Paracetamol tablets for children with high fever. Can paracetamol tablets be given to children? Dose at different dosages of the active substance

When a child has a fever, the first medicine that parents use to stabilize the condition is paracetamol, and this is no accident.

The World Health Organization has included this drug in the list of the most effective, safe and cost-effective medicines.

Let us examine in more detail the instructions for the use of Paracetamol tablets for children (200 and 500 mg): recommended dosages at a temperature, is it possible to give medicine to a child at all and how much, what to do if the norm is exceeded?

Description and action

Paracetamol is not new to the pharmaceutical industry.. It has been used for healing since 1893. It is one of the safest non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

The drug has almost no effect on cyclooxygenase, or COX, which is produced in peripheral organs and tissues. That's why it has fewer side effects than other NSAIDs.

The drug does not irritate the gastric mucosa, does not lead to disruption of water-mineral metabolism.

At the same time, the drug affects the COX produced by the brain, which is responsible for its antipyretic and analgesic properties. The ability to influence inflammatory processes in the drug is almost absent.

Paracetamol is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract therefore, tablet dosage forms along with rectal suppositories are most preferred.

The drug acts quickly, and within 30 minutes after taking its highest concentration is observed inside. The action lasts up to 4 hours.

The lack of effect when using Paracetamol is a reason for immediately seeking medical help.

Release form and composition

The drug is available in tablets of 0.2 g and 0.5 g(200 and 500 mg). This form is recommended for children over 6 years of age due to possible overdose.

Use from 2 years is allowed, although other forms at this age are preferable.

According to its physical properties, it is a pure white or creamy, pinkish crystalline powder, which is soluble in alcohol and insoluble in water.

Indications

The drug is used if:

• the temperature has risen to 38 ° C and above (age up to 5 years), up to 38.5 ° C (age after 5 years) and lasts at least 4 hours;
• complaints of toothache, headache, muscle pain.

Paracetamol is effective precisely for viral infections ().

They also use the remedy for measles, flu, teething, after injuries and burns.

It doesn't help with bacterial infections, complications of acute respiratory viral infections, the effect is short-lived or absent.

Contraindications

The list of contraindications is small compared to other drugs. This includes:

• individual intolerance;
• age up to 2 years;
• diseases of the digestive tract with the formation of ulcers and erosions, gastric bleeding, inflammation, active bleeding;
• progressive pathologies of the kidneys, liver, severe forms of insufficiency of these organs;
• intolerance to acetylsalicylic acid or other NSAIDs;
• hyperkalemia (high levels of potassium in the blood).

How much and how to give

Maximum course of treatment is:

• up to 6 years - 3 days;
• after 6 years - 5 days.

What dose of Paracetamol tablets is needed for children, how to take the medicine correctly?

When prescribing a dose, they are guided not by the age, but by the weight of the baby. 10-15 mg of the active substance is prescribed per 1 kg.

A single dose of Paracetamol tablets for children weighing 10 kg is 100-150 mg (0.1-0.15 g), or 1/2-3/4 tablets with a dosage of 200 mg (0.2 g).

Re-admission should be no earlier than 4-5 hours later. 4-5 receptions are allowed during the day.

Safe daily dose - up to 60 mg/kg body. This means that a child weighing 10 kg per day should not be given more than 3 tablets of 200 mg.

For teenagers over 12 who weigh more than 40 kg, the maximum single dose - 1 g (5 tablets of 0.2 g), daily - 4 g (20 tablets of 0.2 g).

Method of application, special instructions

The remedy is given inside. After eating, 1-2 hours must pass, otherwise absorption slows down. Drink plenty of clean water. If the child is small, then the tablet is crushed into powder.

Paracetamol is an ambulance that does not cure, but only eliminates the manifestations of the disease. If the cause of the disease is not eliminated, then the temperature and pain will return.

Reception features

The question of what dose of paracetamol to give a child in tablets should be decided after consulting a doctor. In the treatment, the following features of the reception are taken into account:

• if there is liver disease, reduce the dose;
• while using other drugs, you need to make sure that they do not contain paracetamol;
• do not give the child alcohol-containing products, since alcohol enhances the absorption of the drug.

Overdose

Taking the drug in a single dose of more than 150 mg / kg of body weight of the child causes severe, in some cases fatal liver damage.

Stages of poisoning:

The development of liver failure is indicated:

• neuropsychiatric disorders (sleep, dizziness, speech impairment, hallucinations);
• pain in the right side under the ribs;
• swelling, an increase in the abdomen;
• jaundice;
• bleeding;
• heart rhythm disturbances;
• insufficiency of functions of other organs.

Death from an overdose occurs in 3-5 days.

In case of overdose, gastric lavage, give the patient, call an ambulance. Paracetamol's antidote is acetylcysteine.

Hospitalization for liver failure treatment is symptomatic. In severe cases, a liver transplant may be required.

Children tolerate poisoning more easily than adults, especially those under 6 years of age. due to metabolic characteristics. In mild cases, treatment is carried out at home.

How can an overdose occur?

The safe dosage of the drug is 0.2 mg. So, in order for a child weighing 10 kg to become poisoned, he needs to take 1.5 g of the drug per day, which is 7.5 tablets.

Overdose occurs for several reasons.:

• parents in a hurry did not pay attention to the content of the active substance;
• at the same time gave other drugs with paracetamol;
• increased the frequency of admission;
• the baby accidentally took the medicine on his own, because it was in an accessible place.

Side effects

Although paracetamol is generally well tolerated, it causes side effects:

In recent years scientists talk about harm and toxicity.

Studies have shown that children who are often prescribed Paracetamol at the age of 1–3 years develop allergic diseases by the age of 6–7 years - eczema, allergies.

Safety is maintained with infrequent use.

There is also evidence that with long-term use of Paracetamol more than 1 tablet per day If the total amount of medication taken is 1000 or more tablets in a lifetime, the risk of developing severe forms of analgesic nephropathy (kidney disease), which leads to end-stage renal disease (complete loss of kidney function), is doubled.

drug interaction

Paracetamol interacts with other drugs which may affect the safety of therapy.

The following effects may be observed:

• an increase in the harmful effects on the liver, a decrease in the antipyretic effect of Paracetamol in combination with barbiturates, antiepileptic drugs, rifampicin;
• enhancing the action of coumarin derivatives, salicylic acid, caffeine, codeine;
• increase in the level of methemoglobin - with simultaneous use with phenobarbital.

Do not combine paracetamol tablets with by other means, in which there is this active substance (Parafeks, Paravit, Cold Flu, Coldrex and others).

average price

The average price of Paracetamol 0.2 g, 10 tablets - 6 rubles.

Terms and conditions of storage

The expiration date is indicated on the packaging(usually 36 months). Store the drug at t ° not higher than 25 ° C, choosing for this a place inaccessible to children.

A prescription is not needed to purchase the drug.

Among the popular means of combating fever and pain in children are tablets, where paracetamol acts as the active substance. It is considered the most effective and safe for the child's body.

Paracetamol-based drugs have three main properties: they relieve fever, inflammation and pain.

Advantages of the drug:

It should be borne in mind that paracetamol eliminates only the symptoms of the disease, but is not intended for its treatment. The underlying cause of pain or fever should be identified and children treated with other drugs.

Dosage of the drug

Paracetamol is available in three main forms: suppositories, tablets and syrups. You can buy a drug at a pharmacy where this active ingredient is in its pure form - Panadol for example. Panadol tablets, in addition to the active substance, have sodium bicarbonate, which creates an alkaline environment in the body. Thanks to this, Panadol acts faster.

They are administered rectally - into the anus of the child. Wash your hands before the procedure. Put the child, turn on its side, bend the legs and press them to the tummy. Slowly and carefully insert the suppository. The active substance is absorbed by the intestinal walls and has a rapid effect at high temperatures. For children under three months, the dosage is selected only by a doctor..

In the pharmacy you can find the following dosage of the drug:

• from 3 months to a year, candles of 0.08 grams are prescribed;
• from 1 year to 3 years - 0.17 grams;
• from 3 years to 6 - 0.33 grams;
• starting from 6 years and older, appoint two suppositories of 0.33 grams.

Do not use more than 4 suppositories per day.

Tablets

They are allowed for children from the age of two. The child is given medicine, previously crushed and diluted in water. Children's paracetamol tablets are available in a dosage of 200 mg:

• from 2 years to 6 appoint 1/2 tablet at a time;
• from 7 to 12 years one full tablet is allowed;
• children over 12 years old are allowed to give two tablets at a time.

In some cases, this form can also be taken by children under one year old. Especially when it comes to a very high temperature with the appearance of seizures. In such cases, the use of the drug in the following dosage is allowed:

• from birth to 3 months, the dosage is 10 mg per kilogram;
• from 3 months to a year, the maximum daily dose is 120 mg;
• from one year to 2 years, the maximum daily dose is 150 mg.

Syrup

This dosage form has a liquid consistency and a pleasant taste, so children can easily swallow it. The syrup can be given from two months. Sometimes doctors, given the condition of the child at the time of illness, may prescribe syrup in the first weeks of life.

The kit includes a convenient syringe dispenser or measuring spoon, with which the exact amount of suspension is measured. The drug should not be diluted with water, it is better to give the child a drink after taking it.

According to the divisions on the syringe, the exact dosage is dialed:

• from birth to 6 months, the dosage is calculated by the attending physician;
• from 6 months to one year, the maximum dosage is 5 mg, the minimum is 2.5 mg;
• up to 3 years, the dosage is 5 - 7.5 mg;
• from 3 to 6 years - the maximum dosage is 10 mg;
• from 7 to 12 years - about 15 mg.

The medicine begins to act within 30 minutes after ingestion. At high temperatures, the syrup is given no more than three days. As an analgesic, taking the drug is allowed for up to five days.

An analogue of the drug Paracetamol is Panadol. It is approved for children over the age of 3 months. Panadol Baby can be used to relieve fever, inflammation and pain. It can also be used after vaccinations.

Application features

Before giving medicine to a child, you should consult a pediatrician. He will prescribe the correct dosage and tell you about the rules of admission.

• The dosage of the drug depends on the age and weight of the child.
• Paracetamol tablets should be given to relieve fever at intervals of 6 hours. No more than four times a day.
• In children under the age of one year, the temperature should be reduced if it has risen above 38 degrees.
• Paracetamol should not be given to infants for more than three days. Their internal organs are not yet fully formed, so an extra load on the liver is created.
• Such an antipyretic should not be given for prophylaxis.
• A small child must first dissolve the tablet in water.
• You should not use a tablet intended for adults - it is impossible to accurately determine the dosage.
• Nurofen is more irritating to the stomach than Panadol. Therefore, it is better to stop at the last drug.

Tips for Taking Medications Containing Paracetamol

• There are various forms of release of this active ingredient. It can be in suppositories, syrups or in the form of a suspension. They are best suited for children under one year old.
• To reduce the harmful effects on the liver, the medicine should be given after meals.
• Dangerous for the child's body is a dosage of 150 mg per kilogram of weight.
• An overdose can be recognized by the following symptoms: the skin becomes pale, nausea and vomiting appear. In this case, you need to urgently consult a doctor.

Sometimes, when the temperature is high and hard to drop, children are prescribed two drugs at the same time: Nurofen and Paracetamol. Give these drugs, maintaining the interval. Nurofen acts quickly and the effect is longer.

You can combine Nurofen with paracetamol at the same time. In this case, half the dose is taken from each drug.

Contraindications

• An overdose of the drug and frequent use, which adversely affects the functioning of the liver, are not allowed. There is nausea, vomiting.
• Individual intolerance to the components of the drug. Allergic reactions may occur.
• For children under two years of age, paracetamol should be given with caution - the drug can cause asthma.
• Do not give two drugs based on paracetamol at the same time. This will lead to poisoning of the body. Can be given with other antipyretics, such as Nurofen.
• An overdose may occur if the interval between doses of the drug is not observed. It is better to combine medical treatment with folk remedies.
• The drug is contraindicated in diseases such as anemia, hyperbilirubinemia, with disorders in the functioning of the kidneys and liver.

If at least one symptom appears, then this medicine should be replaced with another one. Nurofen rarely causes allergies and causes less harm to internal organs. Just like paracetamol, Nurofen is available in the form of suppositories, tablets and syrup.

There are many medicines in pharmacies that contain paracetamol. Panadol is available in tablets, suppositories and syrups. For the little ones, Panadol Baby is specially produced.

Do not forget that all medicines must be kept away from children. It is better to store medicines for adults separately from children's, so that during the period of illness of the child not to confuse the medicines due to increased excitement.

Talk to your doctor before giving paracetamol to a child. It is he who will tell you which dosage form is better to choose, whether it is worth combining it with other antipyretics. Calculates the exact, permitted dosage. Only following the rules and recommendations can reduce side effects and overdose.

Among the most popular and frequently used drugs to stabilize the condition in children is paracetamol. It is listed by the WHO as a safe, effective and at the same time inexpensive drug. How to take paracetamol tablets for children, taking into account the dosage.

Features of the drug

The drug was first used in medical practice in 1886 under the name Acetanilide. Paracetamol is a non-narcotic analgesic with weak anti-inflammatory properties. It has an analgesic and antipyretic effect. The tool should be in every home first aid kit, in a family with children.

Important: The effectiveness of the drug has been clinically tested, the mechanism of action and the degree of its safety have been studied.

The pharmacy chain sells a remedy for children in several dosage forms. These are suppositories, sweet syrup, in the form of a suspension, as well as paracetamol tablets. The drug is rapidly absorbed, the effect is expected from 30 minutes to one hour after ingestion, the effect on the body lasts up to 4 hours. The produced preparation contains 200, 325 and 500 mg of paracetamol substance. For children, 200 mg tablets are more acceptable.

Indications for use

The drug is indicated for symptomatic treatment. To eliminate the pain syndrome of various origins. In diseases accompanied by fever.

Paracetamol tablets are used in the following cases:

• with headache and toothache;
• decrease in temperature with influenza or SARS;
• the risk of developing a convulsive syndrome;
• infectious diseases - chickenpox, rubella, measles and others;
• teething;
• injuries, burns.

Taking the drug does not allow the parallel use of other drugs containing paracetamol. When the temperature of the child does not decrease from taking the pill, other medicines or non-drug remedies should be used. Do not give the drug again immediately. In any case, self-medication is unacceptable, you need to seek medical help.

Parents should understand that the drug is not used for treatment. Paracetamol for children only eliminates the symptoms. It is necessary to find out the cause of the disease and treat the child in accordance with the doctor's prescriptions.

Rules for taking and dosage

The drug is a white, slightly tinted powder. It dissolves in alcohol but not in water. How to take paracetamol tablets for the treatment of children? The medicine is used when the thermometer is more than 38 ° C. Each age group has its own conditions for taking and calculating the dosage.

For a small child, 10-15 mg of the active substance per kilogram of weight is enough. Babies up to a year are given syrup or suspension. Candles can be used for babies after three months, the dosage is determined by the doctor in each case.

The tablet form is contraindicated in children under 3 years of age, under 6 years of age is not recommended. For the age group from 3 to 6 years, one tablet (200 mg) can be taken at a time. Babies with low weight can be given half a tablet. Children after six years can drink 1.5-2 pills. From 6 to 12 years old, one tablet is prescribed, the dosage of paracetamol is 350 mg. Children over 12 years old are given 500 mg of paracetamol. The multiplicity of reception - no more than four times a day, with an interval of 4 hours.

How to take the drug if the child cannot swallow the pill? For babies, it can be crushed by adding a small amount of water. Take the drug 2 hours after eating. The drug is prescribed for no more than 3 days, for babies under 6 years old, for older children, treatment can be extended up to 5 days.

Contraindications

When giving paracetamol to children, the dosage of the drug in tablets must be correctly calculated. It is necessary to observe proportions so as not to harm the baby's body weakened by the disease. Despite the fact that the tool is quite safe, it is still a chemical substance, it has a number of contraindications:

• do not give paracetamol to a child with individual intolerance;
• babies up to two years old;
• with erosive diseases of the gastrointestinal tract;
• with an increased content of potassium in the blood;
• allergy to acetylsalicylic acid;
• the medicine is contraindicated for a child with pathology of the liver or kidneys.

Important: Do not overdose the medicine. If the temperature does not decrease, the pill can be given again only after 4-5 hours.

You can alternately give two drugs, for example, Nurofen with paracetamol, strictly observing the intervals. Both drugs are given at the same time, using half the dose of each.

Side effects

If the dose of paracetamol is too high, drug poisoning may occur. A dose of 1.5 g of the active substance for every 10 kg of body weight can lead to poisoning, that is, 7.5 tablets should be taken. Long-term use leads to destruction of the liver, disruption of the kidneys. In this case, the following symptoms may occur:

• bloating, pain, nausea, vomiting;
• decrease in hemoglobin level;
• renal colic;
• lethargy of the child or increased excitability;
• allergic reactions and the development of bronchial asthma.

When purchasing a drug, you should check the expiration date. At home, the medicine should be stored in a place where the child cannot get it, while maintaining the recommended temperature. In order to prevent undesirable consequences, and at the same time alleviate the condition of the child, all the doctor's recommendations should be strictly followed.

Video

active substance: paracetamol;

1 tablet contains paracetamol 200 mg or 500 mg

Excipients: corn starch, potato starch, gelatin, croscarmellose sodium, stearic acid.

Dosage form

Tablets.

Tablets of white or almost white color, ploskotsilindrichesky, with risk and a facet.

Name and location of the manufacturer

PJSC "Lugansk chemical-pharmaceutical plant".

91019, Ukraine, Lugansk, st. Kirov, 17.

Pharmacological group

Analgesics and antipyretics. Paracetamol. ATC code N02B E01.

Pain reliever, antipyretic. The mechanism of action is due to the inhibition of the synthesis of prostaglandins due to the inhibition of COX and other mediators of pain and inflammation, mainly in the central nervous system, as well as a decrease in the excitability of the hypothalamic thermoregulation center.

After oral administration, it is rapidly and almost completely absorbed from the digestive tract, mainly from the upper intestine. The maximum plasma concentration is reached 30-60 minutes after ingestion. Plasma protein binding is variable. It is metabolized in the liver to form glucuronide and paracetamol sulfate. Penetrates through the blood-brain barrier, excreted in breast milk. The half-life is 1-4 hours. It is excreted by the kidneys, mainly in the form of metabolites, less than 5% is excreted unchanged. In elderly patients, the clearance of paracetamol is reduced, the half-life is increased.

Indications

Major pain, including migraine and tension headache, back pain, rheumatic pain, muscle pain, period pain in women, neuralgia, toothache; relief of cold and flu symptoms such as fever, aches, and pain.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, severe violations of the liver and / or kidneys, congenital hyperbilirubinemia, deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, alcoholism, blood diseases, severe anemia, leukopenia.

Appropriate safety precautions for use

It is necessary to consult a doctor regarding the possibility of using the drug in patients with impaired renal and hepatic function.

Consider that in patients with alcoholic liver damage, the risk of hepatotoxic effects of paracetamol increases; the drug may affect the results of laboratory tests on the content of glucose and uric acid in the blood.

Exceed the indicated doses.

Do not take the drug with other products containing paracetamol.

If the symptoms do not disappear, you should consult a doctor.

Use during pregnancy and lactation

Pregnancy. The appointment of the drug during these periods is possible only if the expected benefit to the mother outweighs the potential risk to the fetus or child.

Breastfeeding period. Paracetamol passes into breast milk, but in clinically insignificant amounts. Available published data do not contain contraindications for breastfeeding.

The ability to influence the reaction rate when driving vehicles or operating other mechanisms

Does not affect.

Dosage and administration

The drug is intended for oral administration.

Adults and children over 12 years old 500-1000 mg every 4-6 hours if necessary, with an interval between doses of at least 4:00. Do not exceed 4000 mg in 24 hours.

Children (6-12 years): 200-500 mg every 4-6 hours if necessary, with an interval between doses of at least 4:00. Do not exceed 2000 mg in 24 hours. The duration of treatment is determined by the doctor individually.

Overdose

Liver damage is possible in adults who have used 10 g or more of paracetamol, and in children who have taken more than 150 mg/kg of body weight. In patients with risk factors (long-term treatment with carbamazepine, phenobarbital, phenytoin, primidone, rifampicin, St. , the use of 5 g or more of paracetamol can lead to liver damage.

Overdose symptoms in the first 24 hours: pallor, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, and abdominal pain. Liver damage may occur 12-48 hours after an overdose. Glucose metabolism disorders and metabolic acidosis may occur. In severe poisoning, Pechinkov's insufficiency can progress to encephalopathy, hemorrhage, hypoglycemia, coma and death. Acute renal failure with acute tubular necrosis may present with severe lumbar pain, hematuria, proteinuria, and develop even in the absence of severe liver injury. Cardiac arrhythmia and pancreatitis were also noted.

With prolonged use of the drug in high doses, aplastic anemia, pancytopenia, agranulocytosis, neutropenia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia may develop from the hematopoietic organs. When taking large doses from the nervous system - dizziness, psychomotor agitation and disorientation; from the urinary system - nephrotoxicity (renal colic, interstitial nephritis, capillary necrosis).

In case of an overdose, emergency medical attention is required. The patient should be transported to Lee Carney immediately, even if there are no early symptoms of overdose. Symptoms may be limited to nausea and vomiting, or may not reflect the severity of the overdose or the risk of organ damage. Treatment with activated charcoal should be considered if an overdose of paracetamol has been administered within 1:00. The concentration of paracetamol in blood plasma should be measured 4:00 or later after administration (earlier concentrations are not reliable).

Treatment N-acetylcysteine ​​can be applied within 24 hours after taking paracetamol, but the maximum protective effect is obtained when it is used within 8:00 after ingestion. The effectiveness of the antidote drops sharply after this time. If necessary, N-acetylcysteine ​​is administered intravenously to the patient, according to the established list of doses. In the absence of vomiting, oral methionine can be used as an appropriate alternative in remote areas outside the hospital.

Side effects

Adverse reactions to paracetamol are very rare (<1/10000):

• allergic reactions: anaphylactic shock, pruritus, rash on the skin and mucous membranes (usually generalized rash, erythematous, urticaria), angioedema, erythema multiforme exudative (including Stevens-Johnson syndrome), toxic epidermal necrolysis (Lyell's syndrome)
• from the digestive tract: nausea, epigastric pain, increased activity of liver enzymes, usually without the development of jaundice;
• from the endocrine system: hypoglycemia, up to hypoglycemic coma;
• from the hematopoietic organs: anemia, sulfhemoglobinemia and methemoglobinemia (cyanosis, shortness of breath, pain in the heart), hemolytic anemia
• respiratory disorders: bronchospasm in patients sensitive to acetylsalicylic acid and other NSAIDs.

Interaction with other medicinal products and other forms of interaction

The rate of absorption of paracetamol may increase metoclopramide and domperidone and decrease cholestyramine. Anticoagulant effect warfarin and others coumarins may increase with concomitant long-term regular daily use of paracetamol, with an increased risk of bleeding. Periodic administration does not have a significant effect.

Barbiturates reduce the antipyretic effect of paracetamol.

Anticonvulsants drugs (including phenytoin, barbiturates, carbamazepine) which stimulate the activity of microsomal liver enzymes, can increase the toxic effects of paracetamol on the liver due to an increase in the degree of conversion of the drug to hepatotoxic metabolites. Concomitant use of paracetamol with hepatotoxic agents increases the toxic effect of drugs on the liver.

Concomitant use of high doses of paracetamol with isoniazid increases the risk of developing hepatotoxic syndrome. Paracetamol reduces effectiveness diuretics.

Do not use simultaneously with alcohol.

Best before date

Storage conditions

Special storage conditions are not needed. Store in original packaging. Keep out of the reach of children!

Package

Tablets of 200 mg, 10 tablets in a blister; tablets of 500 mg, 10 tablets in a blister or strip; 500 mg tablets, 10 tablets in a strip, 5 strips in a pack.

Instruction

Paracetamol 500 refers to analgesic drugs. It is used for pain, fever and as an anti-inflammatory. The safest drug among non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in its group.

Composition and action

One 500 mg tablet contains:

• active substance: paracetamol;
• excipients: gelatin, potato starch, talc, glycerol, calcium stearate.

Preparations manufactured by different companies may differ slightly from each other in the composition of excipients.

It has an analgesic, anti-inflammatory and hypothermic effect. Applied with a decrease in pain, toothache. It is used for discomfort and fever with lesions of the genitourinary system and kidney disease.

Release form

White tablets 500 mg, 10 pcs. in plastic blisters or paper bags, packed in a cardboard box. The shape of the tablets varies depending on the manufacturer.

Pharmacological properties of the drug Paracetamol 500

The drug blocks cyclooxygenase in the central nervous system.

Pharmacodynamics

Due to the expansion of blood vessels and increased blood flow in a closed system of the heart and blood vessels, a decrease in body temperature occurs during fever.

Does not irritate the mucous membranes of the digestive system. Slows down the synthesis of prostaglandins, affecting the area of ​​thermoregulation in the hypothalamus.

Does not affect the synthesis of prostaglandins in muscles and adipose tissue, leads to the absence of a negative effect on the water-salt metabolism and mucous tissues of the gastrointestinal tract. Does not affect blood pressure.

Pharmacokinetics

Rapidly absorbed into body tissues. After ingestion, it is completely absorbed into the gastrointestinal tract. The highest concentration in the blood is reached 2-3 hours after ingestion. Evenly distributed throughout the tissues of the body. The ability of cells to absorb this drug in children and adults is almost the same. Less than 1% of the drug enters the breast milk of lactating women.

With an overdose or deficiency of tripeptide γ-glutamylcysteinylglycine, cell death of the liver parenchyma may occur.

Most of the drug substances are metabolized in the liver when combined with glucuronide, with sulfate and when oxidized by mixed oxidases of the organ and cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenase.

The half-life is about 2-2.5 hours. In elderly patients and patients with hepatic impairment, it increases. A day after taking the drug, about 80-90% of the substances are excreted through the kidneys in the form of glucuronides and sulfates.

Indications for use

• headache, migraine;
• toothache;
• neuralgia;
• muscle pain;
• menstrual pain;
• pain from injuries, burns;
• fever in infectious and inflammatory diseases.

With pyelonephritis

It is used as an anti-inflammatory and antipyretic agent for pyelonephritis.

With cystitis

It is prescribed as a complex antipyretic agent in the treatment of cystitis, which may be accompanied by an increase in body temperature.

With urethritis

When urethritis is used as an anesthetic.

Urolithiasis disease

The drug relieves pain when stones come out of the kidneys.

Application of the drug Paracetamol 500

Tablets or capsules are taken orally between meals with plenty of clean water.

Adults, the elderly, and adolescents over 12 years of age take 1,000 mg every 4 hours. The maximum daily dose should not exceed 4000 mg. Divide the required daily dose into 4 doses.

In tablets, this drug can be given to children who are 2 years old. For every kilogram of weight, there is no more than 10 mg of the drug. Apply at intervals of every 3-4 hours, no more than 4 times a day. Before use, crush the tablet to a powder state and add a little water. When compiling a children's dosage, it is necessary to prevent exceeding the specified norm in order to avoid a negative effect on the child's body.

At a temperature, the duration of treatment should not be more than 3 days in a row. If after this period the temperature continues to remain high, then you should immediately consult a doctor.

Contraindications when using Paracetamol 500

It is forbidden to use the medication in the following cases:

• intolerance to the components of the drug;
• age up to 6 years;
• severe disorders of the liver and kidneys;
• severe blood diseases;
• erosion or ulcers of the stomach;
• chronic alcoholism;
• viral hepatitis;
• benign hyperbilirubinemia: Gilbert's syndrome;
• lack of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in the body.

Side effects

From the side of the cardiovascular system: thrombocytopenia, a decrease in the number of leukocytes, pancytopenia, neutropenia, agranulocytosis.

From the gastrointestinal tract: heartburn, nausea, vomiting, belching, heaviness in the abdomen, rumbling, diarrhea, toxic liver poisoning.

Allergic reactions: skin rash, itching, urticaria, angioedema, angioedema.

Overdose

This medication has an extremely low toxicity, but in the case of taking extremely high doses, it can lead to serious consequences for the body.

There are 4 stages of overdose with this drug:

1. Acute intoxication of the body. It develops 1-2 hours after ingestion and lasts about a day. At this stage, such general signs of malaise as weakness, nausea, vomiting, headache, and pallor of the skin are characteristic.
2. Damage to the tissues of the gallbladder, liver and bile ducts begins. It develops within 1-2 days from the beginning of the reception. Symptoms characteristic of the first stage begin to intensify. Decreases the amount of urine produced. The patient feels pain and heaviness in the right side.
3. The symptoms of liver damage increase in the interval from 72 to 96 hours. The skin acquires a yellowish color, the level of liver enzymes rises, pain in the right side increases, there are: complete loss of appetite, constant vomiting, tachycardia, bleeding, hallucinations, a strong decrease in urine output.
4. In the period from 5 days to 2 weeks, either the restoration of damaged body tissues or the death of the patient occurs.

In case of overdose, it is necessary to wash the stomach. Take a large amount of clean water (about 1 liter) and induce vomiting. If symptoms worsen, seek immediate medical attention.

special instructions

The regimen depends on the age and condition of the patient.

Can I take during pregnancy and lactation

During clinical studies, no embryotoxic, teratogenic and mutagenic effects on the fetus were detected.

Less than 1% of the drug passes into breast milk.

Application in childhood

The drug in tablets can be given to children who are at least 2 years old. For every kilogram of the child's weight, no more than 10 mg of medication should be taken.

For impaired renal function

Do not take in case of severe impairment of kidney function.

For impaired liver function

Do not take with severe liver dysfunction.

drug interaction

When used with inducers of microsomal liver enzymes with agents that have a negative effect on the organ, an increase in the toxic effect occurs.

When used with substances that reduce blood clotting (anticoagulants) and prevent the formation of blood clots, the time interval for plasma clotting increases.

When used with substances that block the action of the natural mediator - acetylcholine - on cholinergic receptors, it is possible to reduce the absorption of the active substance of the drug. When used with oral contraceptives, the time of excretion of the active substance from the body and a decrease in its analgesic effect increase.

When used with anti-gout agents, their effectiveness decreases. When used with activated charcoal, the absorption of the active substance decreases. When used with Diazepam, it is possible to reduce the release of the latter.