1 cm3 of aluminum has a mass of 2.7. Specific gravity of aluminum

All metals have certain physical and mechanical properties, which, in fact, determine their specific gravity. To determine how one or another alloy of black or stainless steel is suitable for production, the specific weight of rolled metal is calculated. All metal products that have the same volume, but are made from different metals, for example, from iron, brass or aluminum, have a different mass, which is directly dependent on its volume. In other words, the ratio of the volume of the alloy to its mass - the specific density (kg / m3), is a constant value that will be characteristic of a given substance. The density of the alloy is calculated using a special formula and is directly related to the calculation of the specific gravity of the metal.

The specific gravity of a metal is the ratio of the weight of a homogeneous body of this substance to the volume of the metal, i.e. this is the density, in reference books it is measured in kg / m3 or g / cm3. From here you can calculate the formula for how to find out the weight of the metal. To find this, you need to multiply the reference value of the density by the volume.

The table gives the density of non-ferrous and black iron metals. The table is divided into groups of metals and alloys, where under each name the grade according to GOST and the corresponding density in g / cm3 are indicated, depending on the melting temperature. To determine the physical value of the specific density in kg / m3, you need to multiply the tabular value in g / cm3 by 1000. For example, this way you can find out what is the density of iron - 7850 kg / m3.

The most typical ferrous metal is iron. The density value - 7.85 g/cm3 can be considered as the specific gravity of ferrous metal based on iron. Ferrous metals in the table include iron, manganese, titanium, nickel, chromium, vanadium, tungsten, molybdenum, and ferrous alloys based on them, for example, stainless steels (density 7.7-8.0 g / cm3), ferrous steels ( density 7.85 g/cm3) cast iron (density 7.0-7.3 g/cm3) is mainly used. The remaining metals are considered non-ferrous, as well as alloys based on them. Non-ferrous metals in the table include the following types:

− light - magnesium, aluminum;

− noble metals (precious) - platinum, gold, silver and semi-precious copper;

− fusible metals – zinc, tin, lead.

Table. Specific gravity of metals, properties, designations of metals, melting point
Name of metal, designation	Atomic weight	Melting point, °C	Specific gravity, g / cc
Zinc Zn (Zinc)	65,37	419,5	7,13
Aluminum Al (Aluminium)	26,9815	659	2,69808
Lead Pb (Lead)	207,19	327,4	11,337
Tin Sn (Tin)	118,69	231,9	7,29
Copper Cu (Copper)	63,54	1083	8,96
Titanium Ti (Titanium)	47,90	1668	4,505
Nickel Ni (Nickel)	58,71	1455	8,91
Magnesium Mg (Magnesium)	24	650	1,74
Vanadium V (Vanadium)	6	1900	6,11
Tungsten W (Wolframium)	184	3422	19,3
Chrome Cr (Chromium)	51,996	1765	7,19
Molybdenum Mo (Molybdaenum)	92	2622	10,22
Silver Ag (Argentum)	107,9	1000	10,5
Tantalum Ta (Tantal)	180	3269	16,65
Iron Fe (Iron)	55,85	1535	7,85
Gold Au (Aurum)	197	1095	19,32
Platinum Pt (Platina)	194,8	1760	21,45

When rolling blanks from non-ferrous metals, it is still necessary to accurately know their chemical composition, since their physical properties depend on it.
For example, if aluminum contains impurities (at least within 1%) of silicon or iron, then the plastic characteristics of such a metal will be much worse.
Another requirement for hot rolling of non-ferrous metals is the extremely accurate temperature control of the metal. For example, zinc requires a temperature of strictly 180 degrees during rolling - if it is slightly higher or slightly lower, the capricious metal will sharply lose its plasticity.
Copper is more "loyal" to temperature (it can be rolled at 850 - 900 degrees), but it requires an oxidizing (with a high oxygen content) atmosphere in the melting furnace - otherwise it becomes brittle.

Table of specific gravity of metal alloys

The specific gravity of metals is most often determined in the laboratory, but in its pure form they are very rarely used in construction. The use of non-ferrous metal alloys and ferrous metal alloys is much more common, which are divided into light and heavy according to their specific gravity.

Light alloys are actively used by modern industry due to their high strength and good high-temperature mechanical properties. The main metals of such alloys are titanium, aluminum, magnesium and beryllium. But alloys based on magnesium and aluminum cannot be used in aggressive environments and at high temperatures.

Heavy alloys are based on copper, tin, zinc, and lead. Among the heavy alloys in many industries, bronze is used (an alloy of copper with aluminum, an alloy of copper with tin, manganese or iron) and brass (an alloy of zinc and copper). Architectural details and sanitary fittings are produced from these grades of alloys.

The reference table below shows the main quality characteristics and specific gravity of the most common metal alloys. The list contains data on the density of the main metal alloys at an ambient temperature of 20°C.

List of metal alloys	Density of alloys (kg / m 3)
Admiralty brass - Admiralty Brass (30% zinc, and 1% tin)	8525
Aluminum bronze - Aluminum Bronze (3-10% aluminum)	7700 - 8700
Babbit - Antifriction metal	9130 -10600
Beryllium bronze (beryllium copper) - Beryllium Copper	8100 - 8250
Delta metal - Wikiwand Delta metal	8600
Yellow Brass - Yellow Brass	8470
Phosphor bronzes - Bronze - phosphorous	8780 - 8920
Ordinary Bronzes - Bronze (8-14% Sn)	7400 - 8900
Inconel - Inconel	8497
Incoloy - Incoloy	8027
Malleable Iron - Wrought Iron	7750
Red brass (little zinc) - Red Brass	8746
Brass, casting - Brass - casting	8400 - 8700
Brass , rolled - Brass - rolled and drawn	8430 - 8730
Lungs alloys aluminum - Light alloy based on Al	2560 - 2800
Lungs alloys magnesium - Light alloy based on Mg	1760 - 1870
Manganese Bronze - Manganese Bronze	8359
Melchior - Cupronickel	8940
Monel - Monel	8360 - 8840
Stainless steel - Stainless Steel	7480 - 8000
Nickel silver - Nickel silver	8400 - 8900
Solder 50% tin/ 50% lead - Solder 50/50 Sn Pb	8885
Light-colored anti-friction alloy for pouring bearings = matte with 72-78% Cu content - White metal	7100
Lead bronzes, Bronze - lead	7700 - 8700
Carbon steel - Steel	7850
Hastelloy - Hastelloy	9245
Cast iron - Cast iron	6800 - 7800
Electrum (gold-silver alloy, 20% Au) - Electrum	8400 - 8900

The density of metals and alloys presented in the table will help you calculate the weight of the product. The technique for calculating the mass of a part is to calculate its volume, which is then multiplied by the density of the material from which it is made. Density is the mass of one cubic centimeter or cubic meter of a metal or alloy. The mass values ​​calculated on the calculator using formulas may differ from the real ones by several percent. This is not because the formulas are not exact, but because in life everything is a little more complicated than in mathematics: right angles are not quite right, a circle and a sphere are not ideal, deformation of the workpiece during bending, chasing and punching leads to uneven thickness , and you can list a bunch of other deviations from the ideal. The final blow to our commitment to precision comes from grinding and polishing, which results in unpredictable weight loss. Therefore, the values ​​obtained should be treated as indicative.

Today, many complex structures and devices have been developed that use metals and their alloys with different properties. In order to apply the most suitable alloy in a particular design, designers select it in accordance with the requirements of strength, fluidity, elasticity, etc., as well as the stability of these characteristics in the required temperature range. Next, the required amount of metal is calculated, which is required for the production of products from it. To do this, you need to calculate based on its specific gravity. This value is constant - this is one of the main characteristics of metals and alloys, which practically coincides with density. Calculating it is simple: you need to divide the weight (P) of a piece of metal in solid form by its volume (V). The resulting value is denoted γ, and it is measured in Newtons per cubic meter.

Specific Gravity Formula:

Based on the fact that weight is mass multiplied by the acceleration of free fall, we get the following:

Now about the units of measurement of specific gravity. The above Newtons per cubic meter refer to the SI system. If the CGS metric system is used, then this value is measured in dynes per cubic centimeter. In the MKSS system, the following unit is used to designate specific gravity: kilogram-force per cubic meter. Sometimes it is acceptable to use gram-force per cubic centimeter - this unit lies outside all metric systems. The main ratios are obtained as follows:

1 dyne / cm 3 \u003d 1.02 kg / m 3 \u003d 10 n / m 3.

The higher the specific gravity, the heavier the metal. For light aluminum, this value is quite small - in SI units it is 2.69808 g / cm 3 (for example, for steel it is 7.9 g / cm 3). Aluminum, as well as its alloys, is in high demand today, and its production is constantly growing. After all, this is one of the few metals needed for industry, the supply of which is in the earth's crust. Knowing the specific gravity of aluminum, you can calculate any product from it. To do this, there is a convenient metal calculator, or you can manually calculate by taking the values ​​​​of the specific gravity of the desired aluminum alloy from the table below.

However, it is important to consider that this is the theoretical weight of rolled products, since the content of additives in the alloy is not strictly defined and can vary within small limits, then the weight of rolled products of the same length, but different manufacturers or batches may differ, of course this difference is small, but it exists.

Here are some calculation examples:

Example 1. Calculate the weight of A97 aluminum wire with a diameter of 4 mm and a length of 2100 meters.

Let's determine the cross-sectional area of ​​​​the circle S \u003d πR 2 means S \u003d 3.1415 2 2 \u003d 12.56 cm 2

Let's determine the weight of rolled products knowing that the specific gravity of the brand A97 \u003d 2.71 g / cm 3

M \u003d 12.56 2.71 2100 \u003d 71478.96 grams \u003d 71.47 kg

Total wire weight 71.47 kg

Example 2. We calculate the weight of a circle made of aluminum grade AL8 with a diameter of 60 mm and a length of 150 cm in the amount of 24 pieces.

Let's determine the cross-sectional area of ​​​​the circle S \u003d πR 2 means S \u003d 3.1415 3 2 \u003d 28.26 cm 2

We determine the weight of rolled products knowing that the specific gravity of the brand AL8 \u003d 2.55 g / cm 3

How much does 1 cube of aluminum, duralumin D 16, silumin weigh 1 m3 of aluminum, duralumin, silver metal Al. The number of kilograms in 1 cubic meter of aluminum alloy, the number of tons in 1 cubic meter of duralumin alloy, kg in 1 m3 of aircraft. Bulk density of aluminum specific gravity of aluminum alloy duralumin D 16, winged metal Al.

What do we want to know today? How much does 1 cubic meter of aluminum, duralumin alloy weigh, weight of 1 m3 of aluminum, silumin, Al silver metal? No problem, you can find out the number of kilograms or the number of tons at once, the mass of silver metal Al (the weight of one cubic meter of duralumin D 16, the weight of one cubic meter of aircraft AB, the weight of one cubic meter of duralumin, the weight of 1 m3 of silumin) are indicated in table 1. If someone interesting, you can skim through the small text below, read some explanations. How is the amount of substance, material, liquid or gas we need measured? Except in those cases when it is possible to reduce the calculation of the required quantity to the calculation of goods, products, elements in pieces (piece count), it is easiest for us to determine the required quantity based on volume and weight (mass). In everyday life, the most familiar unit of measurement for us is 1 liter. However, the number of liters suitable for household calculations is not always an applicable way to determine the volume for economic activity. In addition, liters in our country have not become a generally accepted "production" and trade unit of volume. One cubic meter or, in an abbreviated version, one cube, turned out to be quite a convenient and popular unit of volume for practical use. We are used to measuring almost all substances, liquids, materials and even gases in cubic meters. It's really convenient. After all, their cost, prices, rates, consumption rates, tariffs, supply contracts are almost always tied to cubic meters (cubes), much less often to liters. No less important for practical activities is the knowledge of not only the volume, but also the weight (mass) of the substance occupying this volume: in this case, we are talking about how much 1 cubic meter of aluminum alloy, winged metal Al weighs (1 cubic meter of duralumin D 16, 1 cubic meter , 1 m3 of aviation). Knowledge of mass and volume gives us a fairly complete picture of the amount of silumin. Visitors to the site, asking how much 1 cube of duralumin, aluminum weighs, often indicate specific mass units of the silver metal Al, in which they would like to know the answer to the question. As we have noticed, most often they want to know the weight of 1 cubic meter of aluminum alloy (1 cubic meter of aircraft, 1 cubic meter of D 16 duralumin, 1 m3 of duralumin alloy) in kilograms (kg) or tons (tons). In fact, you need kg/m3 or t/m3. These are closely related units that determine the amount of silver metal Al. In principle, a fairly simple independent conversion of the weight (mass) of duralumin from tons to kilograms and vice versa is possible: from kilograms to tons. However, as practice has shown, for most site visitors it would be more convenient to immediately find out how many kilograms weigh 1 cubic meter (1 m3) of aluminum, duralumin alloy or how many tons weigh 1 cubic meter (1 m3) of aluminum, silver metal Al, without converting kilograms into tons or vice versa - the number of tons to kilograms per cubic meter (one cubic meter, one cubic meter, one m3). Therefore, in table 1, we indicated how much 1 cubic meter of aluminum alloy (1 cubic meter of duralumin, 1 meter of cubic air) weighs in kilograms (kg) and tons (tons). Choose the column of the table that you need yourself. By the way, when we ask how much 1 cube (1 m3) of duralumin alloy weighs, we mean the number of kilograms of silumin or the number of tons of aluminum. However, from a physical point of view, we are interested in the density of aluminum or the specific gravity of the silver metal Al. The mass of a unit volume or the amount of substance placed in a unit volume is the bulk density of duralumin or the specific gravity of aluminum. In this case bulk density of aluminum alloy and specific gravity of aluminum. The density of duralumin and the specific gravity of the aircraft AB (winged metal Al) in physics is usually measured not in kg / m3 or in tons / m3, but in grams per cubic centimeter: g / cm3. Therefore, in table 1, the specific gravity of the aluminum alloy and the density of aluminum, duralumin, duralumin alloy (synonyms) are indicated in grams per cubic centimeter (g / cm3)

Table 1. How much does 1 cube of aluminum, duralumin alloy weigh, weight of 1 m3 of aluminum - winged metal. Bulk density of aluminum alloy and specific gravity of aluminum in g/cm3. How many kilograms are in a cube of duralumin, tons in 1 cubic meter of duralumin, kg in 1 cubic meter of silumin, tons in 1 m3 of Al silver metal.