Med college combined lesson lymphatic system. Lymph movement
MAOU "Secondary School No. 1", Sterlitamak, Bashkortosta
Grade: 8
Subject: biology
Textbook: A.A.Vakhrushev, E.I.Rodionova, G.E.Belitskaya, A.S.Rautian. Biology. 8th grade. Know yourself.
Teacher: F.N. Sagautdinova
Subject: Lymphatic system
Lesson type: combined
The purpose of the lesson : study of the human lymphatic system as one of the transport systems.
Lesson Objectives :1) study the structure and functions of the lymphatic system; 2) continue to develop the ability to compare and draw conclusions; 3) continue to cultivate the desire for a healthy lifestyle
Equipment : anatomical tables “Circulatory system”, “Heart”, “Lymphatic system”, video film “Lymphatic system” fromYouTubee (you can use any of those presented on the site with a time calculation of up to 5 minutes), flashcards for testing
During the classes :
I . Knowledge activation
1) Frontal survey on the topics “Circulatory system”, “Structure of the heart”
2) Survey at the board on anatomical maps on the following questions:
Systemic and pulmonary circulation
Structure of the heart
Work of the heart
II .Learning new material
Formulation of the problem : How is fluid homeostasis in the blood maintained if the blood concentration is greater than the concentration tissue fluid and there is a constant outflow of water?
Functions of the lymphatic system.
The structure of the lymphatic system.
Watch the video, identify and discuss key points, such as: functions of the lymphatic system, composition and movement of lymph, location of the lymphatic system, structure and functions of lymph nodes, structure lymphatic vessels, difference and similarity with blood vessels, the importance of lymphocytes, comparison of the movement of lymph and the movement of blood through the vessels, comparison of the composition of lymph and the composition of blood.
Repeated explanation on the anatomical table.
Meaning motor activity and sports for the functioning of the lymphatic system. Causes of edema.
Make notes in notebooks yourself using the text of the paragraph:
Functions of the lymphatic system
The structure and constituent organs of the lymphatic system
The structure of lymphatic vessels
III . Consolidation
Working on questions after paragraph 14
IV . Reflection and output control
Frontal conversation, activation of knowledge
Control testing on the topics “Circulatory system of the body”, “Lymphatic system”
V . Homework : Study paragraph 14.
Flashcards for testing:
Option 1
1. Which circulation circle does blood circulation in the heart belong to?
1) small 2) large 3) closed 4) open
2. Which system belongs to transport systems body?
1) excretory 2) digestive 3) musculoskeletal 4) circulatory
3. Which vessels consist of 3 layers?
1) capillaries 2) veins 3) lymphatic capillaries 4) ureters
4. What is bleeding called when skin not violated?
1) nasal 2) internal 3) external 4) gastric
5. Who studied the laws of movement through vessels?
1) Aristotle 2) Harvey 3) Mechnikov 4) Hippocrates
6. What is it called? middle layer vessel walls?
1) smooth muscle 2) striated muscle 3) connective muscle 4) epithelial
7. Where are the bicuspid valves located in the heart?
8. For what type of bleeding is it not necessary to apply a bandage?
9. Which system is not closed?
1) lymphatic 2) circulatory 3) nervous 4) musculoskeletal
10. What is bleeding called when blood flows into the interstitial spaces?
1) nasal 2) internal 3) arterial 4) venous
11. Where does the pulmonary circulation begin?
1) in the left atrium 2) in the right atrium 3) in the left ventricle 4) in the right ventricle
12. What is located along the lymphatic vessels?
1) arteries 2) veins 3) nerve nodes 4) The lymph nodes
13. Where is oxyhemoglobin broken down into hemoglobin and oxygen?
1)capillaries great circle 2) arteries 3) veins 4) capillaries of the small circle
14. How long does atrial systole last? 1)0.1 sec 2)0.3 sec 3)0.4 sec 4)0.8 sec
15. What is a persistent increase called? blood pressure?
1) hypertension 2) hypotension 3) nausea 4) dizziness
_________________________________________________________________________________________
Option 2
1.Which vessels consist of one layer?
1) arteries 2) veins 3) aorta 4) capillaries
2. Who discovered the blood circulation?
1) Harvey 2) Pavlov 3) Mechnikov 4) Hippocrates
3. What organs belong to the circulatory system?
1) kidneys 2) lymph nodes 3) heart 4) lymph vessels
4. What shaped elements blood is formed in the lymph nodes
1) lymphocytes 2) platelets 3) phagocytes 4) erythrocytes
5. Where are the tricuspid valves located in the heart?
1) between the right atrium and the right ventricle 2) between the left atrium and the left ventricle 3) between the left ventricle and the aorta 4) between the atria
6. In what kind of bleeding does blood flow out in a strong, uniform stream?
1) nasal 2) arterial 3) venous 4) capillary
7. Actions for external bleeding:
1) rinse from the reservoir 2) press with your hand 3) apply the first available bandage 4) protect from infection
8. Where does the systemic circulation end?
1) left atrium 2) right atrium 3) left ventricle 4) right ventricle
9. What feature does the heart muscle have?
1) irritability 2) conductivity 3) automaticity 4) contractility
10. Which vessels have pocket valves?
1) veins 2) arteries 3) capillaries 4) aorta
11. How long does cardiac diastole last?
1)0.1 sec 2)0.2 sec 3) 0.4 sec 4)0.3 sec
12. What tissue is the outer layer of veins and arteries made of?
1) connective 2) muscular 3) epithelial 4) smooth muscle
13. What veins does it flow through? arterial blood?
1) superior hollow 2) inferior hollow 3) pulmonary 4) jugular
14. Where is oxyhemoglobin formed?
1) in the large circle 2) in the small circle 3) in the heart 4) in the lymph nodes
15. What tissue is the pericardium formed by? 1) epithelial 2) connective 3) nervous 4) muscular
Answers:
Option 1
1.1, 2.4, 3.2, 4.2, 5.2, 6.1, 7.2, 8.4, 9.1, 10.2, 11.4, 12.4, 13.1, 14.1, 15.1
Option 2
1.4, 2.1, 3.3, 4.1, 5.1, 6.3, 7.4, 8.2, 9.3, 10.1, 11.3, 12.1., 13.3, 14.2, 15.2.
During this lesson we will learn about how lymph circulates through our vessels. Let's talk about their structure and functioning.
Subject:Blood and circulation
Lesson: Movement of Lymph
The main function of the lymphatic system is to remove poisons and toxins from the human body. Thus, it is directly involved in human immunity.
The lymphatic system consists of lymph nodes and lymphatic vessels (see Figure 1).
Rice. 1.
Lymphatic vessels resemble veins in structure (see Fig. 2). They have elastic walls and valves that prevent the reverse flow of liquid.
Rice. 2.
Lymph moves through the vessels, enters the thoracic duct, and from there into the neck veins, where it merges with the bloodstream.
Lymph is formed as a result of the absorption of tissue fluid into the lymphatic capillaries (see Fig. 3).
Rice. 3. Lymph formation
Lymph circulates through the vessels, passing through the lymph nodes.
That is, lymph is one of the fluids that form the internal environment of the body, its composition reminiscent of blood. It does not contain red blood cells and platelets, but large quantities there are lymphocytes.
Lymph flow is provided by the muscles surrounding the lymphatic vessels. They contract, pushing blood upward. And the reverse flow of liquid is prevented by valves in the vessels. Thus, lymph is in constant movement.
Bibliography
1. Kolesov D.V., Mash R.D., Belyaev I.N. Biology. 8. - M.: Bustard.
2. Pasechnik V.V., Kamensky A.A., Shvetsov G.G. / Ed. Pasechnik V.V. Biology. 8. - M.: Bustard.
3. Dragomilov A.G., Mash R.D. Biology. 8. - M.: Ventana-Graf.
Homework
1. Kolesov D.V., Mash R.D., Belyaev I.N. Biology. 8. - M.: Bustard. - P. 105, tasks and question 2, 3.
2. What are lymph nodes made of?
3. What is lymph and how is it formed?
4. Prepare a short report on diseases of the lymphatic system.
In the category Human Lymphatic System are free videos lessons on this topic. The human lymphatic system is part of the vascular system that complements cardiovascular system. It consists of lymphatic capillaries, vessels, nodes, trunks and ducts. The lymphatic system plays important role in cleansing the cells and tissues of the body, and also participates in metabolism. The lymphatic system, unlike the circulatory system, is open-ended and does not have a central pump. The movement of lymph occurs under the action of human muscles, therefore sedentary lifestyle life negatively affects his health. Studying the lymphatic system using video lessons will be useful for both beginners and more advanced experienced doctors. You can watch online lessons from the Lymphatic System category for free at any time. convenient time. Some video lessons on the lymphatic system include: Additional materials, which can be downloaded. Enjoy your learning!
Total materials: 2
Materials shown: 1-2
Pages: 1
Lymph cleansing
This video lesson talks about cleansing the lymph, i.e. human lymphatic system. Toxic poisons enter the body through breathing, nutrition and skin. Then they enter through the blood arterial system and reach the cage. They return through the lymphatic system and enter the venous system and are excreted through the skin, kidneys, liver, digestive system and through the bronchi in the form of mucus. This is a conceptual diagram of purification. Now let's figure out how we can influence it...
Biology lesson in 8th grade. "___"____ 20____
Movement of lymph.
Target. To give students an idea of the structure of the lymphatic system.
Educational. Study the structure of the lymphatic system; show the relationship between lymphatic and circulatory systems.
Developmental. Continue to develop the skills to analyze, compare, draw conclusions based on the results of work, work with tables, perform laboratory work according to instructions, observe, decide problematic issues
Educational. Cultivate a caring attitude towards your health.
During the classes.
Org. moment.
Repetition of learned material.
Frontal survey.
Slide 2. Complete the diagram.
Slide 3. Which one blood vessel shown in the picture?
What functions does it perform?
Slide 4. Which blood vessel is shown in the picture?
What is its structure?
What functions does it perform?
Slide 5. Which blood vessel is shown in the picture?
What structure does it have, what is indicated by numbers?
What functions does it perform?
Slide 6. List the parts of the heart shown in the picture numbered 1-6.
Slide 7. What phase of the heart is shown in the figure?
Paperwork.
Slide 8. Match the parts of the heart indicated by numbers and the names indicated by letters.
Slide 9. Fill in the missing words.
The pulmonary circulation begins in (1)... ventricle and ends in (2)... atrium.
The great circle begins in (3)... ventricle and ends in (4)... atrium.
IN pulmonary artery(5) ... blood flows, and through the pulmonary veins - (6) ... .
There is blood in the left atrium and ventricle (7) ... .
There is blood in the right atrium and ventricle (8) ... .
The transformation of venous blood into arterial blood occurs in (9) ... in (10) .... the circulatory system.
Studying a new topic.
The circulatory system is not the only one vascular system our body. In most organs in the human body, in addition to the blood vessels, there are lymphatic vessels. They contain lymph.
Lymph is a light yellowish liquid of protein nature, contains water, mineral salts, glucose, amino acids, O 2, CO 2. It contains practically no red blood cells and contains much less proteins compared to blood plasma. But it contains a lot of lymphocytes. The amount of lymph in the human body is about 2 liters.
(slide 10) The lymphatic system consists of lymph nodes and lymphatic vessels. Lymphatic vessels are similar in structure to veins. They have elastic walls and valves that prevent the reverse flow of liquid.
It is formed from blood plasma tissue fluid, which washes all cells and tissues, giving them nutrients and oxygen. Then part of the tissue fluid is absorbed into the lymphatic capillaries and forms lymph. Lymphatic capillaries are present in all organs and tissues of the body, except the brain and spinal cord, cartilage and bone marrow. They have a larger diameter than blood capillaries, – up to 0.2 millimeters. Lymphatic capillaries connect with each other and form lymphatic networks.
(slide 11) From the capillaries, lymph flows into larger lymphatic vessels. The movement of lymph occurs from bottom to top, from the tips of the fingers and toes. Therefore on internal walls Lymphatic vessels contain valves that prevent the reverse flow of lymph.
(slide 12) Thanks to the valves, lymph moves in one direction. In humans, lymphatic vessels end in the right lymphatic and thoracic ducts. Both ducts drain lymph into the superior vena cava of the systemic circulation near the heart. From 1 to 3 liters of lymph return to the blood per day.
(slide 13) Along the course of the lymphatic vessels there are special education – The lymph nodes. Some of them in the form of rounded seals can be found under lower jaw. There are also many of them in the armpits and popliteal cavities, in the groin and among internal organs.(slide 14)
If the lymph nodes retain a lot of bacteria, they increase in size, become inflamed and painful. (slide 15)
The cause of inflammation of the lymph nodes can be infectious and bacterial diseases.
The functions of the lymphatic system are protective, drainage and nutritional. Protective function the lymphatic system is associated with the formation of lymphocytes in its nodes, the production of antibodies and the retention of pathogens various diseases. Removal of excess fluid enters the tissues from the bloodstream through capillary epithelial cells that are loosely adjacent to each other and is ensured by the capillaries of the lymphatic system, which flow into large vessels and, finally, into the veins of the systemic circulation. Lymph also carries some of the lipids that are absorbed into small intestine.
The main function of the lymphatic system is to remove poisons and toxins from the human body.
Thus, the structure of the lymphatic system includes capillaries, vessels, nodes, trunks and ducts. In essence, the lymphatic system is part of the body's vascular system, complementary to the cardiovascular system.
Reinforcing the material learned. (slide 16)
Practical work " Oxygen starvation».
Briefly tighten your finger with a pharmaceutical rubber ring, twisting it in a figure eight. Explain the reasons for the observed phenomena. (pp. 84-85)
| Observation result | |
| Redness of the finger | |
| Whitening of the finger | |
| Tingling in the finger (feeling like crawling) | |
| Deterioration of finger sensitivity |
Homework. § 18
