How to treat chronic gardnerellosis in women? How to treat gardnerellosis: antibiotics, oral and vaginal drugs, traditional medicine.

Gardnerellosis is an inflammatory disease of the genitourinary system. The causative agent is the vaginal gardnerella, but the infection can also be transmitted to men. This condition occurs against the background of weakened immunity with an imbalance in the intestinal microflora. How to treat gardnerella in women, and how to recognize it in time?

Gardnerella: the essence of the pathological process

The genitourinary system of girls is a very delicate system, so any internal or external disturbances can provoke changes.

The first signs of imbalance appear in the microflora, while the reproduction of pathogenic bacteria leads to various diseases.

Gardnerellosis is one of the most common female diseases. This is an acute inflammatory process in the vagina and lower parts of the genitourinary system. Gardnerella vaginalis in women reproduces in the vagina under certain conditions, but is transmitted to a man during sexual intercourse. In this case, the representative of the stronger sex becomes a carrier of the infection.

It is important to understand that the required amount of these bacteria is constantly in the microflora and they do not cause concern. Infection and the inflammatory process occurs with their overwhelming number and active reproduction. This process occurs as a result of an insufficient amount of lactobacilli and the lactic acid produced by them. An imbalance in the microflora and an increase in the number of harmful microorganisms provoke a disease.

The key danger of gardnerella can be identified by the fact that it is an anaerobe, retains its vital activity in any condition and is difficult to treat, being resistant to a large number of antibiotics.

Gardnerella can act as a provoking factor in the disease or a complication as a result of another pathology.

How does gardnerellosis manifest itself in women and men?

Gardnerella is a vaginal bacterium. In the body of a man, she retains her vital activity, but does not multiply. Therefore, the symptoms of the disease in representatives of different sexes are significantly different.

In the fairer sex, this disease occurs quite often, but about 50% of patients experience its asymptomatic form.

The first signs of the disease begin to actively signal themselves already at an advanced stage, when the infection moves to another, more extensive localization. The clinical picture of gardnerellosis in women has the following symptoms:

• vaginal discharge is white or yellow, unlike thrush, they do not have a curd structure;
• the discharge has a sharp unpleasant odor, and hygiene procedures help to get rid of it for only a few hours;
• increasing itching and burning in the vaginal area;
• soreness and burning during urination, itching after urination.

In men, the clinical picture is significantly different. Almost all representatives of the stronger sex are faced with an asymptomatic form. They are only carriers of infection.

Gardnerella settle on the epithelial layer and move into the vagina of a healthy girl during intercourse.

The disease can manifest itself symptomatically in men as a result of a severely weakened immune system or with an exacerbation of a chronic process in the genitourinary system. In this case, the signs of gardnerellosis coincide with the symptoms of urethritis and appear in the following form:

• uncharacteristic discharge from the urethra;
• discomfort and slight burning sensation when urinating;
• itching in the urogenital canal;
• slight swelling of the external genitalia.

As a result of a long-term neglected infection, a man is likely to develop prostatitis or balanoposthitis. In this case, a diagnosis is made for the bacterial nature of the disease.

Video "What is gardnerellosis?"

Causes of gardnerella in women

Gardnerellosis causes vaginal dysbacteriosis, as a result, there is a possibility of infection of the internal genital tract. Thus, the girl develops colpitis, vaginitis, dysplasia of the cervix and ducts, and these are extremely dangerous diseases. Therefore, in order to protect yourself from a possible defeat, you need to know the causes of gardnerella in women.

The key triggering factors are:

• a sharp or regular decrease in immunity, such a condition is observed after past illnesses;
• promiscuous sex, this includes a large number of partners and unprotected intercourse;
• frequent use of antibiotics;
• the use of local antiseptic preparations that can affect the microflora;
• use of intrauterine contraceptives;
• prolonged and uncontrolled use of contraceptives;
• hormonal imbalance in a woman's body (activated during menopause and menopause);
• diseases of the reproductive system of a chronic form;
• STDs;
• and other pathologies of the endocrine system that can cause hormonal disorders;
• HIV and AIDS;
• oncological processes in the genitourinary system.

At risk are girls who have an active sex life with many partners, while refusing to use condoms. Patients with chronic diseases are also at greater risk.

What is the danger of gardnerella?

Gardnerella is a very dangerous bacterium that can cause a number of pathological processes. Therefore, you should not decide on your own how to treat gardnerella in women, you must urgently consult a doctor. Only a specialist will conduct a complete diagnosis, confirm the presence of infection and prescribe treatment according to a clear scheme. Self-medication can be dangerous and lead to increased infection.

If active therapeutic methods are not taken, then there is a possibility of developing more serious inflammatory processes.

Complications of gardnerella are such conditions:

• vaginitis or inflammation in the vagina;
• acute endometritis (inflammation of the uterine mucosa);
• inflammation of the fallopian tubes and ovaries;
• mucosal erosion.

Gardnerellosis also has a negative effect on conception and can affect the course of pregnancy. This infection leads to adverse effects during abortions and other surgical interventions.

Diagnosis of the disease

Diagnosis begins with a complete history taking. A woman, noticing dangerous symptoms in herself, should immediately go to the doctor and tell about their presence. To confirm or refute the diagnosis, a smear is done.

This is the most effective method to date, other diagnostic procedures do not accurately determine the presence of bacterial microflora. In addition, it is carried out in any laboratory, so women do not need to go anywhere and look for specialized clinics for analysis.

It can be used to determine several factors at once:

• the presence and level of gardnerella in the microflora, with a smear they leave a thick mark on the glass;
• reaction to isonitrile, the introduction of a special reagent to confirm gardnerella;
• the pH level of the internal microflora and the level of the acidic environment;
• the presence of other pathogenic microorganisms that can cause infection.

Other diagnostic procedures are ineffective and not needed.

Additional studies are prescribed if it is impossible to determine the cause of the disease or there is a possibility of an additional complication. In this case, a general blood and urine test is also given to determine the level of leukocytes.

If a woman has gardnerella in a smear, the doctor conducts an examination using an optical device. This method is called colposcopy, and it allows you to consider the level of infection of the cervix and other organs of the reproductive system. As a result, the stage of the disease is determined, and a treatment regimen is prescribed.

Gardnerellosis during pregnancy: what should be feared?

Everyone knows that during pregnancy, the hormonal background in a woman's body changes significantly.

As a result, the number of lactobacilli increases, and this, in turn, provokes the improvement of the internal microflora.

The acidic environment becomes much more intense, destroys all harmful microorganisms, this is the body's natural defense against infection entering the uterus. Therefore, gardnerella in women during pregnancy is much less common than in the normal state.

However, gynecologists insist on intensive diagnostics and preventive checks. In rare cases, the disease can actively develop, causing dangerous complications.

The direct effect of infection on the fetus does not occur due to internal protection, but there is a possibility of developing other, no less dangerous conditions:

• termination of pregnancy in the early stages;
• premature birth;
• postpartum endometritis and sepsis;
• infection of the child during passage through the birth canal.

Therefore, when determining the diagnosis, the doctor prescribes therapy. It provides for delicate, but at the same time effective and cardinal methods for the destruction of the bacterial environment of the vagina.

Antibacterial therapy in the early stages of pregnancy is prohibited, so doctors often resort to folk antiseptic and anti-inflammatory drugs. Local antiseptics are usually used, but they should be used only with the permission of the attending physician. In the second and third trimester, in the most difficult cases, the use of antibiotics is allowed.

How to treat gardnerellosis according to the scheme?

Although the symptoms of the disease do not always appear, and in most cases it does not greatly disturb the woman, it should not be left unattended. Specialists have developed special treatment regimens depending on the stage and cause of gardnerellosis.

The most common treatment regimen is the following technique, consisting of three stages:

1. Complete destruction of the bacterium gardnerella vaginalis.
2. Restoration of the natural microflora of the vagina with an optimal pH level.
3. Immunostimulating therapy for general strengthening effect.

The key is the first stage, it can last from 5 to 20 days, and during this time various agents are prescribed to destroy the pathogen. In most cases, antibacterial agents are used.

At the first stages, it is planned to check the sensitivity of the bacteria to the antibiotic. Three types of bacteria are used for gardnerellosis:

• broad-spectrum agents - such drugs are capable of killing all pathogenic microflora, including ureaplasma, gardnerella, staphylococcus and others;
• imidazoles and their derivatives - such funds are aimed at the destruction of gardnerella and trichomonas, which are also able to become more active against the background of a primary infection;
• antiseptics - such funds are prescribed in the case when you can do without antibiotics, they act more gently, while destroying fungi.

The course of antibiotics lasts in different ways, from 5 to 10 days, while the dosage is prescribed exclusively by the doctor.

Suppositories and vaginal suppositories are often additionally prescribed. They act locally, only on the genitals, while not penetrating into the general bloodstream. Such methods of treatment are prescribed for women in position and as auxiliary in general therapy.

After the complete destruction of the gardnerella, therapy according to the scheme continues. Its goal is to restore the normal internal microflora and increase local immunity.

Therefore, the following remedies are prescribed by the doctor:

• lactobacilli in the form of vaginal suppositories to normalize the pH level;
• immunostimulants to increase the level of protection.

General therapy can last from two weeks to several months.

What drugs are used in the treatment of gardnerellosis?

Gynecologists do not recommend self-medication, and even more so independently use antibacterial agents. It is important to understand that the infection has an individual character, therefore, it demonstrates its nature in each organism. There is no single scheme, different medicines can be prescribed for different women.

The most common drugs for the treatment of gardnerella are divided into two types: oral and external. Commonly used internal antibacterial agents:

• from the group of metronidazoles: Bacimex, Metronidazole, Metronidal, Siprogil, Trichopolum, Klion;
• from the group of azithromycins: Azimycin, Zitrolid, Sumamed, Azitral, Azitrocin, Zetomax;
• from the group of clindamycins: Clindamycin, Clindamycin, Dalacin.

Ineffective drugs include antibiotics to which gardnerella has developed sensitivity, namely drugs from the group of tetracyclines, macroliths, cephalosporins. If other microorganisms join the key infection, complex agents of general action are prescribed.

Preparations for external use are used in the form of suppositories, vaginal tablets, gels and ointments. Ointments are also used based on antibiotics and antiseptics.

The following drugs are considered popular:

• candles Hexicon and Hexicon D;
• antiseptic solution Chlorhexidine;
• metronidazole gel;
• clindamycin ointment;
• active biological preparation Lactobacterin.

Treatment of gardnerella folk remedies

Before starting active treatment of gardnerella and ureaplasma with alternative methods, it is worth coordinating the scheme with a gynecologist. Experts do not exclude the effectiveness of these funds, but it is better to use them as auxiliary ones.

Folk remedies are a wide range of antiseptic decoctions and infusions for effective control of the pathogen. All of them are used topically by douching.

The most common folk recipes for an antiseptic procedure:

• douching with hydrogen peroxide - only a 1% solution is used and the procedure is carried out twice a day, no more than 7 days in a row;
• douching with Chlorhexidine, a pharmaceutical preparation is used, is carried out no more than twice a day;
• a decoction of chamomile, for cooking, you need to take 50 grams of chamomile and 0.5 liters of boiled water, this solution should be enough for two doses;
• tea tree oil - two or three drops should be dissolved in 1 tablespoon of milk and applied topically, do the procedure at night for three weeks, this method is used for treatment and prevention;
• infusion of oak bark, used by douching, to prepare the infusion, you need to take 10 grams of dry material per 200 ml of boiling water (this is a single dose), a full course with daily use at night is a week;
• sea ​​buckthorn oil - it is used in the form of warming tampons, you need to put them only at night for 7-10 days (you can buy the product at a pharmacy or cook it yourself);
• a decoction from the collection of antiseptic herbs - to combat gardnerella, chamomile, calendula and sage are used in equal proportions.

Doubtful and untested methods are best not to use, this can cause a more extensive infection and lead to various complications.

Prevention of gardnerellosis

In order not to select complex treatment regimens, it is better to carry out diagnostic and preventive measures in time.

As a preventive measure, every woman must follow a few key rules:

• constantly take care of your immunity, in a healthy body, harmful infections multiply much less frequently;
• lead a healthy lifestyle and pay special attention to proper nutrition;
• rejection of bad habits;
• rational use of medications, only as directed by a doctor and in accordance with the instructions;
• lead a decent lifestyle, sexual relations should be only with a permanent partner, protection during sex is of great importance;
• compliance with hygiene measures for the care of the genitals;
• timely visit a doctor for preventive purposes.

Video "Methods of treating gardnerellosis in women"

Women's health is the most burning topic among beautiful ladies. Any pathological changes (pain, discharge, smell) often cause a woman to panic, make her run to the pharmacy and buy the advertised products.

However, not a single commercial, not a single friend who “knows exactly how to treat, because she had exactly the same thing,” will diagnose and prescribe the right treatment. Although some diseases - thrush, gardnerellosis - are not so dangerous (do not cause), their treatment is necessary to restore comfortable sensations and prevent undesirable consequences.

Gardnerellosis: what is it?

Almost everyone has heard about the microflora of the vagina: "useful" lactic acid bacteria live here, keeping conditionally pathogenic microorganisms (including gardnerella) in a weakened state.

It is the weakening of local immunity that provokes mass reproduction, primarily of fungi, gardnerella and other anaerobes. As a result of an imbalance in the vaginal microflora, a woman develops unpleasant symptoms.

The anaerobic bacterium Gardnerella vaginalis is found in small amounts in the vagina of even a healthy woman. Only a large amount of it and the acquisition of aggressive properties leads to a disease - let's take a closer look at what it is.

Gardnerellosis is one of the varieties of vaginal dysbacteriosis. Statistics: every fifth woman suffers from gardnerellosis (bacterial vaginosis).

Gardnerellosis: causes

Since gardnerellosis is a bacterial infection, it can be contracted through sexual intercourse. However, this disease should not be attributed purely to sexually transmitted infections.

Although the most common route of infection is still sexual, other provoking factors should not be ruled out. The occurrence of gardnerellosis in women occurs for the following reasons:

• decrease in general immunity (chronic infections, stress);
• massive antibiotic therapy, which provokes the death of lactobacilli in the intestine and vagina;
• hormonal disruptions: pregnancy,;
• urinary tract infections;
• taking hormonal contraceptives and drugs with 9-nonoxynol (Patentex Oval), antidepressants, corticosteroids;
• and other endocrine pathologies;
• insufficient intimate hygiene;
• frequent douching with antiseptics Chlorhexidine, Miramistin.

Bacterial vaginosis is more common among women who frequently change sexual partners and do not use condoms. In this case, there is a serious risk of simultaneous infection with gardnerella, gonococcus, ureoplasma and other infectious agents.

The incubation period of gardnerellosis in women is from 4 to 10 days. The first thing the patient pays attention to:

• The smell of "rotten fish" from the vagina, causing serious discomfort and forcing you to repeat washing up to 5-6 times a day. However, the alkaline environment of soap only exacerbates the situation: the smell becomes more and more pungent, the periods of "cleanliness" (lack of an unpleasant smell) are shorter and shorter. The specific smell is caused by the breakdown of amines, a waste product of gardnerella.
• Slight discharge from the vagina whitish-gray or.

The onset of bacterial vaginosis is similar to the development of other infections. Therefore, when the first pathological changes appear, you should consult a gynecologist.

Symptoms of gardnerellosis in women

The development of the disease leads to the appearance of other symptoms:

• burning and itching in the perineum;
• soreness, spilled over the lower abdomen (indicates the development of an inflammatory process in the vagina);
• pain/discomfort during intercourse;
• runoff along the walls of the vagina into the perineum;
• signs of cystitis.

Noticed: the symptoms of the disease are aggravated immediately after sexual intercourse. Sperm, having an alkaline reaction, is an excellent breeding ground for bacteria.

Diagnosis of the disease on the clinical picture is quite difficult. Often, the disease develops simultaneously with vaginal candidiasis (thrush), often accompanied by infection, gonococcus.

Diagnostics

Before prescribing treatment for gardnerellosis in a woman, the doctor takes into account the symptoms and complaints, during a gynecological examination, a vaginal secretion is taken for examination:

• a smear (in most cases it is sufficient, microscopic examination reveals gardnerella and counts its amount);
• assessment of the pH of the vagina (in case of a disease, an alkaline environment is fixed, the pH increases);
• isonitrile test (detects a large number of bacteria).

Conducting studies of PIF (direct immunofluorescence) and PCR (DNA diagnostics) is not advisable. When making a diagnosis, it is not the detection of gardnerella that is important, but its quantity.

The main and mandatory method of treatment of bacterial vaginosis is antibiotic therapy.

Treatment regimen for gardnerellosis in women:

• oral preparations - Metronidazole (Trichopolum, Klion) 250 mg twice a day (incompatible with alcohol!) Or Clindamycin 150 mg twice a day, course - 1 week;
• local treatment - Metronidazole in gel (tampons in the morning / evening) or suppositories, Clindamycin cream once a day, the duration of application is 7 days.

In women, treatment with drugs of the penicillin group (Ampicillin) is possible. Gardnerella is resistant to tetracyclines (Doxycycline, Tetracycline), cephalosporins (Claforan, Ceftriaxone), sulfonamides (Septrin, Biseptol), aminoglycosides (Neomycin, Kanamycin).

When diagnosing a disease, her sexual partner is also treated at the same time. Often, bacterial vaginosis, combined with candidiasis, requires simultaneous antifungal therapy.

In this case, suppositories for gardnerellosis are prescribed, which have a combined antifungal / antibacterial composition (Clomezol, Gynotran), vaginal tablets (Terzhinan, Mikozhinaks) are also effective.

Treatment of gardnerellosis in women at home on a course of antibiotics and a "clean" re-analysis does not end. To exclude the subsequent reproduction of bacteria, it is necessary to restore the vaginal microflora and thereby strengthen the local immune defense.

For this, medications such as Vagilak (vaginal capsules) and Epigen-intim (gel) are used. The average duration of application is 2 weeks.

The unpleasant consequences of gardnerellosis mostly concern pregnant women. Complications of this infection include:

• pyelonephritis, chronic cystitis;
• endometritis (including postpartum), inflammation of the appendages;
• bleeding during pregnancy and premature birth;
• infection of the fetus during childbirth (pneumonia), low weight of the newborn.

Prevention

• Proper hygiene: timely change of pads and tampons during menstruation, washing twice a day with neutral products, avoiding intimate deodorants.
• Clothing hygiene: Avoid tight pants and synthetic underwear.
• Sexual hygiene: contraception (condoms), long-term relationships.
• Health hygiene: strengthening immunity, treatment of chronic infections and hormonal disorders.
• Preventive check-ups twice a year.
• Lifestyle hygiene: good nutrition, stress resistance.

Gardnerellosis is an acute inflammatory disease of the genitourinary system in men and women associated with vaginal gardnerella. The causative agent is the anaerobic bacterium gardnerella, which is part of the vaginal microflora (less than 1% of the living microorganisms). A change in the composition of the microflora causes the development of candidiasis, gardnerellosis and other non-inflammatory diseases of the female reproductive system.

The bacterium belongs to facultative anaerobes, capable of rapidly multiplying, destroying the normal flora in the vagina. The microorganism is resistant to standard antibiotics, which makes therapy difficult when the disease occurs.

Gardnerellosis is common among women who have multiple sexual partners. The disease is sexually transmitted, as men are carriers of the infection. The contact-household mechanism of distribution is unlikely.

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Symptoms of gardnerellosis

Symptoms in women

In half of the patients who were diagnosed with gardnerellosis, the clinical picture of the disease is absent. However, being carriers, these women become sources of infection for men, and also pose a danger to their own newborns.

Symptoms of the disease:

• copious discharge from the vagina of a white or yellowish color;
• unpleasant smell of discharge and in the vagina (reminiscent of rotten fish);
• subjective sensations in the vagina (itching and burning);
• burning during or immediately after urination.

Unlike thrush (vaginal candidiasis), discharge from gardnerellosis is not similar to cheesy plaque. Also, there are no pronounced discomfort during or after sex.

Symptoms in men

Men infected by women are asymptomatic carriers of the disease and are not even aware that they have gardnerellosis. This is due to the fact that the microorganism infects squamous epithelial cells, which are present in the vagina, but are deficient in men.

Gardnerellosis in men occurs when there is a strong decrease in immunity. The disease manifests itself with typical signs of urethritis:

• discomfort when urinating;
• inflammatory phenomena (swelling and hyperemia);
• discharge from the urethra;
• itching and burning in the urethra.

These signs are weakly expressed and are fully manifested in the presence of concomitant pathologies.

Sometimes men develop prostatitis - inflammation of the prostate gland or balanoposthitis - inflammation of the glans penis and both layers of the foreskin. However, such variants of pathology are characterized by poor and sluggish symptoms.

Treatment of gardnerellosis

The treatment regimen for gardnerellosis includes two stages:

At the first stage, an excessive amount of gardnerella in the genital tract is destroyed. Therefore, the main drugs at the beginning of treatment are the specific antibiotics metronidazole and clindamyci, which are prescribed for topical use in the form of gels, ointments or vaginal tablets for 7-10 days.

Treatment of pregnant women with antibiotics is different: in the first trimester, therapy is carried out with ampicillin, and in the second - with metronidazole. Pregnant women should not be prescribed clindamycin, due to the toxic effect on the fetus. Treatment should not be delayed until the baby is born, as the infection provokes premature birth and complications in the health of the mother and child.

After the destruction of pathogenic bacteria, at the second stage of treatment, the normal microflora of the vagina, which has suffered due to antibiotic therapy, is restored. For this purpose, vaginal suppositories containing lactobacilli are prescribed:

• Acylact;
• Lactonorm;
• Lactobacterin.

Sometimes oral medication is also possible. To achieve the result, it is recommended to follow a diet. During treatment, exclude from the diet:

• spicy and fried foods;
• alcohol;
• sweet.

In addition, more fermented milk products containing lactobacilli are added to the diet: yoghurts and kefirs.

Sometimes, against the background of bacterial vaginosis, women develop intestinal dysbacteriosis. For the purpose of prevention, a course of probiotics is prescribed:

• Linex;
• Enterogermina;
• Bifidumbacterin.

It is also useful to prescribe immunomodulators, since the disease often occurs against a background of weakened immunity. As a rule, natural-based preparations (for example, echinacea) are used.

During treatment, sexual contact is prohibited. The key to effective treatment of gardnerellosis is the examination of the sexual partner to prevent reinfection.

Monitoring the effectiveness of therapy is carried out 10 days after the start, if necessary, the preparations are corrected.

Folk remedies for the treatment of gardnerellosis

At home, gardnerellosis is treated with herbs and plants. Medicines are prepared easily, while the positive results of alternative treatment appear quickly.

Here are six popular recipes for folk remedies for the treatment of gardnerellosis:

• Mix 100 g of chamomile with 100 g of sage and the same amount of calendula. Pour 300 g of the collection with 2 liters of water and boil over low heat for 30 minutes. Cool the prepared liquid and use for douching. For one douching procedure - at least 100 ml of healing liquid.
• Steam 100 g of dry pharmaceutical chamomile in 1 liter of hot water, set aside for 60 minutes, strain and use for irrigation. The tool will help destroy harmful bacteria and strengthen the body.
• After the onset of gardnerellosis, it is advised to douche with the help of oak bark - pour 200 g of raw materials with 1 liter of boiling water, cook over medium heat for half an hour and strain. Each time for douching, use 1 glass of this drug. During the day, do at least 2 such procedures.
• 50 g of elecampane root mixed with the same amount of wormwood herb, licorice roots and raspberry leaves. Steam 100 g of the collection in 1 liter of boiling water and set aside for 9 hours. Use the resulting consistency for douching twice a day.
• In the same amount, mix the crushed bergenia root with clover flowers; eucalyptus leaves; tansy flowers; bearberry leaves; wintergreen grass; coltsfoot leaves; mint herb and lamb herb. Pour 2 tablespoons of the crushed mixture with 1 liter of boiling water and set aside overnight. You need to drink such a remedy for half a glass three times a day before meals.
• Calendula tea is recommended to strengthen the body and saturate it with useful trace elements in bacterial vaginosis. Pour 100 g of calendula with 1 liter of boiling water and wait until the liquid has cooled. You can drink this tea warm throughout the day. Positive results usually appear quickly.

Causes of gardnerellosis

Gardnerellosis occurs when the composition of the vaginal microflora changes. The number of beneficial microorganisms (lactobacilli) inhabiting this organ decreases, and the number of conditionally pathogenic, pathogenic bacteria increases. This imbalance can be caused by both internal and external causes.

Internal causes

• hormonal changes in the body;
• reduced immunity;
• chronic fatigue, overwork, stress;
• inflammatory processes of the genitourinary sphere;
• intestinal dysbiosis.

External causes

• malnutrition;
• taking antibiotics and hormonal drugs;
• the use of flavored hygiene products;
• wearing tight synthetic underwear;
• frequent change of sexual partners;
• unprotected intercourse;
• venereal diseases.

The disease is transmitted from a sick mother to her child, usually a girl at the time of birth, but newborn children are not diagnosed like this. To prevent the onset of symptoms of the disease, the infant is prescribed drug therapy.

The likelihood of infection with gardnerellosis increases in women who are sexually active, often change partners and ignore barrier types of contraception. The natural balance of microflora is also disturbed due to the frequent use of vaginal products and birth control pills.

Complications of gardnerellosis

In most patients, gardnerellosis does not lead to complications, and quickly disappears after a course of antibiotic treatment. But, sometimes the disease gives dangerous consequences. Undertreated or chronic gardnerellosis causes:

• endometritis;
• salpingitis;
• inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs.

Gardnerellosis causes complications during pregnancy, including:

• premature rupture of membranes;
• premature birth;
• chorioamnionitis;
• postpartum endometritis.

In addition, gardnerellosis increases the risk of contracting HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases.

Diagnosis of gardnerellosis

For the diagnosis of gardnerellosis in women, laboratory studies of secretions and desquamated cells of the vaginal mucosa are used. The presence of the disease is indicated by an increase in the acidity of the vaginal environment above 4.5 pH, a positive amine test confirming an increased number of anaerobic bacteria, as well as the detection of Gardnerella vaginalis microorganisms in the desquamated cells of the vaginal epithelium.

In itself, the presence of a pathogenic bacterium is not yet a symptom of gardnerellosis, since small amounts of a pathogenic microorganism are also allowed in a healthy person.

An informative method for the quantitative determination of gardnerellosis in women is the PCR technology (polymer chain reaction), which is also used in the diagnosis of gardnerellosis in men for the analysis of urine, semen, scraping of the urogenital tract and prostate secretion. PCR sensitivity up to 100%.

Differential Diagnosis

I differentiate Gardnerellosis with other diseases of the genitourinary system, with similar symptoms:

• fungal infection of the genital tract;
• trichomoniasis;
• gonorrhea;
• nonspecific inflammatory process.

Forecast and prevention of gardnerellosis

If the treatment of gardnerellosis is started on time, the vaginal microflora is restored after 2-4 weeks. If gardnerellosis is not treated, the risk increases:

• inflammation of the appendages;
• infertility;
• premature birth;
• complications during pregnancy.

Prevention of gardnerellosis implies the absence of stress, hypothermia, douching, as well as healthy sleep, proper nutrition, walking in the air, wearing cotton underwear, using a condom during casual sex. It should be periodically examined by a gynecologist for the condition of the vaginal microflora, and if a violation occurs, correct it with a course of treatment.

Preventive measures against gardnerellosis include:

• having one sexual partner;
• refusal to use intrauterine devices;
• prevention of inflammatory processes in the genital tract;
• the use of antibiotics according to strict indications, followed by correction of dysbacteriosis;
• exclusion of too early onset of sexual activity.

Questions and answers on the topic "Gardnerellosis"

Hello. By PCR, my husband was found to have gardnerella and ureaplasma parvum. The doctor said Gardnerell did not need to be treated, but ureaplasma is possible (although it is parvum that is not dangerous), but if we are planning children, it is better to treat it. They prescribed the antibiotic Unidox Solutab for 10 days to him and me and Linex according to the scheme. Question: Do I need to be tested for gardnerella? As I understand it, women must treat her. I haven't started taking antibiotics yet.

This is necessary to prevent reinfection, and when planning a pregnancy, it is mandatory.

Hello. I was diagnosed with gardrenellez, but no treatment was prescribed. Can I treat myself and with what drugs should I start?

Hello! Self-medication is dangerous to health. Medicines can only be prescribed by the attending physician. Why didn't you receive treatment? Ask this question to your doctor or change it.

Good afternoon He underwent a course of treatment for Gardnerellosis (drank metrodinazole 2 * 2 times a day for 10 days, installations in the canal, injections with transfusion into the buttocks). The course ended on Monday 14 August. The next day there was a PCR analysis, done just in case for all STDs. Gardnerellosis showed a positive result, all the rest - negative. The doctor said to take control after 2 weeks. Today is Friday and I feel the symptoms that appeared before and during the treatment (discomfort in the head area, sometimes a little redness, and most importantly - frequent urge to urinate. The question is - should I wait for a control analysis in 2 weeks and hope that the symptoms will pass? Or insist on continuing treatment only with other drugs, given that another week has not passed since taking metrodinazole.Thanks in advance!

Hello! Treatment of gardnerellosis is considered complete when symptoms disappear and laboratory criteria normalize. You need to draw the attention of the attending physician to the preservation (return) of complaints.

Hello! If the infection is not detected in time, what complications can there be?

Hello! Read about the consequences of untreated gardnerellosis in the section.

Hello! I am 50 years old and I was diagnosed with Gardnerellosis, the doctor prescribed me Lavomax tablets and Viferon rectal suppositories. I have been taking the drugs for 10 days, but the symptoms do not disappear. I don’t know what to do.

Hello! The treatment regimen for gardnerellosis includes two stages: at the first stage, an excessive amount of gardnerella in the genital tract is destroyed. Therefore, the main drugs at the beginning of treatment are the specific antibiotics metronidazole and clindamycin, which are prescribed for topical use in the form of gels, ointments or vaginal tablets for 7-10 days. After the destruction of pathogenic bacteria, at the second stage of treatment, the normal microflora of the vagina is restored. Vaginal suppositories with lactobacilli are prescribed. Report treatment failure to your doctor.

Hello! For the first time, gardnerella was discovered at the 20th week of pregnancy, after childbirth they began to treat it. No other diseases were detected, my husband was checked, he is clean! During these six months, I was prescribed from the drugs: metronidazole, polygynex, dalacin, vaginorm-s, polyoxidonium, salvagin. I was told not to use panty liners as they can also cause gardnerella. I have no smell, and the discharge is not particularly disturbing. Just according to the analyzes, there are more of them now, already 11.6. Now metronidazole was prescribed again, only once for 2 years. How long should I take the test to see if there is a result? Can this crap be cured?

Hello! You probably already know everything about gardnerella. This is a symptom of bacterial vaginosis. They do not apply to sexually transmitted infections. The cause of gardnerella is a change in the microbiocenosis of the vagina against the background of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, unreasonable use of antibiotics, douching. Bacvaginosis is based on a decrease in immunity. You were on a standard treatment regimen. The examination of the husband is not relevant. I advise you to check the condition of the intestines, pay attention to digestion. Donate blood for glucose, and if necessary, you will have to exclude the presence of helminths. That is, everything that can provoke bacterial vaginosis. During the examination, local intimate hygiene products (tantum rose, epigen intim), interferon preparations with antioxidants C, E (viferon), as well as probiotics (bion-3) can be prescribed.

Hello! My girlfriend was diagnosed with gardnerellosis. As a result, I was prescribed the following treatment: clarithromycin 500 once a day (10 days), metronidazole twice a day (10 days), bifiform 2 capsules twice a day. I didn't get tested. There are doubts about the correctness of the prescribed tablets. Are there too many antibiotics for the male body, if they write everywhere that this infection in men does not linger and is washed out in a natural way?

Hello! That's right, you don't need treatment.

Gardnerella vaginalis are facultative microorganisms that may be present in small amounts in the microflora of a healthy adult woman.

What kind of disease is gardnerellosis that affects the female body and causes severe discomfort?

Under certain conditions, the cells of the microbe begin to actively multiply and displace the beneficial microflora that protects the vagina from infection. If the infectious agent enters the body from the outside, then its incubation period is from 3 to 10 days. But infection does not always lead to the development of the disease, the bacterium can settle on the mucous membrane and coexist peacefully with other microbes for a long time.

Causes of gardnerellosis

There are both endogenous and exogenous risk factors for bacterial vaginosis. It occurs when the natural balance is disturbed and there is a rapid reproduction of pathogenic microorganisms, including gardnerella in the vagina.

External causes that can trigger bacterial vaginosis include:

• Diet with insufficient content of sour-milk products, consumption of large amounts of carbohydrates and sweets.
• Changing a sexual partner, even if he does not have health problems and sexually transmitted diseases, the body still needs to get used to the new microflora during sexual contact.
• The presence of sexually transmitted diseases, which disrupts the balance of microflora in the vagina.
• Environmental problems that adversely affect the state of the whole organism, including the genitourinary system.
• The use of antibiotics and corticosteroids, which can simply deal a crushing blow to the microflora of the vagina and intestines, and cause serious problems if you neglect the recommendations of a doctor and do not pay due attention to recovery after therapy.
• The use of hygiene products, such as pads and tampons, which do not have the best effect on women's health, as they disrupt the normal flow of air and contribute to stagnant processes in the pelvic organs.
• Wearing synthetic, tight and uncomfortable underwear that interferes with blood circulation and the natural process of ventilation creates a kind of greenhouse effect.

The internal factors provoking the development of the disease include:

• Hormonal disorders, including during pregnancy.
• Exhaustion of the body and the state of immunodeficiency.
• The presence of chronic diseases that undermine human health for a long time.
• Intestinal dysbacteriosis can have many unpleasant consequences for the body, including a decrease in defenses in the fight against viruses and bacteria.
• Stress and fatigue.

More than a dozen types of bacteria can be found in a woman's vagina. A healthy microflora consists of a predominant number of lactobacilli, bifidobacteria and peptostreptococci. Thanks to lactic acid, an acidic environment is maintained in the vagina, which serves as a local defense. Also on the mucosa in small quantities there are anaerobic bacteria, gardnerella, candida, Trichomonas and mycoplasmas. With a sharp increase in them, vaginal dysbacteriosis occurs.

Most often, when studying the flora in the laboratory in women with vaginosis, a sharp increase in the number of gardnerella vaginalis is found. Therefore, this disease is also called gardnerellosis. The main role of the bacterium is that it creates favorable conditions for the development and reproduction of other conditionally pathogenic microorganisms. The environment in the vagina becomes alkaline, and the disease progresses. Waste products of gardnerella exacerbate mucosal disorders, which contributes to the development of diseases of the genitourinary system.

The main route of infection with gardnerella is sexual. It is passed from male to female and vice versa.. Moreover, all types of sex are dangerous, including oral-genital and anal-genital. This infection cannot take root in the mouth, but through it it can get to the genitals. Also, gardnerella is transmitted from mother to child, but this bacterium does not develop in the fetus, since girls have little estrogen before puberty, and she does not have enough glycogen for good nutrition.

Often a person is a carrier of a microorganism and does not even know about it. The presence of gardnerella is determined in him, but there are no signs of the disease. This is dangerous both for him and for his sexual partners in that the infection is transmitted and, under favorable conditions, the disease can manifest itself. Having found symptoms of a violation of the vaginal microflora or discharge from the urethra in men, it is imperative to visit a doctor and take a smear for analysis in order to accurately determine the cause of the violation of the microflora of the genital mucosa.

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With cystitis and fungus, which are quite common, the flora in the body is also disturbed, but completely different drugs and pills are needed to treat the disease. Gardnerellosis during pregnancy contributes to premature birth and increases the risk of complications. If gardnerella is present in large quantities in the vagina, this increases the likelihood of developing inflammation of the uterine appendages, which can lead to infertility. Therefore, when planning a pregnancy, it is imperative to take an analysis of the vaginal microflora in order to treat possible infections even before conception.

Gardnerellosis in women and men

Gardnerellosis is mainly a female disease, but the pathogen can also settle on the genitals of a man. Therefore, diagnostics and treatment are carried out immediately for all partners, in order to avoid possible relapses of the disease. Fortunately, this type of bacteria does not take root in the children's body. In women, the symptoms of gardnerellosis make it easy to trace the occurrence of this disease. One of the main signs is the appearance of yellowish or grayish copious discharge from the genital organs with or without an odor.

Even if a woman simply feels discomfort in the vagina, burning, itching, especially if they worsen after intercourse and menstruation, this means that there is an inflammatory process in the vagina and you need to go to a consultation with a gynecologist and take a flora smear for analysis. Since discharge may not bother a woman for a long time, and in the meantime the disease can become chronic, so make it a rule to visit a doctor at least twice a year in order to detect violations that may occur in the female body in time.

The rapid development of gardnerella can provoke douching with soda and hydrogen peroxide, as well as the use of local hormonal ointments that disrupt the normal flora of the vagina. Often with gardnerellosis, vaginal thrush can also be diagnosed, so a doctor should prescribe a medicine to eliminate dysbacteriosis, having studied the test results. In men, in the genital area, burning and itching may be felt, as well as scanty discharge with an unpleasant odor and plaque.

A neglected disease can lead to prostatitis, as well as inflammation of the appendages and testicles. These complications, left unattended, can even lead to infertility. To make a diagnosis of gardnerellosis, the gynecologist takes smears from the vagina and sends them to the laboratory for analysis, where not only their presence is determined, but also the quantitative ratio of bacteria in the vaginal secretion. With dysbacteriosis of the genital mucosa, the number of gardnerella increases sharply, and lactobacilli decreases.

More about the disease

Gardnerellosis can be diagnosed if at least three of the following conditions are met:

• There are complaints of the patient about the presence of secretions, which can be transparent, yellowish or grayish, with an unpleasant smell of rotten fish, which appears during the life of gardnerella.
• The flora in the vagina has become alkaline, PH > 4.5.
• In smear microscopy, there are “key” cells, namely, epithelial cells covered with gardnerella.
• A positive result of the amine test, which is carried out by adding a couple of drops of potassium hydroxide to the vaginal discharge. If a characteristic smell appears, it means that they contain amines that form gardnerella in the course of their life.

Gardnerella in women: what to do if gardnerella is found in the vagina during pregnancy

Doctors have determined that gardnerella in women, if it is determined in a small amount, does not cause vaginal dysbacteriosis. The problem arises when, for a number of reasons, the microorganism begins to develop rapidly and displace other types of bacteria. Often gardnerella during pregnancy shows its pathological activity, as the woman's hormonal background changes.

Manifestations of gardnerellosis in women can be both acute, with the appearance of discomfort, burning and itching, as well as pain during sexual intercourse, and almost imperceptible, when the presence of imbalances in the flora is practically not noticeable. Features of the course of the disease, both in men and women are largely similar. And this disease must be properly treated, in order to avoid the occurrence of serious complications, such as inflammation of the genital organs and appendages, which can cause infertility.

Regardless of the presence or absence of severe symptoms, treatment of the disease in women is mandatory, no matter what it becomes chronic and does not lead to complications: inflammation of the ovaries and appendages, as well as infertility. When planning a pregnancy, the vaginal microflora should be normal in order to exclude the influence of possible infections on the development of the fetus. Therefore, if gardnerella is found in the flora taken for analysis during pregnancy, then it is necessary to undergo treatment.

How to treat during pregnancy dysbacteriosis caused by gardnerella in women

During pregnancy, gardnerellosis can occur due to changes in the hormonal background of the female body, then discharges that have not been observed before, burning and itching may appear. If left untreated, it can cause complications during pregnancy and childbirth, as well as provoke bleeding. Therefore, it is imperative for pregnant women to contact a antenatal clinic to find out how to treat vaginal dysbacteriosis without harming the fetus, and it will also be useful to learn ways to increase the body's immunity and activate its defenses.

Usually, in the first trimester, pregnant women are prescribed Ampicillin, and starting from the second trimester, Metronidazole. Treatment with clindamycin is not used, as this antibiotic can harm the fetus. On medical forums, you can find information about the prescribed treatment if gardnerella is found in women, and its results, as well as patient reviews on the use of certain drugs.

Gardnerella in men in the urethra and its consequences

Since gardnerellosis mainly affects women, the question may arise, is gardnerella transmitted from a woman to a man? Yes, it is transmitted. The sexual route of infection with this bacterium is the main one. And although gardnerella in men in the body most often simply dies, but during this time it can cause infection of another woman, with unprotected sexual contact.

Gardnerellosis in men cannot occur due to the structural features of their bodies, but the settlement of gardnerella in the urethra and on the head of the penis can provoke urethritis or even balanoposthitis, the symptoms of which are the appearance of an unpleasant "fishy" smell and plaque on the penis. A man most often acts as a carrier of infection and becomes a source of infection for partners with whom he has sexual contact.

The features of the course of the disease in men are that in the clinical picture of the disease there are often no noticeable symptoms and the disease may have a sluggish form, but burning, itching and clear or white discharge may still be observed, as well as pain during sexual intercourse, which may indicate the presence of an inflammatory process.

For an accurate diagnosis, you need to contact a urologist who will conduct an examination and prescribe the necessary tests. Therefore, although there is no such diagnosis: gardnerellosis in men, this bacterium can still cause some discomfort to male patients. Why is the disease dangerous in men? If left untreated, it can lead to prostatitis, balanoposthitis and inflammation of the testicles, which in turn can cause infertility.

Gardnerellosis: treatment with antibiotics and folk remedies

Gardnerellosis is a bacterial infection, so before using traditional medicine, you need to take a course of antibiotic therapy. Which drug should be used by the patient, the doctor should prescribe after examining the patient and evaluating the clinical picture.

You should immediately consult a doctor if you suspect gardnerellosis. Treatment of a timely diagnosed disease lasts no more than two weeks, and the recovery period after therapy takes 1.5 months. This time is needed to restore normal microflora in the vagina. In addition to tablets, the doctor often prescribes suppositories and gels that act locally directly at the site of infection, to which gardnerella is sensitive. Treatment, if inflammation of the mucosa is found, it makes sense to supplement the intake of immunostimulating drugs and vitamins of groups B and C, which help strengthen the body and help it fight infection. During therapy, sexual intercourse is not desirable, in extreme cases, they are permissible with the use of a condom.

Drugs that are prescribed in the treatment of gardnerellosis are antibiotics such as Metronidazole, Erythromycin, Clarithromycin or Trichopolum. The prescription of drugs and the treatment regimen depends on the complexity of the disease and the presence / absence of other infections, such as thrush. Folk remedies are not always effective if gardnerella is found.

Treatment should begin with a course of antibiotic therapy, but as ancillary measures in addition to the main treatment, and at the stage of restoring normal microflora after taking them, herbal decoctions are simply irreplaceable. During pregnancy, you should definitely consult a doctor, whether or not you can use certain means, no matter what harm yourself and the baby.

1. To normalize cellular immunity, you can prepare medicinal preparations from birch leaves, mint, celandine, chamomile, licorice root and elecampane, as well as wormwood, nettle, sweet clover, blueberry leaves and pine buds. These herbs must be mixed in equal proportions. Two tablespoons of raw materials should be poured with a liter of boiling water, wrapped and let it brew for at least 6 hours. The infusion should be kept in the refrigerator and drink half a glass three times a day before meals. The course of treatment lasts a month. You can repeat it 4 times a year.
2. Against the reproduction of gardnerella, fresh walnut leaves will help, from which you need to prepare a decoction of a certain concentration. You need to take 5-7 pieces, chop, pour 200 ml of boiling water and leave for half an hour. Drink a glass of broth during the day in small sips. The course of treatment is two weeks.
3. Also perfectly helps to restore the microflora of the vagina infusion of sage. It can be prepared by taking one tablespoon of dry leaves and pouring them with a glass of boiling water. You need to insist for half an hour, and then strain. On the day you need to drink two glasses of infusion, one in the morning and the other in the evening.

At home, during and after treatment, you need to monitor personal hygiene, change linen more often as it gets dirty, and avoid hypothermia. Eat a high protein diet and avoid sugary foods for at least 4-6 months while your body is recovering.

You also need to forget about douching, they are not useful either during treatment or after it, as they cause vaginal dysbacteriosis. In the process of their implementation, useful flora is washed out, which prevents the reproduction of pathogenic microorganisms. It is better to visit a gynecologist to prescribe antibacterial agents that will effectively cope with gardnerella. Gardnerellosis is quite common in medical practice, and this disease can have unpleasant and dangerous consequences for a woman's body.

Therefore, it is worth paying attention to its prevention, which includes the following activities:

• Exclusion of casual sexual contacts and the use of barrier methods of contraception.
• Minimize the use of vaginal antibacterial and contraceptive products, as well as personal care products that are not suitable for your body.
• Observe measures of general and intimate hygiene.
• Follow proper nutrition and maintain normal intestinal microflora. This will help not only prevent the development of dysbacteriosis, but also improve immunity and well-being.

Do not wait until gardnerellosis is detected, treatment for this disease is carried out for a long time and with a course of antibiotics, it is better to take care of its prevention and be healthy!

Gardnerellosis, or bacterial vaginosis, is a disease of the genital tract, which is characterized by a violation of the normal composition of the microflora. As a result, this leads to the predominance of anaerobic microorganisms (they do not use oxygen in the process of life), which is not observed normally.

Most often, gardnerellosis occurs in women, but it can also occur in men. Its frequency in women reaches 20-30%, and according to some sources it reaches 80%.

What it is?

Gardnerellosis is an inflammatory disease of the urogenital area, caused by an imbalance in the microflora of the vagina. The causative agent of infection is the anaerobic bacterium Gardnerella vaginalis. The microflora of the vagina is mainly represented by lactobacilli, which produce lactic acid, which prevents the reproduction of opportunistic microflora. However, even in a healthy woman, other microorganisms are also present in the vagina - gardnerella, mycoplasma, Klebsiella and others.

Reasons for development

The main cause of the imbalance is the vaginal gardnerella, hence the name of this condition - gardnerellosis. The negative role of gardnerella lies in the fact that it forms a favorable background for the development of a large number of other bacteria - yeast-like fungi, mycoplasmas, Trichomonas, coccal species. At the same time, the vaginal mucosa suffers, many infections enter the woman's body, and inflammatory diseases of the genitourinary system develop.

There are many reasons that provoke the development of gardnerellosis in women:

1. Failure to comply with the rules of intimate hygiene.
2. Long term antibiotic treatment.
3. A sharp decrease in the immune system.
4. Untimely (not frequent enough) replacement of gaskets. This is especially true of the period of menstruation, when the microflora in the vagina is especially vulnerable and prone to the ingress of various pathogenic microorganisms.
5. Frequent changes of sexual partners (unprotected sexual contact, both in men and women).
6. Daily use of thin pads, which creates all the conditions for the spread of infection.
7. A sharp violation in the hormonal background (may occur during puberty or during pregnancy).

In addition, untreated dysbiosis, frequent observance of an unbalanced diet, various facultative pathologies of the reproductive system, as well as prolonged use of contraceptives can contribute to the emergence of Gardnerella vaginalis disease.

Symptoms

The reproduction of Gardnerella bacteria triggers an inflammatory process in the vagina and cervix. The main symptoms of gardnerellosis in women are expressed as follows:

• sticky, frothy discharge from the vagina of a white or yellowish-gray tint appears;
• discharge has a very unpleasant odor, comparable to the smell of rotten fish;
• pain in the lower abdomen intensifies, which indicates an increase in the inflammatory process;
• there is a feeling of irritation, itching and burning in the vagina, accompanied by frequent urge to urinate;
• during sexual intercourse, discomfort and pain intensify.

The appearance of a persistent unpleasant odor is due to the decay of waste products of gardnerella. This symptom gives a woman significant discomfort and often makes her intimate hygiene. But upon contact with the alkaline environment of soap, the situation only worsens and the period of “purity”, that is, the absence of smell, becomes shorter and shorter.

Sexual intercourse is accompanied by an exacerbation of painful symptoms and contributes to an increase in the volume of secretions, since the alkaline environment of sperm causes pathogenic microorganisms to multiply even more intensively. In the future, urination disorders appear, urine is excreted in small portions, and the process itself becomes difficult and painful.

In some cases, the symptoms of gardnerellosis may be mild and persist for many years. If left untreated, the likelihood of developing serious consequences associated with dysfunction of the genitourinary system increases.

Diagnostics

Basically, the diagnosis is based on the clinical manifestation of the disease and a number of some laboratory tests. The first step in the examination is taking a smear from the woman's vagina for microscopic examination, which is the most informative method. Under a microscope, the amount of Gardnerella vaginalis in the microflora is calculated. All other methods of laboratory research are uninformative and practically useless.

The next diagnostic method is to establish the pH value of the vagina, since with a large reproduction of gardnerella and other anaerobic bacteria, the pH increases, that is, the environment becomes alkaline. The final method of determination is a test for isonitrile, which reveals the presence of a large number of Gardnerella vaginalis.

Criteria giving the right to establish a clinical diagnosis:

• finding pathological cells (key) - anaerobic bacteria are attached to the squamous epithelium of cells;
• alkaline vaginal pH;
• homogenous discharge from the vagina with a rotten smell.

Only if all three criteria are found can a diagnosis be established, since the presence of only one of them is not an accurate indicator of the disease.

How to treat gardnerellosis in women?

Before treating gardnerellosis, it is necessary to eliminate the causes that contributed to its development:

1. Refusal to frequently change sexual partners or the use of barrier methods of protection (condoms);
2. Use rational antibiotic therapy for other inflammatory diseases, which excludes prolonged and uncontrolled use of antibiotics that suppress lactobacilli;
3. Restoration of normal microflora in the intestine - oral probiotics are used (preparations containing live bacteria of normal intestinal microflora) - Bifidumbacterin, Linex;
4. Normalization of the hormonal background of the body - hormonal two- or three-phase contraceptives are used, only after consulting a gynecologist;
5. Increased activity of the immune system - synthetic (biomax, vitrum) or plant (echinacea, eleutherococcus, ginseng) immunomodulators are used;
6. Avoid frequent douching of the vagina with antiseptic solutions and the use of antibacterial vaginal suppositories.

The main and mandatory method of treatment of bacterial vaginosis is the appointment of antibiotics.

Treatment regimen for gardnerellosis in women:

1. Systemic antibiotics (clindamycin twice a day, 300 mg; metronidazole also twice a day, 500 mg). Take pills for a week. At the same time, local forms of these drugs are used.
2. After antibiotic therapy, it is necessary to restore the vaginal microflora. For this, probiotics are taken orally and in the form of suppositories. For internal use, Laktonorm, Lactobacterin are recommended. They must be consumed for 30 or more days. Three weeks apply candles Laktonorm or Atsilakt.

Treatment with drugs of the penicillin group (Ampicillin) is possible. Gardnerella is resistant to tetracyclines (Doxycycline, Tetracycline), cephalosporins (Claforan, Ceftriaxone), sulfonamides (Septrin, Biseptol), aminoglycosides (Neomycin, Kanamycin).

1. When diagnosing a disease, her sexual partner is also treated at the same time. Often, bacterial vaginosis, combined with candidiasis, requires simultaneous antifungal therapy. In this case, suppositories for gardnerellosis are prescribed, which have a combined antifungal / antibacterial composition (Clomezol, Gynotran), vaginal tablets (Terzhinan, Mikozhinaks) are also effective.
2. Treatment of gardnerellosis in women at home on a course of antibiotics and a "clean" re-analysis does not end. To exclude the subsequent reproduction of bacteria, it is necessary to restore the vaginal microflora and thereby strengthen the local immune defense.

For this, medications such as Vagilak (vaginal capsules) and Epigen-intim (gel) are used. The average duration of application is 2 weeks.

Treatment of gardnerellosis during pregnancy

Treatment of gardnerellosis during gestation has its own nuances. Everyone knows that almost all medications are contraindicated during pregnancy.

• It is impossible to completely destroy the gardnerella during the bearing of a child, since this requires the use of antibiotics, which are prohibited for the expectant mother. Treatment consists in the use of local antibacterial drugs that help reduce the manifestations of the disease and reduce the pathological activity of gardnerella. A woman can undergo full treatment after childbirth.
• The main task of the gynecologist during pregnancy is to monitor the number of gardnerella in order to prevent the development of concomitant diseases of the genitourinary system. In order to control the condition of the vaginal mucosa with gardnerellosis, a woman should be examined once a month on a gynecological chair. During this examination, the doctor takes smears for microscopic examination. If symptoms of a concomitant infection are detected, local procedures are urgently prescribed (douching, irrigation of the genitals, sitz baths, etc.). With inflammation of the pelvic organs, vaginal suppositories cannot be used.

As well as in the treatment of the disease for non-pregnant women, the therapy of gardnerellosis of pregnant women is carried out in two stages: a decrease in the amount of pathogenic microflora and the normalization of lacto and bifidobacteria in the vagina. A positive effect of treatment is observed only if the woman consulted a gynecologist in a timely manner and the disease did not become chronic.

Prevention

Preventive measures against gardnerellosis include:

• the presence of one sexual partner, the fight against sexual promiscuity;
• refusal to use intrauterine devices;
• prevention of inflammatory processes in the genital tract;
• the use of antibiotics according to strict indications, followed by correction of dysbacteriosis;
• exclusion of too early onset of sexual activity.

Thus, gardnerellosis, for all its seeming frivolity, is a very serious pathological process that must be treated in a timely manner. The drugs prescribed for this, allow you to normalize the qualitative and quantitative composition of the microflora of the genital tract.