Why menstruation is poorer than usual. Causes of scanty and short menstruation

Nausea is the second most common symptom after pain. To be absolutely precise, it is included in the concept of "emetic syndrome", which combines the urge to vomit, the gag reflex and the actual vomiting itself. If a woman is sick in the morning or after eating, it is not at all necessary that she is pregnant. Nausea accompanies gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, endocrine and other serious diseases. This is why frequent and prolonged nausea is a cause for serious concern. Especially if it is accompanied by vomiting, pain, dizziness and other symptoms.

Internal and external causes of nausea

In any situation, except for the first few months of pregnancy, the cause of frequent nausea must be determined. It may have an internal origin, that is, be a consequence of the disease. And it may have an external cause - poisoning, poor nutrition, sunstroke, stress or a nervous breakdown, a sudden movement or change in body position.

Diseases whose essential symptoms are nausea in the morning are very serious. It could be:

If nausea is combined with dizziness and headache, which increases over time, this may indicate a brain tumor. It grows and more and more of its areas suffer from this.

Important! With severe nausea and vomiting, vegetative activity is disturbed. Vomiting may be accompanied by increased heart rate, cold sweat, pale skin.

Why do you feel sick in the morning?

Women can have many reasons for morning sickness. If she is sure that she is not pregnant, then you need to pay attention to the accompanying symptoms. And they can be as follows:

Such symptoms bring discomfort, especially if they appear constantly. They require careful examination and treatment.

Causes of nausea during the day

Morning sickness is usually unrelated to eating. But during the day this unpleasant feeling can appear more than once. What are the causes of nausea in women after eating? Some of the diseases already listed can give nausea and vomiting not only in the morning, but also during the day. These are migraine, cholecystitis, intestinal infection.

If nausea is accompanied by slurred speech, headache, and impaired sensation, these may be the first signs of a stroke. Veil before the eyes and pain in the occipital region, nausea is accompanied by a sharp drop in blood pressure. These attacks are not related to food, but they can appear at any time of the day.

Some combinations of symptoms may clearly indicate the presence of the disease. Of course, it is impossible to make a diagnosis on your own, but they should alert any person.

Nausea and abdominal pain

All of these situations require emergency medical care.

Nausea and weakness

These symptoms may also be accompanied by drowsiness in the following diseases and conditions:

Nausea, dizziness and weakness

Some diseases of the inner and middle ear can cause such severe dizziness and nausea that the person at the time of the attack is forced to lie down so as not to lose balance. So, for example, Meniere's disease manifests itself.

A viral or microbial infection, when it affects the nervous system, always causes nausea and dizziness. This is how the influenza virus or toxoplasma works. Similar symptoms appear after a person eats food poisoned by the toxins of microorganisms that have fallen into food (for example, confectionery cream), chemicals and methyl alcohol.

Psychogenic nausea

It is a response to strong emotions or stress. It can accompany a panic attack and a state of increased anxiety. A hysterical reaction can also lead to an emetic syndrome. Such conditions, if they are often repeated, dehydrate the body and flush out potassium from it.

Hematogenous-toxic

Another type of nausea - hematogenous-toxic - is caused by poisoning of the body. And not only toxins that came from outside, but also those that the body produces as a result of the disease. This can be severe kidney disease, a state of ketoacidosis with high blood sugar levels, the effects of drugs (such as chemotherapy), mushroom poisoning.

Where does nausea come from in the evening?

Evening nausea is characteristic of some diseases and may be the result of low-quality food eaten during the day - heavy, fatty or fried. Emetic syndrome is accompanied by a feeling of heaviness, fullness of the stomach. In the evenings, nausea is characteristic of cholecystitis. It often causes even vomiting. This is due to biliary dyskinesia and inflammation of the gallbladder itself.

Nausea can be a consequence of evening overeating, when food is taken right before going to bed.

Which doctor should I go to?

First of all, a woman needs to find out if she is pregnant. If not, then most often women go to the therapist with such symptoms. But it is better to save time and turn to a gastroenterologist if nausea is accompanied by a violation of the stool, abdominal pain. Dizziness in combination with nausea and tachycardia may indicate a neurological or endocrine disease.

Nausea can also be caused by the use of poor-quality products, and a number of diseases. Many often, especially in the first trimester. Impressionable, nervous people also often experience nausea,. First of all, it is necessary to establish the cause of frequent bouts of nausea. In many cases, nausea is one of the symptoms of diseases of the stomach and duodenum. It can manifest itself not only on an empty stomach, but also after eating. Often, along with nausea, a person feels a burning sensation, bursting pains in the upper part.

Diseases of the gallbladder, liver glands are also often accompanied by nausea. Associated symptoms: abdominal pain, yellowing of the skin and eye proteins, metallic taste in the mouth.

In any case, you need to contact a gastroenterologist and undergo an examination. The doctor may prescribe a gastroscopy, an ultrasound examination of the stomach, as well as a biochemical blood test. After diagnosis, along with drug treatment, it is necessary to strictly follow the diet. Heavy, fatty and spicy foods, alcoholic beverages should be excluded from the diet, and fried foods should be minimized (replacing them with boiled and stewed ones).

If attacks of nausea are associated with increased excitability, excitement, it is necessary to resort to auto-training, to avoid stressful situations. In addition, according to the doctor's prescription, sedatives, baths with coniferous extracts.

Nausea is one of the most common migraine symptoms. Unfortunately, it is almost impossible to predict when a migraine attack will start. Therefore, people suffering from migraine need to constantly carry medications that alleviate its manifestations.

As already mentioned, many pregnant women experience frequent bouts of nausea. This phenomenon is called "toxicosis of pregnant women." As a rule, in the second trimester, toxicosis disappears. If nausea, accompanied by severe vomiting, occurs frequently (up to 20 times a day or even more often), you should definitely consult a doctor!

How to get rid of nausea

In cases where the cause of nausea is not clear, antiemetic drugs can be used as prescribed by a doctor. In addition, it is necessary to eat only light, quickly digested food, in small portions, but often. You should refrain from fatty foods, fast food,

The feeling of nausea is familiar to everyone. It may be preceded by a slight chill, increased sweating and salivation, jumps in blood pressure, and the temperature may rise.

There is discomfort in the chest area and in the oral cavity. The natural desire for the end of this phenomenon is vomiting. But it happens that there is a feeling of nausea, but not sick.

Causes of nausea

It is necessary to find out the sources of this problem.

There are several of them:

Side effects of certain medications, due to the ingress of toxins into the body.
As a result of a mental state that manifests itself in the form of anxiety, feelings of fear, loss of sleep, overwork, hysteria.
With seasickness, otherwise called kinetosis.
Eating foods high in fat.
Overeating sweet foods on an empty stomach.

Large amounts of sweets are difficult for the stomach to digest and can cause nausea.

During migraine attacks.
As a result of a concussion, dizziness appears and the patient is constantly sick.
At the very beginning of pregnancy, it occurs in most women, at a later date, nausea disappears. An unpleasant feeling of nausea in the morning can be a sign of pregnancy.
The onset of menstruation or during them, usually occurs when the cycle is disturbed. During this period, the body contains an increased amount of fluid, which affects intracranial pressure.
The smell of toxic substances, smoke, burning.

The smell of burning or melting plastic can make you feel nauseous

As a result of sunstroke.
If you follow a diet, since improperly selected foods containing macro- and microelements affect the metabolism, in particular the digestive organs.
Malfunctions of the vestibular apparatus. A sharp change in body position causes dizziness, “flies” appear before the eyes, balance is disturbed.
In case of poisoning, when toxic substances enter the body, after 2-3 hours, a feeling of nausea sets in, which can result in vomiting.

If an unpleasant feeling of nausea is not a sign of a disease, then you can not worry, but take the necessary measures to relieve this discomfort. There are a number of serious diseases, the first sign of which is the appearance of nausea and vomiting.

The feeling of nausea can be a symptom of illness, stress, or a reaction to external stimuli.

In this case, you need to carefully listen to your body so as not to miss the onset of the disease.

Causes that cause nausea can be divided into groups:

Metabolic - appears as a result of metabolic disorders, as a result of various diets, starvation, malnutrition, diabetes.
Toxic. Appears after poisoning the body with food, ingestion of toxic substances.
Reflex, which occurs as a result of inflammation of the gastric mucosa. Food may be the cause.
Cerebral, associated with changes in arterial or intracranial pressure.
Vestibular, occurs in connection with neuroses. Usually occurs in pregnant women or women during menopause.

Features of nausea in various diseases

The feeling of nausea can be felt differently depending on the disease of which it is a symptom.

gastritis, ulcer

For example, when a feeling of nausea often occurs, but does not feel sick, this is a classic symptom of gastritis or a manifestation of peptic ulcer. Nerve endings that are located in the damaged gastric mucosa try to convey a "message" that the stomach needs to be emptied.

Nausea can be a symptom of gastritis

Usually such phenomena occur in the morning, on an empty stomach or after breakfast. At the same time, pain or burning in the abdomen is felt.

With such symptoms, it is definitely recommended to conduct an examination: do an ultrasound scan, a complete blood count and other necessary procedures. During an exacerbation of gastritis, a pregnant woman may experience bouts of nausea at the end of the second and throughout the third trimester due to the fact that the uterus grows and presses on the solar plexus.

A patient with pancreatitis often experiences nausea and bitterness in the mouth, usually after eating.

Nausea can be a symptom of pankeratitis

In addition to nausea, with pancreatitis, discomfort is felt in the right hypochondrium, in the stomach area, diarrhea appears, and a decrease in body weight is possible.

Pain may be excruciating in nature

Pancreatitis must be treated early to prevent it from becoming chronic. The best recipe is hunger, cold and an active lifestyle.

gallbladder

With inflammation of the gallbladder, a person experiences a feeling of nausea, but he does not feel sick. It usually appears during meals, there is a metallic taste in the mouth, dull pains on the right in the hypochondrium, gas formation, poor tolerance of food odors, for example, the smell of garlic, can cause an unpleasant feeling in the upper part of the stomach.

Appendicitis

With appendicitis, nausea may occur, regardless of food intake, sometimes it can result in vomiting. At the same time, there are strong pain in the lower abdomen, there is an increase in temperature.

Pain on the right is one of the first signs of appendicitis

It's important to know! If appendicitis attacks occur, urgent medical attention is needed, as this disease is life-threatening.

pressure and heart

Nausea is accompanied by attacks of hypertension, this is because the blood circulation in the brain is disturbed. Often this happens in the morning, there are headaches and dizziness.

If nausea persists for several days, a cardiologist should be consulted.

With myocardial infarction, in addition to pain, some time before the attack, a feeling of nausea appears, but it does not feel sick. If this condition continues for several days, then this may be a symptom of a serious illness.

Hypothyroidism

Hypothyroidism - when the body produces too many hormones, one of the symptoms is constant nausea.

Fatigue, drowsiness - signs of hypothyroidism

A sick person constantly experiences drowsiness, fatigue. One of the symptoms of hypothyroidism is weight gain with loss of appetite.

kidneys

With kidney disease, there is a violation in urination, fever is possible, lumbar pain appears, an unpleasant feeling of constant nausea occurs, which appears, but does not feel sick. Difficulties with urination arise, pain during urination is possible.

Meningitis

Meningitis is characterized by high fever, photophobia and pain in the back of the head, the appearance of bouts of nausea. This is a very serious disease, so medical attention is needed immediately.

Features of nausea by time of day

If you feel sick at any time of the day and at the same time there are pains in the occipital region and a feeling of pulsation, then you need to control your blood pressure, which affects the vessels. With an increase in pressure, antispasmodic drugs will help. At low - stimulants with caffeine, tincture of Eleutherococcus, Chinese magnolia vine.

Another reason for nausea at any time of the day may be the reaction of the vegetative-vascular system to stress, to fear. To relieve discomfort, you can eat something sour. Pressing with force on the little fingers or on the hole between the lower lip and chin will help.

Often there is a feeling of nausea or nausea, but not always sick, in the morning. This may cause slight dizziness.

The reasons are as follows:

Intracranial pressure. An ultrasound of the brain will help determine the diagnosis. Diuretics help with intracranial pressure.

An attack of intracranial pressure can cause nausea

Kefir drunk at night or a green apple, which can remove excess fluid from the body, will help bring the pressure back to normal. You can use folk diuretics.

Perhaps a violation of the water-salt balance, in this case, salted and smoked foods should be excluded from the diet, especially at night.
Medications taken on an empty stomach.
One of the first signs of a possible pregnancy.

If you feel sick after eating, then you need to establish what may be a factor in this condition:

Fatty or fried foods, overeating.
Ingestion of toxic substances as a result of poisoning, nausea appears after 2 hours.
Active motor activity immediately after eating, at this moment the stomach puts pressure on the diaphragm.

Don't eat heavily before your run, take the time to do it beforehand.

An adverse reaction after taking certain medications (this is usually indicated in the instructions).
During pregnancy.
Failure in the functioning of the vestibular apparatus, not associated with the disease, with a sharp change in body position.
Worm invasion.

These are the reasons when there is a feeling of nausea after eating, but it does not feel sick, and is not associated with a disease. A person copes with this on his own, without medical intervention. But this unpleasant phenomenon can be a symptom of the onset of a serious illness.

These include:

inflammation of the appendix;
an infectious disease provoked by Escherichia coli, nausea appears 1.5–2 hours after eating. Usually it ends with vomiting, high fever;

High fever may be a sign of infection

hypertension, often nausea occurs after eating in the morning;
hypothyroidism, there is a decrease in appetite and an increase in body weight;
the development of myocardial infarction, if you feel sick after eating for a long time.

Note! All these symptoms should not be ignored. It is necessary to consult a doctor and start treatment on time.

Feeling nauseous at night

During sleep, the body is in a stationary state for a long time, relaxed, as a result, discomfort accumulates. Therefore, if a person has pathological causes, then waking up, he may feel a feeling of an attack of severe nausea, but he does not feel sick.

What can affect the occurrence of nausea attacks in the evening and at night:

The food that was taken before bedtime should be excluded fried, fatty, do not overeat.

Fatty and fried foods can make you feel nauseous

Biliary dyskinesia, is that the normal process of bile outflow is disrupted, resulting in discomfort in the right upper abdomen and a bitter taste in the mouth.
A pregnant woman experiences nausea at night if there was a heavy dinner in the evening.
Nausea at night can be an alarming signal of an incipient hypertensive crisis in people prone to hypertension.
In patients with diabetes at night, as a result of metabolic processes, the level of sugar in the blood changes. All of these can cause nausea.
Psychological state, stress can lead to a state of nausea. This happens because a person who is in a stressful state mentally focuses on problems before going to bed, this results in an uncomfortable state.

Severe stress is often accompanied by a feeling of nausea.

If you feel sick in the evening, before going to bed, this is a rare occurrence and requires careful attention to the problem. This may portend a serious surgical situation.

Remedies to relieve nausea

If there is a feeling of sudden nausea, but, at the same time, it does not feel sick and this is not associated with the disease, then you can use folk remedies.

There are several of them:

breathe ammonia vapor or suck on mint candy;
during pregnancy, you need to eat more often in small portions, drink water with lemon;
green tea is not sweet;

Green tea relieves nausea

a slice of ginger root under the tongue and dissolve until nausea stops;
before meals, take 0.25-0.5 tablespoons of potato juice;
in case of poisoning - brew a spoonful of dill with a glass of boiling water; you can drink a weak solution of potassium permanganate to provoke vomiting.

If nausea suddenly occurs, then there is no need to panic. You should drink water, calm down. Activated charcoal will help with alcohol poisoning. Pregnant women can eat biscuits with salt or drying. In other cases, consultation with a specialist is necessary.

If nausea occurs, then you should pay attention to what time of day an unpleasant sensation occurs. Sometimes the feeling in question can trigger the use of antibiotics or other medications. In addition, nausea appears against the background of various diseases.

The doctor will diagnose and prescribe treatment, which means that the problem with the feeling of nausea will no longer bother

Therefore, it is imperative to consult a specialist and undergo a complete examination in order to establish the cause in time and begin treatment.

Nausea: causes, symptoms, possible foci of the disease and treatment. Watch the expert video:

Constant and long-lasting nausea can be a sign of serious illness. Details in the video:

What to do if you overeat sweets and feel nauseous? Check out this helpful video:

When you lie down, stomach acid can rise up your esophagus, making you feel more nauseated and uncomfortable. Because of this, it is not advised to lie down immediately after eating, especially if you suffer from acid reflux. Also, try not to squeeze your abdominal muscles so as not to squeeze your stomach. If you feel sick, sit down and move as little as possible.

2. Open a window or sit in front of a fan

So you will remove unpleasant odors from yourself and be distracted. Fresh air relieves nausea. That is why those who are trying to lean out of the window.

3. Apply a cold compress

With nausea, the temperature may rise. Place a cold compress on the back of your neck for a few minutes. This will help bring down the temperature and soothe nausea.

4. Breathe deeply

This is especially helpful if the nausea is caused by stress or anxiety. Take a deep breath in through your nose, hold your breath for three seconds, and exhale slowly. Repeat several times.

5. Get distracted

The more you think about nausea, the worse you feel. Try distracting yourself with a book or movie. If you're at work, take a few deep breaths and then do something you've been putting off for a long time, like writing a report.

6. Drink more fluids

Nausea can be a symptom of dehydration, but if you drink a lot of fluids at once, the discomfort will only get worse. Drink in small sips throughout the day. If you don't feel like drinking plain water, drink water with pieces of fruit or decaffeinated tea.

7. Drink Chamomile Tea

Chamomile is a well-known folk remedy for nausea. In addition, it calms and helps to fall asleep. Pour a tablespoon of chamomile flowers with a glass of boiling water, let it brew for five minutes and drink.

8. Smell the lemon

Lemons contain citric acid, which is good for digestion. If nausea is caused by constipation, warm water with lemon juice will help stimulate the bowels. Just do not overdo it - an excessive amount of citric acid can increase nausea.

Even the smell of lemons helps to get rid of nausea The Effect of Lemon Inhalation Aromatherapy on Nausea and Vomiting of Pregnancy.. Smell an essential oil or just a fresh cut lemon.

9. Eat a piece of ginger

Ginger has anti-emetic properties Ginger in the Prevention of Nausea and Vomiting: A Review.. For nausea, eat a small piece of fresh or candied ginger, or drink tea with it.

10. Brew Mint

Take mint capsules or drink mint tea. The smell of essential oil or fresh mint leaves can also help relieve nausea. Examination of the Effectiveness of Peppermint Aromatherapy on Nausea in Women Post C-Section..

11. Don't drink carbonated drinks.

Gases in such drinks can also cause sour belching. And the abundance of sugar in them will only increase nausea. If there is nothing but a carbonated drink, wait until the gases come out of it, and only then drink.

12. Don't eat junk food

Usually, to recover from nausea, it is advised to eat bananas, rice, applesauce. You can also eat some pasta without sauce, mashed potatoes, boiled eggs. Avoid fried, dairy, meat, and fiber-rich foods until the nausea subsides.

If nausea is accompanied by other symptoms, see your doctor. For example, nausea and chest pain can be a sign of a heart attack. And nausea and severe headache or dizziness may indicate problems with the nervous system.

Be sure to see a doctor if nausea does not go away within a month or if it is accompanied by unexplained weight loss.

Nausea is a specific unpleasant feeling of heaviness in the epigastric (pit of the stomach) region, which can also cover the esophagus and oral cavity. The feeling of nausea is often observed against the background of increased salivation (hypersalivation), dizziness, weakness and faintness, sweating and pallor caused by narrowing of the skin vessels. Excess saliva causes an increase in swallowing movements in instinctive attempts to get rid of it and often precedes vomiting.

Nausea is one of the most common symptoms observed in a large number of diseases. In the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10), nausea is listed under R11.

Nausea in adults

The feeling of nausea in adults can indicate various pathologies, but in some cases it is a variant of the norm. Women are more likely to suffer from nausea, but men also have their own risk factors.

In women, bouts of nausea do not always indicate health problems. The hormonal characteristics of the female sex make them especially vulnerable and prone to nausea.

Nausea in women of reproductive age

Due to the fact that women are mostly more emotional by nature, they are more likely than men to experience nausea against the background of excitement, fear, depression. The reason for this is adrenaline, which activates the processes of muscle contraction.

In women of reproductive age, nausea may occur before menstruation and be part of the premenstrual syndrome. It is caused by fluctuating levels of the hormones estrogen and progesterone. In a woman, fluid retention is observed in this case, which manifests itself in the form of edema throughout the body. Often they lead to a slight increase in intracranial pressure and, as a result, cause a feeling of nausea, and can also provoke a headache.

During menstruation, nausea can also be a variant of the norm. During this period, the woman actively produces prostaglandins. These substances increase the tone of smooth muscles, that is, they cause spasm of the walls of the uterus and thereby provoke pain attacks. But, in addition, they also affect the nervous system and blood vessels, which causes nausea and dizziness.

During the period of menstruation, women are also especially sensitive to fatty, spicy, salty foods, which can cause them an attack of nausea. Therefore, sometimes the answer to the question "How to get rid of nausea?" is a simple dietary change.

Another cause of nausea in healthy women is the use of hormonal contraceptives, especially oral ones. For some women, nausea associated with contraception does not last long - only during the period of addiction to the new drug. However, sometimes the drug continues to cause nausea, even after a long time - in which case you should contact your doctor to select another contraceptive.

Finally, the most "popular" cause of nausea in women of reproductive age is pregnancy. At least once in a lifetime, every woman who gave birth to the fair sex faced this problem. Nausea during pregnancy is the most characteristic symptom of toxicosis.

Nausea in menopause

Nausea is one of the frequent companions of menopause in women. This is due to the fact that in the body of a woman, as menopause develops, a deficiency of the hormone estrogen occurs. This, in turn, leads to hormonal imbalance in other body systems.

Most often, nausea precedes the flush. This word is understood as a whole complex of symptoms: fever, covering the upper half of the body, frequent heartbeat, excessive sweating, dizziness. There is no definite connection between the deterioration of the woman's condition and the time of day. Perhaps the development of nausea in the afternoon or evening, at work or at home.

Estrogen deficiency can affect other senses as well. For example, during menopause, some women experience nausea from strong odors that trigger hot flashes.

Unlike women, nausea in men most often speaks of any diseases or pathological conditions. Of course, like women, men can develop nausea due to stress, but this happens less frequently on average. Men, as well as women, can suffer from motion sickness. A feeling of nausea often accompanies a hangover, and alcoholism, according to statistics, is still more characteristic of the strong half of humanity.

But if none of these conditions are suitable as a cause of nausea, you should consult a doctor. It is very likely that we are talking about a disease of internal organs, the brain, infection, poisoning, etc.

Nausea in a child

Nausea in a child may be a variant of the norm in the following cases:

when motion sickness;
as a result of experienced stress;
after especially violent games (especially in young children).

It can be difficult for parents to recognize nausea in a child, especially in infants who cannot tell mom and dad how they feel. Therefore, you should pay attention to such additional symptoms of nausea as refusal to eat, restlessness, pallor, and cold extremities. It is far from always that nausea in a child develops into vomiting, but it in itself can be a symptom of various pathologies.

The list of the most common conditions in which nausea is observed in a child includes:

Intestinal infections.

At the initial stages of the disease, the child may be irritable, capricious or, on the contrary, lethargic. Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea are characteristic signs of an infectious disease. Nausea and fever are observed in some infections, but often the disease occurs without fever.

Poisoning.

Most often, it develops 2-4 hours after the child has eaten an expired or dangerous product for him. In most cases, in case of poisoning against the background of intoxication, nausea and vomiting are observed.

Diseases affecting the central nervous system.

Some conditions in which the lesion involves the brain or meninges also cause nausea in the child. This list includes meningitis, encephalitis, etc. Among the characteristic symptoms, in addition to nausea, are headaches, photophobia, fever, etc.

Some infectious diseases.

In children, even a common cold or pneumonia can cause nausea. It is characteristic that in such conditions, despite nausea and vomiting, the stool remains normal.

Diseases and conditions requiring surgical intervention.

This list includes appendicitis, intestinal intussusception, a foreign body in the stomach that cannot be brought out in another way, etc.

In female adolescents, nausea may be the result of processes associated with puberty. The first menstruation and, in general, the period of the formation of the menstrual cycle are sometimes especially difficult to endure. Sometimes a child's nausea and vomiting are the result of the anatomical features of the location of the girl's uterus, which gradually disappear as she grows older.

Symptoms of nausea

Where does the feeling of nausea come from? This is the result of the receipt of signals (nerve impulses) in the vomiting center located in the brain. And the receptors of the digestive tract serve as a source of signals, for example, when they are irritated by substances that are toxic to the body, obtained from the outside, or formed as a result of metabolic reactions occurring in the body. Another reason may be the excitation of certain parts of the brain, in particular, the visual and olfactory parts of the cerebral cortex - subject to increased excitability of the vomiting center.

Nausea after eating

Nausea after eating can be observed, for example, due to overeating, eating too fatty foods, and also if too little time has passed from the moment of eating to physical activity (should be at least 1-1.5 hours). Nausea after eating is often experienced by pregnant women, since in the later stages of pregnancy, the position of all internal organs is determined by an enlarged uterus. If it presses on the stomach, then a feeling of nausea is possible. Finally, eating spoiled foods can also be a cause of nausea.

The list of diseases, one of the symptoms of which is nausea after eating, includes:

Pathology of the liver and gallbladder. Often accompanied by bitterness in the mouth and pain in the epigastric region of the abdomen (under the xiphoid process of the sternum).
Dysfunction of the stomach. In this case, abdominal pain, heartburn, and belching also often develop.
Pancreatitis. It often manifests itself as a combination of nausea, vomiting, pain.
Appendicitis. Usually, vomiting also develops, with nausea and vomiting observed in any attempt to feed or drink the patient.
Infectious diseases of the intestine. Nausea is often accompanied by high fever and develops a few hours after eating.
Nausea after eating against the background of dizziness and edema may be a manifestation of hypertension.
Hypothyroidism. May present as nausea and weakness, accompanied by drowsiness and chills.

Nausea in the morning is traditionally considered a symptom of pregnancy. However, there are a number of diseases that also manifest as nausea in the morning:

Diseases of the digestive system.

Morning sickness can be caused by stomach and duodenal ulcers, kidney and liver diseases, as well as. Most often, the feeling of nausea, the causes of which are the listed ailments, disappears as food is eaten, but not with all of the listed ailments. In addition, in these cases, nausea is accompanied by additional symptoms that depend on the specific disease: heartburn, abdominal pain, flatulence, and even sometimes temperature fluctuations up to 39-40 ° C.

Some diseases of the cardiovascular system.

Nausea in the morning and subsequently nausea in the afternoon, weakness and a constant feeling of fatigue, lack of appetite, and pain in the left side of the body can be symptoms of heart failure and harbingers of myocardial infarction. If the patient has facial asymmetry and dizziness, then we can talk about a stroke.

Infection with worms.

And in this case, nausea often develops in the morning. Children are more likely to suffer from helminthic invasions.

Vegetative-vascular dystonia.

Morning sickness with VVD is often combined with dizziness, hearing and vision disorders, anxiety, thermoregulation disorders, dry mouth, or, conversely, excessive salivation.

The attack often begins in the morning, and it is accompanied by nausea, after which pain develops.

Nausea during the day and in the evening

Nausea, the causes of which are associated with food intake, will most often be observed at a time when a person is most active. In particular, nausea during the day is one of the possible symptoms of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. The most common option is gastritis.

In the evening, nausea is less common. In most cases, it is associated with non-compliance with the diet. For example, too long intervals from one meal to another can cause both nausea during the day and similar discomfort in the evening, if there were no “crumbs in the mouth” for 6-8 hours. In this case, getting rid of nausea, according to doctors, is not difficult - it is enough to regulate the diet.

Evening nausea can also be associated with hypertension, since blood pressure most often rises in the morning and in the evening, and in this case, nausea can be a harbinger of a hypertensive crisis.

Nausea at night in diabetics indicates an increase in blood glucose levels and the need to take appropriate medications.

Nausea, headache and dizziness, as mentioned above, often develop with migraines. A characteristic symptom of the disease is a sharp paroxysmal pain that does not go away for hours, and in the worst case, days. Other symptoms that accompany nausea and headache include vomiting and lack of appetite, shortness of breath, sweating and chills, pallor, photophobia, visual disturbances, and dizziness.

The combination of "nausea, headache" is also observed in the following diseases:

traumatic brain injury and damage to the cervical spine (including osteochondrosis);
inflammatory processes in the facial sinuses (frontal sinusitis, sinusitis), as well as brain tissues and meninges (encephalitis, meningitis), etc.;
visual impairment;
increase in intracranial pressure;
hyperglycemia (increased blood glucose levels) in diabetes;
pre-stroke state, as well as coronary heart disease;
hormonal imbalance in women during menopause and menstruation;
heat stroke or, conversely, hypothermia.

Nausea and weakness

Nausea and weakness in a woman is a reason to check for pregnancy. These symptoms are very common with early toxicosis.

If excruciating nausea and weakness are observed against the background of diarrhea, fever, chills, flatulence and abdominal pain, then there is a high risk that we are talking about poisoning or a food infection.

Nausea and weakness are also often observed against the background of vegetative-vascular dystonia with sudden pressure surges. In this case, the patient may complain of chest pain, shortness of breath, vomiting, and increased heart rate. For people suffering from VVD, weather dependence and frequent mood swings are characteristic. Against the background of nausea and weakness, they may develop fainting.

Dizziness, ear pain that accompanies nausea and weakness, as well as problems with orientation in the surrounding space, can indicate diseases of the inner ear - otitis media, labyrinthitis, etc.

Often, people suffering from "seasickness" both on land and on water transport complain of nausea and weakness.

Finally, nausea and weakness can be the result of various medications, such as chemotherapy.

Nausea and vomiting are often observed "as a set". Actually, nausea is in most cases a harbinger. The most common causes of these successive conditions are:

diseases of the gastrointestinal tract;
acute diseases and pathologies of various organs located in the abdominal cavity (pancreatitis, appendicitis, adhesions, cholecystitis, etc.);
getting into the stomach, esophagus or intestines of a foreign body;
a variety of chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (cholelithiasis, allergy manifestations, chronic gastritis, GERD, ulcers, etc.);
disorders of motility of the digestive tract;
intestinal infections;
lesions of the central nervous system (trauma, tumor, inflammatory processes in the brain area);
diseases affecting the inner ear;
diseases of the heart and blood vessels;
endocrine disorders (hypothyroidism, galactosemia, phenylketonuria, etc.);
taking medications;
the presence of bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract.

Separately, they talk about the so-called psychogenic nausea and vomiting. Doctors distinguish four of their main varieties:

nausea and vomiting caused by increased anxiety;
hysterical and habitual varieties of neurotic nausea and subsequent vomiting - often develop in children;
the so-called reactive vomiting, which is also preceded by nausea;
nausea and vomiting on the background of psychosis.

Nausea, vomiting, pain

Nausea, vomiting, pain - a serious combination of symptoms, in the vast majority of cases requiring a mandatory visit to a doctor. These symptoms can also be a variant of the norm - with heavy menstruation, for example. But most often, when a person complains of a combination of “nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain”, this indicates an exacerbation of various chronic diseases of the digestive tract and internal organs (pancreatitis, cholecystitis, stomach or duodenal ulcer, etc.), acute conditions, in which the help of surgeons is required (appendicitis), about poisoning.

If the patient has nausea, vomiting, pain in the head, then the cause may be migraine, severe infectious diseases (encephalitis, meningitis), trauma, malignant brain tumors or hypertensive crisis.

Nausea, vomiting and muscle pain can be a manifestation of borreliosis - an infectious disease, the causative agent of which is carried by ixodid ticks.

Nausea and temperature up to 39-40 ° C are most often observed in various infectious diseases, for example, with the so-called "stomach flu". Meningitis is another dangerous disease, which is also characterized by nausea and a temperature that is much higher than normal.

If we are talking about nausea and a temperature within 37.5 ° C, then it is very likely that the cause of these symptoms is gastritis, hepatitis, stomach ulcers, and exacerbated pancreatitis. By the way, often a low temperature and nausea against the background of vomiting are symptoms of appendicitis. Similar symptoms may indicate rotavirus infection, gastroenteritis.

Often, a slight rise in temperature occurs during bouts of nausea with early toxicosis in pregnant women and with heat stroke.

severe nausea

Even motion sickness in some people, depending on the quality of their vestibular apparatus, can manifest itself in the form of excruciating, exhausting severe nausea, often accompanied by vomiting. However, more often severe nausea is a sign of serious intoxication of the body. In this case, as soon as the cause that caused it is eliminated, nausea will also pass.

Another group of diseases, the manifestation of which can be severe nausea, is various types of brain damage: meningitis, encephalitis, brain cancer, etc. With migraines and craniocerebral injuries, severe nausea and vomiting often accompany headaches.

In general, it should be said that the severity of nausea symptoms often depends on the individual, his age, the severity of the disease, and various other factors. Therefore, the same ailment can manifest itself in an adult and in a child, for example, severe nausea and vomiting, or their weak manifestations.

Constant nausea

Constant nausea, which does not stop for a long time, is often observed during the period of bearing a child. As mentioned above, nausea during pregnancy can last 1-2 months, and in some cases it does not stop until the birth of the child.

Not strong, but constant nausea is a characteristic symptom of hypothyroidism. It is often combined with chronic drowsiness, fatigue and impaired thermoregulation.

Long-term persistent nausea throughout the day, starting in the early morning, combined with swelling and headaches, may indicate hypertension.

Nausea, from which the patient suffers constantly, is also observed in chronic hepatitis, especially during an exacerbation of the disease, as well as in other chronic liver diseases, for example, cirrhosis.

Finally, persistent nausea during or immediately after eating for weeks and months is a sign of various diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.

Doctors when discussing nausea distinguish three main types of it:

central form.

This is nausea, the causes of which are directly related to irritation of the vomiting center. Most often, this condition develops with various diseases of the central nervous system and, in particular, the brain. This variant of nausea can also be psychogenic.

Hematogenous-toxic form.

The causes of nausea in this case are drugs and various toxins that cause irritation of the chemoreceptors in the medulla oblongata.

reflex form.

It develops with vagotonia, that is, it is the result of an increased tone of the autonomic nervous system, or rather, its parasympathetic part. The initial cause of vagotonia is various diseases of the digestive or urinary systems. Its variety can be neuro-reflex nausea, which is observed as a result of irritation of the vagus nerve in the following diseases: pharyngitis, stomatitis, as well as ordinary cough or stimulation of receptors under the influence of sputum.

Causes of nausea

Nausea during pregnancy

Nausea during pregnancy is almost its first manifestation. Few of the women who gave birth were able to avoid toxicosis - intoxication that develops during the adaptation of the female body to the pregnant state. And its most striking manifestation is morning sickness. A third of women suffer from it during pregnancy.

Morning sickness most often appears around the 6-7th week, counting from the first day of the last menstruation. In most cases, it gradually stops at the 12-13th week, but it can be delayed. It should be added that not always pregnant women suffer from morning sickness. Attacks of toxicosis can begin both in the afternoon and in the evening. Rarely, but there are cases when toxicosis does not leave a woman throughout pregnancy.

Nausea during the period of bearing a child can be caused by various pungent (or completely harmless) smells, sometimes expectant mothers begin to react sharply to one type of some kind of food. Stress, colds increase the likelihood of an attack of nausea.

Chemotherapy drugs act directly on the vomiting center. In addition, the tumor itself releases substances that are toxic to the body, which have a similar effect. There are two types of nausea and vomiting during chemotherapy:

nausea and acute vomiting: this condition develops before the end of the first day after the procedure;
nausea and delayed vomiting: this is a condition that develops more than 24 hours after the procedure.

It is not uncommon for cancer patients who have already had experience with chemotherapy to develop symptoms such as nausea and vomiting before the drugs are started. This is a conditioned reflex that can form in the absence of adequate antiemetic therapy.

Nausea in diseases of the gastrointestinal tract

Nausea in diseases of the gastrointestinal tract is one of the most common symptoms. Usually such nausea is accompanied by vomiting or at least gagging. An extensive list of diseases in which nausea develops includes:

Acute gastritis.

At the same time, the patient feels heaviness in the epigastric region, he has digestive tract motility disorders, nausea most often leads to vomiting.

Chronic gastritis and ulcers of various parts of the digestive tract.

Nausea and subsequent vomiting develop under the influence of the acid-peptic factor. A characteristic moment - the patient becomes better from vomiting, as this removes the irritant from the digestive tract - acidic gastric juice.

A variety of intestinal infections that cause acute intoxication of the body.

At the same time, the main mechanism for the development of a feeling of nausea, turning into vomiting, is a disorder of gastric motility under the influence of toxins that are produced by microbes.

As well as esophagitis, pancreatitis, cholelithiasis, malignant tumors of the pancreas or stomach.

Doctors also point to post-surgery conditions that lead to nausea. Among the complications, the so-called post-gastroectomy or post-cholecystoectomy syndromes are distinguished. Dumping syndrome often occurs after gastric resection, the cause of which is too rapid movement of the contents of the stomach. All of them are accompanied by nausea, often turning into vomiting.

One of the most common symptoms of traumatic brain injury are nausea and headache. Often it is accompanied by vomiting, the cause of which is damage to the superficial vessels of the brain, due to which blood penetrates between its membranes, that is, subarachnoid hemorrhage develops. A characteristic sign of nausea caused by a head injury is a single vomiting following it, as well as the fact that vomiting in this case does not bring relief.

Nausea, headache, and vomiting may be the result of labyrinth shaking. With hemorrhage in the labyrinth, there may also be impaired coordination and systemic dizziness.

Nausea after a head injury is a cause for immediate medical attention, as it is a characteristic indicator of a concussion.

Nausea in infectious diseases

In infectious diseases, there are two main causes of nausea:

reflex, as a result of the impact of infection on the walls of the gastrointestinal tract and their irritation;
toxic, as a result of general poisoning of the body with toxins produced by pathogenic microorganisms, and inflammation products.

Most often, nausea and vomiting in infectious diseases of the digestive tract are accompanied by diarrhea, fever, flatulence.

Diagnosis of nausea

Psychogenic nausea should be distinguished from similar manifestations of various diseases. It can haunt the patient, even if he himself is trying with all his might to figure out how to get rid of nausea. Therefore, at the first stage, the doctor excludes all possible pathologies. In order to do this, he directs the patient to take tests and undergo additional examinations. If the results obtained indicate the absence of any diseases, then the doctor draws attention to the following points:

whether or not nausea and subsequent vomiting fit into the traditional scheme for the development of this condition, whether they are associated with food or thoughts about food;
whether nausea can be associated with experienced stress and its relapses;
whether there were similar situations in the patient's history with his relatives;
how nausea and vomiting affect the general condition of a person.

The list of basic laboratory tests prescribed for the diagnosis of nausea includes:

blood test - general and biochemical;
stool analysis;
coprogram.

Instrumental methods for diagnosing nausea

To obtain additional data on the condition of a patient suffering from nausea, prescribe:

Ultrasound of the abdominal organs;
x-ray of the stomach;
colonoscopy;
esophagogastroduodenoscopy;
computed tomography of the brain.

Treatment for nausea

When the question is “How to get rid of nausea”, you should, first of all, determine its cause. Only after that, treatment is prescribed, which will depend on what exactly causes this unpleasant condition. In most cases, it is necessary to cure the patient of the underlying disease, and the symptoms of nausea will disappear by themselves. But in a number of cases, when nausea develops in a healthy person, as well as to combat nausea in certain conditions, there are special drugs - nausea tablets and other forms of medicines.

If nausea leads to vomiting, then dehydration is likely to develop. In this case, in addition to treating the cause of nausea and using drugs to stop it, it is necessary to take measures to correct the electrolyte balance.

There are situations when no pills can save you from nausea. For example, during toxicosis in early pregnancy, it is generally not recommended to use any drugs¸ if nausea does not lead to a significant deterioration in the condition of the woman or fetus.

Thus, in order to solve the question "How to get rid of nausea during pregnancy", the following prevention methods should be used:

rest more, spend at least a couple of hours outdoors, reduce physical activity;
eat often, but little by little. With toxicosis, women often lose their appetite and even experience an aversion to food. And an empty stomach provokes an attack of nausea. This means that to reduce the likelihood of feeling it again, you can eat every 2-3 hours, little by little;
open a window at night for fresh air;
increase the amount of protein in the diet (eggs, cheese, dairy products);
refuse spicy fatty and plentiful food;
don't be in a hurry to get up in the morning. Sudden movements provoke nausea;
refuse to use deodorants and toilet water with a pungent odor;
drink more water between meals;
quit smoking completely.

Mineral sparkling water or tea with lemon helps to reduce nausea.

Nausea caused by stress and emotional distress is treated with the usual mild sedatives. These include valerian and motherwort. If psychogenic nausea appears too often, it is necessary to consult a psychotherapist.

Nausea pills

For the treatment of nausea, the following types of drugs are prescribed:

with nausea that develops against the background of damage to the inner ear - antihistamines;
with nausea, which is the result of disruption of the gastrointestinal tract - anticholinergics;
to combat moderate nausea - antipsychotic drugs, antipsychotics;
with severe, severe nausea, in particular, before the chemotherapy procedure - selective dopamine antagonists.

To combat motion sickness, the following groups of drugs are used:

to inhibit the action of the vagus and celiac nerves - blockers of M-cholinergic receptors;
to suppress feelings of nausea and fear - benzodiazepine tranquilizers;
to block nerve impulses from the receptors of the inner ear, which are involved in the sense of balance, to the autonomic nervous system - histamine H1 receptor inhibitors (Dramina, Bonin).

Some nausea pills from the last group, such as Bonin, can be used to combat nausea during pregnancy. And of course, all of these funds should be prescribed by a doctor based on the results of the examination.

There are also homeopathic pills for nausea: Avia-Sea, Kokkulin, but there is no scientific evidence of their effectiveness.

There are two main complications of nausea:

As a result of vomiting, dehydration develops, rupture of the esophagus, damage to the mucous membrane is possible, there is a risk of aspiration pneumonia, the likelihood of caries increases, etc.

Depression.

Not only constant nausea, but also its individual episodes reduce the quality of life, have a depressing effect on the human psyche. Especially dangerous in this regard is psychogenic nausea, which is initially associated with psychological problems in humans.

Prevention of nausea

The essence of nausea prevention is to eliminate its causes. This means that you should take the appropriate drugs with you when you get sick. To avoid nausea in alcohol poisoning, it is necessary to limit the amount of alcohol consumed. Prevention of nausea during pregnancy consists in a strict restriction of the diet, walking in the fresh air, following the regimen and consulting a doctor about this. Finally, people prone to psychogenic nausea should avoid stressful situations and take sedatives on time. To prevent nausea in various diseases, medications are used, which the doctor must select.