Complicated streptoderma. Is the disease contagious? Complications of streptoderma from the skin

The overall well-being and mood of a person depends on the health of the skin. From this article, you will learn what streptoderma is, what are the symptoms and methods of treating this disease, how to recognize signs of pathology in order to provide first aid in time, and what are the causes of this disease. You will learn all about streptoderma and the basic methods of dealing with it.

What is streptoderma

Streptoderma is a purulent-inflammatory disease of the skin, or in other words, the epidermis. The main cause of the appearance of pathology include infection with streptococci. To start the process, two factors are enough:

the presence of an infection;
local lesion of the skin.

In another way, this streptoderma is called streptococcal pyoderma. The disease is caused by group A beta hemolytic streptococcus.

Although this is a skin disease, the pathogen can harm other organs and systems. Streptoderma is possible in both men and women. However, most often such problems appear in newborns and school age. It is in such groups that close tactile contacts are possible, which contributes to the rapid spread of infection.

In adults, mass outbreaks of streptoderma are also possible in closed groups. These may be military units, prisons or hospitals.

With this disease, sores appear on the body, under the nose, in the mouth, on the lips, chin, on the arms and legs, on the fingers, back, and even on the genitals. What streptoderma looks like can be seen in the photo.

It is quite possible to cure streptoderma completely. The main thing is to do it in a timely manner in order to prevent the development of complications.

Causes of the disease

The main cause of streptoderma is infection with streptococcus. However, not always, when this infection is in the body, skin problems develop. Streptococcus in the nose, anywhere on the face or on the head in the hair can provoke the appearance of purulent formations only if the immune defense is reduced and microtraumas are received on the skin surface.

Streptoderma is contagious. And this is due to the characteristics of the pathogen - streptococcus. It has amazing vitality:

survives in a dry environment;
at 60 degrees dies in half an hour;
in boiling water dies after 15 minutes;
oxygen is not needed to survive.

Some disinfectants work well for infection, as does freezing.

The body can be infected with streptococci, but if the skin is intact, the infection will not penetrate. The disease can develop against the background of such factors:

insect bites;
injections;
diaper rash;
abrasions;
scratches;
burns.

Important! During piercing and tattooing, there is also a high risk of introducing streptococcus, which will lead to the development of streptoderma.

Secondary streptoderma is spoken of in cases where a person's skin has already been infected, and a streptococcal infection has just joined, aggravating the condition. This phenomenon occurs against the background of scabies.

Ways of transmission of infection and risk groups

Both the child and the adult must understand how the infection can be introduced into the body and take precautions. There are three routes of entry of the pathogen:

contact-household, that is, through common household items;
airborne, for example, during a conversation or kiss with an infected person;
air-dust, means, through dust particles with streptococcus.

Note! A person can infect the wound by himself if he is already infected with streptococcus.

There is a greater risk of getting sick in the following situations:

The likelihood of streptoderma on the face and other parts of the body can be reduced if you monitor your lifestyle, nutrition and immunity.

Classification

There are several varieties of streptoderma:

superficial;
deep.

With a superficial form of streptoderma, the resulting ulcers are located only at the level of the upper layers of the skin. In another way, the condition is called impetigo. With a deep form of the disease, the focus of inflammation is located deep in the skin, at the level of the dermis and beyond.

The classification divides the pathology into the following forms:

Although such sores most often appear on the face, the systemic form of the disease can spread through the skin to different areas. Intertriginous streptoderma occurs in places where the skin is subjected to periodic friction and sweating. Even if the wound has healed, the disease can recur even in the same place.

Symptoms

To distinguish herpes from streptoderma, you need to clearly know the symptoms of this disease.

The first signs of the disease are as follows:

the appearance of scaly areas with reddened skin;
swollen lymph nodes;
the formation of bubbles with a clear liquid, ranging in size from 1 mm - 2 cm in diameter;
pain and burning near the affected area;
local rise in temperature.

At this stage, few people think that he has streptoderma. A doctor can diagnose the pathology. In addition to signs of a problem in the skin, the following phenomena may occur:

general increase in temperature;
weakness and lethargy;
nausea;
pain in the joints;
muscle aches;
headache.

To determine streptoderma, you may need to take tests. Knowing the symptoms of each form of pathology will help to accurately establish the diagnosis.

Features of streptococcal impetigo

The picture of the development of the disease is as follows:

redness;
the formation of a small bubble;
its rapid growth;
bubble rupture;
sore.

As it dries, a yellowish crust forms. The disease cycle is completed.

Features of the bullous type of streptoderma

The rash spreads to the hands, feet and legs. Bubbles grow slowly, and purulent contents accumulate inside.

After the rupture of the bubble, erosion remains, which may not heal for a long time.

Turnioli Features

The area around the nail plate is affected. At first, the skin turns red, itches, and then swells. Bubbles form with dense skin on top. Pus accumulates inside.

Features of intertriginous streptoderma

This type of streptococcal skin infection occurs in the armpits and in places where there are skin folds, such as the groin.

Blisters form on the skin, which coalesce together to form larger lesions. After healing, the tissue remains bright pink.

Features of ecthyma

With the defeat of the deep layers, bubbles and ulcers are formed, covered with a dense crust. Scars after falling off of crusts remain quite often.

Knowing how streptoderma begins, you can stop the pathology at the initial stage. Then treatment at home will not take much time and there will be no exacerbations.

Diagnostic measures

In order to prescribe the right remedy and treat the patient correctly, a detailed diagnosis is very important. The attending physician determines which methods of examination to apply. As a rule, the patient is waiting for:

visual inspection and collection of complaints;
taking a scraping for bacteriological examination;
general blood analysis;
biochemistry.

In order to completely get rid of the disease, it is important not only to use folk methods and follow general recommendations for skin diseases, but also to strictly take into account the doctor's prescription.

General rules for streptoderma

To speed up the recovery process, the patient should consider the following:

observe bed rest;
limit external contacts to prevent the spread of infection;
exclude close contacts with family members, since the disease is also dangerous for them;
use only personal hygiene and household items;
it is not advisable to wash with streptoderma, as this can provoke a further spread of the infection throughout the body;
it is better to limit yourself to wiping healthy skin with a damp towel;
change bedding every two days and treat it with a hot iron with steam;
use underwear and bed linen made from natural fabrics.

Compliance with these rules will help the patient get rid of the disease faster and serve as a good prevention for the people around him from infection.

Medical treatment

Most often, only topical drugs are used to combat streptoderma. General treatment is required for complex forms and with the development of unpleasant consequences.

The doctor may prescribe:

antiseptics;
antibiotics;
antimicrobial agents;
anti-inflammatory drugs.

Treatment of affected areas with antiseptics contributes to the inhibition of the development of pathogenic microorganisms.

Important! During treatment, there may be pain and burning, however, this is a normal reaction to such drugs.

When treating the skin, it is important to apply the medicine not only to the formations themselves. It is important to touch a few more centimeters around this place. Formed blisters can be pierced with a sterile needle. Before this, the areas should also be disinfected.

The crusts are soaked and removed with salicylic acid or petroleum jelly. For the treatment of sores, any of the following talkers are suitable:

blue 2%;
brilliant green 2%;
fucorcin;
peroxide 1%;
potassium permanganate.

You can apply all these products up to 4 times a day with a cotton swab. Any other procedures are carried out no earlier than 20 minutes later.

Antibiotics for skin rashes caused by the activity of streptococci are necessary. These drugs can be used both topically and orally. For topical use, either a broad-spectrum antibiotic ointment or a powder is chosen, which is poured directly into the affected area.

Ointment for streptoderma may be as follows:

"Levomikol";
"Gentamicin";
"Erythromycin";
"Baneocin";
"Streptocide".

Streptocid ointment or zinc paste with chloramphenicol must be applied in a thin layer, up to three times a day.

For general treatment, the following antibacterial drugs can be prescribed:

"Clarithromycin";
"Amoxicillin";
"Flemoxin";
"Augmentin".

With streptoderma, antibacterial agents can only be prescribed by an experienced doctor. In some cases, a special test may be carried out that will determine the activity of the drug in relation to a specific group of streptococci. Prescribing these medications on your own can be dangerous.

Treatment with folk remedies is possible only along with the main therapy. Most often, lotions with decoctions of chamomile flowers, oak bark, sage and string are used.

It is important to maintain your body every day with moderate physical activity, giving up bad habits, and proper nutrition. At the first negative symptoms, you should consult a doctor. Following these principles, you do not have to look for a way to get rid of streptoderma.

Watch the video:

Streptoderma is a dermatological bacterial disease caused by streptococci. It is characterized by the fact that pinkish scaly rounded spots form on the skin.

It is more correct to call this disease streptoderma, since together with staphyloderma, they form an extensive group of pustular skin diseases (pyoderma). The development of these diseases is based on a purulent inflammatory process that affects the skin and subcutaneous fat. All pyoderma are divided into clinical forms depending on the pathogen, the prevalence and depth of the inflammatory process.

Pyoderma code (staphyloderma and streptoderma) ICD 10 - L08.0. Streptococcal impetigo is classified as L01. Erysipelas (caused by group A beta-hemolytic streptococci) is classified as A46.

For reference. Streptoderma is pyoderma caused by streptococci (mainly group A beta-hemolytic streptococci).

Symptoms of the disease are quite diverse and largely depend on:

the depth of the inflammatory process (superficial or deep streptoderma);
localization of the inflammatory process;
the age of the patient, the state of his immunity, the presence of concomitant diseases, etc.

Streptoderma - classification

Depending on the depth of the inflammatory process, streptoderma is usually divided into superficial and deep.

Superficial forms of streptoderma are presented:

streptococcal impetigo;
crevice impetigo;
papulo-erosive streptoderma;
intertriginous streptoderma;
erysipelas;
streptococcal toxic shock syndrome;
acute diffuse streptoderma.

Deep forms of streptoderma include cellulitis (phlegmon of subcutaneous fat) and ecthyma vulgaris.

For reference. In some cases, the inflammatory process can be caused by a mixed flora (staphylostreptoderma), in which case superficial impetigo vulgaris most often develops.

Causes of streptoderma

Normally, human skin is colonized by a large number of opportunistic pathogens. They make up its natural microflora and do not cause an inflammatory process.

Also, they help maintain the natural defense mechanisms of the skin.

With a sufficient level of immunity, intact skin has non-specific resistance (relative innate resistance to certain pathogenic microorganisms). Nonspecific resistance is the first protective barrier that prevents the penetration of infectious agents into the body.

Fatty acids secreted by the skin have a pronounced bactericidal effect (destructive) on group A beta-hemolytic streptococci.

Attention. In the presence of risk factors (decreased immunity, skin trauma, etc.), the level of nonspecific resistance is markedly reduced. Against this background, the inflammatory process can be caused by both pathogenic microorganisms and conditionally pathogenic microorganisms that are constantly present on the skin.

Risk factors contributing to the development of inflammatory processes in the skin and subcutaneous fat are:

immunodeficiency states;
stress, chronic lack of sleep, overwork;
constant hypothermia;
work in hot, stuffy rooms;
living in regions with a humid climate;
work in conditions of high humidity (greenhouses, etc.);
violations of the integrity of the skin;
deficiency of vitamins A, B, C, E, as well as zinc, magnesium or sulfur;
unbalanced diet;
hormonal changes (youthful acne, etc.);
endocrine diseases (diabetes mellitus, polycystic ovary syndrome, thyroid disease, etc.);
concomitant diseases of the skin (dermatitis, psoriasis, etc.);
non-compliance with the rules of personal hygiene;
improperly selected skin care (overdrying of the skin, the use of too aggressive cleansers, etc.);
the use of low-quality cosmetics;
obesity;
the presence of foci of chronic infection (streptococcal tonsillitis).

Attention. Due to the lack of barrier functions of the skin, young children are more prone to staphylo- and streptoderma than adults.

What can cause streptoderma

The most pathogenic streptococci for humans, often causing streptoderma, are hemolytic, viridescent and non-hemolytic streptococci.

Group A beta-hemolytic streptococci are the main cause of all streptoderma. Green and non-hemolytic streptococci affect the skin less often and, as a rule, cause streptoderma in children or debilitated patients.

For reference. The prevalence of streptoderma is due to the fact that about 45% of schoolchildren (in older patients this percentage is higher) are chronic carriers of group A beta-hemolytic streptococci in the nasopharynx.

Streptococci are transmitted by airborne droplets, when coughing, talking or sneezing.

In the presence of streptococcal inflammatory processes on the skin (erysipelas, impetigo, etc.), the infection can be transmitted by contact (personal items, sheets).

For reference. The main difference between streptoderma and staphyloderma is the lesion of smooth skin.

With streptoderma, the skin around the mouth, the skin of the legs, armpits, above the mammary glands, in the inguinal and gluteal folds, etc. are affected. There is also a peripheral spread of the focus of the inflammatory process (from the center to the periphery).

With streptoderma, hair follicles and sweat glands are not involved in the inflammatory process. Folliculitis and hydradenitis are characteristic of staphyloderma.

How does streptoderma begin in children

Streptoderma in children most often proceeds according to the type of papulo-erosive streptoderma and streptococcal impetigo. Streptoderma on the face of a child often proceeds according to the type of slit impetigo (jamming in the corners of the mouth) or Fox's streptococcal impetigo.

Papulo-erosive streptoderma: symptoms

For reference. Papulo-erosive streptoderma most often occurs in infants.

Predisposing factors contributing to the development of this streptoderma are:

improper child care
constant use of diapers,
the presence of a baby prickly heat,
irritating effect on the skin of urine (with infrequent change of diapers and rare washing of the child),
the use of aggressive detergents when washing clothes, etc.

This streptoderma is located mainly on:

buttocks,
gluteal folds,
hips,
perineum,
scrotum.

For reference. Symptoms of papulo-erosive streptoderma are manifested by the appearance of dense cyanotic-reddish papular rashes. Around the papules is a corolla of hyperemia (redness).

Conflicts (purulent formations with an easily torn lid) often form on the surface of the papular rash. After the rupture is conflict, the erosive surface is exposed. The skin around the erosions is inflamed, edematous and hyperemic.

The formation of crusts (dry or weeping) is also characteristic.

Streptococcal impetigo Tilbury-Fox

For reference. Streptococcal impetigo occurs predominantly in children. This type of streptoderma is highly contagious. Therefore, often when impetigo occurs in one child, the entire team becomes infected.

This type of streptoderma is characterized by the occurrence of serous-purulent or serous (vesicles with a sluggish, flabby lid and transparent contents) conflicts surrounded by a halo of hyperemia.

As the disease progresses (3-4 days), the conflicts shrink, forming loose, yellowish-green crusts. After the crusts fall off, erosive surfaces may be exposed. After healing of erosions, temporary foci of hyperpigmentation and peeling remain.

The formation of deep atrophic scars for this streptoderma is not typical.

The disease is often complicated by the addition of lymphadenitis (inflammation of the lymph nodes) and lymphangitis.

Streptococcal impetigo is located mainly on:

facial skin,
around the lips (and on the red border of the lips),
around the wings of the nose, etc.

For reference. A severe form of streptococcal impetigo is bullous impetigo.

How does streptoderma begin like bullous impetigo

Bullous streptoderma affects mainly the skin on the hands, legs and feet.

The disease is accompanied by the appearance of large blisters filled with serous-purulent or serous contents. The size of the bubbles can reach several centimeters. The lid of the bladder is tense, the formation is surrounded by an inflammatory corolla. The severity of the disease is determined by the thickness of the stratum corneum in the areas of inflammation.

After opening the bubble, extensive erosive surfaces are exposed.

Intertriginous streptoderma

The inflammatory process affects the skin in the inguinal and gluteal folds, axillary region, behind the auricles, under the mammary glands.

This type of streptoderma is typical for patients with obesity, severe sweating, severe cardiovascular pathologies or diabetes mellitus.

In severe streptoderma, ulceration of inflammation and the appearance of purulent and purulent-hemorrhagic crusts are possible. It is also possible to attach lymphangitis and lymphadenitis.

Streptoderma on the face in the form of seizures (slit impetigo)

Slit impetigo is located in the corners of the mouth. The disease can be either concomitant (combined with another type of staphylo- or streptoderma), or the only appearance of streptococcal skin lesions.

Zayeds are distinguished by a highly specific clinical picture. Streptococcus-affected skin is edematous, inflamed. In the depths of the folds, rapidly opening conflicts and erosions are formed with overhanging white corollas of exfoliated epithelium. Further, a loose crust is formed, which is easily torn when moving the lips.

Dry streptoderma (lichen simplex)

Dry streptoderma occurs mainly in children. Adults get sick much less frequently.

The cause of this streptoderma are low pathogenic strains of streptococci.

Most often, simple lichen occurs in organized children's groups in the spring. Mostly open areas of the skin (face, hands, etc.) are affected.

The disease is manifested by pink spots with whitish scales. When a large number of scales appear, the spots become gray. After the disappearance of the scales, a focus of temporary hyperpigmentation remains.

For reference. Lichen simplex is characterized by a long sluggish course and frequent relapses.

Streptoderma in adults - how it starts

Streptoderma in adults most often occurs in the form of:

erysipelas,
superficial panaritium (paronychia),
cellulite,
zaedov,
ecthyma.

Superficial panaritiums

Paronychia is streptoderma that affects the nail fold. In children, this type of streptoderma is less common than in adults.

The disease begins with redness of the skin of the nail fold, the appearance of edema and soreness. With the progression of inflammation, a vesicle with serous contents appears, which quickly suppurates.

The cover of the purulent bladder is dense, tense. The nail roller can swell significantly, surrounding the nail in a horseshoe-like fashion.

For reference. With a long course of the disease, the skin acquires a bluish-pink hue. Pus is periodically released from under the inflamed roller. There is also a deformation of the nail plate, its delamination, tarnishing.

Erysipelas

Erysipelatous streptoderma occurs mainly in elderly patients or infants.

The inflammatory process is localized mainly on the skin of the legs (shins), torso, face.

Concomitant factors contributing to the development of erysipelas of the skin are diabetes mellitus, thrombophlebitis of the veins of the lower extremities or venous insufficiency, the presence of eczema, fungal infections.

For reference. Erysipelatous inflammation is characterized by the appearance of a painful erythematous focus (a dense, lemon-peel-like formation with edges raised above unaffected skin). The formation is bright red, clearly demarcated from non-inflamed skin.

The disease is often complicated by:

lymphadenitis,
lymphangitis,
subcutaneous abscesses,
fasciitis,
cellulites.

Cellulite

Attention. A dermatological disease called cellulite has nothing to do with a cosmetic defect, denoted by the same word. Streptoderma, proceeding according to the type of cellulite, is a severe inflammatory process in the dermis and subcutaneous fat, caused by group A beta-hemolytic streptococci and Staphylococcus aureus.

The risk group for the development of phlegmon of the subcutaneous fat includes patients with severe endocrine pathologies (diabetes mellitus), cirrhotic liver disease, acute and chronic renal failure, immunodeficiency states, the presence of leukemia and malignant tumors.

Most often, cellulite occurs on the face and lower extremities.

The focus of inflammation becomes bright red, edematous, the contours of inflammation are fuzzy, and the focus is sharply painful on palpation. Abscesses, hemorrhagic rashes, pustules, or vesicles may occur on inflamed skin.

There is also fever, weakness, a significant deterioration in the general condition of the patient.

Cellulite can be complicated by the development of:

osteomyelitis,
thrombophlebitis,
abscess
necrotizing fasciitis,
septic arthritis,
sepsis
lymphangitis,
lymphadenitis, etc.

Ecthyma (ulcerative streptoderma)

For reference. Ecthyma is called a deep type of streptoderma, occurring with tissue ulceration. The inflammatory process is caused mainly by group A beta-hemolytic streptococci.

Ulcerative streptoderma occurs mainly in debilitated patients (persons with severe chronic diseases, vitamin deficiencies, immunodeficiencies, exhaustion, alcoholism, etc.). As a rule, the skin of the lower extremities is affected.

Symptoms of the disease are the appearance of purulent conflicts, shrinking into crusts for several days. The inflammatory infiltrate deeply affects the tissues, therefore, after the crust falls off, residual purulent and purulent-hemorrhagic contents may be released, after which a deep ulcer is exposed. The edges of the ulcer rise above the skin, the bottom is covered with necrotic and purulent deposits, with the slightest damage to the tissue they bleed.

Plaques can dry out, forming brownish crusts containing necrotic masses and blood.

Scarring of the ulcer is long and can last up to a month. After healing of the ulcer, a hypotrophic scar remains.

Streptoderma in children - how to treat

The treatment of streptoderma should be handled exclusively by a specialist. All drugs must be prescribed by a dermatologist.

For reference. With deep streptoderma, surgical treatment, opening and drainage of the purulent cavity, followed by washing with antibacterial solutions, may be necessary. Surgical excision of necrotic surfaces may also be necessary.

Streptoderma in adults - treatment

The principles of treatment of streptoderma in adults and children do not differ. However, when prescribing drugs, age restrictions on their use should be taken into account.

Streptoderma - how to treat

All treatment should be under the supervision of the attending physician.

Treatment depends on the type of streptoderma, the age of the patient, the state of his immunity, the prevalence and depth of the inflammatory process, the presence of complications and comorbidities that aggravate the course of the disease.

For the treatment of streptoderma, ointments and lotions with antiseptics or antibiotics can be used. Systemic antibiotic therapy (azithromycin, erythromycin, ceftriaxone, cefazolin, cephalexin, doxycycline, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, etc.) may also be prescribed.

For reference. Antibiotics for streptococcal infections should last at least 10 days. Immunomodulatory therapy may also be prescribed.

According to indications, physiotherapy treatment can be additionally carried out.

Streptoderma - ointment for the skin

In the treatment of streptoderma, ointments with gentamicin, erythromycin, clindamycin, lincomycin, chloramphenicol can be used. Zinc ointments may also be prescribed.

For reference. According to indications (severe swelling, itching, etc.), combined ointments with antibiotics and hormones are used (betamethasone and gentamicin, hydrocortisone and oxytetracycline, tetracycline and triamcinolone).

Skin disease caused by streptococci, predominantly group A beta-hemolytic pyogenic streptococcus.

Under the influence of bacteria, the skin begins to become covered with purulent rashes, which later turn into rounded spots, pink in color and peel off. The size of streptoderma foci varies from a few millimeters to several centimeters in diameter. The foci are localized mainly on the back, face and lower extremities.

Streptoderma is more common in children and women, as well as people with weakened immune systems who have chronic diseases. Outbreaks of streptoderma occur in children's groups, where streptoderma is transmitted by shared toys. Adults are more likely to become infected from children.

Treatment depends on the type of streptoderma and the extent of the infection. The incubation period lasts 7 days, after which the disease progresses rapidly. If the disease is noticed early, then the treatment is carried out locally. As a rule, ointments are used, which include antibiotics.

Symptoms

The first symptoms of streptoderma are pinkish rounded spots, 4 cm in size. If the disease is not treated on time, the bubbles merge, capturing large areas of the skin. Rashes appear mainly on the face, arms and legs, back, buttocks. When the spots come off, a white mark remains for a while.

Subjective sensations with streptoderma are absent. In the absence of treatment, the symptoms are added:

increased body temperature (up to 38 degrees);
enlarged lymph nodes;

Dry streptoderma

This type of disease is considered severe and most often occurs in adult men or boys of preschool age. Dry streptoderma is characterized by the appearance of white spots, usually oval or round, the size of which does not exceed 5 centimeters. The lesions of the skin are quickly covered with scabs and are initially localized only in visible areas of the body, later covering the rest of the epidermis. After recovery, these areas of the body remain unpigmented for a long time.

Which doctors to contact

stages

Depending on the type of ongoing processes and the degree of damage to the skin, 3 stages of streptoderma are distinguished:

How and what to treat

For the treatment of streptoderma, antibacterial and antiseptic drugs are used that help destroy pathogens. For local treatment, external agents are used, which include antibiotics. Sometimes injections are made from streptococcus.

In the lesions, skin treatment is done. Pustules and blisters are opened with sterile needles at the base, and then the affected areas of the skin are treated with aniline dyes twice a day. After that, a dry aseptic bandage with disinfectant ointments is applied to the affected areas. The crusts are lubricated with salicylic vaseline.

For the treatment of streptoderma, in addition to local drugs, the following are prescribed:

fortifying drugs;
vitamins;
therapeutic ultraviolet irradiation of the affected areas of the skin;
ultraviolet blood irradiation (UVB).

If streptoderma turns into a chronic type of flow, blisters form on the skin that require opening. In the event of weeping erosions, disinfecting dressings are applied. When the treatment reaches the final stage, patients are advised to apply sulfur-tar ointments, which eliminate residual inflammation.

Treatment

With adequate therapy, a mild degree of the disease (impetigo) can be treated within 5-7 days. Severe degrees of the disease will require more time - up to several months. Treatment can last up to 3 months if the body's immunity is weakened. After consultation with a doctor, therapy is carried out at home on their own. Apply complex treatment of streptoderma.

General principles of treatment

avoid contact with water;
wear clothes only from natural fabrics;
observe the temperature regime in the room;
adhere to a hypoallergenic diet with the exception of fatty, spicy and sweet.

Local treatment

In the local treatment of streptoderma, the blisters must be opened with a sterile needle, pus removed and the skin treated with aniline dyes 2 times a day. So that the foci do not increase, the skin around them is lubricated with salicylic or boric alcohol. To dry the weeping surface, resorcinol, silver nitrate is applied to it.

At the stage of the onset of symptoms of streptoderma in the form of crusts, dressings with ointments are used:

ficidin;
chloramphenicol;
erythromycin;
tetracycline;
physiderm.

Medical treatment

In the treatment of streptoderma, the following drugs are involved:

Antibiotics (macrolides, penicillins).
Immunomodulating agents (immunofan, likopid).
Desensitizing (suprastin, claritin, telfast).
Vitamin therapy (vit. A, C, P, group B).
Antipyretics (paracetamol).
Antiseptics for local use (miramistin, chlorhexidine, erythromycin ointment, levamikol).

Folk remedies at home

In combination with antibacterial therapy, remedies recommended by traditional medicine are used:

It is recommended to make special lotions from gruel obtained from fresh puffball mushroom.

Dry oak leaves are crushed and sprinkled on rashes. Instead of oak, horsetail grass is used.

Apply powders made from hairy hawkweed. The plant is dried and ground into powder.

Brew in 200 ml. boiling water 1 tablespoon of oak bark and let it brew for an hour. Lubricate the affected areas with this infusion before going to bed. Similarly, infusions are prepared from a string, celandine, sage.

Lotions and compresses are also obtained by mixing ground black pepper and garlic juice. Such lotions help with weeping erosions and large abscesses.

To prepare the collection, interior lard is combined with spruce resin powder and propolis. The ingredients are mixed and boiled in a water bath, then cooled and lubricated with streptoderma-affected areas.

Lotions for abscesses are made from sour leaves, which have a healing effect.

A quarter of a teaspoon of prepared alum powder is diluted in half a glass of warm water and moistened with a solution of abscesses.

Pour 100 ml of olive oil and 2 tablespoons of alder leaves. In a water bath, warm the mixture for 15 minutes, cool and lubricate the affected areas of the body.

Ointments based on honey and juice of an unripe pomegranate help. The medicine is stored in the refrigerator.

On the basis of honey, an ointment with cistus root powder is also prepared. as well as with radish juice.

Ointment with honey and dubrovnik garlic is evaporated in a water bath.

St. John's wort oil is suitable for compresses.

Hazel bark (1 spoon) is poured with boiling water (250 ml.), Infused in a thermos for 3 hours. Then applied to the affected areas for 10 minutes, soaking a soft cloth in the infusion for this.

Pine resin is considered a natural ointment, which is used to lubricate abscesses. Wash off such an ointment carefully - wipe it with a cotton swab with alcohol or vodka.

An infusion of walnut leaves helps to heal ulcers and exfoliate the scab. To prepare 2 tablespoons of crushed leaves, pour 300 ml. boiling water, leave for 2 hours. Apply applications moistened with this agent to the skin for 15 minutes.

Causes

Streptoderma is transmitted from person to person. Streptococci that cause streptoderma in humans are opportunistic pathogens. This means that, getting on the surface of the skin, the bacterium becomes the cause of the disease in case of reduced immunity or in the presence of skin lesions.

There are cases of infection with streptococci through the bites or touches of certain insects, as well as by contact with the soil. The risk of developing streptoderma increases with the following diseases and conditions:

phlebeurysm;
circulatory disorders;
endocrine disorders;
diseases of the gastrointestinal tract;
imbalance in skin metabolism;
kidney failure;
diabetes.

Factors that increase the risk of streptoderma:

the state of the body after prolonged infectious diseases;
decreased immunity;
metabolic disorders;
hormonal disruptions;
neurological diseases;
intoxication and poisoning;
hypovitaminosis;
unbalanced diet;
physical stress.

External factors that aggravate the course of streptoderma:

overheating or hypothermia;
violation of hygiene rules;
skin pollution;
prolonged contact with water;
high humidity.

In children, the disease develops due to strains of the common microbial agent streptococcus. Decreased immunity of the child's body, neglect of personal hygiene are the main reasons for the activation of streptococcus.

Due to age and children's curiosity, the skin, which is a protective barrier, is regularly subjected to mechanical trauma. Against this background, even small skin lesions in the form of cracks, scratches, abrasions or scratches become the cause of infection.

Sick children become carriers of the disease and infect healthy ones, so patients are isolated, which helps to prevent a focal outbreak of the disease. Also, skin infection is possible through dust containing pathogenic microorganisms, insects that carry pathogens on their paws, as well as against the background of other diseases.

Causes

The causes of streptoderma are streptococcal bacteria and internal predisposing factors. Streptococcus is resistant to environmental factors, therefore it remains on objects used by children:

toys;
dishes;
cloth;
water and air;
surface of the skin and mucous membranes.

For the penetration of streptococcus into the skin, the presence of an entrance gate is required: abrasion, scratching, insect bite.

Ways of transmission of the disease:

contact;
airborne;
food.

There are many factors predisposing to the development of streptoderma, which ultimately lead to metabolic and immunological disorders. Third-party provocateurs that affect the severity and duration of the disease include:

prematurity, lag in physical development;
deficiency of body weight;
frostbite, burns;
neglect of the rules of body hygiene;
insufficient child care;
poor nutrition.

The decrease in the resistance of the child's body is affected by acute and chronic diseases:

diabetes;
helminthiasis;
allergy;
skin diseases.

Only the combined effect of these factors provokes the occurrence of streptoderma.

How does streptoderma begin in children

Parents often mistake the symptoms of the disease for signs of chickenpox. After an incubation period of 7 days, the child develops the following symptoms of the disease:

small watery vesicles surrounded by a halo of inflamed skin;
whitish or reddish oval scaly spots;
itching and burning on the damaged areas;
temperature rise to 38.5°C;
swollen lymph nodes;
weakness.

The main symptom of streptoderma in children is the appearance on the skin of small colorless vesicles filled with liquid and surrounded by a specific red ring. Then these bubbles turn into small pustules, and the skin around them exfoliates with small scales.

Symptoms

The clinical signs of streptoderma in children of all ages are similar, only certain types of the disease differ from each other, regardless of the etiology and age of the child:

increase in body temperature up to 38.5°C;
intoxication;
headache;
prostration;
muscle pain, muscle atony;
aches in the joints;
bouts of nausea and vomiting;
inflammation of regional lymph nodes (at the location of the primary lesions);
change in the number of leukocytes.

Types of childhood streptoderma are classified according to the localization of primary foci, the depth of tissue damage and the intensity of typical symptoms.

How long does the illness last in children?

The duration of the acute stage of the disease is determined by the type, severity of the disease and the timeliness of treatment. As a rule, it is 5–14 days.

How to treat

In most cases, home treatment will be sufficient. Sometimes there is a need for hospitalization and treatment in a hospital. The main guarantee of effective treatment of streptoderma is careful adherence to the doctor's recommendations. Treatment is aimed at the complete elimination of the pathogenic factor - streptococcus bacteria.

Erosive and ulcerative foci are treated with antiseptic agents, which dries the bubbles. After that, antibacterial ointments or liniments are applied. To prevent chemical burns of healthy areas of the skin, it is recommended to use drugs pointwise. You can lubricate the affected areas with a solution of brilliant green, salicylic or boric acid, fucorcin.

Antibiotics will be prescribed without fail: with a mild degree of the disease, these drugs are used as part of local remedies; in severe situations, the child is forced to take medication orally or by injection. In the presence of concomitant diseases that affect the condition of the skin and immunity, antibiotics are prescribed along with steroid hormone therapy. More often, funds based on tetracycline, gentamicin, lincomycin, chloramphenicol are indicated.

Treatment

Treatment of streptoderma without complications in a child implies the following areas:

hygiene requirements;
antiseptic and antibacterial agents;
antihistamines: loratadine, fexofenadine, cetirizine;
immunomodulators and vitamin complexes.

The fundamental point in the elimination of streptoderma is hygiene. If the skin itches strongly and painfully, then every day it is required to lubricate the affected areas with alcohol tincture of iodine. When a streptoderma lesion occupies a vast area of the body, it is recommended to refrain from water procedures for some time, change clothes and bedding more often. Allocate dishes and toiletries only for a sick child, which must be washed thoroughly with hot water and soap.

Streptoderma foci should be locally treated with antiseptics for the fastest drying, only after that an ointment or liniment is used. Apply spot processing with:

salicylic acid;
brilliant green;
fucorcin;
boric acid.

Drug treatment is based on the use of antibacterial agents. As a rule, the use of an antibacterial component is only in the form of a local agent (ointment, gel, liniment), and only in the treatment of a severe neglected child - in the form of tablets and injections. In severe cases, antibiotics are combined with steroid hormones. Ointment from streptoderma for lubricating purulent foci contains the following components:

tetracycline;
erythromycin;
chloramphenicol;
gentamicin;
lincomycin.

It is used in the treatment of streptoderma in children and herbal medicine. Streptococcal bacillus exterminate burdock, garlic, onion, yarrow. For the preparation of lotions, powders and ointments, decoctions and infusions based on medicinal plants are used.

With a long, slowly current process of the disease, vitamins A, C, P, group B are prescribed, and immunostimulating treatment is also used (autohemotherapy and courses of pyrogenal). As additional methods, physiotherapeutic procedures (ultraviolet irradiation courses) are used. Sometimes UVI (purification) of the blood is done to eliminate the source of infection.

In addition, laser therapy for streptoderma is used. For treatment, massage is often used, with the help of which dead cells are removed from the body. In the same way, the elasticity of the skin is increased. With the help of massage, the blood vessels expand and excess secretions are removed from the skin cells.

Systemic antibiotics for streptoderma are prescribed in the absence of the effect of local remedies. More often, the doctor prescribes cephalosporins, modern macrolides or penicillins. Rehabilitation after completion of treatment is not required.

In severe cases, when streptoderma in a child becomes chronic, even surgical treatment is used to remove dead tissue. Sometimes the blisters are opened with a special sterile needle, after which bandages with special sterile lotions are immediately applied.

Diagnostics

As a rule, the diagnosis of streptoderma in a child is based on clinical signs. Only in order to exclude other diseases or diagnose complications of streptoderma, laboratory and instrumental examinations are performed:

blood analysis;
radiography of the lungs;
Ultrasound of the heart;
lumbar puncture.

Consequences and complications

With adequate treatment, the disease does not leave cosmetic defects or consequences for the health of the child. A short-term violation of pigmentation in the affected area is normalized 1.5-2 months after recovery.

With improper treatment, the risk of the transition of the disease to a chronic course increases, which threatens with regular relapses of streptoderma as provoking factors influence. In severe streptoderma, secondary diseases, for example, guttate psoriasis, join.

Streptococcal bacteria, which cause the development of streptoderma, become the cause of scarlet fever, in which the skin is affected by a pink rash and the body temperature rises.

Serious, but rare complications of streptoderma - septicemia (blood infection with bacteria) and streptococcal glomerulonephritis (kidney damage) can cause severe consequences, and sometimes death.

Streptoderma and pregnancy

Perhaps the development of streptoderma in pregnant women. The reason for this is a lack of vitamins and a decrease in immunity. But, during pregnancy, the disease rarely leads to complications and is easily treatable. However, if therapy is not started on time, the disease becomes dangerous for the fetus. Through the placenta, streptococci penetrate into the amniotic fluid and disrupt the normal development of the child.

Complications

Without adequate treatment, the disease becomes chronic, and the risk of bacterial eczema is high. Against the background of advanced streptoderma with a weakened immune system, streptococcus can affect the joints, cause cardiovascular diseases and kidney failure.

Diagnostics

Diagnosis is based on visual examination. To confirm the diagnosis, a bacteriological examination of the separated conflict is sometimes prescribed with an additional determination of sensitivity to antibiotics. With a microscopic laboratory examination, a scraping is made from the diseased area of \u200b\u200bthe skin. Only after the discovery of pathogens, treatment is prescribed.

The differential diagnosis is established in comparison with pityriasis versicolor, eczema and dermatitis.

Prevention

For the prevention of streptoderma, personal hygiene is required. In case of skin injuries, even small ones (scratches, abrasions, cuts, bites), it is required to treat them with antiseptic agents. Do not forget also about the need to treat infectious diseases in time and lead a healthy lifestyle, because proper nutrition, sleep and walks in the fresh air increase the body's defenses.

Questions and answers

Question:What antibiotics should be given to children with streptoderma?

Answer: Hello. Broad-spectrum antibiotics are used, which should be prescribed only by the attending physician. .

Question:Hello. My son is 5 years old, goes to kindergarten, about a week ago he found a oozing sore about 0.5 cm in diameter on his buttock, they smeared it with tetracycline ointment and the sore went away. 3 days ago, exactly the same appeared next to the former sore, we went to see a doctor and were told that our son had a streptococcal skin infection and was prescribed only tetracycline ointment and not to wet. The next day I found that two more pimples appeared on my buttock, and in the morning they formed into the same sores. Can you please tell me if this disease is more serious than what the doctor told us? Maybe some medicine is needed to remove this infection from the inside of the body?

Answer: Hello. If the rashes that you describe can be regressed under the influence of antibacterial ointments, then this is undoubtedly pyoderma, a variety of which is streptoderma. In the treatment of recurrent, i.e. recurring streptoderma, I also use oral antibiotics and immunostimulants. However, their appointment requires a real examination of the child and control. Contact a dermatologist at the place of residence again and the doctor will select drugs of the appropriate profile to stop this process in the right dosage for this age.

Question:Hello. Our baby is 4 months old. We got the accds (second) habit, then dry pinkish spots appeared on the child’s shoulder. What to treat?

Answer: Hello. A full-time examination of a doctor is necessary, most likely - topical steroids (advantan) + emollients (emollium special cream).

Question:Hello. My child has streptoderma. What can you say about this infection, how to treat it, what are the consequences.

Answer: Hello. This is an infection caused by streptococci. It is characterized by the formation of spots and conflicts. The source of infection is a sick person. The infection is transmitted through close contact with the patient, in violation of the rules of personal hygiene, in the presence of purulent foci. In order to correctly and competently prescribe treatment, it is very important to examine the baby. Depending on the characteristics of the baby, various drugs are prescribed. And, if in one situation, they are effective, then in another they can only worsen the condition. For this reason, in conditions of remote communication, I cannot prescribe treatment.

Question:Hello. About ten days ago, my child (4 years old) developed small watery pimples in the nose area, which turned into a weeping pink spot, around which watery pimples appeared again. We were first diagnosed with herpes and prescribed acyclovir treatment (ointment and tablets). The treatment didn't help. At the next appointment, the pediatrician suspected streptoderma or chickenpox. She did not change the treatment, she only said that the newly appeared rashes should be smeared with brilliant green. Now the eldest daughter (7 years old) began to appear the same pimples, but not only on her face, but also in some places on her body. Both children had chicken pox three years ago. Please tell me, what is it all the same - herpes, streptodeomia, or did we get chickenpox again, and how should we be treated?

Answer: Hello. According to your description, it looks like streptoderma, but a herpes infection cannot be ruled out either. Dyes will help: FUCORCIN, METHYLENE BLUE, CASTELLANI PAINT, in extreme cases, green. Smear with dyes, and on top with acyclovir ointment, do not bathe children so as not to spread the infection.

Question:Hello. I was prescribed lincomycin ointment for the treatment of streptoderma, in pharmacies they say that it was discontinued. What can replace it?

Answer: Hello. For the treatment of streptoderma, the treatment of elements with aniline dyes is prescribed, as well as the use of antibacterial ointments. Unfortunately, I have no right to give advice on replacement, this is the prerogative of the treating doctor.

Streptoderma is a skin lesion as a result of infection with streptococci. The disease is dangerous and contagious. In children, when infected, characteristic red and purulent rashes appear on the face and other parts of the body.

Streptoderma is classified as an infectious-allergic disease. In summer, the risk of infection increases, as insects are carriers of streptococcus. But even in winter there is a possibility of infection during an epidemic of streptococcal infections - and.

Causes of streptoderma

Streptoderma is associated with a violation of the integrity of the skin. Children often fall, get microtrauma, scratch insect bites, so they are more susceptible to disease.

But there are always certain causes of streptoderma in children.

Decreased immunity

Streptococci are opportunistic pathogens and may be present in small amounts in a child's body. Against the background of weakened immunity, bacteria actively multiply and provoke the development of diseases, including streptoderma.

When bacteria enter from the outside, the body cannot cope on its own.

Neglect of personal hygiene rules

The causative agents of streptoderma are everywhere. They live on dirty toys, in dust, on dishes and clothes. The risk of infection increases under the following circumstances:

the child does not wash his hands;
food products are not subjected to purification and heat treatment;
clothes after the street are not washed and folded with clean things;
during the epidemic of tonsillitis, scarlet fever and SARS, a protective mask is not worn.

It is not surprising that streptoderma often occurs on the face of a child. Children have a habit of touching their faces with dirty hands, opening sores and scratches. This is how the “entrance” gates for infection are created.

Overwork, stress, vitamin deficiency

If a child is exposed to overstrain, does not receive proper nutrition, sleeps little, his body's defenses are reduced. Immunity is weakened, which becomes a favorable background for the reproduction of pathogenic bacteria. Streptococcus is no exception. Streptoderma in children often begins after a sharp change in the usual environment, moving, entering a new educational institution.

Streptoderma symptoms

After entering the body of streptococci, the first symptoms of streptoderma appear no earlier than after 7 days. The main manifestations are the formation of bubbles on the skin with a rapidly turbid liquid (conflict).

Bubbles appear at the initial stage of streptoderma, merge over time, then burst and dry out. In place of the conflict, bleeding cracks form. The surrounding skin dries and becomes inflamed. Often there are purulent formations.

In children, common symptoms of streptoderma are observed:

skin itching and burning;
pigmentation at the site of the foci of the disease;
malaise, lethargy, lack of appetite;
temperature increase;
inflammation of the lymph nodes.

Types of streptoderma

Remember that the manifestations of streptoderma vary depending on the type of disease caused by streptococcus.

lichen simplex

Most often occurs on the face of a child. The affected areas become rough and acquire a light pink color. The foci have rounded outlines with clear boundaries. Lichen partially disappears when exposed to ultraviolet light.

Streptococcal impetigo

These are solitary rashes that can merge together. They are located on the face and trunk, sometimes on the limbs. Conflicts after opening form gray crusts that fall off.

bullous impetigo

These are large conflicts that are localized on the hands, feet, outer side of the lower leg. After the opening of the bubbles, growing erosions form.

slit-like impetigo

This type of streptoderma is better known as seizures. Appears at the corners of the lips and eyes, sometimes at the wings of the nose. The rash turns into cracks with copper-yellow crusts, which quickly fall off, but may reappear. The disease is characterized by itching, salivation.

Tourniol

The disease is a companion of children who. Conflicts form around the nail plates and open with the formation of erosion in the form of a horseshoe.

Streptococcal diaper rash

The disease affects the skin folds, on which small bubbles form, merging into one "island". The skin at the site of the lesion becomes wet.

Erysipelatous inflammation of the skin

The most severe form of streptoderma. The so-called "erysipelas" begins with a sharp deterioration in the condition and an increase in temperature. In children, severe intoxication is observed, vomiting and convulsions occur. A growing pinkish spot appears at the site of the lesion. In infants, erysipelas is found on the navel, back, and folds.

At the first symptoms of streptoderma in children, begin immediate treatment. Remember that the disease is contagious and can lead to an epidemic surge. Streptococci are dangerous because, with a weakened immune system, they affect the joints, kidneys and heart.

How to treat streptoderma in children

If the disease is manifested by single foci, there are no signs of intoxication, then limit yourself to local therapy. Treatment of streptoderma is carried out at home, with the exception of severe skin lesions. In the latter case, hospitalization of the child is necessary.

Conflicts are opened with a sharp injection needle and treated with brilliant green or fucorcin. A dry bandage is applied to the inflamed surface. To remove the crusts, lubricate them with petroleum jelly - after a couple of hours they will easily go away.
For the treatment of streptoderma in children, in addition to formulations for treatment that destroy the infection, general strengthening drugs and vitamins are used. In a hospital with advanced forms of the disease, ultraviolet irradiation (UVR) of lesions and blood is still used.
During the treatment period, it is forbidden to take a bath, even a shower is limited. Wipe the child's skin with decoctions of herbs and dry.
Before treating streptoderma in a child, ensure the correct home regimen, which implies proper sleep and rest. Mandatory therapeutic diet, excluding sweets, fatty and spicy.
In the focus of infection (for example, a kindergarten), quarantine is prescribed for at least 10 days.
With a protracted course of the disease, antibiotics are prescribed.

Streptoderma in children is detected with the appearance of conflict. Conflicts are called bubbles with a cloudy sluggish film. Another name for the disease is streptococcal pyoderma.

Streptococci are oval Gram-positive bacteria, up to 1 µm in diameter. They are causative agents of streptoderma and quickly affect areas of the skin with abscesses. Bacteria lie in wait for the child everywhere: on the skin, clothes, toys, pet hair, personal items.

Streptoderma in children is caused by one of three types of streptococci:

green;
hemolytic;
non-hemolytic.

The disease should not be ignored. Streptoderma is contagious and is transmitted fairly quickly. Treatment is required. Streptoderma can be treated with folk remedies only in combination with drugs.

Streptoderma occurs in acute or chronic form. In both forms, the disease is equally contagious.

Forms of the disease differ in the depth and nature of the impact on the skin:

superficial form - streptococcal impetigo;
ulcerative or deep;
dry - ecthyma vulgaris;
intertriginous.

Intertriginous form characterized by the fact that it is formed in the folds, as well as the rollers of the skin in the form of a rash or redness.

Causes

The root cause of the disease is streptococcus. However, in order for the microorganisms of this family to be introduced into the body, the presence of conditionally pathogenic flora is necessary. Weak children's immunity likes the streptococcus invader. And wounds on the mucous membrane of the mouth, face, or a broken knee are unprotected paths through which the microbe enters the body.

Frequent causes:

streptococcus;
damaged skin;
non-observance of hygiene rules;
weak immunity;
contact with an infected child.

Children with streptoderma are able to pass it on to their parents or peers. For adults, the disease is also contagious and can occur with complications.

In hot summers, blood-sucking flying insects can quickly spread the disease. And in winter, streptoderma in children often manifests itself with colds. This is due to reduced immunity and a lack of vitamins.

The duration of the incubation period

If at school or kindergarten several children fell ill with streptoderma, it is necessary to leave the child at home for the quarantine period. In the event that the baby has already become infected, it is worth protecting communication with other children. The duration of the incubation period is from a week to ten days. For newborns, this period can be extended.

Sources of infection

Hemolytic A-streptococcus needs a permanent carrier of the infectious principle. Almost always, the source and carrier is not so much the habitat as the person himself.

Main sources:

sick person;
dishes from which the patient drank or ate;
school and kindergartens in which an outbreak of streptoderma occurs;
insects and animals;
dust;
personal items, any dirty surfaces.

As can be seen from the above list, streptococcus lives almost everywhere. Therefore, it is necessary to support the child's immunity. Try to teach him to follow the rules of personal hygiene.

Ways of infection

There are several routes of infection through which the disease is transmitted:

contact - upon contact of an infected interlocutor with damaged skin (hugs, games, handshakes);
contact household - streptoderma in children is transmitted through common items (utensils, towels, personal items);
airborne - when the microbial environment of the carrier interacts with the mucous membrane or skin of the child (during sneezing, coughing).

General symptoms and duration of the disease

Common symptoms:

elevated temperature up to 38 °C;
bad feeling;
headache;
weakness;
muscle and joint pain;
vomiting, nausea;
inflamed lymph nodes;
strange neoplasms on the skin;
burning or itching.

What happens to the skin

the appearance of pigmentation at the site of already transferred streptoderma;
bubbles with cloudy slurry inside;
sores;
redness or rash.

The duration of the disease depends entirely on the severity and form of the lesion. On average, at home, it lasts from 4 to 14 days.

Types of streptoderma

Forms of streptoderma are distinguished by the site of the focus of infection and the depth of the injury to the skin.

Form	Localization	Features of the flow
Streptococcal impetigo	Skin of the face, feet, hands, nose and other parts of the body	The most common form. Single small rashes. Symptoms are characterized by the appearance of conflicts. These are bubbles with cloudy slurry. The conflict is surrounded by an inflamed, dried rim. After 5-7 days, the bubble will deflate and acquire a yellow tint. After breaking off the crust, dark pink spots remain. The disease lasts 3 weeks.
bullous impetigo	Skin of hands, feet, shins	Hard to bear. Requires intensive treatment measures. Symptoms: the appearance of bull - large blisters is characteristic. Inside the bulla is a serous-purulent fluid. When the bubble subsides, open erosion forms. Lasts 4-5 weeks.
slit-like impetigo	In the corners of the mouth, nostrils, eyes (uncommon)	Another name for "zaed". Begins with the formation of a single bubble. At home, it is treated quickly. May be chronic. Lasts a week, without treatment - longer.
Erythematosquamous streptoderma	Skin of the face, body areas	Easy to carry. Dry streptoderma with red and pink spots covered with white exfoliating areas is contagious. Streptoderma in children lasts 1-2 weeks.
Tourniol (superficial panaritium)	Around the nails, cuticles, on the face (rare)	It occurs with a typical streptococcal impetigo, when a child bites his nails. Erosive red wounds appear. They swell and hurt. If not cured, then the nail plate can completely exfoliate. Requires prompt treatment.
Streptococcal diaper rash	In the folds (groin, armpits), behind the ear	Symptoms: appears against the background of diaper rash from heat, allergic and atopic dermatitis. Looks like diaper rash with blisters. Conflicts are connected, drying up, form cracks. Treated at home.
Streptococcal (vulgar) ecthyma	On the buttocks, legs, rarely - on the trunk, arms, face	Heavy form. Often appears after measles, chickenpox, SARS, intestinal infections. It is a complication of diabetes mellitus, hypovitaminosis, blood diseases. The body temperature rises, from which the state of health is disturbed. It looks like ulcers, erosions that affect several skin layers at the same time. Treatment is required.

Complications

Streptoderma in children rarely causes complications. If the disease is diagnosed at an early stage, there can be no complications.

However, the child can be overtaken by secondary sluggish diseases. Like guttate psoriasis. Its appearance is found in the formation of psoriatic plaques. They are localized on the limbs, affect the chest, scalp. Plaques do not immediately notice what causes psoriasis in its advanced form.

Scarlet fever may occur after treatment with streptococcal bacteria. She's contagious. With it, a high temperature is observed, the skin is affected by a red or pink rash.

Much less often there is infection of the blood with a bacterium - septicemia, as well as kidney disease - streptococcal glomerulonephritis. But according to statistics, the percentage of such complications is extremely small.

Diagnostics

An experienced dermatologist or pediatrician will be able to make an accurate diagnosis immediately after the examination. If in doubt, as well as to determine allergies to drugs, scraping or sowing of the infected area is prescribed. Treatment is prescribed immediately after finding out the sensitivity to antibiotics.

In the blood, an increase in ESR, leukocytes or a mutation of their structure to neutrophilia can be found.

Streptoderma in children sometimes requires additional and general referrals for tests:

biochemical, general blood tests;
feces for the presence of worms, their eggs;
general urine analysis;
analysis of the Wasserman reaction, as well as for HIV infection (to exclude background diseases).

Laboratory diagnostic methods:

smear microscopy from the site;
bacteriological analysis.

Bacteriological culture, as well as microscopy, is prescribed before taking an antibiotic.

Treatment

Treatment should be prepared by a dermatologist. It is important to transfer the patient to a hypoallergenic diet. Limit your baby's intake of starchy, sweet, fatty and spicy foods.

Forbidden:

wet the affected skin;
bathe a child
wear clothes made of unnatural fabric;
rip off dried areas with nails;
smear with creams;
contact with healthy children and adults;
scratch and touch the skin.

Any contact of water with the affected areas of the skin is prohibited. If the prohibition is neglected, the disease can spread further, despite treatment. Healthy parts of the body should be smeared with a decoction of chamomile, wiping with a towel. Do not wash your baby with soap or other detergents. You can bathe only when you cure the disease completely.

During the quarantine period, the wearing of synthetic, woolen clothes is excluded. Such tissue can provoke sweating or increase foci of infection. Clothing made from linen, cotton, and other natural fabrics is recommended.

To prevent streptoderma in children during the summer, try to dress them in light, non-rubbing clothes.

Local procedures

Antibacterial ointments and preparations are supposed to be applied to dried crusts of wounds.

It is necessary to carry out immunostimulating therapy: taking vitamins C, P, A, B; autohemotherapy (immunal, pyrogenal).

Local treatment includes drugs:

Ointments with antibiotics: streptocid, tetracycline, fucidin, levomekol, baneocin.
Ointments with glucocorticosteroids (with severe itching): advantan, lorinden.
Zinc paste and ointment with salicylic acid.
Antiseptics: methylene, chlorhexidine, levomycetin alcohol, miramistin, salicylic alcohol, rivanol, resorcinol, fucorcin, brilliant green, hydrogen peroxide.

Before processing bubbles, they must be carefully pierced. Before the procedure, treat the needle along with the wound. To cure the consequences of conflicts, it is recommended to apply ointments two to three times a day with a cotton swab.

Taking systemic antibiotics

Antibiotics of the penicillin series are often prescribed. Penicillin antibiotics:

Augmentin;
Amoxiclav;
Amoxicillin;
Flemoxin Solutab.

In case of allergy to penicillin, macrolides (for example, sumamed) or cephalosporins are prescribed.

Preparations - macrolides:

Azitrox;
Sumamed;
Clarithromycin;
Clindamycin;
Erythromycin;
Ecomed.

Cephalosporins:

Suprax;
Cefalexime;
Cefuroxime.

Folk methods

Grandmothers and mothers have always treated us with folk remedies for colds. But streptoderma cannot be cured in this way. Despite this, folk remedies you will help the child cope with itching and general malaise.

Sometimes folk remedies are used in complex treatment:

The gruel from the leaves of crushed red currant helps to remove the effects of irritation with folk remedies. Areas need to be smeared twice a day.
Honey, diluted with freshly squeezed pomegranate juice, relieves itching. A decoction of oak bark is moistened with damaged skin.
Herbal teas from currants, mint, chamomile, lemon balm, as well as nettles will strengthen the immune system during the incubation period.
Decoctions of rose hips, sea buckthorn or hawthorn should be drunk in small quantities to calm the nervous system.
A mixture of olive oil, along with a decoction of alder leaves, is heated, then the body parts are smeared.

Remember that folk methods should treat the disease only in combination with drugs prescribed by a dermatologist!

Physiotherapy

Streptoderma in children sometimes requires the appointment of physiotherapy in complex treatment:

ultraviolet irradiation (required for small lesions)
ultraviolet irradiation of blood (with systemic damage).

Prevention

Streptoderma in children in kindergartens takes a long time. Because the disease is contagious for both children and adults. During an outbreak, try to isolate healthy children from sick children. Often infections occur in educational institutions and kindergartens.

The quarantine lasts ten days or longer. It depends on the time of processing of premises and things, as well as the number of infected people. The disease is dangerous for babies. She needs to be cured completely.

A balanced diet, optimal vitamin intake, exercise and good personal hygiene help to restore the immune system. This will reduce the chance of infection.

Sometimes parents confuse the symptoms of streptoderma in children with other skin inflammations. A consultation with a dermatologist will save you from reckless home treatment with suspicious drugs or folk remedies. Take your child to the doctor and follow the medical treatment of the disease for as long as necessary. Do not prescribe drugs on your own.

It is impossible to bathe a child during the period of illness and treatment.

Do not forget to carry out wet cleaning and thorough treatment with detergents in the patient's room, so as not to become infected yourself, and also to avoid re-infection.