What to do if you want to drink all the time. Constant thirst and frequent urination

For example, the period of bearing a child or playing sports.

It is unacceptable to consider the feeling of thirst as the only clinical manifestation. It is mandatory to pay attention to other signs that may complement it. Often, such symptoms are the appearance of plaque on the tongue, weakness and nausea, an unpleasant aftertaste in the mouth and dizziness.

Adequate diagnosis of constant thirst, i.e., identification of the causes of its occurrence, requires an integrated approach and, in addition to primary diagnostic measures, includes laboratory and instrumental examinations of the patient.

Therapeutic measures will completely depend on what disease has become a provocateur of such a symptom, often conservative methods are sufficient.

Etiology

First of all, it should be noted that the most acceptable amount of liquid that a person should drink per day is two liters. In some cases, it is the lack of water that leads to the fact that a person suffers from constant thirst. Therefore, it is necessary to strictly monitor the volume of fluids drunk, especially in children and the elderly, as well as in malnourished patients.

The reasons for constant thirst will be dictated by the methods of removing fluid from the body. This can happen through:

kidneys and intestines;
skin covering;
lungs and mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract.

Loss of water through the kidneys occurs against the background of:

uncontrolled intake of diuretics;
abuse of drugs for weight loss;
excessive ingestion of liquids that contain ethanol, for example, it can be beer;
diabetes insipidus - such a disease is accompanied by the fact that the human body produces a large amount of light urine, up to several liters per day, which leads to a feeling of constant thirst;
wrinkling of the kidney, which may be a primary or secondary pathological condition;
acute or chronic course of pyelonephritis;
chronic form of glomerulonephritis;
the course of diabetes mellitus of both the first and second types;
hyperparathyroidism - despite the fact that this pathology is caused by a disruption in the functioning of the endocrine system, it negatively affects the kidneys.

Loss of fluid through the respiratory tract occurs when a person has:

rhinitis of hypertrophic variety;
adenoiditis - most often causes severe thirst in children;
night snoring - it is because of this factor that people wake up at night from dry mouth or feel thirsty in the morning.

The loss of water through the lungs is caused by such pathological conditions:

Increased sweating is the main source of why the human body is dehydrated. This condition can be both pathological and physiological. In the latter case, sweating is caused by intense physical activity and the hot season.

As for pathological increased sweating, it can occur due to:

thyrotoxicosis;
severe menopause, namely against the background of frequently recurring tides;
acromegaly;
Hodgkin's lymphoma;
irrational use of medicines;
a wide range of endocrine dysfunction.

The mechanism of water loss through the intestines is based on any conditions that in their clinical picture have frequent vomiting or stool disorder in the form of diarrhea. It is also worth considering that thirst can be caused by concealment of hemorrhage in the gastrointestinal tract. This is typical for such ailments:

malignant or benign tumors of the intestine;
gastritis of any etiology;
peptic ulcer of the duodenum or stomach;
the formation of external or internal hemorrhoids;
anal fissures, etc.

In addition, the following diseases or pathological conditions can lead to constant thirst:

hepatitis or cirrhosis of the liver;
head injury;
extensive burns;
mental disorders, in particular schizophrenia;
the course of any infectious process;
dental ailments;
decreased osmolality of blood plasma;
neoplasms in the brain;
alcohol intoxication;
diseases of the blood system;
damage to the hypothalamus - it is in it that the center of thirst is located;
acute surgical pathologies of the abdominal organs - this should include inflammation of the appendix, perforated ulcer, cholecystitis and intestinal obstruction.

Dry mouth and thirst can be provoked by the side effects of such drugs:

diuretics;
antibacterial substances of the tetracycline series;
preparations containing lithium;
medications used in the treatment of mental disorders.

An important role in the development of the sensation of thirst is played by:

the use of fatty, salted and spicy foods;
addiction to such a bad habit as smoking;
abuse of strong coffee and sweet carbonated drinks.

As for the constant thirst during pregnancy, in such situations it is also considered a pathological manifestation, especially in cases of the appearance of additional alarming symptoms. The only exception is the first trimester of childbearing. During pregnancy in the early stages, almost all women suffer from toxicosis, which is characterized by profuse vomiting.

Symptoms

Constant thirst is often the first clinical sign and is almost never the only symptom.

In general, the symptoms will consist of those manifestations that are characteristic of the pathological condition that has become the source of this symptom.

Nevertheless, the most common symptoms that complement the constant thirst are considered to be:

dryness in the mouth;
the allocation of a large amount of light urine;
coating of the tongue with a coating, the shade of which can vary from yellowish-white to gray or black;
weakness and general malaise;
fluctuations in blood pressure and heart rate - the appearance of such a sign is especially dangerous in combination with thirst in the late stages of bearing a child;
bad smell or taste in the mouth;
bouts of nausea, which quite often end in vomiting;
violation of the act of defecation;
temperature increase;
severe skin itching;
shortness of breath and belching;
headaches and dizziness;
change in the shade of the skin, it can become pathologically red, pale or cyanotic;
frequent urge to urinate;
swelling of the lower extremities;
pain syndrome with localization in the area of the affected organ;
decreased or complete lack of appetite;
sleep disturbance.

Patients need to remember that these are just some of the symptoms, the manifestation of which may be accompanied by a constant or strong feeling of thirst.

Diagnostics

If a person is constantly tormented by thirst, then, first of all, it is necessary to go for a consultation with a therapist. The doctor will conduct primary diagnostic measures, which will be aimed at:

collection of the life history of the patient;
studying the patient's medical history;
conducting a detailed physical examination, which must necessarily include an assessment of the condition of the skin, as well as measuring temperature, pulse and blood tone;
careful questioning of the patient;
general analysis of blood and urine;
blood biochemistry;
microscopic examination of feces;
Ultrasound and radiography;
CT and MRI.

After the preliminary cause of constant thirst is established, the therapist will most likely refer the patient for examination to such specialists:

If there is constant thirst during pregnancy, you will also need to consult an obstetrician-gynecologist.

Treatment

What to do to stop such a condition in which a person is constantly thirsty can only be told by the attending physician. In general, a wide range of therapeutic techniques are used, which will depend on the underlying cause of this symptom.

Either way, treatment will include:

taking medications;
diet therapy, which is based on the rejection of spicy and salty foods;
physiotherapy procedures;
the use of traditional medicine recipes - can only be used after the approval of the attending physician;
minimally invasive surgical procedures;
open operations.

A sparing treatment regimen is selected for pregnant women and children.

Prevention

To avoid the appearance of constant thirst, you must:

to refuse from bad habits;
minimize the consumption of fatty, spicy and salty foods;
enrich the diet with foods that contain a lot of water;
take medication strictly as prescribed by the doctor;
several times a year to be fully examined in the clinic - for the early detection of diseases, the symptoms of which include a similar manifestation.

Despite a wide range of pathological causes, with timely treatment, the prognosis will be favorable.

"Strong thirst" is observed in diseases:

Kidney abscess is a rather rare disease, which is characterized by the formation of a limited area of inflammation filled with purulent infiltrate. The pathological focus is separated from the healthy tissues of this organ by a granulation shaft. The disease is one of the diseases requiring emergency surgical intervention.

Prostate adenoma (prostate adenoma) is inherently a somewhat outdated term, and therefore is used today in a slightly different form - in the form of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Prostate adenoma, the symptoms of which we will consider below, is more familiar in this definition. The disease is characterized by the appearance of a small nodule (possibly several nodules), which gradually increases over time. The peculiarity of this disease is that, unlike cancer of this area, prostate adenoma is a benign formation.

Alcohol intoxication is a complex of behavioral disorders, physiological and psychological reactions that usually begin to progress after drinking alcohol in large doses. The main reason is the negative impact on the organs and systems of ethanol and its decay products, which cannot leave the body for a long time. This pathological condition is manifested by impaired coordination of movements, euphoria, impaired orientation in space, and loss of attentiveness. In severe cases, intoxication can lead to coma.

Amyloidosis of the kidneys is a complex and dangerous pathology in which protein-carbohydrate metabolism is disturbed in the tissues of the kidneys. As a result, there is a synthesis and accumulation of a specific substance - amyloid. It is a protein-polysaccharide compound, which in its basic properties is similar to starch. Normally, this protein is not produced in the body, so its formation is abnormal for a person and entails a violation of kidney function.

Anuria is a condition in which urine does not enter the bladder and, as a result, is not excreted from it. In this condition, the amount of urine emitted per day is reduced to fifty milliliters. With this clinical symptom, not only the absence of fluid in the bladder is noted, but also the urge to empty.

Botulism is a rather severe disease of a toxic-infectious nature, the course of which leads to damage to the nervous system, spinal cord and medulla oblongata. Botulism, the symptoms of which are manifested when botulinum toxin-containing products, aerosols and water enter the body, as a result of a complex of processes, also leads to the development of acute and progressive respiratory failure. As a result of the lack of proper treatment of botulism, the onset of death is not ruled out.

Many people have heard of such an ailment as dropsy. But few people know what this disease is and how it manifests itself. It is also worth knowing the answer to the most exciting question - how to get rid of dropsy? This information must be known, since the pathological process can occur in absolutely any person. Dropsy can develop even in a newborn baby. Causes Types Symptoms Ascites Hydrocele of the gallbladder Hydrocele in pregnancy Congenital hydrocele Edema of the testicle Hydrocele of the spermatic cord Complications of hydrocele of the testicle Recommendations of a specialist Hydrocele or hydrocele is a pathological process in which transudate (excess fluid) accumulates in the subcutaneous tissue and the space between the tissues. Most often, this pathology develops in the body against the background of diseases of the following organs: heart; endocrine glands; kidneys; liver.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a disease during pregnancy in which there is an increase in blood glucose levels. It is noteworthy that it develops only in late pregnancy. The main reason for the formation of the disease is a violation of the hormonal background. However, there are a large number of other predisposing factors and risk groups.

Gigantism is an ailment that progresses due to increased production of growth hormone by the pituitary gland (endocrine gland). This causes the rapid growth of the limbs and torso. In addition, patients often experience a decrease in sexual function, inhibition of development. In the case of progression of gigantism, it is likely that the person will be infertile.

Hyperaldosteronism - acts as a fairly often diagnosed pathological condition that develops against the background of increased secretion of such a hormone of the adrenal cortex as aldosterone. Most often, the pathology occurs in adults, but it can also affect a child.

Hyperglycemia is a pathological condition that progresses due to an increase in the concentration of glucose in the bloodstream against the background of diseases of the endocrine system, including diabetes mellitus. Normal blood sugar levels are 3.3 to 5.5 mmol/L. With glycemia, the indicators increase to 6-7 mmol / l. The ICD-10 code is R73.9.

Hyperinsulinemia is a clinical syndrome characterized by high levels of insulin and low blood sugar levels. Such a pathological process can lead not only to disruption of some body systems, but also to hypoglycemic coma, which in itself is a particular danger to human life.

Hypernatremia is a disease characterized by an increase in the level of sodium in the blood serum to a value of 145 mmol / l or higher. In addition, a low fluid content in the body is detected. Pathology has a fairly high mortality rate.

Hyperplasia of the adrenal cortex is a pathological condition in which there is a rapid multiplication of the tissues that make up these glands. As a result, the body increases in size and its functioning is impaired. The disease is diagnosed both in adult men and women, and in young children. It is worth noting that such a form of pathology as congenital hyperplasia of the adrenal cortex is more common. In any case, the disease is quite dangerous, therefore, when its first symptoms appear, you should immediately contact a medical institution for a comprehensive examination and the appointment of an effective method of therapy.

Hyperthyroidism (or thyrotoxicosis) is a clinical condition in which there is an excessively active production of thyroid hormones - triiodothyronine and thyroxine - by the thyroid gland. Hyperthyroidism, the symptoms of which are manifested as a result of supersaturation of the blood with these hormones and their spread by blood flow throughout the body, including tissues, organs and systems, leads to an acceleration of all processes in it, which negatively affects the general condition of the patient in a number of ways.

Hypomenorrhea (syn. meager menstruation) is a violation of the menstrual cycle, when a small amount of bloody fluid is released from the genital tract (less than 50 milliliters). Pathology can be both primary and secondary.

Hyponatremia is the most common form of water and electrolyte imbalance, when there is a critical decrease in the concentration of sodium in the blood serum. In the absence of timely assistance, the likelihood of a fatal outcome is not excluded.

Glomerulonephritis in children is an infectious-allergic pathology in which the inflammatory process is localized in the renal glomeruli. Among specialists from the field of pediatrics, it is considered the most common acquired childhood illness.

Diabetic nephropathy is a process of pathological changes in the renal vessels, which is caused by diabetes mellitus. This disease leads to the development of chronic renal failure, there is a high risk of death. The diagnosis is made through not only a physical examination of the patient, it also requires laboratory and instrumental methods of examination.

Dysentery, also defined as shigellosis, is a disease from the group of acute intestinal infections, this group itself includes diseases transmitted by the fecal-oral route. Dysentery, the symptoms of which are diarrhea and general intoxication, has a tendency to its own widespread prevalence, which implies the possibility of an epidemic or pandemic if it is detected.

Ketoacidosis is a dangerous complication of diabetes mellitus, which, without adequate and timely treatment, can lead to diabetic coma or even death. The condition begins to progress if the human body cannot fully use glucose as an energy source, as it lacks the hormone insulin. In this case, the compensatory mechanism is activated, and the body begins to use incoming fats as an energy source.

Leptospirosis is an ailment of an infectious nature, which is caused by specific pathogens from the genus Leptospira. The pathological process primarily affects the capillaries, as well as the liver, kidneys and muscles.

Fever of unknown origin (syn. LNG, hyperthermia) is a clinical case in which elevated body temperature is the leading or only clinical sign. This state is said when the values persist for 3 weeks (in children - longer than 8 days) or more.

Diabetes insipidus is a syndrome caused by a lack of vasopressin in the body, which is also defined as antidiuretic hormone. Diabetes insipidus, the symptoms of which are a violation of water metabolism and are manifested in the form of constant thirst along with increased polyuria (increased urine formation), is, meanwhile, a fairly rare disease.

Jade in medicine refers to a whole group of various inflammatory diseases of the kidneys. All of them have a different etiology, as well as a development mechanism, symptomatic and pathomorphological features. Clinicians include local or widespread processes in this group, during which the kidney tissue grows, partially or completely collapses.

Nephrosis is a group of pathological processes in which the renal tubules are mainly affected. These disorders are dystrophic in nature, that is, the chemical composition of cells and tissues changes, the functioning of the renal tubules deteriorates. All these processes occur in violation of fat and protein metabolism.

Nephrotic syndrome is a disorder of the functioning of the kidneys, characterized by a strong loss of protein, which is excreted from the body along with urine, a decrease in albumin in the blood, and impaired metabolism of proteins and fats. The disease is accompanied by edema with localization throughout the body and an increased ability of blood to clot. Diagnosis is made on the basis of data on changes in blood and urine tests. Treatment is complex and consists of diet and drug therapy.

Smallpox smallpox (or smallpox as it was formerly called) is a highly contagious viral infection that affects only humans. Smallpox, the symptoms of which are manifested in the form of general intoxication in combination with characteristic rashes covering the skin and mucous membranes, ends for patients who have undergone it with partial or complete loss of vision and in almost all cases with scars left after ulcers.

Acute viral hepatitis is an infection of the liver caused by specific microorganisms. Depending on which bacterium has become the source of the disease, the form of hepatitis will be determined. In addition to specific bacteria, other, unknown microorganisms can be the cause of the development of such a pathology. There are also a number of predisposing factors that increase the risk of developing the disease.

Pancreatitis in children is an autocatalytic enzymatic-inflammatory disease that affects the pancreas in a child and can lead to the development of gastroenterological diseases with other localization. It should be noted that this disease occurs not only in children, but also in adults.

Page 1 of 2

With the help of exercise and abstinence, most people can do without medicine.

Symptoms and treatment of human diseases

Reprinting of materials is possible only with the permission of the administration and indicating an active link to the source.

All information provided is subject to mandatory consultation by the attending physician!

Questions and suggestions:

Thirst: causes of development, diagnosis and treatment of comorbidities

From a physiological point of view, strong thirst or polydipsia is the body's response to a violation of the ratio of water and various salts contained in its tissues. A high concentration of salts in the blood plasma and tissue fluid adversely affects the osmotic pressure, which ensures the shape of the cells and their normal functioning. As a result, skin elasticity is lost, facial features become sharper, a person may be disturbed by headaches and dizziness. Therefore, the lack of fluid in the cells causes a very strong desire of the body to restore the water balance.

The feeling of unquenchable thirst or polydipsia decreases or disappears when drinking large volumes of water - more than two liters per day (for an adult).

Causes of intense thirst

Polydipsia occurs due to the intense activation of the drinking center located in the brain. This, as a rule, can be caused by physiological or pathological causes.

Physiological causes of extreme thirst include:

Increased loss of water through sweat during intense exercise or heat.
Dehydration of the body in case of poisoning, accompanied by diarrhea.
Intoxication of the body with alcohol breakdown products, for the natural withdrawal (through the kidneys) of which a large amount of water is required.
Too dry air in the room, because of which the body has to lose moisture. This situation usually occurs during the heating season and during the operation of air conditioners. To solve the problem with the normalization of humidity, you can use humidifiers or indoor plants that increase the level of moisture in the room.
The use of spicy, salty or smoked foods, as well as the abuse of coffee and sweet soda.
Consumption of water with an insufficient content of mineral salts, the so-called soft water. It is thanks to mineral salts that the body absorbs and retains water better. Therefore, it is advisable to choose mineral waters of the sodium chloride group with a sufficient salt content for drinking.
The consumption of water with excessive salt content also negatively affects the body's water balance, since salt in excess prevents cells from absorbing water.
Eating foods and drinks that have diuretic properties. These foods cause dehydration and a strong desire to drink.

If the physiological causes of polydipsia are excluded at least for a while, but the feeling of thirst does not stop, you should immediately contact a therapist and undergo all the necessary studies, since the causes of this problem may be pathological.

Pathological causes of polydipsia include:

The development of diabetes mellitus, which at first is always accompanied by frequent and copious urine output, which in turn dehydrates the body and causes thirst. The following accompanying symptoms may also indicate the development of this disease: skin itching, dizziness, recurrent headaches, sudden weight gain.
Diabetes insipidus is a violation of the endocrine system, which is accompanied by an intensive excretion of water through the kidneys (several liters of light-colored urine per day). With this problem, you should consult an endocrinologist. The main reasons for the development of diabetes insipidus are neurosurgical interventions or brain injuries.
Hyperparathyroidism is a violation of the parathyroid glands, in which calcium is washed out of the bone tissue. And since calcium is osmotically active, it “takes” water with it. Other symptoms may indicate the development of this endocrine disease:
- urine is white;
- sudden weight loss;
- muscle weakness;
- increased fatigue;
- pain in the legs;
- early tooth loss.
Kidney disease, which is usually accompanied by swelling, dry mouth, problem urination. Sick kidneys are not able to retain in the body the volumes of water necessary for its full-fledged life. The most common kidney disorders are acute and chronic pyelonephritis, primary and secondary contracted kidney, glomerulonephritis, hydronephrosis, and chronic renal failure.
Chronic stress and nervous tension, as well as more serious mental disorders (obsessive-compulsive disorder, schizophrenia). Mental problems can provoke a violation of the thirst regulation center, which is located in the hypothalamus. According to statistics, this cause of intense thirst is most often encountered by women. As a rule, symptoms such as drowsiness, tearfulness and irritability can indicate the development of a mental disorder simultaneously with an unquenchable desire to drink.
Brain tumor, stroke and other focal lesions and brain injuries that can disrupt the hypothalamus, which is responsible for the central regulation of thirst.
Pathological problems with the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), accompanied by constant hidden bleeding, which often causes a feeling of thirst. Most often, polydipsia is caused by an intestinal tumor, hemorrhoids, etc. To diagnose the presence of hidden bleeding, first of all, you need to take a stool test.
Generalized hyperhidrosis - increased sweating of a pathological nature. This disorder may indicate the development of diseases such as:
- thyrotoxicosis;
- acromegaly;
- pathological menopause;
- Hodgkin's lymphoma;
- other disorders of the endocrine system.

Increased non-physiological sweating is the reason for a visit to the endocrinologist.

Diseases that may be indicated by the presence of intense thirst in combination with nausea

Most often, these symptoms are combined with:

In addition, the combination of polydipsia and nausea may indicate diseases, the development of which causes other accompanying symptoms:

A white coating on the tongue, belching, heartburn, dryness and bitterness in the mouth may indicate disorders in the gallbladder (cholecystitis, pancreatitis or gastritis). The same symptoms may occur during the use of certain antibiotics and antihistamines.
Burning gums and tongue, a metallic taste in the mouth, combined with nausea and thirst, can be disturbing in inflammation of the gums.
Heartburn, a feeling of fullness and pain in the stomach may indicate the development of gastritis of the stomach.
Violation of the body's water balance and dry mouth, bitterness, white or yellow plaque on the tongue indicate a violation of the thyroid gland.
Nausea, polydipsia in combination with other painful symptoms in the gastrointestinal tract may indicate the development of diseases of the central nervous system (psychosis, neurosis, amenorrhea, neurotic disorders).

It is important to understand that if thirst and nausea bother you for several days, you cannot cope without medical help. You should consult a doctor who will professionally assess the associated symptoms; pass all the necessary tests and undergo a series of diagnostic studies. All these activities will help determine what kind of pathology you are suffering from.

Intense thirst and drugs

It is worth noting that polydipsia can be caused by taking medications that help remove moisture from the body. It can be:

In addition, some medications can cause increased sweating and thirst (for example, acetylsalicylic acid), which is usually listed on their list of side effects.

Among the popular drugs that make many patients thirsty are Metformin, an antidiabetic agent used in the treatment of:

Diabetes mellitus type 1 and 2.
Impaired glucose tolerance.
Gynecological diseases.
Endocrinological disorders.

Also, this drug is used to normalize body weight, since its active substance reduces insulin production, significantly reducing appetite. During the use of Metformin, a carbohydrate-free diet should be followed, otherwise side effects from the gastrointestinal tract are possible - nausea, vomiting, loose stools, metallic taste in the mouth.

It is important to understand that with a competent approach to the use of Metformin, in compliance with all the recommendations specified in the instructions for this drug, any side effects are excluded, including dehydration and thirst.

Polydipsia during pregnancy

As you know, the human body consists of 80% water, the sufficient presence of which in each of its cells guarantees the normal functioning of the whole organism. During pregnancy, every woman is subject to increased stress and trials. Very often, the body of the expectant mother suffers from thirst and water balance disorders, which can provoke a slowdown in metabolic processes and lead to pathological changes in the mother's body and the development of the fetus.

The main causes of severe thirst in pregnant women:

Formation of amniotic fluid. With each week of fetal development, the volume of amniotic fluid increases, which means that the amount of water needed increases, and, accordingly, polydipsia increases.
During the first trimester of pregnancy, a woman needs more fluid in order to remove toxins and waste products, since the undeveloped organs of the fetus are not yet able to neutralize them on their own.
Changes in the structure of the circulatory system that occur up to the 20th week of gestation. Since the body of a pregnant woman has to work more intensively, there is an increased need for fluid, the lack of which leads to the fact that the blood thickens. With a thick consistency of blood, the risk of blood clots, ischemia and other pathologies of the cardiovascular system increases.
Change in food tastes. Since a woman tends to overindulge in sweet, salty, spicy or fatty foods during pregnancy, she has an increased need for additional fluids to help digest and remove excess salt from the body.
Bacterial and viral infections, intestinal and respiratory disorders can also cause polydipsia.
Gestational diabetes mellitus, the development of which is accompanied by thirst and dry mouth. This disease can be diagnosed with urine and stool tests.

It is worth noting that there are situations when, according to urinalysis and accompanying symptoms, a pregnant woman needs to reduce the amount of fluid consumed. Otherwise, preeclampsia may develop and the risk of premature birth increases.

Diagnosis of polydipsia

Since polydipsia can be a symptom of a rather serious pathology of some body system, the diagnosis of thirst is a very complex and lengthy process, which includes:

questioning the patient;
inspection;
delivery of laboratory tests. As a rule, a blood and urine test is done first. If the cause of increased thirst is not established, then tests for hormones, liver and kidney tests are prescribed;
hardware study of individual organs of the patient (radiography of the lungs, ECG, ultrasound, etc.).

Note! If thirst is non-physiological in nature, then the body, in most cases, is first diagnosed for the presence of diabetes or diabetes insipidus, as well as disorders in the functioning of the kidneys or the cardiovascular system, since these are the problems most often found in patients.

Prevention and treatment of polydipsia

The main task of the prevention and treatment of increased thirst is to restore the water-salt balance, as well as to identify and eliminate the factors that cause the body to feel unwell.

Increase the amount of fluid you drink to two liters per day. So that the problem of increased thirst does not make itself felt for a long time, it is advisable to drink half a cup of purified water every hour.
Normalize the humidity in the room where you are, because dry air increases thirst. To increase the humidity, you can have indoor plants or purchase a humidifier.
Refuse to consume fatty, spicy and salty foods, various dietary supplements and drugs that cause thirst, as well as snacks, coffee, alcoholic beverages, sweet soda.
Get rid of bad habits (smoking).
Half an hour before the start of training or other physical activity, drink half a glass of water.
Monitor the quality of your urination. If the urine is too light or dark in color, it is necessary to reconsider the amount of fluid consumed. With a normal water content in the body, urine has a moderately yellow color without a strong odor.

If the physiological factors that cause thirst are completely eliminated, but dehydration does not stop, you should immediately go to a general practitioner or endocrinologist at the place of residence, who will prescribe all the necessary tests and conduct a thorough examination of the body. If there is a head injury, after which increased thirst began to be observed, it is necessary to seek advice from a traumatologist and a neurologist.

It is important to understand that an increased feeling of thirst is not a cause, but a symptom of some kind of ailment. And that it is quite possible that we can talk about very serious diseases. Therefore, the appearance of polydipsia should never be ignored.

Evtushenko Oleg, endocrinologist

Information is provided for informational purposes. Do not self-medicate. At the first sign of disease, consult a doctor. There are contraindications, you need to consult a doctor. The site may contain content prohibited for viewing by persons under 18 years of age.

The manifestation of thirst (polydipsia) is quite normal and understandable after sports training, hot weather, after eating salty, spicy foods. Thirst appears when the body's fluid supply decreases. But, it happens that a person wants to drink all the time, regardless of how much liquid he has already drunk.

Constant thirst, the reasons for its appearance are varied. Today we will talk about these reasons on the pages of our website www.site.

The amount of fluid in the body decreases due to increased sweating, vomiting, diarrhea. The body quickly loses moisture due to increased body temperature, while on a diet, as well as from prolonged exposure to the sun. Diuretics and steroids are especially conducive to fluid loss.

With a decrease in the amount of fluid, the body draws moisture from saliva. Therefore, the oral mucosa becomes dry. Facial features are also sharpened, the skin becomes flabby, wrinkles form on it. It is urgent to replenish the water supply in the body, because otherwise, headaches, weakness, fatigue, a feeling of a decrease in overall tone and efficiency appear.

What causes constant thirst?

Diabetes: In the presence of this disease, a person drinks a lot of water, but he is still constantly thirsty. If severe thirst occurs when using insulin, sugar-lowering drugs, an exacerbation of the disease is expected. In these cases, you should be tested for elevated sugar, and then immediately start taking drugs that reduce glucose levels.

Brain injury: After head injuries, neurosurgical operations, there is also intense thirst. It begins acutely, a person can drink 10 or even 20 liters of water per day. Diabetes insipidus begins to develop, there is a deficiency of hormones that limit urination.

Excess hormones: In this case, the function of the parathyroid glands increases, which is accompanied by intense thirst. At the same time, pain in the bones appears, fatigue sets in, rapid weakness, and a sharp decrease in weight. Urine becomes whitish in color due to calcium being leached from the bones. In the presence of such symptoms, it is necessary to seek advice from an endocrinologist.

Kidney disease: Affected kidneys are unable to retain water effectively, resulting in an increased desire to drink. Diseases such as pyelonephritis, glomerulonephritis, hydronephrosis, polycystic kidney disease cause an increased need for fluid in the body. Also, these ailments are characterized by the presence of edema. A severe complication is renal failure - a dangerous condition for human life. To avoid this, you need to urgently contact a specialist nephrologist.

Taking certain medications: Thirst can be provoked by taking clonidine, which is used to lower blood pressure, taking antibiotics of the tetracycline series, phenothiazine, lithium. Also, self-administration of diuretics, such as hypothiazide, furosemide, can also cause a constant desire to drink water.

Also, many people with an unbalanced psyche are constantly tormented by a lack of fluid. Basically, women who are prone to whims, irritable, conflict suffer from this. Drug addicts suffer from constant thirst. So if your teenager puts a cup of water next to the bed at night, pay attention to it.

Here are some more reasons that cause constant thirst:

Excessive consumption of strong coffee, alcohol, salty foods cause a desire to drink. Some internal infections, burns, cirrhosis, hepatitis, dehydration, various bleeding, and mental disorders also contribute to this.

How to get rid of constant thirst?

Try to drink before you feel a strong urge to drink water. To prevent thirst from making itself felt, drink half a cup of pure water every hour. Increase the amount of fluid you drink if you are in a dry, warm room for a long time. It is recommended to drink eight glasses of liquid throughout the day.

Watch your urination. To rid your body of dehydration, you should drink such an amount of liquid that the urine will not be dark or too light in color. An indicator of sufficient fluid content is urine of a normal, moderate yellow color.

Drink clean water during physical work, sports training. During hard work, a person loses from 1.5 to 2 liters of fluid and only after that feels thirsty. Therefore, to prevent dehydration, drink half a glass of water 15 minutes before starting work or playing sports. Then drink water every 15 minutes. during, and 15 minutes after the end of work or training.

If the thirst is constant, you drink a large amount of fluid per day, but you still want to drink, you need to take a blood test for high sugar. Since diabetes can be the cause of constant thirst, you need to undergo a medical examination, and, if necessary, adhere to a special treatment program, follow a diet.

So we talked about why there is a constant thirst, the reasons for how to get rid of told. When the above symptoms appear, you should immediately seek advice from an endocrinologist or therapist. If you want to drink after a head injury, then you need to go to an appointment with a neurologist or traumatologist. Having established the cause of constant thirst, it is easier to get rid of this obsessive state. Be healthy!

The most common causes of excessive thirst are: heavy sweating during heat, during physical exertion, bronchitis, dehydration with diarrhea, elevated body temperature. Constant thirst occurs with a water-electrolyte imbalance. In the body, salts and liquid clearly interact. The main ions that can determine the level of salt in the blood plasma are potassium and sodium. As for the negatively charged ions - anions that determine the saline composition of the tissue fluid, they include chlorides. The water-salt balance in the body ensures the vital activity of cells and determines the osmotic pressure in the tissues. If the water-electrolyte balance in the tissues is disturbed, constant thirst appears. What can provoke such manifestations and the occurrence of dry mouth and desire to drink?

Groups of causes of constant thirst and dry mouth

There are 5 reasons for the violation of the water-salt balance in the body and, accordingly, constant thirst:

The process of removing fluid from the body increases.
The amount of fluid in the body is reduced.
The amount of salts in the body increases.
The process of removing salt from the body is reduced.
Increased thirst in diseases of the brain.

Reason number 1 - The process of removing fluid from the body increases

There are several ways through which fluid is excreted from the body:

kidneys;
leather;
intestines;
Airways.

Excretion of fluid through the kidneys

Frequent urination occurs while taking diuretics or other drugs that can increase the removal of water from the body. Phytopreparations and weight loss products have a quick diuretic effect.

Drinks that contain a lot of ethanol (beer) can also increase urine production and cause subsequent thirst.

Unquenchable thirst against the background of excessive excretion of light urine (more than one liter per day) can be a symptom of diabetes insipidus. This disease causes water incontinence in the kidneys and its rapid circulation. It is necessary to solve such a problem after consultation with an endocrinologist.

In addition, excessive urination is inherent in the following disease: chronic glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis (acute and chronic), kidney wrinkling (primary or secondary). These ailments increase urination, the body dehydrates faster and there is a strong thirst. It is necessary to treat such conditions together with a urologist and a therapist.

With osmotic diuresis, along with salts or glucose, fluid is “washed out” of the body. For example, when glucose is lost, intense thirst also occurs, that is, during the development of diabetes. As a clue that large amounts of urine and thirst are the causes of diabetes, there may be itchy skin.

Loss of fluid through the skin

If the constant thirst is due to heavy sweating and has no additional symptoms, the cause of dry mouth is excessive exercise or heat. These are harmless causes, in which thirst is eliminated by a one-time replenishment of fluids.

If excessive sweating and intense thirst are accompanied by increasing pathological symptoms and deterioration, you should immediately go for examinations. Such signs may indicate the development of thyrotoxicosis, pathological menopause, a number of endocrine diseases, Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Excretion of water through the intestines

In a situation where there is severe vomiting and frequent loose stools, a feeling of thirst will be present due to tissue dehydration. This may be a sign of diarrhea, as a less dangerous disease, or an intestinal tumor, as a more serious ailment.

Loss of water through the respiratory mucosa

Dry mouth and thirst appear with mouth breathing: during rhinitis, enlarged adenoids, chronic snoring. If mouth breathing is rapid, the mouth dries up even more and you always want to drink. Breathing quickens with bronchitis or pneumonia, heart failure, or fever. Also, respiratory failure can develop against the background of cerebral oxygen starvation.

Reason 2. - The amount of fluid entering the body is reduced

With a lack of fluid, a person will feel dry mouth and thirst. This is a natural process if you drink very little water per day. The level of fluid in the body depends on gender, age, weight. Even the field of activity partially determines how much water a person needs to drink. On average, the body needs 1.5-2 liters of water per day, and during intensive training, in hot weather or hard physical labor, you need to drink more than 2 liters.

Reason 3. - The amount of salts in the body increases

If you eat a lot of salty or smoked foods, salts in the body will begin to accumulate and be absorbed into the blood. As a result, the osmotic pressure in the tissues will begin to increase and the body will need to turn on protection - thirst, in order to quickly remove toxins and restore the balance between salts and water.

Reason 4. - The process of removing salt from the body is reduced

Salt retention in tissues occurs in chronic renal failure. Therefore, it is extremely important to establish the cause of salt retention in order to prevent the critical development of the disease.

Reason 5. - Violation of brain activity

The so-called "thirst center", under the control of which the desire to drink arises or is dulled, is located in the hypothalamus. During problems with the brain, these functions are disturbed, thirst arises as a result of mental disorders, brain injuries, brain tumors.

Control the amount of fluid you drink throughout the day.
Avoid thirst-producing drugs, foods and drinks that make you constantly thirsty.
Seek advice from a general practitioner, endocrinologist or urologist.
Pass the main tests to specify the situation: a general analysis of urine and blood, a biochemical blood test, an X-ray of the lungs and an ECG.
Further clarification of the causes of constant thirst follows after receiving the results of the main tests.

Thirst can be a simple signal from the body that there is not enough water and needs to be replenished. But, strong and constant thirst can also serve as the first "bell" of serious electrolyte imbalance and the development of diseases. It is better to consult with a specialist and find out the true causes of thirst.

If dry mouth occurs when you are nervous or have lost a lot of fluid, this is normal. But if the feeling of constant thirst bothers you for no apparent reason, you need to see a doctor.

Usually, the brain uses the feeling of thirst to signal that the body is dehydrated and needs to replenish lost fluids. Normally, this sensation disappears after the water balance in the body is restored. If thirst and dry mouth are constantly disturbing, for no apparent reason, this is a sign of illness.

The phenomenon when you drink a lot of fluids, but can not get drunk, is called polydipsia in medicine - this is a symptom of many diseases. Dry mouth is often associated with xerostomia, which is what doctors call a condition where not enough saliva is produced in the mouth. Often these phenomena accompany each other and have similar causes. Less commonly, xerostomia, that is, dry mouth, exists without a feeling of thirst. Simply rinsing out your mouth is enough to temporarily improve your well-being.

Saliva plays a big role in maintaining oral health, so with persistent dry mouth, various problems arise:

burning or soreness in the mouth;
cracks and peeling on the lips;
bad breath;
reduction or distortion of taste sensations;
oral infections, such as oral thrush or other types of stomatitis;
caries and inflammation of the gums;
difficulty swallowing food (dysphagia);
hoarseness of voice.

If you have dry mouth, it is important to take good care of your teeth to reduce the risk of dental disease.

Causes

Why do you want to drink?

Dehydration- the most common reason for wanting to drink. Dehydration develops when you lose more fluids than you get from food and drink. This is possible in hot weather or during active physical work, when you sweat a lot. Sometimes dehydration develops against the background of an illness. Especially common causes of dehydration are intestinal infections with vomiting and diarrhea or other diseases with high fever, especially in children. Dehydration can greatly impair well-being, reduce performance, cause headaches and drowsiness. Severe dehydration is dangerous to health and life. Learn more about how to protect yourself from dehydration.
Food, especially salty and spicy can cause extreme thirst and dry mouth. Sometimes thirst is caused by simple overeating. Therefore, if you are thirsty all the time, remember what you ate the day before.
Medications drugs such as antidepressants, antihistamines, diuretics, and some herbal preparations sometimes cause dry mouth and thirst. These medicines can affect the salivary glands, inhibiting their function, or increase the body's excretion of water. Speak with your prescriber to change your medication if it causes you uncomfortable symptoms.
Diabetes accompanied by polydipsia, as well as the need to urinate frequently, increased fatigue, and sometimes pruritus. Dry mouth and thirst are often the first symptoms of diabetes, when a person is not yet aware of their problems. In diabetes, the body does not absorb glucose (sugar), which is needed for energy. A high concentration of glucose causes the kidneys to excrete more urine, which increases fluid loss and causes a desire to constantly drink.
diabetes insipidus- a rare disease associated with a violation of the kidneys, which begin to secrete too much urine, so you constantly want to drink. The disease often develops in children and young people and is associated either with a lack of a hormone called antidiuretic, or with a decrease in the sensitivity of the kidneys to it. The cause of the disease, for example, may be an injury or a brain tumor.
Pregnancy very often accompanied by a feeling of thirst, as well as frequent urination. As a rule, these symptoms are associated with normal changes in the body of a woman during childbearing and do not require concern. However, in rare cases, they may indicate the development of gestational diabetes. Therefore, all women should monitor their blood sugar levels several times during pregnancy. To do this, you need to contact the antenatal clinic.

Causes of dry mouth

The causes of dry mouth can be all of the above diseases and conditions, as well as some others that usually do not lead to the development of thirst, but only cause a desire to constantly moisten the lips or oral mucosa.

Nasal congestion with a runny nose, after a nasal tamponade (see "Nosebleeds") and in other conditions makes you breathe through the mouth. As a result, the mucous membrane of the oral cavity and oropharynx dries up, especially in rooms with central heating or in hot weather.
Radiation therapy head or neck area can lead to inflammation of the salivary glands and dry mouth.
Sjögren's syndrome- a chronic disease of the immune system, when it begins to destroy its own glands: salivary, lacrimal and some others. Symptoms are severe dryness in the mouth, in the nose, a feeling of sand in the eyes and the absence of tears. The treatment and diagnosis of this pathology is usually handled by a rheumatologist.
mumps (mumps)- an infectious disease of the salivary glands, traditionally considered a childhood infection. During illness, the production of saliva can be disrupted, which causes a feeling of dry mouth.

Dry mouth and thirst: what to do?

As a rule, the feeling of constant thirst and dryness in the oral cavity quickly disappear under the influence of treatment of the underlying disease that caused these symptoms. However, if it is impossible to get rid of the cause, or the treatment takes a long time, you will need symptomatic therapy, that is, measures that can make you feel better.

For example, the following tips can help you cope with dry mouth:

increase your fluid intake- as often as possible, take 1-2 sips of cool water or unsweetened drinks;
suck on sugar-free candy or chew gum- it stimulates the salivary glands;
keep ice cubes in your mouth- the ice will melt slowly and moisten the mucous membrane;
avoid alcohol(including alcohol-based mouthwashes), caffeine, and smoking can all exacerbate your complaints.

If the above measures do not help, a doctor, more often a dentist, may suggest artificial saliva substitutes. These are products in the form of gels, sprays or lozenges that moisturize the oral cavity. Saliva substitutes are used on demand, that is, when there is discomfort in the mouth, including before and during meals.

If your dry mouth is caused by radiation therapy or Sjögren's syndrome, your doctor may prescribe saliva stimulants, such as pilocarpine. Like all medicines, pilocarpine has its own indications and contraindications, so it is not recommended to take it without a doctor's prescription.

Which doctor should I contact with dry mouth and thirst?

If you are constantly thirsty and worried about the feeling of dry mouth, consult a general practitioner - a general practitioner. He will conduct an initial diagnosis and will be able to name the most likely causes of your complaints. After the examination, the therapist can refer you to narrow specialists:

endocrinologist - if you suspect diabetes or other hormonal problems;
to the dentist - if dry mouth is caused by problems in the mouth or diseases of the salivary glands; the dentist prescribes saliva substitutes and means to moisturize the oral cavity, and also deals with oral hygiene and treats concomitant diseases with xerostomia.

You can choose good doctors on your own using the NaPopravku service by clicking on the links above or by visiting the section

by Notes of the Wild Mistress

Our body is arranged so cunningly and wisely that the slightest malfunctions in the work of some organs and systems immediately send SOS signals. For example, what can the constant thirst that overcomes a person mean?

A simple feature of the body or a harbinger of some kind of disease? There are several reasons for this, let's try to figure it out.

1. Lack of fluid.

This most often happens during the hot season. If a person drinks little, the body "turns on" a kind of protective mechanism that saves him from dehydration. At the same time, the mucous membrane of the mouth dries up, facial features become sharper, eyes sink, the skin becomes dry and flabby. The kidneys “save” precious moisture, so a person very rarely visits the toilet.

What to do: in the heat, with increased physical activity, heavy sweating, bleeding, vomiting and diarrhea, you need to drink much more. As soon as the water balance in the body is restored, the thirst will pass.

2. Diabetes.

Constant thirst and frequent urination are the first symptoms of an insidious and formidable disease. This is due to an imbalance of hormones that regulate water-salt metabolism.

What to do: take tests to find out the level of sugar in the blood, and if it is elevated, immediately contact an endocrinologist who will prescribe the appropriate treatment, in particular, drugs that reduce glucose levels.

3. Lots of hormones.

Strong thirst often occurs with increased function of the parathyroid glands (they are located on the neck near the thyroid gland). The disease also causes other changes: pain in the bones, fatigue, muscle weakness, sudden weight loss, teeth may fall out. Calcium leached from the bones turns the urine white.

What to do: contact an endocrinologist who will prescribe the appropriate treatment.

4. Problematic kidneys.

Thirst is almost always noted in pyelonephritis, glomerulonephritis, hydronephrosis, polycystic kidney disease, renal failure and other diseases. This is due to the fact that the affected kidneys are not able to retain water, resulting in an increased need for fluid. Moreover, thirst persists even when the amount of urine excreted decreases and edema appears.

What to do: Be sure to consult a nephrologist. Ignoring the disease, you can wait for serious complications, when only hemodialysis or kidney transplantation can help a person.

5. neurological problems.

Sometimes intense thirst occurs after brain injuries or neurosurgical operations. The disease, as a rule, occurs abruptly, the patient can even indicate the day and hour when this happened. diabetes insipidus develops. At the same time, patients can drink ten to twenty liters of water per day, but the thirst still does not go away. It's all about the deficiency of hormones that limit urination.

What to do: immediately consult a doctor, preferably a neurologist.

6. Medicines are to blame.

Taking certain drugs causes dry mouth, so a person drinks a lot. So, in particular, there are some drugs to lower blood pressure, antihistamines, drugs for bronchial asthma, etc.

What to do: Talk to your doctor about whether these drugs can be replaced.

7. Thirst on "nervous grounds".

Such "psychological" thirst is observed most often in women. In addition, whims, irritability, tearfulness, and a depressed mood are added to it.

What to do: try to "deceive" your body, wet your lips, lean into the water and make a few swallowing movements, rinse your mouth. Sometimes this is enough to make such pseudo-thirst disappear.

Valeria Bespalova