Instructions for use of the ampoule and capsule form of vitamin E. Vitamin E in capsules: instructions for use and what it is for, price, reviews, analogues

Instructions for use

Attention! The information is provided for informational purposes only. This manual should not be used as a guide to self-medication. The need for appointment, methods and doses of the drug are determined solely by the attending physician.

general characteristics

The composition of the medicinal product:

active substance: tocopherol;

1 capsule contains Vitamin A (vitamins- organic substances formed in the body with the help of intestinal microflora or supplied with food, usually vegetable. Necessary for normal metabolism and life) E 0.1 g or 0.2 g;

Excipients: sunflower oil; composition of the gelatin capsule shell: gelatin, glycerin, methyl parahydroxybenzoate (E 218), propyl parahydroxybenzoate (E 216), carmoisin dye (E 122).

Dosage form. The capsules are soft.

For a dose of 0.1 g: soft gelatin capsules, spherical or spherical with a seam, from light red to dark red, filled with an oily liquid from light yellow to dark yellow.

For a dose of 0.2 g: soft gelatin capsules of cylindrical shape with hemispherical ends, with a seam, from light red to dark red, filled with an oily liquid from light yellow to dark yellow.

Pharmacotherapeutic group

Simple preparations of vitamins. Tocopherol (Vitamin E). ATC code A11H A03.

Pharmacological properties

Vitamin E is a fat-soluble vitamin that exhibits a high antioxidant and radioprotective effect, takes part in the biosynthesis of heme and proteins (Squirrels- natural high-molecular organic compounds. Proteins play an extremely important role: they are the basis of the life process, participate in the construction of cells and tissues, are biocatalysts (enzymes), hormones, respiratory pigments (hemoglobins), protective substances (immunoglobulins), etc.), proliferation (Proliferation(from lat. proles - offspring, offspring and fero - I carry) - the growth of body tissue by neoplasm (reproduction) of cells. May be physiological (eg normal regeneration, breast cell proliferation during pregnancy and lactation) and pathological (eg tumors)) cells and other important processes of cellular metabolism.

Vitamin E improves tissue oxygen consumption. It has an angioprotective effect, affecting the tone and permeability of blood vessels, stimulating the formation of new capillaries.

The immunomodulatory effect of Vitamin E is manifested in the stimulation of T-cell and humoral immunity.

Tocopherol is indispensable for normal reproductive processes: fertilization, fetal development, formation and functioning of the reproductive system.

Vitamin E deficiency leads to hypotension and dystrophy (Dystrophy- pathological changes in cells of a regressive nature with a violation or loss of their functions) skeletal muscles, myocardium (Myocardium- the muscular tissue of the heart, which makes up the bulk of its mass. Rhythmic coordinated contractions of the myocardium of the ventricles and atria are carried out by the conduction system of the heart), increased permeability and fragility capillaries (capillaries- the smallest vessels penetrating organs and tissues. Connect arterioles to venules (the smallest veins) and close the circle of blood circulation), degeneration (Degeneration- rebirth. Pathological changes in cells of a regressive nature with a violation or loss of their functions) photoreceptors that cause visual impairment. A decrease in sexual function develops - in men and a violation menstrual cycle (Menstrual cycle- regularly recurring uterine bleeding, during which a woman loses an average of 50-100 ml of blood. Coagulability of menstrual blood is reduced, so bleeding continues for 3-5 days. The duration of the menstrual cycle is 28 days, may be less (up to 21 days) or more (up to 30-35 days)), the tendency to miscarriages - in women.

Vitamin E deficiency can lead to the development of hemolytic jaundice (Jaundice- a painful condition characterized by the accumulation of bilirubin in the blood and its deposition in tissues with yellow staining of the skin, mucous membranes, and sclera of the eyes. Observed with increased breakdown of red blood cells (eg, neonatal jaundice, jaundice in hemolytic anemia), viral hepatitis and other liver diseases, obstruction of the outflow of bile) in newborns, as well as the syndrome malabsorption (Malabsorption- Malabsorption Syndrome. With low absorption (impaired absorption of all food ingredients), a metabolic disorder inevitably occurs - protein, fat, carbohydrate, mineral, water-salt, vitamin metabolism), steatorrhea.

After absorption in the intestine, most of the tocopherol enters the lymph (Lymph- a colorless liquid formed from blood plasma by filtering it into the interstitial spaces and from there into the lymphatic system. Provides exchange of substances between the blood and tissues of the body) and blood, is rapidly distributed in the tissues of the body with a predominant accumulation in the liver, muscles, adipose tissue. The highest concentration is found in the adrenal glands, pituitary gland (Pituitary- gland of internal secretion. The pituitary gland is located at the base of the brain and consists of an anterior (adenohypophysis) and a posterior (neurohypophysis) lobe. The pituitary gland has a predominant effect on growth, development, metabolic processes, regulates the activity of other endocrine glands), genital glands (glands- organs that produce and secrete specific substances that are involved in various physiological functions and biochemical processes of the body. Endocrine glands secrete their metabolic products - hormones directly into the blood or lymph. External secretion glands - on the surface of the body, mucous membranes or in the external environment (sweat, salivary, mammary glands)), myocardium. Most of the drug is excreted from the body with urine, partly with bile.

Indications for use

Hypovitaminosis (Hypovitaminosis- a pathological condition caused by a vitamin deficiency in the body or a violation of the functioning of the vitamin in the body) and avitaminosis of vitamin E. In the complex of antioxidant therapy (Therapy- 1. The field of medicine that studies internal diseases, one of the oldest and main medical specialties. 2. Part of a word or phrase used to indicate a type of treatment (oxygen therapy\; hemotherapy - treatment with blood products)), a state of convalescence after injuries, severe somatic diseases, with increased physical exertion, with an unbalanced diet.

As part of complex therapy:

prevention of pathologies of embryonic development, congenital anomalies (malformations) of the fetus;
threats of termination of pregnancy;
menstrual disorders, vulvar kraurosis, menopausal disorders;
perceptual hearing disorders;
atrophic processes in the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract;
degenerative and proliferative changes in joints (joints- movable joints of bones, allowing them to move relative to each other. Auxiliary formations - ligaments, menisci and other structures) and fibrous tissue (fibrous tissue a tissue formed by bundles of collagen fibers with connective tissue cells (fibroblasts, fibrocytes) located among them spine and large joints; muscle weakness due to discogenic blockades (Blockade- slowing down or interruption of the conduction of electrical impulses in any part of the conduction system of the heart or myocardium) with diseases of the intervertebral disc, scleroderma, lupus erythematosus (lupus erythematosus- a systemic autoimmune disease in which antibodies produced by the human immune system damage the DNA of healthy cells, mainly connective tissue is damaged), rheumatoid arthritis, other systemic connective tissue diseases;
neurasthenia (Neurasthenia- a psychogenic disease from the group of neuroses, manifested by irritability, increased exhaustion and delayed recovery of mental processes) with exhaustion, mainly dystrophy and atrophy (Atrophy- reduction in the size of an organ or tissue with a violation (cessation) of their function) muscles, secondary muscle weakness and myopathies (Myopathies- hereditary muscle diseases caused by a violation of the contractility of muscle fibers. They are manifested by muscle weakness, a decrease in the volume of active movements, a decrease in tone, atrophy, and sometimes pseudohypertrophy of muscles) at chronic (Chronic- a long, ongoing, protracted process, occurring either constantly or with periodic improvements in condition) arthritis;
autonomic disorders;
some endocrine disorders;
some cardiovascular diseases;
atrophic processes in the mucous membrane of the digestive system, eating disorders, malabsorption syndrome, alimentary anemia, chronic hepatitis;
some periodontitis;
eye diseases;
skin diseases: dermatitis (Dermatitis- an inflammatory reaction that occurs as a result of direct exposure to the skin of external factors), trophic ulcers, psoriasis (Psoriasis- a chronic hereditary skin disease with diverse clinical manifestations. The most common common psoriasis is abundantly scaly papules and plaques on the scalp, elbows, forearms, hands, shins, feet, lower back, buttocks. Complaints of itching. In this disease, keratinocytes are formed 28 times more than normal), eczema;
plastic induration of the penis, balanitis, disorders libido (Libido- sex drive), dysfunctions of the gonads in men, disorders spermatogenesis (spermatogenesis- formation and development of spermatozoa) and potency in men, infertility in men (in combination with vitamin A).
Hypervitaminosis A and D.

Contraindications

Increased individual sensitivity to the active substance or to any components of the drug, severe cardiosclerosis, acute myocardial infarction (myocardial infarction- ischemic necrosis of the myocardium, due to a sharp decrease in the blood supply to one of its segments. The basis of MI is an acutely developed thrombus, the formation of which is associated with the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque), thyrotoxicosis (Thyrotoxicosis- a syndrome caused by the action of an excess of thyroxine and triiodothyronine on target tissues. There are many reasons for thyrotoxicosis; the most common cause is diffuse toxic goiter (Graves' disease). The clinical picture includes the action of hormones on different organs. Symptoms of activation of the sympathoadrenal system are characteristic: tachycardia, tremor, sweating, anxiety. These symptoms are eliminated by beta-blockers), hypervitaminosis E, children under 12 years of age.

Dosage and administration

Vitamin E is administered orally after meals, the dose is selected individually depending on the disease, the patient's condition. The capsule should be swallowed whole with plenty of water.

Dosage for adults:

in the complex of antioxidant therapy: 0.2-0.4 g 1-2 times a day;
in pathology of embryonic development, congenital anomalies (malformations) of the fetus: 0.1-0.2 g 1 time per day in the first trimester of pregnancy;
with the threat of abortion: 0.1 g 1-2 times a day for 14 days;
for menstrual irregularities in combination with hormone therapy: 0.3-0.4 g every other day starting from the 17th day of the cycle (repeat 5 cycles);
for violations of the menstrual cycle in the case of the use of the drug before the start of hormone therapy: 0.1 g 1-2 times a day for 2-3 months;
with rheumatoid arthritis: 0.1-0.3 g daily for several weeks;
at muscular dystrophies (muscular dystrophy- the most common of hereditary diseases of the neuromuscular system. It is characterized by primary muscle damage and a progressive course. There is muscle weakness and muscle atrophy, a decrease, and then the disappearance of tendon reflexes), diseases of the neuromuscular and tendon-articular apparatus: 0.1 g 1-2 times a day for 30-60 days, a second course - after 2-3 months;
in case of neurasthenia with exhaustion, the drug should be used: 0.1 g 1 time per day for 30-60 days;
with some endocrine disorders: 0.3-0.5 g per day;
with some cardiovascular diseases: 0.1 g daily;
at nutritional (Alimentary- food-related anemia (Anemia- a group of diseases characterized by a decrease in red blood cells or hemoglobin): 0.3 g per day for 10 days;
at chronic hepatitis (chronic hepatitis- damage to hepatocytes caused by various causes, characterized by hepatocellular necrosis and inflammation, lasting more than 6 months): long-term treatment of 0.3 g per day;
with some periodontopathies: 0.2-0.3 g per day;
for eye diseases: 0.1-0.2 g 1-2 times a day for 1-3 weeks in combination with vitamin A;
for skin diseases: 0.1-0.2 g 1-2 times a day for 20-40 days;
with plastic induration of the penis: 0.3-0.4 g daily for several weeks, then as prescribed by a doctor;
in disorders of spermatogenesis and potency in men: 0.1-0.3 g per day in combination with hormone therapy for 30 days.

In other cases, the dose and duration of treatment is determined by the doctor.

For adults, a single average dose is 0.1 g, the highest single dose is 0.4 g; the highest daily average dose is 0.2 g, the highest daily dose is 1 g.

AT pediatrics (Pediatrics- a field of medicine that studies the characteristics of the child's body, the causes and mechanisms of the development of childhood diseases and develops methods for their treatment) Vitamin E at a dose of 0.1 g can be prescribed to children from 12 years of age.

Application features

Appropriate safety precautions for use.

Prescribe with caution when atherosclerosis (Atherosclerosis- a systemic disease characterized by damage to the arteries with the formation of lipid (mainly cholesterol) deposits in the inner lining of the vessels, which leads to narrowing of the lumen of the vessel up to complete blockage) increased risk of thromboembolism.

In rare cases, creatinuria develops, an increase in the activity of creatine kinase, an increase in the concentration cholesterol (Cholesterol- a substance from the group of sterols. It is found in significant amounts in the nervous and adipose tissues, liver, etc. In vertebrates and humans, it is the biochemical precursor of sex hormones, corticosteroids, bile acids, and in insects (ingested with food), the molting hormone. An excess of cholesterol in the human body leads to the formation of gallstones, the deposition of cholesterol in the walls of blood vessels and other metabolic disorders. Recently, it is considered more correct to use the term "cholesterol"), thrombophlebitis (Thrombophlebitis- a disease of the veins characterized by inflammation of the venous wall and thrombosis. The occurrence of thrombophlebitis is preceded by inflammation of the vein - phlebitis and periphlebitis), pulmonary embolism and thrombosis in patients who are prone to it. With bullous epidermolysis in places affected alopecia (Alopecia- increased hair loss and insufficient growth of new ones) may begin to grow white hair.

When using the drug, it is necessary to adhere to the doses and duration of the course of treatment indicated by the doctor in order to prevent overdose and the occurrence of hypervitaminosis E.

With prolonged use of high doses of the drug, it is necessary to control the time of blood clotting.

Use during pregnancy or lactation.

Under the supervision of a physician, the drug can be used in recommended doses during pregnancy or lactation.

The drug partially penetrates the placental barrier; vitamin E enters the body of the fetus, where its amount is 20-30% of the concentration of vitamin E in plasma (Plasma- the liquid part of the blood, which contains formed elements (erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets). Various diseases (rheumatism, diabetes mellitus, etc.) are diagnosed by changes in the composition of blood plasma. Medicines are prepared from blood plasma mother's blood.

Vitamin E also passes into breast milk.

Children.

The drug is contraindicated in children under 12 years of age.

The ability to influence the reaction rate when driving vehicles or working with other mechanisms.

If you experience dizziness, blurred vision, you should refrain from driving vehicles or working with other mechanisms.

Side effect

Usually the drug is well tolerated, however, with prolonged use of high doses (0.4-0.8 g per day), hypothrombinemia may increase, visual disturbances, dizziness, nausea, development of gastrointestinal bleeding, diarrhea (Diarrhea- rapid excretion of liquid stools associated with the accelerated passage of intestinal contents due to increased peristalsis, impaired absorption of water in the large intestine and the release of a significant amount of inflammatory secretion by the intestinal wall), stomach pain, liver enlargement, creatinuria, disorder digestion (Digestion- the process of mechanical and chemical processing of food, as a result of which nutrients are absorbed and assimilated, and decay products and undigested substances are excreted from the body. Chemical processing of food is carried out mainly by enzymes of digestive juices (saliva, gastric, pancreatic, intestinal juice, bile)), severe fatigue, general weakness, headache. Possible allergic reactions, including skin rash, itching (Itching- a modified feeling of pain due to irritation of the nerve endings of pain receptors), hyperemia (Hyperemia- plethora caused by increased blood flow to any organ or tissue area (arterial, active hyperemia) or its difficult outflow (venous, passive, congestive hyperemia). Accompanies any inflammation. Artificial hyperemia is caused for therapeutic purposes (compresses, heating pads, banks)) skin and fever.

Interaction with other drugs

Vitamin E cannot be used in conjunction with iron, silver, alkaline products (sodium bicarbonate, trisamine), anticoagulants (Anticoagulants- drugs that reduce blood clotting) indirect action (dicoumarin, neodicoumarin).

Vitamin E enhances the effect of steroidal and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (sodium diclofenac, ibuprofen, prednisolone); reduces toxic (Toxic- poisonous, harmful to the body) cardiac action glycosides (Glycosides- organic substances, the molecules of which consist of a carbohydrate and a non-carbohydrate component (aglycone). Widely distributed in plants, where they can be a form of transport and storage of various substances)(digitoxin, digoxin), vitamins A and D. The appointment of vitamin E in high doses can lead to a deficiency of vitamin A in the body.

Vitamin E and its metabolites have an antagonistic effect on vitamin K.

Vitamin E increases the effectiveness of antiepileptic drugs in patients with epilepsy.

Cholestyramine, colestipol, mineral oils reduce the absorption of vitamin E.

Overdose

When taking the recommended doses, adverse reactions do not appear. When taking high doses of the drug (0.4–0.8 g per day for a long time), visual disturbances, diarrhea, dizziness, headache, nausea or abdominal cramps, severe fatigue or general weakness are possible.

Very high doses of the drug (exceeding 0.8 g per day for a long time) can provoke an increased risk of bleeding in patients with vitamin K deficiency; may violate metabolism (Metabolism- the totality of all types of transformations of substances and energy in the body, ensuring its development, vital activity and self-reproduction, as well as its connection with the environment and adaptation to changes in external conditions) hormones (Hormones- biologically active substances produced in the body by specialized cells or organs (endocrine glands) and have a targeted effect on the activity of other organs and tissues) thyroid gland (Thyroid- gland of internal secretion. It is located on the neck, in the region of the laryngeal cartilages. Consists of two lobes and an isthmus. It produces the hormones thyroxine, triiodothyronine, thyrocalcitonin, which regulate the growth and development of the body (tissue differentiation, metabolic rate, etc.). Damage to the thyroid gland leads to the occurrence of certain diseases (with increased function - thyrotoxicosis, with reduced function - myxedema \; in some areas, due to a lack of iodine in water and soil, the so-called endemic goiter is common, i.e. associated with a certain area) ) and increase the risk of thrombophlebitis and thromboembolism in susceptible patients, increased creatine kinase activity, increased serum cholesterol, triglycerides, increased estrogen (Estrogen- pituitary hormone responsible for the maturation of eggs) and androgens (Androgens- male sex hormones, produced mainly by the testes, as well as the adrenal cortex and ovaries. Stimulate the development and function of male genital organs, the development of secondary sexual characteristics. By chemical nature, steroids. The main representative is testosterone) in urine.

Treatment: drug withdrawal, symptomatic therapy.

Product General Information

Best before date. 2 years.

Storage conditions. In original packaging at a temperature not exceeding 25 °C. Keep out of the reach of children.

Package.

For a dose of 0.1 g.

10 capsules in a blister; 1 blister in a pack.

10 capsules in a blister; 5 blisters in a pack.

50 capsules in a blister; 1 blister in a pack.

For a dose of 0.2 g.

10 capsules in a blister; 3 blisters in a pack.

Manufacturer.Public Joint Stock Company "Kyiv Vitamin Plant".

Location. 04073, Ukraine, Kyiv, st. Kopylovskaya, 38.

Website. www.vitamin.com.ua

This material is presented in free form on the basis of the official instructions for the medical use of the drug.

Vitamin E (tocopherol) is a unique natural compound, an antioxidant with pronounced anti-aging properties. It can be freely bought at any pharmacy in the form of capsules, oily solution and ampoule injections. Not only internal use and intramuscular administration of tocopherol is used to promote health.

Today, vitamin E is actively used for facial skin as part of various anti-aging masks to restore its former beauty to already fading and mature skin. The tool is really very effective and efficient.

Magic effect of vitamin

The active use of vitamin E at home as a cosmetic product is justified by the complex effect that it has on the skin of the face.

Rejuvenation:

stops the aging process;
promotes cell regeneration;
smoothes wrinkles;
has a lifting effect, i.e. tightens the skin, eliminates flails, sagging folds, double chin;
gives the skin elasticity, as if in youth, and pleasant elasticity;
improves blood circulation, which affects a healthy, beautiful complexion.

Antidepressant:

invigorates;
blushes cheeks;
strengthens the walls of cell membranes;
relieves fatigue.

Antioxidant:

protects cells from free radicals;
removes toxins.

Anti-inflammatory action:

localizes foci of inflammation;
eliminates acne;
opens and removes black dots;
relieves acne.

Whitening:

brightens, making almost invisible, freckles, as well as others.

Hydration:

actively moisturizes dry skin;
keeps the water balance in the cells under control;
regulates the production of sebum by the endocrine glands.

Medication:

considered an effective preventive measure against skin cancers;
eliminates the external symptoms of allergic skin reactions (peeling, rash, itching, redness);
treats anemia, protecting red blood cells from destruction and thereby saving the skin of the face from pallor.

Such a complex effect on the skin makes this pharmaceutical preparation very popular not only in home, but also in modern cosmetology. However, given that this is still a drug, it must be handled with extreme caution. First you need to learn how to use vitamin E for the face at home, and then start preparing anti-aging elixirs.

Where to get vitamin E

Before mastering the art of how to use vitamin E for the face at home, you need to choose one of its pharmacy forms, each of which can become the basis for preparing anti-aging masks.

You can buy vitamin E in capsules of a beautiful translucent amber color, inside of which there is an oily liquid. Usually, vitamin E capsules are pierced with a clean needle, the healing oil is squeezed out of them and used directly as part of homemade cosmetic masks.
Oily 50% solution, medically called "Alpha-tocopherol acetate". This dosage form is more convenient to use for home-made masks than capsules, because nothing needs to be pierced and squeezed.
Tocopherol in liquid form (in ampoules) is also very convenient as a base for anti-aging cosmetics.

All these preparations suggest that vitamin E for the face in its pure form with the addition of various auxiliary ingredients will be used for cosmetic purposes. However, if there are contraindications for the external use of this drug (serious diseases of the skin or circulatory system), it will be enough to use masks from products in which the tocopherol content is very high:

from fresh vegetables: carrots, radishes, cabbage, potatoes, lettuce, spinach, broccoli, onions;
from berries: viburnum, mountain ash, sweet cherry, sea buckthorn;
from products of animal origin: egg yolk, milk;
from cereals: oatmeal;
from unrefined vegetable oils (pumpkin, corn, olive, sunflower);
from seeds, nuts (pistachios, hazelnuts, peanuts, almonds);
from herbs: alfalfa, raspberry leaves, dandelion, nettle, rose hips, flax seeds.

By including these products in cosmetic face masks, you can fully provide the skin with natural, non-pharmacy vitamin E. Although capsules, oils and ampoules can achieve the desired effect much faster. But at the same time, it is necessary to take into account the medicinal specificity of this drug and handle it at home very carefully.

Instructions for use

If vitamin E is already in your hands, you can easily and quickly prepare a miraculous mask based on it. By adhering to the basic recommendations, you can get excellent results.

Lubricate the wrist with the acquired liquid and follow the reaction of the skin. The tool can be used if there is no itching and redness.
Steam your face over an herbal steam bath.
Exfoliate enlarged pores with a scrub
Apply a sufficiently dense layer of the vitamin mixture to the skin along the massage lines, while trying to avoid the area directly around the eyes.
Lie with the mask on your face for 20 minutes.
Wash your face with warm water, or milk, or a decoction of medicinal herbs.
Apply daily cream.
Frequency - 1 (in some cases it is possible and 2) times a week.
After 10 procedures, take a break for 2 months.

Fast, simple, easy, and most importantly - incredibly effective. Wrinkles will begin to smooth out after the first application, and after 5-6 procedures, the rejuvenating effect of vitamin E on the skin will be evident. There should be no problems with recipes, since there are a lot of them, and you will not be limited in your choice.

Mask Recipes

Face mask with vitamin E and glycerin - perfectly moisturizes dry skin

Vitamin E for external use is rarely used in its pure form. Supplement it with various other ingredients to enhance its effectiveness.

With glycerin

Homemade face mask with vitamin E and glycerin has pronounced moisturizing properties, cosmetologists recommend using it for owners of dry skin. Squeeze the oil from 10 capsules of tocopherol into a bottle of glycerin (25-30 ml), mix thoroughly, use for several procedures, store in a dark place.

With almond oil

In 3 st. l. almond oil is added 1 tsp. vitamin E in the form of oil, stir.

with herbs

Mix chamomile and nettle in crushed form (each 2 tablespoons), pour them with a glass of boiling water, leave for half an hour, strain. Soak the crumb of rye bread (20 g) in the broth, knead it to a gruel. Add 1 ampoule of injectable vitamin E.

With dimexide

Mix 2 tablespoons (full) of castor oil and burdock oil, dissolve the oil solution of tocopherol in them. Add 1 tsp. a solution of dimexide and water (in equal proportions).

With yolk

Beat almond oil (2 tablespoons) with yolk, add 1 ampoule of injectable vitamin E.

With sea buckthorn oil

Beat 1 tbsp. l. cocoa butter and sea buckthorn oil, add 1 ampoule of tocopherol.

With cottage cheese

Beat 2 tbsp. l. cottage cheese with 2 tsp. unrefined olive oil, add 1 ampoule of tocopherol.

If you want to quickly and effectively get rid of wrinkles, stop the aging process of your skin, be sure to use vitamin E for facial rejuvenation. This is an effective pharmacy drug with a minimum of contraindications and a lot of useful properties that will magically transform your skin in a short time.

Vitamin E, also known as tocopherol, plays an important role in the regulation of internal processes. Being a powerful antioxidant, this nutrient helps the human body resist pathogens and negative environmental influences. Pharmaceutical companies produce tocopherol in the form of lozenges and capsules, which contain the substance itself and various flavors. It is much more convenient to take such a dietary supplement than to gain a daily allowance from ordinary products, but some rules must be followed.

All vitamins have unique properties, E has an antioxidant effect. If you include dietary supplements and foods high in tocopherol in your diet, after a while you will notice an improvement in the condition of your hair and nails, as well as an increased healing rate of skin lesions, for example. This effect is achieved by reducing the activity of free radicals and harmful peroxide compounds, which tend to form in some reactions occurring in the human body.

It is recommended to use preparations with tocopherol for agricultural workers who spend most of their working day under the sun. Vitamin E protects the human body from the harmful effects of ultraviolet radiation, slows down aging, and prevents the development of cancer.

Useful tocopherol and people suffering from diseases of a dermatological nature. Psoriasis, dandruff, skin ulcers, lichen and dermatitis - with regular use of vitamin E will alleviate the course of these diseases. Dermatologists often recommend preparations with tocopherol to their patients, because they strengthen the walls of blood vessels, ensuring a constant flow of nutrients to the skin.

Vitamin E is also a powerful immune stimulant. To protect yourself from colds in the cold season, you should take vitamin supplements that include this nutrient. Already at the beginning of the course, the body's resistance will increase significantly.

Existing forms of release of dietary supplements

In most cases, vitamin supplements come in the form of capsules enclosed in a gelatin shell. It is assumed that the patient will swallow them with water. For children, chewable lozenges are intended, which have a more attractive taste. On the shelves of pharmacies you can find dietary supplements with any taste and aroma.

In some diseases, the patient cannot take drugs orally. For this category of buyers, manufacturers produce vitamins in an oil solution. For their preparation, as a rule, olive or peach oil is used. You can also find special solutions for intramuscular injections.

The daily intake of vitamin E depends on the person's weight and is calculated using the formula 0.2-0.3 mg per kilogram. This means that the average person needs about 10-12 mg daily. During childbearing, the need for nutrients increases, so pregnant women should take 14 mg per day. Newborns receive the required dose with mother's milk, so there is no need for special supplements when breastfeeding.

The packaging of dietary supplements always indicates the number of capsules or lozenges that should be taken daily. As a rule, one lozenge contains about 5 mg of the nutrient, but not all of this amount is absorbed by the body. For this reason, manufacturers recommend consuming 3 lozenges per day.

An increased need for nutrients is noted during certain diseases. The highest doses are required for various forms of beriberi. Depending on the severity of the disease, doctors prescribe from 20 mg of the drug, but not in the form of lozenges or capsules, but in the form of injections, which quickly compensate for the lack of the nutrient.

Vitamin supplements can be taken in courses or all year round. The duration of the course depends on the purpose of the reception and the characteristics of the diet. Certain foods can lower or increase your daily requirement for tocopherol, so take a close look at your diet.

Effect of diet composition on tocopherol intake

Vitamin supplements are a convenient way to make up for nutritional deficiencies, but part of the daily value can be obtained from regular foods. To provide your body with the necessary amount of tocopherol, add plant products to the diet. Vitamin E is found in many vegetables and fruits, nuts and greens. If your diet is rich in tocopherols, limit yourself to two lozenges a day.

Certain dietary habits may increase the required dosage. Tocopherol is needed by the body for the proper metabolism of fatty acids and is especially important if the diet includes fish and various oils. If you often consume foods high in fatty acids, add one capsule or plate to your daily allowance.

Vitamins can be both medicine and poison, so the dosage must be strictly observed during the intake. Hypervitaminosis is no less a dangerous condition than beriberi, so strictly follow the instructions. The first sign of an overdose is mild nausea. If you ignore this symptom, the following complications may develop:

constant feeling of fatigue;
decreased libido, erection problems in men;
blurred vision;
small hemorrhages, which gradually lead to more serious disorders in the work of the cardiovascular system;
dizziness and constant pain;
deviations in the work of the thyroid gland.

Before taking the supplement, it is advisable to make sure that there is no allergic reaction. Allergy to tocopherol is an infrequent occurrence, but at the first of its manifestations, it is necessary to interrupt the course and consult a doctor. Do not confuse an allergic reaction with normal side effects that do not pose a health risk. For example, if you are taking vitamin E intramuscularly and there is painful swelling at the injection site, just wait until the lump disappears by itself.

Vitamin E belongs to the group of fat-soluble substances. The element is insoluble in water, resistant to high temperatures, as well as to the influence of alkalis and acids. Taking vitamin E, the instructions for use state that you can normalize blood pressure, improve blood circulation, and also strengthen blood vessels. The main function of tocopherol is to protect cells from the negative effects of free radicals.

Release form

This element belongs to the group "Vitamins". Available in the form of tocopherol in the form of:

Capsule No. 20 (Doppergelts vitamin E forte);
Gelatin soft capsules No. 24 and 60, 400 IU each (Vitrum vitamin E);
Capsule No. 60, 100 IU each (Biovital vitamin E);
Capsule No. 30, 100 IU (tocopherol acetate);
Capsule No. 100, 200 IU (alpha-tocopherol acetate);
Oily 50% solution No. 10 and 25 in capsules of 0.2 g (alpha - tocopherol acetate);
Dragee No. 30, 100 mg each (Evitol);
Oily solution for intramuscular injections;
Chewable pastilles.

For those who cannot tolerate the oil solution, dry capsules are prescribed.

Vitamin E is also included in multivitamin complexes:

Undevit;
Gendevit;
Aekol;
Aerovit;
Levit and others.

Vitamin E properties

Element E is necessary for keeping nails, hair, skin in good condition, it slows down the aging process, and also prevents oncological diseases and has a negative effect on ultraviolet radiation. This vitamin is an effective and powerful antioxidant. It has vasodilating properties, prevents the oxidative process in the body. Tocopherol protects the lungs from atmospheric pollution, contributing to the renewal, regeneration of tissues, has a diuretic effect, which has a positive effect on lowering blood pressure.

Indications for use

Vitamin E can be used in complex therapy in the treatment of many diseases:

Hypervitaminosis A and D;
Eye diseases;
Eczema;
Dysfunction of the male reproductive system;
Violation of the menstrual cycle;
lactation period;
Adaptation period;
Great physical activity;
Osteochondrosis;
Osteoarthritis;
arthrosis;
Arthritis;
Epilepsy;
scleroderma;
Lupus erythematosus;
angina pectoris
Jaundice
Cirrhosis of the liver
Hemorrhages
Spasms of blood vessels
Vascular diseases
Violation of the sweat glands
Climax
Diseases in newborns
Risk of miscarriage
Hypotrophy
Myopathy
Rheumatism
Degenerative changes in muscle tissue
Amyotrophic syndrome
Asthenic syndrome
Hypovitaminosis E

Doses

Doses of taking element E vary depending on the purpose of its use and age. The need for a vitamin increases in people involved in sports, living in an unfavorable environment, with hormonal disruptions in the body. An increase in the average dosage is also necessary during pregnancy planning, especially for women prone to spontaneous abortions, as well as men with reduced potency.

The daily requirement of a vitamin depending on age and gender:

Population category	floor	daily requirement mg
Infants from 0-6 months	m/same	3
Infants from 7-12 months	m/same	4
Children 1-3 years old	m/same	6
Children 4-10 years old	m/same	7
	men	10
Teenagers and adults over 11 years old	women	8
During pregnancy	women	10
During breastfeeding	women	12
Athletes	m/same	14-30
Elderly people, after 50 years	m/same	10/8

Tocopherol is dosed to athletes taking into account the type and period of the load.

Admission rules

For adults and children over 12 years old, element E is prescribed in standard doses orally after meals. When planning conception, the drug is indicated for both women and men in the same daily doses of 10-15 IU. Tocopherol is actively involved in the development and formation of the egg, helps to maintain pregnancy in the 1st trimester with the threat of miscarriage, helping the embryo to gain a foothold in the uterine cavity, strengthens the placenta.

With dermatological diseases. Vitamin is prescribed 1-2 rubles / day. at a dose of 100-200 mg. The course of therapy is from 20 to 40 days;
In the complex treatment of cardiovascular and eye diseases. 1-2 rubles / day are prescribed. 100–200 mg together with element A. The course of therapy is 1–3 weeks;
With the threat of miscarriage and impaired fetal development in the 1st trimester of pregnancy, the drug is indicated 1-2 rubles / day. 100 mg for 7-14 days;
In case of hormonal failures, tocopherol is prescribed in combination with the main treatment in standard doses. The course of therapy is 30 days;
In case of violation of potency and spermatogenesis in men, taking the drug per day is indicated at a dose of 100-300 mg;
With muscle dystrophy, diseases associated with the neuromuscular system and the tendon-articular apparatus, the vitamin is prescribed at a dose of 100 mg per day, 1-2 times. The course of therapy is 30-60 days, after 2-3 months the treatment is repeated as necessary.

Contraindications

Cardiosclerosis, myocardial infarction, hypersensitivity.

Adverse reactions

With intramuscular administration of the drug, manifestations of allergic reactions, infiltrates and local pain are possible.

Overdose

In the case of taking doses higher than prescribed for a long time, the following may develop:

hemorrhagic stroke;
Ascites;
Retinal hemorrhage;
Hyperbilirubinemia;
kidney failure;
Hepatomegaly;
necrotizing colitis;
Sepsis;
Thromboembolism;
thrombophlebitis;
Hormonal disorders;
Violations;
visual disturbances;
gastralgia;
Weakness;
Nausea;
Dizziness;
Diarrhea.

If manifestations of some of the listed symptoms have been noticed, the drug should be discontinued and consult a doctor. He will prescribe symptomatic therapy, and glucocorticosteroids. To avoid an overdose, vitamin E should not be consumed without a doctor's prescription, as a person receives this element daily with food. Spontaneous prescription of the drug can only harm.

It is also necessary to strictly adhere to the rules and dose prescribed by a specialist in one case or another. However, one should not be indifferent to this vitamin, without its presence in orgasm, women will not be able to have beautiful hair, healthy skin and nails, and athletes will not score a decisive goal against an opponent.

Vitamin E is included in the group of vitamins of first importance for the body. It is found in many natural products - primarily of plant origin. However, not always a person receives a daily intake of vitamin E from the diet. In this case, dietary supplements with a high level of this and other vitamins, as well as trace elements and amino acids, will come to the rescue. Vitamin E is available in the form of a solution for intramuscular injections, capsules, lozenges, and also as a liquid for oral administration.

The pharmacological action of vitamin E is that it is a powerful antioxidant. It is a fat-soluble substance that slows down the development of free radicals and thus prevents the development of oxides that destroy cell membranes. Thanks to this, the normal functioning of the immune system is ensured and muscle tissue is strengthened. In addition, vitamin E prevents the destruction of red blood cells, and in combination with selenium slows down the oxidation of fatty acids.

Indications and dosage

Indications and contraindications of vitamin E - this is what interests the buyers of drugs in the first place. This vitamin must be supplied with biological supplements in the event that a person does not receive enough of it from food. Vitamin E deficiency is especially pronounced in newborns, as well as in children in the first years of life due to congenital or acquired diseases.

The body to fight the following diseases:

necrotizing myopathy;
Cirrhosis of the liver;
Artresia of the biliary tract;
Crohn's disease;
Obstructive jaundice, etc.

In addition, a person needs increased doses of vitamin E after gastrectomy, during pregnancy (especially when bearing multiple fetuses), during breastfeeding and when a doctor prescribes a special diet. People who want to quit smoking or get rid of drug addiction should also consume more vitamin E than others. Finally, taking vitamin E-based preparations is useful for all people to improve their health. However, it is important to observe the correct dosage here, since an excess of vitamin E is harmful to the body.

According to accepted standards, the daily requirement for vitamin E ranges from 5-7 mg for young children to 14-15 mg for adolescents and pregnant women. An average adult needs about 10 mg of the vitamin per day. For the prevention of hypovitaminosis, it is impossible to completely abandon preparations with vitamin E, but its proportion should be below average. If complex treatment of diseases with the intake of vitamin E is required, the dosage is determined by the doctor individually for the patient.

Contraindications and side effects

Side effects of vitamin E are well studied. Although they do not cause serious harm to the body, you should consult your doctor before using vitamins. Contraindications to taking vitamin E are individual intolerance to drugs and hypothrombinemia - a disease of blood clotting disorders. It develops against the background of vitamin K deficiency and increases significantly with an increase in the concentration of vitamin E in the body.

Allergic reactions and pain at the site of intramuscular injection is a possible side effect of vitamin E. An overdose of drugs is characterized by the following symptoms:

dizziness and headache;
Nausea;
Increased fatigue, asthenia;
Diarrhea;
Weakening of vision.

In more severe cases, an overdose of vitamin E leads to even more serious consequences:

The risk of bleeding with poor blood clotting;
thrombophlebitis;
Sepsis;
kidney failure;
hemorrhagic stroke;
Sexual disorders.

Interaction with other drugs

Preparations with vitamin E enhance the effect of other substances - in particular, antioxidants. They reduce toxicity and increase the effect of taking vitamins A and D. However, with an increase in the body, vitamin A levels can decrease, so you need to pay attention to the balance when taking supplements. In addition, vitamin E is used in conjunction with drugs for epilepsy and cardiovascular diseases.

Mineral oils and some other compounds slow down the absorption of vitamin E by the body. With a high concentration of iron in tissues, oxidative processes intensify, which leads to a growing need for vitamin E. It is considered unreasonable to take vitamin E in the treatment of skin diseases, hair loss, infertility, burns, and a whole list of diseases and pathologies. In order for the drugs to be beneficial, you should always consult a doctor before taking them.