Furosemide tablets. Composition and form of release

Furosemide, what do these pills help with? The drug is well known for its diuretic properties, allowing you to remove puffiness. The diuretic "Furosemide" instruction for use prescribes to take with edema, heart failure, hypertension.

Composition and form of release

The drug is produced in the form of tablets for internal use, as well as a solution for injection. The active element of the drug "Furosemide", from which it helps with edema, is the substance of the same name. Diuretic tablets include 0.04 g of the active substance, injections contain 10 mg / ml.

Injections are supplied in 2 ml ampoules. Auxiliary components contribute to better absorption of the drug, the list of which depends on the form of release: starch, silicon dioxide, sodium hydroxide, magnesium stearate, sodium chloride, povidone and other components.

Pharmacological properties

Diuretic tablets "Furosemide", from which the medicine helps with kidney diseases, intensively remove water and magnesium and calcium ions from the body. Thus, the diuretic effect of the active element is manifested. When using the remedy for heart failure, the load on the myocardium decreases.

This occurs as a result of the expansion of arteries and veins. The action of the drug is observed after 5 minutes with intravenous injection and an hour later when using tablets. The therapeutic effect lasts for 2-3 hours. With a deterioration in kidney function, the drug acts for 6-8 hours.

The drug "Furosemide": what helps

The drug is prescribed for various types of edematous syndrome. Indications for the use of the drug "Furosemide" include the following diseases and conditions:

heart asthma; excess calcium in the body; pulmonary edema; hypertensive crisis; heart failure; eclampsia; swelling of the brain; complicated arterial hypertension; nephrotic syndrome; cirrhosis of the liver.

The drug is also used when performing forced diuresis.

What helps "Furosemide" in ampoules

The instruction explains that the indications for the use of the injection form are similar to tablets. However, injections work faster. To the question: “What is the Furasemide solution for?”, Physicians answer that intravenous administration can quickly reduce pressure and preload on the myocardium. This plays an important role in emergency conditions of the patient.

Contraindications

The drug "Furosemide" instructions for use prohibits the use of:

hypersensitivity to the active element; stenosis of the urethra; arterial hypotension; digitalis intoxication; pancreatitis; acute glomerulonephritis; hypokalemia; diabetic coma; increased venous pressure; acute kidney failure; hepatic coma; gout; cardiomyopathy; urinary tract stones; liver failure in a complex form; hyperglycemic coma; hyperuricemia; aortic stenosis; alkalosis; precomatose states; acute myocardial infarction.

Caution when using the product should be observed by persons aged, with diabetes mellitus, prostatic hyperplasia, hypoproteinemia, atherosclerosis. Furosemide during pregnancy and breastfeeding can only be used as an emergency aid under the supervision of a physician.

Medicine "Furosemide": instructions for use

The treatment regimen is determined by a specialist depending on the clinical picture of the pathology. Tablets are taken in a volume of 20 to 80 mg per day. The dosage can be gradually increased, bringing the daily use of the drug to 0.6 g. The amount of the drug "Furosemide" for children is calculated based on body weight 1-2 mg per kg, not more than 6 mg per kg.

Instructions for the use of injections "Furosemide"

The volume of intramuscular or intravenous injections should not exceed 0.04 g per day. Doubling the dose is possible. Doctors recommend injecting the drug into a vein infectiously for 2 minutes. It is possible to inject injections into muscle tissue only if it is impossible to use tablets and intravenous injections.

In acute conditions, injections into the muscle are contraindicated.

Drug interaction

The combined use of the drug "Furosemide" and other drugs can cause negative reactions of the body. The combination of the drug with hypoglycemic drugs, cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, indomethacin, NSAIDs, insulin is unacceptable. Do not take the drug together with digitoxin, astemizole, digoxin, ACE inhibitors, cisplatin, cholestyramine, cisapride, phenytoin, colestipol, lithium carbonate.

Side effects

The drug "Furosemide", reviews and instructions confirm this, it can cause negative reactions in the body. Side effects include:

tachycardia, dizziness, hearing impairment; anorexia, oliguria, exfoliative dermatitis; aplastic anemia, dehydration, thrombophlebitis; orthostatic hypotension, muscle weakness; visual disturbances, dry mouth; interstitial nephritis, urticaria; thrombocytopenia, metabolic acidosis; kidney calcification (in newborns); arrhythmia, headache, cholestatic jaundice; hematuria, pruritus, hypochloremia; low blood pressure, tetany, stool disorders; urinary retention, purpura, leukopenia; hyponatremia, collapse, apathy; nausea or vomiting, lethargy, impotence; necrotizing angiitis, agranulocytosis; hypovolemia, confusion; exacerbation of pancreatitis, vasculitis; anaphylactic shock, weakness, drowsiness, erythema.

Price and analogues

Furasemide can be replaced by the following drugs - analogues: Lasix, Torasemide, Trigrim, Furosemide Sopharma. You can buy Furosemide tablets for 16-20 rubles, the price of injections is 25 rubles.

Opinions of patients and doctors

The drug "Furosemide", reviews of experts confirm this fact, is a key tool for the treatment of edematous syndrome in people with heart failure. This is a fast acting drug. Patients say that in addition to helping with edema and hypertension, the medication has side effects and is addictive (it is undesirable to use it for a long time).

Many women use the medicine "Furosemide" for weight loss. This tool allows you to quickly get rid of 3 - 5 kg of excess weight. However, for weight loss, doctors do not advise taking the drug, because it does not break down excess fat, but removes water and other necessary substances. Women claim that when taking more than 2 capsules per week, side effects and addiction appear.

On the forums you can meet the question: Which is better - "Lasix" or "Furosemide"? The pharmacists explain that the drugs are identical and their choice depends on price and availability.

Stagnation, swelling of soft tissues are quite common disorders that occur in many diseases of various organ systems. It is possible to improve the outflow and exit of fluid from the body with the help of drugs, of which there are a huge variety today. And quite often, doctors recommend the drug "Furosemide" to their patients. What does he help? What properties does it have? Are there any contraindications to treatment? Is it possible for side effects to occur? The answers to these questions are of interest to every patient.

The composition and form of release of the drug

The diuretic "Furosemide" is available in the form of tablets, as well as a solution for intravenous or intramuscular administration. There are also granules for the preparation of a suspension - this form of medicine is more suitable for the treatment of children.

The main active substance of the drug is furosemide. One tablet contains 40 mg of this component. In the pharmacy you can buy packs of 20 or 50 tablets. In some cases (especially when it comes to severe edema), it is advisable to use an injection solution - it is sold in 2 ml glass ampoules with a furosemide concentration of 1%. To date, packages of 10, 25 and 50 ampoules are sold.

In fact, in almost every pharmacy you can easily buy the drug "Furosemide". A prescription from a doctor for pills is not needed in this case, although some pharmacies have sales restrictions.

Main pharmacological properties

In modern medicine, the medicine "Furosemide" is very often used. Its use in some cases is simply necessary. This is a fast-acting diuretic that inhibits the reabsorption of chloride and sodium ions in the proximal and distal tubules of the kidney, which accelerates the process of excretion of their body fluid. The drug does not affect glomerular filtration in any way, so it is prescribed even in the presence of renal failure. Furosemide also dilates peripheral vessels, which reduces blood pressure.

After taking the pill, the effect, as a rule, begins to appear after 30-50 minutes. If we are talking about intravenous administration, then an increase in the volume of urine released begins after 15-20 minutes. The effect of the drug lasts about 3-4 hours.

The drug "Furosemide": what is it taken from? Indications for therapy

Everyone experiences health problems from time to time. So in what cases is it advisable to take the drug "Furosemide"? What does he help? The main indication for admission is edematous syndrome. In turn, edema can be a symptom of a variety of diseases.

Of course, often the stagnation of fluid indicates the presence of problems with the kidneys. In such cases, doctors often prescribe Furosemide. Indications for use - edema that has arisen against the background of chronic renal failure, nephrotic syndrome, hypercalcemia. In addition, the drug helps with hypertension, chronic heart failure, eclampsia, cardiac asthma. Also, the medicine helps fight swelling, which is associated with liver diseases. Indications also include pulmonary and cerebral edema.

The drug "Furosemide": instructions

These tablets, as mentioned earlier, can be freely bought at the pharmacy. If you have any problems, however, you should first consult a doctor. Only a specialist can prescribe you the drug "Furosemide". How to take pills, what is the maximum daily dose, how long will the treatment last - you will find answers to all these questions from your doctor. The instructions for use contain only general recommendations.

As a rule, the initial dose of the drug for adults is 40 mg of furosemide (one tablet). If there are no changes after taking the medicine, the doctor can increase the dose by 80-120 mg every 6-8 hours until a normal diuretic effect appears. However, there are some restrictions. No more than four tablets (160 mg) can be taken at a time. The maximum daily dose is 300 mg, but in such quantities the drug cannot be used for maintenance therapy, only as an emergency measure.

Often, patients suffering from edema and arterial hypertension are prescribed the drug Furosemide. How to take it in such cases? Most often, doctors recommend drinking one tablet twice a day. The duration of therapy is determined individually. As soon as the swelling begins to disappear, the dose of the drug is gradually reduced.

Intravenous and intramuscular administration is advisable only for persistent edema, as well as in cases where oral administration is not possible. If we are talking about the treatment of children, then the daily dose is 1-2 mg of furosemide per kilogram of weight.

Doctors often prescribe Furosemide (tablets) to their patients. The instructions for use contain some specific recommendations. Against the background of a long-term course of taking the drug, it is very important to control blood pressure all the time, as well as monitor the concentration of electrolytes in the plasma. Also, some patients are advised to take potassium supplements and eat a diet rich in this and other minerals.

Are there contraindications?

Many people are interested in the question of whether all categories of patients are allowed to take the drug "Furosemide" (tablets). Instructions for use confirms that there are some contraindications in this case. Each patient should familiarize themselves with their list even before the start of therapy.

To begin with, it is worth saying that the drug is not prescribed to a patient with hypokalemia, since the tablets can further reduce the level of potassium in the blood, which will affect the work of the whole organism, especially the cardiovascular system. Contraindications also include hypersensitivity to any of the components of the drug, lactose intolerance, lactase deficiency and wheat allergy.

The drug should not be prescribed in the presence of severe renal or hepatic insufficiency, hepatic coma. Also, contraindications include acute glomerulonephritis, in which there is a violation of the outflow of urine. The drug should not be taken by patients with impaired water and electrolyte balance, decompensated aortic and mitral stenosis, increased venous pressure, hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy. The tablets are not intended for the treatment of children under the age of three.

Many people need to take the drug Furosemide. Indications for therapy are most often puffiness, and it is no secret to anyone that many pregnant women face a similar problem. It is immediately worth noting that taking this medication in the first trimester is strictly prohibited. In the second half of pregnancy, therapy is possible, but only under medical supervision. By the way, during lactation, the drug affects the functioning of the mammary glands, causing a decrease in the amount of milk (due to the removal of fluid). If therapy is still necessary, then it is better to stop breastfeeding for the duration of treatment.

Main Side Effects

Many people are interested in questions about what Furosemide is, what it is used for, etc. But no less important aspect is the presence of side effects. Statistical studies have shown that complications in most cases are the result of incorrect or too long medication. If you follow all the doctor's recommendations, the likelihood of side effects is minimal.

Against the background of therapy, hypotension, interstitial nephritis may develop. It is also possible to reduce the level of potassium in the blood, increase the level of glucose and uric acid, which is associated with increased diuresis. Sometimes there are reactions from the digestive (nausea, vomiting) and nervous systems (dizziness, headaches, fatigue, depression, confusion). It is also possible the appearance of strong thirst, dryness of the mucous membranes. Some patients develop allergic skin reactions.

Interaction with other drugs

Diuretic "Furosemide" is not recommended to be taken together with cephalosporins, ethacrynic acid, amphotericins and other drugs that have a nephrotoxic effect. This drug also increases the activity of theophylline and diazoxide, reduces the effect of allopurinol, non-depolarizing muscle relaxants. Be sure to tell your doctor about all medications you are taking. During therapy, it is strictly forbidden to drink alcohol.

Overdose and its consequences

Today, many patients are faced with the need to take the drug "Furosemide". Indications for its use are swelling and stagnation of fluid, which, alas, some people encounter very often. Unfortunately, too high doses of this drug can lead to dangerous consequences, in particular, hypovolemia, a condition that is accompanied by a decrease in circulating blood volume. Against the background of such a disorder, a sharp decrease in blood pressure is possible, as well as orthostatic collapse. The patient after an overdose urgently needs to be taken to the hospital. First of all, he needs to enter an electrolyte solution in order to restore blood volume. If necessary, further symptomatic therapy is carried out.

How much does the medicine cost?

So, we found out what the instruction tells about the drug "Furosemide". Tablets, their composition and properties are certainly very interesting. But no less important factor for many is the price of the medicine.

So how much will the drug cost? In fact, Furosemide stands out among other diuretics not only for its high efficiency, but also for its affordable cost. A package of 50 tablets with a dose of the active substance of 40 mg costs about 30-40 rubles. But 10 ampoules of this medicine will cost 25-30 rubles, which, you see, is not so much. Of course, the figure may vary depending on the city of residence of the patient, the pharmacy, the services of which he decided to use, and many other factors.

Drug analogues

In some cases, for a number of reasons, this or that medicine is not suitable for patients. Therefore, many are interested in whether it is possible to replace Furosemide with something. Analogues of this drug, of course, exist. The modern pharmaceutical market offers a huge selection of diuretics.

For example, Lasix is considered a pretty good substitute. Also, the doctor may recommend taking drugs such as Furon or Frusemide. These are structural analogues that contain the same active substance and, accordingly, have a similar effect.

There are other diuretics that contain different ingredients but provide the same effect. Doctors often prescribe to their patients drugs such as "Urea", "Mannitol", "Trifas", "Clopamide", "Uregit". These are quite strong drugs that help to quickly solve the problem with edema. There are milder agents, the list of which includes Cyclomethiazide, Hypothiazid, Pterofen, Diakarb, Veroshpiron.

In any case, it should be understood that you cannot independently look for a substitute for the drug Furosemide. Analogues can only be selected by the attending physician, since everything here depends on the patient's state of health, his age, the characteristics of the disease and individual needs. Uncontrolled intake of diuretics can lead to dangerous consequences.

Furosemide is a fast-acting diuretic used in the fight against swelling of the organs of the respiratory system and the brain, as well as disorders of the systemic circulation. Differs in the provision of a quick diuretic effect on the body.

The mechanism of action of the medicinal composition on the body is:

violation of the reabsorption of ions of elements such as sodium and chlorine, which contributes to increased excretion of fluid and an increase in the secretion of potassium ions in the distal part of the renal tubule;
increased excretion of calcium and magnesium ions;
release of mediators located in the kidneys and improvement of blood circulation in these organs;
stabilization of the state in heart failure due to a decrease in the preload on the heart due to the expansion of large veins;
exerting a hypotensive effect.

The therapeutic effect is observed after 5-10 minutes if the drug is used in the form of a solution for intravenous injection. In the case of the use of a tablet composition, the therapeutic effect is achieved within the first hour.

Release form

The main active ingredient of the drug is represented by the element of the same name - furosemide. The drug is available in the form of tablets, solutions for injection and granules for the preparation of suspensions for oral administration. The latter, as a rule, are prescribed for the treatment of children and are not commercially available today.

The injection solution is sold in packs of 5, 10 and 25 ampoules with a volume of 2 ml each. The content of the main substance can be 10 and 20 mg/ml.

As for the tablet form, one tablet contains about 40 mg of furosemide. On sale there is a drug in cardboard packages of 25 and 50 tablets.

Instructions for use

Furosemide is indicated for the management of edema in patients with:

chronic form of heart failure;
chronic form of renal failure;
nephrotic syndrome (used only as an auxiliary component of complex therapy aimed directly at treating the underlying pathology);
liver diseases;
arterial hypertension;
some forms of hypertensive crisis;
pulmonary edema;
cardiac asthma;
cerebral edema;
eclampsia;
signs of barbiturate poisoning;
the need for forced diuresis;
hypercalcemia.

Price

Furosemide is a fairly common and affordable drug.

*Release form*	*Manufacturer*	*Cost, rub.*	*Pharmacy*
	Ozon, Russia	33	http://www.eapteka.ru
Furosemide, tablets, 50 pcs. 40 mg each	Borisov Plant, Belarus	22	http://www.eapteka.ru
Furosemide, ampoules, 10 pcs. 2 ml, 1%	Borisov Plant, Belarus	27	http://www.eapteka.ru
	Ozon, Russia	34	https://www.piluli.ru
Furosemide tablets 50 pcs. 40 mg each	Borisov Plant, Belarus	22	https://www.piluli.ru
	Borisov Plant, Belarus	27	https://www.piluli.ru
Furosemide tablets 50 pcs. 40 mg each	Irbitsky KhPZ, Russia	23	https://www.piluli.ru
Furosemide ampoules, 10 pcs. 2 ml, 1%	Dalchimpharm, Russia	21	https://www.piluli.ru
Furosemide ampoules, 10 pcs. 2 ml, 1%	Biochemist JSC, Russia	28	https://www.piluli.ru
Furosemide ampoules, 10 pcs. 2 ml, 1%	Borisov Plant of Medicinal Products	29.50	https://apteka.ru

Analogues

If the appointment and use of Furosemide for one reason or another is not possible, it is recommended to use one of the following analogues of this drug:

Torasemide- a drug that is a "loop" diuretic. Torasemide, to a lesser extent than furosemide, causes hypokalemia, while it is more active and its effect is longer. The main active ingredient of the drug is represented by torasemide. Available in the form of tablets with an active ingredient content of 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 mg. The average price of 60 tablets at a dosage of 5 mg is 330 rubles, at a dosage of 10 mg - 235 rubles.
Britomar- Another effective diuretic based on torasemide. Produced in the form of tablets, the content in which the main active substance reaches 5 and 10 mg. On sale there are packages with 10, 15 and 30 tablets. The average cost of 30 tablets with a dosage of 5 mg is 380 rubles, and the same amount in a dosage of 10 mg is 455 rubles (manufacturer: Ferrer International S.A., Norway).
Lasix- a diuretic drug based on furosemide. Available in the form of tablets (45 pcs per pack) and injection solutions in ampoules with volumes of 2 ml (10 pcs per pack). The content of the active substance in one ampoule is 20 mg, and in one tablet - 40 mg. The average cost of a tablet form is 55 rubles, and an injection solution is 90 rubles per pack.
Diuver- a diuretic drug, the main active ingredient of which is represented by torasemide. Produced in the form of tablets of 20 and 60 pcs. packaged. The dosage of torasemide reaches 5 and 10 mg. The pharmaceutical company Teva from Israel is engaged in the production of the drug and the minimum cost is 685 rubles (60 tablets with a dosage of torasemide of 5 mg).
Trigrim- a diuretic drug based on torasemide. Available in the form of tablets containing the main component of 2.5, 5 or 10 mg. The average cost of 30 tablets in the minimum dosage is 220 rubles (Polpharma, Poland).

Contraindications

Furosemide, despite its availability in pharmacies, should be taken only after consultation with your doctor. The drug has numerous contraindications, the main of which are:

acute renal failure;
severe liver failure;
acute form of glomerulonephritis, pronounced violations of the outflow of urine, regardless of etiology;
decompensated mitral or aortic stenosis;
hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy;
increased central venous pressure;
violations of water and electrolyte metabolism;
digitalis intoxication;
the period of pregnancy and breastfeeding;
lactose intolerance, its deficiency;
wheat allergy;
hypersensitivity to the constituent active substance or auxiliary components in the composition.

Dosage

The initial dose of the drug prescribed to adult patients should not exceed 40 mg. After administration, the therapeutic effect should be monitored, in the absence of which, after 6-8 hours, it is recommended to take another 80 to 120 mg of the drug.

In order to maintain the therapeutic effect, Furosemide should be taken in an amount of 40 mg per day and the daily dosage for maintenance therapy should not exceed 80 mg. The maximum daily dosage of the medicinal composition is 300 mg.

If Furosemide is prescribed to children, the optimal daily dosage should be calculated in the ratio of 1 to 2 mg of the drug per 1 kg of the child's weight. In this case, it is strongly not recommended to self-medicate and deviate from the recommendations of the pediatrician. As for the duration of treatment with Furosemide, it is determined by the attending physician, taking into account the individual characteristics of the organism and the severity of the condition.

Side effects

Furosemide is characterized not only by the achievement of a rapid therapeutic effect, but also by a number of possible side effects. Most often, during treatment, patients experience:

nausea and vomiting;
redness of the skin;
diarrhea or constipation;
skin itching;
arterial hypotension;
interstitial nephritis;
tinnitus, hearing loss, which are reversible;
dizziness, drowsiness, confusion;
the development of a depressive state;
muscle weakness;
tachycardia, arrhythmia;
increased risk of thrombosis;
headaches;
muscle cramps located on the calves of the legs;
anorexia;
acute urinary retention in those patients who were diagnosed with benign prostatic hyperplasia;
decrease in potency;
chills and fever;
the development of anaphylactic shock;
toxic epidermal necrolysis;
leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia, eosinophilia;
hypokalemia, hyponatremia, hypochloremia, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia.

When observing the listed side effects, a correction of the daily dosage is recommended in the direction of reducing the volume of the drug taken.

Compatibility

With the addition of Furosemide with cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, chloramphenicol, ethacrynic acid, cisplatin, amphotericin B, an increase in concentration and an increase in the risk of developing nephro- and ototoxic effects of the latter are possible. With the simultaneous use of diazoxide and theophylline, there is an increase in their effectiveness, and with the appointment of hypoglycemic drugs and allopurinol - a decrease.

Caution should be given to the use of amphotericin B, because as a result of complex treatment, the patient runs the risk of experiencing hypokalemia. But the reception of cardiac glycosides in combination with Furosemide may be accompanied by an increased risk of developing digitalis intoxication.

The combination of Furosemide with medicinal formulations such as gentamicin, cephalosporin and other analogues with nephrotoxic effects should be excluded. The use of alcoholic beverages during treatment with Furosemide is strongly discouraged.

Overdose

When the recommended dosages are exceeded, characteristic symptoms develop. Most often, patients seek qualified help with complaints of hypovolemia, dehydration, hemoconcentration, severe hypotension, a decrease in BCC, signs of collapse, shock, heart rhythm and conduction disturbances (including AV blockade, ventricular fibrillation).

Often, patients also experience acute renal failure with anuria, thrombosis, thromboembolism, drowsiness, confusion, flaccid paralysis, and apathy.

When identifying the listed symptoms, it is extremely important to correct the water-electrolyte balance and acid-base balance, to replenish the BCC. It is also recommended to carry out symptomatic therapy aimed at normalizing the functioning of all vital organs. There is currently no specific antidote for Furosemide.

"Loop" diuretic

Drug: FUROSEMIDE

Active ingredient: furosemide
ATX code: C03CA01
CFG: Diuretic
Reg. number: P No. 008776
Date of registration: 26.02.06
The owner of the reg. acc.: SOPHARMA AD (Bulgaria)

PHARMACEUTICAL FORM, COMPOSITION AND PACKAGING

50 pcs. - packings are cell planimetric.

DESCRIPTION OF THE ACTIVE SUBSTANCE.
The provided scientific information is general and cannot be used to make a decision on the possibility of using a particular medicinal product.

PHARMACHOLOGIC EFFECT

"Loop" diuretic. Violates the reabsorption of sodium ions, chlorine in the thick segment of the ascending part of the loop of Henle. Due to the increase in the release of sodium ions, there is a secondary (mediated by osmotically bound water) increased excretion of water and an increase in the secretion of potassium ions in the distal part of the renal tubule. At the same time, the excretion of calcium and magnesium ions increases.

It has secondary effects due to the release of intrarenal mediators and the redistribution of intrarenal blood flow. Against the background of course treatment, there is no weakening of the effect.

In heart failure, it quickly leads to a decrease in the preload on the heart through the expansion of large veins. It has a hypotensive effect due to an increase in the excretion of sodium chloride and a decrease in the response of vascular smooth muscles to vasoconstrictor effects and as a result of a decrease in BCC. The action of furosemide after intravenous administration occurs within 5-10 minutes; after oral administration - after 30-60 minutes, the maximum effect - after 1-2 hours, the duration of the effect - 2-3 hours (with reduced kidney function - up to 8 hours). During the period of action, the excretion of sodium ions increases significantly, however, after its termination, the rate of excretion decreases below the initial level ("rebound" or "cancellation" syndrome). The phenomenon is caused by a sharp activation of renin-angiotensin and other antinatriuretic neurohumoral regulation in response to massive diuresis; stimulates the arginine-vasopressive and sympathetic systems. Reduces the level of atrial natriuretic factor in plasma, causes vasoconstriction.

Due to the "rebound" phenomenon, when taken once a day, it may not have a significant effect on the daily excretion of sodium ions and blood pressure. When administered intravenously, it causes dilatation of peripheral veins, reduces preload, reduces left ventricular filling pressure and pulmonary artery pressure, as well as systemic blood pressure.

The diuretic effect develops 3-4 minutes after the on / in the introduction and lasts 1-2 hours; after oral administration - after 20-30 minutes, lasts up to 4 hours.

PHARMACOKINETICS

After oral administration, absorption is 60-70%. In severe kidney disease or chronic heart failure, the degree of absorption decreases.

Vd is 0.1 l/kg. Plasma protein binding (mainly albumin) - 95-99%. Metabolized in the liver. Excreted by the kidneys - 88%, with bile - 12%. T 1 / 2 in patients with normal kidney and liver function is 0.5-1.5 hours. With anuria, T 1 / 2 can increase to 1.5-2.5 hours, with combined renal and hepatic insufficiency - up to 11-20 hours.

INDICATIONS

Edema syndrome of various origins, incl. with chronic heart failure stage II-III, cirrhosis of the liver (portal hypertension syndrome), nephrotic syndrome. Pulmonary edema, cardiac asthma, cerebral edema, eclampsia, forced diuresis, severe arterial hypertension, some forms of hypertensive crisis, hypercalcemia.

DOSING MODE

Installed individually, depending on the indications, the clinical situation, the age of the patient. During treatment, the dosage regimen is adjusted depending on the magnitude of the diuretic response and the dynamics of the patient's condition.

When taken orally, the initial dose for adults is 20-80 mg / day, then, if necessary, the dose is gradually increased to 600 mg / day. For children, a single dose is 1-2 mg / kg.

Maximum dose: when taken orally for children - 6 mg / kg.

With intravenous (jet) or intramuscular administration, the dose for adults is 20-40 mg 1 time / day, in some cases - 2 times / day. For children, the initial daily dose for parenteral use is 1 mg / kg.

SIDE EFFECT

From the side of the cardiovascular system: decrease in blood pressure, orthostatic hypotension, collapse, tachycardia, arrhythmias, decrease in BCC.

From the side of the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system: dizziness, headache, myasthenia gravis, calf muscle cramps (tetany), paresthesia, apathy, weakness, weakness, lethargy, drowsiness, confusion.

From the sense organs: visual and hearing impairments.

From the digestive system: loss of appetite, dry mouth, thirst, nausea, vomiting, constipation or diarrhea, cholestatic jaundice, pancreatitis (exacerbation).

From the genitourinary system: oliguria, acute urinary retention (in patients with prostatic hypertrophy), interstitial nephritis, hematuria, reduced potency.

From the hematopoietic system: leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia.

From the side of water-electrolyte metabolism: hypovolemia, dehydration (risk of thrombosis and thromboembolism), hypokalemia, hyponatremia, hypochloremia, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, metabolic alkalosis.

From the side of metabolism: hypovolemia, hypokalemia, hyponatremia, hypochloremia, hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis (as a result of these disorders - arterial hypotension, dizziness, dry mouth, thirst, arrhythmia, muscle weakness, convulsions), hyperuricemia (with possible exacerbation of gout), hyperglycemia.

Allergic reactions: purpura, urticaria, exfoliative dermatitis, erythema multiforme exudative, vasculitis, necrotizing angiitis, pruritus, chills, fever, photosensitivity, anaphylactic shock.

Others: with intravenous administration (optional) - thrombophlebitis, kidney calcification in premature babies.

CONTRAINDICATIONS

Acute glomerulonephritis, urethral stenosis, urinary tract stone obstruction, acute renal failure with anuria, hypokalemia, alkalosis, precoma, severe liver failure, hepatic coma and precoma, diabetic coma, precoma, hyperglycemic coma, hyperuricemia, gout, decompensated mitral or aortic stenosis, hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy, increased central venous pressure (more than 10 mm Hg), arterial hypotension, acute myocardial infarction, pancreatitis, impaired water and electrolyte metabolism (hypovolemia, hyponatremia, hypokalemia, hypochloremia, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia), digitalis intoxication, hypersensitivity to furosemide.

PREGNANCY AND LACTATION

During pregnancy, the use of furosemide is possible only for a short time and only if the intended benefit to the mother outweighs the possible risk to the fetus.

Since furosemide can be excreted in breast milk, as well as suppress lactation, breastfeeding should be discontinued if necessary during lactation.

SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS

Use with caution in prostatic hyperplasia, SLE, hypoproteinemia (risk of developing ototoxicity), diabetes mellitus (decrease in glucose tolerance), with stenosing atherosclerosis of cerebral arteries, against the background of prolonged therapy with cardiac glycosides, in elderly patients with severe atherosclerosis, pregnancy (especially first half), lactation period.

Before starting treatment, electrolyte disturbances should be compensated. During treatment with furosemide, it is necessary to control blood pressure, electrolyte and glucose levels in the blood serum, liver and kidney function.

For the prevention of hypokalemia, it is advisable to combine furosemide with potassium-sparing diuretics. With the simultaneous use of furosemide and hypoglycemic drugs, dose adjustment of the latter may be required.

Influence on the ability to drive vehicles and control mechanisms

When using furosemide, it is impossible to exclude the possibility of a decrease in the ability to concentrate, which is important for people who drive vehicles and work with mechanisms.

DRUG INTERACTIONS

With simultaneous use with antibiotics of the aminoglycoside group (including with gentamicin, tobramycin), it is possible to increase the nephro- and ototoxic effect.

Furosemide reduces the clearance of gentamicin and increases plasma concentrations of gentamicin, as well as tobramycin.

With simultaneous use with antibiotics of the cephalosporin group, which can cause impaired renal function, there is a risk of increased nephrotoxicity.

With simultaneous use with beta-agonists (including fenoterol, terbutaline, salbutamol) and with GCS, hypokalemia may increase.

With simultaneous use with hypoglycemic agents, insulin may reduce the effectiveness of hypoglycemic agents and insulin, tk. furosemide has the ability to increase the content of glucose in the blood plasma.

With simultaneous use with ACE inhibitors, the antihypertensive effect is enhanced. Severe arterial hypotension is possible, especially after taking the first dose of furosemide, apparently due to hypovolemia, which leads to a transient increase in the hypotensive effect of ACE inhibitors. The risk of impaired renal function increases and the development of hypokalemia is not excluded.

With simultaneous use with furosemide, the effects of non-depolarizing muscle relaxants are enhanced.

With simultaneous use with indomethacin, other NSAIDs, a decrease in the diuretic effect is possible, apparently due to inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis in the kidneys and sodium retention in the body under the influence of indomethacin, which is a nonspecific COX inhibitor; decrease in antihypertensive effect.

It is believed that furosemide interacts in a similar way with other NSAIDs.

When used simultaneously with NSAIDs, which are selective COX-2 inhibitors, this interaction is much less pronounced or practically absent.

With simultaneous use with astemizole, the risk of developing arrhythmias increases.

With simultaneous use with vancomycin, it is possible to increase oto- and nephrotoxicity.

With simultaneous use with digoxin, digitoxin, an increase in the toxicity of cardiac glycosides is possible, associated with the risk of developing hypokalemia while taking furosemide.

There are reports of the development of hyponatremia with simultaneous use with carbamazepine.

With simultaneous use with colestyramine, colestipol, the absorption and diuretic effect of furosemide decreases.

With simultaneous use with lithium carbonate, it is possible to enhance the effects of lithium due to an increase in its concentration in the blood plasma.

With simultaneous use with probenecid, the renal clearance of furosemide decreases.

With simultaneous use with sotalol, hypokalemia and the development of ventricular arrhythmia of the "pirouette" type are possible.

With simultaneous use with theophylline, a change in the concentration of theophylline in the blood plasma is possible.

With simultaneous use with phenytoin, the diuretic effect of furosemide is significantly reduced.

After the on / in the introduction of furosemide against the background of therapy with chloral hydrate, an increase in sweating, a feeling of heat, instability of blood pressure, tachycardia is possible.

With simultaneous use with cisapride, hypokalemia may increase.

It is assumed that furosemide can reduce the nephrotoxic effect of cyclosporine.

With simultaneous use with cisplatin, an increase in the ototoxic effect is possible.

The composition and form of release of the drug

In fact, in almost every pharmacy you can easily buy the drug "Furosemide". A prescription from a doctor for pills is not needed in this case, although some pharmacies have sales restrictions.

Main pharmacological properties

The drug "Furosemide": what is it taken from? Indications for therapy

The drug "Furosemide": instructions

Are there contraindications?

Main Side Effects

Interaction with other drugs

Overdose and its consequences

How much does the medicine cost?

Drug analogues

Which affects the function of the kidneys, is the drug "Furosemide". Why is it prescribed and how is it used? This medicine belongs to the group of diuretics. It well removes substances such as sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium from the human body, and lowers blood pressure. The active component of the drug promotes excretion and has a hypotensive effect on the patient.

The action of the drug and the form of release

The effect of the drug comes on very quickly and lasts a short period of time. When the drug is administered intravenously, the therapeutic effect occurs within 5-10 minutes. If you use the drug in the form of tablets, then its action begins in about an hour, and the maximum effect is observed after 1.5-2 hours. To date, Furosemide can be produced in three forms: tablets (40 mg), injection solution (2 ml), granules for the preparation of a solution that is taken orally.

"Furosemide": what is prescribed

This drug is prescribed to patients for therapy that may occur when:

chronic and renal insufficiency;
acute heart failure;
arterial hypertension;
swelling of the brain;
burns;
hypertensive crisis.

The medication should be used only as prescribed by the attending physician in order to avoid possible complications.

The use of the drug "Furosemide"

Recommended to be taken in the morning before breakfast. Adults are usually prescribed a dosage of 40 mg once a day. The doctor may increase the amount of the drug to 160 mg if necessary. If the swelling decreases, then the dose of the drug is reduced with a break of several days. The maximum allowable amount of the drug per day is 1500 mg. How to take "Furosemide" for children: the dose of the drug should be 3 mg per 1 kg of the child's weight, this amount can be consumed in several doses. But at the same time, the maximum daily amount of medicine for a child should not exceed 40 mg. After reducing swelling, the drug can be taken only a few times a week. You can learn more about how to take Furosemide from the instructions, as well as from your doctor.

Contraindications and side effects

People with hypersensitivity to the components of the drug are not recommended to take Furosemide. From what this drug is prescribed, we have already figured out, let's see who should not take this medication. It is prohibited for people with renal and hepatic insufficiency, with obstruction of the urinary tract, anuria, diabetes mellitus. This is not all contraindications to the use of the drug "Furosemide". It is not intended for children under three years of age. Also, the medicine should not be taken with pancreatitis, severe hypotension. Among the side effects, which are many, one can note skin itching, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, thirst, depression, hyperglycemia. The medicine should not be used for treatment in the first half of pregnancy.

Useful information

This article is not an instruction for the use of the drug "Furosemide". From what it is prescribed and how it is used, you can learn more about it from the instructions for the drug or after consulting with your doctor. It should be noted that in no case should you take this remedy on your own - this can lead to an overdose and deterioration of the patient's condition. When using the drug, the level of urea, electrolytes and carbonates should be monitored.