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"Diazepam" is a drug with psychotropic properties. Once in the body, it quickly enters the bloodstream, causing inhibition of the functions of the nervous system. This manifests itself in the form of a decrease in emotional excitability, relaxation, elimination of signs of overstrain, acceleration of the process of falling asleep. According to the instructions for use, "Diazepam" is able to enhance the properties of a number of medicines. Due to this, it is actively used as part of integrated approaches for a variety of diseases.

Compound

The active ingredient of the tranquilizer is diazepam, a chemical compound that is part of the benzodiazepine group. The component is included in the composition of many drugs. He also gave an international name to a particular product. Tablets, suppositories, microclysters contain 2, 5 or 10 mg of the ingredient, 2 ml of the Diazepam solution contains 10 mg of the substance. Depending on the type of medication, the list of its components is supplemented by products designed to stabilize it, give it a certain consistency, and improve absorption into the blood.

Release form

For ease of use, the drug is available in a variety of forms. This allows you to use it to treat different groups of patients, accurately calculate the time of onset of the effect.

The release form of the product is as follows:

tablets - intended for oral administration. Round elements of a white shade with a risk on one of the sides. Some manufacturers offer products in other colors. Tablets are packaged in blisters, packed in cardboard boxes - from 2 to 10 in each;
solution - composition in ampoules of 2 ml of 0.5% liquid for injection into a vein or muscle thickness. The package and each individual element must contain the name of the product, the volume of the active ingredient, the production date, and the expiration date. Ampoules "Diazepam" are made of tinted glass that protects the drug from exposure to ultraviolet radiation;
rectal suppositories - elements for introduction into the intestine through the rectum, 5 or 10 mg of diazepam are produced in 5 pieces in a blister. The package contains 1 or 2 blisters;
microclysters - tubes with a medicinal composition and a special tip for rectal administration. Before using the product, you must make sure that the wrapper is tight. The medicine is sold in 5 or 10 tubes per pack.

Dragees or capsules "Diazepam" are not presented in pharmacology. Such drugs are fake, their use threatens the patient with serious negative consequences.

pharmachologic effect

The product is included in the pharmacological group "tranquilizers". Some mistakenly attribute the medication to narcotic drugs, but Diazepam is not addictive and euphoric, characteristic of such formulations.

Types of action that the drug has on the body:

sedative - due to the inhibition of the limbic system of the central nervous system, the degree of emotionality of the patient is regulated. In parallel with this, the schedule of sleep and wakefulness of a particular person is adjusted, the level of his motivation changes. Emotional lability against the background of taking large doses of the product can cause problems with remembering information, the ability to concentrate;
sleeping pills - inhibition of processes in the brain reduces the activity of the organ. The result is faster falling asleep, deeper and longer sleep without awakening;
anti-anxiety - the use of the drug reduces the severity of anxiety and fear against the background of emotional overstrain. The therapy gives results in the presence of organic diseases, the influence of traumatic situations;
anticonvulsant - inhibition of the work of individual areas of the brain extends to the neurons responsible for muscle tone. A decrease in the strength of muscle fibers helps to stop seizures or reduce their severity. Maintenance therapy prevents relapses.

These effects are achieved by reducing the activity of certain parts of the nervous system. Subject to the rules of use, the drug does not have a serious effect on the central nervous system. Its entry into the body does not lead to a change in the quality of the work of the heart, blood vessels, and respiratory organs.

Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics

The mechanism of action of the drug does not depend on the type of dosage form used. The consequences of its application in any case will be the same. The main substance will begin to stimulate the activity of y-aminobutyric acid, which promotes the development of inhibitory reactions in the central nervous system. The strongest influence falls on the cerebral cortex, limbic system, thalamus and hypothalamus. Doctors note the dependence of the result of using the product on its volume. In small quantities, the remedy stimulates, and in large quantities it soothes.

The reaction of the body to the drug, depending on its dosage form:

tablets - the therapeutic response is observed after 20-40 minutes, reaches its peak after 1.5 hours. The severity of the therapeutic effect is an order of magnitude lower than when using other types of the product. This happens due to the partial destruction of the active substance in the liver, a decrease in the concentration of the composition entering the tissues of the medulla;
rectal forms - the product also begins to act in an average of half an hour. At the same time, the concentration of the composition in the blood entering the brain is an order of magnitude higher due to the fact that it bypasses the effects of liver enzymes. The result is a more pronounced therapeutic effect;
injection solution - when administered intramuscularly, the response of the body is observed a little earlier than when using oral or rectal approaches. It is more pronounced, but not as long. Intravenous administration of the composition leads to an instantaneous and most vivid reaction of the central nervous system.

The pharmacokinetics of the drug largely depends on the functional state of the kidneys. After the breakdown of the active substance in the liver, a number of metabolites are formed. Most of them do not show chemical activity, but one of the substances - nordazepam - can have a depressant effect on the central nervous system.

About 70% of metabolic products are excreted in the urine, another 10% is excreted in the intestines. The half-life of diazepam is 48 hours, but its active metabolite has twice that. Because of this, the effects of the drug may persist for several days after taking it.

Indications for use

The powerful inhibitory effect of the composition is used in situations where less aggressive products do not give the desired effect. The drug is taken only with the permission of the doctor. Some dosage forms of a tranquilizer are recommended for use in a hospital under the supervision of medical personnel. Violation of the rules for handling the drug threatens with bright side reactions.

Official indications for the use of the drug:

convulsive syndrome - the remedy allows you to relieve convulsions, prevent their development. In the first case, a solution is used, in the second - tablets;
epilepsy - the drug is effective in the fight against seizures and status epilepticus. Under certain conditions, "Diazepam" is even given to children older than 1 month, introducing it intravenously or rectally;
sleep problems - taking pills makes it easier to fall asleep;
anxiety - the list of indications includes organic diseases and disorders, the symptoms of which are unreasonable fear and anxiety. Also, the product is intended to alleviate the emotional state of patients with heart disease who are afraid of death;
bad mood - cases when irritability, aggression, nervousness are caused by pathology and are persistent. Sometimes such a clinical picture becomes a harbinger of an epileptic attack;
neurosis - the drug is introduced into the complex therapy for aggressiveness, sleep disorders, emotional instability;

psycho-emotional outburst - the drug is effective in combating extreme excitability against the background of mental pathologies, the consequences of strong experiences;
withdrawal syndrome in alcohol dependence - the product copes well with the clinical picture in the form of tremor, increased psychomotor activity, convulsions, anxiety;
increased muscle tone - practice has proven the effectiveness of the drug in tetanus, inflammatory lesions of muscles and joints, injuries of the central nervous system;
preparation for anesthesia - "Diazepam" helps to relieve the patient's fear and anxiety before a complex procedure, stimulates the action of medications used for anesthesia. This allows you to reduce the dosage of the latter, thereby reducing the likelihood of side effects.

Increasingly, the drug is used in the fight against oncology. It does not have a direct effect on cancers, but it alleviates the condition of patients. A tranquilizer relieves emotional stress, helps the patient cope with his fears. Additionally, it stimulates the properties of analgesics, allowing you to adjust their dosage downwards.

Contraindications

The inhibitory effect of the drug on the nervous system against the background of a number of conditions can be fatal for the patient. Some of the above points are not considered absolute contraindications, but relative ones. The final decision on the use of the remedy is made by the doctor based on the risks and the expected positive dynamics.

The use of the drug is prohibited when:

allergies to its components - even those patients who react with skin itching to Diazepam or its synonyms should refuse to take it. Increasing the dosage, combining with other medicines, changing the way the active substance enters the body can create a threat to life;
severe myasthenia gravis - a pathological decrease in muscle tone is fraught with problems with the patient's motor activity, respiratory depression;
any impairment of consciousness - deep depression of the central nervous system threatens to stop breathing or reduce reflexes, which leads to death;
overdose of narcotic substances - the combined effect of the components on the respiratory center in the brain leads to respiratory arrest;
poisoning with drugs that depress the functions of the central nervous system - the result of a combination of chemical compounds is loss of consciousness, coma, respiratory arrest;
a pronounced decrease in the efficiency of the liver and / or kidneys - if these organs are disrupted, the body will not be able to process the medication and / or remove its metabolites;
respiratory failure - the reduced functionality of the lungs under the influence of a tranquilizer falls even more, which threatens the death of the patient;
shock - hypotension under the influence of the drug increases, leading to loss of consciousness, circulatory failure in the tissues, death;
absence - a tranquilizer can aggravate the course of this form of an epileptic seizure, lead to the appearance of convulsions;
Lennox-Gastaut syndrome - a special type of epileptic seizure, which, under the influence of a medication, can turn into status epilepticus;
some organic lesions of the brain - we are talking about conditions in which the integrity of the brain tissue is violated. Due to damage to the blood-brain barrier, it is impossible to control the amount of drug entering the organ. Any action can cause an overdose.

It is strictly forbidden to combine taking the drug with the use of alcoholic beverages or against the background of alcohol poisoning. Violation of this rule threatens with increased excitation of the nervous system with small doses of alcohol and inhibition of its functions with significant ones. In the case of a combination of such aggressive chemical components, the drinker gets drunk faster, may lose consciousness or fall into a coma.

Side effects

An acute and violent reaction of the body to taking Diazepam is rare. Usually a negative response is limited to minor discomfort that quickly passes and does not require special treatment. In this case, in all cases of the appearance of side effects, it is recommended to contact your doctor so that he evaluates the advisability of continuing therapy.

The most common side effects of the drug:

immune - an allergic response in the form of a rash, itching, increased heart rate;
neurological - drowsiness, inhibition of reaction, lethargy, apathy. Less common is dizziness, mental retardation, impaired consciousness. Very rarely, patients complain of headache, speech problems, decreased learning ability. An unusual side effect is a reaction to a drug that is the opposite of what is expected. It is typical for people with a history of chronic alcoholism;
dyspeptic - dry mouth, bloating, diarrhea or constipation. Very rarely, the gastrointestinal tract reacts with jaundice, in which therapy must be discontinued;
from the genitourinary system - a decrease in libido, which returns after refusing the medication. Urinary incontinence is sometimes noted, more characteristic of childhood;
cardiovascular - lowering blood pressure below acceptable levels;

respiratory - the result of inhibition of the respiratory center in the brain. The risk of complications is especially high with the parenteral application of the composition, so this approach should be used in a hospital setting;
others - with a very rapid introduction of the solution into a vein, sometimes the patient has hiccups.

Separately, pain is isolated, which can occur with intravenous administration of the solution. It manifests itself in the form of a burning sensation at the point of introduction of the composition, less often the sensation spreads throughout the arm. The symptom goes away on its own within a few seconds. It rarely takes more than 1 minute.

Instructions for use - method and dosage

The principles of therapy in each case are selected by the attending physician. They can vary significantly depending on the age of the patient, his condition, diagnosis. Universal recommendations and treatment regimens are basic information, the provisions of which can be adjusted by a specialist.

Rules for the use and dose of "Diazepam" for various disorders:

convulsive attack - parenterally 5-10 mg. If it is impossible to carry out an injection, the same volume of the active substance is administered rectally;
the risk of developing seizures - 5-10 mg of "Diazepam" in tablets up to 3 times a day;
epilepsy - intravenously every 2-4 minutes or rectally according to age. The maximum parenteral dose for children under 5 years old is 5 mg, rectal - 10 mg. For children over 5 years old and adults, the maximum drug in the form of a solution is 10 mg, rectal forms - 20 mg;
sleep problems - 5 mg 2 hours before bedtime. If the severity of the effect does not satisfy, the dosage is increased by 2 times;
anxiety - up to 10-15 mg per day, divided into 3-4 doses;
bad mood - up to 10-15 mg per day for 3 doses;
neurosis - up to 10-20 mg per day for 6 doses;
overexcitation - once in a vein or muscle up to 10 mg. To maintain the effect up to 10-15 mg per day, divided into 3 doses;
abstinence - the first day, 5-10 mg 3 times. Then 5 mg up to 3 times a day;
preparation for anesthesia - at bedtime on the eve of the procedure 5 mg, 1.5 hours before surgery 5-10 mg intramuscularly. To enhance anesthesia up to 10 mg intravenously right before the administration of anesthesia;
muscle hypertonicity - 10 mg intravenously. To maintain the effect, 5 mg up to 3 times a day.

All dosage forms of Diazepam, including injection, do not need to be prepared. They can be used immediately after being taken out of the package.

Overdose

With repeated courses or too frequent use of the drug "Diazepam", the active substance or its active metabolite accumulates in the tissues of the body. Against the background of hepatic or renal insufficiency, the time for excretion of metabolic products increases even more. If at the same time you violate the rules for using the drug, an overdose may develop. This phenomenon also becomes a consequence of a significant excess of therapeutic doses of the drug.

The pathological condition is manifested by extreme excitement, depression of the heart and / or respiratory organs, blocking of reflexes. In severe cases, a coma develops. Treatment involves gastric lavage, intake of enterosorbents, the use of an antidote - Flumazenil.

Interaction

The increased chemical activity of the agent requires increased caution when it is included in complex therapy. Any drug combinations in this case must be approved by the attending physician.

When using the drug, you need to remember that it:

sharply reduces pressure and depresses the central nervous system in combination with opioids, antipsychotics, hypnotics and sedatives;
increases the concentration of antidepressants in the blood plasma;
enhances the effect of muscle relaxants, increases the risk of apnea;
becomes more aggressive under the influence of oral contraceptives;
causes dizziness when taken simultaneously with Diclofenac;
excreted more slowly under the influence of paracetamol, "Isoniazid";
excreted faster when using "Phenobarbital", "Rifampicin", "Phenytoin";
loses effectiveness in combination with caffeine;
sharply lowers pressure, can provoke loss of consciousness when used in parallel with Clozapine;
suppresses the properties of Levadopa in the treatment of Parkinson's disease;
inadequately affects the body under the influence of "Theophylline" even in minimal doses;
causes "pathological intoxication syndrome" in combination with ethanol.

Also, the product may increase the side effects of other medicines and react similarly to them. Any negative effects of taking the drug in combination with other chemicals require the evaluation of a doctor.

Terms of sale

To purchase the drug in a pharmacy, you must obtain a prescription for the drug "Diazepam" issued by a doctor.

Storage conditions and shelf life

The product must be used within 3 years from the date of manufacture. It should be stored out of the reach of children, in a dark place, at a temperature of 15-25℃.

Synonyms

The trade name of diazepam can be: "Relanium", "Diapam", "Faustan", "Relium", "Valium", "Seduxen", "Apaurin". There are several more synonyms for "Diazepam" containing the same active ingredient. None of the listed drugs can be freely presented for sale. Replacement of one product with another can only be carried out by a doctor.

During pregnancy and lactation

In the first trimester of pregnancy, it is recommended to refrain from using the product. Penetrating with blood
mother in the fetal tissue, the active substance has a depressing effect on the child's central nervous system, changes its heart rate. This threatens with congenital malformations or its delay. In the II and III trimesters, a single use of the drug or its short course is acceptable, but only in case of emergency and under the supervision of medical professionals.

Lactation with the use of the drug is incompatible. For the duration of the course, breastfeeding should be abandoned. Otherwise, the tranquilizer with mother's milk will enter the body of the newborn, provoking negative consequences. In such children, intolerance to the active component of the drug develops, side effects occur. If a woman has been taking medication for 10-14 days, you must wait at least 5 days before resuming lactation.

Analogues of "Diazepam"

The pharmaceutical industry offers dozens of tranquilizers similar in characteristics and type of effect to Diazepam. Common analogues of the remedy: Phenazepam, Elenium, Lorazepam, Finlepsin.

Diazepam withdrawal syndrome. What does diazepam give

Prohibited during pregnancy

Prohibited while breastfeeding

Forbidden to children

Has restrictions for the elderly

Has limitations for liver problems

Has limitations for kidney problems

Diazepam is a drug used in neurology, psychiatry, cardiology, surgery, anesthesiology, and dermatology. The medicine is used in many countries of the world under different trade names.

The pharmaceutical agent can be used both independently and in combination with other medicines to enhance their effect on the human body. It is important to consider that this is a rather potent substance, so you should read the instructions for using Diazepam in detail before taking it.

General information about the medication

Diazepam belongs to the group of benzodiazepines. It has a whole range of pharmacological properties, due to which it has become widespread in many branches of medicine. Refers to list No. III of the List of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances.

Pharmacological group, INN, scope

Diazepam belongs to the pharmacological group of anxiolytics. It is a derivative of benzodiazepine, has an effect on neuromuscular transmission and has an antiepileptic effect. It is used in neurological, surgical, psychiatric, dermatological, cardiological, anesthetic practice.

The INN of the drug is Diazepam.

Release forms and prices for Diazepam

The drug has two forms of release:

tablets for oral administration;
solution for injections in ampoules of 5 mg/ml.

The approximate price of Diazepam in Russian pharmacies is presented in the table.

Important! The table also shows prices for drugs containing diazepam as an active ingredient. Moreover, it should be borne in mind that the cost of medicines is approximate. Diazepam preparations are very difficult to find, not only in stationary pharmacies, but also in online pharmacies.

The composition of the drug and pharmacological properties

The tablet form of Diazepam contains 5 or 10 mg of the active component of diazepam, the solution is 10 mg in 1 ampoule.

The drug Diazepam has a wide range of actions:

sleeping pills;
sedative;
antiepileptic;
central muscle relaxant.

It is due to these pharmacological properties that the drug has found its application in neurology, cardiology, psychiatry and even surgery.

When taken orally, diazepam is absorbed into the gastrointestinal tract fairly quickly (1-1.5 hours). With intramuscular injection of the drug, its absorption sometimes takes longer.

98% of the active ingredient binds to plasma proteins. The substance crosses the blood-brain barrier and also crosses the placenta. It is known that a certain amount of diazepam passes into breast milk. Most of the substance, together with metabolites, is excreted mainly with urine.

Application and contraindications to Diazepam

Diazepam is prescribed for a large number of different diseases. In view of its wide prevalence, indications for its appointment must be considered taking into account the medical direction.

Psychiatry and neurology

Diazepam is used in neurological and psychiatric practice to treat patients with:

The drug is also used for epilepsy and alcoholic delirium (as part of complex therapy).

Pediatrics

Diazepam is prescribed for children in order to eliminate neurotic and neurosis-like conditions, the accompanying symptoms of which are:

headache;
sleep disorders;
anxiety;
panic fear;
unreasonable feeling of anxiety.

Important! The drug is prescribed to children only in the absence of the effect of the use of other drugs in this group. At the same time, the duration of Diazepam use in patients of this age group should be as short as possible.

Surgical, anesthesiology field

As an independent tool in surgery and anesthesiology, Diazepam is not prescribed, since it is not a full-fledged anesthetic drug. However, it is well suited for premedication carried out before short operations.

Cardiology practice

Diazepam is often prescribed in cardiology for the treatment of diseases such as:

angina;
vascular ischemia;
arterial hypertension.

Also, the drug is used as part of the complex treatment of myocardial infarction.

Dermatology

In dermatology, Diazepam is prescribed for the treatment of eczema, dermatitis, dermatosis, psoriasis and other skin diseases accompanied by itching and burning. In this case, the drug is used not only internally, but also externally, for lotions or compresses (solution).

Gynecology, obstetrics

The appointment of medicine in the field of obstetrics is carried out only for vital indications. So, the drug is prescribed to patients with eclampsia in the last stages of pregnancy, as well as to facilitate labor. Parenteral administration of diazepam is indicated for women at risk of placental abruption.

In gynecology, tablets are prescribed to patients during menopause, as well as to women suffering from psychosomatic disorders during PMS.

Contraindications

It is not recommended to prescribe the drug in the 1st and 2nd trimesters of pregnancy, except in situations where it is vital. A contraindication to taking tablets or using a solution is also breastfeeding and infancy up to a month.

Instructions for use of the medication

Despite the recommended dosages prescribed in the instructions for Diazepam, the required daily number of tablets or the volume of the solution is individually determined for each patient. However, generally accepted norms regarding dose titration are suitable for most patients. In some situations, the dose of the drug has to be increased. Rules for the use of Diazepam are directly dependent on the form of its release.

Injection

Adults and adolescents may be prescribed a dose of diazepam ranging from 2 to 20 mg. The drug is administered intramuscularly or intravenously. The exact dosage is calculated taking into account the specific diagnosis, the severity of the course of the pathology, the weight and age of the patient.

Important! Some diseases, such as tetanus, may require higher doses of diazepam. The medicine is administered exclusively in a hospital, under round-the-clock monitoring of the patient's condition by medical staff.

Dose titration also depends on the purpose of using the injection solution:

Note. Elderly patients suffering from impaired renal function, the dosage of the drug should be reduced.

At the very beginning of the therapeutic process, it is necessary to carefully monitor the patient's condition. Control should be carried out at regular intervals to avoid possible overdose.

Tablet form

Treatment with diazepam tablets should be started at the lowest effective dose. Then, as necessary, it can be increased until the expected result from therapy is achieved. The dosage is calculated as follows:

Diazepam in the form of microclysters

Diazepam rectal microenemas are a quick relief for epileptic seizures in adults and children. You can also find the drug under the name Diazepam Desitin. The medicine is released in special tubes, which are equipped with a long "nose". To carry out the treatment procedure, you need to press on the tube itself so that the medicine enters the rectum. With a gentle, slow movement, the “nose” of the tube is removed from the anus.

It is important! If a microclyster with diazepam is placed to prevent the development of an epileptic seizure, then the anal area must be thoroughly cleaned before the procedure. But in emergency situations, you should not waste time on hygienic manipulations.

Microclyster with diazepam is also used for convulsions that have arisen against the background of hyperthermia. A tube with 5 mg of diazepam is administered to infants from six months, as well as children weighing less than 15 kg. Children weighing more than 15 kg are given 10 mg of gel with diazepam for microclysters.

The effect appears already 4-5 minutes after the administration of the drug. In view of this, this dosage form of Diazepam is suitable for emergency care for various types of seizures and muscle spasms (except tetanus!).

Suppositories rectal

Suppositories with diazepam, as well as microclysters, are used if it is necessary to urgently eliminate convulsive seizures in epilepsy, as well as convulsions of a different etiology. Each suppository may contain 5 or 10 mg of the active ingredient.

Rectal suppositories can be administered to infants from 1 month old. The daily dose is 10 mg, a single dose is from 200 to 500 mcg per 1 kg of weight. For children over 5 years old, candles are placed at 150-500 mcg per 1 kg. The maximum allowable daily dosage is 20 mg.

Possible adverse reactions and overdose of Diazepam

As adverse reactions when using Diazepam, allergic reactions may occur. They appear:

itching;
skin rashes;
redness of the epidermis and its swelling;
Quincke's edema or angioedema (rare).

Since the drug has a direct effect on the cardiovascular system, taking it can cause:

pressure reduction;
bradycardia;
increased heart rate.

From the side of the central nervous system, adverse reactions associated with the use of Diazepam may occur:

drowsiness;
lethargy;
inhibition of reactions;
headaches;
dizziness;
double vision;
speech disorders;
trembling in the limbs;
nervousness;
increased excitability;
unreasonable fear.

Often, when diazepam is taken orally, a violation of the digestive function occurs, accompanied by diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, hiccups, and dry mouth.

With an overdose of diazepam, depression of the central nervous system occurs. It can manifest itself as weakness, drowsiness, impaired consciousness, muscle hypotension. Sometimes there is a decrease in blood pressure, ataxia, respiratory depression. In severe cases, a coma occurs.

It is possible to eliminate the symptoms of an overdose - the only antidote for diazepam poisoning is the drug Flumazenil. But it is introduced only by a competent specialist, and only in a hospital setting. However, flumazenil is recommended for overly susceptible patients before taking Diazepam. In this case, the use of an antidote is allowed to be carried out at home.

Diazepam is a sedative drug that has a hypnotic effect and relaxes the nervous system. It has an anticonvulsant effect and inhibits neurons in the center of the spinal cord. It is important to know in which cases the medicine is taken and what side effects it can cause.

Doctors prescribe Diazepam for the treatment of such diseases:

Removal of severe anxiety attacks;
For the treatment of prolonged insomnia;
Severe disorders in the nervous system;
Removal of muscle spasms caused by cerebral etiology;
Complex therapy at the time of epilepsy;
Used at the time of light operation.

In each specific disease, a certain dosage of Diazepam is used. She is appointed by the attending physician after a complete examination.

Doctors do not allow taking the drug if the patient's condition falls under a number of such contraindications:

Allergic reaction to the components in the composition;
With severe myasthenia;
At the time of respiratory failure;
Severe sleep apnea syndrome;
With problems in the liver;
If the patient has severe phobias;
Not prescribed at the time of chronic psychosis;
With alcoholism;
Dangerous at the time of drug addiction.

If you take the medicine in specific cases, then Diazepam will harm your health and may aggravate the general condition of the patient.

For the treatment to be successful, the doctor must individually determine the course of therapy and prescribe the dosage. It is necessary to start with a minimum amount of the drug and gradually increase it. Then you can avoid unwanted side effects and allergies.

The course of treatment should be minimal based on the diagnosis of the patient. At the time of insomnia treatment, the doctor prescribes a course of treatment for 1 month. To relieve stress, anxiety and panic, you need to take Diazepam for 10 days. It is necessary to use 5 mg of the drug per day. The maximum dose may be 30 mg depending on the diagnosis. This amount of the drug is allowed to be divided into several doses per day.

To relieve insomnia, you need to take 10 to 15 mg of the drug half an hour before bedtime. The doctor will gradually reduce the dosage as the patient's condition begins to improve.

To relieve spasm in the muscles, the doctor uses 15 mg per day. This dose is divided into several doses. To combat cerebral spasms, 10 to 60 mg per day are used.

Side effects of the drug

Often, patients at the time of taking there is a sharp drowsiness and fatigue during the day. Most of the time, these symptoms will go away on their own in a couple of days. It is best to reduce the dosage immediately.

Where do they occur?	Side effects
In the nervous system, such side effects may begin	Strong ataxia; speech problems; Headache attacks; The occurrence of tremor; The patient begins to feel dizzy; mood problems, irritability; The occurrence of anterograde amnesia; abnormal human behavior.
In the psychological system, such side effects may occur	feeling of anxiety; Strong overexcitation; Anger and panic; The patient becomes delirious; There are frequent nightmares; Feeling hallucinations; There is a change in behavior; severe confusion; Bouts of depression.
In digestion, the following complications can be observed:	severe nausea; Feeling of dry mouth; constipation; Problems with the work of the stomach; Attacks of vomiting.
In the work of the heart, such side effects are observed	The occurrence of arterial hypotension; circulatory problems; Insufficiency in the work of the heart; In extreme cases, cardiac arrest.
Other side effects	Severe pain in the joints; Skin reactions; problems with urinary incontinence; Jaundice rarely occurs; Falling vision; Possible changes in libido.

If the patient has taken too much medication, he may experience such unpleasant reactions in the body:

Feeling very sleepy;
There is ataxia;
Severe dysarthria;
nystagmus;
Threat to life with a large overdose;
Absence of reflexes in the patient;
Apnea occurs;
Attacks of arterial hypotension;
breathing problems;
Coma stage.

If the patient has entered a coma, it can last from 1 to 3 hours. This condition is extremely dangerous for elderly patients. For them, the coma stage can drag on for several days.

After detecting symptoms of an overdose, you should urgently go to the hospital. The doctor will immediately diagnose the vital functions and prescribe symptomatic treatment. It is important to maintain the activity of the heart and respiratory system in the first hours of an overdose.

Be sure to give the patient activated charcoal within 2 hours to cleanse the body. If a person has lost consciousness, you need to immediately bring him back to normal by doing artificial respiration. It is recommended to do a gastric lavage for complete cleansing. The best overdose remedy is Flumazenil. But it can be used as an antidote only under the supervision of a doctor.

It is necessary to know some subtleties in the use of Diazepam. Here are some tips from doctors:

At the time of therapy, it is forbidden to take alcohol in any quantity. This can harm the vessels and the respiratory system;
In the first weeks, the hypnotic effect of Diazepam may not be felt. It will show up a little later;
The drug can be addictive if taken for too long and in high doses;
If the patient abruptly stops taking diazepam and does not gradually lower the dosage, then all past symptoms may return and worsen;
Treatment for ordinary insomnia should not last more than 4 weeks. For depression and anxiety, do not exceed 12 weeks of treatment;
Taking large doses of diazepam can cause amnesia in the patient. A person will not remember some details from life. The condition can last from several hours to several days;
The doctor should prescribe the minimum dosage for people with lung problems;
Remember that lactose is present in the composition of the drug. The doctor should take this into account when prescribing the drug to patients with galactose intolerance and lactose deficiency.

Follow all these tips and consult your doctor more often. Then the therapy will pass quickly and will not cause complications in the body.

Diazepam should not be taken by pregnant women at any time. The composition of the medicine can harm the health of the mother and unborn baby. Also, diazepam should not be used during breastfeeding. Manufacturers of the drug have confirmed that it easily passes into breast milk and can cause an allergic reaction in a child. Therefore, if treatment is necessary, then the woman should immediately stop breastfeeding. If the patient has suspicions of just a pregnancy, she should immediately inform the attending physician about this and stop taking the medication.

Remember that each drug has its own characteristics and a number of contraindications. Be sure to read the instructions for use and consult with a specialist.

Name

diazepam tablets

Release form

tablets 5mg

INN

Diazepam
Analogues

Sibazon, Relium, Relanium, Diazepex

ATX code: N05BA01.
Compound

Each tablet contains:

active substance:

diazepam - 5 mg.
Pharmacotherapeutic group

Anxiolytics (tranquilizers). Benzodiazepines.
pharmachologic effect

It has a sedative-hypnotic, anticonvulsant and central muscle relaxant effect. Anxiolytic is manifested in a decrease in emotional stress, weakening anxiety, fear, anxiety. The sedative effect is manifested by a decrease in the symptoms of neurotic origin (anxiety, fear). Direct inhibition of motor nerves and muscle function is also possible. Possessing moderate sympatholytic activity, it can cause a decrease in blood pressure and dilation of the coronary vessels. Increases pain threshold. Reduces nocturnal secretion of gastric juice. The effect of the drug is manifested by 2-7 days of treatment. It practically does not affect the productive symptoms of psychotic genesis (acute delusional, hallucinatory, affective disorders), rarely there is a decrease in affective tension, delusional disorders. With withdrawal symptoms in chronic alcoholism, it causes a weakening of agitation, tremor, negativism, as well as alcoholic delirium and hallucinations. The therapeutic effect in patients with cardialgia, arrhythmias and paresthesia is observed by the end of 1 week of treatment.

Indications for use

anxiety disorders.
Dysphoria (as part of combination therapy as an additional drug).
Insomnia (difficulty falling asleep).
Spasm of skeletal muscles with local trauma;
spastic conditions associated with damage to the brain or spinal cord (cerebral palsy, athetosis, tetanus);
myositis,
bursitis,
arthritis,
rheumatic pelvis spondylitis,
progressive chronic polyarthritis;
arthrosis,
accompanied by tension of skeletal muscles;
vertebral syndrome,
angina,
tension headache.
Withdrawal alcohol syndrome (anxiety, tension, agitation, tremor, transient reactive states).

As part of complex therapy:

arterial hypertension,
peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum;
psychosomatic disorders in obstetrics and gynecology:
climacteric and menstrual disorders,
preeclampsia;
epileptic status;
eczema and other diseases accompanied by itching, irritability.
Meniere's disease.
Drug poisoning.
Premedication before surgical interventions and endoscopic manipulations, general anesthesia th.

Dosage and administration

The drug is taken orally. The dose is calculated individually depending on the patient's condition, clinical picture of the disease, sensitivity to the drug.

As an anxiolytic drug, it is prescribed orally, 2.5-10 mg 2-4 times a day.

Psychiatry: with neurosis, hysterical or hypochondriacal reactions, dysphoria of various origins, phobias - 5-10 mg 2-3 times a day. If necessary, the dose can be increased to 60 mg / day.

With alcohol withdrawal syndrome - 10 mg 3-4 times a day for the first 24 hours, followed by a decrease to 5 mg 3-4 times a day.

Elderly, debilitated patients, as well as patients with atherosclerosis at the beginning of treatment - orally, 2 mg 2 times a day, if necessary, increase until the optimal effect is obtained. Working patients are recommended to take 2.5 mg 1-2 times a day or 5 mg (basic dose) in the evening.

Neurology: spastic conditions of central origin in degenerative neurological diseases - orally, 5-10 mg 2-3 times a day.

Cardiology and rheumatology: angina - 2-5 mg 2-3 times a day; arterial hypertension - 2-5 mg 2-3 times a day, vertebral syndrome in bed rest - 10 mg 4 times a day; as an additional drug in physiotherapy for rheumatic pelvis spondyloarthritis, progressive chronic polyarthritis, arthrosis - 5 mg 1-4 times a day.

As part of the complex therapy of myocardial infarction: inside, 5-10 mg 1-3 times a day; vertebral syndrome - inside, 5 mg 1-4 times a day.

Obstetrics and gynecology: psychosomatic disorders, menopausal and menstrual disorders, gestosis - 2-5 mg 2-3 times a day. Preeclampsia - orally 5-10 mg orally 3 times a day.

Anesthesiology, surgery: premedication - on the eve of surgery, in the evening - 10-20 mg orally. Pediatrics: psychosomatic and reactive disorders, spastic states of central origin - are prescribed with a gradual increase in dose (starting with low doses and slowly increasing them to the optimal dose well tolerated by the patient), daily dose (can be divided into 2-3 doses, with the main dose the largest dose is taken in the evening): children from 6 months and older - 1-2.5 mg (or 40-200 mcg / kg, or 1.17-6 mg / sq.m) 3-4 times a day; from 1 year to 3 years - 1 mg; from 3 to 7 years - 2 mg; from 7 years and older - 3-5 mg. Daily doses - 2, 6 and 8-10 mg, respectively.
special instructions

In the process of treatment, patients are strictly prohibited from using ethanol. In case of renal / hepatic insufficiency and long-term treatment, it is necessary to control the pattern of peripheral blood and "liver" enzymes. The risk of developing drug dependence increases with the use of large doses, a significant duration of treatment, in patients who have previously abused ethanol or drugs. Without special instructions should not be used for a long time. It is unacceptable to abruptly stop treatment due to the risk of "withdrawal" syndrome (headache, myalgia, anxiety, tension, confusion, irritability; in severe cases, derealization, depersonalization, hyperacusis, photophobia, tactile hypersensitivity, paresthesias in the extremities, hallucinations and epileptic seizures), however, due to the slow half-life of diazepam, its manifestation is much weaker than that of other benzodiazepines. If patients experience such unusual reactions as increased aggressiveness, acute states of arousal, anxiety, fear, suicidal thoughts, hallucinations, increased muscle cramps, difficulty falling asleep, superficial sleep, treatment should be discontinued.

Side effects

From the nervous system: at the beginning of treatment (especially in elderly patients) - drowsiness, dizziness, increased fatigue, decreased ability to concentrate, ataxia, disorientation, gait instability and poor coordination of movements, lethargy, dullness of emotions, slowing down of mental and motor reactions, anterograde amnesia (more than often than when taking other benzodiazepines); rarely - headache, euphoria, depression, tremor, depressed mood, catalepsy, confusion, dystonic extrapyramidal reactions (uncontrolled body movements, including the eyes), weakness, myasthenia gravis during the day, hyporeflexia, dysarthria; extremely rarely - paradoxical reactions (aggressive outbursts, psychomotor agitation, fear, suicidal tendencies, muscle spasm, confusion, hallucinations, acute agitation, irritability, anxiety, insomnia).

From the side of the hematopoietic organs: leukopenia, neutropenia, agranulocytosis (chills, pyrexia, sore throat, excessive fatigue or weakness), anemia, thrombocytopenia.

From the digestive system: dry mouth or hypersalivation, heartburn, hiccups, gastralgia, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, constipation; abnormal liver function, increased activity of "liver" transaminases and alkaline phosphatase, jaundice.

From the side of the cardiovascular system: palpitations, tachycardia, lowering blood pressure (with parenteral administration).

From the genitourinary system: Urinary incontinence, urinary retention, impaired renal function, increased or decreased libido, dysmenorrhea.

Allergic reactions: skin rash, itching.

Effect on the fetus: teratogenicity (especially the first trimester), CNS depression, respiratory failure and suppression of the sucking reflex in newborns whose mothers used the drug.

Local reactions: at the injection site - phlebitis or venous thrombosis (redness, swelling or pain at the injection site).

Others: addiction, drug dependence; rarely - depression of the respiratory center, impaired function of external respiration, impaired vision (diplopia), bulimia, weight loss. With a sharp decrease in the dose or discontinuation of the intake, the “withdrawal” syndrome (irritability, headache, anxiety, excitement, agitation, fear, nervousness, sleep disturbances, dysphoria, spasm of the smooth muscles of the internal organs and skeletal muscles, depersonalization, increased sweating, depression, nausea, vomiting, tremor, perception disorders, including hyperacusis, paresthesia, photophobia, tachycardia, convulsions, hallucinations, rarely acute psychosis). When used in obstetrics - in full-term and premature babies - muscle hypotension, hypothermia, dyspnea.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity, coma, shock, acute alcohol intoxication with weakening of vital functions, acute intoxication with drugs that have a depressant effect on the central nervous system (including narcotic analgesics and hypnotics), myasthenia gravis, angle-closure glaucoma (acute attack or predisposition); severe COPD (danger of progression of the degree of respiratory failure), acute respiratory failure, pregnancy (especially the first trimester), lactation, children under 6 months of age.

Precautions: history of epilepsy or epileptic seizures (initiation of treatment with diazepam or its abrupt withdrawal may accelerate the development of seizures or status epilepticus), absence or Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (when administered intravenously contributes to tonic status epilepticus), hepatic and / or renal insufficiency, cerebral and spinal ataxias, hyperkinesis, history of drug dependence, addiction to psychoactive drugs, organic brain diseases, hypoproteinemia, sleep apnea (established or suspected), old age.
Precautionary measures

Initiation of diazepam treatment or its abrupt withdrawal in patients with epilepsy or with a history of epileptic seizures may accelerate the development of seizures or status epilepticus. During pregnancy, they are used only in exceptional cases and only for "vital" indications. It has a toxic effect on the fetus and increases the risk of congenital malformations when used in the first trimester of pregnancy. Taking therapeutic doses later in pregnancy may cause CNS depression in the newborn. Continuous use during pregnancy can lead to physical dependence - possible "withdrawal" syndrome in the newborn. Children, especially at a younger age, are very sensitive to the CNS depressant effects of benzodiazepines. Newborns are not recommended to prescribe drugs containing benzyl alcohol - a fatal toxic syndrome may develop, manifested by metabolic acidosis, CNS depression, difficulty breathing, renal failure, decreased blood pressure and, possibly, epileptic seizures, as well as intracranial hemorrhages.

During the period of treatment, care must be taken when driving vehicles and engaging in other potentially hazardous activities that require an increased concentration of attention and speed of psychomotor reactions.
Interaction with other drugs

Enhances the inhibitory effect on the central nervous system of ethanol, sedative and antipsychotic drugs (neuroleptics), antidepressants, narcotic analgesics, drugs for general anesthesia, muscle relaxants. Microsomal oxidation inhibitors (including cimetidine, oral contraceptives, erythromycin, disulfiram, fluoxetine, isoniazid, ketoconazole, metoprolol, propranolol, propoxyphene, valproic acid) prolong the half-life of diazepam and increase the effect. Inducers of microsomal liver enzymes reduce the effectiveness. Narcotic analgesics increase euphoria, leading to an increase in psychological dependence. Antihypertensive drugs may increase the severity of lowering blood pressure. Against the background of the simultaneous appointment of clozapine, it is possible to increase respiratory depression. With simultaneous use with low-polarity cardiac glycosides, an increase in the concentration of the latter in the blood serum and the development of digitalis intoxication (as a result of competition for binding to plasma proteins) are possible. Reduces the effectiveness of levodopa in patients with parkinsonism. Omeprazole prolongs the elimination time of diazepam. MAO inhibitors, analeptics, psychostimulants - reduce activity. Premedication with diazepam reduces the dose of fentanyl required for induction of general anesthesia and reduces the time required to "turn off" consciousness with induction doses.

May increase zidovudine toxicity. Rifampicin may increase the excretion of diazepam and decrease its plasma concentrations. Theophylline (used in low doses) can reduce or even reverse the sedative effect.
Overdose

Symptoms:

drowsiness, confusion, paradoxical agitation, decreased reflexes, areflexia, stupor, reduced response to pain stimuli, deep sleep, dysarthria, ataxia, visual disturbance (nystagmus), tremor, bradycardia, shortness of breath or shortness of breath, apnea, severe weakness, decreased blood pressure , collapse, depression of cardiac and respiratory activity, coma.

Treatment:

taking a large amount of liquid, gastric lavage, taking activated charcoal and immediately contacting a doctor.
Release form

Tablets of 5 mg in pack No. 20 (No. 10x2 in blister packs).

Manufacturer

RUE "Belmedpreparaty"

Name

Diazepam

Release form

solution for injections 5mg/ml

INN

Diazepam

Analogues

Valium, Diazepex, Relanium, Relium, Sibazon, Seduxen

ATX code: N05BA01.
Compound

Each ampoule contains:

Active substance:

diazepam - 10 mg.
Pharmacotherapeutic group

Anxiolytics (tranquilizers). Benzodiazepines.
pharmachologic effect

It has a sedative-hypnotic, anticonvulsant and central muscle relaxant effect. Possessing moderate sympatholytic activity, it can cause a decrease in blood pressure and dilation of the coronary vessels. Increases pain threshold. Reduces nocturnal secretion of gastric juice. The effect of the drug is manifested by 2-7 days of treatment. It practically does not affect the productive symptoms of psychotic genesis (acute delusional, hallucinatory, affective disorders), rarely there is a decrease in affective tension, delusional disorders. With withdrawal symptoms in chronic alcoholism, it causes a weakening of agitation, tremor, negativism, as well as alcoholic delirium and hallucinations. The therapeutic effect in patients with cardialgia, arrhythmias and paresthesia is observed by the end of 1 week of treatment.

Indications for use

Premedication before general anesthesia;
As a component of combined general anesthesia;
Myocardial infarction (as part of complex therapy);
Motor excitation of various etiologies in neurology and psychiatry;
Paranoid-hallucinatory states;
Epileptic seizures (stopping);
Facilitation of labor activity;
Premature birth (only at the end of the third trimester of pregnancy);
Premature detachment of the placenta.

Dosage and administration

The drug is administered intravenously or intramuscularly. The dose is calculated individually depending on the patient's condition, clinical picture of the disease, sensitivity to the drug. If necessary, intravenous drip (no more than 4 ml), the drug is diluted in a 5-10% dextrose solution or in a 0.9% NaCl solution. To avoid precipitation of the drug, at least 250 ml of infusion solution should be used, the resulting solution should be mixed quickly and thoroughly.

As part of the complex therapy of myocardial infarction: the initial dose is 10 mg intramuscularly, then they switch to oral dosage form, 5-10 mg 1-3 times a day. For premedication in case of defibrillation - 10-30 mg intravenously slowly (in separate doses); In spastic conditions of rheumatic origin, vertebral syndrome - an initial dose of 10 mg / m, then they switch to oral dosage form, 5 mg 1-4 times a day. In obstetrics and gynecology: psychosomatic disorders, menopausal and menstrual disorders, preeclampsia - 2-5 mg 2-3 times a day.

With preeclampsia - the initial dose is 10-20 mg IV, then 5-10 mg orally 3 times a day.

With eclampsia - during a crisis - in / in 10-20 mg, then, if necessary, in / in a stream or drip, not more than 100 mg / day.

In order to facilitate labor activity when the cervix is dilated by 2-3 fingers - IM 20 mg.

In case of premature birth and premature detachment of the placenta - in / m at an initial dose of 20 mg, after 1 hour the administration of the same dose is repeated; maintenance doses - from 10 mg 4 times to 20 mg 3 times a day. With premature detachment of the placenta, treatment is carried out without interruption - until the fetus ripens.

In anesthesiology and surgery: premedication - on the eve of surgery, in the evening - 10-20 mg orally; preparation for surgery - 1 hour before the start of anesthesia in / m for adults - 10-20 mg, for children - 2.5-10 mg; introduction to anesthesia - in / in 0.2-0.5 mg / kg; for short-term narcotic sleep during complex diagnostic and therapeutic interventions in therapy and surgery - in / in adults - 10-30 mg, children - 0.1-0.2 mg / kg.

In pediatrics: status epilepticus and severe recurrent epileptic seizures: children from 30 days to 5 years - in / in (slowly) 0.2-0.5 mg every 2-5 minutes up to a maximum dose of 5 mg, from 5 years and older - 1 mg every 2 -5 min to a maximum dose of 10 mg; if necessary, treatment can be repeated after 2-4 hours. Muscle relaxation, tetanus: children from 30 days to 5 years - IM or IV 1-2 mg, from 5 years and older - 5-10 mg, dose if necessary can be repeated every 3-4 hours.

With motor excitation, it is administered intramuscularly or intravenously at a dose of 10-20 mg 3 times a day.

With traumatic lesions of the spinal cord, accompanied by paraplegia or hemiplegia, chorea - in / m for adults at an initial dose of 10-20 mg, for children - 2-10 mg.

With epileptic status - in / in the initial dose of 10-20 mg, subsequently, if necessary - 20 mg / m or / in drip. For the relief of severe muscle spasm - in / in once, or twice 10 mg.

For tetanus: the initial dose is 0.1-0.3 mg / kg IV at intervals of 1-4 hours or as an IV infusion of 4-10 mg / kg / day. Elderly and senile patients should begin treatment with half the usual dose for adults, gradually increasing it, depending on the effect achieved and tolerability. Parenterally, in case of anxiety, it is administered intravenously at an initial dose of 0.1-0.2 mg / kg, injections are repeated every 8 hours until the symptoms disappear, then they switch to oral administration.
special instructions

In / in the solution of diazepam must be administered slowly, into a large vein for at least 1 minute for every 5 mg (1 ml) of the drug. It is not recommended to carry out continuous IV infusions (precipitation and adsorption of the drug by polyvinyl chloride materials of infusion balloons and tubes is possible). In the process of treatment, patients are strictly prohibited from using ethanol. In case of renal / hepatic insufficiency and long-term treatment, it is necessary to control the pattern of peripheral blood and "liver" enzymes. The risk of developing drug dependence increases with the use of large doses, a significant duration of treatment, in patients who have previously abused ethanol or drugs. Without special instructions should not be used for a long time. It is unacceptable to abruptly stop treatment due to the risk of "withdrawal" syndrome (headache, myalgia, anxiety, tension, confusion, irritability; in severe cases, derealization, depersonalization, hyperacusis, photophobia, tactile hypersensitivity, paresthesias in the extremities, hallucinations and epileptic seizures), however, due to the slow half-life of diazepam, its manifestation is much weaker than that of other benzodiazepines. If patients experience such unusual reactions as increased aggressiveness, acute states of arousal, anxiety, fear, suicidal thoughts, hallucinations, increased muscle cramps, difficulty falling asleep, superficial sleep, treatment should be discontinued.

Side effects

From the side of the hematopoietic organs: leukopenia, neutropenia, agranulocytosis (chills, pyrexia, sore throat, excessive fatigue or weakness), anemia, thrombocytopenia.

From the side of the cardiovascular system: palpitations, tachycardia, lowering blood pressure (with parenteral administration).

From the genitourinary system: Urinary incontinence, urinary retention, impaired renal function, increased or decreased libido, dysmenorrhea.

Allergic reactions: skin rash, itching.

Effect on the fetus: teratogenicity (especially the first trimester), CNS depression, respiratory failure and suppression of the sucking reflex in newborns whose mothers used the drug.

Local reactions: at the injection site - phlebitis or venous thrombosis (redness, swelling or pain at the injection site).

Contraindications

hypersensitivity,
coma,
shock,
acute alcohol intoxication with weakening of vital functions,
acute drug intoxication,
having a depressing effect on the central nervous system (including narcotic analgesics and sleeping pills),
myasthenia,
angle-closure glaucoma (acute attack or predisposition);
severe COPD (danger of progression of the degree of respiratory failure),
acute respiratory failure,
pregnancy (especially the first trimester),
lactation period,
children's age up to 30 days inclusive.

Caution: history of epilepsy or epileptic seizures (initiation of treatment with diazepam or its abrupt withdrawal may accelerate the development of seizures or status epilepticus), absence or Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (with intravenous administration contributes to the onset of tonic status epilepticus), hepatic and / or renal failure, cerebral and spinal ataxias, hyperkinesis, a history of drug dependence, a tendency to abuse psychoactive drugs, organic brain diseases, hypoproteinemia, sleep apnea (established or suspected), old age.
Precautionary measures

Microsomal oxidation inhibitors (including cimetidine, oral contraceptives, erythromycin, disulfiram, fluoxetine, isoniazid, ketoconazole, metoprolol, propranolol, propoxyphene, valproic acid) prolong the half-life of diazepam and increase the effect. Inducers of microsomal liver enzymes reduce the effectiveness. Narcotic analgesics increase euphoria, leading to an increase in psychological dependence.

Antihypertensive drugs may increase the severity of lowering blood pressure. Against the background of the simultaneous appointment of clozapine, it is possible to increase respiratory depression.

With simultaneous use with low-polarity cardiac glycosides, an increase in the concentration of the latter in the blood serum and the development of digitalis intoxication (as a result of competition for binding to plasma proteins) are possible.

Reduces the effectiveness of levodopa in patients with parkinsonism. Omeprazole prolongs the elimination time of diazepam. MAO inhibitors, analeptics, psychostimulants - reduce activity. Premedication with diazepam reduces the dose of fentanyl required for induction of general anesthesia and reduces the time required to "turn off" consciousness with induction doses.

May increase zidovudine toxicity. Rifampicin may increase the excretion of diazepam and decrease its plasma concentrations.

Theophylline (used in low doses) can reduce or even reverse the sedative effect. Pharmaceutically incompatible in one syringe with other drugs.
Overdose

Symptoms:

Treatment:

forced diuresis. Symptomatic therapy (maintenance of breathing and blood pressure), mechanical ventilation. Flumazenil is used as a specific antagonist (in a hospital setting). Hemodialysis is ineffective. The benzodiazepine antagonist flumazenil is not indicated in patients with epilepsy treated with benzodiazepines. In such patients, the antagonistic effect of benzodiazepines can provoke the development of epileptic seizures.
Release form

Solution for injections 5mg/ml in 2ml ampoules in blisters No. 5x1; №5x2.

Manufacturer

RUE "Belmedpreparaty"