Why only the left leg swells. Alternative remedies for swelling of the left leg

Edema is an excessive amount of fluid in the body. Most often, you can find swelling of the legs, eyes, i.e., individual parts of the body. Edema can be general (of the whole body) and localized (only the forearm, for example). Edema of the whole body occurs much less frequently, and this indicates the presence of a serious pathology. So, why do edema occur and how to get rid of them?

Causes

It should be understood that the disease in the initial stage will not lead to swelling of the whole body. This complication occurs with serious pathologies and advanced forms of various systemic diseases.

• heart diseases;
• kidney disease;
• liver disease;
• allergy;
• arterial pressure;
• thrombophlebitis;
• extensive burns;
• infections;
• preeclampsia, eclampsia;
• some inflammatory diseases

Depending on the etiology, the pathogenesis of edema may differ. Cardiac pathologies occupy almost 90% among all others, according to the frequency of occurrence of such a symptom as body edema. These are chronic heart failure, infective endocarditis, etc.

With heart disease, edema begins in the legs, the left and right sides swell in the same way. First they appear on the feet and legs, and then rise higher. There is an anasarca, ascites, hydrothorax, hydropericarditis. The patient has noticeable shortness of breath, acrocyanosis.

Kidney diseases are statistically on a par with cardiac pathologies. These include: nephritis, chronic and acute renal failure, malignant neoplasms of the kidneys, the development of diabetic nephropathy.

When the kidneys do not cope with their function, edema begins to appear. At first, they can be found in the morning under the eyes, if nothing is done, then the puffiness will spread throughout the body.

As a result of cirrhosis of the liver, fluid can linger in the body, which sweats into the abdominal cavity, thereby causing ascites. The skin becomes yellow and a venous network appears on the abdomen (this is called the "head of a jellyfish"). Soon the legs and lower back may swell. There may be a low amount of protein (albumin) in the blood.

Angioedema is a reaction of the body to an irritating factor, an allergen. Quincke's edema is a generalized edema. As a result of the action of the allergen, histamine and serotonin are produced in the body. in such cases, the pathogenesis will be as follows: the permeability of the capillary walls increases.

The edema develops extremely quickly, the lips, the entire face and neck swell. Urgent care is required, the count goes by the minute, and if you do not help in time, the edema can block the access of the respiratory tract, which will lead to respiratory arrest.

Edema can develop as a result of allergological tests, in the place where the test was made, a reaction from redness to swelling of the forearm is possible.

Puffiness can appear as a result of an increase in blood pressure and a decrease in the amount of protein (albumin) in the blood.

Thrombophlebitis is one of the causes of edema. The bloodstream must move, and for this reason, when a blockage occurs, fluid seeps through the walls and accumulates in the tissues. When you press on the edema, the skin will be red, over the place where there are thrombosis, it will be inflamed and painful.

Extensive burns and some serious infections can cause swelling of the body. They cause a reaction of the whole organism, the permeability of the walls of blood vessels increases, the liquid enters the intercellular space.

Preeclampsia and eclampsia are severe preeclampsia of pregnant women. This toxicosis manifests itself in late pregnancy. Edema can spread throughout the body in just a couple of hours. Fluid accumulates on the back, lower back, abdomen, vulva, legs. These diseases are characterized by the appearance of seizures. Why they occur is not completely clear, but the condition is very dangerous. Treatment should be carried out exclusively in a hospital, with constant medical supervision.

In addition, in pregnant women, such diseases can lead to edema: chronic glomerulonephritis, cardiovascular insufficiency.

In some diseases, swelling of the airways may occur. Pulmonary edema is also an emergency. The patient develops frothy red sputum. When providing first aid, the use of defoamers is necessary. Swelling of the upper respiratory tract occurs with an allergic reaction.

This disorder also occurs in children.

There are several serious infectious, inflammatory diseases that lead to swelling of the whole body and threaten the life of the baby. These are neonatal pathologies: bacterial sepsis and congenital viral infections (rubella, neonatal herpes, cytomegalovirus infection).

Intrauterine infection of the fetus occurs and the child is already born with a serious illness. There are times when a woman does not bear a child, a miscarriage occurs.

All therapeutic measures are aimed at fighting the infection, the normal functioning of the respiratory tract, the cardiovascular system, and, in general, the speedy recovery of the baby.

Symptoms

Looking at a person who has swelling of the body, it is clear that the parts of the body are swollen, as if increased in size. The skin ceases to be elastic, if you press the skin with your finger and release it, then a depression (fossa) will remain on it.

Edema will be located depending on the disease. In cardiovascular patients, edema is located on the legs (lower leg, ankle). If this is a bedridden patient, then the edema covers the lower back, sacrum. Sometimes, such diseases lead to the development of ascites, i.e., there will be an edematous anterior abdominal wall.

Kidney diseases leave swelling first on the face, then the ankle, lower leg, knee, abdomen, genitals, sacrum, lower back.

Quincke's edema spreads to the entire face, neck, internal organs also swell, this is the tongue, larynx, there is an overlap of the airways.

Treatment

The first step is to find out the causes of edema. The location of edema, instrumental and laboratory tests will help diagnose the disease.

Be sure to treat the underlying disease first. Treatment will depend on the pathology. In case of allergies, for example, antihistamines, hormones are prescribed, it is necessary to act quickly so that there is no overlap of the airways. When there are inflammatory processes - anti-inflammatory.

If the edema is very pronounced and has an extensive character, diuretic drugs are prescribed to get rid of them. In cases where there is no strong need, you can wait with the appointment of diuretics, because they remove salts and water from the body. When water is quickly excreted from the body, the viscosity of the blood increases, which in consequence threatens the formation of blood clots.

Together with diuretics, you can prescribe antiplatelet agents (help reduce the adhesion of blood cells), potassium preparations.

Nutrition plays an important role in the treatment of edema. It is impossible to get rid of edema and not change the diet. A special diet is prescribed, which includes diuretic products, a decrease in the amount of salt and fluid. Alcoholic beverages should be completely eliminated for a while.

Prevention

The main prevention is the timely treatment of diseases (causes of edema). Edema does not appear in a day, this is a consequence of a neglected disease. Of course, you need to avoid injuries, allergens, etc. If a person has an allergy, you should try to eliminate contact with the allergen. If no one is nearby and help is not provided in time, swelling of the airways may occur.

To avoid congestion in the vascular bed, it is worth remembering physical activity. Even if the work requires spending a lot of time at the table, you should take breaks and move as much as possible. Stagnant processes do not appear in a healthy body.

Bad habits negatively affect the state of the body. Overweight people should monitor their diet, you should try to eat more vegetables, less flour products.

You can get rid of edema, but nothing goes without a trace for the body. Therefore, it is better to prevent such a condition than to deal with the consequences later.

general information
Edema of the legs is a symptom that is manifested by visible swelling of the lower extremities, an increase from the circumference, and, as a rule, other symptoms and discomfort.

There are many causes of leg swelling. These can be general diseases (for example, cardiac edema of the legs), as well as directly pathologies of the lower extremities. Swelling of the legs can be unilateral and bilateral, have varying degrees of severity (swelling of the fingers and feet, or up to the thigh). Based on these signs, as well as additional symptoms, the doctor can make a definite diagnosis for the patient.

Below we look at the most common causes of leg swelling.

Excess fluid intake
Sometimes swelling of the legs can occur in perfectly healthy people. They are associated with excessive consumption of water and salt. Most often, such swelling of the legs occurs in the summer in the heat.

During hot weather, a person consumes a large amount of fluid that enters the bloodstream and does not always have time to be excreted from the body with sweat and urine. If at the same time a large amount of salt is present in food, then, entering the body, it contributes to the retention of fluid in it. As a result, the heart ceases to cope with a large amount of blood, and first of all it stagnates in the lower extremities. Many other factors can contribute to stagnation:
overweight: in overweight people, legs swell more often in summer, since it is more difficult for the heart to push blood through a large amount of adipose tissue;
the work of many people involves a long stay in a sitting or standing position: in this case, the blood flow is less intense, blood stagnation occurs more easily;
sedentary lifestyle.

In this case, swelling of the legs may not indicate any disease. It is enough to reduce the amount of fluid and salt consumed, and they will pass on their own. But still, all people with this problem should visit a doctor and consult.

Total information
Edema (swelling) is an excessive accumulation of fluid in organs, tissues and cells. Most often, puffiness is understood as swelling of the subcutaneous tissue, the so-called swelling of the skin. They can be located on different areas of the body, have different sizes, and be accompanied by various additional symptoms.

Depending on the cause, edema of the following varieties is distinguished:
hydrostatic - develop due to the fact that the outflow of blood from the organs is difficult due to the weakness of the heart muscle, the presence of various obstacles to blood flow;
hypoproteinemic, in which, due to the fact that the amount of protein in the blood is reduced, the liquid enters the tissues, where the osmotic pressure is higher;
membrane-genetic, in which there is a violation of the integrity of the walls of blood vessels, as a result of which the fluid freely leaves them;
neurogenic - as a result of the fact that the nervous system inadequately controls the function of blood vessels;
inflammatory process - edema is always an integral part of inflammation of an infectious or allergic nature.

There are a huge number of diseases that can cause edema.
When are edema normal?

A slight swelling of the legs in the evenings may well be normal. However, this does not mean that in such a situation you can do nothing. It is best to visit a therapist and undergo an examination, take measures aimed at preventing varicose veins of the lower extremities.

Sometimes swelling on the face in the morning is the result of a large amount of liquid drunk at night. It is worth simply limiting the amount of water consumed, especially before bedtime. You can also limit the amount of salt in your diet. If the swelling still persists, then it is worth visiting a therapist or nephrologist.

Almost all pregnant women are concerned about slight swelling in the legs during pregnancy. Most of the time, there's nothing wrong with that. But at the same time, it is better to visit a antenatal clinic doctor in order not to miss such a condition as preeclampsia in pregnant women.

Everyone is familiar with blisters and small swellings that occur at the sites of action of allergens: upon contact with nettles, after a mosquito bite, etc. These local swellings most often do not pose any danger and disappear on their own soon after contact with the allergen is stopped. But sometimes they are huge and require medical attention. These cases will be discussed below.

Heart disease
Edema can be caused by any heart disease that is accompanied by heart failure, a condition characterized by the inability of the heart to fully perform its pumping functions. Such pathologies, accompanied by swelling, include:
arterial hypertension;
increased pressure in the vessels of the lungs with their diseases;
heart valve defects, congenital or caused by past diseases (rheumatism, syphilis, etc.);
angina pectoris - insufficient blood flow to the heart, which is often accompanied by a violation of its normal functioning;
myocarditis - an inflammatory process in the heart muscle;
cardiomyopathy - damage to the heart due to metabolic disorders;
arrhythmias - in violation of the normal rhythm of the heart, its contractions, even if they have sufficient strength, are incorrect and do not provide normal blood flow.

Edema of the eyelids is a symptom that is accompanied by excessive fluid filling of the subcutaneous fat of the eyelids and their swelling. It can appear due to various diseases of a local or general nature. The tendency of the eyelids to puffiness is explained by the extremely loose structure of their subcutaneous fat, a large number of blood vessels and weakness of the muscles surrounding the eyes and eyelids.

Edema of the eyelids can be unilateral or bilateral, affect both eyelids or be localized on one of them. There are three main varieties:

• inflammatory swelling of the eyelids- proceeds against the background of redness, soreness when touched and an increase in the temperature of the skin of the eyelids, more often it is one-sided;
• allergic swelling of the eyelids(or angioedema angioedema) - occurs against the background of painlessness, itching and is not accompanied by other manifestations, appears suddenly and quickly disappears, is more often unilateral and is located on the upper eyelid;
• non-inflammatory swelling of the eyelids- occurs against the background of normal or pale skin color, painlessness and the absence of an increase in the temperature of the skin of the eyelids (the skin may be cool), is more often bilateral and is combined with swelling of other parts of the body, more pronounced in the morning.

Swelling of the eyelids can have many different causes:

• inflammatory diseases of the eyes and other organs of a viral or infectious nature - conjunctivitis. eyelid abscesses, blepharitis. barley. phlegmon of the lacrimal sac, dacryocystitis. pseudotumor, abscesses of the orbit or lacrimal gland, endophthalmitis, iridocyclitis. inflammatory diseases of the paranasal sinuses, SARS, etc.;
• allergic reactions - to insect bites, to cosmetic and skin care products, to food. medicines, plant pollen, etc.;
• systemic diseases - diseases of the thyroid gland, pituitary gland, kidneys, heart and blood vessels, gastrointestinal organs;
• eye cancer;
• trauma;
• violation of lymphatic drainage;
• wrong mode of the day, lack of sleep, eye strain;
• bad habits;
• violations in the diet and excess salt in dishes;
• leakage of cerebrospinal fluid;
• congenital structural features of the eyelids.

Edema refers to the accumulation of excessive amounts of fluid in body tissues. To date, experts distinguish several types of this condition, namely general and local edema. As for local edema, it is noted only in a limited area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe body. But with general edema in the human body, from four to nine liters of fluid accumulate. Most often, this kind of condition signal the development of a certain disease. So, for example, in the case of the development of heart failure in a patient, the feet and legs swell at first, and then the sacrum, lower back, subcutaneous tissue, pericardial and peritoneal cavity, and so on.

Swelling of the legs, anterior abdominal wall and lower back can also signal the onset of the late stage of liver cirrhosis. Most often, this condition is also accompanied by ascites. With various pathologies of the kidneys, swelling is observed in most cases, both on the face and on the whole body. The area around the eyes is especially swollen. This fact is explained by the fact that the kidneys can no longer remove from the body the required amount of not only water, but also salt. The development of edema in pathologies of the kidneys, cardiovascular system and liver directly depends on the resulting endocrine changes, in which there is an increase in the production of aldosterone, which tends to retain sodium ions in the tissues of the body. As a result, fluid is also retained in the body.

Certain parts of the body may swell due to hormonal disorders. This happens especially often in the presence of pathologies of the endocrine glands. It is also worth noting the fact that a very prolonged fasting can also provoke the development of edema. In the case of thrombophlebitis in a patient, local swelling of the tissues is most often noted. This happens as a result of impaired blood circulation through the veins located just below the thrombus. In addition to swelling at the site of the lesion, an inflammatory process can also be observed, as well as blanching of the skin. Burn. erysipelas. boil - all these phenomena can also cause the development of inflammatory swelling.

As for the swelling of the legs in the presence of varicose veins, in this case the process proceeds very slowly. At first, the patient does not pay any attention to this fact, since the legs swell in the initial stages only after a long stay in an upright position. In the future, the pathology, of course, progresses. In addition to swelling in such patients, there is also pigmentation on the skin, as well as ulceration. In most cases, varicose veins only affect one leg, not both.

Sometimes swelling of the legs can also signal the presence of some other ailment. It can be both thrombosis and deep vein thrombosis or acute or chronic heart failure. Edema in the legs can also appear in the presence of acute thrombophlebitis, not only superficial, but also deep veins. It should be noted that this disease is also accompanied by other obvious signs, namely, an increase in body temperature, pain along the veins, and redness of the skin. There are also cases when the legs swell due to a violation of the outflow of interstitial fluid through the lymphatic vessels. In any case, they always appear for some reason, so you should not leave this fact without due attention.

The most common complication after a radical mastectomy is considered to be swelling of the arm. This fact is due to the fact that during surgery it is necessary to cross a fairly large number of small lymphatic vessels, which are located precisely in the subclavian and axillary regions. As a result, there is a violation of the outflow of lymph from the hand. The development of edema in this case is also possible due to scarring of the wound that remains after such a surgical intervention. As a result, lymphovenous insufficiency makes itself felt.

Measures to prevent lymphatic edema of the hand
We note right away that there are a lot of such measures, so carefully read each of them. In the very first place, it is worth paying the attention of such patients to the fact that they should pay special attention to any even the most insignificant swelling in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bboth the arm and chest, hand or fingers. In addition, it is very important not to use the diseased upper limb for blood sampling or injection. Use your healthy arm or leg to measure your blood pressure. It is especially important to follow all the rules of hygiene. after bathing, the hand must be wiped very carefully, but at the same time very carefully. All folds should be dry. In no case should you make sudden movements with your sore hand, as well as lift weights with it. The bag should only be carried in the healthy hand. In addition, it is worth abandoning all jewelry. It is better to forget about them for a while and put them aside.

If you wash dishes or bathe, make sure that the water is constantly at the same temperature. You should not take very hot baths, as well as go to the bath or sauna. Always make sure that the sore hand is covered from the sun. To prevent the development of swelling of the hand after a radical mastectomy, one should also protect the hand from cuts and burns. bumps, insect bites, and so on. You are obliged to alert and any symptoms of infection in this area. When doing any housework, it is best to wear gloves. For a while, refuse to cut the cuticle during a manicure. In case of pain in the arm area, leave everything, lie down and raise your arm up. It is advisable to engage in some favorite sport. It can be either light aerobics or yoga. swimming, regular walking, cycling.

If you are going to travel by air, then be sure to get yourself a compression sleeve of your size. Try to drink plenty of fluids during the flight. Choosing the right bra is also important. The most important thing is that there are no “delays” in its composition and that it does not hamper your movements. If you need to remove hair in the armpit area, use only an electric razor. Follow all the rules of a healthy lifestyle. Never drink alcohol or smoke. You should also follow a special diet. Only those foods should be eaten. containing easily digestible protein. It can be chicken, fish and other foods. And yet, do not forget that the doctor should be visited at least once every four months.

Pulmonary edema almost always develops at the most unexpected moment, and in a fairly short period of time. In medical practice, there are also chronic and subacute forms of pulmonary edema. There are plenty of reasons that can provoke the occurrence of this phenomenon. This is an increase in vascular permeability, and an increase in negative interstitial pressure, and an increase in pressure in the pulmonary capillaries, and insufficiency of the lymphatic vessels, and a decrease in oncotic pressure.

Various lesions of the cardiovascular system can also cause the development of pulmonary edema. So, for example, in acute left-sided heart failure in the region of the left ventricle, there is a significant increase in end-diastolic pressure. As a result, the left ventricle cannot empty completely during systole, which leads to pulmonary edema. In the case of mitral stenosis, a very large amount of blood is pushed into the lungs. It is clear that all this blood cannot pass through a very narrow mitral opening, which again leads to pulmonary edema. Very often, with swelling of the lungs in patients with heart failure, there are nocturnal attacks of suffocation, accompanied by shortness of breath. This happens because with swelling of the lungs there is a narrowing, as well as obstruction of the airways.

Various diseases of the respiratory organs can also provoke the development of pulmonary edema. The lungs can also swell with uremia, with inhalation of toxic components or smoke, at the time of drowning, with silicosis of the lungs. In the latter case, everything is explained by the failure of the lymphatic vessels. Sometimes even reactions to certain drugs lead to swelling of the lungs. Most often, this phenomenon is observed when using apressin, furadonin And myelosana. Kidney pathologies can also provoke the development of this condition. liver. hypoalbuminemia, enteropathy, skull trauma, drug overdose, rapid ascent to altitude, and so on.

Modern experts on the clinical course of this condition distinguish three of its forms - it is fulminant, acute, and also prolonged pulmonary edema. In the first case, the lungs swell instantly, in the second - within an hour, and in the third case - within one to two days. There are also two main forms of this condition. The first form of pulmonary edema is accompanied by increased blood pressure in the systemic and pulmonary circulation, as well as an increased stroke volume of the heart. It is observed mainly in patients suffering from aortic valve insufficiency or arterial hypertension. In the second form of pulmonary edema, there is normal or reduced blood pressure in the systemic circulation, a reduced stroke volume of the heart, as well as increased blood pressure in the pulmonary artery. It occurs most often in acute pneumonia. aortic or mitral stenosis, as well as transmural myocardial infarction. In all cases, patients complain of shortness of breath, rapid pulse, moderate cyanosis, asthma attacks, bubbling breathing.

Between the eyeball and the orbit there is a layer of adipose tissue necessary for the function of a shock absorber. In medicine, this layer is called periorbital fiber. It is separated from the skin of the eyelid by the so-called orbital septum, which tends to keep it inside the orbit. A few years ago, scientists were of the opinion that edema and bags under the eyes are formed as a result of stretching or sagging of the connective tissue membrane or due to the loss of its former elasticity. However, already in the year 2008, scientists managed to establish that bags under the eyes can appear for two reasons, namely, due to the growth or swelling of adipose tissue. If the occurrence of bags under the eyes is due to puffiness, then in most cases they are especially strong after sleep. In the evening, they become almost invisible.

Causes contributing to the development of eyelid edema in children
We note immediately that there are plenty of such reasons. One of them is considered to be genetics. If this condition is transmitted to the child genetically, then it must necessarily be observed in at least one close relative. Insufficient sleep can also cause swelling of the periorbital tissue, so children should be allowed to sleep as much as they want. Salt is another common cause that contributes to the development of puffiness in children. It is very important that parents prepare not too salty food for their beloved children. There should be little salt in the child's diet, as it tends to retain water in the body. Quite a variety of pathologies can also cause swelling of the eyelids. It could be like heart disease. and diseases of the urinary tract, kidneys. liver. respiratory infections. allergic diseases, inflammation of the sinuses. Puffiness of the eyelids can also be observed with vegetative-vascular dystonia. low hemoglobin. increased intracranial pressure, metabolic disorders.

Quite often, the eyelids swell and when the child is excessively tired, especially if he kept his eyes in suspense for a very long time, sitting at the computer or in front of the TV or reading a book. Surprisingly, the eyes can swell even due to the fact that the child simply has fair skin or has some peculiarities in the structure of the eyes. In such cases, a capillary network appears through the skin of the eyelids, which causes the development of dark circles and puffiness. In hot weather, children also often have swollen eyelids.

To save a child from this pathological condition, one should pay special attention to his lifestyle. First of all, it is necessary to provide him with eight hours of sleep, as well as daily walks in the fresh air. The child must necessarily engage in some kind of sport that can distract him from his studies, as well as strengthen the defenses of his body. If you have a computer at home, try to limit the amount of time your child spends on it. If your child has any chronic pathology, it should be cured, and as soon as possible. From time to time it is necessary to carry out courses of therapy and some herbal preparations, which are endowed with a calming property. Only by following all these rules, you can save your child from bags, as well as swelling under the eyes.

The risk of developing edema in expectant mothers directly depends on the duration of pregnancy. The longer the period, the higher the probability. All edema is the result of an excessive amount of fluid in the body and they are observed mainly in the lower parts of the human body. According to statistics, today this condition is observed in about seventy-five percent of pregnant women.

There are actually plenty of reasons for the development of puffiness in this period. First of all, it is worth noting that the so-called additional blood is formed in the body of every expectant mother. In addition, the uterus grows in pregnant women, which in turn leads to compression of the pelvic veins, as well as a large vein, which is located on the right side of the body. It is in these veins that blood from the lower parts of the body enters. As a result, the person has a slowed down process of blood circulation. Since the blood cannot circulate normally, this leads to the fact that fluid begins to accumulate in the tissues of not only the legs, but also the ankles. Sometimes expectant mothers also have an excess of water in the body, which can also cause swelling.

How dangerous is swelling during pregnancy?
In most cases, this phenomenon does not pose any danger, especially if the lower part of the body swells. If the edema is noted in the face area, and it persists for a sufficiently long period of time, then the pregnant woman should get a specialist consultation as soon as possible. The fact is that such swelling, accompanied by high blood pressure. may signal the onset of late toxicosis of pregnant women. This pathological condition cannot be ignored. In such cases, expectant mothers are most often placed in a hospital and kept under constant supervision.

If the future mother's lower limbs swell, then she needs to follow some rules every day. So, for example, such women are recommended to move more. The fact is that a sedentary lifestyle will only increase puffiness, but constant movement will help prevent excessive accumulation of fluid. It is also important in such cases to lie only with your legs raised up. Pregnant women should drink at least three liters of water per day. This is explained by the fact that with a lack of fluid, the body involuntarily begins to retain it. As a result, swelling. It is very good to perform every morning and special physical exercises. Try to minimize your intake of foods high in sodium. These are salted nuts, and olives and other products. If you want to lie down, then lie down on your left, not on your right side. Before you get out of bed early in the morning, start by putting on high-waisted tights. They will help prevent stagnation of blood in the ankles.

In conclusion, we note that most often within a few days after childbirth, this condition disappears on its own. This is due to the fact that immediately after the birth of a child, a woman loses a fairly large amount of fluid.

Laryngeal edema most often makes itself felt against the background of both inflammatory and non-inflammatory lesions of this organ. The location of the edema in this case is the accumulation of loose submucosal tissue of the larynx. This can be either the surface of the epiglottis from the side of the tongue, or the vestibular folds, the subglottic space, and the scoop-epiglottic folds. This condition can be both diffuse and limited.

What are the reasons for the development of this disease?
Laryngeal edema can occur both as a result of chemical, mechanical or thermal injury to the larynx or pharyngeal mucosa, and against the background of an allergic reaction, pathology of the cardiovascular system or kidneys. acute infectious disease. The development of this pathological condition can also be caused by collateral edema, which arose as a result of pathological changes in the pharynx or in the cervical lymph nodes. Neoplasms in the larynx and neck phlegmon in acute or phlegmonous laryngitis can also provoke swelling of this area.

What are the symptoms of this pathology?
With the development of edema of the larynx, the patient may be disturbed by a wide variety of symptoms. It all depends on the location of the edema, and on its severity. Sometimes patients feel only minor pain and discomfort at the site of the lesion. In others, a very sharp difficulty in the breathing process may be noted. In such cases, there is a significant stenosis of the lumen of the larynx. When carrying out laryngoscopy, it is possible to see a diffuse or limited neoplasm in the form of a tumor, endowed with a pale pink tint. In addition, such patients lack the contours of the details of the larynx.

What are the treatments for laryngeal edema?
With swelling of the larynx, patients in all cases are placed in a hospital. The fact is that with this disease, a very rapid increase in the site of the lesion is quite possible, which can provoke stenosis of the larynx, so patients should always be under the supervision of specialists. The patient with this disease is first given pieces of ice, which should be constantly swallowed. In addition, an ice pack is applied to the neck. In such cases, distraction therapy is also used, involving the use of cans and mustard plasters, as well as hot foot baths. The patient is allowed to inhale oxygen, and inhalations of aerosols of antibiotics are also carried out. In this case, you can not do without the help of dehydration therapy, diuretics, antihistamines. In some cases, even intranasal novocaine blockade is used.

In fact, cerebral edema in modern medical practice is quite common. This condition can be caused by a wide variety of reasons. Sometimes it occurs as a result of even a common cold. flu condition or acute respiratory viral infection (ARVI). The most important thing in its development is to quickly identify it and begin a truly effective treatment.

What is cerebral edema?
Cerebral edema is a disease accompanied by the accumulation of a very large amount of water in the tissues of not only the brain, but also the spinal cord. This fact is due to a violation of the normal movement of water, as well as a metabolic disorder in the human body. We note immediately that this pathology is extremely serious and dangerous. It tends to provoke an increase in pressure in the skull area in the very first place. In addition, it causes a disorder of consciousness. Swelling of the brain stem is especially dangerous. since in such cases there is a serious violation of the respiratory function and blood supply. In addition, against the background of this disease, a syndrome of infringement or displacement of the brain can also develop.

What are the symptoms of cerebral edema?
In the very first place, a person begins to experience excessive drowsiness, as well as difficulty in orienting not only in his general condition, but also in the surrounding space. In this case, a complete loss of orientation is quite possible, even when talking with other people. Quite often at such patients convulsive states, and also some other disturbances of respiratory and cardiovascular working capacity are noted.

Therapy of cerebral edema is in most cases conservative. It is aimed primarily at reducing intracranial pressure, normalizing the normal process of breathing and blood circulation. Special diuretic drugs help to reduce blood pressure. In the case of prolonged absence of treatment, patients may also experience disturbances in the functioning of the cerebral cortex. Such patients should be provided with complete rest, which is why they are prescribed strict bed rest. It is also important to note the fact that in the room in which the patient is located, a free flow of air must be maintained all the time. If the general state of health worsens, the patient is taken to the hospital for a dehydration method of therapy. This method of treatment is based on the intravenous administration of a solution of sodium chloride, as well as a solution of magnesium sulfate and glucose. Most often, in the fight against this pathological condition, medicines such as hypothiazide, cortisone, phonuritis, prednisolin, merkusal and some others. It is possible that the patient will also be prescribed special antihistamines such as pernovina. Increasingly, ganglion blocking drugs are also used in the treatment of cerebral edema. Most importantly, do not forget that with the development of this very serious disease, it is necessary to act without delay.

In most cases, edema occurs in such areas of the body as the pleural and abdominal cavity, limbs, subcutaneous fat, scrotum and pericardial sac. In the case of the development of puffiness, not only an increase in the volume of a certain area of ​​the body is observed, but also a change in its shape. You can fight puffiness in a very variety of ways, including through traditional medicine. Right now, some recipes of traditional medicine will be presented to your attention, which can be used in the fight against edema of various origins.

The first recipe is as follows: you need to take one or two tablespoons of birch leaves and steam them for sixty to one hundred and twenty minutes in half a liter of boiled water. The resulting infusion is filtered and taken orally in the third part of the glass in the morning, at lunchtime, in the evening and before going to bed. It is best to take this folk remedy before meals. With it, you can get rid of not only puffiness, but also from difficult urination.

The fruits of parsley are also considered to be an excellent diuretic, through which you can significantly reduce the swelling of certain parts of the body. From this plant it is best to prepare a special infusion. The recipe for its preparation is quite simple: you need to take one tablespoon of fruits, pour them with two glasses of boiled water and leave to infuse for eight to ten hours. After this, it is recommended to strain the infusion and take one tablespoon during the day. If there is no time to prepare an infusion, then simply take the fruits of parsley, grind them thoroughly to a powder form and take the resulting powder one gram three to five times a day before meals. The required amount of powder should be washed down with boiled warm water.

Perfectly cope with edema and bearberry leaves. Take one tablespoon of raw materials and steam it for one hundred and twenty minutes in one glass of boiling water. Such an infusion is taken in the amount of one tablespoon three times - four times a day. It should be noted that the infusion of bearberry leaves is not only diuretic, but also disinfectant, as well as antiseptic, so that it can be used to treat pathologies such as chronic cystitis. as well as inflammatory diseases of the kidneys and bladder.

The eryngium is another medicinal plant that has been widely used in the fight against puffiness for a very long time. In this case, we need the roots, as well as the grass of this plant. A special decoction should be prepared from them: we take one tablespoon of raw materials, pour it with one glass of boiled water and leave it to infuse for two to three hours. The resulting product is filtered and taken orally two to three tablespoons three to five times a day.

People who have swelling of certain parts of the body cannot do without the grass of the meadowsweet. The recipe for preparing an infusion from this plant is quite simple: you should take one or two tablespoons of the herb of this medicinal plant and steam it in two glasses of boiled water for one hundred and twenty minutes. The resulting remedy is taken in half a glass three times a day in a warm form. It should be taken before meals.

As with a general malaise, and with a particular pathology, edema often makes itself felt. They are swelling of tissues, which occurs due to a pathological increase in the amount of interstitial fluid. Interstitial fluid, in turn, is formed in most cases from blood plasma and accumulates during a very rapid transition of fluid into the interstitial space or into the anatomical cavities from the vascular bed.

About a third of the body of each person consists of liquid. Approximately seventy percent of it is located in the cells, but the remaining thirty percent are in the intercellular space. It should be noted that cellular and extracellular fluid are in constant relationship. They exchange not only carbohydrates, but also vitamins. proteins, amino acids, as well as fatty acids and some other useful substances. With all this, the volume of both cellular and extracellular fluid remains the same all the time. Moreover, not only their volume remains unchanged, but also their composition.

It should be noted that the extracellular fluid tends to be divided into blood plasma and fluid, the location of which is the intercellular space. By means of blood plasma, metabolic products are transferred to the places of their excretion and consumption. But thanks to the fluid of the intercellular space, metabolic products enter the cells from the blood. Excessive accumulation of fluid between the cells just the same becomes the cause of the development of edema.

Local edema makes itself felt mainly in the pathologies of the lymphatic vessels, veins or allergic ailments. But general edema is formed due to pathologies of the kidneys. gastrointestinal tract, cardiovascular system or liver. With allergic pathologies, as a rule, the face swells. This swelling is also called angioedema. But in the case of narrowing of the inferior vena cava, swelling of both lower extremities is noted. This swelling is called bilateral. Isolated swelling of the limb can be observed as with venous

Tom:
Hello! My dad's entire right side was swollen: his face, arm, leg, his stomach was swollen, it was also hard to breathe. What could it be?

Doctor's answer: Hello Tom.
There can be several reasons for this kind of swelling. But the symptoms are more similar to brain damage. If the condition is acute, then you should definitely call an ambulance.

The sudden onset of such symptoms can be with ischemic stroke, and there is also an increase in blood pressure and headache. When the pressure rises, you should drink 1/2 capoten tablet, put aspirin under the tongue and wait for the ambulance to arrive. In this case, the ambulance should take you to the neurological hospital on duty, where they will conduct additional examinations and prescribe treatment.

In ischemic stroke, therapy will include vascular, nootropic, metabolic drugs, diuretics to relieve edema, drugs that improve the rheological properties of the blood, which prevent the formation of blood clots. Swelling of one side of the body can also be with a neoplasm of the brain. Therefore, it will be necessary to do an MRI of the brain with contrast to exclude a serious pathology.

With pathology from the side of the central nervous system, along with swelling of half of the body, speech disorders, lethargy, headaches, and dizziness may occur. If swelling occurs periodically, then you need to contact a therapist and urgently undergo a full examination. It is necessary to take tests for thyroid hormones, since this symptom may be associated specifically with the thyroid system, blood biochemistry to exclude liver pathology. An electrocardiogram should also be performed to rule out cardiac pathology. To identify renal pathology, a general urine test should be taken.

Also, local edema may be due to neurogenic pathology, for example, with syringomyelia, which is confirmed by MRI diagnostics of the spine. If the regulation of water-electrolyte metabolism is disturbed, edema periodically occurs, may decrease, occurs due to metabolic disorders, intoxication of the body, and alcoholism.

Either way, your dad needs urgent medical attention. In the case of a serious pathology, untimely treatment can lead to serious consequences.
Health to you and your loved ones!

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Is your left leg swollen? In very rare cases, this can be a life-threatening condition. This article provides information on what to do if you notice swelling in your legs, especially swelling in your left leg. Leg swelling can be a common problem for many people. Leg swelling generally refers to swelling of any part of the leg, including the ankles, thighs, and calves. There are many causes of leg swelling, but in any case, all of these causes are due to the accumulation of fluid or inflammation of the joints or tissues. Often these causes are caused by trauma, prolonged sitting or standing, or even a more serious medical condition (blood clot or circulation problems). In some cases, it is the left leg that can swell more than the right leg.

Causes of swelling of the left leg

In many cases, swelling of the legs occurs evenly, with none of the legs appearing more edematous than the other. But sometimes one leg swells while the other remains relatively normal. Common causes of water retention or inflammation are related to arthritis, an injury affecting only one leg, or problems with a blood clot. Here is more information about the causes of leg swelling.

The cause of swelling of the left leg is arthritis. If you have severe arthritis in your knee or ankle, this can lead to severe leg swelling. It can also be a very painful condition that can make it difficult to move or bend your leg. In severe arthritis, it may not even be possible to transfer weight to the affected limb. Arthritis can be a very serious condition that requires medical attention to prevent further damage to the foot.

The cause of the swelling of the left leg is in a blood clot. Many people believe that the formation of a blood clot in any area of ​​the body is accompanied by pain, but this is not always the case. Sometimes the first and only symptom of a blood clot in one leg is swelling. Other symptoms may include: lack of sensation in the leg or pain in the affected area, even tingling, numbness. The left leg may feel hot and cold, but not the right. It is important to get immediate medical attention if you suspect a blood clot.

The reason for the swelling of the left and right legs is water retention. This is one of the most common causes of swelling, but it affects both legs. Water retention can be caused by standing for long periods of time, but can also be the result of serious problems such as kidney failure or heart disease.

Trauma - as the cause of swelling of the left leg. If your foot has been injured in any way, swelling may be considered a normal problem until the injury has healed. A broken leg, severe bruising, or other type of injury can cause the leg to swell. Unfortunately, this type of swelling can increase pain from an injury. Therefore, you need to talk to your doctor about what can be done to relieve swelling.

Other causes of leg swelling

Other causes that lead to fluid buildup in the legs are kidney problems, heart problems, blood clots in the legs, hormonal treatments, pregnancy, and certain prescription drugs. Sometimes even ibuprofen, a drug used to reduce inflammation, can cause swelling. Many injuries can lead to inflammation and swelling of the affected area.

How can you determine the swelling of the left leg?

Sometimes the left leg may look a little more swollen than the right. How edema is this? First, look at the left and right foot from both sides. Is one greater than the other? Swollen feet may look shiny or glossy, and may even feel "tight" in the skin. You can also do a simple test: just press your toe on your foot. Will there be a mark on the place of pressure? This is a sign of serious edema. Call your doctor if you have swelling in one or both legs.

Treatment of swelling of the left leg

In many cases, leg swelling can be eliminated using rest, ice, compression, and elevation. Place your leg on a pillow above your heart, put on compression stockings to help relieve swelling, and apply ice to the painful area.

To help reduce swelling in the legs will help:

1) low salt diet
2) intense exercise that promotes the flow of blood through your legs;
3) wear elastic stockings;
4) lose weight if you have to;
5) Tell your doctor about all the medications you are taking.

Also, keep your foot elevated, don't stand for long periods of time, and move around frequently instead of sitting.

Since there is no way to determine the true cause of swelling of the left leg, be sure to visit a doctor.

When do you need to urgently see a doctor?

Sometimes a visit to the doctor can't wait. If the left leg is swollen and other symptoms occur, you need to call an ambulance. Dangerous symptoms are:
1) swelling occurs for no apparent reason and very suddenly;
2) swelling is the result of an accident or injury.

If you experience chest pain, fainting and dizziness, confusion, difficulty breathing, you need to urgently call an ambulance, as these symptoms indicate a very serious illness.

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In case of violation of metabolic processes, the body may suffer from a lack of fluid, which forms dehydration, or, on the contrary, its excessive retention in the tissues, which is manifested by hidden or pronounced edema.

Puffiness is formed due to various reasons, and this is not always excessive consumption of water or salt. Disorders of protein and carbohydrate metabolism, endocrine disorders with changes in the balance of hormones, infectious and somatic pathologies, allergic reactions and inflammatory processes can provoke edema of different localization and severity.

Swelling can occur in any part of the body where there are soft tissues that can hold fluid. In this case, water accumulates in the body cavities, in the intercellular space or inside the cells. The mechanism of edema formation is different, as are the reasons that lead to swelling of the body or certain parts of it.
Origin may be:

• physiological, associated with changes in external environmental conditions or restructuring of metabolic processes, as, for example, during pregnancy: the growth of the uterus leads to compression of the inferior vena cava, which makes it difficult for blood to return to the heart through the veins, stagnation is formed in the lower extremities with swelling;
• pathological, arising due to various failures in metabolic processes, which leads to fluid retention in certain areas, disrupting the functionality and structure of tissues and organs.

By itself, edema is not a disease, it is a pathological symptom (a sign of illness), indicating the presence of water-salt balance disorders. They can be local, appearing in a certain part of the body, organ or cavity, in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe limb, face, neck or genitals. At the same time, other areas of the body do not suffer from fluid retention and function normally.

Systemic edema is characterized by a relatively uniform distribution of fluid throughout the body, in the intercellular space and body cavities, in severe cases affecting the intracellular sector.

Edema - what is it, what types are

Based on what factors act as the cause of edema and the mechanisms for the development of the pathological process, there are several special types of pathology that have specific external manifestations.

Inflammatory- formed in the area of ​​tissue damage and exposure to inflammatory mediators, the activity of microbes or viruses, and other causes. Typically, such edema affects soft tissues and organs, and is formed as a result of the active influence of inflammatory mediators on vascular permeability.

Allergic- in many respects it is similar in the mechanism of development to the previous type, but puffiness has several other causes, it is formed as a result of the action of allergy mediators on tissues - histamine, bradykinin and some others. Due to their influence, the lumen of the capillaries changes, vascular permeability sharply increases, the liquid part of the blood rushes from the vessels into the tissues, quickly forming edema, especially in loose, hydrophilic tissues.

Toxic Species- are similar in their formation mechanisms to inflammatory and allergic ones, but toxic, toxic compounds, which often also reduce blood viscosity, act as factors leading to increased vascular permeability. Such edema is dangerous because it can affect large areas, up to a general lesion of the body.

Edema on the background of starvation associated with a deficiency of proteins that act as a kind of "magnets" for water molecules, preventing them from leaving the vessels. If there are much more proteins in the tissues than inside the vessels, they pull water molecules onto themselves, trapping them in the tissues. A certain amount of plasma proteins forms oncotic pressure, which is higher inside the vessels than in the intercellular space. With the loss of protein on the background of starvation (or with severe kidney damage, when more than 1 g / l of protein is lost in the urine), the oncotic pressure of the plasma changes relative to the intercellular space. Fluid rushes into the tissues. The expression "to swell from hunger" is associated with this process.

Lymphogenic arising due to impaired circulation of lymph in the capillaries, collecting it from parts of the body and delivering it to the venous network, from which edema is localized in regions rich in lymphatic capillaries and venous plexuses - venous plexuses, they are also cava-caval anastomoses, inter- and intrasystemic anastomoses veins (limbs, chest cavity).

neurogenic are associated with a disruption in the functioning of nerve fibers or sensory endings, which is why vascular tone and their permeability to fluid are poorly controlled due to expansion or spasm at the right time. Such edema usually develops in the affected parts of the body, innervated by the damaged trunk or, if we are talking about the brain centers (for example, with a stroke), the projection of the affected area.

Puffiness of the body: causes

Often there is both subtle and quite pronounced swelling of the body, the causes of which may be associated with pathologies of internal organs, somatic or infectious diseases, poisoning or injuries.

idiopathic

It is assumed that the endocrine factor, a change in the balance of hormones, especially the estrogen series, is the leading factor in the development. The assumption is based on their more frequent formation in women of young and middle age. Such edema occurs against the background of hot weather and stress, fluid accumulates in those parts of the body that are most susceptible to the influence of gravity: in a standing position, these are the lower limbs and partially upper ones, in a prone position, the lower body.

cardiac

Associated with a violation of the pumping function of the heart muscle (myocardium), which is not able to pump the volume of blood that is necessary for full blood flow in the arteries and veins. Edema in this case is associated with stagnation of blood in the area of ​​venous vessels, especially distant from the heart and having a small diameter, formed in the evening, after an active day or sports activities, expressed in the area of ​​the hands, feet, spreading upward. In heart failure, swelling is severe, can reach the groin and abdomen, shoulders and spread throughout the body, when resting in an upright position, they decrease or are distributed in the body cavities, along the back, and chest.

Renal

The causes of body edema are hidden in the violation of the mechanisms of filtration and reabsorption of water and salts, as well as the loss of proteins by the kidneys in the presence of inflammatory processes. The function of the kidneys may suffer if there is a violation of their blood supply and hypoxia of the renal tissue, which leads to the release of factors (biologically active substances) that increase pressure and promote the removal of fluid from the vessels into the tissues. Such edema is typical for the morning time, spreading from top to bottom - from the face and neck to the extremities.

Causes of edema in terms of physiology

From a physiological point of view, edema- this is a retention of excess fluid inside the vessels, in the space between cells and, in severe cases, inside them due to an imbalance in sodium, proteins, water, as well as disorders in the regulatory link (hormone release, vascular tone, problems of the nervous system). For the occurrence of edema, a combination of certain conditions and the influence of both external and internal factors is necessary.

Often the causes of edema of the whole body lie in a violation of the pressure inside the vessels, tissues and cells - in a change in the hydrodynamic gradient. Under normal conditions, blood pressure in arteries and capillaries is higher than in tissues, but at the same time in veins it is lower than in tissue fluid, which allows blood flow and the supply of oxygen and nutrients to all cells. If the pressure in the area of ​​the arteries is high (for example, with hypertension), it also rises in the vessels of the capillary network, “squeezing out” the excess fluid into the tissues, and the veins do not have time to return it all back, due to the fact that the pressure in the area of ​​the tissues themselves rises , and water returns poorly to the veins. This happens with oral or intravenous administration of a large volume of fluid, when a general swelling of the body is formed.

The cause of edema of the whole body may be a violation of the permeability of cell membranes (both in the area of ​​​​vessels and tissues, organs). The membranes become permeable, let water, salts, small molecules pass where they should have been retained. Increase membrane permeability:

• mediators of inflammation and allergies (especially histamine),
• some toxins that enter the body,
• unoxidized metabolic products,
• enzymes of infectious agents (microbes or viruses) that damage the membranes of cells and blood vessels, creating "holes" in them.

Edema of this type is characteristic of poisoning, diabetes mellitus, gestosis of pregnant women, and infectious diseases. Swelling of the leg or arm, face, neck and other areas.
Disorders of osmotic or oncotic pressure. Osmotic pressure is created by certain concentrations of salts in the area of ​​cells, intercellular space and blood vessels. According to the law of osmosis, the liquid rushes to where there is more salt in order to dilute the concentrations. Usually, such edema is associated with poor nutrition, the intake of salty foods and a large volume of liquid. Edema of the whole body can manifest itself with a change in the amount of protein in plasma and tissues. Proteins have the ability to retain water, and it moves from the tissues to the vessels because a lot of protein is dissolved in the plasma. With starvation or loss of protein by the kidneys, with burns or other problems, the concentration of protein in the plasma decreases, and in the tissues they remain the same or become larger, and water rushes into the tissues.

Violation of the lymphatic system is another factor in the development of edema. The lymphatic network densely braids all tissues and organs, collecting excess fluid into the capillaries and carrying it into the common duct, which flows into the bloodstream near the heart. If the capillaries are inflamed, squeezed by scars, injured or affected by tumor metastases, the fluid through them cannot fully flow into the vessels and stagnates in the tissues. Usually these are local edemas in the extremities or body cavities.

If the body swells, the reasons may also be in violation of the resistance of tissues that lose collagen and elastin fibers, they have a high friability of the structure and reduced activity of enzyme systems that maintain elasticity and turgor of tissues. This happens against the background of systemic infectious and autoimmune pathologies, pronounced inflammatory processes, and general toxicosis.

Particularly dangerous against the background of any mechanisms of edema are lesions of vital organs, especially swelling of the brain or lungs, allergic edema of the larynx, which threaten death for a person without timely assistance.

If swelling of the body is detected: what to do

Any swelling that is visually quite pronounced requires a doctor's consultation. Often they are the first signals of the body about serious deviations associated with metabolic processes. It is especially dangerous if swellings form on the face and neck, spread to the eyes, fingers, and on the legs, swelling interferes with wearing shoes and movement.

In the presence of edema, it is important to immediately review the diet and drinking regimen, consume less salt, drink only pure non-carbonated water, since sweet carbonated drinks, coffee, and tea increase puffiness. If the edema does not go away in a day, or the whole body swells, the doctor should find out the reasons for this condition. First of all, an examination is carried out and the degree of fluid retention is revealed: this parameter can be approximately calculated if the patient knows how much he usually weighs and how the weight has changed during the development of edema.

There are tests and tests that determine the degree of hydrophilicity (swelling) of tissues. So, a blister test will help determine how much the tissues are saturated with fluid, and the identification of a hole on the lower leg and its disappearance will tell you the presence of hidden edema.

The patient at the doctor's appointment must be told about all the medications that were taken, as they can cause swelling and fluid retention in the tissues. It is necessary to indicate whether there are problems with the kidneys and heart, how often edema occurs and how they are provoked.

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