Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT): how to recognize the enemy in time? Detection, diagnosis and treatment of stomach inflammation. How to treat an inflamed stomach.

Harmless inflammation of the stomach, intestines or duodenum, which can be found in most people, can eventually develop into life-threatening diseases: ulcers, malignant tumors. Therefore, gastritis and duodenitis cannot be ignored.

If pain or even just discomfort appears after eating, this means that it is time to treat the gastrointestinal tract.

Factors that trigger inflammatory processes in the gastrointestinal tract

Inflammation of the mucous membrane of the small intestine, duodenum and stomach can begin in any person.

There are many factors that can cause gastritis and duodenitis in a person of any age. The disease can be acute or chronic.

In the inner walls of the stomach there are glands that secrete digestive enzymes and hydrochloric acid, which are necessary for the digestion of food.

The organ also contains glands that produce mucus, which protects the walls from caustic gastric juice.

When the stomach or duodenum is inflamed, enzymes and mucus are released in smaller quantities, digestion is disrupted, and the entire body suffers.

Symptoms of acute gastritis are sudden severe pain in the solar plexus, weakness and “cold sweat”. If acute gastritis is not started on time and treated correctly, it becomes chronic.

Chronic inflammation of the intestines or stomach can smolder for years, sometimes throughout life. A person feels only slight discomfort before or after eating.

Such symptoms do not interfere with leading a full life. But the situation can change at any moment.

If the body weakens or additional factors act that injure the mucous membrane, then inflammation of the stomach will be activated and an exacerbation of gastritis will begin, fraught with the spread of inflammation to other organs of the digestive tract.

For example, inflammation of the upper duodenum and small intestine may begin.

The following unfavorable factors for the body can cause inflammation of the intestines, stomach or duodenum:

infection of the duodenum, small intestine and stomach by bacteria from the Helicobacter group - bacteria secrete substances that corrode and irritate the epithelium of the stomach and intestines;
radiation damage;
burns, stomach and intestinal injuries;
stress;
irregular diet, excessive consumption of spicy, fried, salty foods;
extreme diet;
internal reasons: anatomical features, hormonal disorders.

Such an anatomical feature as prolapse of the abdominal organs (most often this is prolapse of the stomach and prolapse of the intestines) cannot cause inflammatory processes in the gastrointestinal tract.

Gastroptosis - prolapse of the stomach and intestines - occurs for the same reasons as inflammation: poor nutrition, unbalanced diet.

Infection with Helicobacter bacteria occurs through water, food and contact with infected people.

With strong immunity, bacteria are not very annoying and do not show any symptoms.

But once the immune system weakens, bacteria quickly multiply, causing inflammation of the walls of the intestines or duodenum.

A cardiologist may recommend taking aspirin tablets to prevent stroke.

This medicine is beneficial for the cardiovascular system, as it inhibits thrombus formation and helps keep the bloodstream clean.

You need to carefully read the instructions and take the pills prescribed by your doctor correctly. So, you can take aspirin daily without harming the mucous membrane if you take the tablets with plenty of water or drink them after meals.

You can also replace regular aspirin tablets with a modern analogue in a coating that prevents the tablet from being absorbed in the stomach.

Symptoms of inflammation

Doctors distinguish several types of inflammation depending on their location and the characteristics of their course.

Simply put, all gastritis can be combined into two groups: inflammation with low acidity and inflammation with high acidity. The symptoms of all gastritis included in the general group will be similar.

You can take acidity readings using a probe or in a more modern way - insert a special sensor into the stomach that will track changes in pH over a certain period of time.

This study is called pH-metry. In some cases, it makes sense to determine acidity indirectly by examining the pH level of urine.

Gastritis with high acidity occurs with severe heartburn. The pain begins some time after eating and is concentrated in the solar plexus area.

After taking food or medications that are harmful to the stomach, the pain becomes especially severe.

Gastritis with low acidity can be recognized by frequent belching with the smell of hydrogen sulfide. There is no pain in the stomach as such.

A person suffers from gas, bloating of the large intestine, constipation or diarrhea - these are consequences of poor digestion of food.

Chronic gastritis has different symptoms, but they are all minor.

Chronic gastritis can be suspected if a person has the following symptoms:

irregular bowel movements;
yellow or gray coating on the tongue;
reduced performance;
flatulence;
anemia, drowsiness,
breaks into a cold sweat;
Diarrhea or constipation often occur without objective reasons.

Chronic inflammation of the gastric mucosa is dangerous due to atrophy of the epithelium. After this, the glands stop working, and atypical cells appear in place of normal cells - these are symptoms of cancer.

This type of inflammation, such as erosive gastritis, which occurs with high acidity, does not cause much discomfort until a person begins to experience severe abdominal pain.

In this case, gastroscopy reveals a stomach ulcer, which arose after erosive inflammation completely destroyed the glands that produce mucus that protects the walls.

Treatment of inflammation

Symptoms of inflammation of the duodenum and stomach are not specific. For example, the same symptoms indicate prolapse of the abdominal organs: prolapse of the stomach and prolapse of the intestines.

Only a doctor can make a correct diagnosis, based on the results of tests and studies. Only a gastroenterologist can prescribe treatment for gastritis.
Video:

To diagnose stomach inflammation, you will need to undergo the following tests:

Ultrasound of the stomach;
examination of the esophagus, duodenum and stomach using a gastroscope (patients call this examination “gut swallowing”);
biopsy of the gastric mucosa;
measuring the acidity of gastric juice;
blood test to detect anemia;
examination of stool for the presence of blood in it;
test for Helicobacter pylori infection.

Treatment depends on the form of gastritis and its severity.

It consists of four components:

diet;
treatment with medications that normalize acidity;
treatment with medications that restore the epithelium;
course of antibacterial therapy if Helicobacter pylori infection is confirmed.

Despite the fact that the doctor prescribes the treatment, the role of the patient himself is incredibly important, since the treatment of gastrointestinal inflammation involves following a strict diet.

Treatment of gastritis of any form is impossible if the diet is not followed. You need to eat fractionally - 5 – 7 times a day. The diet itself involves a number of serious dietary restrictions.

The Pevzner diet No. 5 can be taken as a basis. Products that can injure unhealthy epithelium are prohibited. These are hot, sour, salty, spicy, fried and fatty dishes.

If you have high acidity, you should not drink strong coffee and tea, or eat rich broths - meat, fish and mushroom, as they increase secretion.

With low acidity, broths, on the contrary, should be present in the diet every day.

If inflammation occurs with low acidity, then you need a diet that excludes all foods that take a long time to digest. These are fried products made from flour: pancakes, pies, belyashi and others.

A diet is not just a set of dishes. Digestion begins in the mouth, so food must be chewed thoroughly so that salivary enzymes have time to act on it.

This diet improves digestion and makes it easier for the stomach to digest food.

There are many “folk” methods for treating gastritis. Among them sometimes there are such exotic ones as treatment with alcohol.

We can definitely say that if you have inflammation of the stomach, drinking alcohol is contraindicated. Ethyl alcohol irritates the walls of the stomach, so symptoms appear that indicate an exacerbation of the disease.

Inflammation of the gastric mucosa can begin from a minor factor, for example, from the habit of eating food with spicy seasonings every day. This disease needs to be treated long and carefully.

You need a diet, you will have to undergo a series of examinations, take pills and carefully follow the recommendations of a gastroenterologist for several months.

Therefore, it is better to initially lead a healthy lifestyle and do not forget to eat regularly - then the digestive organs will not require treatment at all.

Inflammation of the gastric mucosa or gastritis is a serious disease in the stomach, which leads to a malfunction of this organ and disruption of general digestion in the body. Let's look at the signs and symptoms of this condition, methods of treating it, and much more.

Gastritis can be acute or chronic in its form.

Acute gastritis is accompanied by a rapid progression and pronounced symptoms. It develops in patients with high stomach acidity.

Chronic inflammation of the mucous membrane, as a rule, has less pronounced symptoms, but this condition is considered more dangerous than acute gastritis. This is explained by the fact that chronic inflammation can lead to more severe complications in the gastrointestinal tract.

Each form of gastritis can develop for different reasons. Let's look at them in more detail.

Acute inflammation of the gastric mucosa is provoked by the following factors:

The entry of pathogenic bacteria and fungi into the stomach cavity, which begin to greatly irritate the gastric mucosa and provoke inflammation.
Frequent consumption of alcohol-containing drinks and alcohol dependence also provokes the rapid development of gastritis. This is explained by the fact that when ethanol enters the stomach in large quantities, it begins to disrupt the general acid threshold in the body, which leads to inflammatory processes in the gastrointestinal tract.
Poor nutrition is one of the most common causes of gastritis. This usually applies to patients in the age group of twenty to thirty-five years who are not careful about what they eat.

At the same time, the most dangerous products that provoke inflammation of the stomach are:

frequent consumption of spicy or fatty foods;
conservation;
coarse vegetable fiber;
animal fats;
fried food;
semi-finished products;
difficult to digest food;
sour foods;
products that contain carcinogens.

Long-term use of certain groups of medications that irritate the gastric mucosa. Most often, these medications are: sleeping pills, painkillers (analgesics), drugs that ensure normal blood clotting.
Eating expired products that are already contaminated with pathogenic bacteria.
Ingestion of various dangerous chemical irritants and toxins into the stomach.
The presence of pathological dysbiosis in the stomach (read what folk remedies to treat dysbiosis).
Metabolic disorders in the body.
Poor chewing of food.
Smoking.

Important! In addition to gastritis, smokers risk developing stomach ulcers and other dangerous diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and cardiovascular system.

The presence of untreated acute gastrointestinal diseases.
An unbalanced menu that is overloaded with salt, fat or sugar.

The causes of chronic gastritis are:

Frequent stress, nervous strain and other disorders in the central nervous system.

Important! An unstable psycho-emotional state of a person is negatively reflected in all his systems, especially the nervous, cardiovascular and endocrine ones.
Important! If you self-prescribe medications, the latter can not only cause gastritis, but also provoke a deterioration in the functioning of the kidneys, liver, cardiovascular and nervous systems. For this reason, you can only take the medications prescribed by your doctor.

Gout.
Kidney diseases causing intoxication.
A sharp decrease in the level of oxygen in a person’s blood.
Human genetic predisposition to stomach diseases.
Congenital pathologies of the development of the stomach, due to which it becomes more susceptible to irritants.
Decreased immunity, due to which its protective cells can no longer neutralize the activity of dangerous fungi and bacteria.

Types of inflammation of the gastric mucosa

Acute gastritis has the following varieties:

Catarrhal gastritis usually develops due to an unbalanced diet or food poisoning. It is accompanied by intoxication of the body, inflammation of the stomach and dystrophic changes in its surface epithelium.
Fibrous gastritis appears with severe poisoning by chemicals and acids, as well as with infectious diseases.
The necrotic form of inflammation of the stomach develops when chemical acids and metals enter this organ. At the same time, the patient’s stomach tissue begins to die and change irreparably.
The purulent form of gastritis develops due to the influence of a stomach ulcer. In this case, the patient will develop a purulent secretion in this organ and severe intoxication of the body.

Chronic inflammation of the gastric mucosa has the following types:

Autoimmune inflammation. It is accompanied by the development of anemia.
Bacterial inflammation develops when the stomach is damaged by dangerous bacteria. This type of gastritis occurs most often.
The erosive form of inflammation occurs due to long-term use of medications that irritate the gastric mucosa.
Alcoholic gastritis develops in people who frequently drink alcohol and have an alcohol addiction.

Symptoms and signs of gastritis

Most often, gastritis manifests itself as follows:

Nausea that occurs in the morning or after eating fatty, spicy or salty foods.
Belching.
Vomit.
Loss of appetite.
Weakness.
Malaise.
Body aches.
Sleep disturbance.
Sudden weight loss.
Bloating.
Flatulence.
Indigestion.
Feeling of heaviness in the stomach after eating.
Unpleasant taste in the mouth.
The appearance of a gray coating on the tongue.
Headaches and dizziness.
The appearance of various disorders in the cardiovascular system.
Drowsiness.
Fever is inherent in chronic gastritis.
Loss of strength.
The appearance of blood clots in the vomit.
Stomach bleeding and blood in the stool.
Stomach pain is the most common symptom of gastritis. In this case, the pain will be localized in the side and radiate to the lower back.

The nature of the pain is sharp, stabbing, shooting, pressing, burning.

Possible complications

If left untreated, inflammation of the gastric mucosa can cause the following complications in the patient's condition:

Hypovitaminosis.
Severe intoxication of the body.
Opening of internal bleeding.
Sepsis.
Peritonitis.
Anemia.
Pancreatitis.
Dehydration can develop with frequent vomiting.
Anorexia.
Increased risk of developing gastric cancer.
The appearance of a stomach ulcer.

Methods for diagnosing pathology

If the first suspicion of gastritis arises, the patient should consult a gastroenterologist as soon as possible. During the initial examination, the doctor will collect anamnesis (symptoms) and prescribe the following mandatory examinations:

General blood and urine analysis.
Advanced biochemical blood test.
Palpation of the abdomen.
Ultrasound of the abdominal cavity.
Stool analysis.
Endoscopic examination of the gastric mucosa.

Treatment of acute gastritis

Treatment of acute inflammation of the gastric mucosa depends on the cause that caused the disease. Thus, therapeutic therapy has the following features:

If gastritis is caused by poisoning, then the patient needs to rinse the stomach and prescribe sorbents. A person should drink plenty of fluids and take antispasmodics.
For catarrhal gastritis, you need to completely cleanse the stomach and rinse it with water. For five days, the patient must follow a diet and take enveloping medications.
Bacterial gastritis can be treated with antibiotics.
Purulent acute gastritis can also be treated with antibiotics. Also, in severe cases, the patient is indicated for surgical treatment.

In addition to drug therapy, when treating acute gastritis, the patient must adhere to a therapeutic diet. It provides the following:

On the first day of treatment, you can only drink rosehip decoction, strong black tea and water. In this case, you can’t eat anything else. You need to give your stomach time to “rest.”
On the second day, you are allowed to eat liquid soups, kefir and low-fat broths.
On the third day, you can add rice porridge without salt, kefir, boiled eggs and biscuits.
On the fifth day you can eat bread crumbs, meat soufflé and fruit jelly.

After this, the patient is re-examined and a further course of treatment and diet is prescribed.

Features of the treatment of chronic gastritis

First of all, when treating chronic inflammation of the stomach, the patient needs to adjust his diet and give up:

fatty and fried foods;
flour;
hot sauces and dishes;
garlic;
animal fats;
seasonings;
salt;
sour foods;
strong tea;
coffee;
smoked meats;
alcohol.

The basis of the diet should be:

low-fat fermented milk products;
porridge;
vegetable soups;
boiled fish and meat;
fruit jelly;
dried fruits;
non-acidic juices;
baked apples;
vegetable dishes.

In addition, you need to eat often, but in small portions. It is also important to avoid overeating.

As for drug therapy, for chronic gastritis the following are usually prescribed:

Drugs to improve digestion.
Venter.
Denol.
Festal.
Pancreatin.

Prevention

Fortunately, gastritis is a disease whose development can be prevented. To do this, you should adhere to the following doctor's recommendations:

Treat in a timely manner those diseases that can lead to gastritis.

Professional skills: diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and biliary system.

The health of the human body depends on nutrition. An unhealthy stomach causes many diseases. How to restore the gastric mucosa?

This question is asked very often when pain appears in the stomach area and discomfort is felt. The process of restoring the gastric mucosa is quite complex, sometimes lasting a very long time. Treatment should be started as early as possible so that the disease does not become critical.

How to start treatment

First of all, you need to forget about cigarettes and stop drinking alcohol. The renunciation of such bad habits must be complete, without any exceptions. These habits equally affect digestion; they are terrible enemies of the gastric mucosa.

You definitely need to work out your own menu to restore the gastric mucosa. Eating should be frequent, but in limited quantities. Coffee should be drunk only before meals, this should not be done after it. Spicy, fried and fatty foods are excluded from the diet.

Poorly digested in the body:

cabbage;
greenery;
mushrooms;
raw vegetables.

Food does not need to be taken very hot; slightly warmed dishes are considered the best option.

In order for the gastric mucosa to be restored, medications are used to help eliminate those elements that create conditions for the development of gastritis and its exacerbation. Medicines help restore the mucous membrane and start restorative processes.

When treatment is carried out, the patient eats strictly according to his schedule. A diet is prescribed, usually only plant-based. It is agreed upon with a doctor, who, depending on the type of gastritis and the amount of acidity, prescribes its form.

Drug treatment

Doctors prescribe special medications to secrete hydrochloric acid to produce pepsin. They are taken before meals. If it is difficult to take medications, hydrochloric acid is sometimes delivered to the stomach directly through the esophagus using a thin tube. This way the tooth enamel is not damaged.

The use of medications must be carried out in conjunction with the elimination of all causes that provoked acute gastritis. To reduce stomach acidity, use:

Almagel;
Maalox.

These drugs have a protective function. The antacids they contain cover the entire surface of the stomach, preventing acid from penetrating inside, thus blocking the entry of acid.

To restore the mucous membrane, hormonal drugs are also used. Cytotec helps reduce the effect of hydrochloric acid. As a result, stomach protection is created. However, in addition to its positive qualities, the drug has some contraindications. Pregnant women should not take this medicine. It can cause premature birth.

Some types of medications protect the lining of the stomach. This group includes Venter, Pepto-Bismol.

When they enter the body, the effect of hydrochloric acid on the gastric mucosa is blocked.

Medicines

In gastroenterology, in order to restore the mucosa and when increasing cell regeneration takes place, the following drugs are used:

Prostaglandin E and its varieties:

Misoprostol;
Cytotech.

Herbal medicines:

sea buckthorn oil;
aloe.

Preparations of animal origin: Solcoseryl and Actovegin.

Antisecretory drugs include:

Omeprazole;
Lansoprazole.

To normalize the intestinal microflora, the following are prescribed:

Bifiform;
Lactobacterin.

Basically, in order to restore the gastric mucosa, it is necessary to know exactly the cause of its damage. In the absence of clinical manifestations, appropriate treatment is still required, because complications can have very serious consequences.

Restoration of the mucosa during treatment with antibiotics

Of course, antibiotics help restore the membrane, but they also have side effects. To neutralize them, certain actions are performed.

The doctor prescribes medications that act similarly to “beneficial” prostaglandins.
Drugs are used to speed up the healing process. They are especially needed when an ulcer is detected.

The acidity value is determined and adjusted.

For increased acidity, antisecretory drugs are used. If it is low, replacement therapy is used.

To monitor the effectiveness of the measures taken, a control fibrogastroduodenoscopy is performed. This makes it possible to see the mucous membrane after inserting the endoscope into the patient’s stomach.

In addition, laboratory tests are carried out to rule out Helicobacter infection. If a Helicobacter pylori infection is detected, the classic treatment regimen should be applied.

When treating the stomach, traditional medicine is often used. People use folk remedies only if they know exactly what diagnosis was made by the doctor. The method of treatment also depends on this.

What if you have chronic gastritis? Basically, this is inflammation of the stomach, which has passed into the chronic phase. This is the most common disease on earth affecting the digestive tract and its organs.

When the disease occurs, inflammation of the mucous membrane occurs, regeneration is disrupted, and the glandular epithelium atrophies. The form of the disease gradually becomes chronic.

Symptoms of gastritis include:

heartburn;
nausea;
weakness;
bloating;
frequent constipation;
diarrhea;
pain when eating;
headache;
dizziness;
heat
sweating;
tachycardia.

Treatment methods, auxiliary diets

The most important thing when treating the stomach with traditional medicine and folk remedies is a certain diet. Special diets are prescribed and the appropriate set of products is selected.

When gastritis begins, it is very important to monitor the condition of the body and prevent the transition of the acute form of the disease to chronic gastritis. In this regard, special food is selected that will not irritate the mucous membrane. Food should be taken in small portions, but very often throughout the day. This blocks the aggressive effect of gastric juice on the walls of the stomach.

Food that has been left in the refrigerator for a long time should be excluded from the diet. It is forbidden to eat fast food. Only food that has been prepared several hours before eating, and only from natural, fresh products, can be considered safe. It will not cause poisoning, and no negative effects will follow from it.

They fight gastritis using proven folk remedies:

flax seeds;
potato juice;
yarrow;
St. John's wort;
celandine;
chamomile;
cabbage juice;
parsley;
plantain.

In any case, the most important treatment for complete restoration of the mucous membrane remains good rest, walking and eating small portions.

How to treat inflammation in the stomach?

1 What is inflammation of the mucous membrane in the stomach?
2 Types of disease
3 Causes of inflammation
4 Symptoms and signs
5 Diagnostics
6 Treatment
- 6.1 Medicines
7 Diet and proper nutrition

In the rhythm of modern life, it is impossible to meet an absolutely healthy person. Such harmless diseases as inflammation of the stomach and intestines can develop in every second person. But in no case should they be left without proper attention, since over time, inflammation can develop into more serious diseases - duodenal ulcers, malignant tumors, cancer.

What is inflammation of the mucous membrane in the stomach?

When a person is healthy, the glands on the inner lining of the stomach secrete digestive enzymes and acid in normal quantities necessary for processing and assimilation of food. Also, the gastric glands secrete mucus, which is a kind of protection against concentrated gastric juice. If the inflammatory process of the stomach or duodenum begins, then beneficial enzymes, acid and mucus begin to be released in insufficient quantities for the normal functioning of the stomach. This inflammation of the gastric mucosa can occur in a person at any age. In children, inflammation manifests itself with the same symptoms as in adults. It is only supplemented by an increase in body temperature and general weakness. Inflammation develops gradually and ultimately leads to disruption of the entire digestion and disruption of the functioning of the human body.

Return to contents

Types of disease

Two types of inflammation can develop in the stomach - acute and chronic gastritis. Acute is characterized by severe, spontaneous pain in the stomach. Chronic can last a long time and not manifest itself in any way. A manifestation of chronic is considered erosive, which also often does not manifest itself in any way, but if left untreated, it is quite capable of destroying the mucous membrane, causing inflammation of the stomach, causing bleeding, the appearance of ulcers and erosion of the stomach, and even developing into a more serious disease such as cancer.

Return to contents

Causes of inflammation

All stomach problems are mainly associated with poor diet, but there are other provoking factors. The causes include:

excessive use of alcohol and drugs;
use of medications (painkillers, heart medications, anti-inflammatory drugs) that cause irritation of the gastric mucosa;
eating spoiled or contaminated foods and mushrooms;
infection with the bacterium Helicobacter pylori, which can be transmitted from a sick person to a healthy person, also through contaminated food and water; the presence of infection can only be determined by passing the necessary blood test;
pathological changes associated with surgery on the stomach or other digestive organs;
stomach injury due to a burn to the mucous membrane;
presence of another chronic disease.

Return to contents

Symptoms and signs

Most people who have inflammation of the gastric mucosa suffer because the disease develops imperceptibly and extensively affects the internal organs, leading to their pathological changes. But there are still people who experience some discomfort or aching pain in the upper abdomen; causeless nausea or even vomiting. Such symptoms cause disruption of the normal functioning of the stomach and are called dyspepsia.

A disease with high acidity usually occurs with severe heartburn, which manifests itself immediately after eating fatty or fried foods; with low acidity - increased gas formation, heaviness in the stomach, constipation or diarrhea appear.

The chronic form has many signs, but, basically, they are unimportant for a person. You can pay attention to the following symptoms: impaired gastric motility, irregular bowel movements, increased sweating, the presence of a yellow coating on the tongue, spontaneously occurring diarrhea. Erosive is sluggish and mostly asymptomatic, but up to a certain point. As a result of its development, erosions and ulcers form in the stomach, which can lead to bleeding. It will be accompanied by vomiting with blood and loose stools with blood.

Return to contents

Diagnostics

pH-metry to determine the level of stomach acidity.

Only a gastroenterologist can diagnose inflammatory processes in the stomach, based on the results of tests and medical examinations to confirm the diagnosis. So, when a person feels from the symptoms that the stomach is inflamed, then for diagnosis it is necessary to carry out the following examinations:

determine the acidity of gastric juice;
examine stool to detect blood impurities;
swallowing a probe for a thorough examination of the stomach;
conduct a gastroscopy to detect Helicobacter pylori infection.

Return to contents

Treatment

Therapy is always prescribed by a doctor; self-medication should not be done so as not to aggravate the condition of the stomach when it is inflamed. Treatment of the inflammatory process of the gastrointestinal tract depends on the type of gastritis (acute or chronic) and its severity. Treatment differs for adults and children. But, in general, it implies the following most important points:

following a strict diet;
treatment with various medications;
the use of traditional medicine to eliminate symptoms of the disease and relieve inflammation of the mucous membrane.

Return to contents

Medications

Medicines are prescribed that normalize the acidity of gastric juice; capable of restoring the affected mucous membrane (walls) and dystrophic changes in the epithelium. If a bacterium called Helicobacter pylori is present, a special course of therapy is prescribed, including “cleansing”. It consists in eliminating the source of the disease, that is, bacteria, and then the already formed ulcers and erosions. Then comes therapy with two antibacterial drugs, to which the bacteria are highly sensitive. If the patient’s condition has sharply worsened (general weakness, fever, dehydration), it is necessary to call an ambulance and admit the person to the hospital for rehabilitation measures.

Return to contents

Return to contents

Diet and proper nutrition

Proper nutrition and diet are the key to a speedy recovery, whether for adults or children. It is necessary to adhere to a diet, eat often and in small portions. Avoid the following foods: spicy, salty, smoked, fried, fatty, sour, flour. If you suffer from a disease with high acidity, then it is forbidden to drink coffee and strong black tea, or eat fatty meat and fish broths. With low acidity, broths should be on the menu daily. Be sure to have food rich in fiber; fermented milk products (ryazhenka, yogurt, kefir); vegetable fats and protein foods. Another important condition is chewing food slowly and thoroughly.

All of the above dietary conditions will facilitate the digestion and absorption of food and reduce the risk of developing gastric pathologies. A favorable treatment outcome directly depends on the patient’s actions. If a person follows all medical recommendations - takes prescribed medications for several months, follows a strict diet, eats properly and regularly, does not abuse alcohol, leads a healthy lifestyle - then the disease will recede and will not cause inconvenience.

Pancreas inflammation symptoms and treatment

Pancreatitis is a disease of the pancreas. In this review, we will look at the main symptoms, functions, treatment for inflammation, medications and folk remedies.

Severe pain in the left hypochondrium signals the development of an abnormal process in the pancreas. The nature of the pain depends on the location of the inflammation. Treatment is prescribed by a doctor only after an accurate determination of the cause of the anomaly.

Main functions of the pancreas

Having an alveolar-tubular structure, the organ is divided into lobules consisting of glandular tissue. The shade of the lobules varies from pinkish to gray. Each lobule has its own system of small excretory ducts. They are united in a single excretory duct, which runs along the size of the organ and opens into the duodenum.

Between the lobules of the organ are the islets of Langerhans, which ensure the production of glucagon and insulin into the blood. Being a mixed type gland, this organ has exocrine and endocrine functions.

The first function is actively involved in the digestive process. It accompanies the production of juice and its excretion into the duodenum. Thanks to the juice, the organic components of food are digested. The second function of the pancreas secretes insulin, glucagon, and hormones that participate in the regulation of carbohydrate metabolism.

Common gland diseases

The list of abnormalities affecting the pancreas is long. Many are diagnosed with acute pancreatitis. If treatment of the pancreas is not timely, the disease becomes chronic.

Symptoms of acute pancreatitis

The main reason for the development of acute pancreatitis is a violation of the outflow of pancreatic juice and a change in its chemical composition. Provoking factors are progressive liver abnormalities and organ injuries.

People who have problems with alcohol often turn to the doctor with the question of how to treat the pancreas.

Common symptoms include:

the appearance of shingles pain syndrome;
nausea, vomiting;
feverish condition;
temperature increase to 39 degrees;
diarrhea;
decreased blood pressure;
vague dizziness.

Having received an answer to the question of how to treat the pancreas, the symptoms of which are quite painful, you can protect yourself from serious consequences. It is very important to strictly follow your doctor's advice.

How does chronic pancreatitis manifest?

When gallstone disease progresses, chronic pancreatitis develops. There are other reasons for the transformation of an acute form of the disease into a chronic one. The question of how to treat the pancreas is asked by people with a compromised immune system who abuse fatty foods.

The main symptom of the chronic form is pain in the epigastric region. The pain syndrome, characterized by a painful, aching character, occurs at night and 2-3 hours after eating. Often painful sensations radiate to the left shoulder blade. Pain is not always present. During a relapse, it is combined with vomiting and constipation.

In the absence of correct treatment of the pancreas, the chronic form is complicated by the progression of jaundice or diabetes mellitus.

Basic diagnostic methods

When a person has pain in the pancreas, treatment is prescribed only after diagnosis. Having clarified the diagnosis, the doctor will be able to accurately answer the question of how to treat the pancreas.

Diagnosis of pancreatitis is carried out by:

Biochemical and clinical blood analysis.
X-rays.
Gastroscopy.
Ultrasound examination of the abdominal organs.

When pancreatitis worsens, a person should seek advice from a gastroenterologist. Often a cardiologist or hepatologist can answer the question of how to treat the pancreas. It is recommended to discuss nutrition with a nutritionist.

Features of pancreatic treatment

How to cure pancreas? The acute form of the disease can only be treated in a hospital. If there are complications, the person is placed in intensive care. The question of how to treat the pancreas in the chronic form can be answered depending on the activity of the symptoms. The main goal of treatment is to get rid of pain and restore the functioning of the organ.

Painful sensations are relieved with medications. You should take the drug according to your doctor's recommendations. Often a specialist prescribes the use of:

Pantoprazole.
Omeprazole.
Panzinorma.
Creona.

When the chronic form of the disease worsens, answering the question of how to cure the pancreas, the doctor prescribes antimicrobial therapy. The patient is prescribed the use of Claforan, Kefzol, Ampicillin.

Inflammation of the gastric mucosa is medically called gastritis. There are quite a lot of types of diseases. And in addition to the treatment provided, they also differ in symptoms.

The following symptoms are typical for stomach damage:

pain localized in the abdomen (upper part);
decreased or complete lack of desire to eat;
attacks of nausea accompanied by vomiting;
the formation of a dense white coating on the tongue;
increased salivation.

The diagnosis of gastritis can only be established after a complete diagnostic examination.

Symptoms of acute gastritis

The signs of existing inflammation are quite varied and depend on the form of the pathology. But the common ones are:

pain in the stomach;
attacks of nausea;
vomiting that does not bring relief;
problems with appetite (sometimes its complete absence);
gastrointestinal motility disorders (constipation/diarrhea);
severe heartburn;
rumbling in the stomach;
poor saliva production (dry mouth);
attacks of tachycardia;
increased body temperature;
increased sweating;
headaches resembling a migraine attack.

There are several types of acute gastric damage:

catarrhal;
erosive;
phlegmonous;
fibrinous;

Symptoms of catarrhal gastritis

Among numerous inflammations, catarrhal gastritis is the most common type, occurring without any significant changes in the gastric mucosa. But lack of treatment can cause it to develop into a more complex form.

Most often, only a few hours pass from the moment the aggressive agent begins to influence the gastric mucosa until characteristic symptoms appear. And the typical signs of acute catarrhal gastritis are:

belching tastes bitter;
severe heartburn;
increased saliva production;
breath with a heavy sour odor;
vomiting (mass includes particles of undigested food, bile and mucus);
nausea;
bloating;
feeling of fullness in the stomach;
severe stool upset (diarrhea);
pain of varying nature and intensity in the stomach area;
lack of appetite;
general weakness.

Symptoms of erosive gastritis

This subtype of pathology is characterized by the formation of deep ulcerations on the surface of the inflamed gastric mucosa. In total, there are four types of erosive forms of inflammation:

acute;
chronic format;
antral inflammation;
gastritis reflux.

Acute inflammation of the stomach, which occurs as an erosive type, is diagnosed very rarely and is one of the most severe types of gastritis. The cause of the development of an acute form of the disease in this case is the ingestion of poisons, chemicals and other aggressive agents.

The disease typically has an abrupt onset and the following symptoms:

strong;
almost constant severe heartburn;
increased pain after eating and when the stomach is empty;
attacks of nausea ending in vomiting;
the vomit contains mucus, blood clots, and gastric juice;
diarrhea is observed (the stool also contains blood).

Symptoms of chronic inflammation

Inflammation of the stomach in this case is called erosive-hemorrhagic gastritis. The pathology is characterized by the formation of multiple small ulcerations on the surface of the mucosa. They develop over a long period of time, sometimes years.

At first, the disease has no symptoms at all. And only with exacerbation do symptoms characteristic of the pathology appear:

a feeling of heaviness in the stomach (its upper part), especially after eating;
periodic attacks of nausea;
loss of appetite;
bloating;
weakness.

For the chronic form of erosive gastritis, exacerbation of symptoms in the autumn and spring months is typical.

Signs of erosive reflux gastritis

The following manifestations are typical for reflux gastritis:

prolonged attacks of heartburn that form after drinking alcohol, as well as sweets, spicy and salty foods;
sour taste of saliva;
cough that appears after eating;
impaired intestinal motility (constipation/diarrhea);
weakness;
drowsiness;
increased appetite (especially at night);
formation of stomatitis (rare).

Symptoms of phlegmonous gastritis

Inflammation is diagnosed very rarely and is detected during surgery. A related complication is the formation of perigastritis and peritonitis.

Inflammation is accompanied by the following symptoms:

a sharp increase in body temperature with feverish conditions;
severe adynamia;
pain localized in the upper abdomen;
severe nausea, ending with vomiting that does not bring relief;
bloating;
dry mouth;
When palpating the epigastric region, a feeling of pain appears.

Treatment of the pathology is carried out inpatiently (surgical department) and involves the administration of large doses of antibiotics intravenously. In the absence of a positive reaction, surgical treatment is recommended.

Symptoms of fibrinous gastritis

For this type of inflammation, the release of a special protein, fibrin, is typical at the site of mucosal damage. The inflamed area is covered with a cloudy film, under which numerous erosions form. Later they become the causes of the development of an abscess.

Symptoms of fibrinous gastritis are as follows:

dull pain in the epigastric region, most often occurring after eating;
nausea ending with vomiting (the masses may contain particles of blood and fibrinous films);
belching;
unpleasant taste in the mouth;
increased secretion of saliva;
increased body temperature, headaches, weakness (sometimes).

This type of inflammation of the gastric mucosa is a rare form. Most often it is a concomitant disease of such severe infections as sepsis, typhoid fever, smallpox and scarlet fever.

Treatment of fibrinous gastritis is carried out inpatiently. And, above all, therapy is aimed at eliminating the primary disease.

Symptoms of necrotizing gastritis

Inflammation of the stomach is caused by toxic substances entering its cavity, for example, acids or salts of heavy metals. That is why chemical production workers are at risk.

The surface of the mucous membrane is affected very deeply and is accompanied by necrosis of the damaged areas. Signs of gastritis development appear almost immediately.

The following symptoms are typical for the pathology:

pain in the mouth and esophagus;
problems with swallowing;
secretion of viscous saliva;
attacks of nausea ending with vomiting (stomach contents contain blood and mucus);
strong thirst;
weakness;
paleness of the face.

Treatment of the disease comes down to gastric lavage and detoxification of the ingested substance.

If the cause of the development of necrotic gastritis is acid, then you need to drink milk. If poisoning occurs due to alkalis, then it is necessary to take diluted citric or acetic acid.

The main treatment is carried out inpatiently.

Symptoms of chronic inflammation of the stomach

In the chronic course of the pathology, the mucous membrane has deeper damage. Inflammation in this case is accompanied by the following manifestations:

frequent lack of appetite;
heavy odor of breath;
frequent belching;
heaviness in the stomach after any meal;
after eating, pain may occur (most often of a pulling nature);
gastrointestinal motility disorders (constipation/diarrhea);
rumbling in the stomach;
increased gas formation;
brittleness of hair and nails;
decrease in hemoglobin;
vomit.

Treatment of gastritis

Treatment of any type of mucosal inflammation requires adherence to a strict diet. In this case, it is necessary to completely exclude spicy, fried, fatty and smoked foods, as well as alcohol and coffee.

For acute gastritis, strict adherence to the diet is recommended. In this case, the stomach is restored without the use of medications. With the development of erosive gastritis, treatment will also be medicinal, since it will be necessary to restore the damaged areas.

Treatment of chronic gastritis requires long-term medication and, of course, constant diet.