10 most debilitating ailments. The most terrible diseases that exist on earth
Over the years, human health has been threatened by many diseases.
A disease that turns a person's muscles into hard bones, a bacterium that causes severe spasms and diarrhea, and a fungus that leads to a purulent growth on the legs are some of the most terrible diseases that can disfigure people.
Warning: the photos in the article are difficult to read and may shock.
1. Noma (water cancer)
Mouth ulcers that gradually eat away at the flesh until the teeth and lower jaw are exposed - this is not a scene from a horror movie, but a disease called noma.
The disease is common in Asia and Africa and is caused by a bacterium that enters the body due to poor hygiene or contaminated water, causing gangrene to develop on the face. Also known as water cancer, it can also affect the genitals.
In the past, the disease was more common, even in developed European countries, especially during World War II in prisoners and concentration camps.
Noma occurs when a bacterium enters the body, most often due to poor hygiene, contaminated water, and nutritional deficiencies or illness that weakens the immune system.
Although the disease has virtually disappeared in developed countries, without proper treatment it kills 90 percent of children.
2. Mycetoma (Madura foot)
Mycetoma is a fungal infection most commonly found in Africa, India, and Central and South America. Symptoms include swelling of feet and legs although the disease can spread throughout the body.
Later, pus may begin to come out of the swollen parts of the body. Usually, non-painful condition Therefore, patients often do not immediately seek medical help.
There is currently no cure for this disease, and in severe cases it can lead to limb loss. However, the disease can be avoided if you keep your hands and feet clean, especially when you are in the field or in nature.
3. Zudek's syndrome
In most cases, Zudeck's syndrome results injury or accident. It causes severe pain, even with a slight touch on the skin.
Zudek's syndrome may be limited to only one limb, although pain may also affect other organs.
People suffering from this syndrome feel burning sharp pain or painful, throbbing sensations. Patients may experience exacerbations due to a change in temperature, or upon impact, the affected area swells, becomes painful and rigid, and may even change in color.
Although the disease is treated, the road to recovery is usually long and difficult, including physical therapy and sometimes surgery.
4. Leprosy (leprosy)
Leprosy is a contagious infection that causes inflammation of the skin, eyes, nerves, and respiratory system. Plaques and spots can appear on the skin, and in severe cases, leprosy causes deformity and disfigurement of the body. The causative agent is a type of bacteria known as mycobacteria.
Symptoms can go unnoticed for years and lead to blurred vision and loss of sensation in the limbs and the affected area. As sensation is lost, sores and infections occur, which can eventually lead to organ loss.
Leprosy has existed since ancient times, and in the past, anyone with leprosy was isolated in a leper colony to prevent the spread of the disease. However, modern science has shown that the disease is not so contagious, so such extreme measures had little effect on its spread.
To date, there is an antimicrobial treatment that relieves this disease.
5. Filariasis
6. Vibrio vulnificus
Vibrio vulnificus is a highly contagious bacterium that causes a severe infection that can be acquired by eating raw seafood, swimming with an open wound, or stinging rays.
The disease is accompanied by many symptoms, including vomiting, severe diarrhea, blistering, and severe abdominal pain.
Vibrio vulnificus weakens the immune system by attacking the liver and blood system and can eventually kill someone who is not treated.
The disease was first documented in 1979. Scientists believe that rising temperatures in general and a decrease in salt levels on the coast leads to the spread of pathogens. The bacterium lives in warm sea water, and most often the infection occurs after eating raw seafood.
7. Picacism
Picacism is a disorder that causes inexplicable appetite for inedible things ranging from things like paper and wood to excrement and urine. This does not include people with mental disorders or those who eat inedible things for cultural or religious reasons, making diagnosis difficult.
Health problems can result from picacism, especially when eating excrement or dirt, as well as toxic substances such as paint or lead, which leads to lead poisoning.
So, a case was documented when 1400 objects were found in the stomach of a man.
8. Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressive
Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressive is a very rare, almost incurable disease that occurs in approximately 800 people worldwide.
It causes disruption of the tissue repair system and turns affected muscles, ligaments and tissues into bones.
The new bones do not have flexible connections, and when they begin to grow throughout the body, the person practically stops moving.
Removing newly formed bones only exacerbates the problem and causes uncontrolled bone growth.
In severe cases the person becomes completely immobilized.
9. Clarkson's disease (syndrome of increased capillary permeability)
Clarkson's disease is a disorder in which leakage of plasma from blood vessels. Plasma is absorbed by the skin, which leads to swelling and increase in volume.
The only treatment for Clarkson's disease is fluid injections into the body. This is a problem, as it takes three days for the bloating to subside, during which time damage to important organs and tissues can occur, which can be fatal.
The disease got its name from Dr. Bayard Clarkson, who diagnosed the disease in 1960 in a patient who had spontaneous swelling. Since then, 150 people have been diagnosed with the disease. The cause of the disease is still unknown.
10 Elephant Man Syndrome
Joseph Merrick was born in Leicester, England in 1862. He was a healthy child, but as he grew older, growths began to appear on his skin, like an elephant. Since then, he has been nicknamed "The Elephant Man".
His right arms grew disproportionately to his left, both of his legs grew to enormous size, and the skin on his face was covered with growths.
Doctors still cannot say for sure what caused Merrick's illness.
Merrick himself believed that the cause of his deformity was the emotional trauma experienced by his mother during pregnancy, when she was frightened by an elephant.
Others believe that the reason was combination of many diseases, including Proteus syndrome(unusual growth of tumors all over the body), microcephaly(reducing the size of the head), hyperostosis(excessive bone growth) and neurofibromatosis(excessive growth of benign formations). Despite all theories, the exact cause of the deformations remains a mystery.
AIDS
AIDS is Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, a deadly disease caused by HIV (human immunodeficiency virus). At the moment, humanity does not have a medicine that can defeat this disease. That is why the basis of the fight against AIDS is its prevention.
Scientists first started talking about AIDS in the 1980s. But in fact, HIV began to affect people from West Africa in the thirties. Now this disease has become a modern "plague", as more and more people are infected with it. The consequences of AIDS are often deplorable (death).
Then doctors did not pay much attention to these cases, considering them rare forms of pneumonia. The next time AIDS patients were found in 1978 among homosexuals in Sweden and the United States, as well as heterosexual men in Haiti and Tanzania.
It is worth noting that AIDS and HIV are not synonymous. AIDS is a much broader concept, meaning a deficiency of immunity, it can occur against the background of chronic debilitating diseases, when exposed to radiation energy, due to the intake of certain hormonal and medications. Now the name AIDS is used to refer only to the manifest or last stage of HIV infection.
black pox
Smallpox smallpox (or smallpox as it was formerly called) is a highly contagious viral infection that affects only humans. Smallpox, the symptoms of which are manifested in the form of general intoxication in combination with characteristic rashes covering the skin and mucous membranes, ends for patients who have undergone it with partial or complete loss of vision and in almost all cases with scars left after ulcers.
Bubonic plague
This infection at one time “mowed down” half of medieval Europe. According to various reports, the reapers of death visited 20-60 million people in order to take the souls from the cooling bodies. Mortality from the plague was up to 99%! No one can name the exact number of people who died from this infection, since at that time no calculations were made, due to the fact that people were busy surviving.
Bubonic plague is a dangerous infectious disease that develops as a result of infection with the bacterium Yersinia pestis. The name of the disease was due to the seals formed on the body, similar to buboes. Today, cases of plague are recorded in Africa and the American southwest.
Spanish Flu or Spanish Flu
The Spanish flu, or "Spanish flu", is rightfully considered the most terrifying flu epidemic in human history. In 1918-1919, the Spaniard literally deleted about 100 million people from life, which at that time was about 4% of the total population of the Earth. In 2009, the Spaniard again made itself felt, only by changing the name.
Hutchinson-Gilford Syndrome or Progeria
The rare disease of premature aging, which affected no more than 80 people worldwide, is one of the most terrible diseases in the world. Patients with progeria are doomed to a short and painful life. A remarkable fact is that this syndrome was found in only one black person. One of the most famous people affected by this disease is the South African guy Leon Botha, who was able to live for 26 years. He was a video blogger and DJ. A child with progeria may look 90 at 12.
Necrotizing fasciitis
Necrotizing fasciitis is a terrible disease that is extremely rare. In general, everything that begins with the prefix necro is terrible, but according to various sources, from 30% to 75% of those infected die from this disease. In this case, the treatment will be reduced to the timely amputation of the affected limb. Diagnosis of the disease is extremely difficult. Indeed, in the first stage, an infected person can only have a fever. Despite the fact that it is extremely difficult to get infected with this disease, unless, of course, there is contact with the carrier of the disease, necrotizing fasciitis is one of the most terrible diseases of mankind.
Lymphedema or elephantiasis
Tuberculosis (previously called Consumption)
Tuberculosis is an extremely dangerous infectious disease, which in the past was considered incurable and claimed the lives of a large number of people. It is believed that this disease is socially dependent, i. people with low social status are always at risk. Most often, the disease affects the lungs of a person. To date, tuberculosis responds well to treatment in hospitals. Unfortunately, the course of treatment takes a significant period of time - from several months to several years. A neglected disease can lead to complete disability and death, which makes tuberculosis one of the most terrible diseases of mankind.
Diabetes
Diabetes mellitus is caused by a violation of the amount or activity of insulin, a hormone that ensures the delivery of glucose from the blood to the cells of the body. There are two types - insulin-dependent (type 1) and insulin-independent (type 2). Diabetes is the cause of myocardial infarction, stroke (cerebral vessels), diabetic retinopathy (fundus vessels), diabetic nephropathy (kidney vessels), diabetic ischemic and neuropathic foot (vessels and nerves of the lower extremities).
Cancer (oncology)
Cancer is a rapid and uncontrolled division of cells, leading to the appearance of a tumor in human tissues or organs. This disease refers to those that may not appear for a long time. It affects human organs and tissues. As a result, organs cease to function.
You can die from a cold and from a runny nose, and from hiccups - the probability is an insignificant fraction of a percent, but it exists. Mortality from banal influenza is up to 30% in children under one year old and the elderly. And if you pick up one of the nine most dangerous infections, the chance to recover will be calculated in fractions of a percent.
1. Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
Spongiform encephalopathy, aka Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, ranked 1st among deadly infections. The infectious agent-causative agent was discovered relatively recently - mankind got acquainted with prion diseases in the middle of the 20th century. Prions are proteins that cause dysfunction and then cell death. Due to the special resistance, they can be transmitted from animal to person through the digestive tract - a person becomes ill by eating a piece of beef with the nervous tissue of an infected cow. The disease has been dormant for years. Then the patient begins to develop personality disorders - he becomes sloppy, grumpy, depressed, memory suffers, sometimes vision, up to blindness. For 8-24 months, dementia (dementia) develops, the patient dies from impaired brain activity. The disease is very rare (over the past 15 years, only 100 people have fallen ill), but it is absolutely incurable.
The human immunodeficiency virus has shifted from 1st to 2nd place quite recently. It is also classified as a new disease - until the second half of the 20th century, doctors did not know about infectious lesions of the immune system. According to one version, HIV appeared in Africa, passing to humans from chimpanzees. According to another, he escaped from a secret laboratory. In 1983, scientists managed to isolate an infectious agent that causes immunity damage. The virus was transmitted from person to person through blood and semen through contact with broken skin or mucous membranes. At first, people from the “risk group” - homosexuals, drug addicts, prostitutes, fell ill with HIV, but as the epidemic grew, cases of infection appeared through blood transfusion, instruments, during childbirth, etc. Over 30 years of the HIV epidemic, more than 40 million people have been affected by HIV, of which about 4 million have already died, and the rest may die if HIV goes into the stage of AIDS - an immune lesion that makes the body defenseless against any infections. The first documented case of recovery was recorded in Berlin - an AIDS patient received a successful bone marrow transplant from an HIV-resistant donor.
3. Rabies
Honorary 3rd place is occupied by Rabies virus, the causative agent of rabies. Infection occurs through saliva through a bite. The incubation period ranges from 10 days to 1 year. The disease begins with a depressed state, slightly elevated temperature, itching and pain at the bite site. After 1-3 days, an acute phase occurs - rabies, frightening others. The patient cannot drink, any sharp noise, a flash of light, the sound of flowing water cause convulsions, hallucinations and violent attacks begin. After 1-4 days, the frightening symptoms subside, but paralysis appears. The patient dies from respiratory failure. A full course of preventive vaccinations reduces the likelihood of disease to hundredths of a percent. However, after the onset of symptoms of the disease, recovery is almost impossible. With the help of the experimental "Milwaukee Protocol" (immersion in an artificial coma), four children have been saved since 2006.
4. Hemorrhagic fever
This term hides a whole group of tropical infections caused by filoviruses, arboviruses and arenaviruses. Some fevers are transmitted by airborne droplets, some through mosquito bites, some directly through the blood, contaminated things, meat and milk of sick animals. All hemorrhagic fevers are highly resistant to infectious carriers and are not destroyed in the external environment. Symptoms at the first stage are similar - high fever, delirium, muscle and bone pain, then bleeding from the physiological openings of the body, hemorrhages, and blood clotting disorders join. The liver, heart, kidneys are often affected, and due to circulatory disorders, necrosis of the fingers and toes may occur. Mortality ranges from 10-20% for yellow fever (the safest, there is a vaccine, it can be treated) to 90% for Marburg and Ebola (there is no vaccine and no cure).
Yersinia pestis, the plague bacterium, has long since retired as the deadliest bacterium. During the Great Plague of the 14th century, this infection managed to destroy about a third of the population of Europe, in the 17th century it wiped out a fifth of London. However, already at the beginning of the 20th century, the Russian doctor Vladimir Khavkin developed the so-called Khavkin vaccine, which protects against the disease. In 1910-11, the last large-scale plague epidemic occurred, affecting about 100,000 people in China. In the 21st century, the average number of cases is about 2500 per year. Symptoms - the appearance of characteristic abscesses (buboes) in the area of \u200b\u200bthe axillary or inguinal lymph nodes, fever, fever, delirium. If modern antibiotics are used, the mortality rate from an uncomplicated form is low, but with a septic or pulmonary form (the latter is also dangerous with a “plague cloud” around patients, consisting of bacteria released during coughing) is up to 90%.
6. Anthrax
The anthrax bacterium, Bacillus anthracis, was the first pathogen to be caught by "germ hunter" Robert Koch in 1876 and identified as the causative agent. Anthrax is highly contagious, forms special spores that are unusually resistant to external influences - the carcass of a cow that has died from an ulcer can poison the soil for several decades. Infection occurs through direct contact with pathogens, occasionally through the gastrointestinal tract or air contaminated with spores. Up to 98% of the disease is skin forms, with the appearance of necrotic ulcers. Further recovery or transition of the disease to the intestinal or especially dangerous pulmonary form of the disease is possible, with the occurrence of blood poisoning and pneumonia. Mortality in the cutaneous form without treatment is up to 20%, in the pulmonary form - up to 90%, even with treatment.
The last of the "old guard" of especially dangerous infections, still causing deadly epidemics - 200,000 patients, more than 3,000 deaths in 2010 in Haiti. The causative agent is Vibrio cholerae. Transmitted through faeces, contaminated water and food. Up to 80% of people who have been in contact with the causative agent of the disease remain healthy or carry the disease in a mild form. But 20% experience moderate, severe and fulminant forms of the disease. Symptoms of cholera are painless diarrhea up to 20 times a day, vomiting, convulsions and severe dehydration, leading to death. With full treatment (tetracycline antibiotics and fluoroquinolones, hydration, restoration of electrolyte and salt balance), the chance of dying is low, without treatment, mortality reaches 85%.
8. Meningococcal infection
Meningococcus Neisseria meningitidis is the most insidious infectious agent of the most dangerous. The body affects not only the pathogen itself, but also the toxins released during the decay of dead bacteria. The carrier is only a person, it is transmitted by airborne droplets, with close contact. Mostly children and people with weakened immune systems get sick, about 15% of the total number of those who were in contact. Uncomplicated disease - nasopharyngitis, runny nose, tonsillitis and fever, without consequences. Meningococcemia is characterized by high fever, rash and hemorrhage, meningitis - septic brain damage, meningoencephalitis - paralysis. Mortality without treatment - up to 70%, with timely therapy - 5%.
9. Tularemia
It is also mouse fever, deer disease, "small plague", etc. It is caused by the small Gram-negative bacterium Francisella tularensis. It is transmitted through the air, through ticks, mosquitoes, contact with patients, food products, etc., virulence is close to 100%. The symptoms are outwardly similar to the plague - buboes, lymphadenitis, high fever, pulmonary forms. Not lethal, but causes long-term disruption and, theoretically, is an ideal basis for the development of bacteriological weapons.
10. Ebola virus
The Ebola virus is transmitted by direct contact with the blood, secretions, other fluids, and organs of an infected person. Airborne transmission of the virus does not occur. The incubation period is from 2 to 21 days.
Ebola is characterized by a sudden increase in body temperature, severe general weakness, muscle and headaches, and sore throat. This is often accompanied by vomiting, diarrhea, rash, impaired kidney and liver function, and in some cases both internal and external bleeding. Lab tests reveal low levels of white blood cells and platelets along with elevated levels of liver enzymes.
In severe cases, intensive replacement therapy is required, as patients are often dehydrated and require intravenous fluids or oral rehydration with solutions containing electrolytes.
There is still no specific treatment for Ebola hemorrhagic fever or a vaccine against it. As of 2012, none of the major pharmaceutical companies has invested in the development of an Ebola vaccine, since such a vaccine has a potentially very limited market for sales: in 36 years (since 1976) there were only 2,200 cases.
Health is the most important thing that we must protect to the best of our ability. Modern medicine has learned to treat many deadly diseases or is on the verge of doing so.
Attention, some photos in the material may cause you unpleasant feelings.
Most of the victims claimed some kind of "fibers" or worms that penetrated deep into the epidermis. These "threads" can be seen under a microscope. Many scientists believe that Morgellon excites a mutation of a fungus unknown to science that can survive even at absolute zero.
The version about the psychogenic nature of the disease is also still popular. In 2012, a study was published stating that no pathogens known to science were found in patients, and widespread media coverage of Morgellon's disease provoked a sharp surge in the disease.
By 2017, there were about 20 thousand complaints with similar symptoms. Geography of the disease: USA (all 50 states), less common in the Netherlands, Australia, UK
temporary blindness
Melbourne resident Natalie Adler suffers from an unusual disease. Every three days the girl goes blind, that is, literally cannot open her eyes due to severe muscle spasms. The cycle repeats every three days. This first happened after a sinus infection complicated by a staph infection. 
Since then, Natalie has had to plan her life in such a way as to have time to do all the things in the "sighted" period. “My 18th birthday fell on a blind day, but on my 21st birthday I saw everything and my friends threw me a grand party!”
Paraneoplastic pemphigus
There are several types of pemphigus - a dermatological disease with an autoimmune nature (Autoimmune diseases are a class of diseases in which lymphocytes begin to attack their own, healthy body cells). Its paraneoplastic variety is the least common, but very dangerous.The immune system begins to attack the keratinocytes that make up the bulk of the epidermis, which is why voids are formed in it, filled with liquid. Wet blisters form at these places, through which external infections easily penetrate.
The disease is quite rare: from 1993 to 2003, 163 cases were recorded in Western countries. About 90% of patients with paraneoplastic pemphigus died within a year due to sepsis or disease-induced lung failure.
water allergy
Aquagenic urticaria is a disease in which any skin contact with water, even with one's own sweat, brings suffering to patients. An allergic reaction occurs even to distilled water, purified from any impurities. Drinking water is very painful - you have to drink milk, the body does not react so strongly to it. Taking a bath turns into hellish torture, as well as leaving the house in rainy or snowy weather. 
An allergy to water occurs in about one in 230 million people. In 2017, scientists were aware of 32 aqua allergies. For example, Briton Rachel Warwick, who was diagnosed with aquagenic urticaria at the age of 12. The disease manifested itself after a visit to a public swimming pool. The girl admitted that it is quite possible to survive with the syndrome, but there can be no talk of a full-fledged life. All she dreams about is dancing in the rain or swimming in the lake.
Trimethylaminuria, or fishy odor syndrome
Fishy odor syndrome causes a disorder in the FMO3 gene that causes the liver to lose its ability to decompose odorous trimethylamines into their odorless oxides. As a result, this substance accumulates, and its excess comes out with sweat, through the pores of the skin. A person spreads a fetid cloud around him, he may not smell himself, but those around him involuntarily move away from a patient with such a diagnosis. 
Doctors do not yet know how to “fix” FMO3, and advise the fish-smelling poor fellows to exclude eggs, legumes, all varieties of cabbage, soy products from the diet, as well as take activated charcoal daily and wash more often.
analgia
Congenital pain insensitivity is due to a mutation in the SCN9A gene and is quite common in children under 2 years of age. But there are cases - several hundred for the entire population of the globe - when immunity persists into adulthood. Patients with analgia are much more likely to get burns, fractures, or sepsis.Stephen Peet from Washington, like his twin brother, knows firsthand about the insidiousness of this syndrome. “I was 6 years old, I was rollerblading, I fell and heard my mother scream. I look - I have a bone sticking out of my leg. I didn’t feel anything,” he recalled. As a child, he broke his left leg almost every month, until the guardianship authorities removed the children from the family, suspecting violent acts. Parents had to spend a lot of time, effort and eloquence to prove their innocence.
Due to constant injuries, by the age of 30, Steve developed arthritis. The fate of his brother was much more tragic. Doctors promised that in a couple of years he would be confined to a wheelchair. After that, the young man committed suicide.
Kuru disease
The dreaded Kuru disease is guaranteed to be fatal. First, a person begins to have a terrible headache, immunity decreases, a runny nose and cough appear. Then the nerve cells responsible for the coordination of movements are affected, so the patient ceases to control the movements of the limbs, he is seized by insane trembling. In 9–12 months, the brain tissue turns into a spongy substance, and the person dies. But most die earlier - from concomitant complications, infection or pneumonia. 
Kuru disease is found only among the aborigines of Papua New Guinea from the Fore tribe. For a long time, the tribe practiced a frightening funeral custom - women and children performed ritual eating of the brain of the deceased.
As the American physician Carlton Gaidushek found out in the 1950s, prions, harmful protein structures contained in the brain tissue, are to blame for the disease. Once the Fore were weaned from ritual cannibalism, Kuru disease almost disappeared.
argyria
A rare condition also referred to as blue skin syndrome. It causes an excess of silver in the body. So, Californian Paul Carason, who became silver-blue at the age of 57, uncontrollably used a home-made balm made from colloidal silver and distilled water. The man died of a heart attack at 62. 
A similar deviation was observed in our compatriot from Kazan. Valery V.'s appearance suddenly changed after a harmless treatment of a runny nose with drops containing silver. His skin has taken on a silvery-blue hue and his hair has become blond.
Allergy to electricity
Doctors are still arguing about the nature of the disease that the character from Better Call Saul, starring Bob Odenkirk, suffered from. Some doctors believe that allergy to electromagnetic fields has psychosomatic roots. One way or another, there are more and more people complaining of a headache and deterioration of health when turning on electrical appliances. 
In some regions (Africa, Australia, South America), such a problem has not even been heard of, but, for example, in Sweden, electromagnetic allergy is officially recognized: 2.5% of the population suffers from it.
Sometimes the syndrome takes on such acute forms that patients are forced to flee into the wilderness. In the state of West Virginia, USA, there is a "reservation" free from the Internet. On its territory, Wi-Fi is prohibited at the legislative level due to the giant radio telescope located nearby. Any signals can interfere with its operation. About 200 people with hypersensitivity to electricity gathered in the district for permanent residence.
fatal familial insomnia
Hereditary prion disease leading to death. In fact, the patient dies of insomnia. The first case was recorded in 1979. While investigating the death of two of his wife's relatives, the Italian physician Ignazio Reuther discovered in her family tree deaths with similar symptoms: insomnia, resulting in extreme exhaustion. In 1984, another relative died of insomnia, and his brain was sent for further research in the United States. 
In the late 90s, scientists managed to find out the nature of the disease: due to a mutation in the 20th chromosome, aspartic acid changes to aspartic acid, as a result, the protein molecule is transformed into a prion. In a chain reaction, the prion transforms the rest of the protein molecules into their own kind. In the part of the brain that is responsible for sleep, plaques accumulate, which cause chronic insomnia, exhaustion and death.
There are 4 phases of the disease: during the first, a person becomes obsessed with paranoid ideas; by the fourth, he stops responding to external stimuli. The illness lasts from 7 to 36 months; there is no treatment, even the strongest sleeping pills do not help. In total, 40 families are known in which this disease is inherited.
Progressive fibrodysplasia
On average, one child per two million people is born with this diagnosis. This is one of the rarest and most painful diseases in the world. In total, 700 cases of fibrodysplasia have been recorded in the history of medicine, when any tissue in a person begins to degenerate into bone. 
Bone tissue with progressive fibrodysplasia grows uncontrollably at the expense of neighboring muscle tissues. The pathological process is most often triggered by an injury, even the smallest one. Moreover, surgery is not an option. If you cut out the ossified area, this will provoke a new focus of bone growth.
Fibrodysplasia is a genetic disease that is inherited and, until recently, did not respond to treatment at all. In 2006, a group of researchers at the University of Pennsylvania discovered the gene responsible for this mutation. Since then, work has begun on gene blockers in the ACVR1/ALK2 gene.
Children's Progeria
Hutchinson-Gilford syndrome, a genetic pathology that causes the body of a newborn to age about 8 times faster. At the same time, psychologically, the child remains a child.Children in the body of an old man
Typically, children with Hutchinson die by age 10–13. "Centenarians" live up to 27 years. Science knows only one case when a patient with this syndrome crossed this line: in 1986, a 45-year-old Japanese man with progeria passed away from acute heart failure.
The rarest disease in the world is Fields disease.
Perhaps it is Fields' disease that can be called the rarest disease known to man. History knows two cases of this disease, which occurred simultaneously in the same family: the twin sisters Catherine and Kirsty Fields from Wales are sick. 
In 1998, 4-year-old girls were seen by a doctor who, even after careful research, could not determine their diagnosis. The sisters slowly lost the ability to control the body, but what caused the muscle degradation that inexorably covered the entire body is unknown.
At the age of 9, Katrin and Kirsty moved to wheelchairs, and at 14 they simultaneously lost their speech. In 2012, they were given speech devices similar to the one used by Stephen Hawking. “Now we can be distinguished by our accent. I chose Australian and my sister American. The electronic voice even allows us to argue with each other,” Katrin joked.
Most diseases entail serious consequences for health, and some of them should rather be called developmental features - apart from inconvenience and a strange appearance, they carry nothing. The editors of the site offer to read more about one of these features - increased hairiness.
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Many years ago, nothing living existed on Earth, but the appearance of various organisms became the impetus for the development of the world and its evolution. Over time, people appeared who began to develop and improve their own capabilities. A variety of organisms have appeared that affect the living conditions of mankind. These organisms over the years of evolution also developed and created conditions for themselves.
Many organisms are still being studied, and some are still unknown to mankind. A variety of bacteria or bacilli are an integral part of human life. Some of them, in addition to the actual benefit, can become detrimental to a person, up to death. Their detailed study makes it possible to understand the nature of the processes, but it is impossible to completely get rid of this.
Bacteria and other microorganisms become the source of human diseases, which are difficult to count in our time. Everything starts from the usual virus, and ending with the plague. Sufficient knowledge about bacteria and viruses will prevent the emergence and development of the most terrible human diseases. Caution and the ability to protect yourself in accessible ways are also key factors in maintaining health and life.
We present you the top 10 the most terrible diseases of mankind which are deadly. You need to love your own body and protect it by any available means.
1. AIDS
At the moment, 33-45 million people on Earth are affected by this disease. This is the acquired immune deficiency syndrome. It is also called the "Plague of the 20th century". The disease develops after penetration into the body of HIV infection. Gradually, the cells of the immune system are destroyed. Her work is oppressed, and becomes ineffective, after which a terrible diagnosis is made to a person - AIDS.
In the list of the most terrible diseases of mankind, this disease is in the first position, because there are no medicines that can effectively treat. After contracting this infection, the likelihood of dying from a common illness in the form of a cold or flu increases.
2.
The main pathogens are viruses called Variolamajor and Variolaminor. With the help of timely and effective treatment, a lethal outcome can be prevented. Mortality from this disease reaches 90%. The last case of the disease was reported in 1977.
Having had smallpox, a person can go blind, and large scars remain all over the body. The peculiarity of the virus is its survivability and endurance. For many years it does not die when exposed to low temperatures, while it can survive at a temperature of one hundred degrees. After diagnosing the problem, small ulcers appear on the human body, which eventually begin to fester. In our time against smallpox there is a vaccine that is given to every person at birth.
3. Bubonic Plague (Black Death)
This disease is localized throughout the world. The main causative agent is the Yersinia pestis1 virus. The only treatment is the use of strong antibiotics, as well as the use of sulfanilamide.
Previously, the bubonic plague wiped out half the population of Europe. Several tens of millions of people died from this infection. According to some reports, the mortality rate was 99%. There is no single and accurate information on the number of deaths.
4.
The disease has affected more than half a billion people and is surely on the list with the other worst diseases of mankind in history. The Spanish flu was spread all over the world. A virus called H1N1 is the main causative agent. For treatment, drugs created on an alcohol basis were used.
The first and massive infection with the virus was in Spain. 40% of the population fell ill in the country. A famous victim of the virus was Max Weber, who was one of the politicians and economists of the time. Among all those infected, up to 100 million people died.
5.
The history includes 80 cases of manifestation of the disease. The cause of the disease lies in a genetic defect. The peculiarity of the disease is the impossibility of curing it, respectively, a person must accept this and continue to live.
The main characteristic of the disease is premature aging of the entire human body. All patients have a short and at the same time painful life. This is the main reason why progeria is on the list of the most terrible diseases of mankind.
The most famous progeria patient was a black guy. He was a DJ and video blogger. Died at 26. At the age of 12, a child with progeria syndrome may resemble a ninety-year-old man. Patients are characterized by the absence of hair, and small body size.
6.
The causative agent of this disease is the Streptococcus pyogenes virus. After it enters an open wound on the human body, the disease begins to progress. The only effective treatment is amputation of the affected limb.
The disease, despite its rarity, is terrible. On average, half of the infected people die. All treatment is reduced only to amputation, because there are no other effective methods. There is a complete defeat and extinction of tissues.
Diagnosing is not easy. Initially, the patient may develop a fever, which is a symptom of most other diseases.
7.
About 120 million people are affected in the world. The development of the disease is actively observed in Africa. The basis of the disease is the Brugiamalai virus. The main method of treatment is lymphomassage or surgical intervention.
The main problem is in changing the appearance of a person, because he turns into a "monster". The disease is considered to be exotic, because the main distribution is observed in the tropics. The reason for this is in favorable conditions for the development of pathogens. Their penetration into the body triggers the disease. It develops with the appearance of edema, after which the skin area increases, and becomes a regular mass without a shape.
8.
According to the latest data, a third of the world's population is affected by this disease. The main reason is the penetration into the body of mycobacteria, which causes tuberculosis. Chemotherapy and various drugs are an effective way of treatment.
Previously, tuberculosis was considered incurable, and many people died from it. It is believed that the disease affects mainly those people who have a low social status, because. their lifestyle increases the likelihood of getting sick. Although in reality this is far from the case and people with tuberculosis are found among all segments of the population. This may not the most terrible disease of mankind, but the treatment is long and not always pleasant.
In modern conditions, the disease is treated in a hospital. The course is prescribed individually and can take from several weeks to several years. With a neglected disease, there is a possibility of death and the inability to fully work (disability).
9. Diabetes
Up to 300 million people heard this diagnosis. The only treatments are diet, insulin injections, and drugs that lower blood sugar levels.
The essence of the disease is the inability of insulin to deliver glucose from human blood to cells. There are two types of diabetes with different symptoms and treatments. Over time, diabetes mellitus can lead to the development of many other diseases, such as heart attack and stroke, blindness, diabetic foot, and impaired kidney function.
10. Oncological diseases (Cancer)
Every year, oncology is diagnosed in several tens of millions of people. There are many reasons for the occurrence - from genetics to the wrong lifestyle. The only way to treat is the intervention of a surgeon or the use of therapy, both radiation and chemical.
As the disease progresses, cells begin to rapidly divide, forming a tumor. The peculiarity of the disease is that it can be asymptomatic. Both organs and tissues are affected. Over time, the affected organ will not be able to function normally and perform its tasks, which will inevitably lead to death.
It is worth noting that the list of the most terrible diseases of mankind presented in the article is far from complete. There are still quite a lot of terrible and deadly diseases. Here is some of them:
(infantile spinal paralysis). The causative agent is poliovirus hominis. An infectious disease in which the spinal cord is affected by the poliovirus. There is a vaccine against poliomyelitis, the use of which helped to almost completely defeat this disease.
Leprosy(Lepra or Hansen's disease). The causative agent is Mycobacterium leprae. With this disease, the human skin and the peripheral nervous system are predominantly affected. By 1990, the number of people infected with leprosy had dropped from 12 million to 2 million. According to WHO official data, in 2009 there were 213,000 cases. Currently, this disease can be effectively treated, provided it is detected in a timely manner.
Flu(ARVI) is an acute infectious disease that affects the respiratory tract of a person. Currently, more than 2,000 viruses have been identified that cause this disease. In one year, during seasonal epidemics, from a quarter to half a million people around the world die from influenza. Most of them are people of retirement age. The most dangerous are 3 subtypes of HA viruses - H1, H2, H3 and two subtypes of NA - N1, N2. The main danger in this disease is complications, because. they can cause death. The basis for the prevention of influenza is periodic vaccination. Treatment is with antiviral drugs. Vitamin C is also effective in the early stages and as a preventive measure. One of the varieties of influenza - Spanish flu, presented on our list of the most terrible diseases of mankind, is considered one of the largest disasters in human history.
In conclusion, I would like to wish everyone a full life and good health!
