Hypertonicity of the myometrium on the back wall treatment. Treatment of myometrial hypertonicity during pregnancy

Myometrial hypertonicity is a pathological condition characterized by increased contractile activity of the muscle fibers of the uterus. The development of such a disorder during pregnancy is fraught with miscarriages, premature births and other dangerous consequences.

Causes of increased uterine tone in pregnant women

Hypertonicity of the uterus (myometrium) is general or localized in a specific area.

Treatment of severe hypertonicity of the myometrium is carried out in a hospital

The main hormone responsible for the normal course of pregnancy is progesterone. It performs the following functions in the body of the expectant mother:

prepares the uterus for the attachment of a fertilized egg;
reduces the contractility of the myometrium;
facilitates labor.

With a deficiency of progesterone, uterine hypertonicity and other serious complications of pregnancy develop.

The second hormone that affects muscle tone is prolactin, which stimulates the development and growth of the mammary glands, preparing them for lactation. Increased contractile activity of the uterus can provoke a high content of this substance in the blood. Thyroid hormones have no less effect on reproductive function.

Chronic uterine pathologies are another common cause of hypertonicity. These include:

endometriosis;
endometritis;
benign or malignant neoplasms.

Such diseases often occur in women who have had abortions, experienced miscarriages in the early or late stages, have scars on the uterus, etc. Increased contractile activity of the myometrium in this case begins from the first days of delayed menstruation and often ends with rejection of the fetal egg. In the second trimester, increased tone often develops due to a short break between births, multiple pregnancies, large fetal size, and underdevelopment of the female genital organs.

Other causes of hypertension include:

infections - respiratory, intestinal, sexually transmitted;
bad habits - smoking, alcohol, drugs;
brain damage of traumatic, infectious or tumor origin;
physical and psychological stress;
taking a contrast shower;
drinking strong black tea or coffee;
abdominal injuries, falls;
nutritional deficiencies, especially magnesium;
constipation;
strong vibration;
fright.

In some women, hypertonicity develops due to stroking the abdomen, exposure to the nipple area, and intimacy.

Patients with elevated levels of male sex hormones - androgens are also at risk of increased contractile activity of the myometrium. These disorders can be recognized even before the tests. Such women have a lot of body hair, there is a tendency to form acne and stretch marks on the skin.

Uterine hypertonicity during pregnancy can cause miscarriage, premature birth and other serious consequences.

What threatens myometrial hypertonicity at different stages of pregnancy

In the first trimester, increased contractile activity of the uterus leads to miscarriages, since at this time the fetal egg is weakly attached to the uterus.

In the second trimester, there is a risk of developing placental insufficiency, characterized by premature aging of the placenta. With this pathology, the fetus receives less oxygen and other nutrients, which negatively affects its development, the work of the cardiovascular and other systems. At this stage, the risk is high:

intrauterine fetal death against the background of severe hypoxia;
lag in physical development;
premature birth, which often ends in the death of the baby if he was born before 22 weeks.

In the third trimester, pregnant women face the same dangers as in the second. Prolonged hypoxia can lead to irreversible changes in the brain, cardiovascular and central nervous system. These children are often diagnosed with:

lag in physical and psychological development;
speech delay;
epilepsy;
pathologies associated with the functioning of the immune system.

The severity of complications depends on the duration of the pathological condition, localization, early diagnosis and other factors. The tone can disturb a woman throughout pregnancy or occur from time to time under the influence of adverse factors. In both cases, the pregnant woman needs an examination that excludes serious pathologies.

Characteristic signs of a pathological condition

Symptoms of increased myometrial tone vary greatly depending on the duration and localization of the pathological process. In the early stages, expectant mothers feel aching pain in the lower abdomen, as during menstruation. It can give to the lower back or sacrum. Many at this stage have a spotting discharge from the vagina, which differs in intensity and color. What does this or that symptomatology mean, the doctor will tell you, to whom you need to go immediately after its appearance. Otherwise, there is a threat of abortion.

Hypertonicity of the myometrium along the posterior wall is most often detected on ultrasound

At later dates, the tone is manifested by the fossilization of the uterus. The abdomen becomes hard and painful. Spotting discharge at this time is less common. Their appearance may indicate placental abruption.

Hypertonicity along the anterior wall of the uterus is felt most clearly. If the pathological process is localized in another part, then there may be no symptoms. An increase in the contractile activity of the uterus along the back wall is usually detected during a routine examination.

Diagnostic methods

A pronounced contractile activity of the myometrium is detected by a gynecologist. To confirm the diagnosis, an ultrasound examination of the uterus is performed. It allows you to identify general and local hypertonicity.

To find the cause of the pathology, they pass:

blood for hormones (progesterone, prolactin, TSH);
tests for sexually transmitted diseases, herpes, Torch infections;
clinical analysis of blood and urine.

According to indications, ultrasound of the kidneys and adrenal glands, MRI of the brain are performed. X-ray examinations for pregnant women are contraindicated.

In the later stages, cardiotocography is prescribed.

Outpatient and inpatient treatment

For most pregnant women with this pathology, doctors offer hospitalization, but the final decision is made by the patient. Severe hypertension requires a mandatory stay in the hospital.

The gynecology department does the following:

treat the underlying pathology;
put droppers with magnesia, glucose, drotaverine;
give injections of progesterone.

Outpatient treatment of hypertension includes taking sedatives, antispasmodics and hormonal drugs. They are usually prescribed in tablets or suppositories. The duration of treatment is determined by the doctor. Hormonal preparations based on progesterone are drunk according to an individual scheme, involving a gradual decrease in dosage. With abrupt cancellation, there is a risk of embryo rejection.

With local or general hypertonicity, occurring in a mild form, valerian or motherwort helps.

To improve the therapeutic effect, a woman needs peace and rest.

Stress, heavy psychological or physical stress during this period are unacceptable. Intimacy is also prohibited.

If hypertonicity does not go away for a long time or occurs too often, you need to go to the hospital for preservation.

In most cases, myometrial hypertonicity can be prevented. For this, couples are advised to prepare for pregnancy in advance, namely:

quit smoking, stop drinking alcohol and drugs;
stop taking medications prohibited during pregnancy;
get tested for sex hormones, infections;
do an ultrasound of the pelvic organs;
take care of proper nutrition so that there is no nutritional deficiency in the body.

In case of an unplanned conception, you need to register as soon as possible and undergo an initial examination.

get enough rest and sleep well;
spend a lot of time outdoors;
do light exercises for pregnant women;
avoid stressful situations;
regularly visit a gynecologist;
do not refuse a scheduled examination;
limit contact with infectious patients;
if you suspect hypertension, immediately go to the doctor.

In the antenatal clinic, pregnant women with complaints of spotting and pain in the lower abdomen are taken out of turn. If a woman feels unwell and cannot walk on her own, it is better to call an ambulance.

If hypertonicity is detected along the anterior or posterior wall, it is necessary to be examined and find its cause.

With timely detection of hypertonicity of the myometrium, the prognosis is usually favorable. Ignoring the problem and lack of treatment often leads to the death of the fetus or the birth of a child with pathologies.

One of the most common complications during pregnancy is when excessive stress occurs. However, not in all cases, such a phenomenon poses a serious danger to the fetus, but a frivolous attitude to the appearance of symptoms of this disorder can lead to the most unpleasant consequences.

The phenomenon of hypertonicity can be observed both on the entire inner surface of the uterus, and in some of its areas (locally). At the same time, hypertonicity of the uterus and the back wall are distinguished.

information In the latter case, the violation may not always be detected in time, since external characteristic symptoms are sometimes absent, therefore, in some cases, excessive tension of the uterine muscles can only be detected with the help of.

An increased tone of the posterior wall of the uterus with the simultaneous presence of pain may indicate the onset of a pregnancy complication process. In the future, the pathological process can lead to the appearance of structural changes in the uterine walls and, and in the future - or.

Causes

Pathological tension of the muscle layer of the posterior wall of the uterus can occur due to the following factors:

, which, in turn, can occur with insufficient development of the genital organs, excessive production of male hormones (androgens), excessive production of the hormone prolactin;
pathological changes in the wall of the uterus:,;
viral diseases (including);
or ;
inflammatory diseases of the uterus and ovaries;
negative;
overstretching of the muscles of the uterus that occurs or;
heavy physical work;

important The likelihood of hypertonicity along the back wall also depends on the age of the woman: the risk of this disorder is increased if the expectant mother is not 18 years old or more than 30 years old.

Symptoms of hypertonicity of the posterior wall of the uterus

The development of hypertonicity of the posterior wall of the uterus is not always accompanied by the appearance of pronounced symptoms. In some cases, this violation can be detected only during the passage of ultrasound. However, the presence of hypertension can be suspected if the following symptoms occur:

pain sensations;
the appearance of pain;
increased pain during exercise or under;
a feeling of tension ("petrification") in the uterus, which can be felt, as a rule, in the last months of pregnancy.

dangerous With the further development of hypertonicity, it may appear from the genital organs, which is a very alarming symptom, so it is necessary to determine and undergo the prescribed treatment in time.

Diagnostics

The most common diagnostic method for suspected development of hypertonicity of the posterior wall of the uterus is ultrasound. With the help of this procedure, the doctor gets the opportunity to assess the condition of the uterine walls, determine their thickness and possible stress.

During the ultrasound, the specialist also determines for the purpose of possible detection or opening of the pharynx.

If signs of hypertonicity are found, the expectant mother may be recommended additional examinations, including a blood test and some other hormones.

In addition, an experienced doctor can establish the presence of hypertension by palpation of the abdomen.

Ways to relieve hypertonicity of the posterior wall of the uterus

In the event of a sudden appearance of signs of hypertonicity along the back wall, it is advisable to take the following measures to prevent the occurrence of complications:

refuse to perform any physical or mental activity, take a horizontal position of the body;
relax the muscles of the body as much as possible, especially the muscles of the face;
try to give the body a position in which the uterus will be in the most free position: for example, on all fours. In this position, you can perform several movements: for example, slowly bend your back while raising your head. After a few seconds, you can return to the starting position and repeat the exercise.

important In this case, you should definitely contact a medical institution for examination and prescription of medication.

taking hormonal drugs in case of detection of signs of a deficiency of certain substances;
the appointment of drugs that have a sedative (calming) effect;
taking antispasmodics;
the appointment of drugs containing magnesium (for example,). The specified trace element contributes to the normalization of metabolism and the elimination of excess tension of any muscle groups;
bed rest.

Dangers and Complications

With untimely access to a medical institution and the absence of effective treatment, if there are signs of hypertonicity of the posterior wall of the uterus, the following serious complications may occur:

a significant decrease in blood flow due to narrowing of the lumen of the vessels of the uterus under the influence of excessive, which leads to the occurrence of fetal hypoxia;
: the risk of such a pregnancy outcome increases significantlywhen the formation of the main systems and organs of the embryo (fetus) occurs;

Pregnancy is an important period in the life of every woman, however, it is often overshadowed by various troubles and complications. One of such pathological conditions of the expectant mother is the thickening of the myometrium, the progression of which can lead to the death of the fetus. That is why it is important to know the causes of the development of this condition and the symptoms of its manifestation.

Thickening of the myometrium during pregnancy: normal or pathological?

Speaking of local thickening of the myometrium, experts mean increased uterine tone.

One of the components of the uterine layer is the myometrium, the thickness of which can vary depending on the day of the menstrual cycle, as well as in the event of pregnancy. Particular importance is attached to identifying the causes of thickening of the muscle layer, which allows timely notice of pathological changes in the woman's body.

One of the common symptoms that is detected in females is a local thickening of the muscle layer along the anterior wall of the uterus. However, often the thickness of the uterine wall is prone to changes under the influence of a decrease or increase in the level of hormones in the female body, or under the influence of other factors. It is for this reason that the detection of a thickening of the muscle layer of the genital organ does not always signal any pathology.

Changes in the myometrium during pregnancy

Diagnosis by doctors of local thickening of the myometrium while expecting a child suggests that the woman has an increased tone of the uterus. Of course, during childbirth, this is considered very important, but in other cases, such an increased contraction of the genital organ is accompanied by unpleasant painful sensations.

Local thickening of the muscle layer during pregnancy is a dangerous pathology that needs increased attention and control.

Uterine hypertonicity can result in a disruption in the supply of nutrients and oxygen to the baby, as well as an increased risk of an adverse outcome for the child.

Thickening of the myometrium does not necessarily mean that such a dangerous process will necessarily end in a miscarriage or the onset of labor ahead of schedule. However, medical practice shows that increased uterine tone both along the anterior and posterior walls causes squeezing of blood vessels and the result of this is a violation of the supply of oxygen and necessary elements to the fetus. This means that with such a state of the genital organ, the risk of developing disorders in the fetus increases and even death is possible.

Causes of thickening of the muscle layer

Thickening of the myometrium can occur for many reasons, and in some cases, such a pathology can be observed when the endocrine system is disrupted.

Causes of thickening of the myometrium during pregnancy

Local thickening of the muscle layer during pregnancy signals an increased tone of the uterus, and this can happen for the following reasons:

During pregnancy, there is a change in the level of hormones in the body and this is usually expressed in a decrease in the production of progesterone. Such a pathological condition is considered especially dangerous in the first weeks of pregnancy, when the process of placental formation has not yet ended;
The myometrium of the uterus may thicken as a result of increased levels of male hormones such as androgens.

Often the cause of increased uterine tone is;

benign neoplasms in the uterine cavity;
various injuries and abortions;
progression in the female body of infectious diseases of an acute nature;
infections that are predominantly sexually transmitted.

Improper formation of the genital organ and its small size can cause local thickening of the muscle layer.

It is possible to identify some risk factors, the presence of which can provoke an increase in the tone of the expectant mother and, accordingly, thickening of the myometrium:

work in adverse production conditions, which are manifested in the contact of a woman with chemicals, long business trips and night shifts;
the age of the expectant mother has a significant impact on the course of pregnancy and it has been proven that after 30 years of age, increased uterine tone is diagnosed much more often than at a younger age;
the constant presence of a woman in a stressful state;
abuse during pregnancy alcohol and smoking;
improper organization of the daily routine, that is, not enough time for rest and sleep.
A normal phenomenon is the thickening of the muscular layer of the uterus during menstruation and during the transition to the next stage, when the endometrium is restored. This process is due to the fact that there is an active change in the content of hormones such as progesterone and estrogen.

During pregnancy, a characteristic phenomenon is the thickening of the myometrium in accordance with the gestational age.

This is due to the fact that with the development of the child there is an intensive growth of the reproductive organ, and there is also a change in hormones in the body of the expectant mother. During pregnancy, thickening of the uterine wall is an ultrasound indicator that can signal the defeat of the woman's body by various diseases:

increased risk of spontaneous miscarriage;
progression of uterine fibroids at any stage of its development;
adenomyosis;
uterine endometritis.

Threat of abortion

The main method for diagnosing pregnancy is ultrasound, which allows you to identify the development of the fetus and various deviations from the normative indicators. Visualization of a fetal egg with or without an embryo in the uterine cavity is an indicator that a woman has a uterine pregnancy. Ultrasound in the early stages usually shows a local thickening of the muscle layer along the anterior wall of the uterus.

The detection of this symptom in the early stages of pregnancy is an indicator of the successful implantation of the fetal egg and its immersion in the uterine wall.

In the event that an attachment of the fetal egg has occurred outside the uterine cavity, then its visualization in this case is difficult and is an indicator of the development of an ectopic pregnancy.

One of the signs of a possible danger of abortion may be:

hypertonicity of the genital organ;
the embryo has a lid-shaped or drop-shaped form;
pronounced changes in the outer contour of the uterus, that is, there is an elevation of the wall section above the surface;
adenomyosis.

One of the dangerous and unpleasant pathological conditions of the uterus is adenomyosis, which is accompanied by the development of the inflammatory process and the germination of the endometrium in other uterine layers. The main signs of this pathology are:

the appearance of spotting in the intermenstrual period;
pain in the abdomen;
thickening of the posterior wall of the uterus.

Specialists classify adenomyosis as a form of endometriosis, the progression of which causes significant changes in the myometrium.

One of the most dangerous forms of this pathology is internal endometriosis, in which localization of the affected areas in the thickness of the endometrium is observed. Most often, the main symptom of such a pathological condition is a local thickening at the site of localization of endometriosis nodes along the back wall. In addition, a local thickening of the muscle layer develops when the uterine cavity is affected by malignant neoplasms. Such a pathological process leads to the fact that the asymmetry of the genital organ develops as a result of the appearance of a tumor on one of the walls of the uterus.

Increased uterine tone, which is accompanied by thickening of the myometrium, is a dangerous pathological condition for a woman.

Its development in the female body can lead to unpleasant consequences, and even the loss of a child. On this account, experts have their own point of view, and they believe that an important place in pregnancy planning should be given to preventive measures to prevent local thickening of the myometrium.

In order to give birth to a healthy baby and not face various complications during labor. Even at the planning stage of pregnancy, it is important to be examined for the presence of various infections in the body and consult an endocrinologist about your state of health. During pregnancy, it is necessary, if possible, to avoid high mental and physical effects on the body, and at the first signs of an increase in the tone of the uterus, seek help from specialists. Today, this pathology is successfully treated, but the main thing in this case is timely access to doctors.

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Myometrial hypertonicity during pregnancy is dangerous, how to treat?

Pregnancy is an important event in a woman's life, but often during her course, a pathology such as increased myometrial tone is diagnosed. Myometrial hypertonicity is a pathological condition characterized by increased contractile activity of the muscle fibers of the uterus. The development of such a disorder during pregnancy is fraught with miscarriages, premature births and other dangerous consequences. It is important to know the symptoms of this pathology and the possible causes of its development. Timely access to a doctor will help to avoid various complications.

Causes of the development of hypertonicity of the myometrium and methods of treatment

The causes of hypertonicity during pregnancy may lie in structural changes in the uterine wall

Pregnancy for a woman is the most long-awaited exciting event, but often its course is overshadowed by various diseases. Often, when visiting a gynecologist, you can hear such an unpleasant diagnosis as "myometrial hypertonicity", which causes a lot of anxiety and anxiety in the expectant mother. Most often, a specialist makes a decision to place a pregnant woman in a medical institution for appropriate treatment, or strict adherence to bed rest at home is attributed.

Why is myometrial hypertonicity really dangerous during childbearing, that such drastic measures are required? In fact, an increase in myometrial tone during pregnancy is considered a dangerous pathological condition that requires increased attention. This is due to the fact that it is on this that the supply of a sufficient amount of nutrients and oxygen to the developing fetus, as well as the favorable ending of pregnancy, depends in the future.

Features of the pathology

The uterine cavity is lined with three layers:

endometrium;
myometrium;
parimetry.

The endometrium is the layer that covers the surface of the uterus from the inside, and the parimetry is a serous film lining the genital organ from the outside. However, the most important and complex layer is the myometrium, which is characterized by muscle contraction, which plays a huge role in the successful completion of labor. In the event that during the course of pregnancy such increased muscle tension is diagnosed before the due date of delivery, then experts speak of such a pathology as hypertonicity. Such a pathological condition of the female body causes increased pressure in the genital organ and the result of this phenomenon may be the premature onset of labor.

However, the diagnosis of such a pathology does not necessarily lead to the onset of premature labor or miscarriage, since there are cases of a favorable outcome of pregnancy. Most often, the increased tone of the myometrium along the anterior or posterior wall ends with a violation of the process of supplying oxygen and nutrients to the fetus, which can adversely affect its further development.

Causes of increased tone

To date, increased tone of the myometrium can develop for various reasons.

Most often, the development of hypertonicity is observed as a result of a change in the hormonal background of a woman, that is, a decrease in the content of progesterone.

Such a violation causes a particular danger at the very beginning of the development of pregnancy, when the final formation of the placenta has not yet occurred. In addition, the following causes of pathology can be distinguished:

myometrial tone can increase when a woman increases the production of the male sex hormone - androgen;
often experts diagnose hypertonicity with underdevelopment of the genital organ and its small size;
increased uterine tone can be diagnosed when the history of the expectant mother contains various diseases of the inflammatory nature of the uterus or malignant neoplasms.
the tone can increase under the influence of various stressful situations, constant anxiety, smoking and drinking alcoholic beverages.
uterine fibroids cause a violation of the hormonal background in the female body and often the tone is diagnosed precisely with such a pathology;

Local hypertonicity mainly occurs in endometriosis, when pathological cells cause structural changes in muscle fibers.

Often, doctors are faced with such a pathological condition of the female body as uterine hypotension. During pregnancy, such a pathology does not pose any significant threat to the woman and the baby, however, with the development of such a condition during labor, various complications may arise.

Risk factors

In addition to the reasons that lead to increased myometrial tone, risk factors can be identified. Most often, experts diagnose miscarriage in the presence of certain medical factors:

detection of various pathologies during pregnancy;
genetic predisposition;
diseases of a different nature in the genital and internal organs;
progression of inflammatory processes in the reproductive system;
thyroid disease;
harmful production, that is, an increase in the tone of the uterus, can occur with the constant interaction of a woman with harmful substances, with heavy physical labor and daily work;
the age of the pregnant woman plays an important role, since doctors note that after 35 years, women become susceptible to uterine hypertonicity;
irrational organization of her daily routine, that is, a woman does not rest enough.

Symptoms of pathology

In modern medicine, uterine hypertonicity is divided into:

a local increase in the tone of the myometrium, that is, there is muscle tension in a separate section of the myometrium;
a general increase in the tone of the uterus is the tension of the entire myometrium.

The following zones of occurrence of hypertonicity in the cavity of the reproductive organ are distinguished:

An increase in the tone of the myometrium along the back wall causes the following symptoms:

severe pulling pain in the lower abdomen;
pain in the lower back;
bleeding from the vagina

An increase in tone along the anterior wall causes severe pain in the lower abdomen, which is accompanied by its strong tension. The increased tone of the uterus along the anterior wall at the end of pregnancy can lead to the fact that the movements of the fetus slow down. This pathological condition often ends in spontaneous miscarriage.

The back wall is the site of the localization of large blood vessels through which nutrients are supplied to the baby. In the event that tension of the myometrium occurs, then their clamping is observed, and the result of this is fetal hypoxia. Often, an increased tone of the uterus along the anterior wall can occur with any external irritation that affects the abdominal cavity.

How to treat

Many believe that the spasmodic state of the uterus is the main cause of the development of premature labor and miscarriage, and various deviations can be observed during pregnancy.

However, uterine hypertonicity does not always need treatment and is most often resorted to when there are symptoms such as:

a shortened neck and a threat to its disclosure;
the appearance of secretions of a smearing nature;
pain in the abdomen.

In the event that such symptoms are absent, then in this case no special treatment is required. If an increase in the tone of the uterus of a physiological nature occurs, it can be eliminated by simply relaxing the muscles of the face and resting on the side. Another relaxing exercise that doctors advise to perform with a high tone of the uterus is getting on all fours and gently arching the lower back.

When deciding on a special treatment for such a pathology, antispasmodic drugs are most often prescribed. These remedies do not eliminate the likelihood of a miscarriage, but they allow you to get rid of unpleasant symptoms. If there is a history of premature birth, a drug such as Utrozhestan is prescribed.

Uterine hypertonicity means an increased tone of the muscles of the uterus before the onset of labor. In the article we will consider the following questions: what is the danger of hypertonicity, how to determine the pathological condition, for what reasons the pathology develops, what to do with uterine hypertonicity. So, about everything in more detail.

What is the danger of increased uterine tone during pregnancy

Options for the development of the situation depend on the gestation period. But in any case, hypertonicity is dangerous at any time by termination of pregnancy. So in the early stages, the uterine tone prevents the fetus from gaining a good foothold in the endometrium, then, when the placenta has formed, there is a risk of its detachment. In addition, the hypertonicity of the uterus during the bearing of the baby squeezes the blood vessels that connect the mother and child, because of this, the child does not have enough oxygen and nutrients for normal development. In particular, often the pathological condition develops precisely in the early stages of gestation, and this is a threat of pregnancy. In addition, hypertonicity is often increased in pregnant women in the later stages. Then it may be confused with training bouts.

Symptoms of hypertension in pregnant women are as follows:

Pain in the lower abdomen, as during menstruation, or extending to the lumbar region.
In the second trimester, a feeling of tension, constant excitement of the uterus.
The uterus is firm, the pregnant belly moves all over, it can change shape.

However, these signs may not appear. Sometimes doctors determine such a pathological condition during an ultrasound examination. I must say that in both cases, the tone can be provoked by the emotional state of the pregnant woman before the ultrasound.

Due to the high risks to the fetus, additional medications must be prescribed. research in order to accurately establish the pathology and find out its cause.

Separately, it must be said about local uterine hypertonicity along the posterior or anterior wall. By the way, the development of pain syndrome only in the abdomen or in the lumbar region depends on the place of development of the pathology. On an ultrasound examination, the pathology of the video shows an obvious change in the shape of the organ: one of its walls bends into the inner part.