Gastrointestinal infections: preventive measures. Prevention of infectious diseases - all types and methods of protection against infections

Acute intestinal infections are widespread throughout the world and affect adults and children.

Among all infectious pathologies, acute intestinal infections account for 20%.

Acute intestinal infections are a group of infectious diseases caused by various microorganisms (bacteria, viruses), manifested by digestive disorders and symptoms of dehydration.

Intestinal infections occur at any time of the year: viral, most often occur in the cold season (with an increase in the incidence of influenza and SARS), bacterial - in the warm season.

In connection with the favorable effect of a warm climate on the reproduction of microorganisms, the incidence of acute intestinal infections is especially high in the summer. During this period, there is a sharp increase in the level of infection of water, soil, food with pathogens of acute intestinal infections. Children are especially susceptible to intestinal infections during the warm period. This is due to the low degree of activity of protective factors, as well as the lack of formed hygiene skills in children. Immune defense factors in the gastrointestinal tract in children are formed by the age of 5.

Almost all causative agents of acute intestinal infection are characterized by a very high sustainability. For example, pathogens of paratyphoid and typhoid fever continue their viability in milk for more than 2 months, in water even longer.

Dysentery germs in milk can live and multiply for 7 days, and in river water - 35 days. Viruses can remain viable on various objects for 10 to 30 days, and in feces for more than six months.

Types of acute intestinal infections:

· bacterial : salmonellosis, dysentery, yersiniosis, escherichiosis, campylobacteriosis; acute intestinal infection caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Clostridium, Klebsiella, Proteus; staphylococcal food poisoning, typhoid fever, cholera, botulism and others

· AKI of viral etiology : rotavirus, enterovirus, coronavirus, adenovirus, reovirus infection

· fungal intestinal infections (usually fungi of the genus Candida)

· protozoal intestinal infections (giardiasis, amebiasis) - are characterized by extremely severe clinical symptoms.

Who is the source of the infection?

The main source of infection is sick human. healthy is dangerous bacteriocarrier and the one whose disease proceeds in an erased form, in which he does not even notice it.

How does infection occur?

Ways of infection:

Bacteria enter the human body through the mouth, along with food, water or through dirty hands. For example, dysentery can begin with the use of tap water, unboiled milk; coli can enter the body with an expired fermented milk product; salmonellosis can be contracted by eating contaminated foods, such as chicken and eggs, vegetables and greens that have not been washed well with water.

mechanism of infection.

The main mechanism of entry of microorganisms into the human body is alimentary, but viral infections are also characterized by airborne infection.

Transfer factors:

Food, household items, swimming in open water (depending on the infection). Insects (cockroaches, flies) play a role in the transmission of some infections

unsanitary conditions

Non-compliance with the rules of personal hygiene

* The most dangerous discharge of the patient.

Most susceptible to intestinal infections

Children under 5 years old

· Elderly people

Persons with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract

People suffering from alcoholism

People with weakened immune systems.

Incubation period on average lasts from 6 hours to 2 days.

clinical picture.

As a rule, acute intestinal infections begin acutely with fever, loose stools, and abdominal pain.

Common symptoms of acute intestinal infections:

· Intoxication. Fever, weakness, dizziness, body aches

* Digestive disorders: pain in the stomach, nausea, repeated vomiting, frequent stools (stools become watery)

· Dehydration. Especially dangerous for children.

Clinical picture and prevention of some infections.

Infections caused by bacteria.

Cholera.

calls cholera bacterium species Vibrio Cholerae.

Infection is transmitted with raw water, food, in contact with patients.

Incubation period lasts from several hours to 6 days, more often 1-2 days.

Symptoms of infection: pointed features, hoarse voice, agonizing thirst, constant vomiting, dry skin, weakness, sudden and frequent diarrhea, resembling rice water, muscle pain and convulsions.

Treatment aimed at restoring the water-salt balance, the introduction of antibiotics and vitamins.

Prevention cholera is to prevent the introduction of infection, to observe sanitary and hygienic measures, such as water disinfection, hand washing, heat treatment of food, and disinfection of common areas. Specific prophylaxis consists in the introduction of cholera vaccine and cholerogen-toxoid (valid for 3-6 months).

salmonellosis

called bacteria of the genus Salmonella entering the body with food products of animal origin.

The main ways of infection:

· Food: meat of infected animals and birds, insufficiently thermally processed; drinking contaminated water

When swimming in polluted water.

Incubation period lasts from 2 hours to 3 days, more often 6-24 hours.

Symptoms: fever up to 38-39 ° C, weakness, headache, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, rumbling, bloating, repeated loose watery stools, pain in muscles and joints, cramps in the limbs.

Treatment consists in washing the stomach and intestines, administering saline solutions, antispasmodics and antibiotics. Plentiful drinking is necessary.

Prevention: thorough heat treatment of chicken and eggs, personal hygiene, separate storage and cutting of raw and cooked food.

Dysentery (shigellosis).

pathogens dysentery belongs to the genus Shigella.

source infection is a diseased or bacteriocarrier.

Transfer mechanism - fecal-oral.

The main routes of transmission are contact-household, water, alimentary.

Transfer factors: more milk. Perhaps vegetables, fruits, various items contaminated with shigella, flies.

Incubation period lasts from several hours to 7 days, more often 2-3 days.

Symptoms:

The disease begins acutely with the appearance of abdominal pain. Further, the disorder of the stool joins. The stool frequency ranges from 10 to 20 times a day. The chair first has a fecal character, then mucus, blood appears, the volume of feces decreases, they can take the form of spitting. The disease is accompanied by fever, chills, weakness, lethargy, loss of appetite.

Treatment:

Patients with dysentery must comply with bed rest. Patients with moderate and severe course of the disease are subject to hospitalization. Clinical nutrition, antibiotic therapy, compensation for fluid loss, and plenty of fluids are prescribed. For pain in the abdomen, antispasmodics are prescribed.

Prevention:

For emergency prophylaxis, a dysenteric bacteriophage is used. General prevention - sanitary and hygienic measures.

Botulism.

The causative agent of the disease Clostridium botulinum

Infection occurs when eating foods in which bacteria multiply under anaerobic conditions and the toxin accumulates in large quantities.

Incubation period lasts from 2 - 4 hours to 10 days. On average - 2 days.

clinical picture.

The disease begins acutely. Main symptoms: headache, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, blurred vision, swallowing, voice change. Death comes from respiratory paralysis.

Treatment.

If botulism is suspected, patients are subject to emergency hospitalization in hospitals with intensive care units. First of all, carry out cleansing of the stomach and intestines, anti-botulinum serum is administered. Its introduction is most effective on the first day. Antibiotics are prescribed. Patients with a severe course of the disease are artificially ventilated.

Prevention:

· Strict adherence to the technology of production of canned products.

Store homemade items in the refrigerator.

· Persons who have consumed a suspicious product are injected with half the therapeutic dose of anti-botulinum serum.

Infections caused by viruses.

Rotavirus infection.

Pathogen infection is rotavirus.

Mostly children from 6 months to 4 years are ill.

Transfer mechanism pathogen - fecal-oral, often through water.

Source of disease- a patient, to a lesser extent a virus carrier.

Incubation period lasts from 15 hours to 7 days.

clinical picture.

The disease begins violently, sharply, there are cramping pains in the abdomen, rumbling, loose stools. Half of the patients vomit. These symptoms are associated with fever, headache, intoxication and catarrhal phenomena. There is a decrease or lack of appetite.

Treatment.

Patients with severe signs of dehydration are subject to hospitalization. The majority of patients are treated at home. Rehydration therapy is being carried out. Replenishment of fluid in volumes corresponding to losses. A sparing diet is prescribed until the stool is restored.

Prevention:

Identification and isolation of patients.

· Disinfection in the focus of infection.

enteroviral infections.

Pathogen- enteroviruses of groups Coxsackie A, Coxsackie B, ECHO.

Transfer mechanism- fecal-oral. The route of transmission is alimentary. Transmission factors are most often vegetables.

Source of infection- a sick person who releases viruses into the environment with feces and respiratory secretions.

Incubation period is from 2 to 10 days.

Clinical picture.

The disease begins acutely with an increase in body temperature up to 38-39 ° C, headache, muscle pain. Nausea and vomiting, frequent loose stools are possible. Sometimes catarrhal phenomena join (rhinitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis), as well as herpetic eruptions on the tonsils. Manifestations of enterovirus infections are diverse, in especially severe forms, the development of serous meningitis and heart damage is possible.

Treatment.

Hospitalization is carried out according to clinical indications. In particular, in the presence of meningeal syndrome and other lesions of the nervous system. Carry out anti-inflammatory and rehydration therapy.

Prevention:

・Early detection of patients

Isolation of sick people for 2 weeks

In the focus of infection - disinfection

· Children under 3 years of age who had contact with patients are injected with normal human immunoglobulin, leukocyte interferon is instilled into the nose for 7 days.

Infections caused by protozoa.

Giardiasis.

The causative agent of the infection Lamblia intestinalis, belongs to the simplest.

Source of infection sick person or cyst carrier. The source of cysts can be dogs and other animals.

Transfer mechanism - fecal-oral (through water, food, household items, dishes).

Incubation period is 10-15 days.

clinical picture.

Patients have pain in the upper abdomen or in the navel, bloating, rumbling, nausea, constipation, alternating with diarrhea (yellow stools, with a slight admixture of mucus), biliary dyskinesia, atopic dermatitis, general weakness, fatigue, irritability, loss of appetite , headaches, dizziness, poor sleep.

Treatment.

Prevention:

Timely detection of patients and their treatment

Protection of products from contamination

· Fight against flies

Do not use water from open sources without first boiling

Washing fruits and vegetables

· Compliance with the rules of personal hygiene.

Diagnosis of acute intestinal infections.

The diagnosis is established on the basis of clinical signs of the disease, the results of a laboratory examination, and an epidemiological history.

Treatment of acute intestinal infections.

If you suspect an acute intestinal infection, you should contact an infectious disease specialist, therapist or pediatrician. With significant pain in the abdomen in children, it is necessary to call an ambulance to exclude surgical pathology. Young children are subject to mandatory hospitalization.

Symptoms that require immediate medical attention:

Loose stools more than 5 times a day

Multiple vomiting

Blood in stool

Cramping abdominal pain

Marked weakness and thirst

The presence of concomitant chronic infections.

Use pain relievers. In the case of surgical pathology, this will complicate the diagnosis.

Self-administer antidiarrheals, since most intestinal infections accumulate toxins in the intestines, and the use of such drugs will lead to their accumulation

· Use a heating pad. This will only increase the inflammatory process.

Prevention of acute intestinal infections.

Prevention of acute intestinal infections includes general hygienic and medical measures that are carried out constantly, regardless of the time of year and the level of morbidity.

It is necessary to identify the source of infection, isolate it and begin treatment. In the room where the patient was, disinfect.

Main personal preventive measures:

Observe the rules of personal hygiene: wash hands thoroughly before eating and distributing food, after visiting the toilet, street

· To monitor the cleanliness of the hands of children, teach them to observe the rules of personal hygiene

· Drink boiled or bottled water

· Choose safe foods

· Monitor product expiration dates

· Thoroughly wash vegetables and fruits before use under running water, and for children - boiled water

· Carry out thorough heat treatment of the necessary products

· It is advisable to eat food immediately after it is prepared.

Store prepared foods in the cold, protecting them from flies. Do not leave cooked food at room temperature for more than 2 hours

Properly store food in the refrigerator: avoid contact between raw and cooked foods (store in different dishes)

· Don't accumulate trash

· When going on vacation, you need to take a supply of clean drinking water with you. Do not drink water from open sources

· Swim only in specially designated areas. When swimming in ponds and pools, do not allow water to enter your mouth.

Measures of public prevention.

In order to prevent acute intestinal infections, state sanitary and epidemiological supervision is carried out over compliance with sanitary rules and regulations at the facilities of production, storage, transportation and sale (wholesale and retail) of food products, public catering, water utilities, regardless of ownership and departmental affiliation; for the observance by personnel of sanitary rules and norms in organized groups of children and adults, in medical institutions, sanatoriums, rest homes, nursing homes, etc.

Compulsory hygienic training is being carried out for workers of certain professions, industries and organizations directly related to the process of production, preparation, storage, transportation and sale of food products, drinking water, education and upbringing of children and adolescents with the issuance of personal medical books.

It is possible only theoretically. Simple sanitary and hygienic rules are known to everyone, but few people follow them carefully. Management of intestinal infections with vaccines and other drugs for specific prevention is ineffective. Therefore, the main task is the observance of sanitary and hygienic skills. The only exception to the situation described above is poliomyelitis, the only intestinal infection that is completely preventable by vaccination.

All methods should be divided into specific and non-specific. Specific ones are aimed at one specific causative agent of intestinal infection, non-specific - at once on the entire group of pathogens of this group of infectious diseases.

Sanitary and hygienic requirements

Aimed at preventing infection of food products and ready-made culinary dishes at public catering establishments (culinary workshop, school canteen, catering unit in a preschool institution or a medical institution). These requirements include:

Preparations

Deservedly popular drugs - enterofuril, smecta, furazolidone - are needed only for the treatment of intestinal infections. Their use for prevention is unacceptable, as the resistance of microbial agents to the active substance develops.

In emergency cases, it is allowed to take an enterosorbent ("Smecta", "Enterosgel") immediately after eating poor-quality food for possible neutralization of the toxin.

In the home first aid kit (for the treatment of intestinal infections) must be:

• solutions for oral rehydration ("Regidron", "Oralit");
• (furazolidone, ftalazol);
• ("Smekta", "Enterosgel");
• ("No-shpa");
• ("Mezim Forte", "Festal").

You should always consult your doctor before using any medication.

Proper nutrition

You need to be careful about any products that are supposed to be eaten. You should not eat dishes that have changed color, with an unpleasant odor and other violations of organoleptic indicators.

Especially dangerous from the point of view of infection with intestinal infections are such products:

• vegetable and fruit salads;
• cream confectionery;
• dairy products that do not undergo heat treatment;
• eggs boiled in a "pouch" or scrambled eggs fried on one side.

Do not use products stored (even in the refrigerator) for several days or even weeks. The unsuitability of such food is obvious.

Living conditions

The basis of a healthy diet and the absence of intestinal infections is:

• cleanliness of all kitchen utensils;
• separate cutlery for each family member;
• careful processing of all surfaces in the kitchen and in the dining room;
• lack of insects (flies, mosquitoes) in the kitchen and other rooms.

Increasing the body's immune forces

With intestinal infections, the main protection is cleanliness and order. Improving immune protection with the help of immunomodulators is not essential and does not reduce the risk of infection with pathogenic microbes.

In what cases is it necessary to consult a doctor?

A doctor's consultation is mandatory before using medications. You can not postpone a visit to the doctor (or call an ambulance) if:

The above signs can be observed both in intestinal infection and in acute surgical pathology of the abdominal organs. Only a doctor can understand the situation.

The best protection against intestinal infections is the careful observance of simple and well-known hygiene habits.

It is difficult to find a person who has never had an intestinal infection. Such a disease is quickly transmitted from person to person if preventive measures are not followed, as a result, entire families or groups are infected. Prevention of intestinal infections is mainly reduced to the observance of hygiene rules. These measures are often enough to avoid the disease.

General characteristics of the disease

Acute intestinal infections, in medical practice the abbreviation OKI is often used, is a huge group of infectious diseases that are caused by pathogenic and conditionally harmful bacteria, viruses and some protozoa. The most common intestinal infections are dysentery, salmonellosis, cholera, rotavirus, enterovirus, as well as food poisoning, which is provoked by staphylococcus aureus. Diseases of this group are quite common and are second only to respiratory diseases in terms of the number of cases of infection. Most of the patients are children from one to six years old.

The main causes of the disease

Intestinal infections most often occur due to non-compliance with basic hygiene rules or improper heat treatment of food. Infection occurs under the following factors:

• By direct contact with a sick person.
• When using household items and utensils that a sick person used before.
• When drinking raw drinking water from the tap, if it has not been properly cleaned.
• If food was taken with dirty hands.
• When using low-quality or expired food.
• If hygiene is not observed in the kitchen when preparing food and storing kitchen utensils.
• If a person swallows water while swimming in open water.
• When consuming raw milk or uncooked dairy products.
• When eating undercooked meat or raw eggs.
• If, after communicating with pets or birds, a person did not wash his hands.

You can get an intestinal infection everywhere - in public transport, a store, various organizations and children's groups. Almost no one is safe from it. In pregnant women and young children, the disease is especially difficult, due to reduced immunity, and the elderly are also at risk.

Insects, mainly flies, often become carriers of intestinal infections. They carry pathogens on their paws. As a preventive measure, you need to protect your home from these annoying insects.

Symptoms of diseases

Once the pathogen enters the human body, it is considered a carrier of the infection. For a few more days, a person may not even suspect that he is sick, and continue to communicate with many people. The incubation period can be from a couple of hours to several weeks, it all depends on the type of pathogen and human immunity.

After the incubation period, the acute phase of the disease develops, which is manifested by the following symptoms:

1. On the part of the gastrointestinal tract, a number of pathological changes occur - nausea, indomitable vomiting, pain in the stomach and abdomen, watery diarrhea, sometimes interspersed with blood and mucus.
2. From the side of the central nervous system - dizziness, pain, fever, sometimes convulsions and confusion.

In especially severe cases, when infected with a certain pathogen, dehydration quickly occurs. The mucous membranes of the patient become dry, the skin becomes bluish and there is a strong weakness.

In order to prevent dehydration, which poses a danger to life, it is often necessary, but in small portions, to solder a sick person. As a drink, you can give water, teas, compotes, fruit drinks and decoctions of herbs.

How to prevent intestinal infections

Measures to prevent intestinal infections are quite simple, but at the same time effective. To protect yourself and your family from this unpleasant disease, you need to follow these recommendations:

• It is good to wash vegetables, fruits and berries under running water - especially those that will be consumed raw. After washing, it is advisable to douse plant products with boiling water; under the influence of high temperatures, the bulk of pathogens die.
• You need to wash your hands immediately after the street, the toilet, after playing with pets, and also periodically during the day.
• Hands are washed well before starting food preparation, as well as during cooking, especially after butchering raw meat or fish.
• Eggs must be washed with warm water and soap before cooking. The eggshell is literally teeming with salmonella, pathogenic microorganisms during long-term storage can also penetrate inside the eggs, so it is not recommended to eat them raw.
• You can not eat raw or poorly fried meat, fish, and drink raw milk that was not bought in a store.

It must be remembered that frozen meat must be completely thawed before cooking. Due to the low temperature inside the product, the meat may not be fried.

• Prepared and raw foods should be stored separately from each other, in addition, different boards should be used for cutting them, which it is desirable to sign.
• Aspic, vinaigrette and other salads should be prepared immediately before serving, their long-term storage is unacceptable.
• It is necessary to store food in the refrigerator, low temperatures prevent the reproduction of pathogenic microorganisms.
• Food must be protected from flies and other insects. For this purpose, you can purchase a special mesh cap that covers the plates.

Prevention of intestinal infections also includes keeping the home completely clean. Kitchen rags and sponges should be changed regularly, as they are considered a breeding ground for infection. In addition, constantly wash the trash can with a disinfectant solution.

Particular attention is paid to the cleanliness of the bathroom. It is advisable to wash the toilet bowl every day with the addition of chlorine or other disinfectants.

If a case of AII is registered in the children's team

If a child falls ill in a kindergarten or school, then quarantine is introduced. Its duration depends on the type of pathogen. In this case, the doctors of the sanitation station visit the children's institutions, who take samples from the surfaces and food that the children eat. During the quarantine period, new children and those children who have been absent for a long time are not accepted into a group or class. Quarantine is considered over when a certain time has passed from the last case of the disease, most often it is 2-3 weeks.

If an educator, nanny or teacher, that is, those people who directly communicate with children, fell ill with an acute intestinal infection, then quarantine is also introduced. A person can go to work not when the acute symptoms of the disease subside, but when the test results show that the pathogen is absent in the body.

All surfaces in a classroom or kindergarten group are well disinfected, toilets are washed with chlorine, and full antiseptics are observed when cooking. The dishes after eating are washed with soapy water, and then doused with boiling water.

Intestinal infections are not uncommon, many people become infected with pathogens every day. With properly organized treatment, all the symptoms of the disease quickly pass, the person recovers in a short time.

poisoning.ru

Prevention of intestinal infections: precautions and reminder

Prevention of intestinal infections is relevant in the warm season. In the summer heat, most pathogenic microorganisms are activated and invade the human body. In the hot season, doctors note a significant increase in the incidence of intestinal infectious diseases. The danger to the human body is represented by staphylococcal infections, salmonella, shigella, enterovirus and other acute infections. Soon they enter the body and multiply in the intestines, causing serious diseases. A popular cause of acute intestinal illness in young children is rotavirus.

A simple way for pathogenic microflora to enter the intestines is through dirty hands. However, this path is far from the only one. Bacteria enter the body with dirty water and unwashed vegetables or fruits. When eating insufficiently processed meat or swimming in a pond.

Measures to prevent gastrointestinal infections is the hygiene of the digestive system. These rules are simple, but you must adhere to them constantly.

Prevention of acute intestinal infections in food preparation

Measures to prevent intestinal infections, which are observed in the preparation of food and during the storage of food:

1. In no case do not eat foods and dishes that raise doubts about their good quality or whose shelf life has expired.
2. You can buy food products only from those sellers who have passed a special check. This requirement is especially relevant for perishable meat and dairy products.
3. Prevention of gastrointestinal infections involves strict adherence to the temperature regime when cooking. Boiling kills pathogenic microorganisms that cause diseases of the digestive tract.
4. Wash the shell thoroughly before cracking eggs. On the surface of the egg shell, there is a high risk of finding pathogens of salmonellosis. They are easily washed off with running water.
5. In the kitchen, use individual cutting boards for raw meat and fish, bread, and vegetables. These boards are placed and stored so that the products do not touch each other.
6. When working in the kitchen, wash your hands and utensils thoroughly when moving from one food to another.
7. Mushrooms subjected to thorough heat treatment.
8. If you are not sure about the quality of drinking water, boil it.
9. Rinse raw vegetables and rinse with boiled water.
10. Boil the first dishes at least once a day.
11. Salads with mayonnaise or sour cream are recommended to be prepared immediately before serving.

Prevention of intestinal diseases in children

Children often get intestinal infections. Licking dirty hands and trying to taste everything put babies at an increased risk of getting sick. If one or two children fall ill in kindergartens, all surrounding children and adults are at risk of catching the infection.

To prevent the development of an intestinal infection, remember the following rules:

1. Teach your child from a young age to wash their hands after going to the toilet and when returning from the street. This should be done with soap or a special cleanser.
2. Keep children's nails short to prevent dirt and germs from accumulating underneath.
3. Prevention of intestinal infections in children is carried out both at home and in preschool and school educational institutions.

Child nutrition and infection prevention

Vegetables and fruits are served to children only after thorough washing. Also scalded with boiling water. Milk bought on tap from the market is boiled before drinking. Cottage cheese by weight, bought from private individuals, should be consumed only in a heat-treated form. Products are stored in sealed containers or packages. After eating, perishable foods are stored in the refrigerator.

It is important to monitor the expiration date of the products and in no case do not feed the child if the date has already passed. Bread is stored in a separate plastic bag.

Keeping the house clean

Sanitary norms and rules must be carefully observed in the house. Dirty dishes get used to immediately thoroughly wash and put away in cabinets. Try to empty trash cans and bins regularly. It is important to prevent the appearance of flies. The house is maintained and kept clean. Tap water is best consumed after boiling. Compliance with the rules of hygiene in the house is a non-specific prevention of intestinal disorders.

General principles for preventing the spread of infections

A number of rules and sanitary and hygienic standards have been developed, the observance of which prevents the development of epidemics of acute intestinal infections. These include the following activities:

1. Improving the sanitary and hygienic culture of people.
2. Neutralization of foci of infection.
3. Elimination of possible ways of infection transmission.
4. Increasing the body's immune defenses and resistance to pathogens.

To improve the sanitary culture of the people of the country, special sanitary bulletins are issued.

Isolation of the sick person

Isolation of a patient with an acute intestinal infection is the first step to prevent the spread of the epidemic. Due to this, the development of new cases of morbidity is prevented.

Finding signs of an acute intestinal disease, immediately consult a doctor. If this is not done in a timely manner, the infection will spread further. The health worker will conduct a thorough examination and, if necessary, suggest hospitalization. It is strongly not recommended to refuse it in the presence of an infectious disease. Enterofuril with rotavirus infection eliminates the pathogen and prevents the development of serious complications.

If a child has a rotavirus infection, doctors often recommend taking enterofuril to prevent the addition of a secondary bacterial infection. In early childhood, a suspension is used, after 7 years the drug is prescribed in capsules.

It is useful to drink with Polysorb rotavirus in order to quickly remove pathogenic particles from the body.

Disinfection measures in the outbreak

To eliminate the focus of the pathogen, final disinfection is carried out. If a sick person stays for treatment on an outpatient basis, a conversation is held with relatives and it is explained how to sanitize housing and avoid infection through contact with the patient. Employees of the sanitary and epidemiological service carefully explain how the pathogen is eliminated in the environment, and after how long the patient is released from isolation in quarantine. A special table is used, which contains information on the methods of dilution of disinfectant solutions and their concentration, as well as the processing time.

Quarantine for rotavirus infection is introduced in kindergarten if the number of diseases among children exceeds the established percentage. Healthy children are examined daily by a health worker. The question of how many days the quarantine lasts is decided depending on the level of infection. The quarantine order for intestinal diseases is issued by the preschool institution in coordination with medical institutions and surveillance authorities.

Diagnosis of acute bacterial infectious diseases is carried out on the basis of bacteriological examination of feces with seeding for sensitivity to antimicrobial therapy.

A person who has suffered an acute intestinal infection has been registered with a doctor for some time in the infectious diseases office of a polyclinic at the place of residence.

Elimination of foci of infection in public places

In order to prevent the outbreak of an epidemic, measures are being taken to sanitize water sources and other significant objects.

Epidemic Prevention in Rural Areas

If we are talking about wells with drinking water located in rural areas, they are located at a remote distance from livestock enterprises and poultry farms, as well as cesspools and latrines. This will protect you from rotavirus infection or escherichiosis, a disease that causes E. coli.

A well log house is arranged above the soil surface by at least 1 meter. The top is tightly covered with a wooden lid. Water is collected from a well with the help of one bucket.

It is extremely dangerous to use cesspool waste as fertilizer for vegetable gardens and individual horticultural plots. As the current sanpins for intestinal acute diseases say, it is allowed to apply manure as fertilizer in the garden or in the garden only in the autumn, at least six months before the start of planting or sowing activities.

After the fertilizer has been applied, the site is plowed or carefully dug to a depth. On a plot fertilized in this way, it is forbidden to grow strawberries and carrots, as well as radishes and onions.

Prevention in crowded places

When you are in crowded places - at train stations or airports, it is recommended to drink boiled or filtered water. In this case, use individual dishes.

Infection prevention in the food industry

It is important to comply with sanitary norms and rules when processing and producing products from milk or meat and fish, as well as when selling them in a distribution network.

In public catering establishments, when preparing salads and meat dishes, compliance with sanitary and hygienic requirements is carefully monitored. The correctness of the initial products and ready meals, as well as the sanitary condition of the premises, are taken into account.

Employees of public catering establishments who are directly related to food products and prepare food for preschool educational institutions or perform other work in educational institutions are required to regularly undergo medical examinations and take tests for bacteriological examination.

Improving the stability of immunity

Intestinal infections and their prevention provide for the body's resistance to the effects of pathogenic viruses and bacteria. Immunity is the body's resistance to infection, which is provided by protective mechanisms. With their help, the body copes with the introduction of pathogenic microflora.

It is possible to increase the body's resistance to the effects of intestinal infection pathogens by organizing the correct work and rest regimen. In addition, preventive vaccinations are a preventive measure. However, remember that they can only be done by healthy people outside the period of the epidemic. With the development of an epidemic of rotavirus infection, it is recommended to take Arbidol as a preventive measure.

People with mental work need to do metered physical activity at the end of the working day - walking or small workouts.

Make sure your diet is varied but balanced. Make sure that the daily menu of a person contains the necessary food components and vitamins in sufficient quantities. In addition to the mandatory content of animal proteins in the diet, eat plant foods.

Preventive measures - air baths and hardening techniques. It is useful to do cool rubdowns daily and take cold showers. It is better to start hardening from scratch in the warm season. Consult with your doctor about contraindications beforehand.

Memo on the prevention of acute intestinal infections

Below is a reminder on how to prevent acute intestinal infections in children and adults.

The requirement for the prevention of acute intestinal infectious diseases is thorough hand washing before eating, as well as after visiting public places. After returning from the street or after using the toilet, wash your hands thoroughly with soap and dry thoroughly with a separate towel. To prevent infection on the street or in public places, use wet wipes for children or special disinfectants.

Compliance with these simple rules will avoid the development of a dangerous intestinal disease. If you still get sick - do not get carried away with self-medication, but consult a doctor. A medical worker without fail makes a report to the center of sanitary and epidemiological supervision about the occurrence of cases of food poisoning or acute infectious diseases. The doctor will prescribe the necessary examination for rotavirus and explain whether you need to go to the hospital or how to treat rotavirus on an outpatient basis.

When a focus of an intestinal infection is detected in a kindergarten or school, an emergency report on acute pathology is sent to the sanitary and epidemiological authorities. For parents in the kindergarten, a health bulletin is issued on the topic of preventing morbidity and other issues related to rotavirus infection in children. An experienced doctor will give useful advice to parents on the biology of pathogens on how to protect yourself from rotavirus infection and a number of other intestinal diseases.

gastrotract.ru

Prevention of intestinal infections in children

In the summer, many children (and adults) often experience intestinal disorders caused by infection. Infection with microbes occurs due to the ingestion of contaminated fruits, vegetables, greens.

How to prevent intestinal upset, and what measures are there to prevent intestinal infections in children? All intestinal infections are divided into two large groups: those caused by viruses and those caused by bacteria. It is widely believed that children most often get intestinal infections in the summer. This is not entirely true. 90% of intestinal infections are diseases associated with viruses. Viral infections are characterized by seasonality. Most often in children, rotavirus infection occurs, the peak of which occurs in winter and spring.

Bacterial infections are dysentery, salmonellosis. Their heyday is summer, the beginning of autumn, and by winter their frequency decreases. Viral infections are transmitted by the fecal-oral route, through contaminated objects, poor-quality food, and water. In a family, this is most often an intrafamilial infection.

An infection that in an adult will cause a single loosening of the stool, in a child will turn into an intestinal infection with fever, frequent loose stools, dehydration, a serious condition that can lead to hospitalization. Unlike adults, who are constantly exposed to viruses in everyday life, children do not have immunity to these viruses.

But now we will talk about "summer" infections - dysentery, salmonellosis. These infections have a fecal-oral route of transmission. The infection enters the body through contaminated objects and hands, poorly washed fruits and berries. Or here is another common picture that can be observed: a mother bought berries in the market and immediately gave her child a meal. Even if she washed them with water in the same market, the risk of infection is very high. It is recommended to thoroughly wash not only fruits, but also berries. Do not be lazy, wash the berries well, not only helminth eggs feel great on them, but also, for example, Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

How should you wash a berry, such as a strawberry? Arrange the berries in a colander in a single layer. Rinse under water for 5 minutes to wash off earthen deposits from the berry. Unfortunately, microbes are not afraid of such a shower, so you need to wash the berries with a contrast bath. In the first container, draw very hot water, but not boiling water, and in the second - almost ice cold. Dip a colander with strawberries in them alternately 2-3 times. You can also wash raspberries, currants.

How to wash fruit

All fruits with a dense skin should be washed only with laundry soap or with special means for washing fruits. In no case with dishwashing detergents - it is not clear how much chemistry you will eat additionally with fruits. All fruits from the store or market are covered with a layer of wax or powder. Many people's favorite snack on the street - a banana - is treated with a powder that protects it from premature spoilage. So think about what extra ingredient you or your child is getting by snacking on a banana on the street. Soft-skinned fruits can be washed according to the principle of contrast washing.

How to Avoid Salmonella Infection

Salmonella infection occurs through poor-quality food products. Most often through salads, cakes, dairy products, i.e. through everything that can become infected in the summer. Products must undergo heat treatment. If you are not sure that they are fresh, then you should not use them.

There is another group of diseases - the so-called traveler's diarrhea, or giardiasis. The topic is especially relevant when parents take their children on foreign tours, where there are a lot of these infections. Parents do not always understand that eating outside the hotel is very dangerous. Traveler's diarrhea in children is accompanied by an acute form of giardiasis or a viral intestinal infection, less often a bacterial infection.

What hygiene rules will help in the prevention of intestinal infections in children?

All these rules are well known: Do not put anything in your mouth. It is clear that a small child explores the world through the mouth. This stage is called the stage of oral study of the world. However, the mother must understand the seriousness of the problem. If everything is available to the child, then he, accordingly, will go through everything.

General hygiene in the family. We often see how mothers first lick the nipple themselves, and then give it to their child. Or they try mashed potatoes, a mixture, and then feed the baby from the same spoon. Or drink water from the same bottle with the child. It is absolutely impossible to do so! Each of us has our own flora in our mouths.

Dishes, a cup, a bottle for drinking, a towel should be each individual.

For children of older age groups, it is mandatory to wash their hands after walking, playing with animals and using the toilet, as well as before eating.

Eating outdoors is unacceptable at any age. There is no reason for a child to eat outside. Rigid dietary stereotypes should be formed in the family. Children should not eat when they want and what they want. You need to eat at home or in a children's institution, but not on the street - this is an absolutely strict rule. If there are no conditions for food, then food should not be provided, no matter how the child asks. Otherwise, it is simply impossible to maintain hygiene.

When communicating with animals, one should not forget about the elementary rules: do not put him at the table, do not kiss, and be sure to wash your hands after playing with him. The animal itself also needs to be disciplined: it should not interfere with a person while eating, for which it must be fed before the family goes to dinner (dinner).

Only good quality products should be used. Do not store products longer than the specified period. Carefully study where, by whom and when the product was produced. You can not cut a rotten apple and give it to a child, because bacteria and viruses penetrate deep into the product. In other words, there should be a real hygienic education. Only then can the problem be solved.

Parents should have a clear understanding that hygiene rules must be followed by all family members.

There should be no double standards. The child sees everything perfectly and will act as his parents do. No edifying and educational processes addressed only to him will be carried out. Washing hands before eating should not only the child, but all family members. Not only the child, but all family members should not eat on the street.

Coming from the street, not only the child, but all family members should wash their hands. Washing hands after using the toilet should not only the child, but all family members.

You need to start with education. Talk to your child about bacteria that may be on their dirty hands. Look on the Internet for what, for example, giardia looks like. Draw it together. Talk to him about how bad it would be if she got into his body. After such a figurative and creative explanation, the child will accurately learn the basics of personal hygiene. Read poems with your child that emphasize hygiene and a healthy lifestyle.

These are the poems of S. Marshak, Y. Tuvim, “Moydodyr” by K. Chukovsky, poems by S. Mikhalkov, known to us since childhood, etc. All our daily life is a contact with a huge number of viruses and bacteria. Nature has laid down that we will definitely encounter diseases. But this is not a reason to panic and wear rubber gloves, pour bleach on everything and treat with quartz. You just need to consciously and respectfully treat your family, the people around you, observe elementary hygiene standards.

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Preventive measures against intestinal infections

Prevention of intestinal infections is of great importance and should always be carried out. These diseases spread very easily, especially in summer. Among them, rotavirus infection is more common, which primarily affects children. Everyone should know how to carry out prevention, but this issue is especially relevant for mothers who have small children.

Prevention of intestinal infection in children

Intestinal infection is caused by pathogenic bacteria, viruses and protozoa. They spread over vast areas, are highly contagious, and their ability to reproduce rapidly can provoke epidemic outbreaks. More than half of the reported cases of AII occur in childhood: the smaller the baby, the higher the likelihood of getting sick.

Rotaviruses

The most common infectious agent is rotaviruses. They are transmitted by contact-household, water, as well as food. These pathogens are present everywhere, they spread very quickly, especially in the summer, often affecting children under 2 years of age.

The main reason for the spread of rotavirus infection is poor hygiene.

You can become infected with it by drinking milk, cottage cheese, kefir, unwashed fruits and vegetables, and other food products. Viruses are everywhere, even in water, so you should always practice measures to prevent intestinal infections.

Enteroviruses

Enteroviruses cause AII, which always begin acutely. Pathogens affect the gastrointestinal tract, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea appear. Intoxication of the body leads to general weakness, an increase in body temperature.

The course of the disease depends on the state of the immune system and the type of pathogen. If treatment is not started in a timely manner, dehydration of the body will begin, which is more dangerous than the disease itself, especially for babies under 2 years old. Dehydration can cause death. Enteroviruses can infect the kidneys, liver, cardiovascular, nervous and other organs and systems.

Everyone is susceptible to infections, regardless of age. Cases of the disease are observed throughout the year, but most of them are recorded from June to October. Enterovirus is very persistent, it is destroyed only by direct sunlight, as well as by boiling.

The source of the causative agent of AII is a person - a virus carrier. In a patient, up to 2 weeks, viruses are excreted from the nasopharynx (even when talking), and from feces even longer, sometimes it lasts for several months. Children under 10 years of age are more likely to suffer, but the bulk of the diseased are the smallest crumbs up to one year.

Enterovirus infection often gives outbreaks in children's groups, but it can even cause epidemics in vast areas, covering several countries. Therefore, the prevention of acute intestinal infections cn includes sanitary and epidemic rules, the purpose of which is to prevent the occurrence of acute intestinal infections, and if a focus is detected, to prevent the infection from spreading.

In the event of an outbreak or epidemic, a message is given to the public. The main goal of all ongoing activities is the early detection of the pathogen, the definition of the focus and the complete prevention of its spread. Mandatory isolation of all patients is carried out. Only such an approach will make it possible to prevent the epidemic.

Epidemiologists have developed a special table of intestinal infections. It indicates the disease, its causative agent, the quarantine period necessary to prevent the spread of AII.

Be sure to record and register each case of the disease, disinfect the focus of the outbreak. Establish the source of the epidemic, the nature of the course of the disease, its intensity.

Prevention measures

First of all, the prevention of acute intestinal infections is personal hygiene and hygiene of the digestive system. Prevention of gastrointestinal infections in this way is the most effective.

In addition, a violation of food processing technology can cause AII. Hygiene rules are also important, which must be observed by cooks and educators in preschool institutions.

Intestinal infections and their prevention suggest the following prevention rules:

• do not use expired products of dubious quality;
• before cooking, be sure to wash food, eggs;
• when preparing food, it is necessary to maintain the required temperature and the duration of its exposure;
• use different cutting boards and knives for raw foods;
• properly store products;
• Regularly deworm and vaccinate pets.

You should always check the expiration date of products. If the quality of food is in doubt, it is better to refuse it. No need to buy dubious dairy, fish, meat products and eggs. These products must be sanitary tested!

Always wash your hands before preparing food. Products should also be washed. Salmonella can be found on the surface of the eggs, so they should always be washed thoroughly. In addition, it is important to thoroughly wash all kitchen utensils, and it is also necessary to protect the premises from the ingress of flies. These insects are carriers of helminth eggs.

Raw foods must undergo heat treatment, everything must be thoroughly fried and boiled. Before giving fruits to children, they are washed, then poured with boiling water.

Pets should undergo a prophylactic course of treatment for worms, as well as timely vaccinations.

Prevention of infection in children

A child is exposed to various diseases more often than adults, so the prevention of intestinal infections in children should take center stage. Elementary observance of the rules of hygiene can protect the baby from these pathogens.

The infection enters the body in three ways:

• food way - when contaminated foods are consumed;
• waterway - drinking contaminated water;
• contact path.

Food for children is prepared on high-quality water. If the child asks to drink, he should be given boiled or bottled water. It is important to teach your baby to wash their hands after using the toilet, outside and before eating. You have to keep your dishes clean. When giving your baby yogurt or cottage cheese, you need to check its expiration date.

It is extremely important to protect the baby from family members with an eating disorder, because the infection is easily transmitted by contact.

A child can be given vegetables and fruits only washed, even those from which the skin is then removed (bananas, citrus fruits). You do not need to allow the baby to eat outside.

It is fundamentally important to carry out wet cleaning in the baby's room, wash his toys as often as possible.

Prevention in kindergarten

Intestinal infections and their prevention in kindergartens is an important problem, especially in summer. Children should be taught to wash their hands, not to take something that fell on the floor into their mouths, that is, to explain to them the elementary rules of hygiene.

Prevention of acute intestinal infections in kindergartens directly depends on cleanliness, as well as on the implementation of sanitary rules:

• place children in isolated groups;
• personnel assigned to each group;
• children are provided with individual care;
• hygiene must be observed by both children and staff;
• each group has its own dishes, toys, pots and cleaning equipment;
• each employee has his own duties and separate dressing gowns;

The premises where the children are located must be clean, therefore, they must do wet cleaning with simultaneous ventilation, and the general one is carried out once a week. For washing dishes, mustard or baking soda is used, as well as boiling water for rinsing it. Separate rags should be allocated for cleaning tables. Toys are washed with a brush with soap 2 times a day, pots after each use, and then disinfected for 30 minutes.

All inventory is marked and stored separately. Solutions for disinfection are prepared by a nurse. She and the manager are responsible for the observance of sanitary rules.

Children can avoid food poisoning only when they are accustomed to cleanliness from an early age. Parents should teach this to their kids, it is important to explain to them that such simple tips will keep them healthy in the future.

Prevention of infectious diseases, as a rule, is simple. At the same time, simple precautions help prevent serious problems, since diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms are much easier to prevent than to treat.

Types of infectious diseases

In medicine, infectious diseases are classified according to the type of pathogen. Based on this, diseases are:

There are many of them. The main measures to prevent infectious diseases are as follows:

1. Vaccination. After the introduction of antigenic material into the body, its resistance to various pathogens increases.
2. Immunization. This is a universal prevention of infectious diseases. It helps to strengthen the immune system and involves taking vitamin complexes, a healthy diet, and observing the basic rules of hygiene.
3. Isolation of patients.
4. Chemoprophylaxis. Such prevention of infectious diseases is carried out in order to stop the reproduction of pathogens and prevent recurrence or complications of the disease.

Specific infection prevention

The essence of the method is the artificial creation of immunity. Specific measures for the prevention of infections involve the reproduction of natural processes that are triggered in the body when a pathogen enters it. They are of three types:

1. Active. This type of prophylaxis consists of administering vaccines with live but attenuated or dead pathogens. Due to this, the immune system begins to produce antibodies. It can take 3-4 weeks for the body to develop resistance.
2. Passive. It is carried out, as a rule, during epidemics, when there is no time to wait for the results of vaccination. Passive prevention of infectious diseases consists in the introduction of ready-made antibodies into the body.
3. Active-passive. A mixture of the two types of preventive measures described above. Both the vaccine and serum with antibodies are injected into the patient's body. The latter do not live very long, but a few weeks are enough to start the formation of immunity.

Non-specific infection prevention

It is a set of actions that affect the spread of pathogens. Non-specific prevention of infectious diseases is as follows:

• regular ventilation of the premises;
• hand washing;
• avoiding crowded places;
• use of personal protective equipment;
• increase in general immunity.

Prevention of complex infectious diseases also includes quarantine - a set of measures aimed at limiting the contact of healthy people with the sick. The scale and timing of it vary depending on the type of disease, its prevalence. The only general rule for all diseases is that quarantine is lifted only after the maximum incubation period of the disease has passed after the recovery of the last recorded patient.

Emergency prevention of infections

Such a preventive measure is a set of medical measures that are carried out in relation to infected people. Emergency prevention of infectious diseases is carried out immediately after the pathogen enters the body in order to prevent its further development. She happens:

• general (non-specific);
• specific.

The latter is carried out after the type of infection that has struck the body is established and its sensitivity to medicines is determined. In parallel with specific drugs, patients are usually prescribed antihistamines and. For non-specific emergency prophylaxis, broad-spectrum drugs are used, such as:

• Rifampicin;
• Tetracycline;
• doxycycline;
• Sulfaton.

Major infectious diseases and their prevention

Depending on the routes of transmission, it is customary to distinguish the following groups of infections:

• transmitted by the fecal-oral route;
• airborne;
• through carriers;
• through contact with infected blood;
• household contact.

The main infectious diseases - their classification and prevention - are controlled at the state level. If necessary, in cases of epidemics, vaccines are provided to the population, and the environment is protected and disinfected. In especially severe cases, patients can be provided not only medical, but also social, labor or psychological assistance.

Prevention of genital infections

Preventive measures are very simple. Prevention of other sexually transmitted diseases is to comply with the following rules:

1. Condoms must be used during intercourse.
2. You should try to avoid promiscuity and be selective in your sexual life.
3. Both partners must comply with the rules of intimate hygiene.

Emergency measures to prevent HIV infection and other sexual ailments should be taken immediately after intercourse without a condom with a random partner or when the contraceptive is deformed. The most effective proven means:

• Betadine;
• Miramistin;
• Chlorhexidine.

Prevention of intestinal infections

Severe consequences of diseases can be prevented if they are detected in time, but it is much easier to prevent illnesses. Acute prophylaxis is as follows:

1. The choice of food must be approached carefully. Do not buy food in suspicious places.
2. Food must be well prepared. Heat treatment cannot be neglected.
3. All food storage regulations must be followed.
4. Hot food should be eaten immediately after preparation. Otherwise, when cooled, microbes begin to actively multiply in them.
5. Before eating, be sure to wash your hands.
6. For cooking, it is important to use only clean water.

Prevention of enterovirus infection

Preventive measures are similar to the prevention of intestinal infections. How to avoid :

1. Drink only purified or boiled water.
2. Swim in places approved by the sanitary and epidemiological station, but even here you should not swallow water.
3. It is desirable that each member of the family and company has its own set of dishes.
4. At home, you need to regularly carry out wet cleaning with the use of a disinfectant.
5. During epidemics, crowded places should be avoided, and if complaints appear, immediately contact a specialist.

Prevention of airborne infections

The most effective prevention of viral infections is vaccination. In addition, you can protect yourself from pathogenic microorganisms by adhering to a healthy lifestyle, properly organizing your day, strengthening your immune system, avoiding contact with sick people and visiting crowded places during epidemics, observing all the basic rules of personal hygiene.

Prevention of nosocomial infections

Medical personnel must strictly comply with all sanitary and hygienic and anti-epidemic requirements. Prevention of parenteral infections includes the use of high-quality antiseptics, mandatory sterilization of instruments. All manipulations with patients should be carried out with gloves and masks. How else can you avoid infectious diseases? Every hospital employee must be vaccinated against diseases such as diphtheria, hepatitis B, influenza and others.

Prevention of intestinal infections.

What are intestinal infections?

Acute intestinal infections (AII) are a large group of human infectious diseases caused by pathogenic and opportunistic bacteria, viruses and protozoa. The main intestinal infections include: dysentery, salmonellosis (read below), cholera, enterovirus and rotavirus infection, food poisoning caused by staphylococcus, etc. In terms of the frequency of distribution among all human diseases, they are second only to SARS. More than 60% of all cases of intestinal infections occur in childhood.

What are the causes of intestinal infections?

The source of the causative agent of acute intestinal infection can be a sick person or a bacteriocarrier, as well as animals, insects (flies). The causative agents of intestinal infections can be on dirty hands, unwashed vegetables and fruits, in unboiled water. Dairy products, boiled meat products, pâtés, etc. are favorable environments for the reproduction of microbes.

How does the disease manifest itself?

Intestinal pathogens cause:

1. Damage to the gastrointestinal tract (abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting).

2. Intoxication (fever, headache, weakness).

The clinical picture depends on the type of pathogen, the number of pathogenic agents that have entered, and the state of the human immune system. In severe cases, dehydration develops (dry skin and mucous membranes, thirst).

What are the main preventive measures?

1. Thoroughly wash vegetables and fruits eaten raw (preferably with a brush and soap, followed by rinsing with boiling water).

2. Wash your hands with soap before preparing food and after each break in the cooking process (and always after cutting raw fish, meat or poultry), as well as before eating, after walking, playing with animals.

3. Subject foods to heat treatment. Raw poultry, meat and milk are often contaminated with pathogens. During the cooking (frying) pathogens are destroyed. Note! Frozen meat, fish and poultry must be thoroughly thawed before cooking.

4. Avoid contact between raw and cooked foods (including not using the same cutting board and knife for cutting raw and cooked meat, fish and vegetables).

5. Store all perishable foods and prepared foods in the refrigerator - the cold slows down the reproduction of microbes that have got into the food.

6. Keep the kitchen clean.

7. Protect food from flies.

Following these simple tips

Helps prevent acute intestinal infections

and protect your health and the health of your loved ones!

Prevention of salmonellosis

Acute infectious disease salmonellosis is extremely diverse. Most of the time, it is violent. Approximately a day after microbes enter the body, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea appear. The temperature rises to 37.5-38 degrees, and sometimes up to 39-40 degrees. The infection causes severe intoxication. The cardiovascular system, liver and other organs are affected, convulsions appear, the heartbeat quickens, blood pressure drops.
Salmonellosis, especially at first, is sometimes similar to catarrh of the upper respiratory tract, sometimes there is only an increase in temperature and general lethargy.
In young children, this disease is so severe that sometimes the doctor is faced with the question of saving the child's life.

How can you protect yourself from salmonellosis? Salmonella get to a person in three ways: with food, with water, and also by contact with a sick person or animal.
Salmonella also gets into ready meals. This can happen if they are stored together with raw foods, or if the same kitchen utensils are used to process cooked and raw foods - cutting boards, knives.
It is necessary to make it a rule not to eat meat that has not passed veterinary control. Meat and poultry should be well boiled or fried. If the meat is cooked in a large piece, then it must be cooked for at least two hours. We recommend drinking unpasteurized milk only boiled. Duck eggs should not be eaten raw and should be cooked for at least 15 minutes. Fresh chicken eggs can also be eaten raw, but first they must be washed. Make sure that raw meat and poultry are not stored in the refrigerator in close proximity with ready meals.
You can also become infected with salmonellosis while swimming in a pond or lake, swallowing water contaminated with the secretions of sick birds and animals. But if it so happened that a child or one of the adult members of the family fell ill, do not try to make a diagnosis yourself, and even more so to treat, call a doctor immediately. Salmonellosis is far from a harmless disease, even in cases where it is mild. The fact is that salmonella can remain viable in the body of an undertreated patient for a long time. Reproducing in the gallbladder, they cause cholecystitis, cholangitis. In addition, salmonella live in the intestines for a long time, and the “keeper” of microbes easily becomes their carrier. That is why it is impossible to fight such an insidious disease as salmonellosis on our own.

If symptoms of an acute intestinal infection occur

you need to seek medical attention immediately!

BE HEALTHY!