Ear plug: types, symptoms and methods of removal. Sulfur plug - causes, symptoms, ways to get rid of at home

After a detailed study of the problem, the otolaryngologist determines how to remove the cork from the ear so as not to harm the patient's health. In a polyclinic, several methods are used to extract sulfur accumulations.

Removal in the hospital

When sulfur plugs form in the ears, the ENT will tell you how to remove them. The choice of a method for eliminating the problem depends on many factors, therefore self-treatment in this case is strictly prohibited. To determine how to remove the cork from the ear, the doctor performs the following manipulations:

initial inspection;
determination of consistency;
studying the color of clusters;
determination of the cause of education;
checking the eardrum for perforation;
checking the middle ear for inflammation;
the appointment of additional tests for diabetes and cholesterol levels, if these diseases are suspected.

Treatment method	Advantages	Flaws
Washing. The doctor immediately softens the sulfuric plug by introducing a solution of 3% hydrogen peroxide, glycerin or another drug into the ear canal. Next, the ear canal is leveled by pulling the auricle back and up, warm (37 ⁰С) water or saline is injected into it under pressure. Most often, a Janet syringe or a regular 150 ml syringe without a needle is used for this manipulation. A container is placed at the edge of the ear, where the liquid flows out along with the cork. Most often, 2-4 washes are required for complete removal.	The procedure is almost painless, gives a good effect.	Sometimes it turns out to be ineffective, especially if the blockage is too tight. It is prohibited for inflammation in the ears, perforation of the eardrum, diabetes mellitus, high blood cholesterol.
Aspiration. With the help of an electric suction unit, even the smallest accumulations of sulfur are removed. Most often, this procedure is performed after washing to completely clean the ear canal.	Helps to 100% remove accumulations of sulfur from the ear canal, does not require the use of anesthesia.	It works only on soft corks or those that have been softened beforehand. There is a risk of damage to the skin of the ear canal or eardrum with a hard suction tip.
This is a dry desulfurization method. The procedure is carried out using special surgical instruments (hook and tweezers).	A similar cleaning of the ears from sulfuric plugs is carried out in cases where liquids cannot be injected into the ear canal.	A fairly high probability of injury to the ear canal and eardrum with instruments.

Possible Complications

If you decide to get rid of ear wax in the hospital, this does not mean that everything will be absolutely painless and simple. In some cases, complications occur that even a doctor cannot prevent. The removal procedure may cause:

bleeding;
nausea;
dizziness;
violation of the integrity of the eardrum;
ear injury.

Before removing ear plugs, you should definitely undergo an examination, this will help prevent the most unpleasant complications. However, in some cases, even the most detailed examination by an otolaryngologist does not help to predict how the body will react to the chosen procedure.

Folk methods

If you don’t know what to do if there are plugs in your ears and you can’t have them removed in a hospital, you can use traditional medicine methods. However, before carrying out the procedures, you still have to consult with an otolaryngologist for disorders such as perforation of the eardrum, otitis media and concomitant diseases. If they are present, there is nothing to even think about how to remove the cork in the ear on your own, only a specialist should do this. When you are sure that everything is in order with your health, you can use one of the ways to remove sulfur accumulations.

Removing a house

Procedure	Advantages	Flaws
Oil softening. Every evening you need to drip 3-5 drops of flaxseed, sesame or almond oil, preferably after that lie down so that the sore ear is on top.		Does not completely remove too dense accumulations, can damage the auditory nerve in case of perforation of the eardrum.
Washing. Before cleaning the ears from sulfur plugs, 3-5 drops of 3% hydrogen peroxide are dripped into the ear canal, after 15 minutes warm water is injected into the sore ear with	In most cases, it gives a positive effect after the first wash, does not require the use of special preparations or tools.	Sometimes it causes discomfort when peroxide is injected, such as burning, hissing in the ear, and leads to an increase in volume of the plug, which negatively affects hearing.
Cerumenolysis. It is carried out with the use of special hygiene preparations - cerumenolytics. They do not increase the cork in size, quickly penetrate right inside and soften them. A few minutes after the introduction of the agent into the ear canal, accumulations of sulfur are excreted naturally.	The drugs do not impair hearing during the procedure and do not cause pain, they act quickly and give a positive effect.	In some cases, the treatment does not give the desired result, it is prohibited in the presence of otitis or perforation of the eardrum.
Cleaning with wax funnels. Special ear funnels impregnated with wax are sold in pharmacies. They are inserted into the diseased ear, while the patient lies on his side, a paper napkin with a small hole for the funnel is placed on the ear itself. Its end is set on fire and under the influence of vacuum, the cork is “pulled out” from the ear canal. When the funnel burns down to the mark, it is extinguished in a glass of water.	Removes blockages, gives a warming effect, stimulates blood circulation.	The method is ineffective in relation to stony accumulations of sulfur.

Precautionary measures

Before you clean your ears from sulfur plugs, you need to consult a doctor. Even traditional medicine can give serious complications. To remove the wax plug from the ear, you do not need to use the following items:

matches;
hairpins;
cotton buds;
tweezers and other improvised means.

If a plug is found in the ear, treatment should be carried out strictly on the recommendation of a doctor. Picking in the ear canal with foreign objects, you can only aggravate the situation.

Injuries to the skin or eardrum provoke the reproduction of fungi, viruses and bacteria, so you need to know how to soften the earwax plug in the ear so as not to harm your health.

Summing up

What to do if there is a cork in the ear, you cannot decide on your own, so you will only harm yourself. An examination by an otolaryngologist is mandatory - only a doctor can determine how to clean the ear from a sulfur plug without harm to the body.

It is best to carry out the removal in the clinic, but if this is not possible, then use the doctor's recommendations to fix the problem yourself. Contact a specialist in time and follow the rules of hygiene so as not to encounter such problems.

Sulfur plug can cause significant discomfort in the ear, and therefore removal at home is becoming an urgent issue. Ideally, it is necessary to prevent the formation of such accumulations of dirt or to treat it not at home, but with an otolaryngologist. Acting on your own, you can injure the ear and then the unpleasant symptoms will only intensify. However, it is not always possible to show the ears to the doctor and then you will need knowledge of how to get rid of the problem on your own.

Symptoms and causes

First you need to find out what a cork in the ear is, what symptoms indicate its presence, and only then consider treatment at home. The human ear contains special sulfur glands that produce a yellow-brown secretion with a slightly oily consistency. Wax in the ears helps to remove impurities and protect the ear from the penetration of bacteria. It covers the ear canal and flows out on its own in small portions.

To clean the ears of accumulated sulfur, at home, an ear cotton swab is usually used.

Proper ear cleaning involves cleaning the outer part of the ear canal. Many people stick the wand too deep into the ear, pushing the wax deeper. So they independently create a problem for themselves in the form of a sulfur plug, which is not always possible to get rid of at home.

Further, trying to pull out the cork, the person pushes it even further deep into the ears. As a result, a dense accumulation of secretions is formed, which, as the volume increases, blocks the ear canal. The situation can be aggravated by improper treatment of ear diseases, an excessive desire to get rid of pollution, being in a dusty environment, which provokes a violation of gland secretion. As we age, earwax shrinks and hardens.

The removal of the sulfuric plug should not be delayed, as it provokes symptoms such as:

itching and discomfort in the ears;
feeling of pressure in the ear;
squelching;
pain;
hearing impairment.

Gradually, symptoms of inflammation may be added, which indicates the onset of otitis media. It is necessary to get rid of dirt in the ear as soon as possible, otherwise infection may occur. If you try to clean your ears at home, without help, damage to the eardrum can occur, and bacteria can enter the middle ear. In this case, the treatment will be delayed for weeks.

Removal methods

In folk practice, there are many ways to pull the cork out of the ear. To take it out at home without negative consequences, you must be extremely careful. Ask someone to help you. If in doubt, it is better to abandon the idea and immediately consult a doctor.

The most popular ways to independently solve the problem of accumulation of pollution in the ear canal are:

Washing. The standard way to get rid of sulfur plugs. But at home, washing with saline must be done with extreme caution. If the flow of the drug is not directed correctly, there is a chance not only to knock out the sulfuric plug, but also damage the eardrum. It is convenient to flush with a syringe or syringe without a needle. To safely dislodge the sulfur, the liquid is directed along the upper wall of the ear canal. The disadvantage of the procedure is that sulfur can swell and completely block the channel.
Oil. An alternative and safer option that gently removes buildup of dirt. This method is suitable for shallow plugs. To make it easier to remove the lump, for several days it is necessary to drip oil into the ear, preferably almond oil, heated to body temperature. If there is no such oil at home, use any other vegetable oil, but cosmetic is better. After softening, the cork will come out without any problems. The disadvantage of oil drops is that their frequent use leads to the formation of a sticky oily film in the ear canal, which accumulates impurities. This can lead to an ear infection.
Hydrogen peroxide. One of the most popular ways to remove a cork in your ear at home. This substance is available in every home first aid kit. Before dripping the liquid into the ear, heat it by holding the vial in your hands or under warm water. Next, with a pipette, pour a small amount of it into the auricle so that it flows into the canal. Immediately, a hissing and tickling sensation will be felt in the ears. There is a softening and dissolution of secretions, as well as additional disinfection of the ear cavity. After a few approaches, the problem will be solved. In this way, wax can be cleared from the ears and blockages can be prevented. The method is also suitable as a preparatory procedure before washing.
Special solvents. Ear treatment at home can be done with the help of specially designed preparations. In pharmacies, ear drops are sold, with which you can get rid of pollution. They work on the principle of peroxide and are a gentle solvent. The drug is instilled into the affected ear for several days. A yellowish liquid should pour out, indicating the splitting of sulfur particles.
Tweezers. It is necessary to use tweezers at home with extreme caution and only in cases where you need to get the cork, which is located at the beginning of the ear. Otherwise, you can pierce the eardrum and the treatment threatens to be the beginning of a long recovery of hearing. In addition, it will not work to get a lump of earwax on your own, you need the help of an assistant. The hardened secretions are captured with the tip of the tweezers. It is important not to damage the delicate epithelium and not push the dirt even deeper.
wax candles. Mechanical removal of the sulfur plug is also performed using special wax candles. They also treat otitis media. A candle can be bought at a pharmacy. Some connoisseurs know how to make such candles at home in the form of gauze cone-shaped turundas soaked in beeswax. The candle is inserted into the ear with a narrow end, then set on fire and not extinguished until it reaches a special mark or heat is felt in the ears. Sulfur will melt, solid particles will be captured by wax, and then removed along with the candle.

If after the procedures symptoms in the form of discharge, pain and hearing loss begin to appear, contact the ENT immediately.

Such treatment is quite suitable for those cases when there is simply no time or opportunity to see a doctor. However, it is best to prevent such a neglected situation and regularly take care of the hygiene of the hearing organs. So you protect yourself from injury if you carelessly perform the above procedures and significantly reduce the risk of inflammatory diseases and hearing loss.

Sulfur plug is an accumulation in the external auditory canal of sulfur and sebum, which are produced by the ear glands.

In addition, the sulfur plug contains particles of dead skin cells of the external auditory canal and dust.

The color of sulfur plug can vary from yellow to dark brown. Initially, it has a soft texture, then gradually becomes dense or even stony.

Statistics

According to official data, about 4% of the adult population in Russia suffers from sulfur plug, and about 6% in the world. Moreover, in people of young, middle and old age, the disease occurs more often, and in children - less often.

However, in reality, there are more such patients, since the sulfur plug does not manifest itself for a long time. And to be more precise, almost every person once in a lifetime faces this problem. During the Middle Ages, earwax was used to make the first lip balms and to write illustrated manuscripts.

Interestingly, the composition of earwax differs depending on the sex, so in women it has a more acidic reaction, and in men it is less.

It has also been proven that earwax in different peoples and races has differences in composition. For example, Asian peoples have less fat in it, as a result of which it has a dry texture, while African Americans have more fat, therefore it is softer. It is noteworthy that such a distinction was previously used to track the migration routes of the population from country to country.

In addition, there is a historical fact that proves the existence of a natural self-cleaning mechanism for earwax.

At the beginning of the last century, a case was described in China when a bamboo chip pierced a person's eardrum. However, with any attempt to extract it, it opened up like a harpoon, threatening to rupture the eardrum. Then it was decided to observe the chip, because there were no signs of inflammation of the eardrum.

What was everyone's surprise when they noticed that the sliver gradually moved to the edge of the eardrum without damaging it, and then - along the wall of the external auditory canal outward.

Thus, after four months, the sliver completely left the external auditory meatus, leaving no trace behind.

Anatomy of the outer ear

The outer ear has two anatomical structures:

auricle, consisting of elastic and resilient cartilage covered with a skin fold. In its lateral part there is an entrance to the external auditory canal, limited by two cartilaginous protrusions.
External auditory canal, which starts outside at the auricle, and ends inside at the eardrum.

The external auditory meatus is slightly curved and has two sections: membranous-cartilaginous (located closer to the exit) and bone (located closer to the tympanic membrane). Between them is the narrowest part - the isthmus.

In the skin of the membranous-cartilaginous section of each external auditory canal there are hairs and three types of glands (about 2000 in total): sulfuric (produce earwax), sebaceous (produce sebum), sweat glands (exude sweat). Moreover, within a month, the sulfur glands produce about 15-20 mg of earwax.

The skin of the bone section of the external auditory canal does not contain glands.

Composition and functions of earwax

The main components of earwax are fats, cholesterol, unsaturated fatty acids and wax esters. Therefore, it does not dissolve in water, providing natural lubrication to the skin of the external auditory canal, as well as preventing it from drying out and protecting it from dust particles.

In addition, sulfonamides (suppress the growth of pathogens), lysozyme (an enzyme that destroys the cell walls of bacteria) and immunoglobulins (immune system cells) are added to the composition of earwax. Thanks to these components and the acidic reaction (pH = 4-6), earwax protects the external auditory canal from bacteria and fungi.

That is, the formation of earwax is a physiological process that is necessary for the protection and normal operation of the hearing organ.

What is the self-purification mechanism of earwax?

The external auditory canal contacts the inside of the temporomandibular joint. And thanks to his movements during a conversation or chewing, earwax moves from the eardrum outwards.

In addition, the skin of the external auditory canal grows at a rate equal to the growth of nails. During growth, it moves outward from the eardrum, shifting the earwax to the exit. That is, for example, sulfur attached to the eardrum will move outward on its own within 3-4 months.

Also in the skin of the external auditory canal there are cilia, which, making oscillatory movements, promote earwax from the inside to the outside.

However, unfortunately, often under the influence of certain factors, the work of the sulfuric and sebaceous glands, as well as the mechanism of self-purification, is disrupted.

Reasons for the formation of sulfur plug

They can act both independently and in combination with each other, leading to faster and more frequent formation of sulfur plugs.

Improper hygienic care of the external auditory canal

Excessively frequent and rough use of cotton swabs or cleansing the external auditory canal with improvised means (for example, pins or knitting needles) is the most common cause of the formation of sulfuric plug.

As a result, the skin of the external auditory canal is injured, and the production of secretion by the sulfur glands is enhanced. Next, the earwax is pushed deep into the eardrum, where it is compacted. Therefore, the process of its self-purification is violated.

In addition, during intensive cleaning, the cilia of the skin of the external auditory canal are damaged. Therefore, they cease to fulfill their function: the promotion of the formed sulfur outwards.

It is noteworthy that often the methods of improper hygienic care for the external auditory canal are "come from childhood". Because children, watching adults, adopt their methods of removing earwax.

Anatomical features

There is a tortuosity or narrowness of the external auditory canal, so the process of self-purification of earwax is disrupted.

Moreover, the anatomical features of the structure can be both congenital and acquired (for example, appear after an injury).

Tendency to increased secretion of earwax

Occurs with violations of the metabolism of fats in the body, which lead to an increase in the formation of cholesterol, which is part of earwax. As a result, it becomes more viscous, so the process of its self-cleaning from the external auditory canal is disrupted.

It is noteworthy that often the peculiarities of metabolism are inherited, and not only occur with certain diseases (for example, with atherosclerosis).

Inflammatory and infectious diseases of the external auditory canal (for example, otitis externa)

They lead to increased secretion production by the sebaceous and sulfuric glands, but it does not have time to be removed, therefore it accumulates.

In addition, the lumen of the external auditory canal decreases due to inflammatory edema of the skin. As a result, a mechanical obstacle is created in the way of self-purification of earwax.

The qualitative composition of earwax also changes: the number of protective factors (lysozyme, immunoglobulins, and others) decreases in it. Therefore, the ear glands are secondarily affected by pathogens, and the course of the infectious and inflammatory disease is aggravated.

Use of hearing aids or regular use of headphones

It leads to trauma to the skin of the external auditory canal (for example, the occurrence of abrasions), so the production of earwax increases. In the future, it is pushed inside the external auditory canal and rammed.

In addition, conditions are created for the attachment of a secondary infection and the development of inflammatory diseases in the outer ear.

Excess hair growth inside the external auditory canal

It leads to a violation of the process of self-cleaning from earwax. Most often, this cause occurs in elderly patients.

Skin conditions of the external auditory canal (such as eczema or psoriasis)

A non-infectious inflammatory process develops, which leads to detachment of the upper layer of the skin (epidermis) of the external auditory canal in the form of plates. In the future, they are enveloped in sulfur and thicken, clogging the lumen of the external auditory canal.

In addition, the production of secretions by the sebaceous and sulfuric glands is enhanced, which leads to an even more rapid formation of a sulfuric plug.

Working in a dusty environment (e.g. in a mill or mines)

Dust settles in the external auditory canal. As a result, the production of secretion by the ear glands is enhanced, and the work of the skin cilia is also disrupted.

Foreign body in the lumen of the external auditory canal

It leads to increased production of secretion by the ear glands (a natural protective reaction of the body), which does not have time to be removed. In addition, a mechanical obstacle is created in the way of self-purification of sulfur.

Long stay in a room with dry air (humidity up to 40%)

It leads to the drying of the secretion of the external auditory canal, so a sulfuric plug of a solid consistency is formed.

Age

The older the person, the higher the risk of sulfur plug formation. Because with age, the mechanisms of self-purification of earwax weaken, and its production by the glands increases.

In addition, in older patients, the number of hairs in the external auditory canal tends to increase. Therefore, an additional obstacle is created in the way of self-purification of sulfur.

Sulfur plug symptoms

Sulfur plug, as a rule, does not manifest itself for a long time. Only when the lumen of the external auditory canal is almost completely blocked (70% or more) do signs of sulfur plug appear. Moreover, they can occur both on one and on both sides, if the sulfur plug has formed in both ears.

Congestion and noise in the ear, hearing loss

Symptoms develop slowly due to the gradual accumulation of sulfur in the external auditory canal. Therefore, the patient usually does not pay any attention to the fact that he is gradually deafening, and noise appears in the ears.

Dry and irritating cough, nausea and dizziness, moderate pain and echo of one's own voice in the ear

Signs appear if the sulfur plug presses on the eardrum, irritating its nerve endings.

With prolonged pressure of the sulfur plug, inflammation of the eardrum (myringitis) or the middle ear cavity (otitis media) sometimes develops.

As a result, an unexpressed pain in the ear appears (with otitis media it intensifies during chewing or talking), the body temperature may rise moderately, small discharges appear from the external auditory canal (most often purulent).

Facial paralysis, cardiac arrhythmias, epileptic seizures

They take place in severe cases, when the sulfuric plug is located in the bone section and strongly presses on the eardrum, irritating its nerve endings.

All symptoms disappear after removal of the sulfur plug.

On a note!

Most often, the first signs of cerumen appear upon contact with water (for example, after diving in a pool or bathing in a shower). Since it swells and partially pushes inward closer to the eardrum, blocking the lumen of the external auditory canal.

How to remove sulfur plug

There are several ways: the use of pharmaceutical preparations at home, as well as the use of hardware methods in a medical institution.

How to remove wax plug at home

Trying to remove a large sulfur plug at home and in the presence of severe symptoms on your own is useless, and not always harmless. Since it is possible to accidentally introduce an infection, damage the eardrum or the skin of the external auditory canal.

However, small wax plugs can be removed at home with care. Moreover, it is necessary to use pharmacy products (ear drops), and not hygienic cotton swabs.

Why can't cotton swabs be used?

Because with their help, earwax is compacted and pushed closer to the eardrum. That is, the sulfur plug, on the contrary, increases in size.

In addition, such deep cleaning can cause injury to the skin of the external auditory canal and / or eardrum (perforation - violation of the integrity).

Drops for removing sulfur plug - pharmacy products

They are used for safe and painless removal of sulfur plug at home, as well as for the prevention of its formation. In addition, ear drops are used as a preparatory stage before the removal of the ENT sulfur plug by a doctor.

The mechanism of action of ear drops

They help dissolve the sulfur plug in the ear canal, making it easy to remove. This technique is called cerumenolysis.

It is noteworthy that during cerumenolysis, the cork itself does not swell, so discomfort in the ear, as a rule, does not occur.

The most commonly used agents for cerumenolysis

A drug	Release form	Mode of application
A-Cerumen	In dropper bottles of 2 ml	To remove sulfur plug instill 1 ml of the solution (half a dropper bottle) into the external auditory canal, after one minute it is cleaned. The procedure is carried out twice a day for 3-4 days. For the prevention of education sulfur plugs (for example, in patients using a hearing aid), a solution of 1 ml is instilled into each ear canal twice a month.
Remo Wax	In bottles of 10 ml with a plastic dispenser	To remove sulfur plug 10 to 20 drops of the solution are instilled into the external auditory canal of the diseased ear, after 20-60 minutes it is removed. The procedure is carried out daily for 3-4 days. To prevent the formation of sulfur plugs the drug is used once every two weeks.

Mode of application

First, warm the drops to body temperature or 37°C. To do this, hold the bottle with the solution in a compressed palm for 5-10 minutes or heat it in a water bath.

Then lie on your side or tilt your head in the opposite direction to the affected ear. Next, drip the solution into the external auditory canal of the diseased ear along the back or upper wall (not in the center!) To avoid the formation of an air lock.

After the time set according to the instructions, roll over to the other side or bend over the sink / napkin so that the solution flows out. Then flush the external ear canal with warm water or 0.9% saline.

When should ear drops not be used?

With a defect (violation of the integrity) of the eardrum.
If the patient has chronic otitis or in the past he suffered purulent otitis media.
A-Cerumen is contraindicated for use in children under 2.5 years of age.

Can peroxide be used to remove wax plug?

Yes, 3% hydrogen peroxide can be used. While the use of a higher percentage of the solution is contraindicated, because it causes a chemical burn of the skin of the external auditory canal and eardrum.

The mechanism of action of hydrogen peroxide

In contact with tissues, peroxide decomposes into molecular oxygen and water. In this case, oxygen oxidizes the tissues (in this case, the sulfur plug), forming a foam that mechanically cleans the external auditory canal.

Moreover, it should be remembered that hydrogen peroxide leads to swelling of the sulfur plug, so ear congestion and hearing loss increase. However, after cleansing the external auditory canal, the symptoms disappear.

Mode of application

First, heat the hydrogen peroxide in a water bath to 37°C.

Then lie on the side opposite the affected ear, or tilt your head to the healthy side. Next, use a pipette to drip at least 10-15 drops of hydrogen peroxide (about half a pipette) along the back or upper wall of the external auditory canal of the diseased ear. At the same time, unpleasant sensations appear in the ear and a hiss is heard.

After 5-10 minutes, roll over to the other side or lean over the sink / napkin so that hydrogen peroxide with particles of sulfuric cork flows out. Then remove the remnants of hydrogen peroxide from the auricle with a swab, without penetrating into the external auditory canal.

Repeat the procedure 4-6 times a day for 3-5 days. Usually the symptoms of sulfuric plug disappear, and hearing is restored.

However, after self-removal of the sulfur plug, it is necessary to consult an ENT doctor who will visually examine the external auditory.

When should hydrogen peroxide not be used?

If there is a defect in the eardrum.
If the patient has had purulent otitis media in the past or is currently suffering from chronic otitis media.

On a note!

Hydrogen peroxide should be used with caution as it can burn the skin of the external auditory canal and/or eardrum. Therefore, if during the procedure there is a pronounced burning sensation and pain in the ear, stop it and be sure to consult an ENT doctor.

Do I need to rinse my ear to remove wax plug?

Washing out (irrigation) is the most common and effective way to remove a sulfur plug by an otolaryngologist.

Whereas it is not recommended to remove the sulfur plug by washing at home. Since there is a high probability of damage to the eardrum and / or skin of the external auditory canal.

How to wash the sulfur plug?

If the sulfur plug is soft, then washing is carried out without prior preparation.

When the sulfur plug is dry, it must first be softened. For this purpose, 3% hydrogen peroxide is instilled into the external auditory canal of the diseased ear 5-6 times a day for 2-3 days. Or, cerumenolysis products are used according to the instructions.

To wash the external auditory canal, water or any solution of an external antiseptic (for example, furacilin) is used, which is heated to 37 ° C.

There are instrumental (manually) and hardware methods for washing out the sulfuric plug:

With the help of Janet's syringe, the capacity of which is 100-200 ml.
During the procedure, the doctor delivers a jet of water under increased pressure into the external auditory canal towards the eardrum. Due to this, particles of the sulfuric cork move away from the place of attachment. The water then flows into the tray through the outlet of the external auditory canal.
However, Janet's syringe is capable of creating pressure up to 10 atmospheres. Whereas the tympanic membrane can withstand only 2 atmospheres. Therefore, the success of the procedure depends largely on the professionalism of the doctor.
Used electronic irrigator(Propluse 4th generation) - a new technique that has found wide application.
The effectiveness of the procedure is based on the pulsed nature of the jet supply, as well as the ability to regulate its pressure. This ensures complete, painless and safe removal of the sulfur plug.

When should you not rinse your ear to remove wax plug?

Violation of the integrity of the eardrum (perforation) - the result of injury or infection.
The presence of acute or chronic otitis media.
Past purulent otitis media.

Since in these cases the ingress of water into the cavity of the middle ear can exacerbate the chronic inflammatory process.

How do doctors remove sulfuric plug?

In the arsenal of otolaryngologists, there are several methods that they use depending on the situation.

Washing out the sulfuric plug with a Janet type syringe

Manipulation is performed with water heated to 37°C in a water bath. Beforehand, a short and obliquely cut rubber tube is put on the tip of the syringe so as not to injure the walls of the ear canal.

Carrying out the procedure:

The patient is in a sitting position, and from the side of the diseased ear on the shoulder to collect water, there is a tray that holds the assistant.

The doctor pulls the auricle up and back, straightening the external auditory canal. Then he sends a jet of water along the upper wall of the ear canal in shocks, in order to avoid increasing pressure on the eardrum. Back from the ear, a stream of water flows into the tray.

After washing, the auricle is dried with cotton wool wrapped around the probe. Then, turunda soaked in an antiseptic solution (for example, boric alcohol) is placed in the external auditory canal for 15-20 minutes.

Washing out the sulfur plug with an irrigator (Propluse)

For washing, water or an external antiseptic solution is used, which are heated to 37 ° C in a water bath.

Carrying out the procedure:

The patient is in a sitting position. A waterproof cape is attached to his neck.

Then the doctor inserts the nozzle into the lumen of the external auditory canal and with the help of a foot pedal delivers water. At the same time, he directs the jet a little up and back so that it goes along the upper wall of the external auditory canal.

After the appearance of particles of the sulfuric plug at the exit from the external auditory canal, the washing stops. Further, with the help of a disposable spatula, particles of the sulfur plug are removed, which allows to reduce the duration of the procedure. Then the doctor wipes the auricle with a napkin.

At the end of the procedure, the otolaryngologist removes the remaining water from the lumen of the ear canal using cotton wool wound around the notched end of the spatula to remove the sulfuric plug.

Vacuum aspiration (vacuum removal) of sulfur plug

It is a dry method, which is indicated when the sulfur plug is soft or after it has been softened with cerumenolysis agents.

When is it applied?

Used in patients with a defect in the tympanic membrane
After rinsing the outer ear to remove residual water

Methodology

The patient is in a sitting position. A suction tube is inserted into the external auditory canal. Then the aspirator is turned on, on which the negative pressure is pre-set by the doctor. After completing the manipulation, the doctor examines the external auditory canal to make sure that the sulfuric plug has been completely removed.

Minuses

Loud sound during the procedure, but in modern models it is much lower.

In addition, disorders sometimes develop in the vestibular apparatus (located in the inner ear), which is responsible for the coordination of human movements in space. The disorder is manifested by nausea and vomiting, severe dizziness.

However, the procedure using optical instruments (microscope) reduces the likelihood of side effects to a minimum.

Curettage - instrumental removal of sulfur plug

Sometimes local anesthesia is used to perform the procedure.

In what cases is curettage used?

If the patient has a perforation (violation of the integrity) of the eardrum or persistent hearing loss.

Previously, the patient suffered from purulent otitis media or currently he suffers from chronic otitis media.

When it was not possible to remove the sulfur plug by washing, or it consists of layers of dead cells of the outer layer of the skin (epidermis), tightly glued together.

Methodology

The patient is in a sitting position. The doctor pulls the auricle up and back to straighten the external auditory canal. Then, with the help of special tools (hooks, tweezers, small spoons) and under the control of optics (microscope) removes the sulfur plug.

After the procedure is completed, a turunda moistened with an antiseptic (antibacterial agent) for topical application is usually placed in the external auditory canal for 15-20 minutes.

What are the devices for removing sulfur plugs?

The main hardware assistants for an otolaryngologist are a medical aspirator and an electronic irrigator for washing the outer ear cavity. They can either be included in the package of an ENT cabinet or an ENT combine (a unit that includes everything necessary for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the ENT organs), or they can be separately located in the office of an otolaryngologist.

Sulfur Plug Removal Equipment

Machine name	How it works	Principle of operation	How to apply
Medical aspirator (electric suction) There are various models that differ in power, size and mobility (portable or stationary).	Container for collecting secret (detachable) Aspiration tubes of various diameters for secretion suction (sulfur plug) Vacuum generator Possibility to adjust vacuum power (foot or manual) Built-in overfill protection valve Exhaust air filter element - protection against the spread of infection	The vacuum unit creates a negative pressure in the cavity of the outer ear (below atmospheric pressure). Due to this, the sulfur plug is sucked off in parts or in whole.	First, the secretion collection container and the suction tube are disinfected according to the instructions (for example, using chlorine tablets). Then the doctor inserts an aspiration tube of a suitable diameter into the external auditory canal. Next, the doctor turns on the device and begins the manipulation.
Electronic irrigator(ProPulse)	Power supply from mains or battery Adjustment of pressure and flow of water / antiseptic solution Built-in compressor and knob for its adjustment Foot switch to control the start and blocking of the water supply Disposable ear tips water container High pressure hose Spatulas for removing earwax Water-repellent capes	The sulfur plug is removed thanks to the water jet, which has an adjustable pulsed character. This ensures a quick and painless procedure.	First, the device is disinfected with chlorine tablets according to the instructions. The doctor then draws about 700 ml of warm water (37°C) into the tank. Then he lowers the new nozzle into the ring on the handle of the apparatus and securely fastens it in the cell.

Prevention of sulfur plugs

It is important for everyone, but especially for people with an increased risk of wax accumulation in the external auditory canal.

What do we have to do?

What should be avoided?

Do not use hygienic cotton swabs, penetrating deep into the external auditory canal. Since sulfur is pushed closer to the eardrum and compacted. In addition, there is a risk of injury to the eardrum if during the procedure, accidentally distracted by another event. Small children are especially affected by this, because during cleaning they fidget or break out of their mother's hands.
Do not use matches, knitting needles, pins or other sharp objects to remove wax plug. Since there is a high risk of injury to the eardrum and skin of the external auditory canal.

Avoid sudden changes in ambient temperature. For example, in the heat - the transition from the street to the room where the air conditioner works.
Do not use earwax to remove wax plugs on your own and without consulting an ENT doctor, as you can harm yourself. For example, cause a burn of the eardrum or skin of the external auditory canal, and if there is inflammation in the external ear, aggravate the course of the disease.

How to get rid of cork in the ear at home? After all, it is not always possible to visit a doctor to solve this problem. Despite the fact that sulfur plug does not pose a threat to human health, its appearance is accompanied by many unpleasant sensations that interfere with a comfortable existence.

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General principles

How to get rid of a wax plug in the ear yourself? This process is carried out in several stages, because only a doctor can remove a dense lump of sulfur under the pressure of water at a time. And it's much more difficult to deal with it on your own. Cork removal steps include:

softening;
washing;
washout.

All procedures should be done slowly and thoroughly. In this matter, one should not rush, so as not to provoke damage to the eardrum and other complications. The main thing is to start measures to remove the sulfur plug immediately after its occurrence. Determining the presence of a problem is quite simple: a person does not hear room noise and sounds from the affected ear. Headache, dizziness may appear.

In no case should you try to get a lump of sulfur with the help of ear sticks. Thus, you can compress it even more. In some cases, even inflammation of the ear plug is possible, which leads to complications. Therefore, it is necessary not to postpone the procedure for removing the sulfur lump for the future, but to do it immediately.

Softening of the ear plug

It is best to do this procedure at night so that the emollient has time to work well. To do this, use 3% hydrogen peroxide, glycerin or vegetable oil. Do not use highly concentrated hydrogen peroxide as it may cause burns. The selected product should be well warmed up to room temperature, so that if it enters the ear canal, it will not lead to discomfort. 4-5 drops of a softening agent are instilled into the ear. A person may feel a hiss, bursting of bubbles, and even a slight burning sensation. This is a natural reaction that occurs as a result of the interaction of sulfur and hydrogen peroxide.

It is advisable that someone close to you do the instillation, since the auricle should be slightly pulled up and back. This helps to straighten the external auditory canal so that the emollient gets directly to the cork. And doing it yourself is quite problematic. After instillation, the hole should be closed with a cotton swab.

As a result of the use of peroxide or other means, sulfur swells. This can lead to further hearing loss. However, this is an absolutely normal phenomenon, due to the peculiarities of the action of the softening drug.

Washing process

How to get rid of an ear plug if it has already softened? First of all, you need to do a preliminary rinse.

The patient should take a horizontal position and turn his head with the affected ear up. In a 20 ml syringe, you need to draw 3% hydrogen peroxide and gradually, without effort, fill the ear canal with the solution until it starts to pour out. In this case, the liquid will begin to foam and hiss. After that, you should lie down for 20-30 minutes and turn your head to the other side so that all the liquid flows out.

If the cork is not too tight, parts of it will begin to appear from the ear canal after pre-rinsing. To consolidate the result, the procedure can be repeated. The first two stages are allowed within a few days.

However, if during the preliminary washing of the ear with hydrogen peroxide there is a sharp pain or other discomfort, the procedure should be stopped immediately and seek qualified help.

Washing out residues

Sulfur residues can be removed by washing with warm water. You can not use very hot or too cold water, because this procedure itself is quite unpleasant, although it is absolutely painless. Washing should be done under pressure. To do this, you can use a shower hose. In this case, the initial distance between the hose and the ear must be large enough. Gradually it needs to be reduced, this will provide the necessary pressure.

You can use other methods of washing. Alternatively, Janet's syringe is often used, which has a rather large volume and provides the necessary water pressure.

In order to completely remove the cork, several approaches may be required. You will immediately feel the moment when the cork comes out: a feeling of lightness will appear and hearing will be fully restored.

If it was not possible to achieve a positive result, you should contact a specialist. Perhaps at some stage a mistake was made.

Medications

You can quickly and painlessly get rid of sulfur accumulation with the help of modern advances in the pharmaceutical industry. There are special preparations with cerumenolytic action. They work as follows:

easily penetrate deep into the sulfur plug;
soften education;
dissolve a dense lump;
there is no swelling effect of sulfur;

The most popular representatives of this group of drugs are A-Cerumen and Remo-Vax. Their action is due to the presence of surfactants in the composition, which do not increase surface tension, as a result of which sulfur does not swell. They are available in the form of drops that are easy to dose.

Cerumenolytic preparations have practically no contraindications, except for the presence of individual intolerance to one of the components and a damaged eardrum. They are approved for use even by children, thanks to such medicines, the removal of the ear plug will be quick and painless.

A few drops of the product are instilled into the ear canal, and after a while the remnants of the sulfur plug come out on their own.

Folk methods

You can get rid of sulfuric cork at home using folk methods, which are still quite popular. One of the oldest and most well-known methods is the use of ear candles.

They contain only natural products: beeswax, propolis, medicinal herbs, lavender, mint and eucalyptus essential oils.

For the procedure, the patient should lie on one side with the affected ear up. First you need to massage the auricle, this will ensure blood flow and improve microcirculation. A napkin with a hole for a candle is applied to the ear. It is necessary so that during burning hot wax does not drip onto the skin and does not burn it. A candle is inserted into the external auditory canal and ignited. In this case, vacuum heat is created, which effectively acts on the sulfur plug, softens and breaks it, and also helps to move the formation outward. As soon as the candle burns down to a special mark, it must be removed and extinguished. The ear should be gently cleaned with cotton swabs, while the remnants of the cork will easily come out. After that, you need to close the external auditory canal with a swab to prevent hypothermia.

After applying the candles, in no case should you wash your hair for several hours. The tool is not recommended for use only in the case when a person has an individual intolerance to bee products.

If none of the sulfur plug removal methods helped to solve the problem, you should get rid of it as soon as possible. It is imperative to contact a specialist who is guaranteed to remove the cork, restore hearing and relieve discomfort.

The ear canal is cleaned independently of excess sulfur during chewing and swallowing movements, talking, sometimes the secret is produced in excessive quantities, a plug appears in the ear. It is not difficult to cure the disease, for this they use drugs, traditional medicine methods.

A cork in the ear is a simple disease.

Sulfur plug in the ear - what is it?

Chamois plug - blockage of the ear canal with a mass. The clot consists of sulfur, dust, dead cells, the structure and color of the mass may be different. The problem often occurs in children (they have narrower ear canals than adults) are less able to clean themselves.

Types of sulfur plugs:

soft, yellow or orange with a pasty texture;
dark brown, in terms of viscosity they resemble plasticine;
solid plugs are dark brown or black.

Solid ear plug

Allocate epidermal ear plugs, the origin of which is not fully understood. The mass of gray color, dense consistency contains sulfur and particles of the epidermis. Such a pathology often causes the development of inflammatory processes in the middle ear, destruction of the eardrum. Most often, such formations are diagnosed in people with congenital syphilis, deformation of nails and teeth.

Causes of ear plugs

One of the main reasons for the appearance of sulfur plugs is improper care, in which only the secret is removed from the outside, and the bulk is compacted and accumulates deep inside the passage. Pathology can be genetic in nature - by inheritance, you can get a more viscous composition of sulfur, active work of the glands, a narrow or very tortuous ear canal.

Why traffic jams form:

work in rooms with high humidity or dust, often diving to a depth;
advanced age;
dermatological pathologies - fungus, eczema, dermatitis;
high cholesterol;
regular or improper use of headphones and hearing aids;
otitis and other inflammatory processes.

Frequent wearing of headphones can cause ear plugging

In addition to sulfur, air congestion can form in the ears, the appearance of which is associated with a change in atmospheric pressure - air travel, climbing high into the mountains. Sometimes the cause of discomfort is a water plug in the ear - it is formed after diving, swimming.

Symptoms

For a long time, signs of the presence of a clot in an ear in a person can be expressed implicitly. Most often, unpleasant symptoms intensify after water enters the ear canal - the mass swells, completely fills it.

How to recognize the presence of sulfur plug:

ear congestion, most often the pathology is one-sided, sometimes it lays both ears at the same time;
deterioration in auditory perception - this symptom does not always occur in the presence of sulfur clots;
noise, rustling in and ringing in the ears;
a constant feeling of the presence of a foreign body in the ear canal;
pain and shooting in the ear;
good audibility of one's own voice - autophony.

Ear pain may indicate an ear plug

The signs and consistency of sulfur clots in a child are the same as in an adult. But it is difficult for children to endure the discomfort associated with ear congestion, so it is urgent.

When a plug forms near the membrane, dizziness, migraine, yawning, and an unreasonable cough appear. Patients have symptoms of motion sickness, impaired coordination of movement.

How to know if there is a plug in the ear

With a large accumulation of sulfur, you can even see the cork with the naked eye - just pull the auricle down a little. What the clot looks like, you can first see in the photo.

Wax accumulation in the ear

To determine the degree of complexity of the pathology, the doctor performs otoscopy - examines the ear area through a special funnel, which allows you to examine all the clots that clog the ear canal.

In advanced cases, the examination is carried out using a probe with rounded ends. Other diagnostic methods are not used. During the examination, the doctor collects an anamnesis, finding out the possible cause of the development of the disease.

Ear Plug Treatment Methods

It is better to entrust the removal of sulfur clots to the ENT, only the doctor will be able to assess the degree of pathology, the consistency of the mass, and choose the appropriate method for cleaning the ear canal.

What methods are used to remove the cork:

To begin with, the clots need to be softened - for this, for 2-4 days, hydrogen peroxide, special drops for dissolving sulfur (cerumenolytics) should be instilled into the ear three times a day.
Washing is carried out using a special Janet syringe to remove clots - its special design avoids a sharp injection of liquid. The syringe is filled with water or saline, the temperature of which is about 37 degrees. The jet is directed along the wall of the ear canal, while the head should be tilted in the opposite direction from the blocked ear. For adults, the shell is pulled down a little, for children - a little back and down. After 2-3 minutes, you need to change the position of the head, the doctor removes the sulfur with sterile cotton, a cotton swab soaked in boric acid is inserted into the ear for a while.
The dry removal method is used for large traffic jams, or when the integrity of the eardrum is violated. The procedure is carried out using an aspirator, which sucks the clot under pressure. Or they use a probe with a hook - they can break through and get a clot. In order not to injure the tissues, the course of manipulation is controlled through a microscope.

Hydrogen peroxide can help loosen ear plugs

Washing is contraindicated in diagnosing pathologies of the tympanic membrane, hearing loss, and a history of chronic otitis media.

Self-removal of traffic jams for the treatment of children is categorically not suitable - discomfort often indicates an infectious process, any unprofessional intervention will cause complications.

How to get rid of cork at home

Independently, to combat sulfur clots, you can use special medicines, candles, which help soften the clots. All liquids that are introduced into the ear canal should have a temperature of 36-38 degrees.

Cerumenolysis - the use of special drops

If the ear is blocked, cerumenolytics will help - drops, sprays on a water or oil basis, which soften the sulfur mass well, moisturize the mucous membrane.

What drops will help get rid of the sulfur plug:

A-Cerumen - produced in the form of drops and spray, the drug can be used to treat children over 2.5 years old, it is used for hygiene care, for preventive purposes.
Contraindications - otitis, pathology of the tympanic membrane. 1 ml of liquid should be instilled into the ear canal, after 1-2 minutes, rinse the ear with saline. The procedure is carried out twice a day for 3-4 days.
Remo-Vax - antiseptic, anti-inflammatory drops and oil-based spray, help to reduce secretory activity, narrow pores. Contraindications - pain, purulent discharge from the ear. Twice a day, 10-15 drops of the medicine should be instilled, kept in the ear canal for at least 20 minutes. The duration of treatment is 5 days.
Vaxol - drops based on olive oil, soften clots, create a protective film in the ear canal. The medicine should be instilled 2-3 times a day, 5-10 drops for 5 days.
Sodoglycerin potassium is prepared in pharmacies, the composition contains soda and glycerol. The drug is safe, effectively softens the plugs, twice a day, 5-10 drops of the drug should be administered, after a quarter of an hour, rinse the ear with warm water or saline.

A-Cerumen - effective drops for the ears

Often, after instillation of the ear, auditory perception worsens - this is due to the swelling of the cork. After a few minutes, it will begin to soften, hearing will return.

What to do with traffic jams - effective folk methods of removal

In addition to special medications, improvised means can be used to soften the accumulation of sulfur. You can use them only after consulting a doctor, they do an excellent job with traffic jams, but they are not suitable for the treatment of serious diseases.

Non-traditional means to combat traffic jams:

Almond seed oil - moisturizes the mucous membrane of the ear canal, softens the plugs, promotes their rapid removal. Warm up the product a little, inject 6–8 drops into the ear, insert the turunda. The procedure is carried out 3-4 times a day, after 3 days you can additionally rinse your ears with warm water.
Hydrogen peroxide is the most popular home remedy for congestion, and even doctors recognize its effectiveness. Tilt your head, drop 5–10 drops of the solution into the blocked ear, it should not flow out - after a few seconds, a hiss will begin, the clot will begin to dissolve, you need to hold the liquid for a quarter of an hour. Rinse the ear, remove the residual sulfur with a cotton pad. The procedure is carried out 2-4 times a day for 3-5 days.
Soda solution is used to wash the ears - mix 5 g of powder in 250 ml of water, fill the syringe without a needle. Tilt the head in the opposite direction from the diseased organ of hearing, direct the jet not clearly to the center, but slightly upwards so as not to damage the eardrum. After 1-2 minutes, tilt the head to the other side - the liquid will flow out along with the sulfur. The procedure should be carried out 2-3 times a day until the unpleasant symptoms disappear completely.

If in the process of using home remedies, the state of health does not improve, purulent discharge flows from the ear, you should immediately contact a specialist.

Almond seed oil moisturizes the ear mucosa

Using ear candles

Candles for dissolving ear plugs are not suppositories that dissolve under the influence of the heat of the human body, but ordinary wax candles soaked in essential oils and herbal extracts.

How to use candles correctly:

Squeeze the baby cream onto your fingers, make a light massage of the auricles.
Lie on one side, the sore ear should be on top, cover it with a clean thin napkin made of natural fabric, in the center of which make a hole for the candle.
Light a candle, insert into the hole.
The candle must burn down to the mark indicated on it, after which it must be extinguished and pulled out of the ear.
Remove sulfur with cotton swabs.
For a quarter of an hour, close the ear canal with a cotton turunda.

An ear candle will help unblock the ear canal

This method of therapy allows you to quickly unblock the ear canal, eliminate pain and inflammation. During the procedure, the blood supply to the tissues of the hearing organs improves, and nervousness disappears.

At the slightest suspicion of purulent otitis media, it is strictly forbidden to use candles.

Effects

Improper washing, ignoring the signs of a plug in the ear can cause serious complications, a sharp deterioration in well-being, complete or partial hearing loss is possible. With prolonged congestion of the ear, there is a constant pain of a throbbing nature, burning, itching, increased sensitivity to changes in temperature - unpleasant sensations can affect the head, neck, and shoulder area.

Consequences of ear plugs:

various kinds of otitis media, stenosis of the external canal;
inflammatory processes in the tissues of the cartilage of the middle ear;
perforation of the eardrum;
reflex effects occur due to the pressure of the plug on the nerve endings - increased sweating, heartburn, abdominal pain, constipation, cephalgia, arrhythmia, tachycardia,
heart failure.

If used improperly, home ear rinses can burn the outer or inner part of the ear, often resulting in deafness.

Ear plugs are a common problem in children and adults. With a tendency to form clots, it is necessary to bury cerumenolytics twice a month for prevention, insert a cotton swab moistened with any vegetable oil into the ear canal before water procedures, swim in pools and reservoirs only in protective caps.