Why does a child bleed from the nose: causes and treatment of nosebleeds at home. Why a child can bleed from the nose Nosebleeds in a child of 3 years

Nosebleeds are a pathological condition that often occurs in young children. Most often, the pathological process is not accompanied by additional symptoms and therefore it is difficult to determine the causes of its occurrence. That is why with frequent bleeding, a doctor's consultation is necessary.

If child's nose bleeds, causes can be quite varied. Most often, pathology is diagnosed with:

Organ injury. In children, bleeding for this reason is most often observed. Children love to play with various light objects that accidentally cause injury. Most often, nosebleeds in a 3-year-old child are observed precisely for this reason. Such an injury can be in children if they often pick their nose.
ENT diseases. The pathological process is accompanied by frequent colds. At 1 year, bleeding can be observed with colds, which is explained by incompletely formed immunity. If children often get discharge from the nose, then this causes damage to the inflamed vessels and bleeding.
The use of nasal medicines. The appearance of blood from the nose in a child 2 years of age and older is observed during the use of vasoconstrictor drugs. They are recommended to be used to relieve the symptoms of a cold. If they are used for a long period, then sometimes this leads to pathology, especially in infants.
Nasal tamponade. It is a serious cause of nosebleeds in children 6 years of age. If the baby often has nosebleeds, then tampons are installed, which can injure the mucous membrane, which will aggravate the situation.
The impact of external factors. If the baby is 4 years old, dry air constantly acts on the nasal cavity, then drying of the mucous membranes is observed. This means that it is easy to injure her.

Other causes can lead to nosebleeds at age 10. At risk are children of five years who suffer from hepatitis. Also, this symptom is observed in anemia and leukemia.

Bleeding can be diagnosed when exposed to a variety of provoking factors. That is why parents need to be attentive to their child.

How to distinguish dangerous bleeding from the nose?

The most dangerous are the conditions when blood runs from the nose at night. Pathology occurs when exposed to the most unexpected factors. When a child's nose bleeds, the reason may be an allergic reaction, intracranial pressure. Also, blood can run with the uncontrolled use of drops with a vasoconstrictor effect.

If bleeding is repeatedly observed in the morning, then this indicates the presence of polyps. Also, this condition is observed in chronic physical or emotional overwork of the baby. The danger is also evidenced by the fact that blood is excreted along with mucus. This indicates the course of complications of ENT organs.

Possible Complications

If the child often bleeds from the nose, then this can lead to the development of complications. With heavy blood loss, the baby often loses consciousness. With epistaxis, children are often diagnosed with nausea and vomiting. This is due to the flow of blood along the back of the pharynx into the digestive system. Improper provision of first aid leads to blood entering the nasolacrimal canal. That is why it flows out through the eye sockets.

Bleeding can lead to serious complications, which requires the timely provision of first aid to the baby.

Features of treatment

If a child is bleeding from the nose, then only the doctor will determine what to do. With a single bleeding, no specific treatment is needed. In rare cases, cauterization of blood vessels in the nose is performed. With systematic bleeding, the appointment of therapy is recommended. In this case, the cause is determined, as well as individual characteristics in children.

First aid

If child is bleeding from the nose, then he needs to urgently provide first aid. To stop bleeding, you must perform certain actions:

The child needs to be seated on a chair and tilt his head forward.
It is recommended to close the nostril or both nostrils with your hands, and apply a compress on the bridge of the nose.
After 5 minutes, gauze tampons are inserted into the nostrils, which are pre-soaked in a solution with a vasoconstrictor effect - Vibrocil, Naphthyzinum.
After 5 minutes have passed, it is necessary to remove the tampons and treat the mucous membranes. In this case, Vaseline or Neomycin ointment is used. With their help, acceleration of the healing of mucous membranes is ensured.

First aid for nosebleeds should be carried out without fail, which will eliminate the possibility of complications.

How to stop bleeding in the chest?

Babies can also bleed from the nose. In this case, the algorithm of actions during the provision of first aid is changed. The baby must be freed from squeezing clothing, which will provide oxygen access. Next, you need to pick him up in a standing position. It is necessary to press a little on the bridge of the nose and hold your fingers for 10 minutes. It is not necessary to overdo it in this case, as this can lead to damage to it.

During the period of first aid, you need to make sure that the baby breathes through the mouth. You can also attach a towel to the bridge of the nose, which is pre-wetted in cold water. The blood that flows out is removed with a sterile napkin.

What can't be done?

When a child's nose begins to bleed, parents in a panic try to help him and make mistakes. It is strictly forbidden to put the child on the bed and, moreover, to raise the legs, as this will lead to increased blood loss. It is also forbidden to tilt your head back, as this will lead to an increase in the outflow of blood and an increase in secretions. It can also lead to spasm and vomiting.

After providing first aid, it is forbidden to give the child food or drink, especially in the form of heat, as this will expand the vessels and lead to re-bleeding. The child is contraindicated in physical activity after bleeding, as this can lead to a relapse.

Drugs for the treatment of nosebleeds

If blood flows from the nose constantly, then this requires the use of certain medicines. In order to reduce the fragility and permeability of capillaries, the use of:

Ascorbic acid;
Askorutina;
Routine.

In order to speed up the stop of bleeding, Dicyon or Vikasol is used. Also, the patient is recommended intravenous administration of aminocaproic acid, calcium chloride. If the pathology occurs against the background of injuries, it is recommended to take Kontrykal or Trasilol.

How to stop folk remedies?

Often, to eliminate bleeding, the use of traditional medicine is carried out, which are characterized not only by availability, but also by safety. To improve blood clotting, it is recommended to take teas that are prepared on the basis of chamomile, plantain.

If bleeding occurs constantly, then he needs to eat a piece of aloe leaf in the morning. If there is a need to quickly stop bleeding, it is necessary to moisten a gauze swab in the juice of plants such as plantain or nettle and insert it into the nostrils for 5 minutes.

When do you need specialist help?

Most parents ask themselves the question: when is it necessary to contact a specialist? After the child stops bleeding from the nose, you need to seek help from a doctor. The specialist will determine the cause of the pathology, as well as prescribe an effective treatment. if necessary, the ENT doctor will send the baby for further examination.

Prevention

In order to avoid the appearance of nosebleeds in children, it is necessary to carry out its prevention in a timely manner. In this case, it is necessary not only to monitor the health of the baby, but also to adhere to certain rules:

The baby's room should be regularly ventilated. During the heating season, it is necessary to regularly ventilate the premises.
In order to strengthen the immune system of the baby, he needs to take vitamin and mineral complexes in autumn and spring.
It is necessary to ensure the correct diet for the child. he is recommended to consume citrus fruits, vegetables, fish, dairy products.

Bleeding in children can occur for a variety of reasons. When it appears, parents should provide the baby with first aid and consult a doctor. Only a specialist after carrying out appropriate diagnostic measures can determine the cause of the pathology and develop a treatment regimen aimed at eliminating it.

Epistaxis (nosebleeds in young children) is quite common. Children are very mobile and inquisitive, so they have a much greater risk of minor injuries than adults. But frequent bleeding is also one of the signals of serious illnesses that require a visit to the doctor and timely therapy.

Causes

If a child often bleeds from the nose, the reasons usually lie in the anatomical features. The mucous membranes of the sinuses are very thin, under them there are many small blood vessels, they are easy to injure.

According to Dr. Evgeny Komarovsky, if a child has a nosebleed, most often these are the consequences of dry air in the room. Due to the dryness of the air, the mucus in the child's nose dries up, resulting in the formation of crusts. And when the baby picks them off, bleeding occurs.

It may not occur in most children, but if your child has problems with blood clotting and frequent nosebleeds, dry air is contraindicated, you should definitely get a humidifier.

In this situation, the nose bleeds for a reason that is not caused by injury. Too dry air becomes a provoking factor in the occurrence of those bleeding, which begins abruptly, for no apparent reason.

Mucus begins to be produced more intensively in the sinuses of a child due to a viral infection, the action of an allergen, and also bacteria. And mucus can dry out not only because of the dryness of the air in the room. The reason may be the use of certain drugs (anti-inflammatory, vasoconstrictor, antihistamines, etc.), a prolonged rise in body temperature and other reasons.

Blood from the nose sometimes begins not only if the child picks it, but also when it sneezes, walks, sleeps. In all situations where there is an increase in pressure on the nasal septum.

Bleeding from the nose in children can be the result of a much more serious pathology. According to doctors, this can be a symptom of a violation of blood clotting, liver function, and other serious diseases. If the child has some kind of serious pathology, he will also have other symptoms. For example, skin rashes, bruising, migraines, dizziness.

Other provoking factors

Hormonal disbalance.
Problems with blood clotting. This happens with a hereditary disease - hemophilia. Even a minor external influence, for example, if a child picks his nose until it bleeds, can cause severe bleeding that is difficult to stop. Blood clotting problems aren't just for nosebleeds. This disease is characterized by prolonged bruising, rash, changes in the clinical analysis of urine and blood.
Chemical burn - happens if a child inhales chlorine or ammonia fumes contained in household products.
The presence of a foreign body. Toddlers during the game are able to shove a small part of the toy into the sinuses. A foreign object leads to injury to the sensitive mucosa, and attempts to eliminate it on your own only worsen the condition, provoking a rupture of the vessel. Such injuries usually cause nosebleeds in a child who is one or two years old.
Strong blood from the nose is a clinical manifestation of vegetative-vascular dystonia, which, in addition, is accompanied by capriciousness of the crumbs, tremor of the limbs.
In hot weather, it can occur due to sunstroke.
Blood clots that are released along with snot occur with bacterial and infectious rhinitis.

Blood from the nose at a temperature can occur for the following reasons:

measles;
whooping cough;
chicken pox;
scarlet fever;
rubella;
meningitis;
tuberculosis;
infectious viral diseases.

In a preschooler, this often occurs, regardless of the time of day (often the nose bleeds in the morning). Blood vessels and tissues are not yet strong enough, the nasal passages are narrowed. Any careless movement can damage them.

Nosebleeds at 2-3 years old also happen quite often. May appear due to overheating or overwork. Since children at this age are very mobile, but still unsteady on their feet, there is a risk of frequent injuries. Therefore, there are often situations when the child fell and the nose bleeds.

If the child often bleeds from the nose

When a child often bleeds from the nose, you need to see a doctor as soon as possible. Perhaps this is just an anatomical feature of your child's nasal mucosa. But this must be confirmed by the doctor, since there are also serious diseases in which nosebleeds often occur.

An otolaryngologist can prescribe a procedure for a baby such as cauterization of injured vessels with silver nitrate. It is aimed at preventing re-bleeding. If necessary, the procedure is done again to achieve a complete absence of bleeding.

Often, children are prescribed multivitamin complexes to strengthen the walls of blood vessels. They contain vitamin C, calcium, ascorutin, in addition to the walls of blood vessels, the child's immunity is strengthened. The dosage of the drug and the duration of administration is determined by the attending physician for each patient separately, depending on the baby's well-being and age, the course of treatment with the drug lasts from 15 to 30 days.

There is also such a method as laser therapy. Damaged vessels are cauterized with a laser, the child does not feel pain.

The cryotherapy method involves freezing damaged blood vessels with liquid nitrogen without pain.

There is also a painless electrocoagulation procedure.

When a child often bleeds from the nose, parents should not be inactive, letting the situation take its course. Consult a doctor, find out the cause and try to eliminate it.

Nosebleed in a child's sleep

If the baby started bleeding from the nose at night, then there are many options for what reason this happened. Since often the blood from the nose comes with direct physical impact or with weak blood vessels. This often occurs with upper respiratory tract infections. So, usually blood from the nose flows with a runny nose - dried crusts, constant swelling of the sinuses have a negative effect on the mucous membrane and blood vessels.
An allergic disease that manifests itself in the form of swelling of the nasal mucosa and a rash on them. It is also a provoking factor that the crumbs bleed from the nose at night or during the day. And the abuse of vasoconstrictor drugs often leads to overdrying of the mucosa, exacerbating the problem.
Also provoking factors, due to which blood flows from the nose, are uncontrolled physical activity. Long and intense exercise, running or power loads cause nosebleeds.

If the child fell and his nose bled, or it happened for another reason, parents should promptly provide him with first aid. You should reassure the baby, because the tension, if he cries, will only aggravate the situation. Then you can carry out manipulations to stop the bleeding.

You need to do the following:

Throwing your head back up with nosebleeds is dangerous, it can only aggravate the situation and cause complications. Blood can enter the stomach through the esophagus, causing nausea and vomiting. And when lying down, a cough may appear, which can only increase the amount of blood from the nose.

It is impossible for the exposure to cold to be long, otherwise a runny nose or an inflammatory process in the nasal sinuses will begin. Such measures are effective for minor bleeding. After stopping the blood, you should not allow active movements of the crumbs, blowing your nose, as this can lead to a relapse.

If it didn’t work out that way to stop the nosebleed, you can soak tampons in peroxide and put them in your nostrils, then press the wings of your nose. When such actions do not bring results, an urgent need to visit a doctor.

At least once in a lifetime, "unexplained" nosebleeds happen to everyone. It often happens that even in children “for no reason at all” nosebleeds begin to flow. Nevertheless, there are very specific reasons for this phenomenon. And if you notice a “tendency” for nosebleeds in your baby, you should immediately organize a trip to the pediatrician. Why and why - tell us!

From time to time, not only adults, but also children experience nosebleeds for no apparent reason - the baby did not fight or hit, and yet the child bleeds from the nose ... At first glance - nothing serious. But it is important for parents to know that in some cases the cause of this phenomenon may be the development of a serious and dangerous disease.

Nosebleeds can vary.

Bleeding from the nose in a child can be of two types:

bleeding from the anterior parts of the nasopharynx (in this case, the vessel is damaged, which is located directly on the nasal septum);
bleeding from the back of the nose (often occurs with trauma, with high blood pressure, or against the background of the development of certain serious diseases).

In the winter season, nosebleeds in children occur many times more often than in the warm season.

As a rule, children are more likely to experience nosebleeds from the front of the nose. A distinctive feature of this type is that blood comes from only one nostril. And with this option, the blood in most cases quickly stops.

When the damage to the vessel is located in the back of the nose, the blood usually comes from both nostrils, the bleeding is very intense and difficult to stop.

But whatever the bleeding, in any case, it is necessary to try to stop it as soon as possible. Fortunately, manipulation for this does not require any special efforts and tricks on the part of parents.

How to stop a nosebleed: first aid for a child

1 Seat the child - the back is straight, the body is slightly tilted forward, the head is slightly lowered.
2 Gently squeeze the wings of the baby's nose with your fingers (in other words, squeeze the nose);
3 Hold this position for at least 10 minutes (and put all your parental will to ensure that you do not look into the child’s nose every 30 seconds, checking whether it is still flowing, or has already stopped). It is very important to pinch your nose and hold this position for at least 10 minutes.
4 While holding your nose pinched for 10 minutes, it is helpful to apply ice cubes or something cold to the bridge of your nose. In addition, something cold (ice cream, a glass of ice water through a straw, etc.) is useful to give the child to eat or drink. Cold in the mouth effectively stops nosebleeds.

Unfortunately, practice shows that most moms and dads, faced with such a problem as a sudden nosebleed from their child, get lost and make a number of mistakes.

Mistakes that adults make when providing emergency care to children with nosebleeds:

1 You should not tilt the child's head back - because in this case, the blood will not flow out of the nose, but flow along the back wall of the nasopharynx. In such a situation, you will not be able to determine whether the bleeding has stopped or not, how intense it is, and besides, you cannot be sure that the baby will not choke (if there is a lot of blood);
2 You should not stuff cotton wool, tampons and other "plugs" into the child's nose. Instead of flowing out freely, the blood will saturate the cotton wool and thicken, gradually drying to the nasal mucosa. As soon as you pull out the bloody tampons, the bleeding may start again.
3 Do not put the child in a supine position - if the bleeding is strong, it will end in hematemesis, which, when lying down, almost always leads to choking. It is best to seat the child straight, slightly tilting his body forward.
4 With nosebleeds, do not provoke the child to talk or move - both will increase bleeding.

When should you call a doctor for nosebleeds?

Despite the fact that nosebleeds are usually not too serious and easily corrected incident, there are situations when it is vital to take the child to the doctor. These situations include the following:

If after ten minutes the bleeding has not stopped, we repeat the whole procedure from the beginning (for another 10 minutes). If in this case (after a total of 20 minutes from the start of first aid) the nose is still bleeding, this is an absolute reason to urgently call the doctors.
If the nosebleed in a child is intense and occurs simultaneously from two nostrils.
If the nosebleed is accompanied by some other bleeding (bleeding from the ear, or from the genitals, etc.).
Be sure to show the child to the doctor if nosebleeds have become regular (every day, every 2-3 days, once a week, etc.).

The need for medical advice under such circumstances is completely justified, therefore, in rare cases, nosebleeds can be not just the result of a broken vessel in the nose, but a symptom of a dangerous disease.

Causes of sudden nosebleeds

Finally, it's time to find out why adults and children in general have such a phenomenon as nosebleeds. In 90% of cases, nosebleeds happen because the vessels in the front of the nose burst. This is facilitated by:

Drying of areas of the nasal mucosa;
Dust, tobacco smoke, animal hair - all this causes increased formation of mucus in the nose and fragility of blood vessels on the nasal septum;
Very dry and hot air in the room where the child lives;
Excessive physical stress;
Strong stress.

But the reasons can also be many times more serious and dangerous. For example:

Injury to internal organs;
Blood clotting disorders;
Circulatory disorders;
Liver disease;
High blood pressure;
Diseases of the cardiovascular system;

If you contact a pediatrician on one of the grounds that were mentioned above as reasons for attracting professional medical care for nosebleeds in a child, then the doctor will definitely prescribe tests and studies that will help to exclude (or sometimes, alas, confirm) the child has one of these diseases.

The appearance of blood from the nose of a child can be caused by many reasons, sometimes it scares parents very much.

Consider the causes of nosebleeds, first aid techniques, methods of treatment, and how to distinguish pathological causes from benign conditions.

Causes caused by mechanical action

Nosebleeds in children (epistaxis) have a variety of causes, but the most common are trauma and everyday occurrences (eg, nose picking).

Bruises, blows and injuries

The child is very mobile, so the occurrence of bruises and other minor injuries is not uncommon.

It can also get to the nose, as a result of which the capillaries inside break and bleeding occurs.

A child can damage the vessels of the nose due to falling, hitting the floor, or other children on the playground, etc. In such cases, bleeding occurs suddenly, as a response to environmental influences. In order for blood to flow, a small injury is enough.

However, injuries can also be serious. Then the bleeding is only a symptom - for example, if the child fell out of bed and hit his head hard. In this case, he also complains of dizziness, squeezing in the temples.

Children older than two and three years of age are quite capable of breaking each other's noses on the playground or in kindergarten. It happens that the baby bumped into another by accident, but at the same time received a serious bruise or even a fracture (the bridge of the nose usually suffers).

Bleeding from the nose in such cases is usually severe and the child needs first aid to stop the blood loss. With a fracture or severe bruising, the nose may swell and bruises form at the site of impact.

If blood has flowed from the nose of an infant or baby, do not exclude external physical damage either. Perhaps he hit himself in his sleep.

And also, often the child pulls various objects of his environment into his nose - toys, spoons, etc.

More susceptible to this, of course, are small children, six months and one-year-olds. Foreign bodies can get stuck in the nostril, causing permanent damage to the mucosa and causing blood to flow.

When the foreign object is removed (you may need emergency care if it has blocked breathing), the bleeding will stop.

In the future, there may be consequences in the form of frequent rhinitis or even purulent discharge - especially if the object has been in the wrong place for a long time.

In the course of a strong blowing of the nose or rinsing, local small bleeding may also occur.

The child cut his nose

An ordinary small child pulls his hands to his nose several times a day. At a certain age, there is nothing more interesting at all than picking something in the nostril and getting a disturbing booger.

Because of this, the mucous membranes and blood vessels are often irritated, which can cause constant snot and runny nose.

Sometimes blood comes if the baby picks off the dried crust that formed at the site of the previous rupture of the capillaries - this causes sudden bleeding, the blood runs quickly and does not stop for a long time.

Recent surgery

Any medical intervention can damage the vessels in the nose. Medical procedures and surgeries sometimes cause instantaneous bleeding that resolves when the procedure is stopped.

This usually occurs during sinus puncture, endoscopy, removal of polyps or adenoids, and other invasive actions that injure the nasal mucosa. To stop this, it is enough to complete the procedure itself and allow the mucosa to recover.

However, some surgical interventions can have long-term consequences - after them, blood flows periodically, since the condition of the vessels has worsened and it takes more time to restore them.

Causes caused by pathologies

The next large group of reasons due to which nosebleeds often occur in a child are pathologies.

Various chronic or acute conditions of the body affect the circulatory system, impairing its functioning. This can cause persistent bleeding.

Colds: rhinitis, SARS and others

Immunity that has not been fully formed cannot protect a child from seasonal ailments. SARS, influenza and other diseases of the nasopharynx are accompanied by the release of a large amount of fluid through the nose.

This usually results in fever and cough. And the nose is constantly stuffy, which leads to severe damage to the mucous membrane, as well as constant attempts to blow your nose and get rid of interfering secretions.

It may happen that when you blow your nose, along with the mucus, a blood clot comes out of the baby's nose - this indicates a single rupture of the capillaries, and further bleeding, as a rule, does not occur. Usually, blood clots form if the children's mucous membranes are regularly damaged during, for example, cleaning the nasal cavity from snot. Or from being overwhelmed.

Parents also often get nose drops for children with colds - vasoconstrictors, for example, alleviate the course of the disease itself well, but with long-term use, they injure the thinned mucosa. From time to time, small bleeding may occur due to this.

Blood clotting problems

Depending on the time of day

To make a correct diagnosis, the doctor analyzes exactly when the baby's nose bleeds.

Most often this happens in the morning or at night, depending on the factors that caused this condition.

At night

At night, a child's nose may bleed due to:

Reception of vasoconstrictors (for example, Otrivin) during SARS and colds.
Drying of the mucous membrane - during the heating season, in dry rooms, due to illness or medication.
Physical injuries in the head and nose.
Allergies with different (home) pathogens.

Nocturnal bleeding from the nose is considered the most dangerous.

In the morning

In the morning, immediately after the child woke up, his nose may bleed due to:

Polyps in the nose.
Dry air in the room - dry mucous membranes are more susceptible to injury.
The fact that a child or teenager spent too active or a long evening - the regime was violated, there was no proper rest.
The fact that the child was nervous.
Long-term load on the vessels in an unusual lying position - on the side or stomach (typical for a month of age or the first years of life).

Why do nosebleeds often occur?

Frequent nosebleeds appear due to pathologies or chronic conditions of the child's body. It can be one of the "first calls" for diagnosing anemia or other diseases of the circulatory system.

In older childhood, it is also a sign of serious psychophysical stress and overstrain.

The greatest danger is regular bleeding when the blood is thick or scarlet - they may indicate the presence of oncology in the nasal cavity or sinuses.

How to distinguish serious pathologies in time?

Serious diseases necessarily have additional symptoms - blood from the nose is only one of the first signs of the presence of pathology.

Do not hesitate to check with a doctor if your child has:

Frequent bleeding and he complains or shows constant discomfort.
The bleeding came not from one nostril, but from two at once.
There is blood in another place - from the ear, anus, etc.
There is blood every day.

Moms should not panic if blood appears from the nose during seasonal illnesses - with ARVI or colds, a small discharge of blood only indicates the severity of damage to the mucous membrane due to the disease. This will pass when the underlying disease is cured.

First aid and ways to stop bleeding

The primary algorithm of actions of parents is as follows:

Place the child so that his head is tilted forward or looking straight ahead. It is permissible to slightly tilt the child's body forward.
Squeeze the child's nostrils with your fingers for 5-10 minutes. The child breathes through the mouth.

You can apply cold, but while the parent "organizes" it, you need the child to hold his nose with his hand. Ice should be applied to the bridge of the nose. It is permissible to give chilled drinks - lowering the temperature in the mouth will accelerate the cessation of bleeding.

If the blood does not stop after 15-30 minutes (2 periods of 15 minutes), you need to call an ambulance.

What should not be done under any circumstances?

First aid often only harms, therefore, if nosebleeds are detected in a child, the following should not be done:

Tilt the baby's head back - blood will flow into the throat and it will become impossible to determine whether the bleeding has stopped. It can also trigger a gag reflex in a child.
"Plug" the nostrils with tampons - with further extraction of the cotton wool, the caked crust will come off, and everything will start anew.
Lay down the child.
Periodically release the child's nostrils before the required amount of time has elapsed.
Send the child to blow his nose.
Let the child talk or cough.
Allow the child to swallow blood.
Allow the child to move - especially, actively.
Keep the cold on the bridge of your nose for too long.
Move the child quickly.
Let your child pick their nose.
After stopping the bleeding, give him food or drink hot.

Treatment Methods

If the nosebleed was a single occurrence, treatment is usually not required. Compliance with preventive measures should exclude recurrence.

However, with recurring nosebleeds, drugs are prescribed to stop them or prevent them from occurring.

Drugs and medicines

If the child's capillaries have weakened and become brittle, tablets are used:

Askorutin.
Vitamin C.
Rutin capsules.

According to doctors, they are most effective for prevention or if the child suffers from chronic vascular pathologies.

Stop bleeding:

hemostatic sponge.
Intravenous injections of calcium chloride.
Vikasol.
Dicynon (used after surgery).

The dosage and method of use of these drugs should be determined by the doctor.

Folk ways

Folk recipes that help with nosebleeds:

Teas that increase blood viscosity and clotting - chamomile or sea buckthorn. They can be drunk, or treated with a tampon soaked in them.
You can squeeze a few drops of lemon or yarrow juice into your nose, after rubbing it in your fingers.
You can put a lotion with the juice of plantain (or nettle) inside the nostrils - the plant is crushed, and liquid is squeezed out of it.

You can smear the mucosa with plant-based creams, or handmade from chamomile or nettle - this will help moisturize it if the child is in a dry room.

When cleaning the nose from mucus and secretions (with SARS, for example), it is better to treat it with light solutions of chamomile and sea buckthorn, and avoid chemical solutions that can damage the mucous membrane.

Methods for differential diagnosis of causes

Primary diagnosis of causes is carried out using:

External examination, study of influencing factors and patient history.
Internal examination of the nose, nasopharynx and pharynx.
General blood test.

To identify pathologies, examinations by narrow specialists may be necessary.

If a specific disease is suspected, the following methods are used:

X-ray of the nose, MRI, ENT examination - this is how polyps and diseases of the nasopharynx are detected.
Examination by an allergist, tests for allergens, a detailed blood test for immunoglobulins - this is how an allergic reaction is detected.
An appointment with a hematologist, blood clotting tests in case of suspected disorders in this area.
Examination by an endocrinologist, followed by testing for hormones, if general hormonal disorders are possible.
Examination by an oncologist, conducting blood biochemistry or brain puncture in case of suspicion of leukemia and other oncological diseases.
Blood donation for a lack of vitamins, if beriberi is suspected.
Checking blood pressure (daily) and checking the kidneys (urine and blood tests, ultrasound) to detect hypertension.

What are the possible complications?

Minor bleeding is usually not dangerous.

However, if they are regular and abundant, they lead to the development of anemia, which is very dangerous. Therefore, if the nose bleeds regularly in a child, you need to urgently seek help from your doctor.

Nosebleeds are very common in children and adolescents. It is noticed that this trouble overtakes them five times more often than adults. Therefore, the question of why a small child often bleeds from the nose, and many parents are concerned about the search for answers to it.

In most cases, frequent nosebleeds in young children are associated with structural features and physiological characteristics of the mucous membrane.

Common Causes of Frequent Nosebleeds in Children

The most common causes of nosebleeds in children are:

diseases of bacterial and / or viral origin, in which loosening of the mucosa occurs and the vessels are close to its surface;
nose injuries - this can be a banal habit of picking your nose or an injury during a game or fall;
frequent use of vasoconstrictor drops leads to a strong thinning of the mucous membrane, the vessels become very thin and burst easily;
hot and very dry air in the room also leads to thinning and drying of the mucous membrane, it becomes easily vulnerable;
thermal and sunstroke, increased blood pressure.

Additional causes of frequent nosebleeds in children

In addition, the cause of frequent and heavy nosebleeds in children can be acquired diseases (thrombocytopenia, vasculitis, thrombocytopathy and lupus) or hereditary diseases (hemophilia). These diseases cause a change in the properties of blood, namely, they affect its clotting and are an additional cause of nosebleeds.

Often, blood from the nose of a child flows due to the peculiarities of the anatomical structure of the respiratory system. For example, the curvature of the nasal septum (congenital or acquired) is one of the provoking factors for bleeding.

Strong stress also often causes a nosebleed in a child. It leads to a sharp increase in pressure in thin and delicate children's vessels, they burst, blood appears.

The child often bleeds from the nose: emergency care

If a small child often has nosebleeds, parents should definitely take him to the doctor to determine the causes of frequent nosebleeds in the child and consult with a specialist on how to properly eliminate it.

The first step in providing emergency care for frequent nosebleeds in a child whose causes have not yet been clarified is to make sure that there are no foreign objects in the nasal cavity, the presence of which could provoke this condition. If any are found, it is by no means worth extracting them yourself. You need to seek help from a medical facility or call an ambulance.

If the cause of bleeding from the nose was something other than a foreign object, the child needs to be reassured, explained that from his crying and screaming, the flow of blood can only intensify. The child needs to be put in a comfortable position, the nose can be covered with a handkerchief or towel so as not to stain everything around with blood. It is recommended to apply a cool compress to the bridge of the nose and wings of the nose.

To stop bleeding in the nose, you can drip vasoconstrictor drops or put gauze swabs soaked in vasoconstrictor drops or hydrogen peroxide solution into the nostrils. In addition, you should ensure the flow of fresh air into the room.

From blowing your nose and intensive washing of the nasal cavity, as well as from tilting your head back, you should refrain. On average, nosebleeds stop within 5-7 minutes, but if this does not happen after 15 minutes or more, you need to call an ambulance.

If the child's nose bleeds frequently and profusely, this alarming symptom should not be ignored. Frequent blood loss depletes the body and eventually leads to anemia, as a result, immunity decreases, colds become frequent "guests". The child must be shown to an ENT doctor who will help to find out the cause of this phenomenon and, if necessary, prescribe an additional examination.

The child often bleeds from the nose: prevention

Did everything work out using home remedies? This is good, but now is the time to think about preventive measures. And the first thing to do is to analyze and change the lifestyle of a child who often runs nosebleeds. Perhaps he spends little time in the fresh air, constantly does not get enough sleep, trains too much, or is loaded with educational tasks and “circles”.