregnancy, the use of the drug is contraindicated. If necessary, the use of the drug during lactation, breastfeeding should be discontinued.

Dosage and administration:
Inside, adults and children over 12 years of age: a single dose is 250-500 mg, the maximum single dose is 1.0 g (2 tablets of 500 mg), the maximum daily dose is 3.0 g (6 tablets of 500 mg), a single dose if necessary, you can take 3-4 times a day with an interval of at least 4 hours.
Children (as an anesthetic) aged 6 to 12 years, with the exception of acute respiratory diseases caused by viral infections, due to the risk of developing Reye's syndrome (encephalopathy and acute fatty liver with acute development of liver failure), a single dose is 250 mg per dose, take up to 3 times per day.

Mode of application:
The drug should be taken after meals with water, milk or alkaline mineral water.

Frequency and time of admission:
A single dose, if necessary, can be taken 3-4 times a day with an interval of at least 4 hours.
Regular adherence to the regimen of taking the drug allows you to avoid a sharp increase in temperature and reduce the intensity of the pain syndrome.
The duration of treatment (without consulting a doctor) should not exceed 7 days when prescribed as an anesthetic and more than 3 days as an antipyretic.

Side effect:
From the gastrointestinal tract:
Decreased appetite, abdominal pain, heartburn, nausea, vomiting, obvious (vomiting blood, tarry stools) or hidden signs of gastrointestinal bleeding that can lead to iron deficiency anemia, erosive and ulcerative lesions (including perforation) of the gastrointestinal intestinal tract, isolated cases of liver dysfunction (increased hepatic transaminases), diarrhea.
From the side of the central nervous system:
Dizziness, tinnitus (usually signs of an overdose); with prolonged use, headache, visual impairment, hearing loss, aseptic meningitis.
From the side of the cardiovascular system:
With prolonged use - increased symptoms of chronic heart failure.
From the hematopoietic system:
Increased risk of bleeding, which is a consequence of the effect of acetylsalicylic acid on platelet aggregation, thrombocytopenia, anemia, leukopenia.
From the excretory system:
Impaired kidney function; with prolonged use - interstitial nephritis, prerenal azotemia with increased blood creatinine and hypercalcemia, papillary necrosis, acute renal failure, nephrotic syndrome, edema.
Allergic reactions:
Skin rash, anaphylactic reactions, bronchospasm, angioedema. Reye's syndrome (encephalopathy and acute fatty degeneration of the liver with the rapid development of liver failure).
If such symptoms appear, it is recommended to stop taking the drug and immediately contact your doctor.

Overdose:
Symptoms:
Overdose of moderate severity:
Nausea, vomiting, tinnitus, hearing loss, headache, dizziness and confusion. These symptoms disappear when the dose is reduced or the drug is discontinued.
Severe overdose:
Fever, hyperventilation, ketoacidosis, respiratory alkalosis, metabolic acidosis, coma, cardiogenic shock, respiratory failure, severe hypoglycemia.
In chronic overdose, the concentration determined in plasma does not correlate well with the severity of intoxication. The greatest risk of developing chronic intoxication is observed in the elderly when taken for several days more than 100 mg / kg / day. In children and elderly patients, the initial signs of salicylism are not always noticeable, therefore it is advisable to periodically determine the concentration of salicylates in the blood: a concentration above 70 mg% indicates moderate or severe poisoning; above 100 mg% - about extremely severe, prognostically unfavorable.
In case of poisoning of moderate and severe severity, hospitalization is necessary.

Treatment:
Hospitalization, gastric lavage, activated charcoal, monitoring of acid-base balance, alkalization of urine in order to obtain a urine pH between 7.5 - 8 (forced alkaline diuresis is considered achieved if the concentration of salicylate in the blood plasma is not more than 500 mg / l (3.6 mmol / l) in adults or 300 mg / l (2.2 mmol / l) in children), hemodialysis, fluid replacement, symptomatic therapy. Caution should be exercised in elderly patients in whom intensive fluid infusion may lead to pulmonary edema. The use of acetazolamide for alkalization of urine is not recommended (may cause acidosis and increase the toxic effect of salicylates). Hemodialysis is indicated when the concentration of salicylates is more than 100-130 mg%, in patients with chronic poisoning - 40 mg% and below if indicated (refractory acidosis, progressive deterioration, severe damage to the central nervous system, pulmonary edema and renal failure). With pulmonary edema - artificial ventilation of the lungs with a mixture enriched with oxygen.

Interaction with other drugs:
Joint application:

With methotrexate at a dose of 15 mg per week or more is a contraindication: increased hemolytic cytotoxicity of methotrexate (renal clearance of methotrexate decreases and methotrexate is replaced by salicylates due to plasma proteins);
With anticoagulants, for example, heparin: the risk of bleeding increases due to impaired platelet function, damage to the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract, displacement of anticoagulants (indirect) from their association with blood plasma proteins;
With other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: as a result of synergistic interaction, the risk of ulcers and bleeding from the stomach and duodenum increases;
With uricosuric drugs, for example, benzbromarone: reduces the uricosuric effect;
With digoxin: the concentration of diogoxin increases due to a decrease in renal excretion;
With hypoglycemic drugs: the hypoglycemic effect of hypoglycemic drugs increases due to the hypoglycemic effect of acetylsalicylic acid;
With drugs of the thrombolytic group: the fibrinolytic effect of the latter increases and the risk of bleeding increases;
With glucocorticosteroids, excluding hydrocortisone, used as replacement therapy for Addison's disease: when using glucocorticosteroids, the concentration of salicelates in the blood decreases by increasing the excretion of the latter;
With angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors: glomerular filtration decreases due to inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis and, as a result, the antihypertensive effect decreases;
With valproic acid: increased toxicity of valproic acid;
With glucocorticosteroids, ethanol (alcoholic beverages) and ethanol-containing drugs: the risk of a damaging effect on the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract increases, the risk of developing gastrointestinal bleeding increases;
Enhances the effects of narcotic analgesics, indirect anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents, sulfonamides (including co-trimoxazole - enhances their activity and toxicity), triiodothyronine (increases activity and increases the risk of side effects of the latter);
Reduces the effect of antihypertensive drugs, diuretics (spironolactone, furosemide);
Increases the concentration of barbiturates, lithium salts in plasma;
Antacids containing magnesium and / or aluminum slow down and impair the absorption of acetylsalicylic acid;
Myelotoxic drugs increase the manifestations of hematotoxicity of the drug.

Special instructions:
Acetylsalicylic acid can cause bronchospasm, an asthma attack, or other hypersensitivity reactions. Risk factors are the presence of bronchial asthma, nasal polyps, fever, chronic bronchopulmonary diseases, a history of allergies (allergic rhinitis, skin rashes).
Acetylsalicylic acid may increase bleeding tendency due to its inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation. This should be taken into account when surgical interventions are required, including minor interventions such as tooth extractions. Before surgery, to reduce bleeding during surgery and in the postoperative period, you should stop taking the drug for 5-7 days and notify the doctor.
Children should not be given drugs containing acetylsalicylic acid, since in the case of a viral infection, the risk of Reye's syndrome increases. Symptoms of Reye's syndrome are prolonged vomiting, acute encephalopathy, liver enlargement. Acetylsalicylic acid reduces the excretion of uric acid from the body, which can cause an acute attack of gout in predisposed patients. There was no effect of taking the drug on driving a motor vehicle and other mechanisms, which may affect the ability to drive vehicles, etc.
Acetylsalicylic acid has a teratogenic effect; when used in the first trimester, it leads to the development of a splitting of the upper palate; in the third trimester causes inhibition of labor activity (inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis), premature closure of the ductus arteriosus in the fetus, pulmonary vascular hyperplasia and hypertension in the pulmonary circulation. It is excreted in breast milk, which increases the risk of bleeding in a child due to impaired platelet function.
During the period of treatment should refrain from taking ethanol.

Release form:
Tablets 500 mg.
10 tablets in a contour non-cell or cellular package. One or two blister packs, together with instructions for use, are placed in a box of cardboard boxes. Blind packs, together with an equal number of instructions for use, are placed in a group package.

Storage conditions:
Store in a dry, dark place at a temperature not exceeding 25 °C.
Keep out of the reach of children.

Best before date:
4 years. Do not use the drug after the expiration date.

Conditions for dispensing from pharmacies:
Over the counter.