Dispensaries. Types, tasks, structure

dispensary(English distribute, patronize) - this is the main specialized institution that provides medical and preventive care to patients of a certain profile and is an organizational and methodological center for combating certain diseases in a specific area; this is an independent institution of the ZO having the rights of a legal entity, seal, account, charter, internal regulations. The dispensary is managed by the chief physician, the states depend on the number of people served, the level of morbidity, and the epidemic situation. The work is based on the territorial principle.

Tasks of the dispensary and their role in improving the quality of specialized care:

Provision of qualified, specialized medical, advisory and diagnostic assistance

Implementation of medical examination of patients and organization of dispensary observation of them in medical institutions

Organizational and methodological management of the activities of territorial medical institutions of the general medical network

Registration of patients, analysis of morbidity, disability, mortality, registration of patients, development of preventive and organizational measures

Organization and holding of seminars, conferences in order to increase the level of knowledge on the relevant pathology

Carrying out mass preventive medical examinations

Introduction of new methods of diagnostics, treatment and prevention in healthcare facilities

Dissemination of knowledge among the population, hygienic training and education.

The dispensary also provides social assistance to patients (solving issues of employment, guardianship of incompetent patients, solving housing issues, etc.)

Dispensary structure:

1. Outpatient department (conducts a specialized outpatient appointment)

2. Diagnostic department (laboratories, radioisotope diagnostics room, radiation diagnostics room, etc.)

3. Hospital

4. Organizational and methodological department

Types of dispensaries by profile (the number in the Republic of Belarus is indicated for 1997):

Dermatovenerological dispensaries - 35

Tuberculosis dispensaries – 30

Psychoneurological dispensaries - 14

Oncological dispensaries - 11

Narcological dispensaries - 10

Endocrinological dispensaries - 5

Cardiovascular dispensaries - 5

Specialized dispensaries for victims of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant - 2

In total, in 1997 there were 113 dispensaries in the Republic of Belarus.

By localization dispensaries can be republican, regional, city, interdistrict.

The relationship between the work of the dispensary and the clinic: the polyclinic, according to indications, sends patients to dispensaries of the appropriate profile for the implementation of medical diagnostic and rehabilitation measures; the dispensary transfers to the polyclinic documentation about the examined and treated patients, provides organizational and methodological guidance for the work of polyclinics in its field, conducts seminars, conferences, etc. to increase the general level of knowledge of doctors on a specific pathology, introduces new methods of diagnosis and treatment, etc.

Organizations of the sanitary and epidemiological service. Center of Hygiene and Epidemiology. Management, tasks, structure of the regional center of hygiene and epidemiology. Preventive and current sanitary supervision. Interaction in the work of the center of hygiene and epidemiology with medical and preventive organizations.

Organization of the sanitary and epidemiological service.

The management structure of the state sanitary supervision service of the Republic of Belarus is represented by a system of bodies and organizations that carry out state sanitary supervision. The service is headed by the Deputy Minister of Health The Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Republic of Belarus, appointed by the Minister of Health of the Republic of Belarus.

The system of bodies and organizations of the Ministry of Health that carry out state sanitary supervision includes:

Department of the Ministry of Health in charge of state sanitary supervision

Republican Center for Hygiene, Epidemiology and Public Health

Regional centers of hygiene, epidemiology and public health

Minsk City Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology

Centers for hygiene and epidemiology in the districts of Minsk

City Centers for Hygiene and Epidemiology

Regional centers of hygiene and epidemiology, etc.

In addition, this service includes a disinfection and sterilization center, preventive disinfection centers, a health center, research institutes, a center for examinations and testing in the ZO, hygienic departments of medical universities and BelMAPO, the Center for Geological and Evolution of other ministries and departments.

TsGiE- the main institution of the sanitary and epidemiological service.

The structure of the district TsGiE:

a) in areas with a population of up to 30 thousand people: Sanitary and epidemiological department (disinfection department, microbiological laboratory, chemical and radiological laboratory, administrative staff)

b) in areas with a population of 30-60 thousand people:

1. Sanitary and hygienic department (departments of communal hygiene, food hygiene, occupational hygiene, hygiene of children and adolescents)

2. Epidemiological department (disinfection department, microbiological laboratory, physical-chemical and radiological laboratory, administrative staff)

c) in areas with a population of over 60 thousand people:

1. Sanitary and hygienic department (departments of communal hygiene, food hygiene, occupational hygiene, hygiene of children and adolescents, radiation hygiene, department of sanitary and hygienic monitoring, risk assessment and public health)

3. Sanitary-hygienic laboratory with laboratory divisions for the study of physical factors, physico-chemical, toxicological research methods and radiation monitoring

The district CG&E is managed by the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the district, appointed by the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Republic of Belarus in agreement with the relevant local executive and administrative authorities.

Tasks of the district TsGiE:

1 - ensuring timely hygienic assessment of everything new introduced into the national economy

2 - control over the maximum permissible concentrations of harmful substances

3 - organization and control over the implementation of measures and recommendations for the improvement of working conditions, life, training, education and recreation of the population

4 - supervision over compliance by legal entities and individuals with sanitary and hygienic legislation, sanitary norms, rules and hygienic standards, as well as over the organization and implementation of measures to prevent and reduce the incidence of the population

5 - organization of measures for the sanitary protection of the territory of the Republic of Belarus from the introduction and spread of quarantine and other infectious diseases

6 - organization of state supervision over compliance with radiation safety standards, sanitary rules when working with sources of ionizing radiation, participation of the sanitary and epidemiological service in the elimination of the medical consequences of the Chernobyl disaster

7 - organization of supervision over compliance with the requirements of sanitary rules in the design, construction and reconstruction of facilities

8 - interaction with other organizations of the Ministry of Health in terms of ensuring their sanitary and epidemiological well-being, on issues of their departmental sanitary supervision and industrial sanitary control

Preventive and current sanitary supervision is at the heart of SES activities.

Preventive sanitary supervision is carried out in three areas:

1. in the design, construction and reconstruction - is carried out in the form of:

Issuance of sanitary conditions for construction design

Accounting for all designed, under construction or reconstructed facilities

Coordination of allotment of land for construction

Drawing up a hygienic conclusion

Approval of the construction (reconstruction) project of the facility

2. for the protection of atmospheric air, water bodies, water supply, soil - is carried out in the form of:

Accounting for all objects polluting air, water sources, soil

Laboratory control

Study of the sanitary and hygienic state of these areas and their impact on the incidence of the population

Development and presentation of sanitary plans-tasks for recreational activities

3. when establishing sanitary and hygienic norms and rules - includes:

Establishment of sanitary and hygienic norms and rules, requirements of state standards for all industrial products for technical and domestic use, food

Hygienic assessment and assessment of GOSTs for new types of chemical raw materials and materials

Current sanitary supervision carried out by inspection of the sanitary condition of public utilities, industrial enterprises, food facilities, preschool, school and other institutions, sources of radioactive substances and ionizing radiation. For the current sanitary supervision, methods of raid surveys of objects, sanitary and hygienic descriptions are used both for individual types of objects, and for the whole region, city.

The current sanitary supervision involves:

Study of sanitary and hygienic working conditions, hygienic assessment of the working environment

Laboratory control over controlled objects

Detection and elimination of sanitary and hygienic, anti-epidemic violations

The study of morbidity and injury

Organization of preventive examinations of the population

Monitoring the physical development of children and adolescents

Control of hygienic conditions of education, regime for school and preschool institutions

Control of the state of the air environment, water supply, soil

Population Health Surveillance

Development of tasks and proposals to eliminate sanitary violations and improve the sanitary condition of facilities

Organization and control over the conduct of sanitary and educational work

Sanctions, disciplinary action, fines, product seizure, facility suspension, suspension from work, etc.

Control over the organization of rational nutrition of the population, etc.

Communication of TsGiE with the polyclinic- resolves the following issues:

1- control over the conduct of preventive vaccinations

2- joint work on medical examination of the population

3- accounting and reporting on infectious diseases

4- control over the conduct of medical primary anti-epidemic measures

5- medical observation of the focus of infection

6- carrying out deworming

7- analysis of morbidity and connection with the environment (social and hygienic monitoring)

8- hearing materials on compliance with the sanitary and epidemiological regime at medical councils

9- work on the formation of a healthy lifestyle

10- participation in joint professional examinations of workers of industrial enterprises

Communication of TsGiE with the hospital:

Sanitary and epidemiological control and timely detection of infections:

a) periodic examination of personnel

b) periodic closure for disinfection

Accounting and reporting on infectious diseases

Hearing in hospitals of materials on anti-epidemic measures, their verification by the TsGiE

To certain groups of the population and carrying out systematic monitoring of their health.

Dispensaries carry out the identification of patients at an early stage of diseases by systematically organized mass preventive and targeted examinations of the population; registering those in need of treatment; thorough examination and provision of qualified and special medical assistance to them; active dynamic monitoring (patronage) of the health status of those registered; a detailed study of working conditions, the life of patients and, together with sanitary and epidemiological stations, the elimination of factors that adversely affect the health of persons taken for medical examination and those around them - family members, as well as those living and working with them.

Types of dispensaries

In Russia, there are the following types of dispensaries:

anti-tuberculosis,
oncological,
psychoneurological,
trachomatous,
goiter,
medical and physical education,
endocrinological,
narcological,
cardiological

Structure of dispensaries

The structure of the dispensary, as a rule, provides for a polyclinic department, a hospital, diagnostic units (laboratory, X-ray room, etc.). In order to more rationally organize medical care for the population, low-capacity dispensaries with 2-4 doctors each should be transformed into specialized departments (offices) of central district hospitals and city polyclinics.

Notes

Wikimedia Foundation. 2010 .

Synonyms:

Sharafutdinov, Raif Kashifovich
Austria (football club, Vienna)

See what "Dispensary" is in other dictionaries:

DISPENSER- DISPENSER, dispensary, husband. (French dispensaire) (neol. medical). A medical institution for the treatment and prevention of disease. Venereal dispensary. Tuberculosis dispensary. Explanatory Dictionary of Ushakov. D.N. Ushakov. 1935 1940 ... Explanatory Dictionary of Ushakov

DISPENSER- (from the English dispensary clinic for the poor, French dispensaire charity pharmacy), honey. dignity. an institution (for incoming patients), which in the USSR sets as its task, in addition to a thorough examination of the person who asked for help ... ... Big Medical Encyclopedia

dispensary- a, m. dispensaire m. A medical and prophylactic institution, whose tasks include identifying patients with early forms of certain diseases, systematic monitoring of the health status of certain groups of the population in order to prevent ... ... Historical Dictionary of Gallicisms of the Russian Language

dispensary- (wrong dispensary). Pronounced [dispensary] ... Dictionary of pronunciation and stress difficulties in modern Russian

dispensary- a specialized medical and preventive institution providing outpatient medical care to the population. A medical history is made for each patient D.. Doctor D. has the right to issue a certificate of incapacity for work. Glossary of business terms. ... ... Glossary of business terms

DISPENSER- (French dispensaire, from Latin dispenso I distribute), specialized medical institutions: anti-tuberculosis, dermatovenerological, neuropsychiatric, oncological, medical and physical education, etc ... Modern Encyclopedia- (French dispensaire, from Latin dispenso I distribute), specialized medical institutions: anti-tuberculosis, dermatovenerological, neuropsychiatric, oncological, medical and physical education, etc. ... Illustrated Encyclopedic Dictionary

dispensary- (fr. dispensaire) special. a medical and preventive institution, whose tasks include identifying patients with early forms of certain diseases, treating the sick, systematic monitoring of the health status of certain groups of the population in ... ... Dictionary of foreign words of the Russian language

Clinical examination is a method of medical care for certain contingents of the population, which is based on early active detection of diseases, differentiated accounting, dynamic monitoring and timely treatment of identified patients, and public and personal disease prevention measures.

In the system of organizing specialized medical care for the population, an important role is played by a network of dispensaries that are designed to develop and implement a set of preventive measures, as well as to actively identify patients with certain diseases at an early stage, treat them and rehabilitate them. In accordance with the nomenclature of health care institutions, the following types of dispensaries are distinguished: medical and physical education, cardiological, dermatovenerological, narcological, oncological, anti-tuberculosis, psychoneurological, ophthalmological and endocrinological. The dispensary provides assistance to both adults and children and, as a rule, includes a polyclinic (dispensary) department and a hospital. The role of dispensaries is leading in the provision of specialized medical and preventive care for socially significant diseases.

Oncology Center.

The system of providing oncological care to the population includes oncological dispensaries, hospices or departments of palliative care for oncological patients, examination and oncology rooms of APU. The main tasks of these institutions are the provision of specialized medical care to patients with malignant neoplasms (MN), dispensary observation of such patients, targeted (screening) medical examinations, as well as sanitary and educational work on the prevention and early detection of oncological diseases.

In the system of providing specialized oncological care, the leading role belongs to oncological dispensaries, which, as a rule, are organized at the level of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation (republic, territory, district, region). The work of the dispensary is headed by the chief physician, who is appointed and dismissed by the head of the relevant health management body. The main goal of the dispensary is to develop a strategy and tactics for improving oncological care for the population, providing qualified oncological care to the population of the assigned territory. In accordance with this goal, the dispensary solves the following tasks:

Providing qualified specialized medical care to cancer patients;

Analysis of the state of oncological care for the attached population, the effectiveness and quality of ongoing preventive measures, diagnosis, treatment and dispensary observation of oncological patients;

Maintaining a territorial cancer registry;

Development of territorial targeted programs to combat cancer;

Training and advanced training of oncologists, doctors of basic specialties and paramedical workers on the provision of oncological care to the population;

Introduction of new medical technologies for providing medical care to cancer patients and patients with precancerous diseases;

Coordination of the activities of health care institutions of the general medical network on prevention, early detection of malignant neoplasms, dispensary observation and palliative treatment of cancer patients;

Organization and conduct of sanitary and educational work among the population on the formation of a healthy lifestyle, the prevention of cancer.

In addition to the outpatient and inpatient departments traditional for most dispensaries, the oncology dispensary includes: a department for palliative care, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, a boarding house, etc.

Psychoneurological dispensary

The leading institution in the system of providing specialized psychiatric care to the population is the neuropsychiatric dispensary, which solves the following tasks:

Provision of outpatient psychiatric and psychotherapeutic care to patients suffering from mental disorders, as well as dispensary observation of them;

Inpatient care for patients suffering from non-psychotic types of mental illness;

Carrying out preventive examinations, examinations, forensic psychiatric, military medical and medical and social examinations;

Social and labor rehabilitation of patients with mental illness;

Emergency psychiatric care, including in emergency situations;

Participation in the decision of issues of guardianship of incompetent patients;

Providing advisory specialized neuropsychiatric care to patients in somatic hospitals and outpatient clinics;

Psychohygienic, sanitary and educational work among the population.

The structure of the dispensary, as a rule, includes a diagnostic and treatment department with offices of district psychiatrists, a day hospital for short-term stay of patients suffering from non-psychotic types of mental illness, a department of child and adolescent psychoneurology, a department of mental -psychological assistance, etc. In addition, the psychoneurological dispensary may include state medical and industrial enterprises for occupational therapy, training in new professions and employment of persons suffering from mental disorders, including the disabled. The dispensary can organize neuropsychiatric departments (offices) at general polyclinics to provide specialized psychoneurological care to the population.

Drug Dispensary

The narcological dispensary is the main link in the organization of drug treatment for the population, carries out work on the prevention and early detection of mental and behavioral disorders associated with the use of psychoactive substances (alcoholism, alcoholic psychoses, drug addiction, substance abuse, etc.), provides specialized assistance and medical examination of these patients. The main tasks of the narcological dispensary are:

Extensive anti-alcohol and anti-drug propaganda among the population and, above all, students of educational institutions;

Early detection, dispensary registration, provision of specialized outpatient and inpatient care for patients with alcoholism, drug addiction, substance abuse;

The study of the incidence of alcoholism, drug addiction and substance abuse among the population, the analysis of the effectiveness of the preventive and therapeutic and diagnostic assistance provided;

Development of territorial targeted programs to combat drug addiction;

Participation, together with the social protection authorities, in the provision of social assistance to patients with alcoholism, drug addiction and substance abuse under dispensary supervision;

Carrying out a medical examination, examination of alcohol intoxication, other types of examinations;

Methodological guidance in the organization of pre-trip inspections of drivers of vehicles;

Organizational, methodological and advisory assistance to drug treatment rooms that are part of other health care institutions;

Providing advisory specialized narcological assistance to patients in somatic hospitals and outpatient clinics;

Training and advanced training of doctors and paramedical personnel on the provision of narcological assistance to the population.

The work of the dispensary is based on the district principle. The optimal organizational and functional structure of the narcological dispensary provides for the following units: offices of district psychiatrists-narcologists, teenage office, examination of alcohol intoxication, anonymous treatment, anti-alcohol propaganda, specialized offices (neurologist, psychologist, therapist), inpatient departments, day hospital, organizational and methodological department . The dispensary also includes a laboratory, a functional diagnostics room, a hypnotary, a room for reflexology, electrosleep, etc. The dispensary may have specialized vehicles equipped with equipment for carrying out an alcohol intoxication examination together with the traffic police.

TB Dispensary

The basic principles for organizing specialized care for patients with tuberculosis are defined by the Federal Law "On Preventing the Spread of Tuberculosis in the Russian Federation". A specialized health care institution that provides anti-tuberculosis care to the population in the attached territory is an anti-tuberculosis dispensary, which is assigned the following tasks:

Systematic analysis of the epidemiological situation on tuberculosis and the effectiveness of anti-tuberculosis measures in the jurisdictional territory, including in the institutions of the penitentiary system;

Planning together with the Centers for Hygiene and Epidemiology, institutions of the general medical network of vaccination, BCG revaccination and organizational and methodological guidance for their implementation;

Hospitalization of bacterial excretors and isolation of newborns from bacterial excretors (for the period of formation of post-vaccination immunity);

Implementation of preventive measures in relation to persons in contact with bacterial excretors (regular dispensary observation of them, current disinfection of foci, revaccination, chemoprophylaxis, etc.);

Carrying out, together with institutions of the general medical network, centers of hygiene and epidemiology, enterprises of medical examinations of the population using fluorographic, immunological, bacteriological and other research methods;

Provision of specialized inpatient and outpatient care to patients with tuberculosis, sending them to sanatorium-and-spa institutions;

Carrying out a set of measures for the social and labor rehabilitation of patients with tuberculosis;

Conducting an examination of temporary disability of tuberculosis patients and, if necessary, sending them to the ITU;

Dispensary registration and dynamic monitoring of patients with tuberculosis (timely examination, treatment, chemoprophylaxis).

The structure of a tuberculosis dispensary, as a rule, includes the following units: a dispensary department (for adults and children), a hospital, a sanatorium, medical and labor workshops, clinical diagnostic and bacteriological laboratories, X-ray, endoscopic, physiotherapy rooms, a department for the rehabilitation of patients with post-tuberculosis changes and non-specific respiratory diseases, a functional diagnostics room, a day hospital, etc. Anti-tuberculosis dispensaries work according to the district principle. In large cities with a population of more than 500,000 people, as well as in municipal districts of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation, if there are two or more dispensaries, one of them is assigned the functions of an interdistrict TB dispensary.

Dermatovenerological dispensary

The Dermatovenerological Dispensary is an independent specialized medical institution designed to provide preventive, therapeutic and diagnostic assistance to the population with diseases of the skin, subcutaneous tissue and infections, predominantly sexually transmitted (STIs), as well as a set of anti-epidemic measures to prevent them. With this in mind, the main tasks of the dispensary are:

Provision of specialized advisory and treatment and diagnostic dermatological and venereal care to the population in outpatient and inpatient settings;

Development of territorial targeted programs to combat STIs;

Carrying out, together with the Centers for Hygiene and Epidemiology, monitoring of STIs and infectious skin diseases;

Providing organizational, methodological and advisory assistance to institutions of the general medical network on the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of patients suffering from STIs and contagious skin diseases;

Participation in the work of licensing and expert commissions of health authorities, compulsory health insurance funds, insurance medical organizations, to control the medical activities of commercial structures and private practitioners providing dermato-venereological, gynecological, urological care;

Implementation of modern medical technologies for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of STIs and dermatosis into the practice of dermatological and venereological institutions;

Propaganda among the population together with the centers of medical prevention of knowledge on the prevention of contagious skin diseases and STIs, etc.

A dispensary may have the following subdivisions in its structure: outpatient department, inpatient department, organizational and methodological department (office), departments for primary prevention and periodic medical examinations, clinical diagnostic, bacteriological, immunological laboratories, cosmetology department (office), etc.

Similar information.

dispenso "I distribute") - a special treatment and preventive medical institution that provides medical assistance to certain groups of the population and systematically monitors their health.

Types of dispensaries

In Russia, there are the following types of dispensaries:

anti-tuberculosis
oncological
trachomatous
goitrous
medical and physical education
endocrinological
narcological
cardiological
orthopedic
ophthalmic

Structure of dispensaries

The structure of the dispensary, as a rule, provides for an outpatient department, a hospital, diagnostic units (laboratory, treatment room, etc.). In order to more rationally organize medical care for the population, low-capacity dispensaries with 2-4 doctors each should be transformed into specialized departments (offices) of central district hospitals and city polyclinics.

From the history

The first dispensaries in Moscow opened at the beginning of the 20th century for patients suffering from tuberculosis. So, in 1904, the "Ladies' Guardianship of the Poor" opened a tuberculosis dispensary near the hospital of St. Sophia. Over the next 9 years, the Russian Society for the Protection of Public Health has already organized four such dispensaries in Moscow. The first venereal dispensary in Russia traces its history back to

Tasks of the dispensary and their role in improving the quality of specialized care:

Provision of qualified, specialized medical, advisory and diagnostic assistance

Implementation of medical examination of patients and organization of dispensary observation of them in medical institutions

Organizational and methodological management of the activities of territorial medical institutions of the general medical network

Registration of patients, analysis of morbidity, disability, mortality, registration of patients, development of preventive and organizational measures

Organization and holding of seminars, conferences in order to increase the level of knowledge on the relevant pathology

Carrying out mass preventive medical examinations

Introduction of new methods of diagnostics, treatment and prevention in healthcare facilities

Dissemination of knowledge among the population, hygienic training and education.

The dispensary also provides social assistance to patients (solving issues of employment, guardianship of incompetent patients, solving housing issues, etc.)

Dispensary structure:

1. Outpatient department (conducts a specialized outpatient appointment)

2. Diagnostic department (laboratories, radioisotope diagnostics room, radiation diagnostics room, etc.)

3. Hospital

4. Organizational and methodological department

Types of dispensaries by profile

Dermatovenerological dispensaries

TB dispensaries

Psychoneurological dispensaries

Oncology dispensaries

Narcological dispensaries

Endocrinological dispensaries