Allergy food 5 7 years menu. Hypoallergenic diet, products, correct nutrition principles

Perhaps, allergies have become one of the most common diseases of the 21st century. Nutrition for allergies in adults and children should be correct. Hypersensitivity of the body to allergens after contact with them is an allergy. Allergens can be different: aeroallergens contained in the air, skin allergens, allergenic products, allergies to insect bites, allergies to drugs, etc.

However, with any type of allergy, it is necessary to adhere to proper nutrition. First of all, those who suffer from allergies need to switch to a hypoallergenic diet. In this case, you need to know all the products that are divided into low-allergenic, medium-allergenic and highly allergenic. Let's see what food is less harmful for allergies.

What can you eat with allergies

Highly allergenic foods that often cause an allergic reaction:

• Whole milk products, cheese and cow's milk
• Many varieties of fish, seafood, black and red caviar
• All types of eggs
• Semi-smoked, smoked and especially raw-smoked products: fish, meat, sausages, sausages and sausage.
• Canned and pickled products, especially industrial products: canned fish, stew, pickled cucumbers and tomatoes. In a word, all products that are in banks.
• Salty, spicy, spicy foods, spices, sauces and condiments.
• Vegetables such as pumpkin, tomatoes, beets, red peppers, sauerkraut, carrots, eggplant, celery and sorrel.
• Berries and fruits, especially orange and red: strawberries, raspberries, strawberries, blackberries, blueberries, persimmons, grapes, red apples, plums, cherries, pineapples and melons.
• All citrus fruits
• Carbonated and fruit waters, chewing gums and flavored yoghurts.
• Dried fruits such as: figs, dates, dried apricots and raisins.
• All types of mushrooms, nuts and honey.
• Caramel, marmalade and all chocolate products
• Kissels, juices and compotes from the above berries and fruits, as well as vegetables.
• cocoa and coffee
• Alcohol in all its manifestations
• Exotic products: mango, tortoise and meat, kangaroo meat, avocado, pineapple, etc.
• Products that contain these additives: emulsifiers, flavors, preservatives and colors

Products of medium activity

• Grains such as wheat and rye
• Buckwheat and corn
• Fatty pork, horse meat, lamb, turkey and rabbit meat.
• Berries and fruits: red and black currants, apricots, peaches, bananas, cranberries, watermelons, cranberries.
• Potatoes, green peppers, beans and peas.
• Herbal decoctions

Low allergenic foods:

• Fermented milk products: fermented baked milk, kefir, cottage cheese and natural yogurt.
• Lean pork, beef or boiled chicken
• Such fish: sea bass, cod, etc.
• Buckwheat, rice, cornbread
• Tongue liver and kidneys
• Fresh cabbage of all kinds, spinach, broccoli, parsley, dill, cucumbers, zucchini, turnips, rutabagas and squash.
• Rice, semolina, oatmeal, pearl barley
• Olive and sunflower oil, as well as butter
• White cherries, white currants, green apples, pears and gooseberries
• Dried pears, apples and prunes
• Mineral water without gas, weak tea, compotes from rose hips, pears and apples.

What to eat for allergies? It is necessary to exclude highly allergic foods in the first place. Or minimize the use of foods that can not be eaten with allergies. This is the essence of the diet for allergy sufferers during the period of contact with allergens. It is also the first step in choosing an individual diet for patients who suffer from food allergies.

Regardless of the degree of manifestation of an allergy in a child, it can provoke serious health problems. If you do not solve the problem of hypersensitivity to certain products, then the allergy will become chronic. A hypoallergenic diet for children is prescribed when symptoms of food allergies appear or when other types of allergies are aggravated, for example, to animals, dust, etc.

Children of all ages face the problem of food allergies: from a few months to 17 years. A similar situation is associated with the peculiarities of modern food products sold in stores and markets. Almost all of them contain a large amount of GMOs, harmful additives and preservatives. They provoke an allergy in a child.

The menu of the diet below includes safe foods that do not cause a negative reaction in the body.

1. A diet for children from 1 to 5 years is recommended to be used under the supervision of a nutritionist. The doctor will identify the allergen, decide whether it is necessary to exclude it from the diet forever or for several months, determine the duration of the diet. If an allergy manifests itself in a baby a few months old, and he is breastfed, the mother should follow a similar diet.
2. After treatment, it is permissible to return some of the products to the child's diet again, but only in a minimal amount. Often there is a need to completely exclude allergenic products, since they provoke an allergic reaction on their own, and in combination with other types.
3. A child's body fights allergies better than an adult. The child will not have to diet for years. It is enough to observe it for about 10 days, but the terms depend on the specific case and can vary. You will definitely need to consult with your doctor.

List of contraindicated products

There are many allergens among food products, they are poorly absorbed by the baby's body, and during an exacerbation of an allergic reaction, they generally become very dangerous. Among them are:

• orange or red fruits and vegetables;
• citruses;
• sea ​​fish;
• chicken eggs;
• a bird;
• mushrooms;
• nuts;
• cow's milk;
• smoked meats, marinades, preservatives;
• sweets and pastries;
• seasonings;
• dried fruits;
• cocoa, coffee, tea;
• non-natural products: chewing gum, chips, soda and the like.

Among other things, there are products that are used with caution, or even better, exclude them from the children's menu altogether. Fatty meat, corn, buckwheat, potatoes, beans. Herbs in the form of decoctions, currants, bananas, apricots.

Approved Products

Although much of the baby’s diet will have to be excluded, the list of foods allowed for allergies is quite extensive. With them it is quite possible to come up with a varied menu. Suitable for him:

• lean meat;
• offal;
• dairy products;
• oatmeal, barley;
• River fish;
• semolina;
• bread made from corn, buckwheat or cereals;
• green and white vegetables and fruits;
• any kind of oil;
• mineral non-carbonated water, weak tea, rosehip tincture.

Menu for babies 9-12 months

Toddlers from 9 months to 1 year old suffering from allergies are recommended to feed as follows:

First feeding at 6-7 am:

• About 200 milliliters of hypoallergenic formula or mother's milk.

Second feeding at 9-11 am:

• Approximately 200 milliliters of porridge on a decoction of vegetables or breast milk;
• 60 grams of fruit puree.

Third feeding at 13-15 pm:

• 150 grams of vegetables, mashed with 6 grams of olive oil;
• 150 ml of hypoallergenic mixture or mother's milk.

Fourth feeding at 17-18 pm:

• 200 ml mother's milk or hypoallergenic mixture.

Fifth feeding at 20-22 pm:

• Also 200 ml of mother's milk or formula.

Menu for children from 1 year old

Here is one of the options for a hypoallergenic menu from 1 year to 2-3 years. It is permissible to swap dishes at your discretion and depending on the availability of food in the refrigerator.

Monday:

Oatmeal for breakfast, meat soup with cabbage and herbs for lunch, a banana for an afternoon snack, veal with stewed vegetables for the evening.

In the morning, porridge made from pumpkin or corn, for lunch, borscht without meat and a baked rabbit, for afternoon tea with bread, for the evening, pork stewed with vegetables.

For breakfast, rice porridge with prunes, for lunch, a repeat of Monday - meat soup, fresh cabbage salad, tea with crackers for an afternoon snack, cottage cheese for the evening.

In the morning, millet porridge, for lunch, similarly to the second day - borscht without meat and buckwheat porridge, apples for afternoon tea, beef or pork cutlets and cabbage salad for dinner.

Buckwheat porridge in the morning, rabbit with stewed potatoes for lunch, baked apples for afternoon tea, boiled or baked fish and cabbage salad for dinner.

Rice porridge in the morning, vegetable stew and boiled veal for lunch, cottage cheese casserole with tea for an afternoon snack, stewed rabbit and cabbage salad for the evening.

Sunday:

Breakfast - rice porridge, boiled potatoes and vegetable salad for lunch, cottage cheese for afternoon tea, stewed rabbit and beetroot salad for dinner.

Summing up

Allergy is a serious problem, and more and more children of different ages are facing it lately. Sometimes a child's body does not tolerate certain foods, resulting in diathesis. And if you do not pay attention to allergies, then a more dangerous immunoallergic reaction may occur. The reasons for the development of such a reaction in children have not been determined; here heredity, ecology, the structure of the digestive system, and so on can affect.

If the mother has an allergy (not necessarily to food), then the child is at risk. It is impossible to determine in advance what the body's reaction to a new product will be, so a hypoallergenic diet is important. Proper nutrition will eliminate the risk of contact with potentially harmful foods.

• A hypoallergenic diet involves steaming dishes, they can also be boiled or baked, and fried foods should not be in the diet.
• Cereals must first be soaked for 1.5-2 hours.
• When cooking meat, I always drain the first broth.
• New products are introduced with caution, in small portions. If there is no allergic reaction, then after a couple of days the portion can be increased. You can not introduce several new products into the child’s diet at once, since then it will be more difficult to identify the allergen. In addition, it is the combination of certain products that can provoke a reaction. In addition, you need to know that sometimes allergies do not occur after the first intake of a new product, but later, when specific antibodies appear in the body.

A hypoallergenic diet for children is extremely important if you have sensitivities to certain types of foods. In today's world, food allergies are not uncommon. Well, if you know what exactly the body reacts to. Then changing the diet will not be difficult.

But there are times when a child has an immune response to almost any food. Most of the possible allergen foods have to be excluded from the diet. Over time, the main symptoms of food allergies will disappear, and the disease will go into remission. Then you can gradually introduce previously prohibited products and observe the reaction.

Allergen products

According to the degree of influence on the body, food can be divided into 3 main groups:

• high impact;
• with an average;
• with little influence.

The first group includes such allergenic products as cow's milk, chicken eggs and meat of this bird, fish and various seafood, nuts, citrus fruits, mushrooms, honey, cocoa, chocolate, tomatoes, red pepper. Allergenic cereals include wheat and rye. Therefore, the reaction can cause bread and other pastries, pasta, semolina. The body is very sensitive to berries such as raspberries and strawberries. The foods listed above are excluded from the menu in the first place.

Moderate allergens are beef, oatmeal, rice, buckwheat, legumes, many berries, and more.

Fermented milk products, vegetables and fruits with a green color, lean meats, and barley groats affect the body less than others. A hypoallergenic diet for children may include apples, pears, cabbage, cucumbers, zucchini. From meat, lean pork, lamb, rabbit, turkey are suitable.

Allergic reactions to food can develop from birth or develop over time. At an early age they are observed more often than in later periods of life. Over time, the immune system is strengthened, and hypersensitivity to certain types of food decreases.

Some children have cross-allergies. In this state, the body begins to react not only to obvious allergens, but also to other products. Even on the food that was previously tolerated without any problems. It is important to avoid such a situation. The child should be transferred to a hypoallergenic diet as soon as possible. Otherwise, serious complications can be provoked, and the treatment will be more difficult and longer.

A hypoallergenic diet for children facilitates the general condition of the body and allows you to understand the reasons for such a reaction.

1. Strong allergens are removed from the diet.
2. Diets are followed for about 7-10 days until the symptoms decrease.
3. They begin to introduce a new or previously prohibited product in a small amount and observe the reaction.
4. If everything is in order, the product is used in the diet. Otherwise, it is excluded for a longer time - for 1-2 months.
5. A week after the introduction of the first product, a new type of food is tried and its effect is noted.

A food diary can help you identify allergens. It fixes when and what the child ate and what was the reaction. After observing, it will be possible to understand which products the children's body is most sensitive to.

Babies and their diet

In infants, food allergies most often occur to the protein found in cow's milk. Conventional formulas and complementary foods from dairy products excluded from the diet. Assign special hydrolyzed mixtures. They contain a split protein that is easily digested.

When breastfeeding, mothers remove the most allergenic foods from the diet. It is advisable to keep a diary and note what was eaten during the day. So it will be easier to determine which product should not be consumed so as not to provoke an allergy in the baby.

Closely monitor the child during the introduction of complementary foods. The product is offered to the baby in small quantities. The next new type of food can be started 7-10 days after the previous complementary food. The food to which the allergy was noticed is canceled for a while, and then they try to introduce it again.

Hypoallergenic diet for children 1-3 years old

Starting from the year the amount of mixture and milk in the child's diet is noticeably reduced. Their place is taken by other foods. The child's menu is becoming more diverse. Therefore, the risk of developing allergies increases.

Not only the products themselves matter, but also the way they are prepared. Smoked meats, various pickles, spicy and fried foods are not allowed.
Limit or completely exclude sweets and confectionery from the diet, as well as food containing nutritional supplements. It is important that a hypoallergenic diet is strictly observed. Recipes for dishes should be selected according to the age of the baby.

Do not be afraid to include food in the diet that was previously noted
reaction. The child's body develops and improves. Foods that should not have been given at the age of one year may be well digested later. Usually after three years the child "outgrows" the allergy.

Important points for preparing hypoallergenic dishes

Food for children is cooked in boiled form, steamed, in the oven. Fried foods are excluded. The meat is boiled in two waters. First, boil it for about 20 minutes, and then change the water and cook the product. Kasha is boiled in water. Cereals are pre-soaked for 1-2 hours, like potatoes. Lenten soups are better for feeding a baby. Since meat broth can cause an allergic reaction. Vegetables are stewed or boiled.

A hypoallergenic diet for children will help get rid of the disease. The menu must be balanced so that the growing body receives the necessary substances. At the same time, doctors do not recommend giving vitamins to the child, as there may be a negative reaction to them.

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What is it eaten with

Scientists regularly add new products to the list of allergens. But there are certain types that are well known as the main "provocateurs" of allergies. So, for example, common foods that can cause unpleasant symptoms are: dairy products, cereals, fruits, eggs, seafood, fish. It is not necessary that all of the above can cause allergies. But, for example, in the case of cheese, kefir, milk, butter, the situations are the most frequent. Also among cereals, allergies can be caused by: corn, rice, oats, wheat. There is a wide range of herbal products to choose from. It can be oranges, tangerines, bananas, pears, tomatoes. But many of them cease to be potentially dangerous if they are subjected to heat treatment - boiled, fried, stewed or frozen.

The most dangerous are eggs, because they are part of many dishes. They are added in the manufacture of bakery products, pasta and just when cooking.

Regarding seafood, the situation is ambiguous. Many of the fish products contain iodine, which is essential for the human body, but if a person is allergic to fish and other seafood, he lacks this essential substance. You have to be content with vitamins or eat buckwheat porridge and persimmons in large quantities.

Allergists are a special kind of doctors who are engaged in identifying food groups, several types are distinguished: high allergenicity, medium allergenicity and hypoallergenicity. The last group is extremely rare among people, but causes such inconveniences that no person would like to feel. For all those prone to allergies, their own nutrition system has been created, much depends on the individual reactions of the body and intolerance to a certain group of products.

Menu

There is the concept of a hypoallergenic diet, the list of products of which are allowed to be eaten by allergy sufferers - these are some kind of safe dishes. They include: fat-free cottage cheese, yogurt, but everything should not be purchased, but homemade. It is also important to eat beef and boiled chicken, buckwheat porridge, vegetable products that have a green color.

This trouble is due to the fact that the immune system can not cope with the allergen. Therefore, it is better for people with such atopic dermatitis to completely exclude the main “provocateurs” that cause skin itching, rash, peeling and redness. Sometimes they are just unbearable. But the exclusion of certain foods allows you to overcome atopic dermatitis. In addition to a full diet, you need to use moisturizers and drink special tablets such as Claritin. What to exclude from the diet: all red vegetables and fruits, an orange tint is also considered harmful. It is necessary to abandon smoked dishes, pickles, too saturated with spices and fried foods. Salt and sugar are also not held in high esteem - you need to reduce their use to a minimum. Foods such as chocolate, egg, milk, fish, and honey are at high risk.

When eating food, you need to monitor the condition of the skin. If the situation gets worse, you need to switch to lenten dishes, in no case add salt and see how the condition improves then.

In childhood, contact with products that cause allergies is more difficult to experience than in adults. After all, children tend to eat in various institutions, except at home - kindergarten, school. And parents have to control the process of nutrition. Advice: an individual approach is possible, the main thing is to talk with the administration of the institution so that they exclude highly allergenic products from the menu of your child. The child should have a notebook where he will include everything that he ate out of the house. Then it will be possible to identify the causes of his illness. Also, from childhood, you need to teach the baby to self-control, because food restriction in childhood is not easy, especially when peers eat heavily. In addition, you need to make sure that all vitamins and nutrients enter the child's body. If not allergenic fruits, then vitamins in tablets, capsules should be available to children.

It is important for a mother to take care not only of her condition, but also of the baby. After all, it is he who can become the main hostage of the situation that arose against the background of allergies. Adults should not, in principle, consume foods with a potential allergen, and pregnant mothers need to double monitor their nutrition. Nutrition for a newborn is mother's milk, with it he receives all the substances necessary for the full development and vital activity. The exclusion of some products leads to the loss of nutrients and elements. Therefore, hypoallergenic should still include vegetables and fruits, as well as meat. Too allergenic types of these products should be avoided. As we wrote earlier, it can be oranges, carrots, seafood and types of red meat. Boiled chicken and beef are not prohibited during heat treatment. It is better to add less salt and spices to food. If a woman knows what product she is allergic to, then it should undoubtedly be excluded from the diet. You also need to beware of various types of red fish in oil and canned food. Leave citrus fruits and chocolate, as well as smoked meats, for a period without exacerbations. And exclude honey and ginger, pickled products and sausages from your daily diet. No need to abuse foods that cause fermentation in the digestive tract, these are cheeses, pastries, grapes, bread (except with bran). And, of course, try to forget about sugar. It is known to be abundant in berries and some fruits, soda and packaged juices. Make sure that all trace elements are balanced in your body. In no case should you go hungry, exposing yourself to debilitating diets, and you should also not eat the same dishes every day. Your salvation is steaming, because it makes food safer by depriving it of allergens.

Types of food: how to diet

The diet should be used for food-related allergies. First, let's talk about nutrition for children. It is necessary during various allergic exacerbations to observe a number of restrictions for two weeks. So: the child needs to exclude fish, seafood, lemons and oranges from the diet, try in principle not to give citrus fruits, eggs and all dishes containing it, honey, strawberries, tomatoes, eggplants, milk. As soon as the allergy subsides, you can allow the least safe tomatoes, eggplants, and some eggs to be included in the menu. It is better to refuse citrus fruits until the allergy is completely "stopped". In case of a sharp recurrence and the appearance of new symptoms, exclude for at least a year. This diet seems strict, it is difficult for the child to refuse what he has been eating for a long time. But, gradually, including some foods in the diet, you can find out the least dangerous ones.

What will be the menu of an allergic child:

• Breakfast: porridge and drink. Lunch: soup in vegetable broth without the addition of tomatoes, a piece of boiled chicken. Kissel or green tea. For a snack: green apple or persimmon. For dinner: steamed rice with a cutlet and a glass of kefir.
• Morning: pasta, apple. Soup with meat on the bone and vegetable broth. Vegetable stew. Apple.
• Hard cheese. Vegetable soup, steamed meat, jelly. Buckwheat porridge with a steamed cutlet. Pear.
• Cottage cheese casserole and tea. Soup with stew. Snack with porridge and cabbage salad. In the evening - only kefir.
• Cottage cheese with sour cream. Soup with vegetables and meat. For dinner, buckwheat porridge and stew.
  These dishes can be interchanged, combined, make changes depending on the taste preferences of the child. Important - do not include milk, honey, a lot of sugar and citrus fruits.

If you have a pressure cooker, then this recipe will certainly suit you: Take minced meat, mix it with chopped onions and bread soaked in water (breadcrumbs). Remember - it is better to choose bread from cereals. Then knead the mixture well with your hands and form small circles, and then lower them into a saucepan in a double boiler, set to maximum temperature and set a timer. After half an hour, the cutlets should be ready. If you like, salt a little before serving.

Apples baked with meat. Take large green apples, cut into two parts and remove the core, then take the onion and sauté it in a pan. Grind a piece of fresh beef in a blender or meat grinder. Then add the onion, salt and meat mixture to the apple halves. Put them in the oven, after filling them with a glass of beef broth. Bake in the oven for at least forty minutes, pre-check before pulling out the dish. A golden and ruddy apple indicates that the dish is ready.

These are just a few of the dishes. In fact, an allergy is not a sentence, you can always find those opportunities that will allow you to cook wonderful and unique dishes, invent new recipes and please not only yourself and your loved ones. Watch your diet, and food allergies will not bother you!

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The basic principles of compiling a menu for allergy sufferers

Up to 3 years, one of the main causes of allergic reactions in children is food. This is due in part to the intolerance of certain products by a small organism, in part to the immaturity of the digestive system.

With age, the influence of food allergens decreases somewhat (household allergens take the leading positions), but even an allergic adult should carefully consider their own menu.

What is important to pay attention to when preparing a menu for an allergic person:

1. It is necessary to find out (by keeping a food diary up to 3 years and specialized tests for allergens after 3-4 years) which foods cause allergic reactions, and try to avoid eating them.
2. It is advisable to significantly limit in the diet such food provocateurs of allergic reactions as cow's milk, chicken eggs, chicken (pay attention!! chicken is the strongest allergen!), nuts, in particular peanuts, wheat (meaning gluten, which is contained in wheat), fish, shellfish, soy, chocolate and citrus.
3. When compiling the menu, be guided by the degree of activity of the allergic process: during remission (that is, the state of "external health"), an allergic person can afford to expand the diet with low-allergenic and moderately allergenic foods.
4. Since in 80% of cases, allergy sufferers have concomitant disorders in the digestive system, it is important to follow the principles of a healthy diet with the exclusion of smoked meats and the restriction of fried foods in the diet.
5. Also, when preparing first courses, do not use meat broth, replacing it with water or a decoction of vegetables to which the child has no reaction.
6. Allowing once a day small "variations" in the diet, try to make the rest of the meals as hypoallergenic as possible!
7. When choosing sweet dishes for an allergic person, try to “beat” the fruits that are allowed for him to eat: the fact is that when preparing most desserts, highly allergenic foods are used, which can only be allowed in minimal quantities during the remission of the disease.

Yes, it is quite difficult to create a universal menu for an allergic child that would suit everyone. I will give an example of a menu, explaining my choice in the comments:

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Hypoallergenic diet for children 1 year old

Most often, infants and children of the second year of life suffer from atopic dermatitis and other types of food allergies. It's connected with:

• immaturity of the food system;
• manifestation of heredity;
• incorrect or unsystematic introduction of new complementary foods;
• artificial feeding (among other things, breastfeeding is a primary preventive measure against allergies).

The complexity of diet therapy and menu selection for allergic children aged 12 months to 2 years is that during this period, as a rule, breastfeeding is completed, if any, and the child moves to a common table.

The hypoallergic nutrition system for children 2 years and younger implies the division of products for the preparation of children's meals according to the level of allergenic potential:

1. High: chicken and chicken eggs, cow's milk, fish, mushrooms, nuts, honey, tomatoes, carrots, beets, citrus fruits, apricots, strawberries, raspberries, melons, grapes, coffee, cocoa, chocolate.
2. Medium: pork, potatoes, rice, buckwheat, oatmeal, peas and legumes, currants, bananas, sweet peppers, corn, pumpkins, peaches, pears.
3. Low: rabbit, turkey, zucchini, cabbage, cucumber, white currant, plum, watermelon, gooseberry.

The basis of diet therapy should be the removal from the child's diet of foods that contributed to allergies, or those that may be a potential cause of it.

Hypoallergenic diet for children of early childhood allows you to eat the following foods:

• meat: rabbit, turkey, beef without fat;
• dairy: hypoallergenic milk mixtures, kefir, low-fat cottage cheese, soft hard cheese;
• cereals and cereals: rice, pearl barley, barley, corn and buckwheat porridge;
• vegetables: zucchini, cucumbers, cabbage, turnips, lettuce, eggplant, dill, potatoes;
• fruits and berries: blueberries, white and red currants, plums, gooseberries, dried dried fruits;
• rye bread, wheat croutons, vegetable oil.

When preparing meals for a baby prone to urticaria or atopic dermatitis, it is better to choose recipes in which foods are heat-treated: steamed, boiled, stewed or baked.

An allergic child should be seen by an allergist or immunologist. In kindergarten, his meals are made according to a special medical menu.

Diet for children 3 years and older who suffer from allergies

In fact, the nutrition of a 3-5 year old child with allergies is not much different from the menu recommended for younger children. The only difficulty is that many kids at this age attend kindergarten and eat out of the house.

When enrolling an allergic child in a preschool institution, his parents must notify the administration and teachers directly about what products he has an unhealthy reaction to.

This information is also noted in the medical card, which is kept by a nurse attached to the kindergarten. It’s good if the institution has a dietitian who organizes the child’s meals according to an individual menu.

Mom and dad of a 7-year-old child should also be vigilant. If he has an allergy to certain foods, they should warn the school principal and class teacher about this. As a snack, an allergic schoolchild can be given green and yellow apples, pears, cereals with hard mild cheese, white yogurt, biscuits and home-made unsweetened bread croutons.

Obviously, a hypoallergenic diet for children of different ages is not too strict. On it, the child receives sufficient, varied, and most importantly, healthy food.

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1. Be sure to carefully plan and create a menu for your child.. Eliminate all products that do not suit him. Keep a diary and write down all the changes that occur in the baby after eating. Reflect the condition of his skin, as well as the estimated time when the manifestations occur. This will make it easier for you to understand which foods have allergenic characteristics and can harm the child's body.
2. If your child attends kindergarten, be sure to tell the kindergarten health worker that your child has allergies. Describe what foods are contraindicated for him. The caregiver and health worker should carefully monitor what the baby eats while away from home. In kindergarten, they are responsible for his health. It would be great if there was a choice of dishes in the garden. Now this principle is practiced frequently. If not, the healthcare professional should eliminate the side dish or main dish for allergic babies and replace it with something else.
3. Do not indulge the whims of the child! All kids love sweets. However, it should be understood: if the baby has an allergy, then such pampering can even be deadly. In severe cases, after meeting with the allergen, the child's body may react with Quincke's edema or spasm of the larynx. This is a very dangerous complication that requires the immediate provision of qualified medical care. If suddenly, after eating or snacking, your baby begins to choke or turns blue, urgently call a children's ambulance. It is necessary to act very quickly, since the time to save a child's life goes by in minutes.
4. Teach your child healthy eating habits. At the table, it is better to eat about the same food that the baby eats. So you show him that he is not at all some kind of sick or deprived of something. It's just healthy food, and that's how everyone eats. Be sure to praise your baby when he eats the right and healthy foods well. Look after yourself! If you allow yourself to snack or drink tea with chocolates or cakes, then do not be surprised why your baby reaches for the "yummy". All babies from two years old are similar in behavior to little monkeys. This is due to the development of their psyche. In their behavior, they accurately copy those around them or their parents. Be a real good example for your child. His health now and in the future depends on you.
5. All children with allergic diseases or intolerance to certain foods should be observed by an immunologist. With a calm course of the disease (without frequent exacerbations and rashes), visit a doctor at least once a year. This is necessary for dynamic monitoring of the state of the child's body.

If an allergy occurs in a child to any irritant, you have to say goodbye to your usual life. During this period, the main thing is to alleviate the condition of the baby, eliminating any negative impact. If the question concerns a food reaction, then a diet for allergies in a child must be followed.

Why is diet important for allergies?

Allergic spots on the body of a child up to a year

An allergic reaction is caused by the effect of an irritant on the body. Therefore, in addition to drug therapy, a set of measures is needed, including the exclusion of the influence of the allergen and the introduction of hypoallergenic nutrition.
The transition to a diet menu is necessary for:

treatment of allergies, since allergens are excluded when changing the diet;

diagnostics, that is, identifying an irritant from the list of food products.

Hypoallergenic nutrition is especially important for allergies in a young child. During this period, you can quickly identify the source of the allergy due to the limited list of foods consumed by the child. It is also necessary to check the body's reaction to other allergic foods in order to avoid complications in the future.

Diet stages

If an allergy occurs, it is important to start adhering to nutrition in a timely manner, in accordance with a hypoallergenic menu. At different stages of an allergic reaction, nutrition includes a certain list of products, and also differs in features.

1. The initial stage of an allergic reaction, characterized by acute manifestations, includes the most stringent nutritional requirements. During this period, there is a rejection of all products that not only give a negative reaction in children, but also potentially cause allergies.
2. After the attenuation of the acute period and the reduction of symptoms for several months, a menu is introduced that includes only hypoallergenic nutrition. At this stage, dishes with an increased allergic ability and substances that can cause cross-allergies are excluded.
3. When the allergy passes, nutrition enters the recovery stage of the body. During this period, you can try to introduce previously prohibited dishes with the obligatory monitoring of reactions. Substances that irritate the body are categorically excluded.

It must be remembered that nutrition should be balanced and enriched with healthy foods.

Nutrition in the acute period of allergy

Children with allergies may experience symptoms of the reaction to varying degrees.
At the time of the acute stage of the disease, it is imperative to adhere to a certain diet. The child is on a strict diet. During this period, hyperreactivity of the body is observed.
As a result of this, it can increase the reaction to the stimulus, as well as respond with negative manifestations to familiar foods. Therefore, a diet for allergies in a child is observed.
Heavy and especially dangerous foods for an allergic person are the strongest food allergens:

seafood, fish products, caviar;

• cheeses and yoghurts;

  eggs and are processed with its content;

  smoked products;

  products of conservation and pickling;

• spices and herbs;

  citrus;

  fresh berries and fruits;

These foods can trigger an allergic reaction, even if the allergy was not originally food in nature.
Also from the menu must be categorically excluded:

meat and fish broths;

salt and salty foods;

fried food;

sausages, sausages, ham;

Despite the beneficial properties of some vegetables, for allergy sufferers, such fresh fruits can have a detrimental effect. Prohibited vegetables include:

• bell pepper;

Negative consequences can also occur when entering the menu:

strawberries;

strawberries;

• peaches

• grapes;

  sea ​​buckthorn;

It is strictly forbidden to use margarine and fats with refractory properties during the period of exacerbation. From drinks it is necessary to refuse the use of coffee, cocoa, kvass, fruit juices.

What is allowed to be consumed?

Parents of children with allergies are often afraid to introduce foods into their diet. This is due to the fact that they can cause a reaction. However, there are a large number of dishes that are allowed to be included in the menu during the hypoallergenic diet.

Vegetables and dishes from them

Children in the diet can be introduced dishes from hypoallergenic vegetables. These include:

• celery;

  parsnip;

  squash.

When cooking, you can add any greens: parsley, dill, bay leaf.
Many mothers tend to add potato dishes to the menu. However, this vegetable is not hypoallergenic. Despite this, it is allowed to include it in the diet of children with one condition: before use, potatoes must be soaked in water for half a day. During this time, the tubers will “give up” unnecessary starch, which often causes allergies.

Completely excluded vegetables: carrots, tomatoes, red bell peppers.

It is worth completely eliminating all red vegetables for the duration of the diet: tomato, carrot, red bell pepper. They contribute to the development of allergic reactions.
Since fried foods are excluded from the diet, vegetables can be stewed, steamed, and also baked in the oven. The child is allowed to use soups, stews, mashed potatoes.

Meat products

With allergies, you should not give up meat. After all, it contains valuable minerals for children. However, during this period it is worth eating dietary meats. Children's nutrition should be enriched with healthy types of meat:

turkey;

rabbit;

• lean pork;

  lamb.

Avoid eating beef. This is due to the fact that with an allergy to milk, intolerance to beef meat can develop. Therefore, it is worth eliminating all products that may contain cow protein.

cereals

Cereals can be an excellent side dish and an independent breakfast dish. In this case, there are not so many restrictions. Almost all cereals are included in the menu for allergies in children. Allowed use:

• hercules;

• corn;

Also, as a side dish, you can cook green beans, which are sold fresh-frozen.

Bread and butter

Hypoallergenic include linseed, sesame and olive oil.

Children are often allergic to wheat. The reaction occurs under the influence of the gluten protein. Therefore, when choosing bread, preference should be given to varieties that do not consist of wheat flour. You should also be careful with bread containing oats and barley.
Among the permitted types of bread are:

Darnitsky bread;

diet bread without fiber, sugar and additives in the composition.

When cooking various dishes, it is allowed to add oils. At the same time, it is better to abandon sunflower, replacing it with linseed, sesame or olive oil.

Fruits and sweets

With food allergies, you should not completely abandon fruits and sweets. Some products not only do not harm, but also cheer up a small allergy sufferer. Children are allowed to eat:

pears and apples (green);

white cherry;

white currant;

yellow plums.

As in the case of vegetables, you should stop eating red fruits and berries. Of particular danger is the watermelon, which in the process of growing is able to absorb all harmful substances. Also, a berry bought from the road can be toxic due to exposure to exhaust gases.
Grapes are a heavy and dangerous fruit. It is not recommended for small children, especially those who are prone to allergies.

Children are very fond of sweets, but most often it in large quantities has a detrimental effect on the young body.

Dark grape varieties can cause the greatest reaction.
Sweets in large quantities can harm the children's body. However, they cannot be completely excluded. After all, they contain glucose, which is necessary for the normal functioning of the brain. Therefore, if the source of a food allergy is known, then it is necessary to exclude exactly those products that contain it.
Often children have a reaction to honey. Despite all the useful properties, it has an increased degree of allergy. Therefore, for the duration of the diet, it must be completely excluded.

Beverages

During the period of food allergies in children, it is allowed to drink various types of drinks. Among them are:

green and white tea;

still mineral water;

compote from permitted fruits and berries.

Purchased juices should be excluded from the daily menu, as they often cause allergies.

Approximate nutrition of the child during the diet

To diversify your diet during the allergy diet, you can think about the proposed menu for breakfast, lunch and dinner in advance.
For breakfast, it is recommended to eat cereals cooked in water:

buckwheat;

rice with apples;

wheat with currants.

You can also cook pies with cabbage, fruit, plum pie.
In the morning, you can give your child tea, dried fruit compote.
For lunch, the first course should be mandatory. You can cook:

A diet for allergies in a child should be compiled only with the consent of a pediatrician or an allergist. The doctor must evaluate how varied and rational baby food will be with the exclusion of allergens. He should also note new products that, in terms of the degree of nutrients and minerals, should not be lower than those excluded from the diet.
If the diet in children is observed, the load on the organs and systems of the body is significantly reduced. Therefore, it becomes easier for them to deal with the manifestations of allergies. It is important for parents during this period to support the child so that he likes proper nutrition. To track reactions, the mother should keep a diary in which he will note the number of products introduced and the condition of the child after eating them. In the absence of reactions, the introduction of new products can be continued.

Nutrition is important for a child, especially an allergic person. Parents must understand that proper diet the child will relieve the symptoms of allergies, and also help to avoid many diseases that can develop on the background of allergies: cough, runny nose, asthma.

What should be included in menu for older children? What to feed an allergic teenager?

Hypoallergenic diet: standard menu

Before you paint the diet of the child yourself, see an allergist . He will tell you how to develop a special diet for the treatment or acute symptoms of allergies.

Of course, the doctor will take into account physiological needs of a teenager in minerals, vitamins and essential nutrients that are so necessary for the child's body.

If there is no allergist in your city, you can safely visit the same pediatrician or nutritionist.

Hypoallergenic diet - the main menu for a child. This is the standard, basic diet. Based on it, you can create an individual diet. Such a diet can be followed by an allergic person throughout life and can become a good habit.

Answering a few key questions about a hypoallergenic diet for a child

• What should be the products?

All products must be steamed, boiled or cooked in the oven. It is also worth excluding foods containing food additives and dyes from the diet, and purchasing only fresh, natural products.

• What to exclude from the diet?

Firstly, fish, seafood, soy products, cow's milk, tomatoes, bananas, eggs, strawberries, grapes, cocoa have a high level of allergenicity. They should not be used at all.
Secondly, spices, exotic fruits, sweets may contain substances harmful to a teenager.
Third Even the most common vegetables — like red peppers, radishes, and sauerkraut — can trigger some allergy symptoms. They can be used, but under the supervision of a doctor.
As for fruits, then the following are prohibited: raspberry, blackberry, peach, pomegranate, pineapple, kiwi.

• How to diversify the menu?

If you know what the child has an allergen, then it is better to exclude products with its content. But food that does not cause allergies can be introduced into the diet, but in small doses - about 10-20 grams. So you will definitely make sure that a teenager can eat certain foods.

It is worth noting that an allergic reaction in the body can occur in the first hours after eating any food.

Sample menu for an allergic teenager

Every morning you need to teach your child to drink 20-30 minutes before meals, a glass of water with the juice of half a lemon . Due to this, the liver is cleared of toxins and toxins, the period of exacerbation of allergies is softened.

Monday

• For breakfast cook oatmeal porridge in water with apples or applesauce.
• At lunch offer your child soup with lentils or peas in chicken broth, as well as boiled rice with beef, green tea.
• For dinner he can eat a casserole of cottage cheese and raisins, drink tea or water.

Tuesday

• Satisfy hunger in the morning corn porridge will help, if there is no allergy to cow's milk, you can add a piece of butter to the dish.
• At lunch offer your child chicken breast broth with herbs and vegetables. Do not add to it those foods that a teenager is allergic to. On the second - buckwheat and boiled turkey.
• For dinner the child eats a carrot casserole. May add sour cream, again, if he is not allergic to cow's milk.

Wednesday

Thursday

• Breakfast the child will start with a salad of cottage cheese, cucumbers, parsley and dill. Can drink a glass of yogurt.
• At lunch prepare milk soup for him, as well as potato meatballs, green tea.
• For dinner Carrot casserole and green tea will do.

Friday

• Satisfy your morning hunger millet or barley porridge. Choose which one to cook based on the taste preferences of the child.
• At lunch feed him chicken breast and herb broth and stewed cabbage. Can drink green tea.
• For dinner let him eat a potato casserole with cabbage, drink tea or water.

Saturday

Sunday

• For breakfast you can cook baked apples with cottage cheese and raisins, drink a glass of low-fat kefir.
• At lunch a light soup of rice and vegetables is suitable, as well as boiled chicken breast or boiled beef with buckwheat, a glass of water.
• For dinner you can offer a teenager dumplings with potatoes, but in no case with cherries, strawberries and other fruits. Add sour cream, dill, parsley to the dish. You can drink green tea with food.

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Allergen products

• Chicken eggs;
• Cow's milk and often goat's milk and products from them, except for fermented milk;
• Sea and river fish, especially smoked;
• Seafood - shrimp, lobster and crabs;
• Goose or duck meat;
• Mushrooms;
• Red and orange fruits and vegetables;
• Soy and all soy;
• Wheat and all grains containing gluten;
• Smoked meat and sausage;
• Sauces, ketchups and mayonnaise of industrial production;
• Spicy herbs and root vegetables, vinegar;
• Sunflower oil;
• Nuts (walnuts, almonds, peanuts, hazelnuts);
• Sweets, especially chocolate;
• Honey and bee products;
• White wheat bread, buns, cookies and waffles;
• Canned food and any products with food colorings and additives;
• Spices other than bay leaf.

What should the baby eat then? All products from the list during the period of exacerbation of the disease can really cause a significant blow to the baby's body, but during the period of long-term remission they can be introduced into the diet only by acting carefully and slowly.

This is how we introduced new products into complementary foods for a child up to a year old, and this is how we introduce an allergen product into the menu of allergic children - in small portions, starting with 1-2 teaspoons. The metabolism will gradually be rebuilt to a new product, build a protective mechanism and over time will perceive it as friendly. The hypoallergenic children's menu will gradually expand, and narrow during periods of seasonal exacerbations.

Dietary vegetable dishes for children with allergies

Allowed vegetable crops:

• zucchini and squash;
• any cabbage (except red cabbage);
• cucumbers;
• potatoes (only soaked from starches) and Jerusalem artichoke;
• green and onion, parsnip, celery, dill, parsley and bay leaf.

What hypoallergenic dishes for children can be prepared from vegetables?

1. Vegetables steamed and in a slow cooker.
2. Vegetable stews in the oven, with or without meat.
3. Salads of fresh cucumbers and cabbage with herbs.
4. Soups on meat or vegetable broth.
5. Mashed potatoes on vegetable broth with the addition of other permitted vegetables.

Recipes for children's diet vegetables

Cabbage and apple salad

We chop the white cabbage very finely, grate the apple and mix these components. Sprinkle with apple juice and stir. Prunes, cut into thin strips, can be added to the salad. Serve with hot potato stew or porridge.

Soup with cauliflower and kohlrabi

This delicious soup will be loved by both younger and older family members. It is prepared very easily, the color is fresh, the taste is delicate.

For the soup, we need the following vegetables:

• cauliflower - 3-4 inflorescences,
• kohlrabi cabbage - half a spherical stem,
• parsley root - a small piece,
• oatmeal - 2 tablespoons,
• parsley and dill - to taste.
• a little butter and sour cream - for dressing.

Cooking

Peeled parsley root and kohlrabi turnip stem are cut into thin strips and slightly lowered in a saucepan with warmed butter.

We put on fire a pan with 1 liter of meat or vegetable broth (you can also take plain water). We put the cauliflower, disassembled into small inflorescences, into the boiling broth, add the flakes and add the parsley root and kohlrabi, which are lowered in a saucepan.

Cook vegetables until soft. If desired, you can add a couple of sliced ​​​​potatoes.

Serve with sour cream, adding a little salt to the soup right in the bowl.

Zucchini stuffed in a double boiler

Ingredients

• Zucchini - 2 fruits
• Low-fat veal - 400 g
• Onion - 1 bulb
• Salt - a little
• Parsley - a few sprigs
• Sour cream - 2 tbsp.

Cooking

1. First, prepare the minced meat: wash the meat and onion, cut into pieces and scroll twice in a meat grinder.
2. My zucchini, cut off the ends and cut across the fruit into pieces 5-6 cm long. From each “barrel” we select the pulp with a spoon, forming a void for stuffing it with meat. Finely chop the pulp without seeds and add to the prepared minced meat.
3. Mix ground meat with onions with zucchini pulp, chopped parsley (only leaves!), Add some salt and add half the sour cream. We fill the voids near the zucchini with the stuffing, put it in the double boiler basket and cook for 50 minutes.
4. Serve topped with sour cream.

From zucchini and squash, you can cook green caviar, pancakes on oatmeal without eggs, bake with cottage cheese in the oven and many other interesting dishes. The main thing is to turn on your imagination!

Potatoes with cottage cheese baked in foil

This is a very tasty but simple dish that children love very much. It's very easy to prepare.

Medium-sized potato tubers (2 pcs.) Peel and cut into slices 5 mm thick, soak for an hour in cold water.

While the potatoes are soaking, prepare the minced curd: grind 200 g of cottage cheese through a sieve, add dill greens (a little), add some salt and mix with sour cream (2 tbsp).

Brush the center of the foil square with olive oil. Now we cover each potato circle with minced curd, as we prepare a sandwich, lay out our “sandwiches” in layers in a checkerboard pattern in the center of the foil and add about a quarter cup of water.

We wrap the free edges of the foil and diligently pinch them to lock in moisture. Bake in the oven for 30-40 minutes. Serve directly in foil (children will love this serving very much!) With sour cream or baby kefir.

Recipes for meat dishes for allergic children

If goose and duck meat causes allergies, then beef (veal), turkey and rabbit are dietary products. Meat must be included in the child's menu, as it is rich in iron and high-grade proteins.

Turkey cutlets with zucchini

Ingredients

• Turkey meat - 400 g
• Zucchini - half a fruit or about 150 g
• Rice flour - 2 tbsp.
• Salt - a little

Cooking

Grind the pieces of turkey meat and zucchini in a meat grinder, add flour, add some salt and mix thoroughly. We beat the minced meat against the walls of the dish and then form small cutlets out of it. We put them in the bowl of a double boiler, which we pre-lubricate with olive oil, and steam for about 50 minutes. Serve with sour cream and any side dish.

These cutlets can also be cooked in a saucepan. We put the formed cutlets in a saucepan, the bottom of which is also greased with olive oil, pour 1 glass of water and simmer for about 40-50 minutes.

Dietary meat dishes for allergy sufferers are as diverse as for healthy people. Their recipe lacks only carrots and spices. Therefore, you can cook cabbage rolls, and stuffed green peppers, and meat rolls, and meatballs, and stew, and even create delicious pilaf!

Baby hypoallergenic cereals

The dietary children's menu contains a lot of cereals both as a side dish and as a dessert. From allowed cereals, we can cook rice, oatmeal, corn and buckwheat porridge. But it also happens that this list can be either wider or narrower.

Milk porridges are boiled in milk obtained from dry milk mixtures, or in soy, rice milk or in water. Porridge boiled in water is not necessarily tasteless. If you offer your baby dessert porridge, then a grated apple, banana, juicy pear or a couple of plums can enrich its taste.

If you are preparing porridge for meat or vegetables, then prepare a salad of cucumbers and cabbage, zucchini pancakes, stew white cabbage or serve boiled broccoli with sour cream.

Desserts for allergic children

Unfortunately, small children with allergies are not recommended to sweeten desserts. And honey, unfortunately, is impossible. Therefore, dried fruits (from those allowed) and fresh fruits can serve as sweeteners: apple, green pear, banana, kiwi.

The best hypoallergenic desserts are prepared on the basis of children's kefir or cottage cheese. The main thing is that both cottage cheese and kefir are not sour. In this case, the addition of a banana or sweet pear solves the dessert's sweetness problem.

banana oatmeal cookies

These delicious cookies will be a real joy for your baby, and you will be happy to taste a few things!

For diet cookies we need:

• 1 cup oatmeal (flakes)
• 2 bananas (ripe)
• a handful of light raisins and a handful of dried fruits (apples and pears),
• olive oil for greasing the mold.

Making these cookies is a real pleasure! We knead bananas with a fork, put oatmeal and dried fruits in them (crush large pieces into tiny cubes), mix and form cookies. Spread on a baking sheet, previously oiled with olive oil, and bake in a very hot oven for 15 minutes.

From drinks it is allowed to prepare a decoction of dried fruits from apples and pears, or from fresh fruits. Delicious drink and green tea with stevia herb, which contains glycosides that sweeten the drink. It is not only a natural sweetener, but also a very valuable medicinal herb.

Dear mothers! We hope that our simple tips will help you create a dietary children's menu for an allergic person, which you can easily implement by preparing dishes according to your child's taste preferences. We hope that growing up your baby will get stronger, his metabolism will normalize, and together you will start cooking everything that was previously forbidden!

tvoi-povarenok.ru

For an allergic child, a correctly selected menu is a guarantee of good health. The right diet not only alleviates the symptoms of allergies, but also helps to avoid a host of concomitant diseases. To correctly compose the menu, let's decide on the ingredients that need to be excluded.

What can cause allergies

The list of foods that can cause allergies is quite extensive. For some people, only 2-3 foods may be allergens, while for others, most foods are problematic.

Top 10 Food Allergens:

• Milk. It also applies to other products containing milk (lactose): cheeses, yogurts, butter, cottage cheese, sometimes veal or beef meat.
• Eggs. You should be careful with products containing eggs: cakes, pasta, mayonnaise, pastries.
• Honey. May cause severe allergies due to plant pollen.
• Fish. Allergy to seafood and fish is rare, but it is the strongest in terms of the degree of action.
• Gluten. It is an allergen found in barley, oats, wheat, rye.
• Fruits. The most allergenic fruits of bright colors: strawberries and all citrus fruits. Kiwis and pineapples can also be unsafe.
• Meat. A fairly rare allergen. Adverse reactions are usually associated with consumption of beef (if allergic to milk) and chicken (if allergic to eggs).
• Vegetables. Most often unsafe: tomatoes, eggplant, zucchini and carrots.
• Nuts. Peanuts and almonds (these are found in various children's sweets).
• Chocolate. Chocolate itself is not an allergen, but it makes the body vulnerable to other allergens.

If the allergen has not yet been identified, it is better to draw up a child's menu, taking into account all the products that can cause a negative reaction.

Allergy child menu

The main thing in the menu of an allergic child is a hypoallergenic diet, that is, a basic diet, based on which it is possible to choose an individual diet.

Diet Options

For breakfast:

1. Pancakes made from buckwheat flour without eggs, with pieces of fruit or berries that do not cause allergies. Weak tea.
2. Pumpkin porridge. Apple juice.
3. Rice porridge with grated banana (or apple). Dried fruits compote.

For lunch:

1. First course: Vegetable soup based on: cabbage, potatoes, celery, green peas, parsley, carrots, beans. Various cereals are added to the soup.
   Second course: Boiled rice with rabbit stew.
2. First course: Rice soup with rabbit broth.
   Second course: Buckwheat porridge with stewed cabbage.
3. First course: Borscht on turkey broth (without tomato and overcooking).
   Second course: Potato pancakes (for fastening, use 1-2 tablespoons of semolina instead of eggs).

For an afternoon snack:

1. Fruit (berry) puree. Green tea.
2. Lenten pancakes with banana. Dried fruits compote.
3. Rice casserole with fruits. Apple juice.

For dinner:

1. Mashed potatoes on the water, steamed turkey meatballs. Salad of grated apple and cabbage.
2. Vegetable pigeons. Two slices of rye bread.
3. Buckwheat and minced rabbit casserole (poached onions and carrots are mixed with minced meat and boiled buckwheat, baked in the oven). Salad of fresh cucumbers and dill.

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General principles for the formation of a diet for allergies in a child

During the formation of the diet, it is very important to take into account the characteristics of the child's body.

So, it must be remembered that children, to a much greater extent than adults, need protein and fiber. This is due to the extremely high activity of the child (especially at the age of 3-7 years), and the need to "finish" all systems and organs. But it so happened that it is animal protein that most often provokes an inadequate immune response.

The second point is the high prevalence of allergy to cow's milk protein. In addition, there are certain differences between "children's" food allergies and "adult":

• in most children, the immune reaction is combined with a non-immune one (the so-called pseudo-allergy is realized);
• most often polyallergenic sensitization takes place;
• the older the child, the higher the likelihood of developing a cross-allergy.

The last point is connected, first of all, with the expansion of the child's diet.

Taking into account all the above features, we can distinguish the basic principles for the formation of any hypoallergenic diet - both specific and non-specific:

• a diet is necessary for any allergic disease, whether it is food hypersensitivity, hay fever or contact dermatitis;
• with food allergies, it is imperative to accurately determine the trigger allergen;
• it is necessary to exclude animal protein as completely as possible and replace it with vegetable protein;
• the use of fermented milk products is acceptable;
• mandatory exclusion of histamine liberator products;
• it is important to exclude not only causative allergens, but also cross irritants (especially important for hay fever);
• requires strict control of the usefulness and balance of the diet.

Rules to follow

An individual selection of a diet for allergies in a child is important

Another point worth focusing on is the rules that must be followed if a child needs a hypoallergenic diet:

1. Working in tandem with an allergist. You can not independently exclude foods from the diet or introduce them, especially in severe allergies;
2. Strict compliance. You can not "follow the lead" of a child asking for an allergenic product. It is important to remember that with true allergies, even a small portion is enough to form a severe allergic reaction;
3. Timely adjustment. There is a possibility of self-healing of some types of allergies with age, as well as the emergence of new ones;
4. Hypoallergenic life. Must go in conjunction with a diet - regular wet cleaning, the absence of mold, dust in the house, if possible, pets, the use of air filters.

Stages of entering a diet for allergies in a child

1. Identification of a trigger factor, selection of a diet. Provocative tests, scarification tests, empirical diet therapy are carried out. The duration of this stage is the higher, the more allergens are direct irritants;
2. Supportive care. The longest stage in diet therapy (its duration varies from 3-5 months to several years. At this stage, all foods that are allergenic to humans are excluded;
3. Diet expansion. The transition criterion is complete clinical and laboratory remission. At this stage, starting from the minimum doses, minimally allergenic products are introduced first, then cross-allergens and, in case of successful introduction, attempts are made to introduce more and more strong allergens.

Non-specific diet

A non-specific diet means the exclusion of all highly allergenic foods. She is appointed on the very first visit to an allergist with complaints about the presence of hypersensitivity reactions.

Elimination diets of the most "broad spectrum" are used. According to I.V. Borisova, professor of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, all products are divided into three types according to the degree of their allergenic activity. Highlight products:

High Activity:

Medium activity:

Weak activity:

The Union of Pediatricians of Russia offers a similar scheme for distributing products according to their allergenicity:

Table: Diet for allergies in a child from the Union of Pediatricians of Russia (part 1) Table: Diet for allergies in a child from the Union of Pediatricians of Russia (part 2)

Dr. E.O. Komarovsky names the six most allergenic foods:

• egg;
• peanut;
• milk protein;
• wheat;
• fish.

Ado hypoallergenic diet for children

Photo: Professor Andrei Dmitrievich Ado

HELL. Ado, a Soviet pathophysiologist, immunologist and allergist, studying the trigger mechanisms of allergic reactions, found out that there are products that are practically obligate (mandatory) allergens, and there are those that are relatively safe in terms of allergies.

The Ado diet for allergic children, formed back in 1987, is based on this: the exclusion of “aggressive” food and its replacement with a more gentle one.

The advantages of this diet:

• a specific list of foods that should not be consumed, rather than a lengthy definition of "dangerous food";
• exclusion of all allergens at once, which ensures the rapid elimination of the clinical symptoms of allergies;
• the ability to introduce obligate allergens into the diet in turn, finding out which irritant the reaction develops to.

However, this technique also has disadvantages:

• extreme nonspecificity;
• lack of focus on the individual characteristics of each child.

What is possible with this hypoallergenic diet for a child, and what is not

According to Ado, you can use the following products:

It is necessary to remove from the diet without fail:

Hypoallergenic diet menu for children for 7 days (according to Ado)

Thus, the diet menu for children for a week may look like this:

Day of the week	Breakfast	Dinner	afternoon tea	Dinner	Second dinner
Monday	Oatmeal on water, butter sandwich, sweet tea	Soup in vegetable broth, broccoli with boiled tongue, cabbage salad with vegetable oil, apple compote	Hard cookie, peach juice	Mashed potatoes, beef meatballs, tea	Kefir, gingerbread
Tuesday	Pancakes on the water with apple jam, chicory	Buckwheat porridge on the water, beef stroganoff, tea	Apple, savory biscuit	Stuffed cabbage, tea	Ryazhenka, savory biscuits
Wednesday	Porridge "five cereals" on the water, a sandwich with butter, tea	Vegetable puree soup, vegetable stew with sausage, tea	Drinkable yogurt, Viennese waffles	Braised cabbage with sausage	Kefir, gingerbread
Thursday	Yogurt, banana, bread, tea	Noodles, ground beef cooked in a double boiler or fried without oil, dried fruit compote	Prunes	Vegetable stew with sausage, cranberry juice	Carrots with sour cream and sugar
Friday	Baked apples, raisins, cherry juice	Pea soup with vegetable broth, mashed potatoes with beef stew, coleslaw, tea	Yogurt, yeast-free dough puff	Boiled rice, cauliflower, green beans, tongue, rosehip	Kefir, gingerbread
Saturday	Dairy-free rice porridge, cheese toast, chicory	Buckwheat porridge with beef meatballs, tea	Dried apricots	Cucumber salad with olive oil, vegetable puree soup	Ryazhenka, cookies
Resurrection	Cottage cheese casserole with jam, tea	Boiled beef, cabbage salad, chicory	Curd with banana	Noodles with sausage, peach juice	Yogurt, dried fruits

It is worth noting that this diet is suitable for a child of any age (over 2 years old), but is exemplary and requires adjustment in portion sizes.

specific diet

In this section, it is worth considering the types of dietary nutrition for various diseases and symptom complexes, and separately for food allergies to specific groups of irritants. Despite the fact that, in general, dietary tables are similar. Each case has its own characteristics.

Diet for respiratory allergies

When allergic to pollen (especially birch), it is important to exclude cross-allergens

With pollinosis, it is most important to exclude cross-allergens. This is necessary in order to avoid the development of oral allergic syndrome. Depending on which plant pollen becomes an irritant, there are lists of cross-allergens.

In bronchial asthma, which often becomes a symptom or outcome of hay fever, the main symptom of which is broncho-obstructive syndrome, it is extremely important to exclude honey from the diet so as not to provoke an episode of bronchial obstruction and, as a result, suffocation, cough, heaviness in the chest.

Diet for skin allergies

Photo: Atopic dermatitis

It has been proven that when it comes to treating children with allergic dermatitis caused not by food allergies, but by direct contact with the allergen, as well as with eczema, with urticaria provoked by this factor, diet therapy does not play a significant role.

But a hypoallergenic diet for children with atopic dermatitis should be chosen much more carefully and with caution. This is especially important if atopic dermatitis is caused by food allergies.

In this case, the elimination of the trigger factor is actually etiopathogenetic therapy and determines the success of the treatment. But even in the absence of a direct reaction of an allergic person to food, it is necessary to follow a non-specific diet.

Diet for food allergies in children

With food allergies, the exclusion of the trigger allergen itself, as well as all cross-stimuli, is of key importance.

There are several main options for diet tables:

• diet without milk
• diet for hypersensitivity to cereals;
• diet for hypersensitivity to egg protein;
• soy allergy diet
• diet for allergies to yeast and mold.

Dairy free diet

Photo: Manifestations of an allergy to milk protein

This type of diet can be prescribed for hypersensitivity to cow's milk protein. In the most difficult situation, when the child does not tolerate either milk or dairy products, you should refrain from drinking:

Often traces of milk protein can contain:

• confectionery, sweets;
• creams and sauces;
• waffles;
• biscuit;
• sausage and sausages.

• casein;
• casein hydrolyzate;
• buttermilk;
• sodium caseinate;
• potassium caseinate;
• calcium caseinate;
• lactalbumin;
• lactoglobulin.

It is necessary to compensate for the lack of milk and dairy products with lean meat, poultry, soy, legumes. Mandatory control over the intake of calcium in the body. Age norms:

You can compensate for calcium deficiency with vitamin complexes, as well as fish, legumes, and vegetables. You need to take vitamin D.

Diet for allergies to cereals

From the child's diet should be excluded:

It is important to pay attention to such names on the packaging:

• vegetable protein (including its hydrolysates);
• vegetable starch;
• malt and flavorings based on it;
• monosodium glutamate.

Be careful with emulsifiers, thickeners, flavors, which also often contain cereal proteins.

You can compensate for these products with barley, oats, rye, rice, buckwheat, cornmeal. However, this should be done with caution, keeping in mind the possibility of developing cross-allergies.

Diet for egg allergy

It is necessary to remove from the consumed products everything that contains egg white:

You should beware of such names on the label:

To replace egg white (and this is usually required for baking), you can use flaxseed, soy flour and cottage cheese, gelatin, potato starch. In addition, a large number of recipes are available for the preparation of which eggs are not required.

Soy allergy diet

It is necessary to exclude dishes in which this product is used, incl. some sausages, sausages, minced meat, dough, coffee, chocolate, ice cream, margarine. Do not eat soy sauce.

In case of hypersensitivity to yeast, you should not:

• muffin;
• vinegar;
• sauerkraut;
• dairy products;
• fruit juices;
• kvass;
• alcoholic drinks, especially beer (especially true for teenagers!).

Diet for other diseases

With hemorrhagic vasculitis, which has another name - allergic purpura - diet therapy is very important. On the one hand, food allergy is often the cause of autoimmune aseptic inflammation. On the other hand, one of the main elements of the treatment of hemorrhagic vasculitis is the appointment of hormonal drugs.

However, this disease is not treated on an outpatient basis, all children are necessarily placed in a hospital, so it is easier to follow a diet. Should be excluded:

• causative allergens (if any);
• products that have ever caused adverse reactions, including allergies or food intolerances;
• obligate allergens.

With Quincke's edema, the diet should also be selected in accordance with the allergic history. If this condition was caused by an insect bite or the administration of a drug, a non-specific diet is sufficient. In the case when the edema was provoked by a food allergen, its exclusion is absolutely necessary.

Hypoallergenic diet for children of all ages

The data above is pretty generic. However, it is impossible to deny that the nutrition of a child at the age of 8 months and 16 years is categorically different things. That is why it is important to highlight the features of a hypoallergenic diet for children of different ages.

Nutrition for children up to a year

For infants, the main allergen is cow's milk protein. That is why products based on it are introduced into complementary foods late, not earlier than the 8th month of life. As for the main type of nutrition, this issue is relevant for those children who are on artificial or mixed feeding.

A mixture of cow's milk is contraindicated for them, hypoallergenic products are needed, for example:

Photo: Nutrilak Peptidi MCT

• Nutrilon Pepti;
• Nutrilak Peptidi;
• Tutteli-Peptidi;
• Nutramigen;
• Pregestimil;
• Frisopep AS.

For children with other types of allergies, hypoallergenic mixtures should also be prescribed, however, it is acceptable to use food based on moderately or partially hydrolyzed casein:

• Nutrilak GA;
• Nutrilon GA;
• Humana GA;
• GA theme
• and etc.

In the event that the child is breastfed, it is necessary to adjust the nutrition of the nursing mother. She may be given a dairy-free or gluten-free diet, or a non-specific hypoallergenic diet may be recommended.

Nutrition for children from one to three years

During this period, diet therapy is especially important.

Hypoallergenic diet for children 1 year old:

1. necessarily implies the exclusion of milk.
2. Dairy products are allowed if they are well tolerated.
3. It is impossible to give the child products from the group of highly allergenic, it is unacceptable to switch to a common table, the food should be lightly salted, without spices, preferably without chemical additives.

Hypoallergenic diet for a child 2 years old:

• allows the introduction of chicken and quail eggs with good tolerance, but does not allow the transition to a common table.

Hypoallergenic diet for a child of 3 years:

• already makes it possible to transfer the child to an "adult" diet, fish and nuts are allowed.
• However, even with a favorable course of the disease, it is not recommended to give the child chocolate, cocoa, tropical fruits, strawberries and wild strawberries, mushrooms, citrus fruits, tomatoes, seasonings.

Diet No. 5 GA for children 1-3 years old - menu

Sample menu for a day of a hypoallergenic diet for young children.

Menu for the day of the hypoallergenic diet No. 5 ha for young children with food allergies

Diet for allergies in children older than three years, adolescents

By and large, a hypoallergenic menu for a week for a child of three and twelve years old differs only in the amount of servings. However, it is much easier to control small children than older ones: pocket money appears, time spent outside the attention of parents.

In older adolescence, prohibitions on:

• alcoholic drinks;
• fast food;
• products with a large number of dyes, flavors, flavorings.

Thus, the formation of a hypoallergenic diet is a very responsible process, in which it is important to take into account many factors, such as the type of allergy, the age of the child, and the trigger factor. Therefore, it is better to entrust the preparation of the diet to a specialist.

We must not forget that the observance of a hypoallergenic diet for children is one of the most important, and sometimes the main, element of the treatment of an allergic disease.

Allergy-center.com

Allergy: risk factors and symptomatic manifestations

This disease is a rejection by the digestive system of a child of a certain category of products - allergens. A negative reaction of the body can manifest itself both immediately after eating food, and after a long time - in the second case we are talking about the so-called delayed disease.

We list the main reactions of the child's body that can be observed with allergies:

1. Skin manifestations. This group of symptoms includes rashes and redness, as well as dry skin. Another unpleasant consequence is itchy skin. Untimely adoption of measures can lead to the fact that the described reactions develop into allergic dermatitis.
2. Reactions of the digestive tract. This group of consequences often includes abdominal pain, nauseous reactions, regurgitation and vomiting. In most allergy sufferers, there is also a violation of the stool of various kinds, swelling. Dysbacteriosis can also refer to the described symptomatic group.
3. Problems with the respiratory system. The baby's body can signal allergies with symptoms such as nasal congestion or a runny nose.

Individually, these symptoms may be due to other diseases, but the presence of reactions from different groups is almost always an indicator of an allergic deviation. The factors for the occurrence of atopy can be completely different:

• violation by the mother of the postulates of healthy eating;
• inadequate development of the digestive system;
• intestinal infections in infancy;
• artificial nutrition introduced too early;
• excessive nutrition;
• too early use of highly allergenic foods, etc.

Whatever the cause of the allergy, the nutrition of a child with such a disease should be carefully monitored by parents in order to avoid further development of the disease and complications.

Reference: Scientists have proven that the main cause of childhood allergies is most often the use of products containing food dyes by the mother - both during pregnancy and during breastfeeding.

Allergens

An allergy is an individual intolerance to a particular product, therefore allergens are different in each case. However, all of them can be classified into three groups, which are presented in the table below.

№	Group Description	Examples
1	High risk of a negative reaction of the child's body	Milk (cow), fish products and seafood, chicken, meat broths (regardless of the type of meat), eggs, citrus fruits, carrots, strawberries, etc.
2	The average risk of a negative reaction of the child's body	Rabbit, pork, buckwheat, rice groats, currants, apricots, bananas, cherries, potatoes, cranberries, etc.
3	Low risk of a negative reaction of the child's body	Some dairy products, horse meat, green vegetables, pumpkin, plum, watermelon, etc.

Statistics say that in 90% of cases, allergic symptoms in babies are caused by milk. Many consider cow's milk to be a good companion for first foods, which eventually turns into problems with the digestion of children. Rejection of this fluid usually manifests itself in the first years of life. The reason for the negative reaction of the body are protein components (for example, albumin), which are found in large quantities in milk. A good alternative is fermented milk products, which are much less likely to cause food allergies and are in the low-risk group.

In second place in terms of the frequency of negative reactions is fish - for almost everyone who has ever encountered an allergy, it is included in the list of significant allergens. The children's body may not tolerate both individual varieties and seafood in general. A feature of the "fish" allergy is that it often does not go away and is observed throughout a person's life. The main reason for the intolerance of this product is the specific proteins contained in river and sea products, which, moreover, do not disappear during heat treatment.

In third place are chicken eggs. A negative reaction to food of this kind is most often accompanied by undesirable reactions of the body to poultry meat and broths on it. It is noteworthy that egg white is much more likely to cause allergy symptoms than the yolk. Intolerance to cereals such as rye and wheat is also often observed, and allergies to rice and buckwheat are less common. In recent years, there has been an increase in cases of allergy to soy, which has become too commonly used as a milk substitute.

For children under the age of six months, multiple allergies are most often characteristic, when the body is susceptible not to one, but to several foods. One of the varieties of such a disease is cross-allergy, which consists in the manifestation of symptoms when using the main product and its analogues: for example, milk and sour cream, apple and pear, etc.

Important: At the first sign of an allergy, unadapted (not intended for children) store products should be abandoned: this includes juices, yogurts, instant cereals, etc. The dyes and preservatives contained in them will only add fuel to the "fire" of the disease.

How to identify an allergen?

Determining what exactly a child is allergic to can be very difficult. A significant narrowing of the diet and the exclusion from it of such highly allergenic foods as milk and meat can harm the baby's body, because such food is the main source of protein necessary for growth and development. Therefore, it is advisable to start looking for the allergen as soon as the first symptoms appear.

Begin the process of identifying allergenic foods by keeping a food diary. The principle is simple: all meals are recorded in printed or paper form, indicating the date, time, foods consumed and their quantity. Allergy symptoms are recorded in the same diary. In this case, as mentioned above, the reaction can be both instantaneous and delayed. Comparing data from the two areas most often helps to determine which food causes a negative reaction in the body. It is better to add new products slowly, and do it in the morning, so that you can track the baby's health throughout the day. If there are no adverse reactions within 72 hours, the next product can be added.

If an allergen is identified, it must be immediately removed from the child's diet. Re-introduction of the product can be tried after 3-4 months - as a rule, during this period, enzymes are formed that can withstand allergic effects. If the symptoms recur, then it is better to postpone eating this kind of food for at least a year.

Important: It is better to study the food diary together with an allergist who can more accurately assess the situation and identify allergens that may not be visible to the unprofessional eye.

There is also a medical way to determine the products that cause unwanted reactions - an allergen test. However, this method by itself is unlikely to give the desired results - a blood test will only show possible allergenic factors that cannot provide accurate information without keeping a diary. For older children, it is also possible to use an injection test - this method involves the introduction of a small dose of the alleged allergen subcutaneously. The injection helps to make sure that you are allergic to a certain substance.

Diet for allergies

The main element of the allergy treatment process is diet. Often, manifestations of the disease are found in breastfed infants - this means that the mother's diet needs to be adjusted. The first product to be excluded is usually cow's milk, further actions depend on the presence of allergic reactions after such an adjustment.

In the case when the child is bottle-fed, special attention should be paid to the mother's milk substitutes used. It is possible to use substitutes such as mixtures based on goat's milk or fermented milk products, which allow you to maintain the level of protein necessary for development. If such options are also accompanied by allergies, then soy mixtures should be used. In any case, manipulations with the baby's diet should be carried out only after receiving the recommendations of the pediatrician.

A mother who is breastfeeding a child needs to follow a hypoallergenic diet. It may include the following foods:

• boiled beef;
• soups and broths on vegetables (preferably without red and orange vegetables);
• vegetable oil;
• cereals;
• yogurt without additives;
• pickled cheese;
• green fruits and vegetables (cucumber, apple, cabbage, herbs, peas);
• dried fruits;
• yeast-free pita bread or dried wheat bread.

When cooking, it is better to refrain from using salt and other spices. If even with such a diet there are rashes or other negative reactions, you can try to exclude one of the products for several days so that it is possible to determine the allergen.

Tip: Do not delay going to the doctor in the hope of getting rid of the symptoms yourself: perhaps the reaction is the result of another disease, and an untimely examination can only aggravate the situation.

Video - Mom's nutrition and child's allergies

Food for children with allergies

The introduction of the first complementary foods is a difficult task for any mother. In the presence of allergies, there are even more questions, and parents are lost in the process: where to start, in what quantity and how to choose complementary foods. The general principle is this: children who have allergies switch to artificial feeding later than their peers. Allergy most often indicates an underdevelopment of the digestive tract, and too early complementary foods in this case can adversely affect the growth and proper development of the child.

For all children, the first product that can be introduced is mashed vegetables. In a normal situation, such complementary foods can be introduced at 6 months, for allergy sufferers it is better to postpone the process for 2-3 months. In any case, this is a very individual question, and only a personal pediatrician can tell a more accurate date. How to choose vegetables for puree? The ideal choice would be those products that are natural for the region where the child lives. In Russia, it can be cucumbers, pumpkins, zucchini. But with the introduction of tomatoes it is better not to rush - in general, all vegetables that have a bright color can provoke undesirable reactions of the child's body. When introducing any complementary foods, it is important to follow the principle of consistency: at least 10 days should elapse between trying new products. They begin to introduce the product literally drop by drop, gradually increasing portions to several tablespoons.

The next type of complementary foods is cereals. You need to start introducing them at least a month later than vegetable purees, so that the baby's body has time to adapt to new products. Porridges are prepared without adding milk and salt, but you can put a teaspoon of butter. If parents prefer dry cereals, be sure to make sure that there are no dairy products and gluten in the composition.

After testing vegetables and cereals, you can begin to introduce meat puree. To do this, it is better to opt for horse meat or rabbit, and low-fat pork and turkey also rarely cause allergies. Beef is next in safety, but allergic chicken should be offered last. The basic principles for introducing such complementary foods are the same as those outlined above. Most often, meat puree is added to vegetable puree, starting with the smallest doses.

Upon reaching the age of one year, fruits can be added to the child's diet. Preference is given to products that have a green color, better - growing in the region where the baby lives. Gradually, the menu can be enriched with bananas, plums, apricots - the main thing is not to forget to follow all the reactions of the young organism. Products that in the table above were classified as a highly allergenic group can be introduced into the diet of a child only after 1.5-2 years and with great care.

Important: When choosing complementary foods, pay special attention to naturalness, expiration date, absence of nitrates and harmful impurities - this will avoid aggravating allergic manifestations.

Video - Nutrition for Allergic Children (Part 1)

Video - Nutrition for Allergic Children (Part 2)

How to reduce food allergenicity?

Helpful cooking tips for kids with allergies:

Probably, it makes no sense to mention that the most useful cooking abilities are boiling (especially steaming), stewing and baking. By the way, it is important to know that even with heat treatment, fruits do not lose their allergic properties, which is why their use begins so late.

Menu for older children

Children over the age of 3 usually eat a much wider range of foods. Therefore, the conditions of the diet for them are more stringent, in particular:

1. If an allergic deviation is suspected, all products classified as a high risk group are removed from the child's usual menu. It is for children aged 3-4 years that the diary and medical allergy tests that have already been described are best suited.
2. After identifying allergens, an individual menu is drawn up (be sure to consult with a pediatrician). Foods that cause negative reactions of the body are completely excluded from the diet. A hypoallergenic diet is observed for 1-3 months - usually during this period, the external traces of the disease completely disappear.
3. When there are no external signs of the disease, the gradual introduction of allergic products can be started. The principle is very similar to the introduction of the first complementary foods: the allergen is introduced in very small doses with a gradual increase in the amount to the standard; at least 10 days should elapse between the introduction of different products. With the repetition of allergic reactions, it makes sense to postpone the expansion of the menu for several months.

In conclusion, I would like to say the following: today allergy is a disease that is inherent in most children around the world. It is curable and certainly not a sentence - therefore, young parents should avoid panic, which can prevent an adequate assessment of the situation and timely access to specialists. If you follow special hypoallergenic diets and carefully monitor the health and behavior of the child, you can get rid of allergies quite quickly and painlessly.

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